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Zhang X, Zhang R, Yu M, Liu R, Liu N, Teng H, Pei Y, Hu Z, Zuo Y. Identification and detection of the V1848I indoxacarb resistance mutation in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 203:105991. [PMID: 39084768 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Indoxacarb is a pivotal insecticide used worldwide to manage Spodoptera exigua, a devastating agricultural pest. This active compound plays a crucial role in resistance management strategies due to its distinctive mode of action. A field population of S. exigua (SH23) from Shanghai, China, exhibited significantly reduced susceptibility to indoxacarb, with a resistance ratio of 113.84-fold in biological assays. Following two rounds of laboratory screening with indoxacarb, the resistance of the new strain (SH23-S2) escalated steeply to 876.15-fold. Genetic analyses of both the SH23 and SH23-S2 strains demonstrated autosomal inheritance and incompletely dominant resistance patterns. Synergist assays indicated a minor role of detoxification enzymes (glutathione s-transferases and cytochrome P450) of SH23-S2 strain in this resistance, implicating target-site resistance as the primary mechanism. To explore the impact of target-site resistance, segment 1-6 of domain IV (IVS1-6) of the sodium channel in S. exigua was cloned, and the sequences from susceptible and indoxacarb-resistant S. exigua were compared. The V1848I mutation, linked to indoxacarb resistance in Plutella xylostella, Tuta absoluta and Liriomyza trifolii, was identified and strongly associated with the indoxacarb-resistant phenotype in the S. exigua SH23-S2 strain, whereas the F1845Y mutation was not detected. Furthermore, a molecular test for the V1848I mutation in field populations was created using an allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR). The discovery of indoxacarb resistance mutation and the creation of diagnostic tool will enable the early detection of indoxacarb resistance, which will facilitate the implementation of targeted resistance management strategies, ultimately delaying the proliferation of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection. Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection. Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection. Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection. Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Naijing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection. Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haiyuan Teng
- Institute of Eco-Environmental and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yakun Pei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection. Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaonong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection. Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yayun Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Gao R, Ma S, Geng J, Zhang K, Xian L, Liu K, Cao P, Yuchi Z, Wu S. Functional Characterization of Double Mutations T929I/K1774N in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel of Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) Related to Pyrethroid Resistance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11958-11967. [PMID: 38761134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall), the main pest on legume vegetables, is controlled by pyrethroids in the field. Field strains of M. usitatus resistant to pyrethroids were collected from three areas in Hainan Province (Haikou, Ledong, and Sanya City), and two mutations, T929I and K1774N, were detected in the voltage-gated sodium channel. In this study, the sodium channel in M. usitatus was first subcloned and successfully expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The single mutation (T929I or K1774N) and double mutation (T929I/K1774N) shifted the voltage dependence of activation in the hyperpolarization direction. The three mutants all reduced the amplitude of tail currents induced by type I (permethrin and bifenthrin) and type II (deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin) pyrethroids. Homology modeling analysis of these two mutations shows that they may change the local hydrophobicity and positive charge of the sodium channel. Our data can be used to reveal the causes of the resistance of M. usitatus to pyrethroids and provide guidance for the comprehensive control of M. usitatus in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibo Gao
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuyue Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Junjie Geng
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Limin Xian
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Kaiyang Liu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhiguang Yuchi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
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Aboutalebian-Soureshjani A, Rafiee-Dastjerdi H, Naseri B, Hassanpour M, Khajehali J. Indoxacarb resistance in Iranian populations of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae): Cross-resistance, biochemical and molecular mechanisms. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105633. [PMID: 37945235 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is an invasive tomato pest that occurs worldwide, including Iran. This study investigates the occurrence of resistance to indoxacarb, an oxadiazine insecticide, and the underlying mechanisms in Iranian populations of T. absoluta. Bioassays were performed on second-instar larvae using indoxacarb alone and in combination with three synergists: Piperonyl butoxide (PBO), diethyl maleate (DEM), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP). The activities of the main detoxification enzymes, including glutathione S-transferases (GST), general carboxylesterases (CarEs), and P450 monooxygenases (P450s), were evaluated. In addition, the presence of known amino acid substitutions in the IV segment 6 domain of the T. absoluta sodium channel was investigated. The results showed that resistance rates to indoxacarb in Iranian populations ranged from 2.37- to 14.45-fold. However, pretreatment with synergists did not significantly increase the toxicity of indoxacarb. Enzyme assays showed that Ardabil (Ar) and Kerman (Kr) populations had the highest CarEs activity, while Ar population showed the highest P450 activity. However, the observed increases in enzyme activities were <2-fold. Two indoxacarb resistance mutations, F1845Y and V1848I, were detected. Apart from a significant and positive correlation between LC50 values of indoxacarb and thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, no cross-resistance between indoxacarb and other insecticides was detected. Overall, these results suggest that populations of T. absoluta in Iran have developed resistance to indoxacarb, primarily through changes at the target site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hooshang Rafiee-Dastjerdi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Bahram Naseri
