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Maksum A, Indahwati N. Personality traits, environment, and career stages of top athletes: An evidence from outstanding badminton players of Indonesia. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13779. [PMID: 36851972 PMCID: PMC9958474 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The world badminton championship is a highly competitive arena. Successful athletes are those who have excellence, not only physically and technically but also mentally. The present study aims to identify the personality traits, environment, and career stages required by an athlete to achieve excellence. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews. As participants are 10 Indonesian badminton athletes who have achieved world-class achievements, such as the Olympics and world championships. They consist of 3 female athletes and 7 male athletes. The results showed that seven traits were effective in supporting their achievement, namely: achievement-oriented, hard work, persistent, autonomy, commitment, intelligence, and self-control. The family environment and sports environment influence the formation of traits and the emergence of high-achieving athletes. This research also found that athletes go through 5 phases in achieving achievement, namely exploration, specialization, investment, achievement, and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maksum
- Postgraduate School of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nanik Indahwati
- Department of Physical Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
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Knowlton E, Talley JL, Noden BH, Hoback WW. College Students' Knowledge of Ticks in Oklahoma: Assessment and Insights. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12070658. [PMID: 34357318 PMCID: PMC8303360 DOI: 10.3390/insects12070658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ticks (Arachnida: Acari) are common in Oklahoma and may transmit tick-borne diseases (TBDs) to people. Due to the difficulty in reducing tick populations, awareness of tick bite prevention, proper tick removal, and knowledge of when to seek medical treatment are critical. However, outreach and extension programs are hampered by a lack of knowledge of what community members know about ticks. To address this limitation, we surveyed college students enrolled in three non-major Entomology courses at Oklahoma State University in 2018. Of the 483 students invited to take a survey, 224 (46.4%) students took both surveys. Pre-survey responses indicated lower levels of knowledge of tick biology compared to post-survey responses. For both pre- and post-survey respondents, "ticks can jump" and "ticks reside up in trees" received the fewest correct responses. A majority of survey respondents considered Lyme disease to be the predominant TBD in Oklahoma, although it is not established in Oklahoma. Supplemental education overcame these knowledge gaps, with the exception of knowledge of Lyme disease which was still considered to be the predominant TBD in the post-survey. Our results can be used to develop assessment tools to improve extension programs and enhance protection from TBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Knowlton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA;
| | - Justin L. Talley
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (J.L.T.); (B.H.N.)
| | - Bruce H. Noden
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (J.L.T.); (B.H.N.)
| | - William Wyatt Hoback
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (J.L.T.); (B.H.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Kracht CL, Beyl RA, Maher JP, Katzmarzyk PT, Staiano AE. Adolescents' sedentary time, affect, and contextual factors: An ecological momentary assessment study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:53. [PMID: 33858416 PMCID: PMC8047569 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few adolescents achieve sufficient levels of physical activity, and many are spending most of their time in sedentary behavior. Affective response following sedentary time may influence motivation to remain sedentary. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is a real-time data capture methodology that can be used to identify factors influencing sedentary time, such as the context of the home setting, and resulting affective state within a free-living setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between context at home and adolescent sedentary time, and the relationship of sedentary time and subsequent affect. METHODS Adolescents (n = 284; 10-16 y) participated in an EMA study that used random, interval-based sampling methods. Adolescents each received 22 unannounced surveys over 7-days through a smartphone application. One survey was randomly sent within each 2-h time-period. These time-periods occurred between 4:00 pm-8:00 pm on weekdays and 8:00 am-8:00 pm on the weekend. This 15-question survey included a series of questions on context (indoors/outdoors, alone/not alone) and positive affect. Adolescents concurrently wore an accelerometer at the hip, and the 30-min bout of accelerometry data prior to each survey was used in analyses. Mixed-effect location scale models were used to examine the association between context at home and sedentary time (stage 1) and the adjusted sedentary time and positive affect (stage 2), with each model adjusted for covariates. RESULTS Adolescents were 12.6 ± 1.9 y of age on average, about half were White (58%), and engaged in high levels of sedentary behavior during the 30 min prior to the survey (21.4 ± 6.8 min). Most surveys occurred when adolescents were with others (59%) and indoors (88%). In Stage 1, both being alone and being indoors at home were positively associated with sedentary time (p < 0.001 for both). In Stage 2, adjusted sedentary time was not related to positive affect. Age was negatively related to positive affect (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Both contextual factors, being alone and indoors at home, were related to additional time spent sedentary compared to being with someone or outdoors. After adjustment, sedentary time was not related to subsequent positive affect, indicating other factors may be related to adolescent's positive affect in home settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Kracht
