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Niboucha N, Jubinville É, Péloquin L, Clop A, Labrie S, Goetz C, Fliss I, Jean J. Reuterin Enhances the Efficacy of Peracetic Acid Against Multi-species Dairy Biofilm. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10351-y. [PMID: 39264555 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10351-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Biofilms may contain pathogenic and spoilage bacteria and can become a recurring problem in the dairy sector, with a negative impact on product quality and consumer health. Peracetic acid (PAA) is one of the disinfectants most frequently used to control biofilm formation and persistence. Though effective, it cannot be used at high concentrations due to its corrosive effect on certain materials and because of toxicity concerns. The aim of this study was to test the possibility of PAA remaining bactericidal at lower concentrations by using it in conjunction with reuterin (3-hydroxypropionaldehyde). We evaluated the efficacy of PAA in pure form or as BioDestroy®, a PAA-based commercial disinfectant, on three-species biofilms formed by dairy-derived bacteria, namely Pseudomonas azotoformans PFlA1, Serratia liquefaciens Sl-LJJ01, and Bacillus licheniformis Bl-LJJ01. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the three agents were determined for each bacterial species and the fractional inhibitory concentrations were then calculated using the checkerboard assay. The minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of each antibacterial combination was then calculated against mixed-species biofilm. PAA, BioDestroy®, and reuterin showed antibiofilm activity against all bacteria within the mixed biofilm at respectively 760 ppm, 450 ppm, and 95.6 mM. The MBEC was lowered significantly to 456 ppm, 337.5 ppm, and 71.7 mM, when exposed to reuterin for 16 h followed by contact with disinfectant. Combining reuterin with chemical disinfection shows promise in controlling biofilm on food contact surfaces, especially for harsh or extended treatments. Furthermore, systems with reuterin encapsulation and nanotechnologies could be developed for sustainable antimicrobial efficacy without manufacturing disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissa Niboucha
- Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Éric Jubinville
- Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Laurence Péloquin
- Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Amandine Clop
- Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Steve Labrie
- Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Coralie Goetz
- Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ismaïl Fliss
- Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julie Jean
- Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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2
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Kim SH, Roy PK, Park SY. Synergistic Effects of Combined Flavourzyme and Floating Electrode-Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma on Reduction of Escherichia coli Biofilms in Squid ( Todarodes pacificus). Microorganisms 2024; 12:1188. [PMID: 38930569 PMCID: PMC11205502 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the synergistic effect of combining flavourzyme, a natural enzyme, and floating electrode-dielectric barrier discharge (FE-DBD) plasma (1.1 kV, 43 kHz, N2 1.5 m/s) treatment, a non-thermal decontamination technology, against Escherichia coli biofilms in squid. E. coli (ATCC 35150 and ATCC 14301) biofilms were formed on the surface of squid and treated with different minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of flavourzyme (1/8; 31.25 μL/mL, 1/4; 62.5 μL/mL, 2/4; 125 μL/mL, and 3/4 MIC; 250 μL/mL) and FE-DBD plasma (5, 10, 30, and 60 min). Independently, flavourzyme and FE-DBD plasma treatment decreased by 0.26-1.71 and 0.19-1.03 log CFU/cm2, respectively. The most effective synergistic combination against E. coli biofilms was observed at 3/4 MIC flavourzyme + 60 min FE-DBD plasma exposure, resulting in a reduction of 1.55 log CFU/cm2. Furthermore, the combined treatment exhibited higher efficacy in E. coli biofilm inactivation in squid compared to individual treatments. The pH values of the synergistic combinations were not significantly different from those of the untreated samples. The outcomes indicate that the combined treatment with flavourzyme and FE-DBD plasma can effectively provide effective control of E. coli biofilms without causing pH changes in squid. Therefore, our study suggests a new microbial control method for microbial safety in the seafood industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pantu Kumar Roy
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea;
| | - Shin Young Park
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea;
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3
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Rolon ML, Voloshchuk O, Bartlett KV, LaBorde LF, Kovac J. Multi-species biofilms of environmental microbiota isolated from fruit packing facilities promoted tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes to benzalkonium chloride. Biofilm 2024; 7:100177. [PMID: 38304489 PMCID: PMC10832383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes may survive and persist in food processing environments due to formation of complex multi-species biofilms of environmental microbiota that co-exists in these environments. This study aimed to determine the effect of selected environmental microbiota on biofilm formation and tolerance of L. monocytogenes to benzalkonium chloride in formed biofilms. The studied microbiota included bacterial families previously shown to co-occur with L. monocytogenes in tree fruit packing facilities, including Pseudomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Microbacteriaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae. Biofilm formation ability and the effect of formed biofilms on the tolerance of L. monocytogenes to benzalkonium chloride was measured in single- and multi-family assemblages. Biofilms were grown statically on polystyrene pegs submerged in a R2A broth. Biofilm formation was quantified using a crystal violet assay, spread-plating, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and its composition was assessed using amplicon sequencing. The concentration of L. monocytogenes in biofilms was determined using the most probable number method. Biofilms were exposed to the sanitizer benzalkonium chloride, and the death kinetics of L. monocytogenes were quantified using a most probable number method. A total of 8, 8, 6, and 3 strains of Pseudomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Microbacteriaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae, respectively, were isolated from the environmental microbiota of tree fruit packing facilities and were used in this study. Biofilms formed by Pseudomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, and all multi-family assemblages had significantly higher concentration of bacteria, as well as L. monocytogenes, compared to biofilms formed by L. monocytogenes alone. Furthermore, multi-family assemblage biofilms increased the tolerance of L. monocytogenes to benzalkonium chloride compared to L. monocytogenes mono-species biofilms and planktonic multi-family assemblages. These findings suggest that L. monocytogenes control strategies should focus not only on assessing the efficacy of sanitizers against L. monocytogenes, but also against biofilm-forming microorganisms that reside in the food processing built environment, such as Pseudomonadaceae or Xanthomonadaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Laura Rolon
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Olena Voloshchuk
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Katelyn V. Bartlett
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Luke F. LaBorde
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Jasna Kovac
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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4
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Cheng Y, Mousavi ZE, Pennone V, Hurley D, Butler F. Association between the Presence of Resistance Genes and Sanitiser Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates Recovered from Different Food-Processing Facilities. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2989. [PMID: 38138133 PMCID: PMC10746039 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sanitisers are widely used in cleaning food-processing facilities, but their continued use may cause an increased resistance of pathogenic bacteria. Several genes have been attributed to the increased sanitiser resistance ability of L. monocytogenes. This study determined the presence of sanitiser resistance genes in Irish-sourced L. monocytogenes isolates and explored the association with phenotypic sanitiser resistance. The presence of three genes associated with sanitiser resistance and a three-gene cassette (mdrL, qacH, emrE, bcrABC) were determined in 150 L. monocytogenes isolates collected from Irish food-processing facilities. A total of 23 isolates contained bcrABC, 42 isolates contained qacH, one isolate contained emrE, and all isolates contained mdrL. Additionally, 47 isolates were selected and grouped according to the number and type of resistance genes, and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these isolates for benzalkonium chloride (BAC) was determined experimentally using the broth microdilution method. The BAC resistance of the strain carrying the bcrABC gene cassette was significantly higher than that of strains lacking the gene cassette, and the BAC resistance of the strain carrying the qacH gene was significantly higher than that of strains lacking the qacH gene (p < 0.05). Isolates harbouring both the qacH and bcrABC genes did not show higher BAC resistance. With respect to environmental factors, there was no significant difference in MIC values for isolates recovered from different processing facilities. In summary, this investigation highlights the prevalence of specific sanitiser resistance genes in L. monocytogenes isolates from Irish food-processing settings. While certain genes correlated with increased resistance to benzalkonium chloride, the combination of multiple genes did not necessarily amplify this resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cheng
- UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 C1P1 Dublin, Ireland; (Y.C.); (Z.E.M.)
