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Schwartz JA, Romeiser JL, Kimura R, Senzel L, Galanakis D, Halper D, Mena S, Bennett-Guerrero E. Effect of chamomile intake on blood coagulation tests in healthy volunteers: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Perioper Med (Lond) 2023; 12:51. [PMID: 37730613 PMCID: PMC10510223 DOI: 10.1186/s13741-023-00339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chamomile is consumed worldwide for enjoyment and its potentially desirable properties. Widespread patient resource websites, however, discourage preoperative chamomile intake, lest bleeding could worsen. This precaution, though, stems largely from indirect evidence in one case report. To evaluate if chamomile ingestion impacts coagulation assays via coumarin-like substances, we designed a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy volunteers were randomized to three interventions in a cross-over-design spanning 5 weeks per subject. Interventions included 7-day consumption of chamomile tea (3 tea bags × 3 times daily = 9 tea bags daily), a chamomile extract capsule (3 times daily), or a placebo capsule (3 times daily). A 7-day washout period elapsed between intervention periods. The primary outcome was the change in prothrombin time (PT) before vs. after each intervention. Secondary outcomes included changes in the international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), reptilase time (RT), and fibrinogen (FG) surrounding each intervention. RESULTS All 12 enrolled subjects were randomized and completed the study. The primary outcome of PT change (mean ± SD) was similar across interventions (chamomile tea = - 0.2 ± 0.4 s, extract capsule = - 0.2 ± 0.4 s, and placebo capsule = 0.1 ± 0.5 s; p = 0.34). INR change was 0 s (p = 0.07) for each intervention. The aPTT, TT, RT, and FG, did not change significantly across interventions (p = 0.8, p = 0.08, p = 0.8, and p = 0.2 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Chamomile intake by tea or capsule does not prolong PT. These findings challenge the notion to avoid perioperative chamomile intake in patients not taking warfarin. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05006378; Principal Investigator: Jonathon Schwartz, M.D.; Registered August 16, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon A Schwartz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences Center, Level 4, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8434, USA.
| | - Jamie L Romeiser
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences Center, Level 4, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8434, USA
| | - Reona Kimura
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Lisa Senzel
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Galanakis
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Darcy Halper
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences Center, Level 4, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8434, USA
| | - Shayla Mena
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences Center, Level 4, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8434, USA
| | - Elliott Bennett-Guerrero
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences Center, Level 4, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8434, USA
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Santos SA, Amaral RG, Graça AS, Gomes SVF, Santana FP, de Oliveira IB, Andrade LN, Severino P, de Albuquerque-Júnior RLC, Santos SL, Souto EB, Carvalho AA. Antitumor Profile of Combined Matricaria recutita Flower Extract and 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy in Sarcoma 180 In Vivo Model. TOXICS 2023; 11:375. [PMID: 37112602 PMCID: PMC10141557 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been commonly associated with chemotherapeutic treatments, as an approach to reduce the toxicological risks of classical anticancer drugs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of combining the antineoplastic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with Matricaria recutita flowers extract (MRFE) to treat mice transplanted with sarcoma 180. Tumor inhibition, body and visceral mass variation, biochemical, hematological, and histopathological parameters were evaluated. The isolated 5-FU, 5-FU+MRFE 100 mg/kg/day, and 5-FU+MRFE 200 mg/kg/day reduced tumor growth; however, 5-FU+MRFE 200 mg/kg/day showed a more significant tumor reduction when compared to 5-FU alone. These results corroborated with the analysis of the tumor histopathological and immunodetection of the Ki67 antigen. In the toxicological analysis of the association 5-FU+MRFE 200 mg/kg/day, an intense loss of body mass was observed, possibly as a result of diarrhea. In addition, spleen atrophy, with a reduction in white pulp, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, was observed in the 5-FU groups alone and associated with MRFE 200 mg/kg/day; however, there was no statistical difference between these groups. Therefore, the MRFE 200 mg/kg/day did not interfere in myelosuppressive action of 5-FU. In hematological analysis, body and visceral mass variation and biochemical parameters related to renal (urea and creatinine) and cardiac (CK-MB) function, no alteration was observed. In biochemical parameters related to liver function enzymes, there was a reduction in aspartate transaminase (AST) values in the 5-FU groups alone and associated with MRFE 200 mg/kg/day; however, there was no statistical difference between these groups. Therefore, the MRFE 200 mg/kg/day does not appear to influence enzyme reduction. The results of this study suggest that the association between the 5-FU+MRFE 200 can positively interfere with the antitumor activity, promoting the antineoplastic-induced reduction in body mass, while minimizing the toxicity of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A. Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão CEP 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G. Amaral
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão CEP 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ariel S. Graça
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão CEP 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Silvana V. F. Gomes
- Institute de Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University, Aracaju CEP 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Fabrício P. Santana
- Institute de Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University, Aracaju CEP 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Iza B. de Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, Campus of Lagarto, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto CEP 49400-000, Brazil
| | - Luciana N. Andrade
- Department of Medicine, Campus of Lagarto, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto CEP 49400-000, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Institute de Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University, Aracaju CEP 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra L. Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão CEP 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana A. Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacy, Campus of Lagarto, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto CEP 49400-000, Brazil
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Bermúdez-Oria A, Fernández-Prior A, Luisa Castejón M, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez G, Fernández-Bolaños J. Extraction of polyphenols associated with pectin from olive waste (alperujo) with choline chloride. Food Chem 2023; 419:136073. [PMID: 37030208 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The main by-product from olive oil extraction (alperujo) was extracted with hot water, citric acid, natural deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride: citric acid), and only choline chloride. The purified extracts were composed of macromolecular complexes constituting polyphenols associated with pectin. The extracts were structurally characterized by FT-IR and solid-NMR spectroscopy and an in vitro test revealed distinct antioxidant and antiproliferative activity, depending on the extracting agents. The choline chloride-extracted complex contained the highest amount of polyphenols among the examined agents, which exhibited a strong antioxidant activity and significant antiproliferative capacity. However, the complex extracted by hot water showed the highest antiproliferative capacity in vitro against the colon carcinoma Caco-2 cell line. In this finding, choline chloride could be used as a novel, green and promising alternative to the conventional extracting agent for the production of complexes that combine the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds and the physiological effects of pectic polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Bermúdez-Oria
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Africa Fernández-Prior
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - María Luisa Castejón
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Bolaños
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.
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Fernandes A, Mateus N, de Freitas V. Polyphenol-Dietary Fiber Conjugates from Fruits and Vegetables: Nature and Biological Fate in a Food and Nutrition Perspective. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051052. [PMID: 36900569 PMCID: PMC10000549 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, numerous studies have investigated the correlation between polyphenol intake and the prevention of several chronic diseases. Research regarding the global biological fate and bioactivity has been directed to extractable polyphenols that can be found in aqueous-organic extracts, obtained from plant-derived foods. Nevertheless, significant amounts of non-extractable polyphenols, closely associated with the plant cell wall matrix (namely with dietary fibers), are also delivered during digestion, although they are ignored in biological, nutritional, and epidemiological studies. These conjugates have gained the spotlight because they may exert their bioactivities for much longer than extractable polyphenols. Additionally, from a technological food perspective, polyphenols combined with dietary fibers have become increasingly interesting as they could be useful for the food industry to enhance technological functionalities. Non-extractable polyphenols include low molecular weight compounds such as phenolic acids and high molecular weight polymeric compounds such as proanthocyanidins and hydrolysable tannins. Studies concerning these conjugates are scarce, and usually refer to the compositional analysis of individual components rather than to the whole fraction. In this context, the knowledge and exploitation of non-extractable polyphenol-dietary fiber conjugates will be the focus of this review, aiming to access their potential nutritional and biological effect, together with their functional properties.