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hassanpour
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Jahangir Khajehali
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
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Niklas B, Rydzewski J, Lapied B, Nowak W. Toward Overcoming Pyrethroid Resistance in Mosquito Control: The Role of Sodium Channel Blocker Insecticides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10334. [PMID: 37373481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases spread by mosquitoes lead to the death of 700,000 people each year. The main way to reduce transmission is vector control by biting prevention with chemicals. However, the most commonly used insecticides lose efficacy due to the growing resistance. Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), membrane proteins responsible for the depolarizing phase of an action potential, are targeted by a broad range of neurotoxins, including pyrethroids and sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs). Reduced sensitivity of the target protein due to the point mutations threatened malaria control with pyrethroids. Although SCBIs-indoxacarb (a pre-insecticide bioactivated to DCJW in insects) and metaflumizone-are used in agriculture only, they emerge as promising candidates in mosquito control. Therefore, a thorough understanding of molecular mechanisms of SCBIs action is urgently needed to break the resistance and stop disease transmission. In this study, by performing an extensive combination of equilibrium and enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations (3.2 μs in total), we found the DIII-DIV fenestration to be the most probable entry route of DCJW to the central cavity of mosquito VGSC. Our study revealed that F1852 is crucial in limiting SCBI access to their binding site. Our results explain the role of the F1852T mutation found in resistant insects and the increased toxicity of DCJW compared to its bulkier parent compound, indoxacarb. We also delineated residues that contribute to both SCBIs and non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox binding and thus could be involved in the target site cross-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Niklas
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Jakub Rydzewski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Bruno Lapied
- University Angers, INRAE, SIFCIR, SFR QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France
| | - Wieslaw Nowak
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Wang X, Zhang J, Yang Y, Wu Y. Equivalent intensity but differential dominance of sodium channel blocker insecticide resistance conferred by F1845Y and V1848I mutations of the voltage-gated sodium channel in Plutella xylostella. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:125-134. [PMID: 35366363 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two point mutations (F1845Y and V1848I) in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Plutella xylostella are involved in the target-site resistance to sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs). The contribution of the individual mutations to the SCBI resistance and the associated inheritance modes is as yet unclear. Through 2 rounds of single-pair crossing and marker-assisted selection, 2 P. xylostella strains (1845Y and 1848I) bearing homozygous F1845Y or V1848I mutant alleles were successfully established from a field-collected population, and the contribution of each mutation to SCBI resistance, as well as associated inheritance patterns, was determined. When compared with the susceptible SZPS strain, each of the mutations individually conferred equally high-level resistance to indoxacarb (378 and 313 fold) and metaflumizone (734 and 674 fold), respectively. However, dominance levels of resistance to SCBIs were significantly different between the 2 resistant strains. Resistance of the 1845Y strain to indoxacarb and metaflumizone was inherited as an autosomal and incompletely dominant trait (D values ranged from 0.43 to 0.76). In contrast, that of the 1848I strain followed an autosomal but incompletely recessive to semidominant mode (D values: -0.24 to 0.09). Our findings enriched the current understanding of inheritance and mechanisms of SCBI resistance in P. xylostella, and will help develop resistance management programs for P. xylostella and other economic pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (MARA), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (MARA), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (MARA), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yidong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (MARA), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Cens T, Chavanieu A, Bertaud A, Mokrane N, Estaran S, Roussel J, Ménard C, De Jesus Ferreira M, Guiramand J, Thibaud J, Cohen‐Solal C, Rousset M, Rolland V, Vignes M, Charnet P. Molecular Targets of Neurotoxic Insecticides in
Apis mellifera. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Cens
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Alain Chavanieu
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Anaïs Bertaud
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Nawfel Mokrane
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Sébastien Estaran
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Julien Roussel
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Claudine Ménard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | | | - Janique Guiramand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Thibaud
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Catherine Cohen‐Solal
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Matthieu Rousset
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Valérie Rolland
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Michel Vignes
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Pierre Charnet