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Robbie A Beyl
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Jaclyn P Maher
- University of North Carolina Greensboro, 1408 Walker Ave., Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA
| | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Amanda E Staiano
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
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Okuyama J, Seto S, Fukuda Y, Funakoshi S, Amae S, Onobe J, Izumi S, Ito K, Imamura F. Mental Health and Physical Activity among Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2021; 253:203-215. [PMID: 33775993 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.253.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is causing disruptions in the global social system. Japanese children and adolescents have had their schools closed, government-mandated activity restrictions imposed, and interactions outside the home reduced. These restrictions can have a considerable psychological impact on children and adolescents. This review aims to describe the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and psychological status of this population. The review was conducted by searching PubMed for information on the impact of COVID-19-related activity restrictions on children and adolescents. The search identified 11 articles, three of which contained data on anxiety and psychological problems due to physical inactivity. Next, a PubMed search was conducted about physical activity and psychological status in children and adolescents under psychological stress. The search identified 368 articles, 28 of which were included in the review. For children, data that revealed a correlation between physical activity and psychological health and sedentary time leading to mood disorders were included. For adolescents, there were nine studies that reported a correlation between physical activity and psychological health and four studies that reported no correlation between physical activity and psychological health. Of the studies that reported a correlation, seven reported that physical activity improves psychological health. The impact of psychologically stressful situations such as COVID-19 on children and adolescents has been experienced worldwide. Physical activity has been correlated with psychological health, and it may improve psychological status; physical activity should be recommended to better support the psychological health of children and adolescents under the influence of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Okuyama
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine.,Core Research Cluster of Disaster Science, Tohoku University
| | - Shuji Seto
- Core Research Cluster of Disaster Science, Tohoku University.,International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University
| | | | | | - Shintaro Amae
- Sendai Ekoh Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities
| | - Jun Onobe
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Science and Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University
| | - Shinichi Izumi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kiyoshi Ito
- Core Research Cluster of Disaster Science, Tohoku University.,International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University
| | - Fumihiko Imamura
- Core Research Cluster of Disaster Science, Tohoku University.,International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University
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Lee EY, Bains A, Hunter S, Ament A, Brazo-Sayavera J, Carson V, Hakimi S, Huang WY, Janssen I, Lee M, Lim H, Silva DAS, Tremblay MS. Systematic review of the correlates of outdoor play and time among children aged 3-12 years. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:41. [PMID: 33736668 PMCID: PMC7972019 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the myriad of benefits of children's outdoor play and time, there is increasing concern over its decline. This systematic review synthesized evidence on the correlates of outdoor play and outdoor time among children aged 3-12 years. METHODS A total of 12 electronic databases in five different languages (Chinese, English, Korean, Spanish, Portuguese) were searched between October 28, 2019 and July 27, 2020. Covidence software was used for screening and Microsoft Excel with a predesigned coding form was used for data extraction. Evidence was synthesized and correlates were categorized using the socioecological model framework. RESULTS Based on 107 studies representing 188,498 participants and 422 childcare centers from 29 countries, 85 studies examined potential correlates of outdoor play while 23 studies examined that of outdoor time (one examined both). The duration of outdoor play and outdoor time ranged between 60 and 165 min/d and 42-240 min/d, respectively. Out of 287 (outdoor play) and 61 (outdoor time) potential correlates examined, 111 correlates for outdoor play and 33 correlates for outdoor time were identified as significant correlates. Thirty-three variables were identified as key/common correlates of outdoor play/time, including eight correlates at the individual level (e.g., sex/gender, race/ethnicity, physical activity), 10 correlates at the parental level (e.g., parental attitude/support/behavior, parenting practice), nine at the microsystem level (e.g., proximal home/social environment such as residence type, peer influence), three at the macrosystem/community level (e.g., availability of space children can play), and three