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Hong Y, Zhang Y, Chen H, Tang X, Zhao H, Meng Z, Jia X, Liu W, Li X, Wang L, Zhong X, Bai X, Sun H, Kopylov P, Afina B, Shchekochikhin D, Zhang Y, Liu X, Fan Y. Genetic dissection of the impact of lncRNA AI662270 during the development of atherosclerosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:97. [PMID: 36755320 PMCID: PMC9906833 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is driven by synergistic interactions between pathological biomechanical and lipid metabolic factors. Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been implicated in atherogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of lncRNA AI662270 on macrophage cholesterol transport in atherosclerosis. METHODS Apolipoprotein E deficiency (ApoE-/-) mice were fed a high fat diet for 16 weeks to construct atherosclerotic model, and the mice were injected with recombinant lentivirus carrying AI662270 gene to overexpress AI662270. Macrophages were cleared by liposomal clondronate in vivo. Fundamental experiments and functional assays, hematoxylin and eosin staining, oil red O staining and others, were performed to evaluate the function of AI662270 on atherogenesis. Peritoneal macrophages were treated with oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to simulate in vitro model. Mechanism assays, RNA-interacting protein immunoprecipitation, RNA-protein pulldown and others, were performed to study the regulatory mechanism of AI662270 in macrophages. RESULTS The novel AI662270 was mainly enriched in macrophages, but not in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts of mouse atherosclerotic lesions and was upregulated by ox-LDL. Overexpression of AI662270 resulted in lipid accumulation, larger atherosclerotic plaques and cardiac dysfunction in vivo. After macrophages were removed, the pro-atherogenic effect of AI662270 disappeared. Downregulation of AI662270 in macrophages protected against foam cell formation by potentiating cholesterol efflux and reducing intracellular total cholesterol. The opposite effect was observed in macrophage-specific AI662270-overexpressed cells in vitro. AI662270 bound to adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (Abca1) responsible for regulating cholesterol efflux in macrophages. Forced expression of AI662270 in macrophages decreased Abca1 expression. The reverse occurred when expression of AI662270 was repressed. CONCLUSION These findings reveal an essential role for AI662270 in atherosclerosis progression by regulating cholesterol efflux from macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hong
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Tang
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongrui Zhao
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Meng
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueling Jia
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Zhong
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268School of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University, Daqing Campus, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Heyang Sun
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Philipp Kopylov
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China ,grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774Department of Preventive and Emergency Cardiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Bestavashvili Afina
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China ,grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Shchekochikhin
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China ,grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774Department of Preventive and Emergency Cardiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yong Zhang
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhua Fan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Chamomile: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological Activities and Quality Control Studies. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010133. [PMID: 36615326 PMCID: PMC9822300 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricaria chamomilla L. (MC) and Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All. (CN) are two varieties of Chamomile. These herbs have been used for thousands of years in Greece, Rome and ancient Egypt. Chamomile has been used for the treatment of stomach problems, cramps, dermatitis, and minor infections. The purpose of this study was to introduce the botanical characteristics and geographical distribution, traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, toxicity studies and quality control studies, and lay a theoretical foundation for the rational development and utilization of chamomile. This review powered that chemical constituents include flavonoids, coumarins, volatile oils, terpenes, organic acids, polysaccharides, and others. These compounds possess anticancer, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antioxidant, hypolipidaemic, hypoglycaemic, antihypertensive, antidepressant, neuroprotective activities, among others. Chamomile is a widely used herb in traditional medicine. It brings great economic value due to its numerous pharmacological effects and traditional uses. However, more toxicity tests should be carried out to confirm its safety. There is need for further research to provide concrete scientific evidence and validate its medicinal properties.
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Kubatka P, Mazurakova A, Koklesova L, Samec M, Sokol J, Samuel SM, Kudela E, Biringer K, Bugos O, Pec M, Link B, Adamkov M, Smejkal K, Büsselberg D, Golubnitschaja O. Antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects of plant-derived compounds: a great utility potential for primary, secondary, and tertiary care in the framework of 3P medicine. EPMA J 2022; 13:407-431. [PMID: 35990779 PMCID: PMC9376584 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Thromboembolism is the third leading vascular disease, with a high annual incidence of 1 to 2 cases per 1000 individuals within the general population. The broader term venous thromboembolism generally refers to deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and/or a combination of both. Therefore, thromboembolism can affect both – the central and peripheral veins. Arterial thromboembolism causes systemic ischemia by disturbing blood flow and oxygen supply to organs, tissues, and cells causing, therefore, apoptosis and/or necrosis in the affected tissues. Currently applied antithrombotic drugs used, e.g. to protect affected individuals against ischemic stroke, demonstrate significant limitations. For example, platelet inhibitors possess only moderate efficacy. On the other hand, thrombolytics and anticoagulants significantly increase hemorrhage. Contextually, new approaches are extensively under consideration to develop next-generation antithrombotics with improved efficacy and more personalized and targeted application. To this end, phytochemicals show potent antithrombotic efficacy demonstrated in numerous in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models as well as in clinical evaluations conducted on healthy individuals and persons at high risk of thrombotic events, such as pregnant women (primary care), cancer, and COVID-19-affected patients (secondary and tertiary care). Here, we hypothesized that specific antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects of plant-derived compounds might be of great clinical utility in primary, secondary, and tertiary care. To increase the efficacy, precise patient stratification based on predictive diagnostics is essential for targeted protection and treatments tailored to the person in the framework of 3P medicine. Contextually, this paper aims at critical review toward the involvement of specific classes of phytochemicals in antiplatelet and anticoagulation adapted to clinical needs. The paper exemplifies selected plant-derived drugs, plant extracts, and whole plant foods/herbs demonstrating their specific antithrombotic, antiplatelet, and fibrinolytic activities relevant for primary, secondary, and tertiary care. One of the examples considered is antithrombotic and antiplatelet protection specifically relevant for COVID-19-affected patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Mazurakova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Sokol
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Erik Kudela
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | | | - Martin Pec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Link
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marian Adamkov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Karel Smejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Šutovská M, Kocmálová M, Mažerik J, Pawlaczyk-Graja I, Gancarz R, Capek P. Chemical characteristics and significant antitussive effect of the Erigeron canadensis polyphenolic polysaccharide-protein complex. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114754. [PMID: 34662663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Erigeron canadensis has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of respiratory diseases, including acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections and cough-related asthma. There is as yet no relevant experimental or clinical study in the scientific literature evaluating the efficacy of plants in these disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the active ingredients in Erigeron canadensis, a complex isolated from flowering parts of a plant was tested for airway defense reflexes, in particular for cough reflexes and airway reactivity. Both were experimentally induced by a chemical irritant that simulated the inflammatory conditions of their formation. MATERIAL AND METHODS The polyphenolic polysaccharide-protein (PPP) complex was isolated from the flowering parts of Erigeron canadensis by hot alkaline extraction and a multi-stage purification process. The antitussive activity was confirmed as a decrease in the number of citric acid-induced coughs and the bronchodilator effect was verified as a decrease in specific airway resistance (sRaw) in conscious guinea pigs. RESULTS The dark brown Erigeron complex with a molecular weight of 38,000 g/mol contained phenolics (13.2% wt%), proteins (16.3% wt%), and uronic acids (6.3% wt%). The neutral carbohydrate part of Erigeron consisted mainly of xylose (12.1 wt%), glucose (13.3 wt%), arabinose (24.1 wt%), and galactose (41.0 wt%) residues. Arabinogalactan and 4-OMe-glucuronoxylan have been found to be the major polysaccharides in the Erigeron complex. Using a method of chemically-induced cough reflex and guinea pigs test system the Erigeron complex exhibited statistically significant, the dose-dependent antitussive activity, which was similar to that of the centrally-acting opioid agonist codeine. CONCLUSION Pharmacological tests have revealed a new pharmacodynamic effect of the Erigeron complex, namely an antitussive effect. Its activity was most pronounced in comparison with all previously tested compounds from other medicinal plants and approached the effect of codeine, the most potent antitussive used in clinical practice. The results provide the scientific basis for the application of this herb in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Šutovská
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Mala Hora 11161/4B, 03601, Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Mala Hora 11161/4B, 03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Kocmálová
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Mala Hora 11161/4B, 03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Mažerik
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Mala Hora 11161/4B, 03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Izabela Pawlaczyk-Graja
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roman Gancarz
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Peter Capek
- Department of Glycomaterials, Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84538, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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9