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
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Suzuki T, Yamato S. Oxazosulfyl, a Novel Sulfyl Insecticide, Binds to and Stabilizes the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in the Slow-Inactivated State. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4048-4055. [PMID: 33793218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxazosulfyl is the first representative of a novel sulfyl class of insecticides with a potent and cross-spectrum insecticidal activity, albeit with an unclear mechanism of action. As a potential agent of pest control in rice fields, we investigated the action of oxazosulfyl on the nervous system and voltage-gated sodium channels in insects. After the injection of 10 μg of oxazosulfyl, American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) were quickly paralyzed, which persisted for more than 7 days. Extracellular recordings revealed a depressed spontaneous nerve activity in the cockroaches injected with oxazosulfyl, which specifically affected the voltage-gated sodium channels (in German cockroaches (Blattella germanica) expressed in Xenopus oocytes) in the slow-inactivated state resulting in the inhibition of sodium currents. The potency of oxazosulfyl and other sodium channel blockers to block sodium channels was consistent with their insecticidal activity. Thus, we conclude that the action mode of oxazosulfyl involves the state-dependent blockage of voltage-gated sodium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Suzuki
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Takatsukasa 4-chome, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-8555, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamato
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Takatsukasa 4-chome, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-8555, Japan
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Boaventura D, Martin M, Pozzebon A, Mota-Sanchez D, Nauen R. Monitoring of Target-Site Mutations Conferring Insecticide Resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11080545. [PMID: 32824659 PMCID: PMC7469220 DOI: 10.3390/insects11080545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is an invasive moth species and one of the most destructive pests of maize. It is native to the Americas but recently invaded (sub)tropical regions in Africa, Asia and Oceania. Fall armyworm larvae feeding on maize plants cause substantial economic damage and are usually controlled by the application of insecticides and genetically modified (GM) maize expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins, selectively targeting fall armyworm. It has developed resistance to many different classes of insecticides and Bt proteins as well; therefore, it is important to check field populations for the presence of mutations in target proteins conferring resistance. Here, we developed molecular diagnostic tools allowing us to test the frequency of resistance alleles in field-collected populations, either alive or preserved in alcohol. We tested 34 different populations collected on four different continents for the presence of mutations conferring resistance to common classes of insecticides and Bt proteins. We detected resistance mutations which are quite widespread, whereas others are restricted to certain geographies or even completely absent. The established molecular methods show robust results in samples collected across a broad geographical range and can be used to support decisions for sustainable fall armyworm control and applied resistance management. Abstract Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, a major pest of corn and native to the Americas, recently invaded (sub)tropical regions worldwide. The intensive use of insecticides and the high adoption of crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins has led to many cases of resistance. Target-site mutations are among the main mechanisms of resistance and monitoring their frequency is of great value for insecticide resistance management. Pyrosequencing and PCR-based allelic discrimination assays were developed and used to genotype target-site resistance alleles in 34 FAW populations from different continents. The diagnostic methods revealed a high frequency of mutations in acetylcholinesterase, conferring resistance to organophosphates and carbamates. In voltage-gated sodium channels targeted by pyrethroids, only one population from Indonesia showed a mutation. No mutations were detected in the ryanodine receptor, suggesting susceptibility to diamides. Indels in the ATP-binding cassette transporter C2 associated with Bt-resistance were observed in samples collected in Puerto Rico and Brazil. Additionally, we analyzed all samples for the presence of markers associated with two sympatric FAW host plant strains. The molecular methods established show robust results in FAW samples collected across a broad geographical range and can be used to support decisions for sustainable FAW control and applied resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Boaventura
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D Pest Control, 40789 Monheim, Germany
| | - Macarena Martin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Alberto Pozzebon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - David Mota-Sanchez
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D Pest Control, 40789 Monheim, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)2173-38-4441
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Douris V, Denecke S, Van Leeuwen T, Bass C, Nauen R, Vontas J. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome modification to understand the genetic basis of insecticide resistance: Drosophila and beyond. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 167:104595. [PMID: 32527434 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemical insecticides are a major tool for the control of many of the world's most damaging arthropod pests. However, their intensive application is often associated with the emergence of resistance, sometimes with serious implications for sustainable pest control. To mitigate failure of insecticide-based control tools, the mechanisms by which insects have evolved resistance must be elucidated. This includes both identification and functional characterization of putative resistance genes and/or mutations. Research on this topic has been greatly facilitated by using powerful genetic model insects like Drosophila melanogaster, and more recently by advances in genome modification technology, notably CRISPR/Cas9. Here, we present the advances that have been made through the application of genome modification technology in insecticide resistance research. The majority of the work conducted in the field to date has made use of genetic tools and resources available in D. melanogaster. This has greatly enhanced our understanding of resistance mechanisms, especially those mediated by insensitivity of the pesticide target-site. We discuss this progress for a series of different insecticide targets, but also report a number of unsuccessful or inconclusive attempts that highlight some inherent limitations of using Drosophila to characterize resistance mechanisms identified in arthropod pests. We also discuss an experimental framework that may circumvent current limitations while retaining the genetic versatility and robustness that Drosophila has to offer. Finally, we describe examples of direct CRISPR/Cas9 use in non-model pest species, an approach that will likely find much wider application in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Douris
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Shane Denecke
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chris Bass
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, CropScience Division, R&D Pest Control, D-40789 Monheim, Germany
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
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Zhang J, Hao W, Zhorov BS, Dong K, Jiang D. Discovery of a Novel Series of Tricyclic Oxadiazine 4a-Methyl Esters Based on Indoxacarb as Potential Sodium Channel Blocker/Modulator Insecticides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7793-7809. [PMID: 31274315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Indoxacarb, a commercialized oxadiazine insecticide, nearly irreversibly blocks open/inactivated, but not resting sodium channels. The structure-activity relationships showed that the substituents at the position of the chiral atom in the oxadiazine ring are very important to the biological activity of oxadiazine insecticide. Here we synthesized a series of tricyclic oxadiazine 4a-methyl ester derivatives. The chiral atom in the oxadiazine ring has been epimerized and substituted with either pyrethric acid or cinnamic acid derivatives. Benzene ring in the tricyclic moiety was substituted with a chlorine, fluorine, or bromine atom, and nitrogen-linked benzene ring was substituted with a trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy group. Toxicity of these compounds against Spodoptera litura F. was evaluated. Diastereoisomers of most toxic compounds J7 and J9 with pyrethric acid moiety were separated by flash column chromatography. The more polar diastereoisomers, J7-L-Rf and J9-L-Rf, and compounds J24 and J26 with cinnamic acid moiety exhibited highest insecticidal activities. We further used Monte Carlo energy minimizations to dock compound J7 and J24 in the NavMs-based homology model of the open cockroach sodium channel. In the low-energy binding modes, the compound interacted with residues in the inner pore and domain interfaces, which previously were proposed to contribute to receptors of pyrethroids and sodium channel blocker insecticides. Our results define compound J7 and J24 as a potentially useful optimized hit for the development of multiple sites sodium channel blocker or modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Insect Toxicology , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Hao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Insect Toxicology , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , P.R. China
| | - Boris S Zhorov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS , St. Petersburg , Russia
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L8 , Canada
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Entomology, Neuroscience and Genetics Programs , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Dingxin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Insect Toxicology , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , P.R. China
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11
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Samantsidis GR, O'Reilly AO, Douris V, Vontas J. Functional validation of target-site resistance mutations against sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) via molecular modeling and genome engineering in Drosophila. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 104:73-81. [PMID: 30572019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) like indoxacarb and metaflumizone offer an alternative insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategy against several pests that are resistant to other compounds. However, resistance to SCBIs has been reported in several pests, in most cases implicating metabolic resistance mechanisms, although in certain indoxacarb resistant populations of Plutella xylostella and Tuta absoluta, two mutations in the domain IV S6 segment of the voltage-gated sodium channel, F1845Y and V1848I have been identified, and have been postulated through in vitro electrophysiological studies to contribute to target-site resistance. In order to functionally validate in vivo each mutation in the absence of confounding resistance mechanisms, we have employed a CRISPR/Cas9 strategy to generate strains of Drosophila melanogaster bearing homozygous F1845Y or V1848I mutations in the para (voltage-gated sodium channel) gene. We performed toxicity bioassays of these strains compared to wild-type controls of the same genetic background. Our results indicate both mutations confer moderate resistance to indoxacarb (RR: 6-10.2), and V1848I to metaflumizone (RR: 8.4). However, F1845Y confers very strong resistance to metaflumizone (RR: >3400). Our molecular modeling studies suggest a steric hindrance mechanism may account for the resistance of both V1848I and F1845Y mutations, whereby introducing larger side chains may inhibit metaflumizone binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- George-Rafael Samantsidis
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion Crete, Greece; Laboratory of Molecular Entomology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR-700 13, Heraklion Crete, Greece
| | - Andrias O O'Reilly
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Vassilis Douris
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion Crete, Greece.
