1
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Ghazani SM, Hargreaves J, Guldiken B, Mata A, Pensini E, Marangoni AG. Oleosome interfacial engineering to enhance their functionality in foods. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100682. [PMID: 38304001 PMCID: PMC10831160 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to increase the physical stability of native sunflower oleosomes to expand their range of applications in food. The first objective was to increase the stability and functionality of oleosomes to lower pH since most food products require a pH of 5.5 or lower for microbial stability. Native sunflower oleosomes had a pI of 6.2. One particularly effective strategy for long-term stabilization, both physical and microbial, was the addition of 40% (w/w) glycerol to the oleosomes plus homogenization, which decreased the pI to 5.3 as well as decreasing oleosome size, narrowing the size distribution and increasing colloidal stability. Interfacial engineering of oleosomes by coating them with lecithin and the polysaccharides xanthan and gellan, effectively increased stability, and lowered their pI to 3.0 for lecithin and lower than 3.0 for xanthan. Coating oleosomes also caused a greater absolute value of the ζ-potential; for example, this amount was shifted to -20 mV at pH 4.0 for xanthan and to -28 mV at pH 4.0 for lecithin, which provides electrostatic stabilization. Polysaccharides also provide steric stabilization, which is superior. A significant increase in the diameter of coated oleosomes was observed with lecithin, xanthan and gellan. The oleosome sample with 40% glycerol showed high storage stability at 4 °C (over three months). The addition of glycerol also decreased the water activity of the oleosome suspension to 0.85, which could prevent microbial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed M. Ghazani
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Erica Pensini
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Kara HH, Araiza-Calahorra A, Rigby NM, Sarkar A. Flaxseed oleosomes: Responsiveness to physicochemical stresses, tribological shear and storage. Food Chem 2024; 431:137160. [PMID: 37604004 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to extract oleosomes (OLs) from flaxseeds and assess their response to environmental conditions during storage (pH and ionic strengths), shear and tribological stresses. Our hypothesis was that a shear-induced instability will enable OLs to exhibit favourable lubrication performance. During storage, OLs exhibited resistance to droplet aggregation for up to 6 weeks owing to the proteins (3.5-152.8 kDa molecular weights) stabilizing the OL droplets. However, presence of divalent (Ca2+) ions induced destabilization with marked increase in droplet size (p < 0.05). OLs demonstrated shear thinning behaviour, displaying an order of magnitude higher viscosity than flaxseed oil (FSO) at low shear rates (<10 s-1). Strikingly, OLs mirrored the frictional profile of FSO regardless of entrainment speeds, due to droplet coalescence, validating the hypothesis. Such kinetic stability with shear-induced coalescing feature of OLs hold strong potential for future plant-based food development, particularly in achieving desired mouthfeel characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan H Kara
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Meram, Konya, Turkiye
| | - Andrea Araiza-Calahorra
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Neil M Rigby
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Anwesha Sarkar
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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3
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Farooq S, Ahmad MI, Ali U, Zhang H. Fabrication of curcumin-loaded oleogels using camellia oil bodies and gum arabic/chitosan coatings for controlled release applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127758. [PMID: 38287596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
This study has explored the potential of plant-derived oil bodies (OBs)-based oleogels as novel drug delivery systems for in vitro release under simulated physiological conditions. To obtain stable OBs-based oleogels, gum arabic (GA) and chitosan (CH) were coated onto the curcumin-loaded OBs using an electrostatic deposition technique, followed by 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzaldehyde (TB) induced Schiff-base cross-linking. Microstructural analyses indicated successful encapsulation of curcumin into the hydrophobic domain of the OBs through a pH-driven method combined with ultrasound treatment. The curcumin encapsulation efficiency of OBs increased up to 83.65 % and 92.18 % when GA and GA-CH coatings were applied, respectively, compared to uncoated OBs (63.47 %). In addition, GA-CH coatings retained the structural integrity of oleogel droplets with superior oil-holding capacity (99.07 %), while TB addition induced interconnected 3D-network structures with excellent gel strength (≥4.8 × 105 Pa) and thermal stability (≥80 °C). GA-CH coated oleogels appeared to provide the best protection for loaded bioactive against UV irradiation and high temperature-induced degradation during long-term storage. The combination of biopolymer coatings and TB-induced Schiff-base cross-linking synergistically hindered the simulated gastric degradability of oleogels, releasing only 23.35 %, 12.46 % and 7.19 % of curcumin by GA, GA-CH and GA-CH-TB stabilized oleogels, respectively, while also resulting in sustained release effects during intestinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Farooq
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Ijaz Ahmad
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Usman Ali
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314100, China.
