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Wang C, Yao M, Zhong H, Meena SS, Shu F, Nie S, Xie M. Natural foods resources and dietary ingredients for the amelioration of Helicobacter pylori infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1324473. [PMID: 38131043 PMCID: PMC10734694 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1324473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gastric-persistent pathogen that can cause peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. This pathogen is commonly treated with antibiotic-based triple or quadruple therapy. However, antibiotic therapy could result in the bacterial resistance, imbalance of gut microbiota, and damage to the liver and kidneys, etc. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Interestingly, natural food resources, like vegetables, fruits, spices, and edible herbs, have potent inhibitory effects on H. pylori. In this review, we systematically summarized these foods with supporting evidence from both animal and clinical studies. The results have indicated that natural foods may possess temporary inhibition effect on H. pylori rather than durable eradication, and may help to reduce H. pylori colonization, enhance the effect of antibiotics and modulate the host's immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meixiang Yao
- Jiangzhong Dietary Therapy Technology Co. Ltd, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongguang Zhong
- Jiangzhong Dietary Therapy Technology Co. Ltd, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Stephene S. Meena
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fuxing Shu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Elmaghraby DA, Alsalman GA, Alawadh LH, Al-Abdulqader SA, Alaithan MM, Alnuwaysir BI. Integrated traditional herbal medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorder: the pattern of use and the knowledge of safety among the Eastern Region Saudi population. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:373. [PMID: 37872543 PMCID: PMC10591345 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal medicine is commonly integrated with conventional medicine in Saudi Arabia, especially for the management of digestive disorders. However, the majority of Saudis use herbal remedies without prior consultation with a physician, which raises concerns about their appropriate and safe use. The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness among the Saudi population regarding the proper utilization and potential adverse effects of frequently used herbs for the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia from January to March 2021. An electronic self-administered questionnaire was distributed. RESULTS A total of 543 participants from different age groups, educational levels, and cities across Saudi Arabia completed the study questionnaire. The most commonly used herbs at home by the participants were: myrrh, parsley, black seed, chamomile, mint, anise, clove, and green tea. 57.7% of the participants perceived herbs as safer than conventional medicines; 27.3% reported that using herbal remedies over conventional medicine was a family tradition, and 21.4% used herbs because they were cheaper than conventional medicines. CONCLUSION Herbal remedies, including myrrh, parsley, blackseed, chamomile, mint, and anise, are commonly employed for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in Saudi Arabia. However, the knowledge level of participants regarding potential side effects and drug-herb interactions was found to be deficient. As such, there is a pressing need for educational campaigns and community awareness programs to elucidate the proper usage of herbal remedies and to caution against their potential adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ahmed Elmaghraby
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ghufran Adnan Alsalman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla Hassan Alawadh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Abdulaziz Al-Abdulqader
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Mohammed Alaithan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan Ibrahim Alnuwaysir
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Bhandari T, Laghu U, Ratna P, Shrestha R. Helicobacter Pylori Infection among Patients Attending the Gastroenterology Department in Tertiary Care Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Int J Microbiol 2022; 2022:1508473. [PMID: 36406905 PMCID: PMC9671715 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1508473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most pathogenic organisms that cause gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in humans. The main aim of this study was to determine the H. pylori infection among patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy and to compare the efficacy of the diagnostic method of H. pylori infection including invasive tests (biopsy-based tests like the rapid urease test (RUT), direct smear, and culture) and the noninvasive test (HpSA). A total of 100 stool samples and 200 gastric biopsy specimens were collected (2 samples from each patient) from June to November 2019. Stool samples were processed for the detection of an H. pylori stool antigen (HpSA) by a kit method. One biopsy specimen was processed for the RUT, and another was transported to the laboratory in an Eppendorf tube containing normal saline for preparation of the smear and culture. Out of 100 participants, 26% were found to be H. pylori positive by the RUT, 11% by the direct smear, 6% by the culture, and 17% by the stool antigen test. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was found to be 14%, considering at least two of the three biopsy-based tests that gave positive results. H. pylori infection was found to be higher in the age group of 46-55 years. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was higher in gastric ulcer cases, followed by erosive pangastritis and gastroduodenitis. Tea drinking habits and the frequency of meal consumption more than twice a day were found to be significantly associated with H. pylori infection (P < 0.05). Hence, the RUT was found to be more efficient than the direct smear and the culture method for finding H. pylori in the biopsy sample. However, none of these methods can be considered to be the gold standard alone. Thus, the RUT combined with other tests is preferable for the detection of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulasi Bhandari
- Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier's College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ujjwal Laghu
- Grande International Hospital, Dhapasi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Prem Ratna
- Grande International Hospital, Dhapasi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rajani Shrestha
- Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier's College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Habbash F, Alalwan TA, Perna S, Ahmed N, Sharif O, Al Sayyad A, Gasparri C, Ferraris C, Rondanelli M. Association between Dietary Habits and Helicobacter pylori Infection among Bahraini Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194215. [PMID: 36235867 PMCID: PMC9572631 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection is the main bacterial cause of several gastrointestinal disorders. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in a population of Bahraini adults seeking care in gastroenterology clinics in a tertiary care hospital in the Kingdom of Bahrain and examine the association between dietary habits and other factors with H. pylori infection. The study is a hospital-based retrospective, cross-sectional analytical study that included 200 participants. H. pylori infection prevalence among the studied group was 55.5%, and it was significantly higher among participants with a high school education or less (44.1%). Among dietary habits, the mean of frequency of green tea, coffee and honey intake was significantly lower among the H. pylori infected participants compared to their non-infected counterparts. H. pylori infection was significantly higher among participants with vitamin D deficiency (63.6%) compared to participants with normal vitamin D (30%) (p = 0.001) and each unit decrease in serum vitamin D was associated with an increased risk of infection by 1.1 times (OR = 1.1; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.18; p < 0.001). The study revealed that high educational levels, consumption of honey, green tea, and coffee, as well as normal serum vitamin D level, were independent protectors against H. pylori infection. Additional studies are needed to estimate the prevalence and predisposing factors of H. pylori infection in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Habbash
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
- Family and Community Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, King Abdullah Medical City, Manama 328, Bahrain
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (S.P.); (M.R.); Tel.: +973-39872001 (F.H.)
| | - Tariq Abdulkarim Alalwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (S.P.); (M.R.); Tel.: +973-39872001 (F.H.)
| | - Naila Ahmed
- Department of Gastroenterology, King Hamad University Hospital, Muharraq 228, Bahrain
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Muharraq 228, Bahrain
| | - Omar Sharif
- Department of Gastroenterology, King Hamad University Hospital, Muharraq 228, Bahrain
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Muharraq 228, Bahrain
| | - Adel Al Sayyad
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
- Public Health, Ministry of Health, Manama 323, Bahrain
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferraris
- Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (S.P.); (M.R.); Tel.: +973-39872001 (F.H.)