| | - Zeinabossadat Ebrahimzadeh Mousavi
- UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 C1P1 Dublin, Ireland; (Y.C.); (Z.E.M.)
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 77871-31587, Iran
| | - Vincenzo Pennone
- Teagasc Food Research Centre Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Daniel Hurley
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, D04 C1P1 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Francis Butler
- UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 C1P1 Dublin, Ireland; (Y.C.); (Z.E.M.)
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5
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Tuytschaever T, Raes K, Sampers I. Listeria monocytogenes in food businesses: From persistence strategies to intervention/prevention strategies-A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3910-3950. [PMID: 37548605 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
In 2023, Listeria monocytogenes persistence remains a problem in the food business. A profound understanding of how this pathogen persists may lead to better aimed intervention/prevention strategies. The lack of a uniform definition of persistence makes the comparison between studies complex. Harborage sites offer protection against adverse environmental conditions and form the ideal habitat for the formation of biofilms, one of the major persistence strategies. A retarded growth rate, disinfectant resistance/tolerance, desiccation resistance/tolerance, and protozoan protection complete the list of persistence strategies for Listeria monocytogenes and can occur on themselves or in combination with biofilms. Based on the discussed persistence strategies, intervention strategies are proposed. By enhancing the focus on four precaution principles (cleaning and disinfection, infrastructure/hygienic design, technical maintenance, and work methodology) as mentioned in Regulation (EC) No. 852/2004, the risk of persistence can be decreased. All of the intervention strategies result in obtaining and maintaining a good general hygiene status throughout the establishment at all levels ranging from separate equipment to the entire building.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Tuytschaever
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Katleen Raes
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Imca Sampers
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
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6
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Thomassen GMB, Reiche T, Hjørungnes M, Mehli L. High Disinfectant Tolerance in Pseudomonas spp. Biofilm Aids the Survival of Listeria monocytogenes. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1414. [PMID: 37374916 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas spp. are the most commonly found bacteria in food-processing environments due to properties such as a high growth rate at low temperatures, a high tolerance of antimicrobial agents, and biofilm formation. In this study, a set of Pseudomonas isolates originating from cleaned and disinfected surfaces in a salmon processing facility were screened for biofilm formation at 12 °C. A high variation in biofilm formation between the isolates was observed. Selected isolates, in both planktonic and biofilm states, were tested for resistance/tolerance to a commonly used disinfectant (peracetic acid-based) and antibiotic florfenicol. Most isolates showed a much higher tolerance in the biofilm state than in the planktonic state. In a multi-species biofilm experiment with five Pseudomonas strains with and without a Listeria monocytogenes strain, the Pseudomonas biofilm appeared to aid the survival of L. monocytogenes cells after disinfection, underscoring the importance of controlling the bacterial load in food-processing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunn Merethe Bjørge Thomassen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thorben Reiche
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martinus Hjørungnes
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lisbeth Mehli
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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7
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Layer-by-Layer Coating Approach Based on Sodium Alginate, Sage Seed Gum, and Savory Oil: Shelf-Life Extension of Fresh Cheese. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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8
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Microbial Indicators and Possible Focal Points of Contamination during Production and Processing of Catfish. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182778. [PMID: 36140905 PMCID: PMC9497987 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The catfish industry is important to the United States economy. The present study determined the levels of microbial indicators and the prevalence of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes at catfish farms and catfish processing plants. Live fish, water, and sediment samples were analyzed in farms. Fish skin, fillets, chiller water, and environmental surfaces were assessed at the processing plants both during operation and after sanitation. Live fish had 2% prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes, while sediment and water were negative for Listeria. Live fish skin counts averaged 4.2, 1.9, and 1.3 log CFU/cm2 aerobic (APC), total coliform (TCC) and generic Escherichia coli counts, respectively. Water and sediment samples averaged 4.8 and 5.8 log CFU/g APC, 1.9 and 2.3 log CFU/g TCC, and 1.0 and 1.6 log CFU/g generic E. coli counts, respectively. During operation, Listeria prevalence was higher in fillets before (57%) and after (97%) chilling than on fish skin (10%). Process chiller water had higher (p ≤ 0.05) APC, TCC, and Listeria prevalence than clean chiller water. After sanitation, most sampling points in which Listeria spp. were present had high levels of APC (>2.4 log CFU/100 cm2). APC combined with Listeria spp. could be a good approach to understand microbial contamination in catfish plants.
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9
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Control Measurements of Escherichia coli Biofilm: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162469. [PMID: 36010469 PMCID: PMC9407607 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common pathogen that causes diarrhea in humans and animals. In particular, E. coli can easily form biofilm on the surface of living or non-living carriers, which can lead to the cross-contamination of food. This review mainly summarizes the formation process of E. coli biofilm, the prevalence of biofilm in the food industry, and inhibition methods of E. coli biofilm, including chemical and physical methods, and inhibition by bioactive extracts from plants and animals. This review aims to provide a basis for the prevention and control of E. coli biofilm in the food industry.
