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González-Fernández C, García-Álvarez MA, Cuesta A. Identification and functional characterization of fish IL-17 receptors suggest important roles in the response to nodavirus infection. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 6:252-265. [PMID: 38827125 PMCID: PMC11136934 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-024-00225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Th17 is a lymphocyte T helper (Th) subpopulation relevant in the control and regulation of the immune response characterized by the production of interleukin (IL)-17. This crucial cytokine family acts through their binding to the IL-17 receptors (IL-17R), having up to six members. Although the biology of fish Th17 is well-recognized, the molecular and functional characterization of IL-17 and IL-17R has been limited. Thus, our aim was to identify and characterize the IL-17R repertory and regulation in the two main Mediterranean cultured fish species, the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Our in silico results showed the clear identification of six members in each fish species, from IL-17RA to IL-17RE-like, with well-conserved gene structure and protein domains with their human orthologues. All of them showed wide and constitutive transcription in naïve tissues but with highest levels in mucosal tissues, namely skin, gill or intestine. In leucocytes, T mitogens showed the strongest up-regulation in most of the il17 receptors though il17ra resulted in inhibition by most stimulants. Interestingly, in vivo nodavirus infection resulted in alterations on the transcription of il17 receptors. While nodavirus infection led to some increments in the il17ra, il17rb, il17rc and il17rd transcripts in the susceptible European sea bass, many down-regulations were observed in the resistant gilthead seabream. Our data identify the presence and conservation of six coding IL-17R in gilthead seabream and European sea bass as well as their differential regulation in vitro and upon nodavirus infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00225-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen González-Fernández
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Laboratoire d’écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, INRAE, UR RiverLy, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Miguel A. García-Álvarez
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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2
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Lyu S, Guo Q, Shen W, Han M, Xiong F, Dai X, Liu L, Bu W, Lou B, Yuan J. Comparative analysis of whole-transcriptome RNA expression of lung tissue of Chinese soft-shell turtle infected by Trionyx sinensis Hemorrhagic Syndrome Virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 144:109236. [PMID: 37992913 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Trionyx sinensis Hemorrhagic Syndrome Virus (TSHSV), the first aquatic arterivirus identified in China, causes severe mortality to T. sinensis. In this study, we sought to determine the functions of T. sinensis mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that were differentially expressed (DE) over different periods of TSHSV infection of T. sinensis lung. We used RT-qPCR to validate the sequencing results of select RNAs, confirming their reliable and referable nature. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were used to predict multiple biological functions and signaling pathways in various comparison groups (1-day versus mock, 3-day versus 1-day, and 5-day versus 3-day). Multiple types of differentially expressed RNA, including mRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, and miRNA, were associated with cardiac dysfunction, coagulation abnormalities, and arachidonic acid metabolism at day 1. Pre-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory factors such as PLA2G4A, cPLA2, γ-GGT1, TNFRSF14, TCP11L2, PTER CYP2J2 and LTC4S, were noticeably regulated at the same time. On day 3, multiple GO terms and KEGG pathways were implicated, including those related to virus defense, apoptosis, pyroptosis, and inflammatory response. Notably, key genes such as RSAD2, TRIM39, STAT4, CASP1, CASP14, MYD88, CXCL3, CARD11, ZBP1, and ROBO4 exhibited significant regulation. The lncRNAs and circRNAs that targeted the genes involved in viral recognition (TLR5), apoptosis (CARD11), pyroptosis (ZBP1), inflammatory processes (NEK7, RASGRP4, and SELE) and angiogenesis (ROBO4) exhibited significant regulation. Significantly regulated miRNAs were primarily linked to genes involved in apoptosis (Let-7f-3p, miR-1260a, miR-455-3p), and inflammation (miR-146a, miR-125a, miR-17a, miR-301b, and miR-30a-3p). The findings could advance our understanding of the host immunological response to TSHSV and offer new ideas for developing effective strategies to prevent infection of T. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjian Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198, Shiqiao Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, PR China
| | - Qi Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198, Shiqiao Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, PR China
| | - Weifeng Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198, Shiqiao Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, PR China
| | - Mingming Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198, Shiqiao Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, PR China
| | - Fulei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198, Shiqiao Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Dai
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, 258, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198, Shiqiao Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, PR China.