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4
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Bleibach Alpiger S, Corredig M. Pectin polysaccharide contribution to oleosome extraction after wet milling of rapeseed. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113736. [PMID: 38129046 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Oleosomes are lipid composites providing energy storage in oilseeds. They possess a unique structure, comprised of a triglyceride core stabilized by a phospholipid-protein membrane, and they have shown potential to be used as ingredients in several food applications. Intact oleosomes are extracted by an aqueous process which includes soaking, milling, and gravitational separation. However, the details of the complexes formed between oleosomes, proteins and pectin polysaccharides during this extraction are not known. It was hypothesized that pectins play an important role during the oleosome separation, and different proteins will be complexed on the surface of the oleosomes, depending on the pH of extraction. Rapeseed extracts were treated with and without pectinase (Pectinex Ultra SP-L) and extracted at pH 5.7 or 8.5, as this will affect electrostatic complexation. Acidic conditions led to co-extraction of storage proteins, structured as dense oleosome emulsions, stabilized by a network of proteins and polysaccharides. Pectinase intensified this effect, highlighting pectic polysaccharides' role in bridging interactions among proteins and oleosomes under acidic conditions. The presence of this dense interstitial layer around the oleosomes protected them from coalescence during extraction. Conversely, under alkaline conditions, the extraction process yielded more purified oleosomes characterized by a larger particle size, most likely due to coalescence. Nevertheless, pectinase addition at pH 8.5 mitigated coalescence tendencies. These results contribute to a better understanding of the details of the colloidal complexes formed during extraction and can be used to modulate the composition of the extracted fractions, with significant consequences not only for yields and purity but also for the functional properties of the ingredients produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bleibach Alpiger
- Department of Food Science, CiFood Center, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, Skejby 8200, Denmark.
| | - Milena Corredig
- Department of Food Science, CiFood Center, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, Skejby 8200, Denmark.
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5
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Shi Z, Xu W, Geng M, Chen Z, Meng Z. Oil body-based one-step multiple phases and hybrid emulsion gels stabilized by sunflower wax and CMC: Application and optimization in 3D printing. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Preparation, characterization and digestive mechanism of plant-derived oil bodies-based oleogels structured by chitosan and vanillin. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Ghazani SM, Pensini E, Hargreaves J, Mata A, Guldiken B, Marangoni AG. Oleosome interfacial engineering to enhance their functionality in foods. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100465. [PMID: 36891546 PMCID: PMC9986503 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to increase the physical stability of native sunflower oleosomes to expand their range of applications in food. The first objective was to increase the stability and functionality of oleosomes to lower pH since most food products require a pH of 5.5 or lower for microbial stability. Native sunflower oleosomes had a pI of 6.2. One particularly effective strategy for long-term stabilization, both physical and microbial, was the addition of 40% (w/w) glycerol to the oleosomes plus homogenization, which decreased the pI to 5.3 as well as decreasing oleosome size, narrowing the size distribution and increasing colloidal stability. Interfacial engineering of oleosomes by coating them with lecithin and the polysaccharides xanthan and gellan, effectively increased stability, and lowered their pI to 3.0 for lecithin and lower than 3.0 for xanthan. Coating oleosomes also caused a greater absolute value of the ζ-potential; for example, this amount was shifted to -20 mV at pH 4.0 for xanthan and to -28 mV at pH 4.0 for lecithin, which provides electrostatic stabilization. Polysaccharides also provide steric stabilization, which is superior. A significant increase in the diameter of coated oleosomes was observed with lecithin, xanthan and gellan. The oleosome sample with 40% glycerol showed high storage stability at 4 °C (over three months). The addition of glycerol also decreased the water activity of the oleosome suspension to 0.85, which could prevent microbial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed M. Ghazani