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Tea consumption and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis from the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:726-734. [PMID: 35610368 PMCID: PMC9381730 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from epidemiological studies on the role of tea drinking in gastric cancer risk remains inconsistent. We aimed to investigate and quantify the relationship between tea consumption and gastric cancer in the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium. METHODS A total of 9438 cases and 20,451 controls from 22 studies worldwide were included. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of gastric cancer for regular versus non-regular tea drinkers were estimated by one and two-stage modelling analyses, including terms for sex, age and the main recognised risk factors for gastric cancer. RESULTS Compared to non-regular drinkers, the estimated adjusted pooled OR for regular tea drinkers was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85-0.97). When the amount of tea consumed was considered, the OR for consumption of 1-2 cups/day was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.94-1.09) and for >3 cups/day was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.80-1.03). Stronger inverse associations emerged among regular drinkers in China and Japan (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49-0.91) where green tea is consumed, in subjects with H. pylori infection (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.58-0.80), and for gastric cardia cancer (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.49-0.84). CONCLUSION Our results indicate a weak inverse association between tea consumption and gastric cancer.
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Abdi S, Ataei S, Abroon M, Majma Sanaye P, Abbasinazari M, Farrokhian A. A Comprehensive Review of the Role of Complementary and Dietary Medicines in Eradicating Helicobacter pylori. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH 2022; 21:e127030. [PMID: 36060908 PMCID: PMC9420233 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-127030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter pylori isolates have become a global concern. The standard triple or quadruple therapies have recently become the most effective protocol for eradicating H. pylori in the gastrointestinal tract. There is evidence regarding the impact of different complementary or dietary supplements on H. pylori eradication. This review article intended to search electronic bibliographic databases for any clinical studies that evaluated the use of any herbal or dietary supplements to eradicate H. pylori up to June 2021. A total of 20 human studies met our criteria and were reviewed. Although some herbal medicines have shown their efficacy and safety in eradicating H. pylori in different clinical trials, more randomized blind, placebo-controlled human trials with a large sample size must be performed to extend our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Abdi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ataei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maede Abroon
- School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Abbasinazari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Farrokhian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 2660 Vali-e-Asr Aven., P. O. Box: 1991953381, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-2188873704, Fax: +98-2188873704,
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Fei Y, Fang R, Xiao L, Zhang Y, Fan K, Jiang Y, Lei S, Xu R, Yang D, Ye Y, Xiang S, Wang P, Zhou C, Tang T. The development of a colorimetric biosensing assay for the detection of Helicobacter pylori in feces. Anal Biochem 2022; 651:114737. [PMID: 35595119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
As Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is closely related to the occurrence of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer, early detection of H. pylori is an urgent need. In this study, oligonucleotide probes conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used in combination with H. pylori-specific aptamers for the rapid detection of H. pylori in stool samples, which converted the method of detection from proteins to nucleic acids. Therefore, qualitative detection of H. pylori can be achieved by observing color changes through the aggregation (red to purple) or deaggregation (purple to red) of AuNPs, and further quantitative detection can be achieved through UV spectrometry. The detection limit of the colorimetric biosensing method is 25 CFU/mL (S/N = 3), which is favorably comparable to other reported detection methods. Compared with the existing detection methods for H. pylori, this colorimetric biosensing method has no limitations to the test subjects. All these features render the colorimetric biosensing assay a promising method for the clinical field detection of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fei
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Rong Fang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lina Xiao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China; West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ke Fan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yundi Jiang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Silu Lei
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Rui Xu
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Dailan Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China; West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yan Ye
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China; West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shibing Xiang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China; West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China; West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chen Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Tian Tang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China; West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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Kaashyap M, Cohen M, Mantri N. Microbial Diversity and Characteristics of Kombucha as Revealed by Metagenomic and Physicochemical Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124446. [PMID: 34960001 PMCID: PMC8704692 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Kombucha is a fermented tea made from a Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY) with a long history of use as a health tonic. It is likely that most health benefits come from the tea and fermentation metabolites from specific microbial communities. Despite its growing importance as a functional health drink, the microbial ecosystem present in kombucha has not been fully documented. To characterize the microbial composition and biochemical properties of 'The Good Brew' original base kombucha, we used metagenomics amplicon (16S rRNA and ITS) sequencing to identify the microbial communities at the taxonomic level. We identified 34 genera with 200 microbial species yet described in kombucha. The dominance of organic acid producing microorganisms Acetobacter, Komagataeibacter and Starmerella are healthy for the human gut and their glucose metabolising activities have a putative role in preventing conditions such as diabetes and obesity. Kombucha contains high protein (3.31 µg/mL), high phenolic content (290.4 mg/100 mL) and low sugars (glucose: 1.87 g/L; sucrose 1.11 g/L; fructose: 0.05 g/L) as compared to green tea. The broad microbial diversity with proven health benefits for the human gut suggests kombucha is a powerful probiotic. These findings are important to improve the commercial value of kombucha and uncover the immense prospects for health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Kaashyap
- The Pangenomics Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Marc Cohen
- The Good Brew Co., Brunswick, Melbourne, VIC 3056, Australia;
| | - Nitin Mantri
- The Pangenomics Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia;
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Extraction of bioactive compounds from different types of tea by high hydrostatic pressure. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gastroprotective Effects of Polyphenols against Various Gastro-Intestinal Disorders: A Mini-Review with Special Focus on Clinical Evidence. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072090. [PMID: 33917379 PMCID: PMC8038706 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are classified as an organic chemical with phenolic units that display an array of biological functions. However, polyphenols have very low bioavailability and stability, which make polyphenols a less bioactive compound. Many researchers have indicated that several factors might affect the efficiency and the metabolism (biotransformation) of various polyphenols, which include the gut microbiota, structure, and physical properties as well as its interactions with other dietary nutrients (macromolecules). Hence, this mini-review covers the two-way interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota (interplay) and how polyphenols are metabolized (biotransformation) to produce various polyphenolic metabolites. Moreover, the protective effects of numerous polyphenols and their metabolites against various gastrointestinal disorders/diseases including gastritis, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) like ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) like celiac disease (CED) are discussed. For this review, the authors chose only a few popular polyphenols (green tea polyphenol, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin), and a discussion of their proposed mechanism underpinning the gastroprotection was elaborated with a special focus on clinical evidence. Overall, this contribution would help the general population and science community to identify a potent polyphenol with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, prebiotic, and immunomodulatory properties to combat various gut-related diseases or disorders (complementary therapy) along with modified lifestyle pattern and standard gastroprotective drugs. However, the data from clinical trials are much limited and hence many large-scale clinical trials should be performed (with different form/metabolites and dose) to confirm the gastroprotective activity of the above-mentioned polyphenols and their metabolites before recommendation.
