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Haider S, Ullah S, Kazi M, Qamar F, Siddique T, Anwer R, Khan SA, Salman S. Ion-Exchange Resin/Carrageenan-Copper-Based Nanocomposite: Artificial Neural Network, Advanced Thermodynamic Profiling, and Anticoagulant Studies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23873-23891. [PMID: 38854529 PMCID: PMC11154903 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Carrageenan (CG) and ion exchange resins (IERs) are better metal chelators. Kappa (κ) CG and IERs were synthesized and subjected to copper ion (Cu2+) adsorption to obtain DMSCH/κ-Cu, DC20H/κ-Cu, and IRP69H/κ-Cu nanocomposites (NCs). The NCs were studied using statistical physics formalism (SPF) at 315-375 K and a multilayer perceptron with five input nodes. The percentage of Cu2+ uptake efficiency was used as an outcome variable. Via the grand canonical ensemble, SPF gives models for both monolayer and multilayer sorption layers. For in vitro anticoagulant activity (ACA), the activated partial thromboplastin time were calculated using 100 μL of rabbit plasma incubated at 37 °C. After 2 min, 100 L of 0.025 M CaCl2 was added, and the clotting time was recorded for each group (n = 6). The results demonstrated that the key covariables for the adsorption process were pH and concentration. The results of artificial neural network models were comparable with the experimental findings. The error rates varied between 4.3 and 1.0%. The prediction analysis results ranged from 43.6 to 89.2. The ΔG and ΔS values for IRP69H/κ-Cu obtained were -18.91 and -16.32 and 26.21 and 22.74 kJ/mol for the temperatures 315 and 345 K, respectively. Adsorbate species were perpendicular to the adsorbent surfaces, notwithstanding the apparent importance of macro- and micropore volumes. These adsorbents typically fluctuate with temperature changes and contain one or more layers of sorption. Negative and positive sorption energies correspond to endothermic and exothermic processes. The biosorption energy (E1 and E2) values in this experiment have a value of less than 23 kJ mol-1. Complex SPF models' energy distributions validate surface properties and interactions with adsorbates. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, DC20H/κ-Cu2+ exhibited an ACA of only 8 s. These NCs demonstrated better greater ACA with the order DC20H/κ < DMSCH/κ < IRP69H/κ. More research is needed to rule out the chemical processes behind the ACA of CG/IER-Cu NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Haider
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouzia Qamar
- Department
of Biology, Lahore Garrison University, Main Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Siddique
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Ibadat International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Rubia Anwer
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Ibadat International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad Khan
- Sharjah
Institute of Medical Research, Dubai 500001, United Arab Emirates
- Department
of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science
and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Saad Salman
- Department
of Pharmacy, CECOS University of IT and
Emerging Sciences, Hayatabad,
Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25000, Pakistan
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Fu Y, Jiao H, Sun J, Okoye CO, Zhang H, Li Y, Lu X, Wang Q, Liu J. Structure-activity relationships of bioactive polysaccharides extracted from macroalgae towards biomedical application: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121533. [PMID: 37985107 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae are valuable and structurally diverse sources of bioactive compounds among marine resources. The cell walls of macroalgae are rich in polysaccharides which exhibit a wide range of biological activities, such as anticoagulant, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antitumor activities. Macroalgae polysaccharides (MPs) have been recognized as one of the most promising candidates in the biomedical field. However, the structure-activity relationships of bioactive polysaccharides extracted from macroalgae are complex and influenced by various factors. A clear understanding of these relationships is indeed critical in developing effective biomedical applications with MPs. In line with these challenges and knowledge gaps, this paper summarized the structural characteristics of marine MPs from different sources and relevant functional and bioactive properties and particularly highlighted those essential effects of the structure-bioactivity relationships presented in biomedical applications. This review not only focused on elucidating a particular action mechanism of MPs, but also intended to identify a novel or potential application of these valued compounds in the biomedical field in terms of their structural characteristics. In the last, the challenges and prospects of MPs in structure-bioactivity elucidation were further discussed and predicted, where they were emphasized on exploring modern biotechnology approaches potentially applied to expand their promising biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyi Fu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Water, Energy, Environment and Agrifood, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Haixin Jiao
