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Cortés-Sánchez ADJ, Diaz-Ramírez M, Rayas-Amor AA, Espinosa-Chaurand LD, Torres-Ochoa E, Salgado-Cruz MDLP. Microbiological Hazards in the Food Chain of Fish and Products, a Focus on Klebsiella spp. Vet Sci 2025; 12:133. [PMID: 40005893 PMCID: PMC11861074 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2025] [Revised: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Feeding is an elementary human need from which we obtain the energy and nutrients necessary for development and survival. Health heavily depends on food, which can be a means of different microbial hazards when contaminated at any stage of the food chain, compromising food safety and consumer health. Fish are considered widely produced foods (fishing or aquaculture) and are marketed worldwide; they are also a basic element of the human diet because they are a source of proteins and lipids. On the other hand, owing to their chemical properties (neutral pH and water activity), fish are highly susceptible to contamination by saprophytic and pathogenic microorganisms related to spoilage and risk to human health. Among the contaminating microorganisms in fish are bacteria of the genus Klebsiella, which are considered important in human and animal health worldwide due to their opportunistic pathogenicity, resistance to various antimicrobials, and association with numerous infections at the community and hospital levels, where foods such as fish and other products can serve as important sources of transmission. Therefore, this document presents a bibliographic review focused on describing, in a general way, the genus Klebsiella and its relationship with human health, aquatic animal health, and the safety of fish and products, as well as laboratory analysis procedures and identification of control and prevention measures of this biological hazard in fish and products to safeguard public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro De Jesús Cortés-Sánchez
- Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación (SECIHTI), Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Col. Crédito Constructor, Alcaldía Benito Juárez 03940, Estado de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Av. de las Garzas No. 10, Col. El Panteón, Lerma de Villada 52005, Estado de México, Mexico; (M.D.-R.); (A.A.R.-A.)
| | - Mayra Diaz-Ramírez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Av. de las Garzas No. 10, Col. El Panteón, Lerma de Villada 52005, Estado de México, Mexico; (M.D.-R.); (A.A.R.-A.)
| | - Adolfo Armando Rayas-Amor
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Av. de las Garzas No. 10, Col. El Panteón, Lerma de Villada 52005, Estado de México, Mexico; (M.D.-R.); (A.A.R.-A.)
| | - Luis Daniel Espinosa-Chaurand
- Unidad Nayarit del Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Calle Dos No. 23. Av. Emilio M. González Cd. Industrial, Tepic 63173, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Erika Torres-Ochoa
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería en Pesquerías, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur Km 5.5. Colonia el Mezquitito, La Paz 23080, Baja California Sur, Mexico;
| | - Ma. De la Paz Salgado-Cruz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Gustavo A. Madero 07700, Estado de México, Mexico;
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Cai K, Xu M, Liu L, Zhao H. Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Dairy Cows in Xinjiang, China. Vet Med Sci 2025; 11:e70120. [PMID: 39582476 PMCID: PMC11586637 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infections in humans and animals. Nonetheless, little is known about the molecular epidemiology of mastitis-associated K. pneumoniae in dairy cows. OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study investigated the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of K. pneumoniae in 700 milk samples collected from cows with and without mastitis in seven dairy farms in Xinjiang, China. METHODS K. pneumoniae was identified by PCR amplification of the khe gene and the automated VITEK 2 Compact System. Resistance against 18 antimicrobial agents was analysed by broth microdilution. Forty-four new strains were sequenced by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). WGS data were searched for the presence of AMR and virulence genes. Genotypic characterization was performed by multilocus sequence typing and the analysis of wzi allele types and K and O antigens. RESULTS K. pneumoniae isolates were found in 131 samples (18.7%). The prevalence of K. pneumoniae in cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis was higher than that in healthy cows (27.1%, 23.2% and 7.3%, respectively). WGS identified 27 wzi allele types, 16 K antigen serotypes, 6 O antigen serotypes and 25 sequence types. Phylogenetic analysis showed high genomic diversity in K. pneumoniae. The rate of resistance to tetracycline and cefazolin was 39.7% and 31.3%, and the multidrug resistance rate was 26.7%. Thirty-nine AMR genes conferring resistance to nine antibiotic classes and 57 virulence genes were identified in new isolates. AMR and virulence genes were more prevalent in known human isolates than in new isolates. CONCLUSIONS These results improve our understanding of the epidemiology and resistance status of mastitis-associated K. pneumoniae strains. The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains threaten food safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuojun Cai
- College of Veterinary MedicineXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
- Urumqi Animal Disease Control and Diagnosis CenterUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Min Xu
- Urumqi Dairy AssociationUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Veterinary MedicineXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Hongqiong Zhao
- College of Veterinary MedicineXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