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Protective effects of L-theanine on rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammatory bowel disease. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:821-862. [PMID: 32720164 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and protective effects of L-theanine in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Rats were pre-treated with L-theanine at 0, 50, 200, or 800 mg/kg/day. IBD was induced in rats using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Histopathological analysis suggests that L-theanine can suppress DSS-induced IBD with significant inhibition of inflammation in large and small intestinal tissues. Moreover, the 200 mg/kg/day L-theanine-treated DSS group had higher body and small intestine weights, a lower disease activity index and expression of inflammatory factors than the DSS group without pre-treatment. In RNA sequencing and tandem mass tag labeling analyses, large number of mRNAs and proteins expression level differed when compared with the DSS-induced rats with and without 200 mg/kg/day L-theanine pre-treatment. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicates the anti-inflammatory activities of L-theanine in DSS-induced IBD, with a high representation of genes in "Cholesterol metabolism" and "Retinol metabolism" pathways. Analysis of protein-protein interaction networks further indicates the involvement of these two pathways. These studies suggest that medium-dose L-theanine pre-treatment could ameliorate DSS-induced IBD through molecular mechanisms involving cholesterol and retinol metabolism.
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Investigation of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Its Related Factors in the Tianjin Binhai Area, China. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.94845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Williams J, Sergi D, McKune AJ, Georgousopoulou EN, Mellor DD, Naumovski N. The beneficial health effects of green tea amino acid l
-theanine in animal models: Promises and prospects for human trials. Phytother Res 2019; 33:571-583. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Williams
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)-Health and Biosecurity; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Andrew J. McKune
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE); Bruce ACT Australia
- Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - Ekavi N. Georgousopoulou
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education; Harokopio University; Athens Greece
| | - Duane D. Mellor
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
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Bunte K, Hensel A, Beikler T. Polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease: A systematic review of in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies. Fitoterapia 2018; 132:30-39. [PMID: 30496806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived polyphenols with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory characteristics appear to provide a variety of oral health benefits. Thus, the aim of the present study was to review the scientific literature to identify these effects of polyphenols on periodontal pathogens and inflammation. A MEDLINE search from 1st January 2013 to 18th January 2018 was performed to identify studies reporting polyphenol-containing plant extracts. Reports regarding pure compounds and essential oils, as well as effects on bacteria that are not defined as periodontal pathogens, were excluded. Thirty-eight studies matched the selection criteria. Studies on immunomodulatory effects included in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies (n = 23), whereas studies reporting antibacterial effects against periodontal pathogens included only in vitro studies (n = 18). Three studies were included in both groups. The antibacterial effects were characterised by inhibition of bacterial growth, adhesion to oral cells, and enzymatic activity. Decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory and increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines were demonstrated. Higher attachment levels, lower inflammation, and bone loss were reported by in vivo studies. Due to the high heterogeneity, it is difficult to draw clear conclusions for applicability; nevertheless, polyphenols have great potential as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory substances in the treatment and prevention of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Hensel
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Thomas Beikler
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Building O58, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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15
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Debraekeleer A, Remaut H. Future perspective for potentialHelicobacter pylorieradication therapies. Future Microbiol 2018; 13:671-687. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Debraekeleer
- Department of Structural & Molecular Microbiology, VIB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Han Remaut
- Department of Structural & Molecular Microbiology, VIB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Inhibition of EV71 by curcumin in intestinal epithelial cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191617. [PMID: 29370243 PMCID: PMC5784943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
EV71 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Picornaviridae family. EV71 infection may cause various symptoms ranging from hand-foot-and-mouth disease to neurological pathological conditions such as aseptic meningitis, ataxia, and acute transverse myelitis. There is currently no effective treatment or vaccine available. Various compounds have been examined for their ability to restrict EV71 replication. However, most experiments have been performed in rhabdomyosarcoma or Vero cells. Since the gastrointestinal tract is the entry site for this pathogen, we anticipated that orally ingested agents may exert beneficial effects by decreasing virus replication in intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, curcumin (diferuloylmethane, C21H20O6), an active ingredient of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn) with anti-cancer properties, was investigated for its anti-enterovirus activity. We demonstrate that curcumin treatment inhibits viral translation and increases host cell viability. Curcumin does not exert its anti-EV71 effects by modulating virus attachment or virus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity. Furthermore, curcumin-mediated regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways is not involved. We found that protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) plays a role in virus translation in EV71-infected intestinal epithelial cells and that curcumin treatment decreases the phosphorylation of this enzyme. In addition, we show evidence that curcumin also limits viral translation in differentiated human intestinal epithelial cells. In summary, our data demonstrate the anti-EV71 properties of curcumin, suggesting that ingestion of this phytochemical may protect against enteroviral infections.