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Hrubša M, Alva R, Parvin MS, Macáková K, Karlíčková J, Fadraersada J, Konečný L, Moravcová M, Carazo A, Mladěnka P. Comparison of Antiplatelet Effects of Phenol Derivatives in Humans. Biomolecules 2022; 12:117. [PMID: 35053265 PMCID: PMC8774223 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are associated with positive cardiovascular effects. However, due to their low bioavailability, metabolites are likely responsible for these properties. Recently, one of these metabolites, 4-methylcatechol, was described to be a very potent antiplatelet compound. This study aimed to compare its activity with its 22 close derivatives both of natural or synthetic origin in order to elucidate a potential structure-antiplatelet activity relationship. Blood from human volunteers was induced to aggregate by arachidonic acid (AA), collagen or thrombin, and plasma coagulation was also studied. Potential toxicity was tested on human erythrocytes as well as on a cancer cell line. Our results indicated that 17 out of the 22 compounds were very active at a concentration of 40 μM and, importantly, seven of them had an IC50 on AA-triggered aggregation below 3 μM. The effects of the most active compounds were confirmed on collagen-triggered aggregation too. None of the tested compounds was toxic toward erythrocytes at 50 μM and four compounds partly inhibited proliferation of breast cancer cell line at 100 μM but not at 10 μM. Additionally, none of the compounds had a significant effect on blood coagulation or thrombin-triggered aggregation. This study hence reports four phenol derivatives (4-ethylcatechol, 4-fluorocatechol, 2-methoxy-4-ethylphenol and 3-methylcatechol) suitable for future in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Hrubša
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (R.A.); (J.F.); (L.K.); (M.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Raúl Alva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (R.A.); (J.F.); (L.K.); (M.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Mst Shamima Parvin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.S.P.); (K.M.)
| | - Kateřina Macáková
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.S.P.); (K.M.)
| | - Jana Karlíčková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Jaka Fadraersada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (R.A.); (J.F.); (L.K.); (M.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Lukáš Konečný
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (R.A.); (J.F.); (L.K.); (M.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Monika Moravcová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (R.A.); (J.F.); (L.K.); (M.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Alejandro Carazo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (R.A.); (J.F.); (L.K.); (M.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (R.A.); (J.F.); (L.K.); (M.M.); (P.M.)
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10
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Zhong X, Fu W, Luo X, Feng J, Yuan M, Xiao L, Xu H. Polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharide conjugates from Spica of Prunella vulgaris: Chemical profile and anti-herpes simplex virus activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021:S0141-8130(21)02605-2. [PMID: 34871656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the water extract (PVW) from Spica of Prunella vulgaris Linn. (Labiatae) exerts anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) activity. Evaluation the antiviral activity of the graded ethanol precipitations indicated that 30% ethanol precipitate (PVE30) was the active principle of water extract (PVW). Further activity-oriented separation of PVE30 through salting-out method revealed that the anti-HSV activity of P. vulgaris glycoconjugates (PVG) was more potent than PVE30 and PVW, 2-fold and 4-fold, respectively. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, FT-IR and NMR techniques identified PVG as a type of polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharides (PPPs) with an average molecular weight of 41.69 kDa. PVG was composed of dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan units, and rich in galacturonic acid, xylose, rhamnose, rhamnose, arabinose, glucose monosaccharide units, glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Further in vitro antiviral testing confirmed that PVG substantially and stably inhibited acyclovir (ACV) resistant HSV strains; its inhibitory action was even better than the positive control ACV. Overall, our findings support PVG as a potential drug resource for anti-HSV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunshuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuanlei Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenwei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaomei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiling Feng
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai 200052, China.
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Lamponi S. Bioactive Natural Compounds with Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Activity and Their Potential Role in the Treatment of Thrombotic Disorders. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101095. [PMID: 34685464 PMCID: PMC8540276 DOI: 10.3390/life11101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural anticoagulant drugs can be obtained from plants, rich in secondary bioactive metabolites which, in addition to being effective antioxidants, also possess anticoagulant and antiplatelet properties and, for this reason, can be excellent candidates for the treatment of thrombotic diseases. This review reports an overview of the hemostatic process and thrombotic disorders together with data on plants, more and less common from around the world, containing bioactive compounds characterized by antiplatelet and anticoagulant activity. The reported literature was obtained from Medline, PubMed, Elsevier, Web of Science, Google Scholar considering only articles in the English language, published in peer-reviewed journals. The number of citations of the articles and the impact factor of the journals were other parameters used to select the scientific papers to be included in the review. The analysis of the literature data selected demonstrates that many plants’ bioactive compounds show antiplatelet and anticoagulant activity that make them potential candidates to be used as new natural compounds able to interfere with both primary and secondary hemostasis. Moreover, they could be used together with anticoagulants currently administered in clinical practice to increase their efficacy and to reduce complications in the treatment of thrombotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Lamponi
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy and SienabioACTIVE, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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12
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Danciu C, Cioanca O, Watz Farcaș C, Hancianu M, Racoviceanu R, Muntean D, Zupko I, Oprean C, Tatu C, Paunescu V, Proks M, Diaconeasa Z, Soica C, Pinzaru I, Dehelean C. Botanical Therapeutics (Part II): Antimicrobial and In Vitro Anticancer Activity against MCF7 Human Breast Cancer Cells of Chamomile, Parsley and Celery Alcoholic Extracts. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:187-200. [PMID: 33109067 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200807213734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed as a continuation of a complex investigation about the phytochemical composition and biological activity of chamomile, parsley, and celery extracts against A375 human melanoma and dendritic cells. OBJECTIVE The main aim was the evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of selected extracts as well as the in vitro anticancer activity against MCF7 human breast cancer cells. METHODS In order to complete the picture regarding the phytochemical composition, molecular fingerprint was sketched out by the help of FTIR spectroscopy. The activity of two enzymes (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) after incubation with the three extracts was spectrophotometrically assessed. The antimicrobial potential was evaluated by disk diffusion method. The in vitro anticancer potential against MCF7 human breast cancer cells was appraised by MTT, LDH, wound healing, cell cycle, DAPI, Annexin-V-PI assays. RESULTS The results showed variations between the investigated extracts in terms of inhibitory activity against enzymes, such as acetyl- and butyrilcholinesterase. Chamomile and parsley extracts were active only against tested Gram-positive cocci, while all tested extracts displayed antifungal effects. Among the screened samples at the highest tested concentration, namely 60μg/mL, parsley was the most active extract in terms of reducing the viability of MCF7 - human breast adenocarcinoma cell line and inducing the release of lactate dehydrogenase. On the other hand, chamomile and celery extracts manifested potent anti-migratory effects. Furthermore, celery extract was the most active in terms of total apoptotic events, while chamomile extract induced the highest necrosis rate. CONCLUSION The screened samples containing phytochemicals belonging in majority to the class of flavonoids and polyphenols can represent candidates for antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Danciu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T.Popa" Iasi, 700115, Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudia Watz Farcaș
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Hancianu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T.Popa" Iasi, 700115, Iasi, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia Muntean
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Istvan Zupko
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Camelia Oprean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Calin Tatu
- OncoGen Centre, County Hospital "Pius Branzeu", 300736, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Virgil Paunescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Proks
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Codruta Soica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes," University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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13
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Pulmonaria obscura and Pulmonaria officinalis Extracts as Mitigators of Peroxynitrite-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors-In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030631. [PMID: 33530389 PMCID: PMC7865227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Pulmonaria species (lungwort) are edible plants and traditional remedies for different disorders of the respiratory system. Our work covers a comparative study on biological actions in human blood plasma and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) -inhibitory properties of plant extracts (i.e., phenolic-rich fractions) originated from aerial parts of P. obscura Dumort. and P. officinalis L. Phytochemical profiling demonstrated the abundance of phenolic acids and their derivatives (over 80% of the isolated fractions). Danshensu conjugates with caffeic acid, i.e., rosmarinic, lithospermic, salvianolic, monardic, shimobashiric and yunnaneic acids were identified as predominant components. The examined extracts (1–100 µg/mL) partly prevented harmful effects of the peroxynitrite-induced oxidative stress in blood plasma (decreased oxidative damage to blood plasma components and improved its non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity). The cellular safety of the extracts was confirmed in experimental models of blood platelets and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. COX-2 inhibitor screening evidently suggested a stronger activity of P. officinalis (IC50 of 13.28 and 7.24 µg/mL, in reaction with synthetic chromogen and physiological substrate (arachidonic acid), respectively). In silico studies on interactions of main components of the Pulmonaria extracts with the COX-2 demonstrated the abilities of ten compounds to bind with the enzyme, including rosmarinic acid, menisdaurin, globoidnan A and salvianolic acid H.