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erica Pensini
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Study on oil body emulsion gels stabilized by composited polysaccharides through microgel particles compaction and natural gelation. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Yang N, Zhang Y, Su C, Zhu C, Jia J, Nishinari K. The effect of sodium alginate on the nanomechanical properties and interaction between oil body droplets studied using atomic force microscopy. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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10
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Farooq S, Ahmad MI, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Impact of interfacial layer number and Schiff base cross-linking on the microstructure, rheological properties and digestive lipolysis of plant-derived oil bodies-based oleogels. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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11
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Effects of Polysaccharide Concentrations on the Formation and Physical Properties of Emulsion-Templated Oleogels. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175391. [PMID: 36080162 PMCID: PMC9457889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An emulsion template method was an effective way to prepare oleogels. However, there were few reports on how hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-pectin (HPMC-PC) mixtures affected the physicochemical properties of the obtained oleogels. In this study, the oleogels were prepared by an emulsion template method. The influences of HPMC and PC concentrations on the formation and physical properties of the emulsions and oleogels were investigated, by analyzing particle size distribution, microstructure, rheological test, oil loss, and crystallinity. The results of particle sizes and microstructure showed that a high concentration of HPMC and PC exhibited a better emulsification performance. The rheological tests indicated that a high concentration of HPMC and PC contributed to an increase in the mechanical strength of emulsions and oleogels. Moreover, an increase in an HPMC and PC concentration was beneficial to reduce the oil loss of oleogels. However, the change of HPMC and PC concentrations had no significant effect on the X-ray diffraction pattern of oleogels. This study could provide a theoretical basis for the construction of polysaccharide-based oleogels.
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12
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Hao J, Li X, Wang Q, Lv W, Zhang W, Xu D. Recent developments and prospects in the extraction, composition, stability, food applications, and
in vitro
digestion of plant oil bodies. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Wenwen Lv
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Wenguan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Duoxia Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
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13
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Novel Hydrocolloids Obtained from Mango ( Mangifera indica) var. Hilaza: Chemical, Physicochemical, Techno-Functional, and Structural Characteristics. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060354. [PMID: 35735698 PMCID: PMC9222320 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hydrocolloids are ingredients used to improve the technological properties of products; currently, there is a growing demand from the food industry and consumers to use natural ingredients and reduce the environmental impact. Methods: This work evaluated the effect of pH on hydrocolloid extraction from the pulp, seed, and peel of mango (Mangifera indica) var. hilaza and their chemical, physicochemical, techno-functional, and structural properties. Results: The main component of the hydrocolloid was the carbohydrates for pulp (22.59%) and peel (24.05%), and the protein for seed (21.48%) was corroborated by NIR spectra and associated with the technological and functional properties. The solubility increases with the temperature presenting values higher than 75% at 80 °C; the swelling index was higher than 30%, while the water holding capacity was higher in samples with higher carbohydrate content (110−121%). Moreover, a higher content of total phenolic compounds (21.61 ± 0.39−51.77 ± 2.48 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity (≥193.82 μMol Trolox/g) was obtained. The pH of extraction changes the color parameters and microstructural properties. Conclusions: Novel ingredients from mango pulp, seed, and peel at different pH levels have technological and functional properties that are potential use in the food industry as an alternative to the development of microstructural products.
