1
|
Vijayanand M, Issac PK, Velayutham M, Shaik MR, Hussain SA, Guru A. Exploring the neuroprotective potential of KC14 peptide from Cyprinus carpio against oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration by regulating antioxidant mechanism. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:990. [PMID: 39287730 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, a condition characterized by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), can cause significant damage to cellular macromolecules, leading to neurodegeneration. This underscores the need for effective antioxidant therapies that can mitigate oxidative stress and its associated neurodegenerative effects. KC14 peptide derived from liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 A (LEAP 2 A) from Cyprinus carpio L. has been identified as a potential therapeutic agent. This study focuses on the antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of the KC14 peptide is to evaluate its effectiveness against oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. METHODS The antioxidant capabilities of KC14 were initially assessed through in silico docking studies, which predicted its potential to interact with oxidative stress-related targets. Subsequently, the peptide was tested at concentrations ranging from 5 to 45 µM in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vivo studies involved treating H2O2-induced zebrafish larvae with KC14 peptide to analyze its effects on oxidative stress and neuroprotection. RESULTS KC14 peptide showed a protective effect against the developmental malformations caused by H2O2 stress, restored antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced neuronal damage, and lowered lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels in H2O2-induced larvae. It enhanced acetylcholinesterase activity and significantly reduced intracellular ROS levels (p < 0.05) dose-dependently. Gene expression studies showed up-regulation of antioxidant genes with KC14 treatment under H2O2 stress. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potent antioxidant activity of KC14 and its ability to confer neuroprotection against oxidative stress can provide a novel therapeutic agent for combating neurodegenerative diseases induced by oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhumitha Vijayanand
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Issac
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Manikandan Velayutham
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaik Althaf Hussain
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2454, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Andin VC, Chor WK, Gunasekaran B, Chong CM, Lee PT, Loh JY. A preliminary study on the effects of substituting fishmeal with defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larval meal on Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles: Growth performance, feed efficiency, nutrient composition, disease resistance, and economic returns. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39175254 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to develop an alternative aquafeed derived from insect meal for Lates calcarifer juveniles, with the objectives of exploring the physiological performance, biological parameters, and economic analysis of substituting fishmeal (FM) with defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) as part of the diet of L. calcarifer juveniles. Five practical diets were formulated to include 0% (BSFL0, serves as control group), 5% (BSFL5), 10% (BSFL10), 15% (BSFL15), and 20% (BSFL20) of BSFL meal, partially or fully replacing FM, respectively. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 30 fish (10.70 ± 0.07 g) per tank (300 L). The fish were fed twice daily to apparent satiation. A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the impacts of defatted BSFL meal replacing FM on the growth performance, feed efficiency, composition analysis of fish muscle, cumulative mortality rate challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and economic returns of L. calcarifer. These results show that differences in weight gain and specific growth rate among the different treatments were statistically significant (p < 0.05), except for the absence of significant variation (p < 0.05) between BSFL0 and BSFL5, and followed by BSFL10 > BSFL0 > BSFL5 > BSFL15 > BSFL20. However, the feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio showed the opposite trend as above. Although the diets experienced a decline in crude protein content and an increase in crude fat content with the increasing proportion of BSFL substituting FM, the crude protein and fat content of fish muscle were only slightly influenced. It is worth mentioning that levels of nonessential amino acids, delicious amino acids, saturated fatty acids, omega-6, omega-9 in BSFL10 group all showed an increase compared with the control group. After a 7-day challenge test with V. parahaemolyticus, the cumulative mortality rates of the BSFL5 and BSFL10 groups, respectively, dropped to 5.20%, 5.28% compared to the control group's 16.88%; however, the mortality rates of BSFL15 (34.67%) and BSFL20 (41.77%) groups were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) increased. From an economic perspective, the incidence cost for each experimental group showed a trend as BSFL10 < BSFL0 < BSFL5 < BSFL15 < BSFL20, whereas the profit index in each treatment exhibited the opposite trend as above. It was concluded that low (5%) or moderate (10%) levels of BSFL substituting FM in aquaculture feed could improve the physiological performances, disease resistance, and economic returns of L. calcarifer. However, excessive substitution (>15%) leads to a negative effect. From an economic point of view, 10% inclusion of BSFL in practical diets is recommended for L. calcarifer juveniles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Health Science Center, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, China
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Victor Charlie Andin
- Marine Programme Conservation Department, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF, Malaysia), Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Wei-Kang Chor
- Marine Programme Conservation Department, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF, Malaysia), Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Chou-Min Chong
- Laboratory of Sustainable Aquaculture (AquaLab), International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Port Dickson, Malaysia
| | - Po-Tsang Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Yan Loh
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Tropical Futures Institute, James Cook University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang ZL, Meng YQ, Li JJ, Zhang XX, Li JT, Xu JR, Zheng PH, Xian JA, Lu YP. Effects of antimicrobial peptides from dietary Hermetia illucens larvae on the growth, immunity, gene expression, intestinal microbiota and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of juvenile red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 147:109437. [PMID: 38360192 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are widely present in animals and plants, have a broad distribution, strong broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, low likelihood of developing drug resistance, high thermal stability and antiviral properties. The present study investigated the effects of adding AMPs from Hermetia illucens larvae on the growth performance, muscle composition, antioxidant capacity, immune response, gene expression, antibacterial ability and intestinal microbiota of Cherax quadricarinatus (red claw crayfish). Five experimental diets were prepared by adding 50 (M1), 100 (M2), 150 (M3) and 200 (M4) mg/kg of crude AMP extract from H. illucens larvae to the basal diet feed, which was also used as the control (M0). After an eight-week feeding experiment, it was discovered that the addition of 100-150 mg/kg of H. illucens larvae AMPs to the feed significantly improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of C. quadricarinatus. Furthermore, the addition of H. illucens larvae AMPs to the feed had no significant effect on the moisture content, crude protein, crude fat and ash content of the C. quadricarinatus muscle. The addition of 100-150 mg/kg of H. illucens larvae AMPs in the feed also increased the antioxidant capacity, nonspecific immune enzyme activity and related gene expression levels in C. quadricarinatus, thereby enhancing their antioxidant capacity and immune function. The H. illucens larvae AMPs improved the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota of C. quadricarinatus, increasing the microbial community diversity of the crayfish gut. Finally, the addition of 100-150 mg/kg of H. illucens larvae AMPs in the feed enhanced the resistance of C. quadricarinatus against Aeromonas hydrophila, improving the survival rate of the crayfish. Based on the aforementioned findings, it is recommended that H. illucens larvae AMPs be incorporated into the C. quadricarinatus feed at a concentration of 100-150 mg/kg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Long Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China; Ocean College, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yong-Qi Meng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China; Ocean College, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jia-Jun Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Xiu-Xia Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Jun-Tao Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Jia-Rui Xu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Pei-Hua Zheng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Jian-An Xian