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Charles Obinwanne Okoye
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Li
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xuechu Lu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Ma N, Palanisamy S, Yelithao K, Talapphet N, Zhang Y, Dae-Hee L, Shin IS, Lee DJ, You S. Structural properties and immune-enhancing activities of galactan isolated from red seaweed Grateloupia filicina. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:889-906. [PMID: 37571867 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide (GFP) was isolated from Grateloupia filicina and fractionated using a DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow column to evaluate immunostimulatory activity. Carbohydrates (62.0%-68.4%) and sulfates (29.3%-34.3%) were the major components of GFP and its fractions (GFP-1 and GFP-2), with relatively lower levels of proteins (4.5%-15.4%) and uronic acid (1.4%-3.9%). The average molecular weight (Mw ) for GFP and its fractions was calculated between 98.2%-243.7 kDa. The polysaccharides were composed of galactose (62.1%-87.2%), glucose (4.5%-33.2%), xylose (3.1%-5.3%), mannose (1.4%-2.2%), rhamnose (1.2%-2.0%), and arabinose (0.9%-1.7%) units connected through →3)-Galp-(1→, →4)-Galp-(1→, →2)-Galp-(1→, →6)-Galp-(1→, →3,4)-Galp -(1→, →3,6)-Galp-(1→, →4,6)-Galp-(1→, →3,4,6)-Galp-(1→, →2,3)-Galp-(1→, →2,4)-Galp-(1→, →4)-Glcp-(1→, →6)-Glcp-(1→ and →4,6)-Glcp-(1→residues. The isolated polysaccharides effectively induced RAW264.7 murine macrophages by releasing nitric oxide (NO) and various cytokines via nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Further, the expression of toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and TLR-4 in RAW264.7 cells indicated their activation through TLR-2 and TLR-4 binding receptors. Among the polysaccharides, GFP-1 highly stimulated the activation of RAW264.7 cells, which was mainly constituted of (→1) terminal-D-galactopyranosyl, (1→3)-linked-ᴅ-galactopyranosyl, (1→4)-linked-ᴅ-galactopyranosyl and (1→3,4) -linked-ᴅ-galactopyranosyl residues. These findings demonstrate that GFP-1 from G. filicina are effective at stimulating the immune system and this warrants further investigation to determine potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Subramanian Palanisamy
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Khamphone Yelithao
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Souphanouvong University, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Natchanok Talapphet
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Yutong Zhang
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Dae-Hee
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Shik Shin
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Lee
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
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Mettwally WS, Gamal AA, Shams El-Din NG, Hamdy AA. Biological activities and structural characterization of sulfated polysaccharide extracted from a newly Mediterranean Sea record Grateloupia gibbesii Harvey. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Figueroa FA, Abdala-Díaz RT, Pérez C, Casas-Arrojo V, Nesic A, Tapia C, Durán C, Valdes O, Parra C, Bravo-Arrepol G, Soto L, Becerra J, Cabrera-Barjas G. Sulfated Polysaccharide Extracted from the Green Algae Codium bernabei: Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidant, Anticoagulant and Antitumor Activity. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070458. [PMID: 35877751 PMCID: PMC9317217 DOI: 10.3390/md20070458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Codium bernabei is a green alga that grows on Chilean coasts. The composition of its structural polysaccharides is still unknown. Hence, the aim of this work is to isolate and characterize the hot water extracted polysaccharide fractions. For this purpose, the water extracts were further precipitated in alcohol (TPs) and acid media (APs), respectively. Both fractions were characterized using different physicochemical techniques such as GC-MS, GPC, FTIR, TGA, and SEM. It is confirmed that the extracted fractions are mainly made of sulfated galactan unit, with a degree of sulfation of 19.3% (TPs) and 17.4% (ATs) and a protein content of 3.5% in APs and 15.6% in TPs. Other neutral sugars such as xylose, glucose, galactose, fucose, mannose, and arabinose were found in a molar ratio (0.05:0.6:1.0:0.02:0.14:0.11) for TPs and (0.05:0.31:1.0:0.03:0.1:0.13) for ATs. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide samples was lower than 20 kDa. Both polysaccharides were thermally stable (Tonset > 190 °C) and showed antioxidant activity according to the ABTS•+ and DPPH tests, where TPs fractions had higher scavenging activity (35%) compared to the APs fractions. The PT and APTTS assays were used to measure the anticoagulant activity of the polysaccharide fractions. In general, the PT activity of the TPs and APs was not different from normal plasma values. The exception was the TPs treatment at 1000 µg mL−1 concentration. The APTTS test revealed that clotting time for both polysaccharides was prolonged regarding normal values at 1000 µg mL−1. Finally, the antitumor test in colorectal carcinoma (HTC-116) cell line, breast cancer (MCF-7) and human leukemia (HL-60) cell lines showed the cytotoxic effect of TPs and APs. Those results suggest the potential biotechnological application of sulfate galactan polysaccharides isolated from a Chilean marine resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian A. Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