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14
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Polyphenolic-Protein-Polysaccharide Complexes from Hovenia dulcis: Insights into Extraction Methods on Their Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Bioactivities. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040456. [PMID: 32276355 PMCID: PMC7230293 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven extraction methods, including hot water extraction (HWE), pressurized water extraction (PWE), ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction, high-speed shearing homogenization extraction, and ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction, were utilized to extract polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharide complexes (PPPs) from Hovenia dulcis. Next, their physicochemical properties and in vitro antioxidant activities, antiglycation effects, and inhibition activities on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were studied and compared. The findings from this study indicate that various extraction processes exhibit notable influences on the physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivities of PPPs. Extraction yields, contents of polyphenolics and flavonoids, apparent viscosities, molecular weights, molar ratios of monosaccharide compositions, and ratios of amino acid compositions in PPPs varied in different extraction methods. Furthermore, 13 phenolic compounds in PPPs, including rutin, myricitrin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, protocatechuic acid, gallocatechin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ampelopsin, quercetin-7,4'-diglucoside, dihydroquercetin, 5-methylmyricetin, and naringenin, were identified. The relatively strong in vitro antioxidant activities, antiglycation effects, and inhibition activities on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were determined in both PPP-W and PPP-P obtained by HWE and PWE, respectively. The high content of total polyphenolics may be one of the main contributors to their in vitro bioactivities. The findings have shown that the PWE method can be an appropriate method to prepare PPPs with strong bioactivities for application in the functional food industry.
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15
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Coelho MN, Soares PAG, Frattani FS, Camargo LMM, Tovar AMF, de Aguiar PF, Zingali RB, Mourão PAS, Costa SS. Polysaccharide composition of an anticoagulant fraction from the aqueous extract of Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Lamiaceae). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:668-681. [PMID: 31883887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant popularly used against envenomation by snakebite. Pharmacological studies have shown that extracts of M. chamaedrys have antiophidic, anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties, supporting the ethnopharmacological use. In this study, an aqueous extract of aerial parts of M. chamaedrys showed anticoagulant activity in the activated partial thromboplastin time assay (0.54 IU/mg). The bioassay-guided fractionation using ethanol precipitation and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-50 and Sephadex G-25 resulted in a water-soluble fraction with increased anticoagulant activity (Fraction F2-A; 2.94 IU/mg). A positive correlation was found between the amount of uronic acids and the anticoagulant potential of the active samples. Chemical and spectroscopic analyses indicated that F2-A contained homogalacturonan, type I rhamnogalacturonan, type II arabinogalactan and α-glucan. UV and FT-IR spectra indicated the possible presence of ferulic acid. Pectic polysaccharides and type II arabinogalactans may be contributing to the anticoagulant activity of the aqueous extract of M. chamaedrys in the APTT assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana N Coelho
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos (LPN-Bio), Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Paulo A G Soares
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
| | - Flávia S Frattani
- Laboratório de Hemostasia e Trombose (LHT), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Luiza M M Camargo
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos (LPN-Bio), Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Ana M F Tovar
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
| | - Paula F de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Quimiometria (LABQUIM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Centro de Tecnologia, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Russolina B Zingali
- Laboratório de Hemostase e Venenos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Paulo A S Mourão
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
| | - Sônia S Costa
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos (LPN-Bio), Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil.
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16
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Liu W, Li F, Wang P, Liu X, He JJ, Xian ML, Zhao L, Qin W, Gan RY, Wu DT. Effects of drying methods on the physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharide conjugates from Hovenia dulcis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 148:1211-1221. [PMID: 31758998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Four drying methods, including freeze drying, hot air drying, vacuum drying, microwave drying at 400, 600, and 800 W, were applied to dry the peduncles of Hovenia dulcis. Then the effects of different drying methods on physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharides conjugates extracted from H. dulcis (PPPs) were investigated and compared. Results showed that different drying methods affected the physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of PPPs. Noticeable variations in extraction yields, contents of total proteins, contents of total polyphenolics, contents of total flavonoids, contents of uronic acids, molecular weights, apparent viscosities, molar ratios of constituent monosaccharides, ratios of constituent amino acids, and degrees of esterification were observed in PPPs obtained by different drying methods. Besides, a total of 13 phenolic compounds in PPPs were identified by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. In addition, PPPs, especially PPP-M6 and PPP-V dried by microwave drying at 600 W and vacuum drying, respectively, exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities, antiglycation activities, and inhibitory activities on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Results suggested that the microwave drying and vacuum drying techniques could be appropriate drying methods before extraction of PPPs with high bioactivities for applications in the functional food and medicine industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Fen Li
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing-Jing He
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei-Lin Xian
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China.