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China; Ocean College, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Yao-Peng Lu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, 571101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Márton RA, Sebők C, Mackei M, Tráj P, Vörösházi J, Kemény Á, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Cecropin A: investigation of a host defense peptide with multifaceted immunomodulatory activity in a chicken hepatic cell culture. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1337677. [PMID: 38496311 PMCID: PMC10940386 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1337677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Host defense peptides (HDPs) are increasingly referred to as promising candidates for the reduction of the use of conventional antibiotics, thereby combating antibiotic resistance. As HDPs have been described to exert various immunomodulatory effects, cecropin A (CecA) appears to be a potent agent to influence the host inflammatory response. Methods In the present study, a chicken primary hepatocyte-non-parenchymal cell co-culture was used to investigate the putative immunomodulatory effects of CecA alone and in inflammatory conditions evoked by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C). To examine the viability of the cells, the extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was determined by colorimetric assay. Inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-8 and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) were investigated using the ELISA method, whereas concentrations of IL-6, IL-10, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were assayed by Luminex xMAP technology. Extracellular H2O2 and malondialdehyde levels were measured by fluorometric and colorimetric methods, respectively. Results Results of the lower concentrations suggested the safe application of CecA; however, it might contribute to hepatic cell membrane damage at its higher concentrations. We also found that the peptide alleviated the inflammatory response, reflected by the decreased production of the pro-inflammatory IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-γ. In addition, CecA diminished the levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-ß1. The oxidative markers measured remained unchanged in most cases of CecA exposure. Discussion CecA displayed a multifaceted immunomodulatory but not purely anti-inflammatory activity on the hepatic cells, and might be suggested to maintain the hepatic inflammatory homeostasis in Poly I:C-triggered immune response. To conclude, our study suggests that CecA might be a promising molecule for the development of new immunomodulatory antibiotic-substitutive agents in poultry medicine; however, there is still a lot to clarify regarding its cellular effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma F, Ma R, Zhao L. Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides on Antioxidant Properties, Non-specific Immune Response and Gut Microbes of Tsinling Lenok Trout (Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis). Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10708-6. [PMID: 38411941 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an important part of non-specific immunity and play a key role in the cellular host defense against pathogens and tissue injury infections. We investigated the effects of AMP supplementation on the antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity, and gut microbiota of tsinling lenok trout. 240 fish were fed diets (CT, A120, A240 and A480) containing different amounts of AMP peptides (0, 120 mg kg-1, 240 mg kg-1, 480 mg kg-1) for 8 weeks. Our results showed that the activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lysozyme (LZM), catalase (CAT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the A240 and A480 group were higher than that in the CT group (P < 0.05). The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in AMP group was significantly lower than that in CT group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we harvested the mid-gut and applied next-generation sequencing of 16S rDNA. The results showed that the abundance of Halomonas in AMP group was significantly lower than that in CT group. Functional analysis showed that the abundance of chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation pathway increased significantly in AMP group. In conclusion, AMP enhanced the antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity, and intestinal health of tsinling lenok trout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Waste in Gansu Province, Tianshui Normal University, South Xihe Road, Qinzhou District, Tianshui, 741000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruilin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Waste in Gansu Province, Tianshui Normal University, South Xihe Road, Qinzhou District, Tianshui, 741000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Waste in Gansu Province, Tianshui Normal University, South Xihe Road, Qinzhou District, Tianshui, 741000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang WF, Cheng CX, Liu H, Chen XL, Wang HL. 6His-tatritin promotes antimicrobial defense via regulating immune ability and intestinal microbial community in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 133:108532. [PMID: 36639064 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are small, cationic, and amphiphilic peptides found in most organisms, and many of these peptides have broad antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative, -positive bacteria and fungi. In the present study, a derivative of antimicrobial peptide Tatritin, 6His-Tatritin, was designed and expressed by Pichia pastoris using a constitutive vector pGAPZαA with the promoter of pGAP. The 6His-Tatritin had a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity based on the Oxford cup method and the micro broth dilution test. In addition, to explore the role of 6His-Tatritin in vivo, grass carps (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila after they were fed with 6His-Tatritin as feed additives for 28 days. The results revealed that 6His-Tatritin could significantly up-regulate the expression levels of Hepcidin, Leap-2b, Nrf-2, CuZn-SOD and LZM (P < 0.05). In addition, 6His-Tatritin could significantly reduce the mortality (P < 0.05) and the intestinal injury of grass carps infected with bacteria. The 16S sequencing analysis showed that the structure of microbial community in intestine of fish was more diversified compared with control after treatment with 6His-Tatritin. In summary, the peptide of 6His-Tatritin could promote antimicrobial defense via regulating immune ability and intestinal microbial community in grass carp. This study provides an effective method and approach for the application of antimicrobial peptide Tatritin in aquaculture, and also provides insights into the function of antimicrobial peptides in immunity against pathogens in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Feng Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chu-Xing Cheng
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiu-Li Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Huan-Ling Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo Y, Zhang L, Liang Y, Li P, Zhang T, Meng F, Liu B, Zhang H, Fu W, Wang W, Liang J, Tian X. Effects of dietary yeast culture on health status in digestive tract of juvenile Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 3:100065. [PMID: 36419603 PMCID: PMC9680107 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary yeast culture (YC) on health status in digestive tract of juvenile Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei. Shrimps (initial weight: 3.33 ± 0.06 g) were fed with graded levels of dietary YC (control, 0.3%, 0.5% and 1.0%). Results of the present study showed that villus height and the ratio between villus height and crypt depth in the digestive tract of juvenile shrimp was significantly increased by dietary 0.5% and 1.0%YC (P < 0.05). Besides, dietary 0.5% and 1.0%YC significantly activities of phenoloxidase (PO), lysozyme (LZ), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) (P < 0.05), significantly up-regulated mRNA levels of prophenoloxidase (propo), lysozyme (lz), anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (alf), crustin and penaienadin (P < 0.05) and down-regulated mRNA levels of caspase-1, nuclear factor κB p65 (nf-κbp65) myeloid differentiation primary response protein (myd88) and toll like receptor (tlr) in the digestive tract of juvenile shrimp (P < 0.05). Compared with the control, dietary 0.5%YC increased Chao1 index in the digestive tract of juvenile shrimp. In addition, compared with the control, dietary 0.5% and 1.0%YC significantly increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that dietary YC made positive contribution to health status in digestive tract of juvenile shrimp through improving morphology and microbiota, enhancing immune function, and inhibiting inflammation of digestive tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Guo
- GBW Biotechnology Group, Qingdao 266111, China
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- GBW Biotechnology Group, Qingdao 266111, China
| | - Yi Liang
- GBW Biotechnology Group, Qingdao 266111, China
| | - Peigen Li
- GBW Biotechnology Group, Qingdao 266111, China
| | | | - Fankui Meng
- GBW Biotechnology Group, Qingdao 266111, China
| | - Baotong Liu
- GBW Biotechnology Group, Qingdao 266111, China
| | | | - Wenzhong Fu
- GBW Biotechnology Group, Qingdao 266111, China
| | - Wei Wang
- GBW Biotechnology Group, Qingdao 266111, China
| | | | - Xiangli Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang J, Wilson AE, Su B, Dunham RA. Functionality of dietary antimicrobial peptides in aquatic animal health: Multiple meta-analyses. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:200-214. [PMID: 36712402 PMCID: PMC9860427 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Effects of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) added to diets on aquatic animal health and body function are influenced by multiple factors such as animal species, initial body weight, the dosage of AMP and feeding duration. However, there is limited knowledge on the relationship between these factors and the body function of aquatic animals. Here, we aimed to perform multiple meta-analyses to investigate the effects of dietary AMP on growth performance (feed conversion ratio [FCR], specific growth rate [SGR]), enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase activity [SOD], lysozyme activity [LSA]), disease resistance (cumulative survival rate [CSR], the expression of immune-related genes [GENE]) and the abundance of gut microbiota (MICRO) from a pool of empirical studies. Additionally, the dose-effect model was applied to determine the optimal AMP dose, initial body weight and feeding duration to maximize body function. To conduct the meta-analyses, we included 34 publications that estimated 705 effect sizes across 21 fish, 2 shrimp and 2 shellfish species. The results confirmed that the inclusion of AMP in the diet can significantly improve SGR, SOD, LSA, CSR and GENE and decrease FCR for aquatic animals. Interestingly, our findings implied a slight positive effect of AMP on MICRO albeit with a limited number of studies available on fish gut microbial communities. Although no significant linear or quadratic relationship was predicted by meta-regression, the dose-effect indicated that the optimal AMP doses for FCR, SGR, SOD and LSA were 707.5, 750.0, 1,050.0 and 937.5 mg/kg, respectively. Taken together, fish with an initial body weight of 30 g could be fed with a dose of 600 to 800 mg/kg for 2 mo when AMP-supplemented diets were applied in aquaculture, which can effectively improve body function and health while lowering aquafeed costs. In addition, more studies should address fish gut microbiota to delimitate the influence of dietary AMP on MICRO in the future.