| | - Weishao Bu
- Yunhe County Qingjiang Ecological Trionyx sinensis Breeding Cooperative, Shipu Village, Jinshuitan Town, Yunhe County, Zhejiang, 310018, PR China
| | - Bao Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198, Shiqiao Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, PR China
| | - Julin Yuan
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, 999 South Hangchangqiao Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, PR China
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Wang Y, Zheng S, Zeng W, Yin J, Li Y, Ren Y, Mo X, Shi C, Bergmann SM, Wang Q. Comparative transcriptional analysis between virulent isolate HN1307 and avirulent isolate GD1108 of grass carp reovirus genotype II. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 147:104893. [PMID: 37451563 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
As a widespread epidemic virus, genotype II of the grass carp reovirus poses a significant threat to the grass carp farming industry in China. Different genotype II isolates cause different degrees of virulence, although the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this work, infections of grass carp with the virulent isolate grass carp reovirus (GCRV)-HN1307 and the avirulent isolate GCRV-GD1108 were performed to reveal a possible mutual transcriptional discrepancy. More differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the HN1307-infected group, which defined a grossly similar gene ontology (GO) pattern and different pathway landscape as the GD1108-infected group. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that pathways related to innate immunity and metabolism were reciprocally activated and suppressed, respectively, following infection withHN1307, compared with GD1108. The trend analysis further indicated that immune-related pathways were involved in one of the four statistically significant profiles. Network analysis of transcription factor-gene interactions and protein-protein interactions on the immune-related profile suggested that among the core transcriptional factors (TFs) (UBTF, HCFC1, MAZ, MAX, and NRF1) and the hub proteins (Tlr3, Tlr7, Tlr9, Irf3, and Irf7), the latter were highly enriched in the toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Real-time quantitative PCR performed on the selected mRNAs validated the relative expression. This work will provide insights into the distinct transcriptional signatures from avirulent and virulent isolates of GCRV, which may contribute to the development of products for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Shucheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Weiwei Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
| | - Jiyuan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Yan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Xubing Mo
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Cunbin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Sven M Bergmann
- Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
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Peruzza L, Tucci CF, Frizzo R, Riello T, Quagliariello A, Martino ME, Manuzzi A, Dalla Rovere G, Bonsembiante F, Gelain ME, Smits M, Borgheresi O, Camerani F, Panin M, Venier P, Mammi S, Hauton C, Patarnello T, Milan M, Bargelloni L. Impaired reproduction, energy reserves and dysbiosis: The overlooked consequences of heatwaves in a bivalve mollusc. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 193:115192. [PMID: 37364338 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Extreme events like Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) are becoming more intense, severe, and frequent, threatening benthic communities, specifically bivalves. However, the consequences of non-lethal MHWs on animals are still poorly understood. Here, we exposed the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum to non-lethal MHW for 30 days and provided an integrative view of its effects. Our result indicated that albeit non-lethal, MHW reduced clam's energy reserves (by reducing their hepato-somatic index), triggered antioxidant defenses (particularly in males), impaired reproduction (via the production of smaller oocytes in females), triggered dysbiosis in the digestive gland microbiota and altered animals' behaviour (by impacting their burying capacity) and filtration rate. Such effects were seen also at RNA-seq (i.e. many down-regulated genes belonged to reproduction) and metabolome level. Interestingly, negative effects were more pronounced in males than in females. Our results show that MHWs influence animal physiology at multiple levels, likely impacting its fitness and its ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Peruzza
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Carmen Federica Tucci
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Riccardo Frizzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Tobia Riello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Quagliariello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Martino
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Alice Manuzzi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Rovere
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Federico Bonsembiante
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Gelain
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Morgan Smits
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Camerani
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Mattia Panin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Venier
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Mammi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Chris Hauton
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way Southampton, UK
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; NFBC, National Future Biodiversity Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Milan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; NFBC, National Future Biodiversity Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; NFBC, National Future Biodiversity Center, Palermo, Italy
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5
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Pereiro P, Figueras A, Novoa B. RNA-Seq analysis of juvenile gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) provides some clues regarding their resistance to the nodavirus RGNNV genotype. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108588. [PMID: 36740080 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) is considered an asymptomatic carrier for the nodavirus genotype affecting European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), RGNNV. Only larvae and juveniles of sea bream have been found to be susceptible to the RGNNV/SJNNV reassortant. Nevertheless, the molecular bases of the high resistance of sea bream against RGNNV are not known, and the overall transcriptome response to the virus remains unexplored. In this work, we conducted the first RNA-Seq analysis of sea bream infected with RGNNV to elucidate the immune mechanisms involved in their resistance. Since we recently published the transcriptome response of sea bass infected with RGNNV, we wanted to take the same tissues (brain and head kidney) at the same time points (24 and 72 h postinfection) to conduct comparative analyses. Sea bream responded to RGNNV challenge with a powerful immune arsenal characterized by the high expression of a multitude of type I interferon-related genes, immune receptors and antigen presentation-related genes in both tissues. Moreover, complement-, coagulation- and angiogenesis-related genes were highly enriched in the head kidney at the earlier sampling point. Interestingly, despite the strong immune response found in the brain, inflammation seems to have been restrained, resulting in a neuroprotective scenario. While the response in sea bass was characterized by the activation of the stress axis, which could lead to immunosuppression and neuronal damage, genes involved in these processes were not modulated in sea bream. An efficient antiviral response accompanied by low inflammation and the absence of stimulation of the stress response seem to play a role in the success of sea bream in resisting RGNNV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beatriz Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
