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Gong XX, Cao LH, Ni HX, Zang ZY, Chang H. Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy: From clinical evidence to potential mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118179. [PMID: 38636575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a typical chronic microvascular complication of diabetes, characterized by proteinuria and a gradual decline in renal function. At present, there are limited clinical interventions aimed at preventing the progression of DN to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, Chinese herbal medicine presents a distinct therapeutic approach that can be effectively combined with conventional Western medicine treatments to safeguard renal function. This combination holds considerable practical implications for the treatment of DN. AIM OF THE STUDY This review covers commonly used Chinese herbal remedies and decoctions applicable to various types of DN, and we summarize the role played by their active ingredients in the treatment of DN and their mechanisms, which includes how they might improve inflammation and metabolic abnormalities to provide new ideas to cope with the development of DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS With the keywords "diabetic nephropathy," "Chinese herbal medicine," "clinical effectiveness," and "bioactive components," we conducted an extensive literature search of several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang database, to discover studies on herbal formulas that were effective in slowing the progression of DN. The names of the plants covered in the review have been checked at MPNS (http://mpns.kew.org). RESULTS This review demonstrates the superior total clinical effective rate of combining Chinese herbal medicines with Western medicines over the use of Western medicines alone, as evidenced by summarizing the results of several clinical trials. Furthermore, the review highlights the nephroprotective effects of seven frequently used herbs exerting beneficial effects such as podocyte repair, anti-fibrosis of renal tissues, and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism through multiple signaling pathways in the treatment of DN. CONCLUSIONS The potential of herbs in treating DN is evident from their excellent effectiveness and the ability of different herbs to target various symptoms of the condition. However, limitations arise from the deficiencies in interfacing with objective bioindicators, which hinder the integration of herbal therapies into modern medical practice. Further research is warranted to address these limitations and enhance the compatibility of herbal therapies with contemporary medical standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Gong
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Lin-Hai Cao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Hong-Xia Ni
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Zi-Yan Zang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Hui Chang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Zhang M, Li Q, Nie L, Hai P, Zhang W, Caiji W, Liang W, Zhang H, Zang H. Nondestructive rapid identification of wild Cordyceps sinensis with portable instrument. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023. [PMID: 38035800 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a precious medicinal fungus. Wild CS (WCS) and artificial CS (ACS) are destroyed for their identification using traditional methods, which are time consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a nondestructive identification method to rapidly screen WCS. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to provide technical support for rapid screening of CS and evaluation of its quality. The applicability of the model was improved through model transfer. METHODS In this study, continuous wavelet transform was used to analyze the differences in moisture content and active components between WCS and ACS from the perspective of characteristic molecular groups. A portable instrument and a laboratory benchtop instrument were used to determine CS spectra. Partial least squares discrimination analysis was conducted for the identification of WCS and ACS while preserving the original shape of CS. Moreover, improved principal component analysis was utilized to transfer the model between the two types of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) instruments. RESULTS The results demonstrated that three peaks, at 1443, 1941, and 2183 nm, were characteristic absorption peaks. The model based on NIRS could initially provide rapid differentiation between WCS and ACS. At the same time, the accuracy of the external test set was further improved to over 95% through forward transfer. CONCLUSION Therefore, this method could be used for rapid screening of WCS and provides technical support for the nondestructive identification of CS and initial assessment of CS quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Zhang
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qin Li
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Nie
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Hai
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Modernization of Chinese and Tibetan Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese and Tibetan Medicine Quality Control of National Medical Products Administration, Qinghai Institute for Drug Control, Xining, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Modernization of Chinese and Tibetan Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese and Tibetan Medicine Quality Control of National Medical Products Administration, Qinghai Institute for Drug Control, Xining, China
| | - Wangmao Caiji
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenyan Liang
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hengchang Zang
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Isolation, structural characterization and neuroprotective activity of exopolysaccharide from Paecilomyces cicada TJJ1213. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1034-1046. [PMID: 33974925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two exopolysaccharide fractions (EPS1 and EPS2) were obtained from Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ 1213, and their structures were elucidated. The EPS1 and EPS2 were mainly composed of mannose and galactose with molar ratios of 3.2: 1.0 and 2.7: 1.0, respectively. They possessed average molecular weights of 1.69 × 106 and 8.06 × 105 Da, respectively. Structural characterization indicated that the backbone of EPS1 was consisted of →4)-α-D-Manp (1→, →3,4)-α-D-Manp (1 → and →2,6)-α-D-Manp (1→, →6)-α-D-Galp (1→, →6)-β-D-Galp (1→, and side chain was consisted of α-D-Manp residue. The backbone of EPS2 was composed of →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → and →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, and the branching point was also consisted of α-D-Manp residue. In addition, EPS1 and EPS2 had potential in protective effects of PC12 cells against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress by inhibiting the production of ROS, reducing LDH leakage and alleviating mitochondrial damage. These results indicated that EPS1 and EPS2 might serve as therapeutic agents for neuronal disorders.