Collapse
|
9
|
Falco A, Adamek M, Pereiro P, Hoole D, Encinar JA, Novoa B, Mallavia R. The Immune System of Marine Organisms as Source for Drugs against Infectious Diseases. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060363. [PMID: 35736166 PMCID: PMC9230875 DOI: 10.3390/md20060363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The high proliferation of microorganisms in aquatic environments has allowed their coevolution for billions of years with other living beings that also inhabit these niches. Among the different existing types of interaction, the eternal competition for supremacy between the susceptible species and their pathogens has selected, as part of the effector division of the immune system of the former ones, a vast and varied arsenal of efficient antimicrobial molecules, which is highly amplified by the broad biodiversity radiated, above any others, at the marine habitats. At present, the great recent scientific and technological advances already allow the massive discovery and exploitation of these defense compounds for therapeutic purposes against infectious diseases of our interest. Among them, antimicrobial peptides and antimicrobial metabolites stand out because of the wide dimensions of their structural diversities, mechanisms of action, and target pathogen ranges. This revision work contextualizes the research in this field and serves as a presentation and scope identification of the Special Issue from Marine Drugs journal “The Immune System of Marine Organisms as Source for Drugs against Infectious Diseases”.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Falco
- Institute of Research, Development, and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology in Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain; (J.A.E.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Mikolaj Adamek
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Patricia Pereiro
- Institute of Marine Research, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.P.); (B.N.)
| | - David Hoole
- School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK;
| | - José Antonio Encinar
- Institute of Research, Development, and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology in Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain; (J.A.E.); (R.M.)
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.P.); (B.N.)
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Institute of Research, Development, and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology in Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain; (J.A.E.); (R.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides Gal-13 on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Microbiota, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Intestinal Morphology, Antioxidative Activities, and Immunity of Broilers. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 15:694-705. [PMID: 35015242 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09905-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the application effect of antimicrobial peptides Gal-13 (AMP Gal-13) instead of antibiotic feed additives, 90 7-day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A was fed a basic diet as the control, and Groups B and C were supplemented with AMP Gal-13 (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively). After a 35-day feeding experiment, the weight and average daily gain (ADG) of the broilers in Group B were significantly higher than those of the broilers in Group A. The Enterococcus sp. and Escherichia coli counts in the ileum and cecum in Group A were significantly higher than those in Groups B and C, while the Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Bifidobacterium sp. counts were significantly lower. The amylase activity of the jejunum in Group B was significantly higher than that in Group A. The villus length (VL): crypt depth (CD) ratios of the jejunum and ileum in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group A. The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the liver and serum in Groups B and C were significantly higher than those in Group A, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was significantly lower. The titers of Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-specific antibodies were elevated significantly in Group B at the age of 42 days. Additionally, the weights of the spleen and thymus were significantly increased. The expression levels of Il-2, Il-6, Tgf-β4, Tnf-α, and Mif in the spleen in Groups B and C were significantly downregulated to different degrees; Il-4 expression in Group B was significantly upregulated, while Ifn-γ expression in Group C was significantly upregulated. The results suggested that adding AMP Gal-13 to the diet could improve intestinal digestion, the antioxidant capacity, and immune function, ultimately promoting the growth of broilers.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rashidian G, Moosazadeh Moghaddam M, Mirnejad R, Mohammadi Azad Z. Supplementation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) diet using a short antimicrobial peptide: Evaluation of growth performance, immunomodulatory function, antioxidant activity, and disease resistance. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:42-50. [PMID: 34597813 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain bioactive peptides are new and promising antimicrobial, immune moderating, and antioxidant agents. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activity of CM11, a short antimicrobial peptide (AMP), against Streptococcus iniae and Yersinia ruckeri as fish pathogenic bacteria using standard disk diffusion and microdilution assays. In addition, in vivo effects of CM11 on fish growth, immunity, antioxidant activity, and disease resistance were evaluated using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an animal model. For in vivo study, based on in vitro susceptibility results, four diets were designed to include zero (as control), 10, 20, and 50 μg of CM11 per g diet referred to as control, P1, P2, and P3 treatments, respectively. After eight weeks of dietary trial, fish were challenged with Streptococcus iniae, and the survival rate was calculated for a period of two weeks. Results showed that CM11 effectively inhibited the growth of S. iniae and Y. ruckeri on agar plates at a concentration of eight μg/ml. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of CM11 were measured at 8 and 32 μg/ml for S. iniae and 16 and 64 μg/ml Y. ruckeri, respectively. In vivo results showed no noticeable effects on fish growth parameters, however, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was found lower in P3 and P2 compared to control (P < 0.05). Immunological and antioxidant responses were found strongly affected by CM11 in all treatment groups in which the highest values were found in the P3 treated group. Key immune and antioxidant genes were up-regulated particularly in fish receiving the highest level of CM11 (P3). Fish receiving the CM11 peptide showed better survival when challenged with S. iniae. These findings suggest the potential of CM11 for use in aquaculture as an antibacterial and immunostimulant agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Rashidian
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 64414-356, Noor, Iran
| | | | - Reza Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mohammadi Azad