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Hu G, Yin L, Luo X, Miao Y, Yu J. A Duplex PCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium in Large Yellow Croaker Fish. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:508-516. [PMID: 38708669 PMCID: PMC11947639 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium cause an increasing number of diseases in fish, resulting in great economic losses in aquaculture. In addition, the disease infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae or Chryseobacterium exhibited the similar clinical symptoms in aquatic animals. However, there is no effective means for the simultaneous detection of co-infection and discrimination them for these two pathogens. Here, we developed a duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on the outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium. The specificity and validity of the designed primers were confirmed experimentally using simplex PCR. The expected amplicons for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium had a size of 663 and 1404 bp, respectively. The optimal condition for duplex PCR were determined to encompass a primer concentration of 0.5 μM and annealing temperature of 57°C. This method was analytical specific with no amplification being observed from the genomic DNA of Escherichia coli, Vibrio harveyi, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, Aeromonas hydrophila and Acinetobacter johnsonii. The limit of detection was estimated to be 20 fg of genomic DNA for Chryseobacterium and 200 fg for Klebsiella pneumoniae, or 100 colony-forming units (CFU) of bacterial cells in both cases. The duplex PCR was capable of simultaneously amplifying target fragments from genomic DNA extracted from the bacteria and fish liver. For practical validation of the method, 20 diseased fish were collected from farms, among which 4 samples were PCR-positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium. The duplex PCR method developed here is time-saving, specific, convenient, and may prove to be an invaluable tool for molecular detection and epidemiological investigation of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium in the field of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowei Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Longfei Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xi Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yingjie Miao
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jianyun Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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Liao W, Wei D, Liu M, Huang L, Li B, Wei Y, Han S, Huang S, Yu Q, Li P. Phenotypic characteristics and immune response of Procypris merus following challenge with aquatic isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13875. [PMID: 37881099 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Currently, aquaculture is a relatively mature industry; however, disease problems are continuously threatening the industry and hindering its development to a certain extent. Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the zoonotic bacteria widely present in different hosts and has caused some degree of harm to the aquaculture industry, posing a potential threat to the water environment and indirectly also affecting human food safety issues. In this study, K. pneumoniae was isolated from the aquaculture environment, named as ELD, and subjected to pathogenic and immunological related studies. The results of the study showed that the strain carries at least four virulence-related genes, magA, wabG, ureA and uge, and has developed resistance to at least seven antibacterial drugs, such as amoxicillin, doxycycline, rifampicin, and so on. Moreover, the strain is highly pathogenic and is capable of causing systemic clinical foci in Procypris merus. In addition, after infection with K. pneumoniae, the expression of IL-1β, IL-8, HSP70 and C2 was upregulated in P. merus as a whole, whereas the expression of TNF-α did not change significantly in any of the tissues, which might be a kind of immune response of P. merus against K. pneumoniae infection. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the in-depth exploration of the pathogenic mechanism of K. pneumoniae in fish and the immune response that occurs after the disease is contracted in fish, as well as theoretical support for the development of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies against K. pneumoniae-infected aquatic animals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Liao
- College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Lin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Bingzheng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Quality Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Yunyi Wei
- College of Food Science and Quality Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Shuyu Han
- Guangxi Fisheries Technology Extension Station, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Shuaishuai Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Quality Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, P.R. China
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Li S, Wang X, Lu Y, Wang J, Yu D, Zhou Z, Wei J, Liu L, Liu J, Liu F, Su Y, Xu H. Co-infections of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Elizabethkingia miricola in black-spotted frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus). Microb Pathog 2023; 180:106150. [PMID: 37196678 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pelophylax nigromaculatus is a common commercial species of frogs that generally cultured throughout China. With the application of high-density culture, P. nigromaculatus can be co-infected by two or more pathogens, which thereby induce synergistic influence on the virulence of the infection. In this study, two bacterial strains were simultaneously isolated from diseased frogs by incubating on Luria-Bertani (LB) agar. Isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Elizabethkingia miricola by morphological, physiological and biochemical features, as well as 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The whole genome of K. pneumoniae and E. miricola isolates consist single circular chromosome of 5,419,557 bp and 4,215,349 bp, respectively. The genomic sequence analysis further indicated that K. pneumoniae isolates conserved 172 virulent and 349 antibiotic-resistance genes, whereas E. miricola contained 24 virulent and 168 antibiotic resistance genes. In LB broth, both isolates could grow well at 0%-1% NaCl concentration and pH 5-7. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that both K. pneumoniae and E. miricola were resistant to kanamycin, neomycin, ampicillin, piperacillin, carbenicillin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and sulfisoxazole. Histopathological studies showed that co-infection caused considerable lesions in the tissues of brain, eye, muscle, spleen, kidney and liver, including cell degeneration, necrosis, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration. The LD50 of K. pneumoniae and E. miricola isolates were 6.31 × 105 CFU/g and 3.98 × 105 CFU/g frog weight, respectively. Moreover, experimentally infected frogs exhibited quick and higher mortality under coinfection with K. pneumoniae and E. miricola than those single challenge of each bacterium. To date, no natural co-infection by these two bacteria has been reported from frogs and even amphibians. The results will not only shed light on the feature and pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae and E. miricola, but also highlight that co-infection of these two pathogen is a potential threat to black-spotted frog farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurui Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Xiaoni Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Yulan Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Jiahuan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Denghang Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China; China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jin Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Lihe Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB242TZ, UK