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion Crete, Greece; Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
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12
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Haddi K, Valbon WR, Viteri Jumbo LO, de Oliveira LO, Guedes RNC, Oliveira EE. Diversity and convergence of mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance in the stored grain weevils, Sitophilus spp. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16361. [PMID: 30397209 PMCID: PMC6218525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Target-site mutations and changes in insect metabolism or behavior are common mechanisms in insecticide-resistant insects. The co-occurrence of such mechanisms in a pest strain is a prominent threat to their management, particularly when alternative compounds are scarce. Pyrethroid resistance among stored grain weevils (i.e., Sitophilus spp.) is an example of a long-standing concern, for which reports of resistance generally focus on a single mechanism in a single species. Here, we investigated pyrethroid resistance in maize and rice weevils (i.e., Sitophilus zeamais and S. oryzae), exploring potential knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in their sodium channels (primary site for pyrethroid actions) and potential changes in their detoxification and walking processes. Resistance in pyrethroid-resistant rice weevils was associated with the combination of a kdr mutation (L1014F) and increases in walking and detoxification activities, while another kdr mutation (T929I) combined with increases in walking activity were the primary pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in maize weevils. Our results suggest that the selection of pyrethroid-resistant individuals in these weevil species may result from multiple and differential mechanisms because the L1014F mutation was only detected in Latin American rice weevils (e.g., Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay), not in Australian and Turkish rice weevils or Brazilian maize weevils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Haddi
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
- Science without Border Program, Associate Researcher, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - Wilson R Valbon
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luis O Viteri Jumbo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz O de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Raul N C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA
| | - Eugenio E Oliveira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
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13
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Smith LB, Kasai S, Scott JG. Voltage-sensitive sodium channel mutations S989P + V1016G in Aedes aegypti confer variable resistance to pyrethroids, DDT and oxadiazines. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:737-745. [PMID: 29064635 PMCID: PMC5814875 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti is a vector of several important human pathogens. Control efforts rely primarily on pyrethroid insecticides for adult mosquito control, especially during disease outbreaks. A. aegypti has developed resistance nearly everywhere it occurs and insecticides are used. An important mechanism of resistance is due to mutations in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (Vssc) gene. Two mutations, in particular, S989P + V1016G, commonly occur together in parts of Asia. RESULTS We have created a strain (KDR:ROCK) that contains the Vssc mutations S989P + V1016G as the only mechanism of pyrethroid resistance within the genetic background of Rockefeller (ROCK), a susceptible lab strain. We created KDR:ROCK by crossing the pyrethroid-resistant strain Singapore with ROCK followed by four backcrosses with ROCK and Vssc S989P + V1016G genotype selections. We determined the levels of resistance conferred to 17 structurally diverse pyrethroids, the organochloride DDT, and oxadiazines (VSSC blockers) indoxacarb (proinsecticide) and DCJW (the active metabolite of indoxacarb). Levels of resistance to the pyrethroids were variable, ranging from 21- to 107-fold, but no clear pattern between resistance and chemical structure was observed. Resistance is inherited as an incompletely recessive trait. KDR:ROCK had a > 2000-fold resistance to DDT, 37.5-fold cross-resistance to indoxacarb and 13.4-fold cross-resistance to DCJW. CONCLUSION Etofenprox (and DDT) should be avoided in areas where Vssc mutations S989P + V1016G exist at high frequencies. We found that pyrethroid structure cannot be used to predict the level of resistance conferred by kdr. These results provide useful information for resistance management and for better understanding pyrethroid interactions with VSSC. © 2017 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shinji Kasai
- Department of EntomologyCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
- Department of Medical EntomologyNational Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan
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14