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Cucho H, López Y, Caldeira C, Valverde A, Ordóñez C, Soler C. Comparison of three different staining methods for the morphometric characterization of Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) sperm, using ISAS® CASA-Morph system. NOVA BIOLOGICA REPERTA 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/nbr.6.3.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Dos Santos DS, Barreto RDSS, Serafini MR, Gouveia DN, Marques RS, Nascimento LDC, Nascimento JDC, Guimarães AG. Phytomedicines containing Matricaria species for the treatment of skin diseases: A biotechnological approach. Fitoterapia 2019; 138:104267. [PMID: 31319107 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Skin diseases have a notable impact on the life of the affected and in their health conditions. In order to allow a more effective and economical treatment for such disorders, new therapeutic approaches have been continuously investigated. Due to its high therapeutic and phytochemical potential, Matricaria species emerges as a pleasant alternative, since it is an important source of bioactive secondary metabolites suitable for the treatment of varied skin diseases. Therefore, this review aimed to catalog inventions that have used Matricaria species as the active component for skin disease treatment in order to assess the status of the technological development of the fitomedicines. For this, a search of patents was performed in four specialized patent database, which have reported the discovery of pharmaceutical bioproducts that used Matricaria species in its composition for skin treatment. Therefore, it is possible to notice that the pharmaceutical industry has driven efforts and investment to produce medicines for the dermatopathies, using species of this genus as an active principle. Besides, a trend of growth has been identified for the last years, which is accompanied by the continuous publication of scientific articles on the subject. It is known that a long journey is traversed between the scientific findings and their applications in the pharmaceutical market, creating the perspective that new Matricaria-based medicines may reach the pharmaceutical market in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damaris Silva Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Rosana de Souza Siqueira Barreto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil; Departmento de Educação em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Mairim Russo Serafini
- Departmento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Daniele Nascimento Gouveia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Raquel Souza Marques
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriana Gibara Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil; Departmento de Educação em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Summarize of the reports on antioxidants especially from herbal sources which battle oxidative stress might be proficient to forestall and repair the free radical-prompted vascular damages in overseeing of atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS Atherosclerosis is the one of the fundamental reason for hypertension, stroke, myocardial localized necrosis, and numerous other cardiovascular illnesses. Atherosclerosis associated path physiological factors like hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking actuates oxidative stress which are characterized by excessive oxidation and improper exclusion. The herbal plant-based antioxidant agents are effective towards the management/treatment of atherosclerosis by different ways like, by diminishing the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, diminishing the cell proliferation, restraining the foam cell arrangement, and advancing the reverse cholesterol transport, down regulation of pro-atherogenic genes, and inflammatory mediators. This review is a critical analysis about the role of oxidative stress in atherogenesis and furthermore outlines the ongoing study/examination done on the management of atherosclerosis by utilizing herbal antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Education, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial Area, Dist: Vaishali, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India.
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Garbuio DC, Zamarioli CM, de Melo MO, Campos PMBGM, de Carvalho EC, de Freitas LAP. Safety of a formulation containing chitosan microparticles with chamomile: blind controlled clinical trial. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2018; 26:e3075. [PMID: 30517572 PMCID: PMC6280169 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.2648.3075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the safety of a topical formulation containing chamomile microparticles coated with chitosan in the skin of healthy participants. METHOD phase I blind, controlled, non-randomized, single-dose clinical trial with control for skin, base formulation, and formulation with microparticles. The variables analyzed were irritation and hydration by the Wilcoxon and Kruskall-Wallis tests. RESULTS the study started with 35 participants with a mean age of 26.3 years. Of these, 30 (85.71%) were female, 29 (82.90%) were white skinned and 32 (91.40%) had no previous pathologies. One participant was removed from the study reporting erythema at the site of application, and four other participants for not attending the last evaluation. In the 30 participants who completed the study, the tested formulation did not cause erythema, peeling, burning, pruritus or pain; there was an improvement in cutaneous hydration in the site of application of the formulation with microparticles. In the evaluation of the barrier function, there was an increase in transepidermal water loss in all sites. CONCLUSION the formulation with chamomile microparticles is safe for topical use, not causing irritation and improving skin hydration over four weeks of use. Its effects on barrier function need further investigation. No. RBR-3h78kz in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Mara Zamarioli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto,
PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP,
Brazil
| | - Maísa Oliveira de Melo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de
Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Emília Campos de Carvalho
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto,
PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP,
Brazil
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Memariani Z, Moeini R, Hamedi SS, Gorji N, Mozaffarpur SA. Medicinal plants with antithrombotic property in Persian medicine: a mechanistic review. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2018; 45:158-179. [PMID: 29124622 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-017-1580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thrombosis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in a wide range of vessels diseases. Due to the high prevalence of thromboembolic disorders investigations are being carried out on new antithrombotic agents with limited adverse side effects in which herbal medicines are considered as alternative remedies. Persian medicine (PM) as a traditional medicine has a good potential for pharmacotherapy based on its own principles and development of drugs via investigating PM literature. In PM manuscripts there are some concepts that express the management of blood clots and antithrombotic properties. This study reviewed the pharmacological effects of medicinal plants mentioned in PM literature for blood clot management in light of current knowledge. Plants mentioned in PM for management of blood clot belong to 12 families in which Apiaceae, Lamiaceae and Compositae were the most repeated ones. Among the proposed plants Allium sativum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Boswellia serrata, Sesamum indicum, Matricaria chamomilla and Carthamus tinctorius have been the most researched plants in modern antithrombotic studies while for some plants such as Helichrysum stoechas, Dracocephalum kotschi, Carum carvi, Bunium persicum and Lagoecia cuminoides no evidence could be found. One of the interesting notes in clot management in PM texts was introducing the target organ for some of the recommended herbs like Carum carvi and Bunium persicum for dissolving blood clot in stomach and Commiphora mukul for thrombosed hemorrhoid. It seems review of PM recommendations can help to design future researches for antithrombotic drugs discovering with more effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Memariani
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran.,School of Traditional Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reihaneh Moeini
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran.,School of Traditional Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shokooh Sadat Hamedi
- School of Traditional Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Narjes Gorji
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran. .,School of Traditional Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Seyyed Ali Mozaffarpur
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran.,School of Traditional Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Leite PM, de Freitas AA, Mourão ADOM, Martins MAP, Castilho RO. Warfarin Safety: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Factors Associated with the Consumption of Medicinal Plants in a Brazilian Anticoagulation Clinic. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2018; 18:231-243. [PMID: 29476459 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-018-0268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze factors associated with the consumption of medicinal plants by patients being treated with warfarin in a Brazilian anticoagulation clinic and to study the safety of medicinal plant use in patients on warfarin therapy. METHODS The study was performed as an observational cross-sectional analysis. Study participants were outpatients on long-term warfarin therapy for at least 2 months for atrial fibrillation or prosthetic cardiac valves. Interviews were carried out concerning information about the habits of medicinal herb consumption, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the consumption of herbs. The scientific names of the medicinal plants were identified to search for information on the effects on the hemostasis of the interactions between the medicinal herbs reported and warfarin. RESULTS The mean age of the 273 patients included was 60.8 years; 58.7% were women. Medicinal plants were used by 67% of the participants. No association between demographic and clinical data and the use of medicinal plants was identified. Patients reported a total of 64 different plants, primarily consumed in the form of tea. The plants were mainly used to treat respiratory tract and central nervous system disorders. About 40% of the plants cited have been reported to potentially interfere with the anticoagulation therapy, principally by potentiating the effects of warfarin, which could, increase the risk of bleeding. CONCLUSION The use of medicinal plants was highly common and widespread in patients receiving warfarin as an anticoagulation therapy. Univariate analysis of variables associated with the consumption of herbs showed no statistically significant difference in the consumption of medicinal plants for any of the sociodemographic and clinical data. The medicinal plants that were reportedly consumed by the patients could affect hemostasis. This study reinforces the need for further studies evaluating the habits of patients consuming medicinal plants and their clinical implications, and will help to design strategies to manage the risks associated with warfarin-herbal interactions.