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Robinson NA, Robledo D, Sveen L, Daniels RR, Krasnov A, Coates A, Jin YH, Barrett LT, Lillehammer M, Kettunen AH, Phillips BL, Dempster T, Doeschl‐Wilson A, Samsing F, Difford G, Salisbury S, Gjerde B, Haugen J, Burgerhout E, Dagnachew BS, Kurian D, Fast MD, Rye M, Salazar M, Bron JE, Monaghan SJ, Jacq C, Birkett M, Browman HI, Skiftesvik AB, Fields DM, Selander E, Bui S, Sonesson A, Skugor S, Østbye TK, Houston RD. Applying genetic technologies to combat infectious diseases in aquaculture. REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE 2023; 15:491-535. [PMID: 38504717 PMCID: PMC10946606 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Disease and parasitism cause major welfare, environmental and economic concerns for global aquaculture. In this review, we examine the status and potential of technologies that exploit genetic variation in host resistance to tackle this problem. We argue that there is an urgent need to improve understanding of the genetic mechanisms involved, leading to the development of tools that can be applied to boost host resistance and reduce the disease burden. We draw on two pressing global disease problems as case studies-sea lice infestations in salmonids and white spot syndrome in shrimp. We review how the latest genetic technologies can be capitalised upon to determine the mechanisms underlying inter- and intra-species variation in pathogen/parasite resistance, and how the derived knowledge could be applied to boost disease resistance using selective breeding, gene editing and/or with targeted feed treatments and vaccines. Gene editing brings novel opportunities, but also implementation and dissemination challenges, and necessitates new protocols to integrate the technology into aquaculture breeding programmes. There is also an ongoing need to minimise risks of disease agents evolving to overcome genetic improvements to host resistance, and insights from epidemiological and evolutionary models of pathogen infestation in wild and cultured host populations are explored. Ethical issues around the different approaches for achieving genetic resistance are discussed. Application of genetic technologies and approaches has potential to improve fundamental knowledge of mechanisms affecting genetic resistance and provide effective pathways for implementation that could lead to more resistant aquaculture stocks, transforming global aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Robinson
- Nofima ASTromsøNorway
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Diego Robledo
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Rose Ruiz Daniels
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Andrew Coates
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ye Hwa Jin
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Luke T. Barrett
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research StationMatredalNorway
| | | | | | - Ben L. Phillips
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tim Dempster
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Andrea Doeschl‐Wilson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Francisca Samsing
- Sydney School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of SydneyCamdenAustralia
| | | | - Sarah Salisbury
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Dominic Kurian
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Mark D. Fast
- Atlantic Veterinary CollegeThe University of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPrince Edward IslandCanada
| | | | | | - James E. Bron
- Institute of AquacultureUniversity of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Sean J. Monaghan
- Institute of AquacultureUniversity of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Celeste Jacq
- Blue Analytics, Kong Christian Frederiks Plass 3BergenNorway
| | | | - Howard I. Browman
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Ecosystem Acoustics GroupTromsøNorway
| | - Anne Berit Skiftesvik
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Ecosystem Acoustics GroupTromsøNorway
| | | | - Erik Selander
- Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Samantha Bui
- Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research StationMatredalNorway
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Mezzelani M, Peruzza L, d'Errico G, Milan M, Gorbi S, Regoli F. Mixtures of environmental pharmaceuticals in marine organisms: Mechanistic evidence of carbamazepine and valsartan effects on Mytilus galloprovincialis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 860:160465. [PMID: 36427727 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Unravelling the adverse outcomes of pharmaceuticals mixture represents a research priority to characterize the risk for marine ecosystems. The present study investigated, for the first time, the interactions between two of the most largely detected pharmaceuticals in marine species: carbamazepine (CBZ) and valsartan (VAL), elucidating mechanisms that can modulate bioaccumulation, excretion and the onset of toxicity. Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed to environmental levels of CBZ and VAL dosed alone or in combination: measurement of drug bioaccumulation was integrated with changes in the whole transcriptome and responsiveness of various biochemical and cellular biomarkers. Interactive and competing mechanisms between tested drugs were revealed by the much higher CBZ accumulation in mussels exposed to this compound alone, while an opposite trend was observed for VAL. A complex network of responses was observed as variations of gene expression, functional effects on neurotransmission, cell cycle, immune responses and redox homeostasis. The elaboration of results through a quantitative Weight of Evidence model summarized a greater biological reactivity of CBZ compared to VAL and antagonistic interactions between these compounds, resulting in a reduced effect of the antiepileptic when combined with valsartan. Overall, new perspectives are highlighted for a more comprehensive risk assessment of environmental mixtures of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Mezzelani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Peruzza
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16 - 35020 Legnaro (PD), Polo di Agripolis, Italy
| | - Giuseppe d'Errico
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Milan
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16 - 35020 Legnaro (PD), Polo di Agripolis, Italy
| | - Stefania Gorbi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy.