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14
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Farooq S, Abdullah, Zhang C, Xi Y, Zhang H. Physiochemical characteristics and rheological investigations of camellia oil body emulsions stabilized by gum tragacanth as a coating layer. Food Chem 2022; 377:131997. [PMID: 34999448 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, gum tragacanth (GT) was coated on the camellia oil body (OB) emulsions using an electrostatic deposition technique, and effects were investigated over a wide range of pH values, ionic strengths, temperatures, and freeze-thaw cycles. Special attention has been paid to the rheological features as a function of hydrocolloid concentration, thixotropy (hysteresis loop and in-shear structure recovery), temperature, and frequency. The electrostatic GT-OB surface protein interactions, confirmed by ζ-potential and confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements, led to the reduction of flocculation effects and enhancement of steric stabilization due to the adsorption of polysaccharides to OB surfaces. The activation energy values (Ea) appeared in the range of 21.92 to 8.02 kJ/mol at pH 4 as GT concentration increased from 0 to 1 wt%. The OBs are soft droplets with the degree of structure recovery (DSR) ranged from 0.451 to 0.533; however, GT coating showed synergistic effect on the DSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Farooq
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Abdullah
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cen Zhang
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Yuhang Xi
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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15
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Sivakanthan S, Fawzia S, Madhujith T, Karim A. Synergistic effects of oleogelators in tailoring the properties of oleogels: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3507-3539. [PMID: 35591753 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conventional solid fats play a crucial role as an ingredient in many processed foods. However, these fats contain a high amount of saturated fats and trans fats. Legislations and dietary recommendations related to these two types of fats set forth as a consequence of evidence showing their deleterious health impact have triggered the attempts to find alternate tailor-made lipids for these solid fats. Oleogels is considered as a novel alternative, which has reduced saturated fat and no trans fat content. In addition to mimicking the distinctive characteristics of solid fats, oleogels can be developed to contain a high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids and used to deliver bioactives. Although there has been a dramatic rise in the interest in developing oleogels for food applications over the past decade, none of them has been commercially used in foods so far due to the deficiency in their crystal network structure, particularly in monocomponent gels. Very recently, there is a surge in the interest in using of combination of gelators due to the synergistic effects that aid in overcoming the drawbacks in monocomponent gels. However, currently, there is no comprehensive insight into synergism among oleogelators reported in recent studies. Therefore, a comprehensive intuition into the findings reported on synergism is crucial to fill this gap. The objective of this review is to give a comprehensive insight into synergism among gelators based on recent literature. This paper also identifies the future research propositions towards developing oleogels capable of exactly mimicking the properties of conventional solid fats to bridge the gap between laboratory research and the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subajiny Sivakanthan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Sri Lanka.,Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Sabrina Fawzia
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Terrence Madhujith
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Azharul Karim
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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16
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Wang L, Wen Y, Su C, Gao Y, Li Q, Du S, Yu X. Effect of water content on the physical properties and structure of walnut oleogels. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8987-8995. [PMID: 35424844 PMCID: PMC8985134 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00920j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of water content on the properties and structure of oleogels by developing walnut oleogel based on potato starch and candelilla wax (CW). Physical, thermal, rheological and microstructure characteristics of the walnut oleogel were determined by texture analyzer, differential scanning calorimeter, rotary rheometer, X-ray diffractometer and optical microscope. Results showed that with increased water content, the hardness of the oleogel increased from 123.35 g to 158 g, whereas the oil loss rate decreased from 24.64% to 10.91%. However, these two values decreased slightly when the ratio of oil to water was 1 : 1. The prepared oleogels have a high elastic modulus, and the flow behavior of all walnut oleogels conformed to that of a non-flowing fluid. Microstructure observation indicated that the crystal size and quantity increased with an increase in water content, and the liquid oil was wrapped in the crystal network by CW and potato starch, forming solidified droplets to further promote gelation. In conclusion, when the ratio of oil to water is 39%, the oleogel has good physical properties and stable crystal structure. These findings can provide an indication of water content in the composition of oleogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China +86-29-87092486 +86-29-87092308.,Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province 22 Xinong Road Yangling 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China +86-29-87092486 +86-29-87092308.,Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province 22 Xinong Road Yangling 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Caihong Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China +86-29-87092486 +86-29-87092308.,Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province 22 Xinong Road Yangling 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China +86-29-87092486 +86-29-87092308.,Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province 22 Xinong Road Yangling 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China +86-29-87092486 +86-29-87092308.,Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province 22 Xinong Road Yangling 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Shuangkui Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China +86-29-87092486 +86-29-87092308.,Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province 22 Xinong Road Yangling 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Xiuzhu Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China +86-29-87092486 +86-29-87092308.,Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province 22 Xinong Road Yangling 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
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