- Department of Microbiology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ke F, Xie P, Yang Y, Yan L, Guo A, Yang J, Zhang J, Liu L, Wang Q, Gao X. Effects of Nisin, Cecropin, and Penthorum chinense Pursh on the Intestinal Microbiome of Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio). Front Nutr 2021; 8:729437. [PMID: 34746205 PMCID: PMC8566669 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.729437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a ban on antibiotic use in the feed industry, trials on the effects of various immunostimulants (prebiotics, probiotics, antimicrobial peptides [AMPs], and herbs) on the survival, growth, immunity, and disease control of farmed fish in aquaculture are being rapidly conducted. The wide variety of microbes with roles in nutrition, metabolism, and immunity in the fish intestine is the primary factor affecting the fermentability and functionality of dietary immunostimulants. For this reason, the dynamic interactions between immunostimulants and the intestinal microbiome may influence fish health. In this study, the effects of two agriculturally important AMPs (nisin and cecropin) and one herb (Penthorum chinense) on the gut microbiome of common carp were investigated, using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The results suggest that all three substances can alter the richness, diversity, and composition of the intestinal microbiota of common carp. P. chinense had a similar effect on the gut microbiota of common carp to that of nisin, and both promoted more striking changes in the gut microbiota community than did cecropin. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was lower in the nisin and P. chinense groups than in the control and cecropin groups. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the nisin, cecropin, and P. chinense groups was markedly increased, compared with that of the control group. Additionally, nisin, cecropin, and P. chinense showed obvious anti-inflammatory effects on the fish intestine, which was reflected by significantly increasing the expression levels of two anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. Some digestive enzyme activities in the fish intestine were also significantly enhanced by supplementing these three substances in feeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Famin Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Peijuan Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yanrong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ailing Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang S, Xie S, Zhou A, Zhang C, Wen L, Xu G, Zou J. Effects of mixed antimicrobial peptide on the growth performance, antioxidant and immune responses and disease resistance of Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 114:112-118. [PMID: 33905842 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides have broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and low drug resistance, and they demonstrate great potential as antibiotic substitutes. In this study, five dietary mixed antimicrobial peptide supplement groups were set and fed to Pengze crucian carp for 10 weeks. The 6 groups were G0 (control group) and 5 additional groups: G1 (100 mg/kg), G2 (200 mg/kg), G3 (400 mg/kg), G4 (800 mg/kg) and G5 (1600 mg/kg). The results showed that the final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish in G1 and G2 were higher than those of fish in the control group, and G1 was significantly higher than G0 (P < 0.05). In addition, the FBW, WGR, and SGR of the G3 group were significantly lower than those of the G0 group. The chymotrypsin, lipase and amylase activities of G1 and G2 were significantly upregulated compared with G0 and reached peak values in G1. The activity of T-AOC and SOD in the addition group was higher (except G2 and G4) than that in the control groups, and significantly increased in G3 compared to the control group. The activity of MDA in the addition group was lower than that in the control group (p > 0.05). The expression levels of TLR-4, MYD88 and TNF-α in the three organs of the addition group were higher than those in G0 and reached the peak value in G3 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression levels of TLR-4, MYD88 and TNF-α in the three organs of G3 were significantly lower than those in G0 and lower than those in the other supplemented groups. The expression levels of IL-10 and IL-11 tended to be upregulated after A. hydrophila challenge, and G3 in different organs was significantly higher than that in other supplemented groups and G0. The results of this study show that an appropriate amount of mixed antimicrobial peptides can improve the growth performance and antioxidant and immune capabilities of Pengze crucian carp and can also play a positive role in the treatment of A. hydrophila infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaodan Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Shaolin Xie
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Chaonan Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Liufa Wen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, China.
| | - Guohuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Jixing Zou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gao H, Qin Y, Zeng J, Yang Q, Jia T. Dietary intervention with sialylated lactulose affects the immunomodulatory activities of mice. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:9494-9504. [PMID: 34176623 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Four sialylated lactuloses [N-acetylneuraminic acid-α2,3-lactulose (Neu5Acα2,3lactulose), N-acetylneuraminic acid-α2,6-lactulose (Neu5Acα2,6lactulose), deaminoneuraminc acid-α2,3-lactulose (Kdnα2,3lactulose), and deaminoneuraminc acid-α-2,6-lactulose (Kdnα2,6lactulose)] were reported to modulate the immunity of mice. The influences of cytokine expression, cell immunity, humoral immunity, and nonspecific immunity were investigated in our study using several techniques. Analysis via ELISA showed that cytokine expression was induced by sialylated lactulose treatment consistently in the serum and spleen. Among the 4 tested sialylated lactuloses, Neu5Acα2,6lactulose performed the best, simultaneously and appropriately promoting the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors in the serum and spleen. Kdnα2,3lactulose showed the best antioxidant activity according to detection of the activity of superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, peroxidase, and alkaline phosphatase. Flow cytometry revealed that only Kdnα2,3lactulose significantly boosted the CD3+ T lymphocyte ratio similarly to that of lactulose. Analysis of the hemolysin content to characterize humoral immunity revealed that Kdnα2,3lactulose notably increased hemolysin content compared with that in the control group. To evaluate the nonspecific immune effects of the 4 sialylated lactuloses, a fluorescence microsphere phagocytosis assay was used to analyze the phagocytosis of macrophages. Kdnα2,3lactulose still performed the best in enhancing the phagocytosis of macrophages, showing markedly increased phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index values compared with those in the control and lactulose groups. Comparing the differences of these 4 sialylated lactuloses in affecting immunity in mice revealed that Kdnα2,3lactulose had the best overall performance in influencing cytokine expression, cell immunity, humoral immunity, and nonspecific immunity. This study provides critical support for use of sialylated lactuloses as potential immunomodulators in foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Gao
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Yueqi Qin
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Tian Jia
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ko SKK, Paraso MGV, Pajas AMGA, Dela Cruz JF. Immunomodulatory responses in plectasin-supplemented broilers under tropical environmental conditions. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:253. [PMID: 33834298 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to determine the immunomodulatory effects of dietary supplementation of the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) plectasin on broiler chickens. The experiment involved 300-day-old Ross chicks reared in a conventional housing system and subjected to ambient temperature and relative humidity. The birds were randomly allocated to five treatment groups: the non-supplemented negative control group (T1), enramycin-supplemented group (T2), and groups supplemented with varying doses of plectasin at 150 ppm, 300 ppm, and 450 ppm (T3, T4, and T5, respectively) from day 1 to 35. The results indicated that plectasin supplementation increased jejunal and ileal goblet cell (GC) counts, serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels at neonatal age, and serum immunoglobulin Y (IgY) titer on days 7, 21, 28, and 35. These findings confirmed that plectasin induces positive immunomodulatory responses by specifically enhancing gut mucosal barriers, early innate immunity, and humoral immune response. Specifically, supplementation at 150 ppm may be considered as the optimal dose for inclusion in broiler chicken feeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szarina Krisha K Ko
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Michelle Grace V Paraso
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
| | - Arville Mar Gregorio A Pajas
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Joseph F Dela Cruz