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10
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Sanitation and customer service strategies implemented during COVID-19 correlated with lower Listeria monocytogenes prevalence in retail delicatessens. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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11
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Lindsay D, Killington A, Fouhy K, Loh M, Malakar P. The CDC biofilm bioreactor is a suitable method to grow biofilms, and test their sanitiser susceptibilities, in the dairy context. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Bland R, Brown SRB, Waite-Cusic J, Kovacevic J. Probing antimicrobial resistance and sanitizer tolerance themes and their implications for the food industry through the Listeria monocytogenes lens. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1777-1802. [PMID: 35212132 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of antibiotic resistance is a serious public health crisis, reducing our ability to effectively combat infectious bacterial diseases. The parallel study of reduced susceptibility to sanitizers is growing, particularly for environmental foodborne pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes. As regulations demand a seek-and-destroy approach for L. monocytogenes, understanding sanitizer efficacy and its uses are critical for the food industry. Studies have reported the ability of L. monocytogenes to survive in sanitizer concentrations 10-1000 times lower than the manufacturer-recommended concentration (MRC). Notably, data show that at MRC and when applied according to the label instructions, sanitizers remain largely effective. Studies also report that variables such as the presence of organic material, application time/temperature, and bacterial attachment to surfaces can impact sanitizer effectiveness. Due to the lack of standardization in the methodology and definitions of sanitizer resistance, tolerance, and susceptibility, different messages are conveyed in different studies. In this review, we examine the diversity of definitions, terminology, and methodologies used in studies examining L. monocytogenes resistance and susceptibility to antimicrobials. Research available to date fails to demonstrate "resistance" of L. monocytogenes to recommended sanitizer treatments as prescribed by the label. As such, sanitizer tolerance would be a more accurate description of L. monocytogenes response to low sanitizer concentrations (i.e., sub-MRC). Conservative use of word "resistance" will reduce confusion and allow for concise messaging as sanitizer research findings are communicated to industry and regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bland
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Stephanie R B Brown
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Joy Waite-Cusic
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jovana Kovacevic
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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13
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Quansah J, Gazula H, Liu D, Chen J. Effect of Pre-Exposure to Chlorine Dioxide on the Susceptibility of Fecal Coliforms to Antibiotics. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020215. [PMID: 35203817 PMCID: PMC8868535 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of sanitizers was previously reported to offer cross-protection to bacteria against antibiotics. This study was undertaken to determine whether the pre-exposure of fecal coliforms to suboptimal concentrations of a chemical sanitizer, chlorine dioxide (ClO2), alters their susceptibility to certain antibiotics. Fecal coliforms isolated from fresh fruit packing facilities (n = 12) were adapted in ½ or ¼ of the manufacturer-recommended concentration of ClO2. The susceptibility of the adapted and non-adapted cells to 13 different antibiotics was determined by observing the changes in their minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The results showed that preadaptation to the suboptimal concentrations of ClO2, in general, either decreased or did not change the MICs of the antibiotics against selected fecal coliform isolates, with only two exceptions; preadaptation increased the MICs of kanamycin against two of the fecal coliform isolates, and of nalidixic acid against one of the fecal coliform isolates. The results suggest that the use of ClO2 has a relatively low risk of inducing the resistance of fecal coliforms to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joycelyn Quansah
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA; (J.Q.); (H.G.); (D.L.)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 134, Ghana
| | - Himabindu Gazula
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA; (J.Q.); (H.G.); (D.L.)
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA; (J.Q.); (H.G.); (D.L.)
| | - Jinru Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA; (J.Q.); (H.G.); (D.L.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Bland R, Waite-Cusic J, Weisberg AJ, Riutta ER, Chang JH, Kovacevic J. Adaptation to a Commercial Quaternary Ammonium Compound Sanitizer Leads to Cross-Resistance to Select Antibiotics in Listeria monocytogenes Isolated From Fresh Produce Environments. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:782920. [PMID: 35082767 PMCID: PMC8784610 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.782920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective elimination of Listeria monocytogenes through cleaning and sanitation is of great importance to the food processing industry. Specifically in fresh produce operations, the lack of a kill step requires effective cleaning and sanitation to mitigate the risk of cross-contamination from the environment. As facilities rely on sanitizers to control L. monocytogenes, reports of the development of tolerance to sanitizers and other antimicrobials through cross-resistance is of particular concern. We investigated the potential for six L. monocytogenes isolates from fresh produce handling and processing facilities and packinghouses to develop cross-resistance between a commercial sanitizer and antibiotics. Experimental adaptation of isolates belonging to hypervirulent clonal complexes (CC2, CC4, and CC6) to a commercial quaternary ammonium compound sanitizer (cQAC) resulted in elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (2–3 ppm) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (3–4 ppm). Susceptibility to cQAC was restored for all adapted (qAD) isolates in the presence of reserpine, a known efflux pump inhibitor. Reduced sensitivity to 7/17 tested antibiotics (chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, kanamycin, novobiocin, penicillin, and streptomycin) was observed in all tested isolates. qAD isolates remained susceptible to antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of listeriosis (i.e., ampicillin and gentamicin). The whole genome sequencing of qAD strains, followed by comparative genomic analysis, revealed several mutations in fepR, the regulator for FepA fluoroquinolone efflux pump. The results suggest that mutations in fepR play a role in the reduction in antibiotic susceptibility following low level adaptation to cQAC. Further investigation into the cross-resistance mechanisms and pressures leading to the development of this phenomenon among L. monocytogenes isolates recovered from different sources is needed to better understand the likelihood of cross-resistance development in food chain isolates and the implications for the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bland
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Joy Waite-Cusic
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Alexandra J Weisberg
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Riutta
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jeff H Chang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jovana Kovacevic
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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15
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Byun KH, Ha Han S, Woo Choi M, Hong Park S, Ha SD. Effect of sublethal concentrations of bactericidal antibiotics on mutation frequency and stress response of Listeria monocytogenes. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110903. [PMID: 34980420 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate sublethal concentrations (SLC) of bactericidal antibiotics (ampicillin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and vancomycin) on the mutation frequency and stress response of antibiotic-induced-mutated (AIM) Listeria monocytogenes. Three L. monocytogenes strains (reference, clinical, and food isolate strains) were used in this study. SLC of bactericidal antibiotics significantly increased the mutation frequency in L. monocytogenes. It was found that AIM L. monocytogenes had a superior biofilm-forming ability than nontreated L. monocytogenes. This result correlated with the amounts of EPS produced (polysaccharide and protein) in the early stage of biofilm formation. AIM L. monocytogenes showed strong viability under food-associated stress (thermal, osmotic, and acidic) compared to nontreated L. monocytogenes. In addition, expression levels of motility (flaA) and virulence genes (hlyA, actA, and prfA) of AIM L. monocytogenes were significantly downregulated in the reference strain but significantly upregulated or similar to the expression levels in the clinical and food isolate strains compared to nontreated L. monocytogenes. Based on our results, SLC of bactericidal antibiotics increased the mutation frequency in L. monocytogenes, facilitated the adaptation of the bacterium to food-associated stress, and led to an increase in its pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye-Hwan Byun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ha Han
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woo Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hong Park
- Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Operational culture conditions determinate benzalkonium chloride resistance in L. monocytogenes-E. coli dual species biofilms. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 360:109441. [PMID: 34717152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms pose a serious challenge to the food industry. Higher resistance of biofilms to any external stimuli is a major hindrance for their eradication. In this study, we compared the growth dynamics and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) resistance of dual species Listeria monocytogenes-Escherichia coli 48 h biofilms formed on stainless steel (SS) coupons surfaces under batch and fed-batch cultures. Differences between both operational culture conditions were evaluated in terms of total viable adhered cells (TVAC) in the coupons during 48 h of the mixed-culture and of reduction of viable adhered cells (RVAC) obtained after BAC-treatment of a 48 h biofilm of L. monocytogenes-E. coli formed under both culture conditions. Additionally, epifluorescence microscopy (EFM) and confocal scanning microscopy (CLSM) permitted to visualize the 2D and 3D biofilms structure, respectively. Observed results showed an increase in the TVAC of both strains during biofilm development, being the number of E. coli adhered cells higher than L. monocytogenes in both experimental systems (p < 0.05). Additionally, the number of both strains were higher approximately 2.0 log CFU/coupon in batch conditions compared to fed-batch system (p < 0.05). On the contrary, significantly higher resistance to BAC was observed in biofilms formed under fed-batch conditions. Furthermore, in batch system both strains had a similar reduction level of approximately 2.0 log CFU/coupon, while significantly higher resistance of E. coli compared to L. monocytogenes (reduction level of 0.69 and 1.72 log CFU/coupon, respectively) (p < 0.05) was observed in fed-batch system. Microscopic image visualization corroborated these results and showed higher complexity of 2D and 3D structures in dual species biofilms formed in batch cultures. Overall, we can conclude that the complexity of the biofilm structure does not always imply higher resistance to external stimuli, and highlights the need to mimic industrial operational conditions in the experimental systems in order to better assess the risk associated to the presence of pathogenic bacterial biofilms.