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Ten-Day Quadruple Therapy Comprising Proton Pump Inhibitor, Bismuth, Tetracycline, and Levofloxacin is More Effective than Standard Levofloxacin Triple Therapy in the Second-Line Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2017; 112:1374-1381. [PMID: 28719592 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2017.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-amoxicillin-fluoroquinolone triple therapy is recommended as a second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus Report. However, the eradication rate of this standard salvage treatment is suboptimal. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of esomeprazole-bismuth-tetracycline-levofloxacin therapy (TL quadruple therapy) and esomeprazole-amoxicillin-levofloxacin triple therapy (AL triple therapy) in rescue treatment for H. pylori infection. METHODS Consecutive H. pylori-infected subjects after failure of first-line therapies were randomly allocated to receive either TL quadruple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg b.d., bismuth 120 mg q.d.s., tetracycline 500 mg q.d.s., and levofloxacin 500 mg o.d.) or AL triple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg b.d., amoxicillin 500 mg q.d.s., and levofloxacin 500 mg o.d.) for 10 days. H. pylori status was assessed 6 weeks after the end of treatment. RESULTS The study was stopped after an interim analysis. Of 50 patients in the TL quadruple therapy, 49 (98.0%) had successful eradication of H. pylori infection. Cure of H. pylori infection was achieved in 36 of 52 patients (69.2%) receiving AL triple therapy. Intention-to-treat analysis demonstrated that TL quadruple therapy achieved a markedly higher eradication rate than AL triple therapy (difference: 28.8%; 95% confidence interval: 15.7% to 41.9%; P<0.001). Per-protocol analysis yielded a similar result (97.8% vs. 68.6%; P<0.001). The two treatment groups exhibited comparable frequencies of overall adverse events (22.0% vs. 11.5%) and drug compliance (90.0% vs. 98.1%). The subgroup analysis showed that TL quadruple therapy was superior to AL triple therapy in patients with failure of either standard triple therapy (100% vs. 75.0%; P=0.010) or non-bismuth quadruple therapy (95.0% vs. 52.6%; P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Ten-day PPI-bismuth-tetracycline-levofloxacin quadruple therapy is a good option for rescue treatment of H. pylori infection following failure of standard triple or non-bismuth quadruple therapy.
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19
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Rafieian-Kopaei M, Movahedi M. Breast cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of Camellia Sinensis (green tea): an updated review. Electron Physician 2017; 9:3838-3844. [PMID: 28465816 PMCID: PMC5410915 DOI: 10.19082/3838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Camellia sinensis belongs to the plant family of Theaceae, native to East Asia, the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, but naturalized in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to overview its anti-breast cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects. This review article is aimed to overview breast cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of Camellia sinensis (green tea). Methods This review article was carried out by searching studies in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and IranMedex databases. The initial search strategy identified around 108 references. In this study, 68 studies were accepted for further screening, and met all our inclusion criteria [in English, full text, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of Camellia sinensis and dated mainly from the year 1999 to 2016. The search terms were Camellia sinensis, chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic properties, pharmacological effects. Result The result of this study suggested that the catechin available in Camellia sinensis has properties which can prevent and treat breast cancer. It has also been shown to inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells and to block carcinogenesis. It was found that increased Camellia sinensis consumption may lower the risk of breast cancer. Camellia sinensis intake was shown to reduce the risk of breast cancer incidence. In addition, potential breast cancer chemopreventive effect of Camellia sinensis both in vivo and in vitro was highly confirmed. However, the evidence of low effect and no effect was observed. More clinical trial studies are needed to prove its anti-breast cancer activity decisively. Conclusion Camellia sinensis is broadly utilized as a part of customary medication since antiquated time because of its cost adequacy, and fewer reaction properties. The studies demonstrated anti-breast cancer activity of Camellia sinensis and its component by adjusting cell signaling pathways such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, and transcription factor. Furthermore, Camellia sinensis and its chemical compound was shown to be extremely useful in the development of novel anticancer medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Full Professor, Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mino Movahedi
- Mino Movahedi, MD in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assistant Professor, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Arun SD, Minal MK, Karibasappa GN, Prashanth VK, Girija AD, Harish CJ. Comparative assessment of antibacterial efficacy of aqueous extract of commercially available black, green, and lemon tea: an in vitro study. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2017; 11:42-46. [PMID: 29085267 PMCID: PMC5654184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to determine and compare antibacterial efficacy of aqueous extracts of black, green, and lemon tea of a commercially available brand. MATERIALS AND METHODS The well-diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of commercially available black tea, green tea, and lemon tea at three different concentrations (1.5 g, 5 g, and 7.5 g) against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. After incubation in appropriate culture medium, diameter of zone of inhibition was measured to assess the antibacterial efficacy of tea. RESULTS Maximum zone of inhibition was found with lemon tea (27 mm) followed by green tea (26 mm) and black tea (13 mm) against S. mutans and L. acidophilus. Zone of inhibition was highest at 7.5 g concentration (1 and half tea spoon) for lemon tea followed by green tea and black tea. Results were statistically analyzed with the analysis of variance (ANOVA). For pairwise intergroup multiple comparisons, bonferroni test was applied. The difference between black tea, green tea, and lemon tea were statistically significant (P < 0.001) at 5% of level of significance. CONCLUSION Lemon tea at 7.5 g concentration was more effective followed by green tea and black tea against S. mutans and L. acidophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Dodamani Arun
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - M. Kshirsagar Minal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. M. Kshirsagar Minal, Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, P. O. Box No. 145, Opp. Jawahar Soot Girni, Sakri Road, Dhule - 424 001, Maharashtra, India. Tel.: 07304643334/07066584979. E-mail:
| | - G. N. Karibasappa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - V. K. Prashanth
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - A. Dodamani Girija
- Department of Prosthodontics, ACPM Dental College, Dhule. Maharashtra, India
| | - C. Jadhav Harish
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
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Won YS, Kumazoe M, Takamatsu K, Shinoda Y, Sonoda S, Okada K, Okamoto T, Tachibana H. Green tea cultivar 'Benifuuki' potentiates split vaccine-induced immunoglobulin A production. J Nat Med 2016; 71:68-75. [PMID: 27488865 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-1028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Influenza is a widespread disease caused by infection with the influenza virus. Vaccination is considered to be the main countermeasure against influenza. A split vaccine is widely used to avoid severe adverse events, and it induces strong humoral immunity. However, the split vaccine alone cannot elicit mucosal immunity, including IgA production, and its preventative effects are limited. Here, we show that the green tea cultivar 'Benifuuki' extract enhanced the effect of a split vaccine on mucosal immunity. The frequency of IgA+ cells was increased in lung and Peyer's patch that received Benifuuki diet. Secretion of hemagglutinin-specific mucosal IgA, which is closely linked to the prevention of viral infection, was significantly increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of split vaccine-immunized BALB/c mice that were administered green tea Benifuuki extract. Our findings suggest that Benifuuki intake enhanced the effects of the split vaccine on mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Seon Won
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Motofumi Kumazoe
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kanako Takamatsu
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yuki Shinoda
- Products Research and Development Laboratory, Asahi Soft Drinks Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 302-0106, Japan
| | - Saki Sonoda
- Products Research and Development Laboratory, Asahi Soft Drinks Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 302-0106, Japan
| | - Kenji Okada
- Products Research and Development Laboratory, Asahi Soft Drinks Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 302-0106, Japan
| | - Takehisa Okamoto
- Products Research and Development Laboratory, Asahi Soft Drinks Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 302-0106, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tachibana
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
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Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of crude N-acetylneuraminic acid isolated from glycomacropeptide of whey. Lab Anim Res 2016; 32:99-104. [PMID: 27382378 PMCID: PMC4931043 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2016.32.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric mucosa of about half of the world's population, causing chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. An increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant H. pylori arouses demand on alternative non-antibiotic-based therapies. In this study, we freshly prepared crude N-acetylneuraminic acid obtained from glycomacropeptide (G-NANA) of whey through a neuraminidase-mediated reaction and evaluated its antibacterial ability against H. pylori and H. felis. Overnight cultures of the H. pylori were diluted with fresh media and different concentrations (1-150 mg/mL) of crude G-NANA were added directly to the culture tube. Bacterial growth was evaluated by measuring the optical density of the culture medium and the number of viable bacteria was determined by a direct count of the colony forming units (CFU) on agar plates. For the in vivo study, mice were orally infected with 100 µL (5×10(8) cfu/mL) of H. felis four times at a day's interval, accompanied by a daily administration of crude G-NANA or vehicle. A day after the last infection, the mice were daily administered the crude G-NANA (0, 75, and 300 mg/mL) for 10 days and euthanized. Their stomachs were collected and bacterial colonization was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Crude G-NANA inhibited H. pylori's growth and reduced the number of viable bacteria in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, crude G-NANA inhibited bacterial colonization in the mice. These results showed that crude G-NANA has antibacterial activity against Helicobacter and demonstrated its therapeutic potential for the prevention of chronic gastritis and gastric carcinogenesis induced by Helicobacter infection in humans.