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8
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Zhao JZ, Xu LM, Ren GM, Shao YZ, Liu Q, Teng CB, Lu TY. Comparative transcriptome analysis of rainbow trout gonadal cells (RTG-2) infected with U and J genogroup infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1109606. [PMID: 36733771 PMCID: PMC9887044 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1109606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is the causative pathogen of infectious hematopoietic necrosis, outbreaks of which are responsible for significant losses in rainbow trout aquaculture. Strains of IHNV isolated worldwide have been classified into five major genogroups, J, E, L, M, and U. To date, comparative transcriptomic analysis has only been conducted individually for the J and M genogroups. In this study, we compared the transcriptome profiles in U genogroup and J genogroup IHNV-infected RTG-2 cells with mock-infected RTG-2 cells. The RNA-seq results revealed 17,064 new genes, of which 7,390 genes were functionally annotated. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis between U and J IHNV-infected cells revealed 2,238 DEGs, including 1,011 downregulated genes and 1,227 upregulated genes. Among the 2,238 DEGs, 345 new genes were discovered. The DEGs related to immune responses, cellular signal transduction, and viral diseases were further analyzed. RT-qPCR validation confirmed that the changes in expression of the immune response-related genes trpm2, sting, itgb7, ripk2, and irf1, cellular signal transduction-related genes irl, cacnb2, bmp2l, gadd45α, and plk2, and viral disease-related genes mlf1, mtor, armc5, pik3r1, and c-myc were consistent with the results of transcriptome analysis. Taken together, our findings provide a comprehensive transcriptional analysis of the differential virulence of the U and J genogroups of IHNV, and shed new light on the pathogenic mechanisms of IHNV strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zhuang Zhao
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China,Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Li-Ming Xu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Guang-Ming Ren
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Shao
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chun-Bo Teng
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tong-Yan Lu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Tong-Yan Lu, ✉
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García-Álvarez MÁ, Arizcun M, Chaves-Pozo E, Cuesta A. Profile of Innate Immunity in Gilthead Seabream Larvae Reflects Mortality upon Betanodavirus Reassortant Infection and Replication. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095092. [PMID: 35563482 PMCID: PMC9105140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) has been considered a fish species resistant to nervous necrosis virus (NNV) disease. Nevertheless, mortality in seabream hatcheries, associated with typical clinical signs of the viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) disease has been confirmed to be caused by RGNNV/SJNNV reassortants. Because of this, seabream larvae at 37 and 86 days post-hatching (dph) were infected by immersion with RGNNV/SJNNV and SJNNV/RGNNV reassortants under laboratory conditions, and mortality, viral replication and immunity were evaluated. Our results show that gilthead seabream larvae, mainly those at 37 dph, are susceptible to infection with both NNV reassortant genotypes, with the highest impact from the RGNNV/SJNNV reassortant. In addition, viral replication occurs at both ages (37 and 86 dph) but the recovery of infective particles was only confirmed in 37 dph larvae,; this value was also highest with the RGNNV/SJNNV reassortant. Larvae immunity, including the expression of antiviral, inflammatory and cell-mediated cytotoxicity genes, was affected by NNV infection. Levels of the natural killer lysin (Nkl) peptide were increased in SJNNV/RGNNV-infected larvae of 37 dph, though hepcidin was not. Our results demonstrate that the seabream larvae are susceptible to both NNV reassortants, though mainly to RGNNV/SJNNV, in an age-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel García-Álvarez
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Marta Arizcun
- Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Spanish National Research Council (IEO-CSIC), Carretera de la Azohía s/n. Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.); (E.C.-P.)
| | - Elena Chaves-Pozo
- Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Spanish National Research Council (IEO-CSIC), Carretera de la Azohía s/n. Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.); (E.C.-P.)