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Bijak M, Szelenberger R, Dziedzic A, Saluk-Bijak J. Inhibitory Effect of Flavonolignans on the P2Y12 Pathway in Blood Platelets. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020374. [PMID: 29439388 PMCID: PMC6017715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is the major platelet agonist, which is important in the shape changes, stability, and growth of the thrombus. Platelet activation by ADP is associated with the G protein-coupled receptors P2Y1 and P2Y12. The pharmacologic blockade of the P2Y12 receptor significantly reduces the risk of peripheral artery disease, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and vascular death. Recent studies demonstrated the inhibition of ADP-induced blood platelet activation by three major compounds of the flavonolignans group: silybin, silychristin, and silydianin. For this reason, the aim of the current work was to verify the effects of silybin, silychristin, and silydianin on ADP-induced physiological platelets responses, as well as mechanisms of P2Y12-dependent intracellular signal transduction. We evaluated the effect of tested flavonolignans on ADP-induced blood platelets’ aggregation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (using light transmission aggregometry), adhesion to fibrinogen (using the static method), and the secretion of PF-4 (using the ELISA method). Additionally, using the double labeled flow cytometry method, we estimated platelet vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation. We demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction of blood platelets’ ability to perform ADP-induced aggregation, adhere to fibrinogen, and secrete PF-4 in samples treated with flavonolignans. Additionally, we observed that all of the tested flavonolignans were able to increase VASP phosphorylation in blood platelets samples, which is correlated with P2Y12 receptor inhibition. All of these analyses show that silychristin and silybin have the strongest inhibitory effect on blood platelet activation by ADP, while silydianin also inhibits the ADP pathway, but to a lesser extent. The results obtained in this study clearly demonstrate that silybin, silychristin, and silydianin have inhibitory properties against the P2Y12 receptor and block ADP-induced blood platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Rafal Szelenberger
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Angela Dziedzic
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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Liu J, Bai R, Liu Y, Zhang X, Kan J, Jin C. Isolation, structural characterization and bioactivities of naturally occurring polysaccharide–polyphenolic conjugates from medicinal plants—A reivew. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:2242-2250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Bijak M, Synowiec E, Sitarek P, Sliwiński T, Saluk-Bijak J. Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Flavonolignans in Different Cellular Models. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1356. [PMID: 29240674 PMCID: PMC5748806 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonolignans are the main components of silymarin, which represents 1.5-3% of the dry fruit weight of Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaernt.). In ancient Greece and Romania, physicians and herbalists used the Silybum marianum to treat a range of liver diseases. Besides their hepatoprotective action, silymarin flavonolignans have many other healthy properties, such as anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effect of flavonolignans on blood platelets, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and human lung cancer cell line-A549-using different molecular techniques. We established that three major flavonolignans: silybin, silychristin and silydianin, in concentrations of up to 100 µM, have neither a cytotoxic nor genotoxic effect on blood platelets, PMBCs and A549. We also saw that silybin and silychristin have a protective effect on cellular mitochondria, observed as a reduction of spontaneous mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in A549, measured as mtDNA copies, and mtDNA lesions in ND1 and ND5 genes. Additionally, we observed that flavonolignans increase the blood platelets' mitochondrial membrane potential and reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species in blood platelets. Our current findings show for the first time that the three major flavonolignans, silybin, silychristin and silydianin, do not have any cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in various cellular models, and that they actually protect cellular mitochondria. This proves that the antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory effect of these compounds is part of our molecular health mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Synowiec
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Przemyslaw Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Sliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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Kolodziejczyk-Czepas J, Krzyżanowska-Kowalczyk J, Sieradzka M, Nowak P, Stochmal A. Clovamide and clovamide-rich extracts of three Trifolium species as antioxidants and moderate antiplatelet agents in vitro. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 143:54-63. [PMID: 28777978 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This in vitro study provides a new insight into the phytochemical, antioxidant, antiplatelet and cytotoxic profiles of commercial trans-clovamide and clovamide-rich extracts, isolated from aerial parts of three Trifolium species (i.e. T. clypeatum L., T. obscurum Savi and T. squarrosum L.). Under inorganic experimental conditions, the EC50 for the investigated substances varied between 4.87 (clovamide) and 7.91 μg/ml (T. clypeatum) according to the DPPH• assay. The most effective 1 mM ONOO- scavenger was clovamide (IC50 = 19.29 μg/ml), and the weakest was the T. obsucurum extract (IC50 = 41.79 μg/ml). The antioxidant action of the examined substances (1-50 μg/ml) was also evaluated in blood plasma (under 100 μM ONOO--induced oxidative stress) using 3-nitrotyrosine, protein thiol groups, lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances as biomarkers. All examined substances were more effective in limiting the oxidative damage to blood plasma components than the nitrative damage. Their anti-nitrative action was statistically significant only at the highest concentration (50 μg/ml). Measurements of platelet adhesion and aggregation found the compounds to have moderate antiplatelet properties of up to 20% inhibition of platelet adhesion at concentrations of 1-5 μg/ml. Additionally, clovamide and Trifolium extracts demonstrated no cytotoxicity towards blood platelets or peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Justyna Krzyżanowska-Kowalczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Sieradzka
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Pawel Nowak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Stochmal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
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Bijak M, Dziedzic A, Saluk-Bijak J. Flavonolignans reduce the response of blood platelet to collagen. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 106:878-884. [PMID: 28842200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The primary biological function of platelets is to form hemostatic thrombi that prevent blood loss and maintain vascular integrity. These multi-responding cells are activated by different endogenous, physiological agonists due to the vast number of receptors present on the surface of the platelets. Collagen represents up to 40% of the total protein presented in the vessel wall and is the major activator of the platelets' response after tissue injury, and is the only matrix protein which supports both platelet adhesion and complete activation. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of three major flavonolignans (silybin, silychristin and silydianin) on collagen-induced blood platelets' activation, adhesion, aggregation and secretion of PF-4. We observed that depending on the dose, silychristin and silybin have anti-platelet properties observed as inhibition of collagen-induced activation (formation of blood platelet aggregates and microparticles, as well as decreased expression of P-selectin and activation of integrin αIIbβ3), aggregation, adhesion and secretion of PF-4. These effects highlight the potential of silybin and silychristin as supplementation to prevent primary and secondary thrombotic events wherein excessive blood platelet response to a physiological agonist is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Angela Dziedzic
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Sharma A, Flores-Vallejo RDC, Cardoso-Taketa A, Villarreal ML. Antibacterial activities of medicinal plants used in Mexican traditional medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 208:264-329. [PMID: 27155134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE We provide an extensive summary of the in vitro antibacterial properties of medicinal plants popularly used in Mexico to treat infections, and we discuss the ethnomedical information that has been published for these species. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a bibliographic investigation by analyzing local and international peer-reviewed papers selected by consulting internationally accepted scientific databases from 1995 to 2014. We provide specific information about the evaluated plant parts, the type of extracts, the tested bacterial strains, and the inhibitory concentrations for each one of the species. We recorded the ethnomedical information for the active species, as well as their popular names and local distribution. Information about the plant compounds that has been identified is included in the manuscript. This review also incorporates an extensive summary of the available toxicological reports on the recorded species, as well as the worldwide registries of plant patents used for treating bacterial infections. In addition, we provide a list with the top plant species with antibacterial activities in this review RESULTS: We documented the in vitro antibacterial activities of 343 plant species pertaining to 92 botanical families against 72 bacterial species, focusing particularly on Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The plant families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae and Euphorbiaceae included the largest number of active species. Information related to popular uses reveals that the majority of the plants, in addition to treating infections, are used to treat other conditions. The distribution of Mexican plants extended from those that were reported to grow in just one state to those that grow in all 32 Mexican states. From 75 plant species, 225 compounds were identified. Out of the total plant species, only 140 (40.57%) had at least one report about their toxic effects. From 1994 to July 2014 a total of 11,836 worldwide antibacterial patents prepared from different sources were recorded; only 36 antibacterial patents from plants were registered over the same time period. We offered some insights on the most important findings regarding the antibacterial effects, current state of the art, and research perspectives of top plant species with antibacterial activities in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Studies of the antibacterial in vitro activity of medicinal plants popularly used in Mexico to treat infections indicate that both the selection of plant material and the investigation methodologies vary. Standardized experimental procedures as well as in vivo pharmacokinetic studies to document the effectiveness of plant extracts and compounds are necessary. This review presents extensive information about the medicinal plants possessing antibacterial activity that has been scientifically studied and are popularly used in Mexico. We anticipate that this review will be of use for future studies because it constitutes a valuable information tool for selecting the most significant plants and their potential antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Sharma