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Ansari S, Gautam R, Nepal HP, Subedi SN, Shrestha S, Mandal F, Rimal B, Chhetri MR. Helicobacter pylori colonization in Nepal; assessment of prevalence and potential risk factors in a hospital-based patient cohort. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:59. [PMID: 26833400 PMCID: PMC4736165 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-1867-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative bacterium, can cause gastritis, peptic and duodenal ulcers. It is considered an important public health problem for both developed and developing world. This bacterium is classified as the class 1 carcinogen because it can cause cancer. Methods A hospital based study was conducted at Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital (CMCTH) from May to October 2014. Stool samples were collected from the suspected patients and were subjected to detection of the H. pylori stool antigen (HpSAg) following the procedures recommended by the manufacturer. A standard questionnaire on the potential risk factors was also designed and completed. Result HpSAg was detected in 16 % of suspected patients. The children up to 10 years of age were found to be highly infected (36 %). The patients living in urban area were found more susceptible to develop H. pylori infection (P < 0.05). Tea drinking and repeated eating habit (more than twice a day) were listed as the important factors that can limit the H. pylori infections significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion In this hospital based study, a significant rate of prevalence was evaluated. However, we recommend a community based extensive study to reveal the real scenario of H. pylori infection in Nepalese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamshul Ansari
- Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
| | - Rajendra Gautam
- Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
| | - Hari Prasad Nepal
- Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
| | - Shankar Nand Subedi
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
| | - Sony Shrestha
- Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
| | - Fuleshwar Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
| | - Brihaspati Rimal
- Department of Biochemistry, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
| | - Muni Raj Chhetri
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
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Chen M, Chen X, Cheng W, Li Y, Ma J, Zhong F. Quantitative optimization and assessments of supplemented tea polyphenols in dry dog food considering palatability, levels of serum oxidative stress biomarkers and fecal pathogenic bacteria. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22790a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementation of tea polyphenols (TP) in dry dog food on the palatability of dry dog food, serum oxidative stress biomarkers, and fecal pathogenic bacteria in adult dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoshen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- China
| | - Wenli Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- China
| | - Jianguo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- China
| | - Fang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- China
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Monteiro-Riviere NA, Ortega MT, Choi K, Koci J, Lin Z, Jeffery B, Riviere JE. Comparative In Vitro Cytotoxicity of 20 Potential Food Ingredients in Canine Liver, Kidney, Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, and Enterocyte-like Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2015.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Maria T. Ortega
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Kyoungju Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Juraj Koci
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Brett Jeffery
- Mars Global Food Safety Center, Yanqi Economic Development Zone, Huairou, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jim E. Riviere
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
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Choi K, Ortega MT, Jeffery B, Riviere JE, Monteiro-Riviere NA. Oxidative stress response in canine in vitro liver, kidney and intestinal models with seven potential dietary ingredients. Toxicol Lett 2015; 241:49-59. [PMID: 26602166 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cell culture systems are a useful tool to rapidly assess the potential safety or toxicity of chemical constituents of food. Here, we investigated oxidative stress and organ-specific antioxidant responses by 7 potential dietary ingredients using canine in vitro culture of hepatocytes, proximal tubule cells (CPTC), bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and enterocyte-like cells (ELC). Cellular production of free radical species by denatonium benzoate (DB), epigallocatechin gallate (EPI), eucalyptol (EUC), green tea catechin extract (GTE) and sodium copper chlorophyllin (SCC), tetrahydroisohumulone (TRA) as well as xylitol (XYL) were continuously measured for reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and superoxide (SO) for up to 24h. DB and TRA showed strong prooxidant activities in hepatocytes and to a lesser degree in ELC. DB was a weak prooxidant in BMSC. In contrast DB and TRA were antioxidants in CPTC. EPI was prooxidant in hepatocytes and BMSC but showed prooxidant and antioxidant activity in CPTC. SCC in hepatocytes (12.5mg/mL) and CPTC (0.78mg/mL) showed strong prooxidant and antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner. GTE was effective antioxidant only in ELC. EUC and XYL did not induce ROS/RNS in all 4 cell types. SO production by EPI and TRA increased in hepatocytes but decreased by SCC in hepatocytes and ELC. These results suggest that organ-specific responses to oxidative stress by these potential prooxidant compounds may implicate a mechanism of their toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungju Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Maria T Ortega
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Brett Jeffery
- Mars Global Food Safety Center, Yanqi Economic Development Zone, Huairou, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jim E Riviere
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.