at the physical ecology/pressure for macrosystem change level (e.g., seasonality, rurality). No key correlates were found at the institutional level. CONCLUSIONS Individual, parental, and proximal physical (home) and social environments appear to play a role in children's outdoor play and time. Ecological factors (i.e., seasonality, rurality) also appear to be related to outdoor play/time. Evidence was either inconsistent or lacking at institutional and macrosystem/community levels. Standardizing terminology and measures of outdoor play/time is warranted. Future work should investigate the interactions and processes of multiple variables across different levels of socioecological modelling to better understand the mechanisms through which outdoor play/time opportunities can be optimized for children while paying special attention to varying conditions in which children are born, live, and play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Lee
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
- Department of Gender Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Ajaypal Bains
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Stephen Hunter
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Alyssa Ament
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | | | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shawn Hakimi
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Wendy Y. Huang
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ian Janssen
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Mikyung Lee
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Heejun Lim
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | | | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Lifestyle and Obesity (HALO) research group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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Riazi NA, Brussoni M, Vertinsky P, Faulkner G. "Well, You Feel More Responsible When You're Unsupervised": Exploring Family Perspectives on Children's Independent Mobility. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8030225. [PMID: 33804287 PMCID: PMC7998357 DOI: 10.3390/children8030225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While children's independent mobility (CIM) is associated with various benefits, there is evidence of a generational decline in CIM in westernized countries; therefore, it is helpful to understand how CIM is currently negotiated between children and their parents. The purpose of this study was to examine children's and parents' perspectives and negotiations of CIM within the family unit. Face-to-face interviews and walk-along interviews were conducted with parents (n = 44) and children (n = 22), respectively. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and a thematic analysis was conducted. Four key preconditions were identified that facilitated negotiation of CIM within family units, including (1) the influence of parents' childhood experiences regarding their view of CIM (e.g., positive interpretations of childhood on parenting practices), (2) the role of children's individual characteristics on their independent mobility (e.g., child's confidence in their abilities), (3) family communication as a key coping strategy (parent-parent and parent-child communication), and (4) the influence of positive perceptions of the social environment on CIM. The findings suggest that CIM thrives when these conditions are present; as a result, it may be particularly helpful to develop policies and programs that support children's skill training, explore strategies to support communication between parents and children, and build neighbourhood connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin A. Riazi
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (P.V.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariana Brussoni
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada;
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Patricia Vertinsky
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (P.V.); (G.F.)
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (P.V.); (G.F.)
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
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Frahsa A, Thiel A. Can Functionalised Play Make Children Happy? A Critical Sociology Perspective. Front Public Health 2020; 8:571054. [PMID: 33072708 PMCID: PMC7539787 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.571054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The functionalisation of play basically stems from the diagnosis of a global childhood inactivity crisis, the so-called "children's obesity pandemic." Hence, in the context of the activity-related guidelines, children's play appears no longer to be unproductive and purpose-free. It is rather considered an anti-obesity tool that will help children to meet physical activity recommendations. It is questionable whether such a functionalised tool can also provide what has been called the salience of the pleasures of free-play for children. Furthermore, a "normalization" of functionalised practices of play, in turn, could stigmatize children who do not or cannot adhere to these practices. Based upon this background, this paper will take a critical sociology perspective to analyse the functionalisation and medicalisation of children's play in an individualized, mediatized, and pedagogised society. In this sense, the paper aims to pay attention to how the primary goal of play in the sense of "simply make children happy" has given way to the goal of making them healthy and functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Frahsa
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Tüebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tüebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Tüebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tüebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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