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Liang D, McGill J, Pietri JE. Unidirectional Cross-Resistance in German Cockroach (Blattodea: Blattellidae) Populations Under Exposure to Insecticidal Baits. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:1713-1718. [PMID: 28541548 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Insect pests, including the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), are prone to the development of physiological resistance when exposed to a number of insecticide sprays, and cross-resistance is frequently observed. Toxic baits are often used as a primary method of controlling German cockroaches, also resulting in heavy selection pressure from insecticidal baits. In response to this pressure, cockroach populations have developed aversion to specific inert ingredients in bait. Here, we examined the effect of exposure to baits containing fipronil, indoxacarb, or hydramethylnon on the development of physiological resistance to the same and other insecticides in a number of German cockroach strains. We found that prolonged exposure to baits containing fipronil or indoxacarb increased physiological resistance to these compounds. However, no increase in physiological resistance against any insecticide was observed in response to exposure to hydramethylnon bait. Additionally, we found that exposure to fipronil bait increased cross-resistance to indoxacarb. On the other hand, exposure to indoxacarb bait did not increase cross-resistance to fipronil. Neither fipronil nor indoxacarb bait exposure increased resistance to hydramethylnon. Interestingly, the development of insecticide resistance in response to bait exposure was strain-dependent and influenced by bait palatability. Our results demonstrate that exposure to toxic baits, particularly those containing fipronil, plays a significant role in the development of insecticide resistance, including cross-resistance, in German cockroaches. Further, although insecticide resistance in response to baits is mediated by exposure through the oral route, the molecular mechanisms at play are likely different for each insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangsheng Liang
- Apex Bait Technologies, Inc., 309 Laurelwood Rd., #18-2, Santa Clara, CA
| | - Jade McGill
- Apex Bait Technologies, Inc., 309 Laurelwood Rd., #18-2, Santa Clara, CA
| | - Jose E Pietri
- Apex Bait Technologies, Inc., 309 Laurelwood Rd., #18-2, Santa Clara, CA
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15
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Roditakis E, Mavridis K, Riga M, Vasakis E, Morou E, Rison JL, Vontas J. Identification and detection of indoxacarb resistance mutations in the para sodium channel of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:1679-1688. [PMID: 28019074 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoxacarb is an important active ingredient extensively used for the control of Tuta absoluta, a major tomato pest, playing a particular role in insecticide resistance management schemes. RESULTS Reduced susceptibility to indoxacarb was identified (1794-fold resistance) through toxicological bioassays in a field population from Greece and evolved rapidly to resistance after short laboratory selection. Combined bioassays with synergists and biochemical analysis suggested only a partial involvement of detoxification enzymes in the resistant phenotype. To investigate the role of target-site resistance, segment 6 of domain IV of the sodium channel in T. absoluta was cloned and the sequences compared between susceptible and indoxacarb-resistant T. absoluta insects. The presence of the F1845Y and the V1848I indoxacarb resistance mutations was detected and was strongly associated with the phenotype. These amino acid substitutions correspond to recently characterised indoxacarb resistance mutations in diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). Robust and accurate PCR-RFLP assays were subsequently developed and successfully validated for detecting both indoxacarb resistance mutations in field T. absoluta populations. CONCLUSION The identification of indoxacarb resistance mutations and the development of diagnostic tools will allow early detection of indoxacarb resistance, facilitating implementation of appropriate resistance management strategies, thus delaying the spread of resistance. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Roditakis
- Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - 'Demeter', Institute of Olive, Subtropical Plants and Vine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Riga
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete
| | - Emmanouil Vasakis
- Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - 'Demeter', Institute of Olive, Subtropical Plants and Vine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Evangelia Morou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete
| | | | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Crete, Greece
- Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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16
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Silver K, Dong K, Zhorov BS. Molecular Mechanism of Action and Selectivity of Sodium Ch annel Blocker Insecticides. Curr Med Chem 2017; 24:2912-2924. [PMID: 27993108 PMCID: PMC5730267 DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666161216143844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) are a relatively new class of insecticides that are represented by two commercially registered compounds, indoxacarb and metaflumizone. SCBIs, like pyrethroids and DDT, target voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) to intoxicate insects. In contrast to pyrethroids, however, SCBIs inhibit VGSCs at a distinct receptor site that overlaps those of therapeutic inhibitors of sodium channels, such as local anesthetics, anticonvulsants and antiarrhythmics. This review will recount the development of the SCBI insecticide class from its roots as chitin synthesis inhibitors, discuss the symptoms of poisoning and evidence supporting inhibition of VGSCs as their mechanism of action, describe the current model for SCBI-induced inhibition of VGSCs, present a model for the receptor for SCBIs on VGSCs, and highlight differences between data collected from mammalian and insect experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher Silver