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Yazbek PB, Trindade AB, Chin CM, Dos Santos JL. Challenges to the Treatment and New Perspectives for the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Dig Dis Sci 2015; 60:2901-12. [PMID: 25999247 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3712-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the leading causes of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric adenocarcinoma. The current treatment of H. pylori infection with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors has several limitations, including poor adherence and intrinsic patient-related factors, drug resistance, and the absence of adequate treatments. This review summarizes the current therapeutic approaches to eradicating H. pylori, the difficulties associated with its treatment, and several new perspectives aimed at improving existing treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Baptistella Yazbek
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Drugs and Medicines Department, State University of São Paulo "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rodovia Araraquara Jaú Km, 01 s/n, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brazil
| | - Ariane Biolcati Trindade
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Drugs and Medicines Department, State University of São Paulo "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rodovia Araraquara Jaú Km, 01 s/n, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brazil
| | - Chung Man Chin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Drugs and Medicines Department, State University of São Paulo "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rodovia Araraquara Jaú Km, 01 s/n, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brazil
| | - Jean Leandro Dos Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Drugs and Medicines Department, State University of São Paulo "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rodovia Araraquara Jaú Km, 01 s/n, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brazil.
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Nagaraja V, Eslick GD. Evidence-based assessment of proton-pump inhibitors in Helicobacter pylori eradication: A systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14527-14536. [PMID: 25356018 PMCID: PMC4209521 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease continues to be issue especially due to its high prevalence in the developing world. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection associated duodenal ulcers should undergo eradication therapy. There are many regimens offered for H. pylori eradication which include triple, quadruple, or sequential therapy regimens. The central aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence for H. pylori therapy from a meta-analytical outlook. The consequence of the dose, type of proton-pump inhibitor, and the length of the treatment will be debated. The most important risk factor for eradication failure is resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole.
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Abstract
Green tea is a popular drink, especially in Asian countries, although its popularity continues to spread across the globe. The health benefits of green tea, derived from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, have been studied for many years. Fairly recently, researchers have begun to look at the possibility of using green tea in antimicrobial therapy, and the potential prevention of infections. The particular properties of catechins found in the tea have shown promise for having antimicrobial effects. There are four main catechins (polyphenols) found in green tea: (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Three of these, ECG, EGC, and EGCG have been shown to have antimicrobial effects against a variety of organisms. These catechins have exhibited a variety of antimicrobial mechanisms. The results of studies on the antimicrobial effects of green tea have shown that the potential for preventive and therapeutic purposes is present. Further data collection on studies performed with human consumption during the course of infections, and studies on the occurrence of infections in populations that consume regular amounts of green tea will be necessary to complete the picture of its antimicrobial possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda C Reygaert
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine Rochester, MI, USA
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Nontraditional therapies to treat Helicobacter pylori infection. J Microbiol 2014; 52:259-72. [PMID: 24682990 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-3603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Gram-negative pathogen Helicobacter pylori is increasingly more resistant to the three major antibiotics (metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin) that are most commonly used to treat infection. As a result, there is an increased rate of treatment failure; this translates into an overall higher cost of treatment due to the need for increased length of treatment and/or the requirement for combination or sequential therapy. Given the rise in antibiotic resistance, the complicated treatment regime, and issues related to patient compliance that stem from the duration and complexity of treatment, there is clearly a pressing need for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat H. pylori infection. As such, researchers are actively investigating the utility of antimicrobial peptides, small molecule inhibitors and naturopathic therapies. Herein we review and discuss each of these novel approaches as a means to target this important gastric pathogen.
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Ayala G, Escobedo-Hinojosa WI, Cruz-Herrera CFDL, Romero I. Exploring alternative treatments for Helicobacter pylori infection. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:1450-1469. [PMID: 24587621 PMCID: PMC3925854 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i6.1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a successful pathogen that can persist in the stomach of an infected person for their entire life. It provokes chronic gastric inflammation that leads to the development of serious gastric diseases such as peptic ulcers, gastric cancer and Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. It is known that these ailments can be avoided if the infection by the bacteria can be prevented or eradicated. Currently, numerous antibiotic-based therapies are available. However, these therapies have several inherent problems, including the appearance of resistance to the antibiotics used and associated adverse effects, the risk of re-infection and the high cost of antibiotic therapy. The delay in developing a vaccine to prevent or eradicate the infection has furthered research into new therapeutic approaches. This review summarises the most relevant recent studies on vaccine development and new treatments using natural resources such as plants, probiotics and nutraceuticals. In addition, novel alternatives based on microorganisms, peptides, polysaccharides, and intragastric violet light irradiation are presented. Alternative therapies have not been effective in eradicating the bacteria but have been shown to maintain low bacterial levels. Nevertheless, some of them are useful in preventing the adverse effects of antibiotics, modulating the immune response, gastroprotection, and the general promotion of health. Therefore, those agents can be used as adjuvants of allopathic anti-H. pylori eradication therapy.
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Jiang HL, Chen FW, Xia XL, Tian J, Han QF, Zhong Q, Chen ZJ, Jiang JC, Liu XJ. Prevalence of and risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese military personnel. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:4084-4091. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i36.4084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in Chinese military personnel.
METHODS: Using cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 510 soldiers in the southern China. The questionnaire consisted of 67 items related to H. pylori infection. H. pylori infection was detected by measurement of serum H. pylori IgG antibody and by the 14C breath test. The risk factors for H. pylori infection were analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 510 subjects completed the questionnaire and received H. pylori detection. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 59.2%. H. pylori infection was positively associated with age, service duration, collective accommodation time, number of family members before joining the army, eating ginger and potato and their products, and negatively related with the use of detergent when washing dishes. Married soldiers and those having a collective life history before joining the army soldiers had significantly higher H. pylori infection rates.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of H. pylori infection in Chinese soldiers was 59.2%. H. pylori infection is associated with age, service duration, collective accommodation time, marriage, number of family members and collective life history before joining the army, and eating habits in Chinese soldiers.