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Weththasinghe P, Lagos L, Cortés M, Hansen JØ, Øverland M. Dietary Inclusion of Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia Illucens) Larvae Meal and Paste Improved Gut Health but Had Minor Effects on Skin Mucus Proteome and Immune Response in Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo Salar). Front Immunol 2021; 12:599530. [PMID: 33717079 PMCID: PMC7946862 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.599530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated effects of dietary inclusion of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) (Hermetia illucens) meal and paste on gut health, plasma biochemical parameters, immune response and skin mucus proteome in pre-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). The seven-week experiment consisted of seven experimental diets: a control diet based on fishmeal and plant protein (Control-1); three BSFL meal diets, substituting 6.25% (6.25IM), 12.5% (12.5IM) and 25% (25IM) of protein; two BSFL paste diets, substituting 3.7% (3.7IP) and 6.7% (6.7IP) of protein and an extra control diet with 0.88% of formic acid (Control-2). The 6.25IM diet reduced enterocyte steatosis in pyloric caeca, improved distal intestine histology, and reduced IgM in distal intestine. The fish fed 12.5IM diet reduced enterocyte steatosis in pyloric caeca, improved distal intestine histology, had a higher plasma lysozyme content compared to 6.25IM, and tend to increase phagocytic activity in head-kidney macrophages-like cells. On the other hand, 25IM diet improved distal intestine histology, but showed mild-moderate enterocyte steatosis in pyloric caeca, increased IFNγ and reduced IgM in distal intestine. In the case of BSFL paste diets, 3.7IP diet caused mild inflammatory changes in distal intestine, although it reduced enterocyte steatosis in pyloric caeca. The 6.7IP diet reduced enterocyte steatosis in pyloric caeca and improved distal intestine histology. Increasing level of BSFL meal in the diet linearly decreased plasma C-reactive protein, whereas increasing level of BSFL paste linearly increased plasma antioxidant capacity. Dietary inclusion of BSFL meal and paste had minor effects on the expression profile of proteins in skin mucus and no effects on immune markers in splenocytes. BSFL meal showed no negative effect on liver and muscle health as indicated by plasma alanine aminotranseferase, asparate aminotransferase and creatine kinase. The present study showed that replacing conventional protein sources with low to moderate levels of BSFL meal (6.25% and 12.5%) or paste (3.7% and 6.7%) reduced enterocyte steatosis in pyloric caeca, while replacing up to 25% with BSFL meal or 6.7% with paste improved distal intestine histology. Further, dietary inclusion of BSFL meal and paste had minor effects on skin mucus proteome and immune response in Atlantic salmon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pabodha Weththasinghe
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Leidy Lagos
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Marcos Cortés
- Laboratory of Immunology, Centre of Aquatic Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jon Øvrum Hansen
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Margareth Øverland
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rashmeei M, Hosseini Shekarabi SP, Shamsaie Mehrgan M, Paknejad H. Stimulatory effect of dietary chasteberry (Vitex agnus-castus) extract on immunity, some immune-related gene expression, and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in goldfish (Carassius auratus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:129-136. [PMID: 33002603 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chasteberry is highly recommended as an herbal medicine across the globe for treating of many gynaecological disorders. In this study, chasteberry extract (CBE) was supplemented in goldfish diet to evaluate the immunity responses at the cellular and molecular levels. Moreover, after the feeding trial, the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The fish (300 individuals, 2.4 ± 0.12 g initial weight) were randomly distributed in 12 tanks and were fed with 0 (control), 5, 10, and 15 g CBE per kg of feed for 8 weeks. Based on the results, lysozyme activity, alkaline phosphatase, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) in the skin mucus samples were significantly enhanced in the fish fed with 15 g/kg CBE (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary CBE positively affected lysozyme activity, complement components, and IgM content of the serum samples compared to the control group. Also, the number of monocytes and lymphocytes were increased significantly with increasing CBE in the diet (P < 0.05). The highest mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factors (TNF-α, TNF-2α) and Lysozyme were observed in 15 g/kg CBE treatment. After the challenge test, the highest relative percentage survival value (60%) was observed in the fish fed with 15 g/kg CBE. We concluded that dietary CBE especially at 15 g/kg has an immunomodulatory effect in goldfish by stimulating the innate immunity and some inflammatory cytokines as well as disease resistance against A. hydrophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Rashmeei
- Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Shamsaie Mehrgan
- Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Paknejad
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mikołajczak Z, Rawski M, Mazurkiewicz J, Kierończyk B, Józefiak D. The Effect of Hydrolyzed Insect Meals in Sea Trout Fingerling ( Salmo trutta m. trutta) Diets on Growth Performance, Microbiota and Biochemical Blood Parameters. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10061031. [PMID: 32545777 PMCID: PMC7341494 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The replacement of fishmeal by environmentally sustainable alternative meals has been one of the targets in aquaculture in recent decades. A number of factors support the use of insect meals, as a group of products characterized by high crude protein and crude fat content, in fish nutrition. Insects are readily accepted by a number of fish species, and they are part of the natural diet of omnivorous and carnivorous species. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of hydrolyzed Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio meals as a partial replacement for fishmeal in sea trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta) diets on growth performance, feed utilization, organosomatic indices, serum biochemistry, gut histology, and microbiota. In the present study, insect meals inclusion did not cause any adverse impacts on growth performance, feed utilization or gut histomorphology. However, an effect on the organosomatic indices, serum biochemistry, and microbiota was observed. In conclusion, hydrolyzed T. molitor and Z. morio meals seem to be promising alternative protein sources for sea trout nutrition. Abstract The present study is the first introduction of hydrolyzed superworm meal in sea trout nutrition. It was conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion in the diet of hydrolyzed insect meals as a partial replacement for fishmeal on growth performance, feed utilization, organosomatic indices, serum biochemical parameters, gut histomorphology, and microbiota composition of sea trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta). The experiment was performed on 225 sea trout fingerlings distributed into three groups (3 tanks/treatment, 25 fish/tank). The control diet was fishmeal-based. In the experimental groups, 10% of hydrolyzed mealworm (TMD) and superworm (ZMD) meals were included. The protein efficiency ratio was lower in the TMD and ZMD. Higher organosomatic indices and liver lipid contents were found in the group fed ZMD. The ZMD increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase, and decreased levels of alkaline phosphatase. The Aeromonas spp. and Enterococcus spp. populations decreased in the ZMD. The concentrations of the Carnobacterium spp. decreased in the ZMD and TMD, as did that of the Lactobacillus group in the TMD. In conclusion, insect meals may be an alternative protein source in sea trout nutrition, as they yield satisfying growth performance and have the capability to modulate biochemical blood parameters and microbiota composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Mikołajczak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (D.J.)
| | - Mateusz Rawski
- Institute of Zoology, Division of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznań, Poland; (M.R.); (J.M.)
| | - Jan Mazurkiewicz
- Institute of Zoology, Division of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznań, Poland; (M.R.); (J.M.)