| | - Roberto T. Abdala-Díaz
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
- Correspondence: (R.T.A.-D.); (G.C.-B.)
| | - Claudia Pérez
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
| | - Virginia Casas-Arrojo
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Aleksandra Nesic
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 12–14 Mike Petrovića Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Cecilia Tapia
- Laboratorio de Especialidad Clínica Dávila-OMESA, Recoleta 464, Recoleta, Santiago 8431657, Chile; (C.T.); (C.D.)
| | - Carla Durán
- Laboratorio de Especialidad Clínica Dávila-OMESA, Recoleta 464, Recoleta, Santiago 8431657, Chile; (C.T.); (C.D.)
| | - Oscar Valdes
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480005, Chile;
| | - Carolina Parra
- Laboratorio de Recursos Renovables, Centro de Biotecnología, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Gastón Bravo-Arrepol
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
| | - Luis Soto
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
| | - José Becerra
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
| | - Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia Para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Centro de Investigación de Polímeros Avanzados, Edificio Laboratorio (CIPA), Avda. Collao 1202, Concepción 4051381, Chile
- Correspondence: (R.T.A.-D.); (G.C.-B.)
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Biochemical and Anti-proliferative activities of seven abundant tropical red seaweeds confirm nutraceutical potential of Grateloupia indica. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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P Karagodin V, I Summerhill V, Yet SF, N Orekhov A. The anti-atherosclerotic effects of natural polysaccharides: from phenomena to the main mechanisms of action. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1823-1832. [PMID: 35585810 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220518095025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides (PSs) of plant origin have a variety of biological activities, anti-atherosclerotic including, but their use in atherosclerosis therapy is hindered by insufficient knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. In this review, the influence of several natural PSs on the function of macrophages, viral activity, and macrophage cholesterol metabolism has been discussed considering the tight interplay between these aspects in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The anti-atherosclerotic activities of natural PSs related to other mechanisms have been also explored. Directions for further research of anti-atherosclerotic effects of natural PSs have been outlined, the most promising of which can be nutrigenomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily P Karagodin
- Department of Commodity Research and Expertise, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Pereulok, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Volha I Summerhill
- Department of Basic Research, Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609 Moscow, Russia
| | - Shaw-Fang Yet
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Department of Basic Research, Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609 Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology, Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupa Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
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Li T, Ma H, Li H, Tang H, Huang J, Wei S, Yuan Q, Shi X, Gao C, Mi S, Zhao L, Zhong S, Liu Y. Physicochemical Properties and Anticoagulant Activity of Purified Heteropolysaccharides from Laminaria japonica. Molecules 2022; 27:3027. [PMID: 35566376 PMCID: PMC9102426 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminaria japonica is widely consumed as a key food and medicine. Polysaccharides are one of the most plentiful constituents of this marine plant. In this study, several polysaccharide fractions with different charge numbers were obtained. Their physicochemical properties and anticoagulant activities were determined by chemical and instrumental methods. The chemical analysis showed that Laminaria japonica polysaccharides (LJPs) and the purified fractions LJP0, LJP04, LJP06, and LJP08 mainly consisted of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactose, and fucose in different mole ratios. LJP04 and LJP06 also contained minor amounts of xylose. The polysaccharide fractions eluted by higher concentration of NaCl solutions showed higher contents of uronic acid and sulfate group. Biological activity assays showed that LJPs LJP06 and LJP08 could obviously prolong the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), indicating that they had strong anticoagulant activity. Furthermore, we found that LJP06 exerted this activity by inhibiting intrinsic factor Xase with higher selectivity than other fractions, which may have negligible bleeding risk. The sulfate group may play an important role in the anticoagulant activity. In addition, the carboxyl group and surface morphology of these fractions may affect their anticoagulant activities. The results provide information for applications of L. japonica polysaccharides, especially LJP06 as anticoagulants in functional foods and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Haiqiong Ma