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van Hasselt TJ, Pickles O, Midgley-Hunt A, Jiang CQ, Zhang WS, Cheng KK, Thomas GN, Lam TH. Effects of tea consumption on renal function in a metropolitan Chinese population: the Guangzhou biobank cohort study. J Ren Nutr 2013; 24:26-31. [PMID: 24216256 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Green tea consumption has been associated with many prophylactic health benefits. This study examined for the first time associations between tea consumption and renal function in a Chinese population. DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional baseline data including demographics, and lifestyle and weekly consumption of green, black, and oolong tea were analyzed from 12,428 ambulatory subjects aged 50 to 85 years (67.3% female) that were randomly selected from the membership list of a community social and welfare association in Guangzhou, China. INTERVENTION Associations between tea consumption and renal function were assessed using regression analyses to adjust for potential confounding factors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Renal function was assessed using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and in a subcohort of 1,910 participants using a spot urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio. RESULTS Six thousand eight hundred and seventy-two participants drank at least 1 type of tea. Oolong tea consumption was negatively associated with eGFR (β-coefficient -0.019, P = .025), but in a gender-stratified analysis this was not the case. In men, black tea was positively associated with eGFR (β-coefficient 0.037, P = .013), but not in women (β-coefficient -0.002, P = .856). Otherwise, no statistically significant consistent associations between the measures of renal function and consumption of green tea, black tea, or oolong tea individually or total tea consumption were identified. CONCLUSION Overall there was no clear evidence to suggest any consistent association between renal function and tea consumption in this large population-based study of older Chinese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Pickles
- Worcestershire Royal Hospital, Worcester, United Kingdom; Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Chao Quiang Jiang
- Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Centre, Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sen Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kar Keung Cheng
- Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Neil Thomas
- Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Bansal S, Choudhary S, Sharma M, Kumar SS, Lohan S, Bhardwaj V, Syan N, Jyoti S. Tea: A native source of antimicrobial agents. Food Res Int 2013. [PMCID: PMC7126541 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most popular nonalcoholic beverages, consumed by over two-thirds of the world's population because of its refreshing, mild stimulant and medicinal properties. It is processed in different ways in different parts of the world to give green, black, oolong, and pu-erh tea. Among all tea polyphenols, epigallocatechin-3-gallate has been responsible for much of the health promoting abilities of tea including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumour, anti-oxidative, protection from cardiovascular disease, anti-obesity, and anti-aging properties. In the present review, the antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activities of different types of tea and their polyphenols are reported, highlighting their mechanisms of action and structure–activity relationship. Moreover, considering that the changing patterns of infectious diseases and the emergence of microbial strains resistant to current antibiotics, there is an urgent need to find out new potent antimicrobial agents as adjuvants to antibiotic therapy. The synergistic effect of tea polyphenols in combination with conventional antimicrobial agents against clinical multidrug-resistant microorganisms has also been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Bansal
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Corresponding author. Tel.: + 91 1792 239219; fax: + 91 1792 245362.
| | - Shivani Choudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Suthar Sharad Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Lohan
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Varun Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Navneet Syan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ganpati Institute of Pharmacy, Bilaspur, Haryana, India
| | - Saras Jyoti
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Steinmann J, Buer J, Pietschmann T, Steinmann E. Anti-infective properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a component of green tea. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 168:1059-73. [PMID: 23072320 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of green tea (Camellia sinensis) has been shown to have many physiological and pharmacological health benefits. In the past two decades several studies have reported that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the main constituent of green tea, has anti-infective properties. Antiviral activities of EGCG with different modes of action have been demonstrated on diverse families of viruses, such as Retroviridae, Orthomyxoviridae and Flaviviridae and include important human pathogens like human immunodeficiency virus, influenza A virus and the hepatitis C virus. Furthermore, the molecule interferes with the replication cycle of DNA viruses like hepatitis B virus, herpes simplex virus and adenovirus. Most of these studies demonstrated antiviral properties within physiological concentrations of EGCG in vitro. In contrast, the minimum inhibitory concentrations against bacteria were 10-100-fold higher. Nevertheless, the antibacterial effects of EGCG alone and in combination with different antibiotics have been intensively analysed against a number of bacteria including multidrug-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Furthermore, the catechin EGCG has antifungal activity against human-pathogenic yeasts like Candida albicans. Although the mechanistic effects of EGCG are not fully understood, there are results indicating that EGCG binds to lipid membranes and affects the folic acid metabolism of bacteria and fungi by inhibiting the cytoplasmic enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. This review summarizes the current knowledge and future perspectives on the antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral effects of the green tea constituent EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Steinmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Hou IC, Amarnani S, Chong MT, Bishayee A. Green tea and the risk of gastric cancer: Epidemiological evidence. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:3713-3722. [PMID: 23840110 PMCID: PMC3699047 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i24.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world. Numerous efforts are being made to find chemoprotective agents able to reduce its risk. Amongst these, green tea has been reported to have a protective effect against stomach cancer. This article aims to critically evaluate all epidemiological studies reporting an association between green tea consumption and GC risk. MEDLINE, EBSCOHOST and Google Scholar were used to search for clinical trials of green tea and its correlation to stomach cancer. Studies include cohort and case-control studies. Outcome of interests are inverse association, no association, and positive association. Seventeen epidemiologic studies were reviewed. Eleven studies were conducted in Japan, five in China, and one with Japanese descendent in Hawaii. Ten case-control studies and seven cohort studies were included. The relative risks or odds ratio of GC for the highest level of green tea consumption was compared. Seven studies suggested no association, eight an inverse association, and one a positive association. One study had shown a significantly lowered GC risk when tea was served warm to cold. Another study also showed a significantly risk with lukewarm tea. All studies that analyzed men and women separately have suggested a reduced risk in women than in men, albeit no significant difference. This review demonstrates that there is insufficient information to support green tea consumption reduces the risk of GC. More studies on the subject matter are warranted.