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094899. [PMID: 35563287 PMCID: PMC9103719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a burden for aquaculture. Antigen processing and presentation (APP) to the immune effector cells that fight pathogens is key in the adaptive immune response. At the core of the adaptive immunity that appeared in lower vertebrates during evolution are the variable genes encoding the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). MHC class I molecules mainly present peptides processed in the cytosol by the proteasome and transported to the cell surface of all cells through secretory compartments. Professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPC) also express MHC class II molecules, which normally present peptides processed from exogenous antigens through lysosomal pathways. Autophagy is an intracellular self-degradation process that is conserved in all eukaryotes and is induced by starvation to contribute to cellular homeostasis. Self-digestion during autophagy mainly occurs by the fusion of autophagosomes, which engulf portions of cytosol and fuse with lysosomes (macroautophagy) or assisted by chaperones (chaperone-mediated autophagy, CMA) that deliver proteins to lysosomes. Thus, during self-degradation, antigens can be processed to be presented by the MHC to immune effector cells, thus, linking autophagy to APP. This review is focused on the essential components of the APP that are conserved in teleost fish and the increasing evidence related to the modulation of APP and autophagy during pathogen infection.
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11
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Fish Hosts Responses to Nervous Necrosis Virus. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020201. [PMID: 35215144 PMCID: PMC8875540 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) has been responsible for mass mortalities in the aquaculture industry worldwide, with great economic and environmental impact. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge of gene expression responses to nervous necrosis virus infection in different fish species based on transcriptomic analysis data. Four electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS were searched, and more than 500 publications on the subject were identified. Following the application of the appropriate testing, a total of 24 articles proved eligible for this review. NNV infection of different host species, in different developmental stages and tissues, presented in the eligible publications, are described in detail, revealing and highlighting genes and pathways that are most affected by the viral infection. Those transcriptome studies of NNV infected fish are oriented in elucidating the roles of genes/biomarkers for functions of special interest, depending on each study’s specific emphasis. This review presents a first attempt to provide an overview of universal host reaction mechanisms to viral infections, which will provide us with new perspectives to overcome NNV infection to build healthier and sustainable aquaculture systems.
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12
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Gémez-Mata J, Souto S, Bandín I, Alonso MDC, Borrego JJ, Labella AM, García-Rosado E. Immune Response of Senegalese Sole against Betanodavirus Mutants with Modified Virulence. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111388. [PMID: 34832544 PMCID: PMC8621919 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), genus Betanodavirus, the etiological agent of the viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), presents a genome with two positive-sense single-stranded RNA segments. Striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV) and red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), together with reassortants RGNNV/SJNNV, are the betanodaviruses predominantly isolated in Southern Europe. An RGNNV/SJNNV reassortant isolated from Senegalese sole (wt160) causes high mortalities in this fish species. This virus presents differences in the sequence of the 3’ non-coding region (NCR) of both segments compared to RGNNV and SJNNV reference strains. Previously, it has been reported that the reversion of two of these differences (nucleotides 1408 and 1412) in the RNA2 3’NCR to the SJNNV-type (recombinant r1408-1412) resulted in a decrease in sole mortality. In the present study, we have applied an OpenArray® to analyse the involvement of sole immune response in the virulence of several recombinants: the r1408-1412 and two recombinants, developed in the present study, harbouring mutations at positions 3073 and 3093 of RNA1 3’NCR to revert them to RGNNV-type. According to the correlation values and to the number of expressed genes, the infection with the RNA2-mutant provoked the most different immune response compared to the immune response triggered after the infection with the rest of the viruses, and the exclusive and high upregulation of genes related to the complement system. The infection with the RNA1-mutants also provoked a decrease in mortality and their replication was delayed at least 24 h compared to the wt160 replication, which could provoke the lag observed in the immune response. Furthermore, the infection with the RNA1-mutants provoked the exclusive expression of pkr and the downregulation of il17rc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gémez-Mata
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Mi-Crobiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (M.d.C.A.); (J.J.B.); (A.M.L.)
| | - Sandra Souto
- Instituto de Acuicultura, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Isabel Bandín
- Instituto de Acuicultura, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.S.); (I.B.)
| | - María del Carmen Alonso
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Mi-Crobiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (M.d.C.A.); (J.J.B.); (A.M.L.)
| | - Juan José Borrego
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Mi-Crobiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (M.d.C.A.); (J.J.B.); (A.M.L.)
| | - Alejandro Manuel Labella
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Mi-Crobiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (M.d.C.A.); (J.J.B.); (A.M.L.)
| | - Esther García-Rosado
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Mi-Crobiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (M.d.C.A.); (J.J.B.); (A.M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-952131607
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