| | - Bartosz Kierończyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Damian Józefiak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (D.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dai J, Zheng J, Ou W, Xu W, Ai Q, Zhang W, Niu J, Zhang Y, Mai K. The effect of dietary cecropin AD on intestinal health, immune response and disease resistance of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:117-125. [PMID: 32109613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cecropin AD (CAD) is a commercial cationic antimicrobial peptide that has been seldom studied in marine fish. This study investigated the effects of dietary CAD on intestinal health, immune response, disease resistance, and growth performance of turbot. A diet using fishmeal and plant protein as the main protein resources was used as the control (crude protein 53%, crude lipid 12%). CAD was supplemented into the control diet at the level of 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg kg-1 to formulate four experimental diets, C1, C2, C3, and C4, respectively. No significant difference was observed in fish growth performance, feed utilization efficiency and whole-body composition among all groups. Dietary CAD significantly increased the activity of lysozyme and complement component 3 level in both serum and distal intestine (DI), as well as the immunoglobulin M content in DI. The gene expression of immune cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-1β, and chemokine SmCCL19, and the goblet cell number in DI were also significantly increased by dietary CAD supplementation. Compared with the control group, the microbiota analysis indicated group C4 showed significantly decreased α-diversity, obvious alternation in dominant bacteria composition at phylum level, different clustering, and significantly decreased relative abundance of Lactobacillus. Besides, the relative abundance of Bacteroides was significantly decreased in groups C1, C3, and C4. In addition, the lowest mortality of turbot challenged with Edwardsiella tarda was observed in fish fed diets C2 and C3. In conclusion, moderate levels of CAD in diet of turbot improved the intestinal immune response without disrupting the intestinal bacterial community, and enhanced the disease resistance. However, dietary CAD at 1000 mg kg-1 greatly affected the intestinal bacterial composition and showed potentially inhibitory effects towards Lactobacillus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Weihao Ou
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Weiqi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li Y, Hu S, Gong L, Pan L, Li D, Cao L, Khan TA, Yang Y, Peng Y, Ding X, Yi G, Liu S, Xia L. Isolating a new Streptomyces amritsarensis N1-32 against fish pathogens and determining its effects on disease resistance of grass carp. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:632-640. [PMID: 31669281 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a Streptomyces strain was isolated from the soil samples of Yanghu Wetland Park in Changsha, Hunan Province. This strain showed excellent antimicrobial activity against 10 fish pathogens, as indicated by the results of the agar-diffusion and oxford cup assays. After 16s rDNA sequencing and physiological & biochemical analyses, it was identified as Streptomyces amritsarensis, namely for S. amritsarensis N1-32. Cytotoxicity test was performed, and the results exhibited that this strain had no toxicity to hepatic L8824 cell line from grass carp liver. The diets supplemented strain N1-32 at concentrations of 1 × 107 cfu/g and 1 × 109 cfu/g was used to feed fish. After 28 days, the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes Nrf2 and Keap1 in the liver and spleen were significantly up-regulated, and the expression of immune-related gene IgM was notably increased in the liver, kidney, head-kidney, and spleen. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene expression was up-regulated in the spleen, and TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) gene were up-regulated in the kidney. The survival rate of grass carp was significantly improved after pathogen infection. Whole-genome analysis of N1-32 showed that the strain harbored related genes, capability for producing substances that enhance the immunity of grass carp and inhibit pathogens. A total of 22 gene clusters were identified in the genome, including 5 terpene gene clusters, 4 nonribosomal peptide-synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters and 2 lantipeptide gene clusters. In summary, these results showed that strain N1-32 as a feed additive could regulate grass carp immunity and enhance the resistance of grass carp against fish pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shengbiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Liang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Lifei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Dongjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Lina Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Tahir Ali Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yahui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yanan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ganfeng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Liqiu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Life and Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li Y, Zhang H. A novel, kinetically stable copper, zinc superoxide dismutase from Psychropotes longicauda. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:998-1005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
22
|
Giang PT, Burkina V, Sakalli S, Schmidt-Posthaus H, Rasmussen MK, Randak T, Grabic R, Grabicova K, Fedorova G, Koba O, Golovko O, Turek J, Cerveny D, Kolarova J, Zlabek V. Effects of Multi-Component Mixtures from Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent on Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) under Fully Realistic Condition. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 63:466-484. [PMID: 29159481 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-017-0964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study characterized changes in biomarker responses in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) upon exposure to effluent water discharged from a sewage treatment plant (STP) under real conditions. Fish were exposed to contamination in Cezarka pond, which receives all of its water input from the STP in the town of Vodnany, Czech Republic. Five sampling events were performed at day 0, 30, 90, 180, and 360 starting in April 2015. In total, 62 pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) were detected in the polar organic chemical integrative sampler. Compared to a control pond, the total concentration of PPCPs was 45, 16, 7, and 7 times higher in Cezarka pond at day 30, 90, 180, and 360, respectively. The result of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme biomarkers indicated alterations in the liver and intestine tissues of fish from Cezarka pond at day 30 and 360, respectively. High plasma vitellogenin levels were observed in both exposed females (180 and 360 days) and males (360 days) compared with their respective controls. However, only exposed female fish had higher vitellogenin mRNA expression than the control fish in these periods. Exposed female fish showed irregular structure of the ovary with scattered oocytes, which further developed to a vitellogenic stage at day 360. Low white blood cell levels were indicated in all exposed fish. Despite numerous alterations in exposed fish, favorable ecological conditions including high availability of food resulted in a better overall condition of the exposed fish after 1 year of exposure compared to the controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thai Giang
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Viktoriia Burkina
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Sidika Sakalli
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Heike Schmidt-Posthaus
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 122, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Tomas Randak
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Grabic
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Grabicova
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Ganna Fedorova
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Koba
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Oksana Golovko
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Turek
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Cerveny
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Kolarova
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Zlabek
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Su YL, Chen G, Chen LS, Li JZ, Wang G, He JY, Zhan TY, Li YW, Yan MT, Huang YH, Qin QW, Dan XM, Sun HY. Effects of antimicrobial peptides on serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant activity and non-specific immune responses in Epinephelus coioides. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:1081-1087. [PMID: 30593900 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small proteins showing broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that have been known to be powerful agents against a variety of pathogens (bacteria, fungi and viruses). In this study, the effects of AMPs from Bacillus subtilis on Epinephelus coioides were examined. E. coioides were fed with diets containing AMPs (0, 100, 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg) for four weeks. Results showed that the levels of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and blood glucose (GLU) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the serum of E. coioides changed than those of the control group; compared to the control group, the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lysozyme (LZM) levels in E. coioides fed with different dosages AMP diets were also different; in addition, the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in the tissues of E. coioides were measured, the three genes in the tissues examined were significantly upregulated. The results demonstrated that diets containing AMPs can enhance the antioxidant capacity and innate immune ability of E. coioides, indicating that AMPs might be a potential alternative to antibiotics in E. coioides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Su
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China
| | - Guo Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China
| | - Liang-Shi Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China
| | - Jia-Zhou Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jia-Yang He
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China
| | - Tian-Yong Zhan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China
| | - Yan-Wei Li