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17
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Yu H, Liu Y, Yang F, Xie Y, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Yao W. Combined an acoustic pressure simulation of ultrasonic radiation and experimental studies to evaluate control efficacy of high-intensity ultrasound against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 79:105764. [PMID: 34601447 PMCID: PMC8496304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated efficacy of high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) on controlling or stimulating Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Acoustic pressure distribution on the surface of glass slide cultivated S. aureus biofilm was first simulated as a standardized parameter to reflect sono-effect. When the power of HIU was 240 W with acoustic pressure of -1.38×105 Pa, a reasonably high clearance rate of S. aureus biofilm was achieved (96.02%). As an all-or-nothing technique, the HIU did not cause sublethal or injury of S. aureus but inactivate the cell directly. A further evaluation of HIU-induced stimulation of biofilm was conducted at a low power level (i.e. 60 W with acoustic pressure of -6.91×104 Pa). The low-power-long-duration HIU treatment promoted the formation of S. aureus biofilm and enhanced its resistance as proved by transcriptional changes of genes in S. aureus, including up-regulations of rbf, sigB, lrgA, icaA, icaD, and down-regulation of icaR. These results indicate that the choose of input power is determined during the HIU-based cleaning and processing. Otherwise, the growth of S. aureus and biofilm formation are stimulated when treats by an insufficiently high power of HIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Fangwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China.
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
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18
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Bland RN, Johnson JD, Waite-Cusic JG, Weisberg AJ, Riutta ER, Chang JH, Kovacevic J. Application of Whole Genome Sequencing to Understand Diversity and Presence of Genes Associated with Sanitizer Tolerance in Listeria monocytogenes from Produce Handling Sources. Foods 2021; 10:2454. [PMID: 34681501 PMCID: PMC8536156 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent listeriosis outbreaks linked to fresh produce suggest the need to better understand and mitigate L. monocytogenes contamination in packing and processing environments. Using whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phenotype screening assays for sanitizer tolerance, we characterized 48 L. monocytogenes isolates previously recovered from environmental samples in five produce handling facilities. Within the studied population there were 10 sequence types (STs) and 16 cgMLST types (CTs). Pairwise single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ranged from 0 to 3047 SNPs within a CT, revealing closely and distantly related isolates indicative of both sporadic and continuous contamination events within the facility. Within Facility 1, we identified a closely related cluster (0-2 SNPs) of isolates belonging to clonal complex 37 (CC37; CT9492), with isolates recovered during sampling events 1-year apart and in various locations inside and outside the facility. The accessory genome of these CC37 isolates varied from 94 to 210 genes. Notable genetic elements and mutations amongst the isolates included the bcrABC cassette (2/48), associated with QAC tolerance; mutations in the actA gene on the Listeria pathogenicity island (LIPI) 1 (20/48); presence of LIPI-3 (21/48) and LIPI-4 (23/48). This work highlights the potential use of WGS in tracing the pathogen within a facility and understanding properties of L. monocytogenes in produce settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca N. Bland
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97209, USA;
| | - Jared D. Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (J.D.J.); (J.G.W.-C.)
| | - Joy G. Waite-Cusic
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (J.D.J.); (J.G.W.-C.)