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Sang Q, Pan Y, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Zhang H, Hu P. HPLC determination of massoia lactone in fermented Cordyceps sinensis mycelium Cs-4 and its anticancer activity in vitro. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13336. [PMID: 32713040 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The fermentation product of Cordyceps sinensis mycelium Cs-4 was commonly used as alternative substitutes of natural C. sinensis. Massoia lactone is the dominant component in the volatile oil of Cs-4 mycelium. In this research, we present a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the quantitation of massoia lactone in Cs-4 mycelium. The high and stable contents of massoia lactone with values of 2.98-3.77 mg/g, indicated that massoia lactone could be considered as a marker for the quality assessment of this product. The results of MTT and CCK-8 assay showed that Cs-4 mycelium volatiles exhibited cytotoxicity against eight malignant tumor cells (IC50 = 6.0-49.8 μg/ml) in comparison to the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (IC50 = 17.0-425.3 μg/ml), and massoia lactone might be the chemical basis for the anticancer effects of Cs-4 mycelium. Compared to the commercial drugs paclitaxel and docetaxel (IC50 = 253-1973 μg/ml), the Cs-4 mycelium volatiles and massoia lactone were discovered to possess inhibitory to taxol-resistant cell lines (IC50 = 1.5-8.6 μg/ml). PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Considering that there is still a lack of marker components distinctive to Cs-4 mycelium, the HPLC method represents a useful tool for the quality evaluation of Cs-4 mycelium. Moreover, the volatile oil of Cs-4 mycelium and massoia lactone have prominent anticancer property in vitro. It gives a clue that Cs-4 mycelium, the volatile oil and massoia lactone could be potentially employed in the food and medical industries for its anticancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingni Sang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, China
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, China
| | - Yuerong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Zhang WJ, Wang S, Kang CZ, Lv CG, Zhou L, Huang LQ, Guo LP. Pharmacodynamic material basis of traditional Chinese medicine based on biomacromolecules: a review. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:26. [PMID: 32140174 PMCID: PMC7049221 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules, the first components of bioactive substances in traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have wide bioactivity-related efficacy but have not yet been fully appreciated compared to small molecule components. The present review brings a novel and systemic point of view to deepen the understanding of the pharmacodynamic material basis of TCM based on biomacromolecules (polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids). Biomacromolecules have been, are and will have considerable roles in the efficacy of Chinese medicine, as evidenced by the number of biological activities related to traditional clinical efficacy. The direct and indirect mechanisms of biomacromolecules are further accounted for in a variety of neurotransmitters, hormones, and immune substances to maintain immune function in both sensitive and stable equilibrium. The biological functions of biomacromolecules have been elaborated on in regard to their roles in the process of plant growth and development to the relationship between primary metabolism and secondary metabolism and to the indispensable role of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids in the quality formation of TCM. Understanding the functional properties and mechanisms of biological macromolecules will help to demystify the drug properties and health benefits of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004 China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Chuan-zhi Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Chao-geng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Lan-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
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Zeng P, Li J, Chen Y, Zhang L. The structures and biological functions of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese herbs. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 163:423-444. [PMID: 31030757 PMCID: PMC7102684 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Most of traditional Chinese medicine substances come from herbal plants. The medicinal quality of herbal plants varies with the locations of cultivation, the parts of the herb collected, the season of the herb collected, and the herb processing method. Polysaccharides are major components of the herb plants and their biosynthesis is partly controlled by the genes but mostly influenced by the availability of the nutrition and determined by the various environmental factors. In recent decades, polysaccharides isolated from different kinds of Chinese herbs have received much attention due to their important biological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, radiation protecting, antiviral, hypolipidemic, and immunomodulatory activities. Interestingly, different batches of the same herb can obtain different polysaccharide fractions with subtle differences in molecular weight, monosaccharide compositions, glycosidic linkages, and biological functions. Even with these variations, a large number of bioactive polysaccharides from different kinds of traditional Chinese herbs have been purified, characterized, and reported. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest polysaccharide extraction methods and the strategies used for monosaccharide compositional analysis plus polysaccharide structural characterization. Most importantly, the reported chemical characteristics and biological activities of the polysaccharides from the famous traditional Chinese herbs including Astragalus membranaceus, Ginseng, Lycium barbarum, Angelica sinensis, Cordyceps sinensis, and Ophiopogon japonicus will be reviewed and discussed. The published studies provide evidence that polysaccharides from traditional Chinese herbs play an important role in their medical applications, which forms the basis for future research, development, and application of these polysaccharides as functional foods and therapeutics in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjiao Zeng
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,Corresponding authors:
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Medical Records, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,Corresponding authors:
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Olatunji OJ, Tang J, Tola A, Auberon F, Oluwaniyi O, Ouyang Z. The genus Cordyceps : An extensive review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Fitoterapia 2018; 129:293-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Huang D, Meran S, Nie SP, Midgley A, Wang J, Cui SW, Xie M, Phillips GO, Phillips AO. Cordyceps sinensis : Anti-fibrotic and inflammatory effects of a cultured polysaccharide extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Wang J, Nie S, Cui SW, Wang Z, Phillips AO, Phillips GO, Li Y, Xie M. Structural characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a glucan from natural Cordyceps sinensis. Food Hydrocoll 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Sun HQ, Zhu ZY, Yang XY, Meng M, Dai LC, Zhang YM. Preliminary characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a novel functional polysaccharide from Astragalus residue fermented by Paecilomyces sinensis. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01279a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An Astragalus residue was reutilized through solid-state fermentation by Paecilomyces sinensis, which is a member of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Zhen-Yuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Xue-Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Meng Meng