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Biotecnología y Agronomía (ESIABA), Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Querétaro, México
| | - Rosario Del Carmen Flores-Vallejo
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca Morelos 62209, México
| | - Alexandre Cardoso-Taketa
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca Morelos 62209, México
| | - María Luisa Villarreal
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca Morelos 62209, México
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Bijak M, Saluk-Bijak J. Flavonolignans inhibit the arachidonic acid pathway in blood platelets. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:396. [PMID: 28797264 PMCID: PMC5553656 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1897-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arachidonic acid metabolism by cyclooxygenase (COX) is a major pathway for blood platelets' activation, which is associated with pro-thrombotic platelet activity and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Inhibition of COX activity is one of the major means of anti-platelet pharmacotherapy preventing arterial thrombosis and reducing the incidence of cardiovascular events. Recent studies have presented that a silymarin (standardized extract of Milk thistle (Silybum marianum)) can inhibit the COX pathway. Accordingly, the aim of our study was to determine the effects of three major flavonolignans (silybin, silychristin and silydianin) on COX pathway activity in blood platelets. METHODS We determined the effect of flavonolignans on arachidonic acid induced blood platelet aggregation, COX pathway metabolites formation, as well as COX activity in platelets. Additionally, we analysed the potential mechanism of this interaction using the bioinformatic ligand docking method. RESULTS We observed that tested compounds decrease the platelet aggregation level, both thromboxane A2 and malondialdehyde formation, as well as inhibit the COX activity. The strongest effect was observed for silychristin and silybin. In our in silico study we showed that silychristin and silybin have conformations which interact with the active COX site as competitive inhibitors, blocking the possibility of substrate binding. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained from this study clearly present the potential of flavonolignans as novel antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Georgiev YN, Paulsen BS, Kiyohara H, Ciz M, Ognyanov MH, Vasicek O, Rise F, Denev PN, Lojek A, Batsalova TG, Dzhambazov BM, Yamada H, Lund R, Barsett H, Krastanov AI, Yanakieva IZ, Kratchanova MG. Tilia tomentosa pectins exhibit dual mode of action on phagocytes as β-glucuronic acid monomers are abundant in their rhamnogalacturonans I. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 175:178-191. [PMID: 28917854 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Silver linden flowers contain different pectins (PSI-PSIII) with immunomodulating properties. PSI is a low-esterified pectic polysaccharide with predominant homogalacturonan region, followed by rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI) with arabinogalactan II and RGII (traces) domains. PSII and PSIII are unusual glucuronidated RGI polymers. PSIII is a unique high molecular weight RGI, having almost completely O-3 glucuronidated GalA units with >30% O-3 acetylation at the Rha units. Linden pectins induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO generation from non-stimulated whole blood phagocytes and macrophages, resp., but suppressed OZP-(opsonized zymosan particles)-activated ROS generation, LPS-induced iNOS expression and NO production. This dual mode of action suggests their anti-inflammatory activity, which is known for silver linden extracts. PSI expressed the highest complement fixation and macrophage-stimulating activities and was active on intestinal Peyer's patch cells. PSIII was active on non-stimulated neutrophils, as it induced ß2-integrin expression, revealing that acetylated and highly glucuronidated RGI exhibits immunomodulating properties via phagocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan N Georgiev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Innovative-Technological Center Ltd., 20 Dr. G. M. Dimitrov Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Berit S Paulsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hiroaki Kiyohara
- Department of Drug Discovery Science, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, JP-108-8641, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Milan Ciz
- Department of Free Radical Pathophysiology, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 135 Kralovopolska, CZ-612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Manol H Ognyanov
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Innovative-Technological Center Ltd., 20 Dr. G. M. Dimitrov Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ondrej Vasicek
- Department of Free Radical Pathophysiology, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 135 Kralovopolska, CZ-612 65, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center - Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, 53 Pekarska, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frode Rise
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Petko N Denev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Innovative-Technological Center Ltd., 20 Dr. G. M. Dimitrov Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Antonin Lojek
- Department of Free Radical Pathophysiology, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 135 Kralovopolska, CZ-612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tsvetelina G Batsalova
- Department of Developmental Biology, Plovdiv University Paisii Hilendarski, 24 Tsar Assen Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Balik M Dzhambazov
- Department of Developmental Biology, Plovdiv University Paisii Hilendarski, 24 Tsar Assen Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Haruki Yamada
- Department of Drug Discovery Science, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, JP-108-8641, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reidar Lund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Barsett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Albert I Krastanov
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd., BG-4002, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Irina Z Yanakieva
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Innovative-Technological Center Ltd., 20 Dr. G. M. Dimitrov Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria G Kratchanova
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Innovative-Technological Center Ltd., 20 Dr. G. M. Dimitrov Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
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Li W, Yang X, Peng M, Li C, Mu G, Chen F. Inhibitory effects of ethyl pyruvate on platelet aggregation and phosphatidylserine exposure. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:560-566. [PMID: 28427942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl pyruvate (EP) is a stable lipophilic pyruvate derivative. Studies demonstrated that EP shows potent anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulant effects. Inflammation and coagulation are closely interacted with platelet activation. However, it is unclear whether EP has anti-platelet effects. Therefore, we investigated the anti-platelet effect of EP in this study in vitro. We found that EP inhibited agonists induced platelets aggregation, ATP release and adhesion to collagen. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that EP inhibited agonist induced platelets PAC-1 binding, as well as P-selectin and CD40L expression. The underlying mechanism of action may involve the inhibition of platelet PI3K/Akt and Protein Kinase C (PKC) signaling pathways. Additionally, EP dose dependently inhibited platelet PS exposure induced by high concentration thrombin. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay and mice platelet count implied that EP may have no toxic effect on platelets. Therefore, we are the first to report that EP has potent anti-platelet activity and attenuates platelet PS exposure in vitro, suggesting that the inhibitory effects of EP on platelets may also play important roles in improvement of inflammation and coagulation disorder in related animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Li
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Minyuan Peng
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Can Li
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Guangfu Mu
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Fangping Chen