| | - Alexandra J. Weisberg
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.W.); (E.R.R.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Elizabeth R. Riutta
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.W.); (E.R.R.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Jeff H. Chang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.W.); (E.R.R.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Jovana Kovacevic
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97209, USA;
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19
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Nowak J, Visnovsky SB, Pitman AR, Cruz CD, Palmer J, Fletcher GC, Flint S. Biofilm Formation by Listeria monocytogenes 15G01, a Persistent Isolate from a Seafood-Processing Plant, Is Influenced by Inactivation of Multiple Genes Belonging to Different Functional Groups. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e02349-20. [PMID: 33741610 PMCID: PMC8117777 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02349-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous foodborne pathogen that results in a high rate of mortality in sensitive and immunocompromised people. Contamination of food with L. monocytogenes is thought to occur during food processing, most often as a result of the pathogen producing a biofilm that persists in the environment and acting as the source for subsequent dispersal of cells onto food. A survey of seafood-processing plants in New Zealand identified the persistent strain 15G01, which has a high capacity to form biofilms. In this study, a transposon library of L. monocytogenes 15G01 was screened for mutants with altered biofilm formation, assessed by a crystal violet assay, to identify genes involved in biofilm formation. This screen identified 36 transposants that showed a significant change in biofilm formation compared to the wild type. The insertion sites were in 27 genes, 20 of which led to decreased biofilm formation and seven to an increase. Two insertions were in intergenic regions. Annotation of the genes suggested that they are involved in diverse cellular processes, including stress response, autolysis, transporter systems, and cell wall/membrane synthesis. Analysis of the biofilms produced by the transposants using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy showed notable differences in the structure of the biofilms compared to the wild type. In particular, inactivation of uvrB and mltD produced coccoid-shaped cells and elongated cells in long chains, respectively, and the mgtB mutant produced a unique biofilm with a sandwich structure which was reversed to the wild-type level upon magnesium addition. The mltD transposant was successfully complemented with the wild-type gene, whereas the phenotypes were not or only partially restored for the remaining mutants.IMPORTANCE The major source of contamination of food with Listeria monocytogenes is thought to be due to biofilm formation and/or persistence in food-processing plants. By establishing as a biofilm, L. monocytogenes cells become harder to eradicate due to their increased resistance to environmental threats. Understanding the genes involved in biofilm formation and their influence on biofilm structure will help identify new ways to eliminate harmful biofilms in food processing environments. To date, multiple genes have been identified as being involved in biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes; however, the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study identified four genes associated with biofilm formation by a persistent strain. Extensive microscopic analysis illustrated the effect of the disruption of mgtB, clsA, uvrB, and mltD and the influence of magnesium on the biofilm structure. The results strongly suggest an involvement in biofilm formation for the four genes and provide a basis for further studies to analyze gene regulation to assess the specific role of these biofilm-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Nowak
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Sandra B Visnovsky
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Andrew R Pitman
- The Foundation for Arable Research, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Cristina D Cruz
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jon Palmer
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Graham C Fletcher
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Steve Flint
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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20
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Synergistic efficacy of high-intensity ultrasound and chlorine dioxide combination for Staphylococcus aureus biofilm control. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Joerger RD, Ganguli A, Wachira J, Hardy Q. Evaluation of sodium hypochlorite and peroxyacetic acid to prevent transfer of surface‐attached
Listeria monocytogenes
to produce. J Food Saf 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf D. Joerger
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| | - Arpeeta Ganguli
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| | - Juliet Wachira
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| | - Quincy Hardy
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
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22
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Gonçalves J, Luís Â, Gradillas A, García A, Restolho J, Fernández N, Domingues F, Gallardo E, Duarte AP. Ayahuasca Beverages: Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110731. [PMID: 33114334 PMCID: PMC7690887 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive beverage, originally consumed by indigenous Amazon tribes, of which consumption has been increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile, as well as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of decoctions of four individual plants, a commercial mixture and four mixtures of two individual plants used in the Ayahuasca preparation. For this purpose, a phytochemical characterization was performed, determining the content of flavonoids, total phenolic compounds, and analyzing the phenolic profile. Besides, 48 secondary metabolites were investigated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS) and their concentration estimated with real standards when present. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by both the β-carotene bleaching test and DPPH free radical scavenging assay, and the anti-inflammatory activity was determined by a protein denaturation method. Finally, the antimicrobial properties were evaluated using the disc diffusion assay, resazurin microtiter method, anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm activity assays. The obtained results showed that, in general, the samples have a high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids with noticeable differences, reflecting on remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Significant antimicrobial properties were also observed, with emphasis on the effect of B. caapi and P. harmala on planktonic and biofilm cells of A. baumannii, inhibiting both the biofilm formation and the production of violacein pigment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gonçalves
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBI Medical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Luís
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBI Medical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
- Correspondence: (Â.L.); (E.G.); Tel.: +351-275-329-002/3 (Â.L.); +351-275-329-002/3 (E.G.)
| | - Ana Gradillas
- CEMBIO, Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonia García
- CEMBIO, Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.)
| | - José Restolho
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
| | - Nicolás Fernández
- Cátedra de Toxicología y Química Legal, Laboratorio de Asesoramiento Toxicológico Analítico (CENATOXA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Fernanda Domingues
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
| | - Eugenia Gallardo
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBI Medical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
- Correspondence: (Â.L.); (E.G.); Tel.: +351-275-329-002/3 (Â.L.); +351-275-329-002/3 (E.G.)
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBI Medical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
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23
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Dygico LK, Gahan CGM, Grogan H, Burgess CM. Examining the efficacy of mushroom industry biocides on Listeria monocytogenes biofilm. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1106-1116. [PMID: 32350966 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of new and currently used biocides in the mushroom industry for inactivating Listeria monocytogenes biofilm. METHODS AND RESULTS A laboratory-scale study was initially carried out to test the efficacy of eleven biocidal products against a cocktail of five L. monocytogenes strains that were grown to 3-day biofilms on stainless steel coupons. Biocidal efficacy was then tested under clean and dirty conditions based on the EN 13697:2015 method. The results for the biocides tested ranged between 1·7-log and 6-log reduction of biofilm, with only the efficacy of the sodium hypochlorite-based biocide being significantly reduced in dirty conditions. A pilot-scale trial was then carried out on a subset of biocides against L. monocytogenes on concrete floors in a mushroom growing room and it was found that biocide efficacy in laboratory-scale did not translate well in pilot-scale. CONCLUSIONS Biocides that are used in the mushroom industry and potential alternative biocides were determined to be effective against L. monocytogenes biofilm in both laboratory-scale and pilot-scale experiments. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study has direct impact for the industry as it provides information on the efficacy of currently used biocides and other biocidal products against L. monocytogenes, an added benefit to their primary use.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Dygico
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - C G M Gahan
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - H Grogan
- Horticulture Development Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - C M Burgess
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
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24
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Lacombe A, Antosch JG, Wu VCH. Scale‐up model of forced air‐integrated gaseous chlorine dioxide for the decontamination of lowbush blueberries. J Food Saf 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Lacombe
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service Albany California USA
| | | | - Vivian C. H. Wu