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Di Lorenzo C, Dell'Agli M, Sangiovanni E, Dos Santos A, Uberti F, Moro E, Bosisio E, Restani P. Correlation between catechin content and NF-κB inhibition by infusions of green and black tea. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 68:149-154. [PMID: 23636906 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-013-0354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates whether infusions of green and black tea inhibit the NF-κB driven transcription in human epithelial gastric AGS cells. Water extracts were prepared from different brands of green and black tea available on the Italian market. Teas with or without caffeine were studied. An industrially prepared freeze-dried water extract of green tea was also tested. Catechin and caffeine contents were measured by HPLC analysis. The decrease in phenol and catechin content three months after the expiry date was also investigated. The NF-κB driven transcription and the free radical scavenger activity were inhibited, and this effect was related to catechin levels. The potency of epigallocatechin 3-gallate in inhibiting NF-κB driven transcription is so great that tea extracts low in epigallocatechin 3-gallate are still highly active. In one decaffeinated sample of green tea, the phenol and catechin content was very low, probably as a consequence of caffeine removal. The decrease in catechin levels after 3 months did not reduce the inhibition of NF-κB driven transcription by tea infusions. This is the first paper reporting the inhibitory effect of NF-κB of commercial green and black infusions at the gastric level, evaluating their stability as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Cranberry extract suppresses interleukin-8 secretion from stomach cells stimulated by Helicobacter pylori in every clinically separated strain but inhibits growth in part of the strains. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Song M, Li Q, Guan X, Wang T, Bi K. Novel HPLC Method to Evaluate the Quality and Identify the Origins of Longjing Green Tea. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.704532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Araghizadeh A, Kohanteb J, Fani MM. Inhibitory activity of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract on some clinically isolated cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria. Med Princ Pract 2013; 22:368-72. [PMID: 23485656 PMCID: PMC5586764 DOI: 10.1159/000348299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the in vitro inhibitory activity of green tea extract on some clinically isolated cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty strains of each of Streptococcusmutans, Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonasgingivalis, and Prevotellaintermedia were isolated from carious teeth and periodontal pockets of patients with dental caries and periodontal diseases. Green tea extract was prepared by aqueous extraction method and diluted from 50 to 1.56 mg/ml. Standard techniques of agar disk diffusion and broth microdilution assays were applied for qualitative and quantitative determinations of antibacterial activity of green tea extract on each isolates. RESULTS All clinical isolates of S. mutans (100%) were sensitive to green tea extract at concentrations 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/ml producing inhibition zones ranging from 10 to 38 mm. All periodontopathic isolates (A. actinomycetemcomitans, n = 20, P. intermedia, n = 20, and P. gingivalis, n = 20) (100%) tested were sensitive to 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/ml of this extract. The minimal inhibitory concentration of green tea extract for S. mutans was 3.28 ± 0.7 mg/ml and for A. actinomycetemcomitans 6.25, for P. gingivalis and P. intermedia 12.5 mg/ml. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that green tea extract exhibited strong antibacterial activity on S. mutans,A. actinomycetemcomitans,P. gingivalis and P. intermedia and therefore may be used in mouthwashes or dentifrices for prevention of dental caries and periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolmehdi Araghizadeh
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Rodríguez E, Piccini C, Sosa V, Zunino P. The use of the ames test as a tool for addressing problem-based learning in the microbiology lab. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOLOGY EDUCATION 2012; 13:175-177. [PMID: 23653807 PMCID: PMC3577329 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.v13i2.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Our environment is full of potential carcinogens such as UV light, industrial pollutants, pesticides, and food additives, among others. It is estimated that 90% of all carcinogens are also mutagens. The Ames test is one of the most common tests for mutagens. In this problem-based learning activity, undergraduate biology students used the Ames test to screen a substance they provided, to see if it could be considered a mutagen. The idea of surveying substances used in everyday life appealed to our students, and helped engage them in this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Rodríguez
- Unidad Académica de Laboratorios Prácticos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Claudia Piccini
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Vanessa Sosa
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Zunino
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Liao WC, Wu WH, Lai ST, Lin WJ, Liou HC, Chan CF. Kinetics investigation of antioxidant capacity and total phenols of low-temperature steeping Bi Luo Chun green tea. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bansal S, Syan N, Mathur P, Choudhary S. Pharmacological profile of green tea and its polyphenols: a review. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9800-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
Green tea is made from unfermented dried leaves from Camellia sinensis and has been consumed by humans for thousands of years. For nearly as long, it has been used as a folk remedy for a wide array of diseases. More recently, a large number of in-vitro and in-vivo scientific studies have supported this ancient contention that the polyphenols from green tea can provide a number of health benefits. Since these compounds are clearly safe for human consumption and ubiquitous in the food supply, they are highly attractive as lead compounds for drug discovery programs. However, as drugs, they are far from optimum. They are relatively unstable, poorly absorbed, and readily undergo a number of metabolic transformations by intestinal microbiota and human enzymes. Further, since these compounds target a wide array of biological systems, in-vivo testing is rather difficult since effects on alternative pathways need to be carefully eliminated. The purpose of this review is to discuss some of the challenges and benefits of pursuing this family of compounds for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Smith
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, Saint Louis, MO 63132 USA, Tel: (314)-587-1451
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Sosa M, Rodríguez-Rojo S, Mattea F, Cismondi M, Cocero M. Green tea encapsulation by means of high pressure antisolvent coprecipitation. J Supercrit Fluids 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2010.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kossah R, Zhang H, Chen W. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Chinese sumac (Rhus typhina L.) fruit extract. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Goldman CG, Mitchell HM, Havaspour A, Nooranipour M, Habibinejad AA. Helicobacter spp. other than Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter 2010; 15 Suppl 1:69-75. [PMID: 21054656 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00780.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 12 months, new insights into the association of non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacters with a range of human diseases in children and adults, including hepatobiliary disease, Crohn's disease, sepsis, and gastric disease were published. Studies investigating the presence of non-H. pylori Helicobacters in domestic animals reinforce previous findings that cats and dogs harbor gastric Helicobacter species and thus may be an important source of these organisms in humans. The confounding effect of enterohepatic Helicobacters on the outcome of biomedical research was investigated in several studies and led to recommendations that animals should be screened prior to performing experiments. A number of important and novel investigations regarding pathogenic mechanisms and immune responses to enterohepatic Helicobacters were conducted. Genomic advances in non-H. pylori Helicobacters included description of the complete genome of Helicobacter canadensis, delineation of two Helicobacter bilis genomospecies, and identification of a novel cis-regulatory RNA. New insights concerning growth conditions, biochemical characterization, and the effect of certain dietary compounds on Helicobacter spp. have also been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia G Goldman
- School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Is temperature an effect modifier of the association between green tea intake and gastric cancer risk? Eur J Cancer Prev 2010; 19:18-22. [PMID: 19864955 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0b013e328330eb1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We considered the relationship between green tea and gastric cancer risk in Harbin, Heilongjiang province, Northeast China, an area with high baseline risk of stomach cancer. We used data from a case-control study conducted from 1987 to 1989 among 266 incident cases of stomach cancer and 533 controls admitted to the same hospitals as cases, with non-neoplastic and non-gastric diseases. No association emerged when tea consumption alone was considered: the odds ratio (OR) for green tea consumption was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.60-1.25) for green tea intake > or = 750 g/year versus no intake and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.97-1.02) for an increment of 500 g of tea per year. When tea consumption was classified according to the temperature, however, the OR was 0.19 (95% CI: 0.07-0.49) for lukewarm tea intake > or = 750 g/year and 1.27 (95% CI: 0.85-1.90) for hot tea intake (P value for interaction <0.001) as compared with non-drinkers. The corresponding ORs for an increment of 500 g of tea per year were 0.61 (95% CI: 0.45-0.82) and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.99-1.07) for lukewarm and hot tea, respectively (P value for interaction <0.001). We found an inverse relationship between green tea drinking and gastric cancer risk limited to the intake of lukewarm tea.
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