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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Gaworski M, Jabłoński S, Pawlaczyk-Graja I, Ziewiecki R, Rutkowski P, Wieczyńska A, Gancarz R, Łukaszewicz M. Enhancing biogas plant production using pig manure and corn silage by adding wheat straw processed with liquid hot water and steam explosion. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:259. [PMID: 29151888 PMCID: PMC5679381 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pig manure utilization and valorization is an important topic with tightening regulations focused on ecological and safety issues. By itself pig manure is a poor substrate for biogas production because of its excessive nitrogen content relative to available organic carbon. Such substrate is alkaline, and methanogenesis can be suppressed, and so additional substrates with high organic carbon must be added. The most promising is straw, which is available from adjacent biogas plant cultures. However, the abundant lignocellulosic biomass of wheat straw undergoes slow decomposition, and only a fraction of the chemical energy can be converted into biogas; thus economical methods for pretreatment increasing bioavailability are sought. RESULTS A method was investigated to increase the methane yield in a full-scale plant for co-fermenting pig manure with corn silage, which was the default substrate in the original source reactors. Increased lignocellulosic bioavailability of wheat straw was achieved by combining liquid hot water (LHW) and steam explosion (SE). According to FT-IR analysis, the treatment resulted in hemicellulose hydrolysis, partial cellulose depolymerization, and lignin bond destruction. Low-mass polysaccharides (0.6 × 103 g mol-1) had significantly higher concentration in the leachate of LHW-SE wheat straw than raw wheat straw. The methanogenic potential was evaluated using inoculum from two different biogas plants to study the influence of microorganism consortia. The yield was 24-34% higher after the pretreatment process. In a full-scale biogas plant, the optimal conditions were ~ 165 °C, ~ 2.33 MPa, and 10 min in LHW and ~ 65 °C and ~ 0.1 MPa for SE. The processes did not generate detectable inhibitors according to GC-MS analysis, such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. CONCLUSIONS The LHW-SE combined pretreatment process increases the bioavailability of carbohydrates from wheat straw. The LHW-SE treated wheat straw gave similar biogas yields to corn silage, thus enables at least partial replacement of corn silage and is good for diversification of substrates. Surprisingly, microorganisms consortia from other biogas plant fed with other substrates may have higher efficiency in utilization of tested substrate. Thus, methanogenic consortia may be considered in the process of optimization at industrial scale. The efficiency was calculated, and the LHW-SE may be profitable at full industrial scale and further optimization is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Gaworski
- Department of Biotransformation, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Fryderyka Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sławomir Jabłoński
- Department of Biotransformation, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Fryderyka Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Pawlaczyk-Graja
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Ziewiecki
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Rutkowski
- Department of Polymer and Carbonaceous Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Gdańska 7/9, 50-344 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Wieczyńska
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roman Gancarz
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Łukaszewicz
- Department of Biotransformation, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Fryderyka Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Flavonolignans inhibit ADP induced blood platelets activation and aggregation in whole blood. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 95:682-688. [PMID: 27923566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Flavonolignans are a group of active chemical compounds presented in the silymarin - a standardized extract obtained from fruits and seeds of Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaernt.). Since the 70s of the last century, flavonolignans have been regarded to the official medicine as a substances having hepatoprotective properties. However many researches performed in recent years have demonstrated that flavonolignans posses many other healthy properties including modulation of variety cell-signaling pathways. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of three major flavonolignans (silybin, silychristin and silydianin) on ADP-induced blood platelet activation using the flow cytometry analysis as well as determine the mechanism of this interaction by bioinformatic ligand docking method. We observed that all tested flavonolignans in dose-dependent manner inhibit formation of blood platelet aggregates and microparticles as well as decrease expression of P-selectin and activation of integrin αIIbβ3. Our computer-generated models confirm the flow cytometry analysis. We observed that all tested flavonolignans have conformations which are able to bind to the extracellular domain of P2Y12 receptor and probably block interaction with ADP. Our studies may help in the development of a new potential anti-platelet agent, which might be an alternative to the current using drugs.
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Kolodziejczyk-Czepas J, Nowak P, Wachowicz B, Piechocka J, Głowacki R, Moniuszko-Szajwaj B, Stochmal A. Antioxidant efficacy of Kalanchoe daigremontiana bufadienolide-rich fraction in blood plasma in vitro. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:3182-3188. [PMID: 27488985 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1214740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The main source of bufadienolides is toad venom; however, plants such as members of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae) genus may also synthesize these bioactive substances. OBJECTIVE This is the first study on antioxidant effects and cytotoxicity of bufadienolide-rich fraction isolated from Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raym.-Hamet & H. Perrier. MATERIALS AND METHODS The methanolic fraction was extracted from the plant roots and contained 0.48 mg bufadienolides/mg of dry mass (11α,19-dihydroksytelocinobufagin, bersaldegenin-1-acetate, bersaldegenin-1,3,5-orthoacetate, 19-(acetyloxy)-3β,5β,11α,14-tetrahydroxyl-12-oxo-bufa-20,22-dienolide and 19-(acetyloxy)-1β,3β,5β,14-tetrahydroxyl-bufa-20,22-dienolide, mainly). The cytotoxicity of K. daigremontiana fraction was evaluated in an in vitro experimental model of blood platelets. The viability of blood platelets was determined on the basis of a release of lactate dehydrogenase. RESULTS The fraction scavenged DPPH• radicals, with EC50 of 21.80 μg/mL. Studies on an experimental model of blood plasma under peroxynitrite-induced oxidative stress revealed that the plant preparation had moderate antioxidant properties. Levels of 3-nitrotyrosine and thiol groups indicated that the protective effect of K. daigremontiana was significant mainly for its concentration of 50 μg/mL. No effect was found in prevention of oxidation of low-molecular plasma thiols (glutathione, cysteine and cysteinylglycine). Simultaneously, measurements of lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) indicated that the examined fraction might be effective antioxidant at broader concentration range, that is 1-5 and 25-50 μg/mL for hydroperoxides and TBARS generation, respectively. No cytotoxicity was observed at the concentration range of 1-50 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Based on the obtained results, we suggest that antioxidant activity may additionally contribute to beneficial properties of K. daigremontiana-derived extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas
- a Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | - Pawel Nowak
- a Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | - Barbara Wachowicz
- a Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | - Justyna Piechocka
- b Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | - Rafał Głowacki
- b Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | - Barbara Moniuszko-Szajwaj
- c Department of Biochemistry , Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute , Pulawy , Poland
| | - Anna Stochmal
- c Department of Biochemistry , Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute , Pulawy , Poland
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Kolodziejczyk-Czepas J, Bijak M, Saluk J, Ponczek MB, Zbikowska HM, Nowak P, Tsirigotis-Maniecka M, Pawlaczyk I. Radical scavenging and antioxidant effects of Matricaria chamomilla polyphenolic-polysaccharide conjugates. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 72:1152-8. [PMID: 25285848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Matricaria chamomilla L. (MC), a member of the Asteraceae family, is one of the oldest medicinal plants, widely used worldwide for a variety of healing applications. Its recommendations, derived from both traditional and modern medicine, include numerous disorders such as inflammation, ulcers, wounds, gastrointestinal disorders, stomach ache, pharyngitis, rheumatic pain, as well as the other ailments. This work is focused on another aspect of the biological activity of chamomile polyphenolic-polysaccharide conjugates--their antioxidant properties in the protection of blood plasma components against in vitro oxidative stress. Measurements of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging indicated considerable anti-free radical action of MC. Pre-incubation of blood plasma with MC considerably diminished the extent of ONOO(-)-induced oxidative modifications such as protein carbonyl groups, SH groups, 3-nitrotyrosine, as well as the formation of lipid hydroperoxides. The analysis of the FRAP assay result shows a considerable increase of ferric reducing ability of blood plasma in the presence of MC. The results obtained in this study indicate that polyphenolic-polysaccharide conjugates isolated from M. chamomilla substances possess antioxidant properties. The M. chamomilla macromolecular glycoconjugates may be useful in the creation of new natural-based medications or dietary supplements, helpful in the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, H. M. Kamieńskiego 73a, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Michal Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, H. M. Kamieńskiego 73a, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Saluk
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, H. M. Kamieńskiego 73a, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Medical Analytics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michal B Ponczek
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, H. M. Kamieńskiego 73a, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Halina M Zbikowska
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, H. M. Kamieńskiego 73a, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Pawel Nowak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, H. M. Kamieńskiego 73a, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Tsirigotis-Maniecka
- Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, H. M. Kamieńskiego 73a, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; Division of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 29, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Pawlaczyk
- Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, H. M. Kamieńskiego 73a, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; Division of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 29, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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