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service Albany California USA
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25
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Yu H, Liu Y, Li L, Guo Y, Xie Y, Cheng Y, Yao W. Ultrasound-involved emerging strategies for controlling foodborne microbial biofilms. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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26
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Interaction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with Listeria innocua in dual species biofilms and inactivation following disinfectant treatments. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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27
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Meloni D. High-Hydrostatic-Pressure (HHP) Processing Technology as a Novel Control Method for Listeria monocytogenes Occurrence in Mediterranean-Style Dry-Fermented Sausages. Foods 2019; 8:E672. [PMID: 31842401 PMCID: PMC6963505 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although conventional microbial control techniques are currently employed and largely successful, their major drawbacks are related to their effects on quality of processed food. In recent years, there has been a growing demand for high-quality foods that are microbially safe and retain most of their natural freshness. Therefore, several modern and innovative methods of microbial control in food processing have been developed. High-hydrostatic-pressure (HHP) processing technology has been mainly used to enhance the food safety of ready-to-eat (RTE) products as a new pre-/post-packaging, non-thermal purification method in the meat industry. Listeria monocytogenes is a pertinent target for microbiological safety and shelf-life; due to its capacity to multiply in a broad range of food environments, is extremely complicated to prevent in fermented-sausage-producing plants. The frequent detection of L. monocytogenes in final products emphasizes the necessity for the producers of fermented sausages to correctly overcome the hurdles of the technological process and to prevent the presence of L. monocytogenes by applying novel control techniques. This review discusses a collection of recent studies describing pressure-induced elimination of L. monocytogenes in fermented sausages produced in the Mediterranean area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Meloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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28
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Mohan V, Wibisono R, de Hoop L, Summers G, Fletcher GC. Identifying Suitable Listeria innocua Strains as Surrogates for Listeria monocytogenes for Horticultural Products. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2281. [PMID: 31649633 PMCID: PMC6794387 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A laboratory-based study testing 9 Listeria innocua strains independently and a cocktail of 11 Listeria monocytogenes strains was carried out. The aim was to identify suitable L. innocua strain(s) to model L. monocytogenes in inactivation experiments. Three separate inactivation procedures and a hurdle combination of the three were employed: thermal inactivation (55°C), UV-C irradiation (245 nm), and chemical sanitizer (TsunamiTM 100, a mixture of acetic acid, peroxyacetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide). The responses were strain dependent in the case of L. innocua with different strains responding differently to different regimes and L. innocua isolates generally responded differently to the L. monocytogenes cocktail. In the thermal inactivation treatment, inactivation of all strains including the L. monocytogenes cocktail plateaued after 120 min. In the case of chemical sanitizer, inactivation could be achieved at concentrations of 10 and 20 ppm with inactivation increasing with contact time up to 8 min, beyond which there was no significant benefit. All L. innocua strains except PFR16D08 were more sensitive than the L. monocytogenes cocktail to the hurdle treatment. PFR16D08 almost matched the resistance of the L. monocytogenes cocktail but was much more resistant to the individual treatments. A cocktail of two L. innocua strains (PFR 05A07 and PFR 05A10) had the closest responses to the hurdle treatment to those of the L. monocytogenes cocktail and is therefore recommended for hurdle experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Graham C. Fletcher
- Food Safety and Preservation Team, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
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29
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Luís Â, Pereira L, Domingues F, Ramos A. Development of a carboxymethyl xylan film containing licorice essential oil with antioxidant properties to inhibit the growth of foodborne pathogens. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Reis‐Teixeira FB, Sousa IP, Alves VF, Furtado NAJC, De Martinis ECP. Evaluation of lemongrass and ginger essential oils to inhibit
Listeria monocytogenes
in biofilms. J Food Saf 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Barbosa Reis‐Teixeira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP)Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ingrid Pontes Sousa
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP)Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
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31
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Evert-Arriagada K, Trujillo AJ, Amador-Espejo GG, Hernández-Herrero MM. High pressure processing effect on different Listeria spp. in a commercial starter-free fresh cheese. Food Microbiol 2018; 76:481-486. [PMID: 30166177 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, both microbial inactivation and growth of Listeria spp. inoculated in commercial free-starter fresh cheese was evaluated after high-pressure processing (HPP). HPP conditions (300, 400, 500 and 600 MPa at 6 °C for 5 min) and inoculum level (3-4 or 6-7 log CFU/g of cheese), as well as differences among strains inoculated (Listeria innocua, L. monocytogenes CECT 4031 and L. monocytogenes Scott A) were investigated. Inactivation and generation of sublethal injury were determined after HPP using ALOA (Agar Listeria according to Ottaviani and Agosti) and TAL (Thin Agar Layer) plating methods, respectively. Listeria inactivation increased with the pressure applied, presenting some statistical differences between the employed strains, inoculum level and sublethal injury. The highest lethality values were obtained at 600 MPa for the three strains tested, although the 500 MPa treatment presented high lethality for L. innocua and L. monocytogenes CECT 4031. After treatment, L. innocua and L. monocytogenes CECT 4031 counts in fresh cheese increased gradually during cold storage. By contrast, counts in cheeses inoculated with L. monocytogenes Scott A did not change significantly (p ≥ 0.05), being this strain the most pressure resistant and with the slowest growth rate. The manuscript present information supporting that, strains with high-level resistance should be employed during inactivation studies, instead of surrogate microorganisms. Application of HPP treatments of 500 MPa and especially 600 MPa on fresh cheeses would be effective to eliminate the most resistant microorganism to a level that should not present a public health risk under normal conditions of distribution and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Evert-Arriagada
- Centre d'Innovació, Recerca i Transferència en Tecnologia dels Aliments (CIRTTA), XaRTA, TECNIO, MALTA Consolider, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A J Trujillo
- Centre d'Innovació, Recerca i Transferència en Tecnologia dels Aliments (CIRTTA), XaRTA, TECNIO, MALTA Consolider, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - G G Amador-Espejo
- Cátedras CONACYT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Tepetitla de Lardizabal, 90700, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - M M Hernández-Herrero
- Centre d'Innovació, Recerca i Transferència en Tecnologia dels Aliments (CIRTTA), XaRTA, TECNIO, MALTA Consolider, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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32
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Pu C, Tang W. The antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacies of a liposomal peptide originating from rice bran protein against Listeria monocytogenes. Food Funct 2018; 8:4159-4169. [PMID: 29022979 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of exploring a natural antilisterial peptide from food-derived origin, an antibacterial peptide named as Alpep7 was purified from the bromelain hydrolysate of rice bran protein (RBP) in this study. The resulting amino acid consequence was identified as KVDHFPL (Lys-Val-Asp-His-Phe-Pro-Leu) by ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI Q-TOF MS). In addition, to assess the probability of the targeted delivery of liposome encapsulation of the peptide to Listeria biofilm, Alpep7-loaded liposomes were further prepared from a mixture of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, stearylamine and cholesterol in a molar ratio of 10 : 3 : 2 and characterised by the analysis of particle size, zeta potential, microtopography and storage stability. The results showed that the liposomes exhibited a well-defined spherical shape, with an average diameter below 200 nm. The liposomes maintained favourable stability after storage at 4 °C for 4 weeks. Comparisons between the activities of free and liposomal Alpep7 via microbroth dilution, regrowth analysis and confocal scanning laser microscopy suggested that liposomal delivery was more effective during the initial exposure of the liposomes to the biofilms. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption of liposomal Alpep7 to the listerial biofilm was a spontaneous, exothermic process. The results may provide a natural means for the treatment of listerial contamination and guide the potential application of liposomes for the targeted delivery of antimicrobials to pathogenic biofilms in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfen Pu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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33