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Li-Cui Dai
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Yong-Min Zhang
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ. Paris 06
- Insititut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire
- CNRS UMR 8232
- 75005 Paris
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Structural elucidation, chain conformation and immuno-modulatory activity of glucogalactomannan from cultured Cordyceps sinensis fungus UM01. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Xu J, Huang Y, Chen XX, Zheng SC, Chen P, Mo MH. The Mechanisms of Pharmacological Activities of Ophiocordyceps sinensis Fungi. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1572-1583. [PMID: 27373780 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The entomopathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis, formerly known as Cordyceps sinensis, has long been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of many illnesses. In recent years its usage has increased dramatically because of the improvement of people's living standard and the emphasis on health. Such demands have resulted in over-harvesting of this fungus in the wild. Fortunately, scientists have demonstrated that artificially cultured and fermented mycelial products of O. sinensis have similar pharmacological activities to wild O. sinensis. The availability of laboratory cultures will likely to further expand its usage for the treatment of various illnesses. In this review, we summarize recent results on the pharmacological activities of the components of O. sinensis and their putative mechanisms of actions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Xiang-Xiang Chen
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Shuai-Chao Zheng
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ming-He Mo
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
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Mi JN, Wang JR, Jiang ZH. Quantitative profiling of sphingolipids in wild Cordyceps and its mycelia by using UHPLC-MS. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20870. [PMID: 26868933 PMCID: PMC4751452 DOI: 10.1038/srep20870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, 101 sphingolipids in wild Cordyceps and its five mycelia were quantitatively profiled by using a fully validated UHPLC-MS method. The results revealed that a general rank order for the abundance of different classes of sphingolipids in wild Cordyceps and its mycelia is sphingoid bases/ceramides > phosphosphingolipids > glycosphingolipids. However, remarkable sphingolipid differences between wild Cordyceps and its mycelia were observed. One is that sphingoid base is the dominant sphingolipid in wild Cordyceps, whereas ceramide is the major sphingolipid in mycelia. Another difference is that the abundance of sphingomyelins in wild Cordyceps is almost 10-folds higher than those in most mycelia. The third one is that mycelia contain more inositol phosphorylceramides and glycosphingolipids than wild Cordyceps. Multivariate analysis was further employed to visualize the difference among wild Cordyceps and different mycelia, leading to the identification of respective sphingolipids as potential chemical markers for the differentiation of wild Cordyceps and its related mycelia. This study represents the first report on the quantitative profiling of sphingolipids in wild Cordyceps and its related mycelia, which provided comprehensive chemical evidence for the quality control and rational utilization of wild Cordyceps and its mycelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ning Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jing-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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14
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A comparison of chemical composition, bioactive components and antioxidant activity of natural and cultured Cordyceps sinensis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.03.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Yan JK, Wang WQ, Wu JY. Recent advances in Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharides: Mycelial fermentation, isolation, structure, and bioactivities: A review. J Funct Foods 2014; 6:33-47. [PMID: 32362940 PMCID: PMC7185505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps (Ophiocordyceps sinensis) sinensis, the Chinese caterpillar fungus, is a unique and precious medicinal fungus in traditional Chinese medicine which has been used as a prestigious tonic and therapeutic herb in China for centuries. Polysaccharides are bioactive constituents of C. sinensis, exhibiting several activities such as immunomodulation, antitumour, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic. As natural C. sinensis fruiting body-caterpillar complexes are very rare and expensive, the polysaccharides documented over the last 15-20 years from this fungal species were mostly extracted from cultivated fungal mycelia (intracellular polysaccharides) or from mycelial fermentation broth (exopolysaccharides). Extraction and purification of the polysaccharides is a tedious process involving numerous steps of liquid and solid phase separations. Nevertheless, a large number of polysaccharide structures have been purified and elucidated. However, relationships between the structures and activities of these polysaccharides are not well established. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most recent developments in various aspects (i.e., production, extraction, structure, and bioactivity) of the intracellular and exopolysaccharides from mycelial fermentation of C. sinensis fungi. The contents and data will serve as useful references for further investigation, production and application of these polysaccharides in functional foods and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Kun Yan
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, PolyU Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Wang
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, PolyU Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, PolyU Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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16
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Wu Q, Jiang N, Bo Han W, Ning Mei Y, Ming Ge H, Kai Guo Z, Seik Weng N, Xiang Tan R. Antibacterial epipolythiodioxopiperazine and unprecedented sesquiterpene from Pseudallescheria boydii, a beetle (coleoptera)-associated fungus. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:9405-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01494d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pseudallescheria boydiiproduces four new epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) boydines A–D and two novel sesquiterpene boydenes A and B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Nan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Wen Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Ya Ning Mei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Hui Ming Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Ng Seik Weng
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia; and Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
| | - Ren Xiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| |
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