| | - Yingbing Su
- School of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434020, China
| | - Hongsen Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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Feng J, Jia Z, Yuan G, Zhu X, Liu Q, Wu K, Wang J, Zou J. Expression and functional characterization of three β-defensins in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:104616. [PMID: 36565823 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
β-defensins (BDs) are a group of cysteine-rich cationic antimicrobial peptides and play important roles in the first line of defense against infection. In this study, the expression and antibacterial activities of three grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (Ci) β-defensin (BD) peptides were comparatively investigated. Expression analysis reveals that CiBD1-3 were constitutively expressed in tissues, with the highest expression detected in the skin. The CiBD-1 transcripts were more abundant than CiBD-2 and CiBD-3. In the primary head kidney leukocytes, CiBDs were induced by PHA, LPS, poly(I:C) and cytokines such as IL-1β and IFN-γ. In vivo challenge of fish with Aeromonas hydrophila resulted in the up-regulation of CiBDs in the head kidney and hindgut. To determine the biological activities, recombinant CiBD proteins were produced in the HEK293-F cells and purified for the minimum inhibitory concentration assay. It was found that all three recombinant CiBD proteins were effective to inhibit the growth of Gram-negative fish bacterial pathogens including Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Flavobacterium columnare and Klebsiella pneumoniae and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. CiBD-2 and CiBD-3 were more effective than CiBD-1. Our results demonstrate that all the three CiBDs have broad antibacterial activity against fish bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Gaoliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Kaizheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Junya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China.
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Microbiological Characteristics and Pathogenesis of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Hainan Black Goat. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090471. [PMID: 36136687 PMCID: PMC9501091 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
K. pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that leads to widespread infection in humans and animals, seriously threatening human health and animal husbandry development. In our research, we investigated the biological characteristics of the isolate by using a 16S rRNA gene sequencing, biochemical assay, and drug sensitivity test. Moreover, the pathogenicity study, including the bacteria load determination, the histopathology examination, and the RNA sequencing was carried out to explore whether the isolate could cause lung injury in mice through intraperitoneal injection. The results indicated that the isolate was identified as K. pneumoniae and named as KPHN001. The drug susceptibility test showed that KPHN001 was only sensitive to polymyxin B and furazolidone, and was resistant to other 28 antibiotics. In the bacteria load determination, the highest bacterial load of the organs was found in the spleen, and abundant bacterial colonization was also found in the lung. The histopathology showed the mainly acute inflammations in the lung were due to congestion, edema, and exudation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were expressed massively in mice. In the present research, the biological characteristics and pathogenesis of clinically isolated K. pneumoniae were systematically studied, revealing the pathogenic mechanism of K. pneumoniae to animals, and providing a theoretical basis for the following prevention, control, and diagnosis research.
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Huang S, Tian P, Kou X, An N, Wu Y, Dong J, Cai H, Li B, Xue Y, Liu Y, Ji H. The prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli in raw milk and dairy farms in Northern Xinjiang, China. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 381:109908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Molecular Characterization, Evolution and Expression Analysis of TNFSF14 and Three TNFSF Receptors in Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10081035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis superfamily (TNFSF) and their receptors (TNFRs) play an essential role in inflammatory responses. In this study, tnfsf14, tnfrsf1a, tnfrsf1b and tnfrsf14 were identified in spotted gar. All the genes have conserved genomic organization and synteny with their respective homologs in zebrafish and humans. The putative TNFSF protein contains a typical TNF homology domain in the extracellular region. All three TNFRSFs possess characteristic cysteine-rich domains. TNFRSF1a has a death domain in the cytosolic region which is absent in the TNFRSF1b and TNFRSF14. Notably, TNFRSF14 lacks a transmembrane domain and is predicted to be secreted. Protein structure modeling revealed that the key residues involved in the interaction between TNFSF14 and TNFRSF14 are well conserved in spotted gar. All four genes were ubiquitously expressed in the spleen, liver, kidney, gills and intestine. Infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae resulted in remarkable downregulation of tnfsf14 and tnfrsf14 in tissues but upregulation of tnfrsf1a and tnfrsf1b. The results indicate that tnfsf14, tnfrsf1a, tnfrsf1b and tnfrsf14 are involved in the immune response to bacterial infection, and expand knowledge on the TNF system in the primitive ray-finned fish.
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