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Jiang X, Yu T, Liu L, Li Y, Zhang K, Wang H, Shi L. Examination of Quaternary Ammonium Compound Resistance in Proteus mirabilis Isolated from Cooked Meat Products in China. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2417. [PMID: 29312157 PMCID: PMC5732425 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the presence of genes responsible for resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) and the association of qac genes with class 1 integrons in Proteus mirabilis isolated from cooked meat products. A total of 52 P. mirabilis isolates (29.2%) were detected from 178 samples, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of benzalkonium chloride (BC) ranged from 4 to >32 μg/mL. The isolates with BC MICs of 24 μg/mL were observed most frequently. PCR assays indicated that mdfA, ydgE/ydgF, qacE, qacEΔ1, emrE, sugE(c), and sugE(p) were commonly present (32.7%-100%) in these isolates, but qacH was less prevalent (3.8%). Five groups of resistance gene cassettes were identified in 10 intI1-positive isolates. An unusual gene cassette array dfrA32-ereA-aadA2 was found in one foodborne isolate of P. mirabilis. Two isolates harbored qacH- and sul3- associated non-classic integrons: aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 and a new arrangement dfrA32-ereA1-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3, which is first reported in P. mirabilis. Non-classic class 1 integrons were located on conjugative plasmids of 100 kb in two tested isolates. Our data showed that the QAC resistance genes were commonly present among P. mirabilis isolates from cooked meats and qacH was associated with non-classic class 1 integrons. The creation of transconjugants demonstrated that qacH-associated non-classic class 1 integrons were located on conjugative plasmids and therefore could facilitate the co-dissemination of disinfectant and antimicrobial resistance genes among bacteria, an increasing area of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tao Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hailei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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34
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Henriques A, Fraqueza M. Biofilm-forming ability and biocide susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from the ready-to-eat meat-based food products food chain. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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35
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Prevalence, serotype diversity, biofilm-forming ability and eradication of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from diverse foods in Shanghai, China. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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36
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Costa A, Bertolotti L, Brito L, Civera T. Biofilm Formation and Disinfectant Susceptibility of Persistent and Nonpersistent Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from Gorgonzola Cheese Processing Plants. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 13:602-609. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Luigi Bertolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Luisa Brito
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food/Laboratório de Microbiologia, DRAT-Departamento dos Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiziana Civera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
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37
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Piet J, Kieran J, Dara L, Avelino AOONE. Listeria monocytogenes in food: Control by monitoring the food processing environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajmr2015.7832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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38
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Jiang X, Yu T, Liang Y, Ji S, Guo X, Ma J, Zhou L. Efflux pump-mediated benzalkonium chloride resistance in Listeria monocytogenes isolated from retail food. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 217:141-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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39
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Torlak E, Gökmen M, Aydemir S. Efficacy of disinfectants againstCronobacterbiofilm on plastic surfaces. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2014.0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Torlak
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 42090 Konya, Turkey
| | - M. Gökmen
- Balıkesir University, Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, 10145 Balıkesir, Turkey
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40
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Yeater MC, Kirsch KR, Taylor TM, Mitchell J, Osburn WN. Effectiveness of sanitizing products on controlling selected pathogen surrogates on retail deli slicers. J Food Prot 2015; 78:707-15. [PMID: 25836395 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the efficacy of quaternary ammonium chloride-based wet foam (WF) and dry foam (DF) sanitizer systems (600 ppm) for reducing Listeria innocua (a nonpathogenic surrogate of Listeria monocytogenes) or a 100.0 μg/ml rifampin-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium LT2 (a nonpathogenic surrogate of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium) on niche and transfer point areas of an unwashed retail deli slicer as compared with traditional chlorine (Cl(-)) treatment (200 ppm) and (ii) to compare sanitizer surface contact times (10 and 15 min) for pathogen surrogate control. Turkey frankfurter slurries inoculated with L. innocua or Salmonella Typhimurium were used to inoculate seven high-risk sites on a commercial slicer. After 30 min of bacterial attachment, slicers were dry wiped to remove excess food matter, followed by a randomly assigned sanitizer treatment. Surviving pathogen surrogate cells were enumerated on modified Oxford's agar not containing antimicrobic supplement (L. innocua) or on tryptic soy agar supplemented with 100 μg/ml rifampin (Salmonella Typhimurium LT2). Replicate-specific L. innocua and Salmonella Typhimurium reductions were calculated as log CFU per square centimeter of control minus log CFU per square centimeter of enumerated survivors for each site. For both organisms, all sanitizer treatments differed from each other, with Cl(-) producing the least reduction and WF the greatest reduction. A significant (P < 0.05) site-by-treatment interaction was observed. The results of the study indicate that quaternary ammonium chloride sanitizers (600 ppm) applied by both WF and DF were more effective at reducing L. innocua and Salmonella Typhimurium than a traditional Cl sanitizer (200 ppm) on unwashed slicer surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Yeater
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2471, USA
| | - Katie R Kirsch
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2253, USA
| | - T Matthew Taylor
- Department of Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2471, USA
| | - Jeff Mitchell
- Chemstar Corporation, 120 Interstate West Parkway, Lithia Springs, Georgia 30122, USA
| | - Wesley N Osburn
- Department of Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2471, USA.
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41
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Meloni D. Presence of Listeria monocytogenes in Mediterranean-Style Dry Fermented Sausages. Foods 2015; 4:34-50. [PMID: 28231188 PMCID: PMC5302228 DOI: 10.3390/foods4010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphological, physiological and epidemiological features of L. monocytogenes, together with the severity of human listeriosis infections, make L. monocytogenes of particular concern for manufacturers of cold-stored "ready to eat" (RTE) foods. L. monocytogenes has been isolated from a wide variety of RTE foods and is responsible for several outbreaks associated with the consumption of RTE meat, poultry, dairy, fish and vegetable products. Although L. monocytogenes is among the most frequently-detected pathogens in dry fermented sausages, these products could be included in the category of RTE products in which the growth of L. monocytogenes is not favored and have rarely been implicated in listeriosis outbreaks. However, L. monocytogenes is highly difficult to control in fermented sausage processing environments due to its high tolerance to low pH and high salt concentration. In many Mediterranean-style dry fermented sausages, an empirical application of the hurdle technology often occurs and the frequent detection of L. monocytogenes in these products at the end of ripening highlights the need for food business operators to properly apply hurdle technology and to control the contamination routes of L. monocytogenes in the processing plants. In the following, through an up-to-date review of (personal and un-) published data, the main aspects of the presence of L. monocytogenes in Mediterranean-style dry fermented sausages will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Meloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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da Silva Fernandes M, Kabuki DY, Kuaye AY. Behavior of Listeria monocytogenes in a multi-species biofilm with Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium and control through sanitation procedures. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 200:5-12. [PMID: 25655573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The formation of mono-species biofilm (Listeria monocytogenes) and multi-species biofilms (Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, and L. monocytogenes) was evaluated. In addition, the effectiveness of sanitation procedures for the control of the multi-species biofilm also was evaluated. The biofilms were grown on stainless steel coupons at various incubation temperatures (7, 25 and 39°C) and contact times (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days). In all tests, at 7°C, the microbial counts were below 0.4 log CFU/cm(2) and not characteristic of biofilms. In mono-species biofilm, the counts of L. monocytogenes after 8 days of contact were 4.1 and 2.8 log CFU/cm(2) at 25 and 39°C, respectively. In the multi-species biofilms, Enterococcus spp. were present at counts of 8 log CFU/cm(2) at 25 and 39°C after 8 days of contact. However, the L. monocytogenes in multi-species biofilms was significantly affected by the presence of Enterococcus spp. and by temperature. At 25°C, the growth of L. monocytogenes biofilms was favored in multi-species cultures, with counts above 6 log CFU/cm(2) after 8 days of contact. In contrast, at 39°C, a negative effect was observed for L. monocytogenes biofilm growth in mixed cultures, with a significant reduction in counts over time and values below 0.4 log CFU/cm(2) starting at day 4. Anionic tensioactive cleaning complemented with another procedure (acid cleaning, disinfection or acid cleaning+disinfection) eliminated the multi-species biofilms under all conditions tested (counts of all micro-organisms<0.4 log CFU/cm(2)). Peracetic acid was the most effective disinfectant, eliminating the multi-species biofilms under all tested conditions (counts of the all microorganisms <0.4 log CFU/cm(2)). In contrast, biguanide was the least effective disinfectant, failing to eliminate biofilms under all the test conditions.