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Boris S. Zhorov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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17
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Zhang Y, Du Y, Jiang D, Behnke C, Nomura Y, Zhorov BS, Dong K. The Receptor Site and Mechanism of Action of Sodium Channel Blocker Insecticides. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:20113-24. [PMID: 27489108 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.742056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium channels are excellent targets of both natural and synthetic insecticides with high insect selectivity. Indoxacarb, its active metabolite DCJW, and metaflumizone (MFZ) belong to a relatively new class of sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) with a mode of action distinct from all other sodium channel-targeting insecticides, including pyrethroids. Electroneutral SCBIs preferably bind to and trap sodium channels in the inactivated state, a mechanism similar to that of cationic local anesthetics. Previous studies identified several SCBI-sensing residues that face the inner pore of sodium channels. However, the receptor site of SCBIs, their atomic mechanisms, and the cause of selective toxicity of MFZ remain elusive. Here, we have built a homology model of the open-state cockroach sodium channel BgNav1-1a. Our computations predicted that SCBIs bind in the inner pore, interact with a sodium ion at the focus of P1 helices, and extend their aromatic moiety into the III/IV domain interface (fenestration). Using model-driven mutagenesis and electrophysiology, we identified five new SCBI-sensing residues, including insect-specific residues. Our study proposes the first three-dimensional models of channel-bound SCBIs, sheds light on the molecular basis of MFZ selective toxicity, and suggests that a sodium ion located in the inner pore contributes to the receptor site for electroneutral SCBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhang
- From the College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China, the Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Yuzhe Du
- the Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Dingxin Jiang
- the Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Caitlyn Behnke
- the Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Yoshiko Nomura
- the Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Boris S Zhorov
- the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada, and the Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Ke Dong
- the Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824,
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18
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Jensen K, Ko AE, Schal C, Silverman J. Insecticide resistance and nutrition interactively shape life-history parameters in German cockroaches. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28731. [PMID: 27345220 PMCID: PMC4922014 DOI: 10.1038/srep28731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fitness-related costs of evolving insecticide resistance have been reported in a number of insect species, but the interplay between evolutionary adaptation to insecticide pressure and variable environmental conditions has received little attention. We provisioned nymphs from three German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.) populations, which differed in insecticide resistance, with either nutritionally rich or poor (diluted) diet throughout their development. One population was an insecticide-susceptible laboratory strain; the other two populations originated from a field-collected indoxacarb-resistant population, which upon collection was maintained either with or without further selection with indoxacarb. We then measured development time, survival to the adult stage, adult body size, and results of a challenge with indoxacarb. Our results show that indoxacarb resistance and poor nutritional condition increased development time and lowered adult body size, with reinforcing interactions. We also found lower survival to the adult stage in the indoxacarb-selected population, which was exacerbated by poor nutrition. In addition, nutrition imparted a highly significant effect on indoxacarb susceptibility. This study exemplifies how poor nutritional condition can aggravate the life-history costs of resistance and elevate the detrimental effects of insecticide exposure, demonstrating how environmental conditions and resistance may interactively impact individual fitness and insecticide efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Jensen
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.,W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Alexander E Ko
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.,W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Coby Schal
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.,W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jules Silverman
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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