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Mu-Ting Yan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - You-Hua Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qi-Wei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xue-Ming Dan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Hong-Yan Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Expression of the Shrimp wap gene in Drosophila elicits defense responses and protease inhibitory activity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8779. [PMID: 29884877 PMCID: PMC5993750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The wap gene encodes a single whey acidic protein (WAP) domain-containing peptide from Chinese white shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis), which shows broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and proteinase inhibitory activities in vitro. To explore the medical applications of the WAP peptide, a wap gene transgenic Drosophila melanogaster was constructed. In wap-expressing flies, high expression levels of wap gene (>100 times) were achieved, in contrast to those of control flies, by qRT-PCR analysis. The wap gene expression was associated with increased resistance to microbial infection and decreased bacterial numbers in the flies. In addition, the WAP protein extract from wap-expressing flies, compared with control protein extract from control flies, showed improved antimicrobial activities against broad Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including the clinical drug resistant bacterium of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), improved protease inhibitor activities against crude proteinases and commercial proteinases, including elastase, subtilis proteinase A, and proteinase K in vitro, and improved growth rate and microbial resistance, as well as wound-healing in loach and mouse models. These results suggest that wap-expressing flies could be used as a food additive in aquaculture to prevent infections and a potential antibacterial for fighting drug-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
|
25
|
Kaur N, Kumar R, Kamilya D. Modulation of systemic and mucosal immune responses of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) experimentally challenged with gill monogeneans. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:567-572. [PMID: 29367004 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the modulation of systemic and mucosal immunity of catla (Catla catla) experimentally challenged with gill monogeneans. Fingerlings of catla (24.2 ± 1.5 g) without any parasites were randomly distributed into two groups each comprising quadruplicate tanks (10 fish per tank). The fish in the infected group were challenged with gill monogeneans by cohabitation method. The control group fish were not exposed to parasites. Serum and mucus were collected from both control and infected fish and different immunological parameters were measured at weekly interval for four weeks. Monogeneans on the fish gills were also quantified from infected fish at weekly interval. Different systemic immunological parameters viz. myeloperoxidase content, alkaline phosphatase and hemolytic activity of serum showed a significant increase (p < .05) in infected group. However, respiratory burst activity, total serum protein and anti-protease activity did not show any significant enhancement (p < .05) in infected group compared to control. In case of mucosal parameters, myeloperoxidase content, alkaline phosphatase activity, total protein content and anti-protease activity of mucus showed significant enhancement (p < .05) in infected group compared to control. Parasite prevalence was 100% in the infected group in all the sampling weeks. The mean intensity of parasites was progressively increased and the highest number of monogeneans per gill (45 ± 4.56) was observed during 4th week post challenge. Control group had mean intensity and prevalence of zero. In conclusion, there was the participation of immune system components against monogenean infection in catla. However, the progressive increase in monogenean intensity indicates some immune evasion mechanism available with the monogenean to co-exist with the host in the face of host's immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narinder Kaur
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura (w), India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura (w), India
| | - Dibyendu Kamilya
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura (w), India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
He SW, Wang GH, Yue B, Zhou S, Zhang M. TO17: A teleost antimicrobial peptide that induces degradation of bacterial nucleic acids and inhibits bacterial infection in red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 72:639-645. [PMID: 29183811 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)-1 is well known for its role as an inhibitor of blood coagulation. Several studies have demonstrated that the C-terminal peptides of TFPI-1 are active against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. In a previous study, we found that TO17 (with 17 amino acids), a TFPI-1 C-terminal peptide from red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), was active against Edwardsiella tarda. In the present study, we investigated further the antimicrobial spectrum, action mode, as well as the immunostimulatory property of TO17. Our results showed that TO17 displayed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Vibrio vulnificus, and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus, independent of host serum. Furthermore, the activity of TO17 was influenced by the length or type of amino acids at the N and C termini. During its interaction with V. vulnificus, TO17 exerted its antibacterial activity by destroying cell membrane integrity, penetrating the cytoplasm and inducing degradation of genomic DNA and total RNA. In addition, TO17 had no hemolytic activity against red drum blood cells. In vitro, TO17 enhanced production of nitric oxide and bactericidal activity of red drum macrophages. In vivo, administration of red drum with TO17 before bacterial infection significantly reduced pathogen dissemination and replication in tissues. These results indicate that TO17 is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide with immunostimulatory properties and it has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial agent in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wen He
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Guang-Hua Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Bin Yue
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kamilya D, Debbarma M, Pal P, Kheti B, Sarkar S, Singh ST. Biofloc technology application in indoor culture of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings: The effects on inorganic nitrogen control, growth and immunity. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 182:8-14. [PMID: 28482258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of biofloc-based aquaculture system on inorganic nitrogen control, and growth and immunological responses of rohu (Labeo rohita). Fingerlings of rohu were cultured in indoor biofloc tanks in light-limited condition for 16 weeks with daily addition of molasses as carbon source to maintain the C/N ratio at 15. Different water quality parameters were measured at weekly interval. Growth, survival and welfare indices including stress and immunological status were measured after the end of the experimental period. Factor analysis using water quality variables indicated ammonia immobilization by heterotrophic bacteria, rather than nitrification, as the dominant mechanism influencing ammonia removal in the biofloc system. Ammonia immobilization was concomitant with microbial biomass production, as also revealed through factor analysis. The biofloc culture system enhanced the growth of rohu significantly than the control fish. As a measure of stress, the serum glucose content did not differ significantly between the fish cultured in biofloc and control system. Among the immunological parameters, respiratory burst and alkaline phosphatase activity showed significant enhancement in fish grown in biofloc system than the control. However, myeloperoxidase activity and total serum protein content did not show any statistically significant difference between biofloc and control system. The enhanced growth and welfare of the cultured fish may be attributed to in situ maintenance of water quality within the biofloc system and presence of microbial floc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Kamilya
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799210, Tripura (w), India.
| | - Mitila Debbarma
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799210, Tripura (w), India
| | - Prasenjit Pal
- Department of Extension and Social Science, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799210, Tripura (w), India
| | - Biswanath Kheti
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799210, Tripura (w), India
| | - Sudipto Sarkar
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Triguna School of Technology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Sukham Tushiba Singh
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799210, Tripura (w), India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Singh ST, Kamilya D, Kheti B, Bordoloi B, Parhi J. Paraprobiotic preparation from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FPTB16 modulates immune response and immune relevant gene expression in Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 66:35-42. [PMID: 28476667 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the paraprobiotic effect of heat-inactivated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FPTB16 on immunological response and immune relevant gene expression in catla (Catla catla). Heat inactivation of viable cells of B. amyloliquefaciens was done at 60 °C for 2 h. For preparation of paraprobiotic supplemented diet, the heat-inactivated bacteria were added to the basal diet (control) at three different inclusion levels i.e., 107, 108 and 109 cells g-1 diet. Fish (25.98 ± 2.57 g) were fed with these diets and various immune responses and immune relevant gene expressions were measured after 4 weeks of feeding. Biochemical parameters were also measured along with the immunological responses. Immunological parameters viz. oxygen radical production, serum lysozyme activity and total serum protein content showed significant enhancement (p < 0.05) in fish fed with 108 and 109 cells g-1 diet. Significant enhancement in myeloperoxidase activity was observed in all the dietary groups compared to control. Alkaline phosphatase activity showed significant enhancement (p < 0.05) in fish fed with 107 and 108 cells g-1 diet. Biochemical parameters viz. GPT, GOT and glucose content did not show any significant difference in any of the dietary groups. Immune relevant genes viz. IL-1β, TNF-α, C3 and iNOS showed significantly higher expression in either liver or head-kidney tissues in most of the cases. However, IFN-γ expression showed a down-regulation pattern in both the tissues. In conclusion, the dietary supplementation of heat-inactivated B. amyloliquefaciens enhanced the immunity of catla, particularly at 108 cells g-1 diet. The results collectively suggest the paraprobiotic applicability of B. amyloliquefaciens in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukham Tushiba Singh
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura (w), India
| | - Dibyendu Kamilya
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura (w), India.