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43
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Torlak E, Gökmen M, Aydemir S. Efficacy of disinfectants against <i>Cronobacter</i> biofilm on plastic surfaces. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2013.0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Chaitiemwong N, Hazeleger WC, Beumer RR. Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes by disinfectants and bacteriophages in suspension and stainless steel carrier tests. J Food Prot 2014; 77:2012-20. [PMID: 25474045 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To simulate food contact surfaces with pits or cracks, stainless steel plates with grooves (depths between 0.2 and 5 mm) were constructed. These plates were artificially contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes in clean conditions, with organic soiling, or after 14 days of biofilm formation after which inactivation of the pathogen by Suma Tab D4 (sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 240 and 300 mg/liter), Suma Bac D10 (quaternary ammonium compound, 740 mg/liter), and bacteriophage suspension (Listex P100) was determined. Both chemical disinfectants performed well in suspension tests and in clean carrier tests according to the European standard with a reduction of more than 5 and 4 log units, respectively, of Listeria cells after 5 min of contact time. However, for the plates with grooves, the reduction could not meet the standard requirement, although a higher reduction of L. monocytogenes was observed in the shallow grooves compared with the deeper grooves. Furthermore, presence of food residues and biofilm reduced the effect of the disinfectants especially in the deep grooves, which was dependent on type of food substrate. Bacteriophages showed the best antimicrobial effect compared with the chemical disinfectants (sodium dichloroisocyanurate and quaternary ammonium compound) in most cases in the shallow grooves, but not in the deep grooves. The chlorine based disinfectants were usually less effective than quaternary ammonium compound. The results clearly demonstrate that surfaces with grooves influenced the antimicrobial effect of the chemical disinfectants and bacteriophages because the pathogen is protected in the deep grooves. The use of bacteriophages to inactivate pathogens on surfaces could be helpful in limited cases; however, use of large quantities in practice may be costly and phage-resistant strains may develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chaitiemwong
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - W C Hazeleger
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - R R Beumer
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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45
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Larsen MH, Dalmasso M, Ingmer H, Langsrud S, Malakauskas M, Mader A, Møretrø T, Smole Možina S, Rychli K, Wagner M, John Wallace R, Zentek J, Jordan K. Persistence of foodborne pathogens and their control in primary and secondary food production chains. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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46
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Zhu L, Chirase N, Ravishankar S. Use of Fulvic Acid or Sodium Silicate-Based Sanitizers to Inactivate L
isteria monocytogenes
, S
almonella
Typhimurium and P
seudomonas aeruginosa
on Food Contact Surfaces. J Food Saf 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zhu
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences; University of Arizona; 1117 E. Lowell Street Tucson AZ 85721
| | | | - Sadhana Ravishankar
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences; University of Arizona; 1117 E. Lowell Street Tucson AZ 85721
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47
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Application of highly purified electrolyzed chlorine dioxide for tilapia fillet disinfection. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:619038. [PMID: 24696651 PMCID: PMC3947783 DOI: 10.1155/2014/619038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to develop an electrolysis method to generate high-concentration chlorine dioxide (ClO2) for tilapia fillet disinfection. The designed generator produced up to 3500 ppm of ClO2 at up to 99% purity. Tilapia fillets were soaked in a 400 ppm ClO2 solution for 5, 10, and 25 min. Results show that total plate counts of tilapia, respectively, decreased by 5.72 to 3.23, 2.10, and 1.09 log CFU/g. In addition, a 200 ppm ClO2 solution eliminated coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli in 5 min with shaking treatment. Furthermore, ClO2 and trihalomethanes (THMs) residuals on tilapia fillets were analyzed by GC/MS and were nondetectable (GC-MS detection limit was 0.12 ppb). The results conform to Taiwan's environmental protection regulations and act governing food sanitation.
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48
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Orgaz B, Puga C, Martínez-Suárez J, SanJose C. Biofilm recovery from chitosan action: A possible clue to understand Listeria monocytogenes persistence in food plants. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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dos Anjos MM, Ruiz SP, Nakamura CV, de Abreu Filho BA. Resistance of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores and biofilm to industrial sanitizers. J Food Prot 2013; 76:1408-13. [PMID: 23905797 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the adhesion and biofilm formation of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris on industrial orange juice processing equipment and the bactericidal efficacy of peracetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, and quaternary ammonia after biofilm formation. The efficacy of these sanitizers against the spores of this microorganism was also evaluated. Stainless steel and nylon surfaces exhibited higher cell adhesion levels than did polyvinyl chloride surfaces. Peracetic acid was the most effective in removing biofilms from all surfaces (P < 0.05) and also reduced bacterial counts by 3 log CFU/cm² on the surface of polyvinyl chloride, but the other sanitizers also reduced the bacterial counts by 2 log CFU/cm². Quaternary ammonia exhibited the optimal minimum sporicidal concentration, preventing spore germination after only 15 s of contact at a concentration of 82 ppm. The flow cytometry results indicated that the spores and cells had low incidences of plasma membrane lysis after treatment with sanitizer, suggesting that lysis is not the principal mode of action for these sanitizers on A. acidoterrestris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Maria dos Anjos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
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Torlak E, Sert D. Combined effect of benzalkonium chloride and ultrasound against Listeria monocytogenes
biofilm on plastic surface. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013; 57:220-6. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Torlak
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Necmettin Erbakan University; Meram Konya Turkey
| | - D. Sert
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Engineering and Architecture; Necmettin Erbakan University; Meram Konya Turkey
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