| | - Biswanath Kheti
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura (w), India
| | - Biswajyoti Bordoloi
- Department of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura (w), India
| | - Janmejay Parhi
- Department of Fish Genetics and Reproduction, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura (w), India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gao X, Zhang X, Sun J, Du X, Li X, Zhang Y, Lin L. Passive protection effect of anti-Vibrio anguillarum IgY-encapsulated feed on half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevi) against V. anguillarum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 56:483-488. [PMID: 27495124 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum is one of the most harmful pathogens associated with hemorrhage septicemia syndrome in the half-smooth tongue sole (C. semilaevis) due to its high virulence. In this study, we attempted to treat half-smooth tongue sole with anti-V. anguillarum egg yolk powder to elicit a passive immunity directly against V. anguillarum infection. Anti-V. anguillarum IgY was β-cyclodextrin encapsulated in egg yolk powders as feed, which could avoid antibody inactivation in the gastrointestinal tract of half-smooth tongue sole. The IgY had an inhibiting effect on the infection of V. anguillarum in vitro. The survival rate of half-smooth tongue sole fed with basal diet containing 15% anti-V. anguillarum egg yolk powder was 70% after 7 days post-V. anguillarum challenge (10(7) CFU), which was significantly higher than those fed without anti-V. anguillarum egg yolk powder. As well, the bacterial burden in blood, liver, spleen and kidney was significantly lower in half-smooth tongue sole fed with specific IgY than those fed with non-specific IgY. These results suggested that pathogen-specific IgY may provide a valuable treatment for vibriosis infection and can be a promising food additive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; College of Ocean, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Jingjing Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; College of Ocean, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xuedi Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiumei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Marine Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen YB, Hu J, Lyu QJ, Liu LJ, Wen LF, Yang XK, Zhao HH. The effects of Natucin C-Natucin P mixture on blood biochemical parameters, antioxidant activity and non-specific immune responses in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:367-373. [PMID: 27298271 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Natucin C (NC) and Natucin P (NP) are two kinds of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In the present study, the effects of NC-NP mixture on a tilapia species (Oreochromis niloticus) were examined. Animals were fed with either a control diet or one of five AMP-supplemented diets for eight weeks. AMP-supplemented diets contained five increasing levels of NP from G1 to G5 and one level of NC (200 mg/kg). Results showed that fish in the G3, G4 and G5 groups had significantly higher levels of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLO) in serum than fish in the control group. Fish fed with G4 and G5 diets exhibited significantly higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to the control fish. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in all AMP-supplemented groups were significantly lower than the control. In addition, the total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and lysozyme (LZM) activities were significantly increased in fish fed with the G3 and G4 diets, respectively compared to the control. The serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in fish fed with AMP-supplemented diets were significantly decreased compared to those not supplemented with AMPs. Furthermore, the mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the hepatopancreas, spleen, kidney and gill were measured. Overall, the expression levels were enhanced in an NP dose-dependent and tissue-specific manner. The expressions of four genes in four organs (except IL-1β in spleen, and TNF-α and HSP70 in gill) were significantly upregulated in fish fed with the G5 diet. Fish fed with the G4 diet had increased expression levels of IL-1β in spleen and IFN-γ in kidney. The relative expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and HSP70 in the hepatopancreas in fish fed with the G3 diet were significantly upregulated compared to the control. Transcriptional levels of IL-1β and HSP70 in the hepatopancreas, IFN-γ and HSP70 in the kidney and IL-1β in the gills of fish fed with the G2 diet were upregulated. Taken together, our results indicated that the NC-NP mixture can enhance the antioxidant capacity and innate immune ability of O. niloticus, indicating that this mixture might be a potential alternative to antibiotics when used as a feed additive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Bin Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Juan Hu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qing-Ji Lyu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Li-Jie Liu
- Marine Biology Institute & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Liu-Fa Wen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xian-Kuan Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Hui-Hong Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nguyen HV, Caruso D, Lebrun M, Nguyen NT, Trinh TT, Meile JC, Chu-Ky S, Sarter S. Antibacterial activity of Litsea cubeba (Lauraceae, May Chang) and its effects on the biological response of common carp Cyprinus carpio challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:341-51. [PMID: 27124660 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this study were to characterize the antibacterial activity and the chemotype of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) harvested in North Vietnam and to investigate the biological effects induced by the leaf powder on growth, nonspecific immunity and survival of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. METHODS AND RESULTS The EO showed the prevalence of linalool (95%, n = 5). It was bactericidal against the majority of tested strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0·72 to 2·89 mg ml(-1) (Aer. hydrophila, Edwarsiella tarda, Vibrio furnissii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Streptococcus garvieae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium). The fish was fed with 0 (control), 2, 4 and 8% leaf powder supplementation diets for 21 days. Nonspecific immunity parameters (lysozyme, haemolytic and bactericidal activities of plasma) were assessed 21 days after feeding period and before the experimental infection. Weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio were improved by supplementation of L. cubeba in a dose-related manner, and a significant difference appeared at the highest dose (8%) when compared to the control. The increase in plasma lysozyme was significant for all the treated groups. Haemolysis activity was higher for the groups fed with 4 and 8% plant powder. Antibacterial activity increased significantly for the 8% dose only. CONCLUSIONS Litsea cubeba leaf powder increased nonspecific immunity of carps in dose-related manner. After infection with Aer. hydrophila, survivals of fish fed with 4 and 8% L. cubeba doses were significantly higher than those fed with 2% dose and the control. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY A range of 4-8% L. cubeba leaf powder supplementation diet (from specific linalool-rich chemotype) can be used in aquaculture to reduce antibiotic burden and impacts of diseases caused by Aer. hydrophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H V Nguyen
- Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,UMR Qualisud, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.,UMR Qualisud, CIRAD, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - D Caruso
- ISEM UMR 226, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - M Lebrun
- UMR Qualisud, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - N T Nguyen
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T T Trinh
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - J-C Meile
- UMR Qualisud, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - S Chu-Ky
- Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - S Sarter
- UMR Qualisud, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.,UMR Qualisud, CIRAD, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|