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Hong Li
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Hao Tang
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Jinwen Huang
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Shiying Wei
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Qingxia Yuan
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Xiaohuo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China;
| | - Chenghai Gao
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Shunli Mi
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Longyan Zhao
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Shengping Zhong
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Yonghong Liu
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (T.L.); (H.M.); (H.L.); (H.T.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (S.M.)
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Dedhia N, Marathe SJ, Singhal RS. Food polysaccharides: A review on emerging microbial sources, bioactivities, nanoformulations and safety considerations. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 287:119355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Rodríguez Sánchez RA, Matulewicz MC, Ciancia M. NMR spectroscopy for structural elucidation of sulfated polysaccharides from red seaweeds. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 199:386-400. [PMID: 34973978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Some sulfated polysaccharides from red seaweeds are used as hydrocolloids. In addition, it is well known that there are sulfated galactans (carrageenans and agarans) and sulfated mannans, with remarkable biological properties, as antiviral, antitumoral, immunomodulating, antiangiogenic, antioxidant, anticoagulant, and antithrombotic activities, and so on. Knowledge of the detailed structure of the active compound is essential and difficult to acquire. The substitution patterns of the polymer chain, as degree of sulfation and position of sulfate groups, as well as other substituents of the backbone, determine their biological behavior. NMR spectroscopy is a powerful and versatile tool for structural determination. It can be used for elucidation of structures of polysaccharides from new algal sources with novel substitutions or to detect the already known structures from different algal sources, and it could even help to monitor the quality of the active compound on a productive scale. In this review, the available information about NMR spectroscopy of sulfated polysaccharides from red seaweeds is revised and rationalized, to help other researchers working in different fields to study their structures. In addition, considerations about the effects of different structural features, as well as some recording conditions on the chemical shifts of the signals are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Rodríguez Sánchez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos, Cátedra de Química de Biomoléculas, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigación de Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria - Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María C Matulewicz
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigación de Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria - Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marina Ciancia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos, Cátedra de Química de Biomoléculas, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigación de Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria - Pabellón 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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11
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Wang H, Li Y, Wang X, Li Y, Cui J, Jin DQ, Tuerhong M, Abudukeremu M, Xu J, Guo Y. Preparation and structural properties of selenium modified heteropolysaccharide from the fruits of Akebia quinata and in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118950. [PMID: 34973766 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease, and blocking tumor angiogenesis has become one of the most promising approaches in cancer therapy. Here, an exopoly heteropolysaccharide (AQP70-2B) was firstly isolated from Akebia quinata. Monosaccharide composition indicated that the AQP70-2B was composed of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose. The backbone of AQP70-2B consisted of →1)-l-Araf, →3)-l-Araf-(1→, →5)-l-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-l-Araf-(1→, →2,5)-l-Araf-(1→, →4)-d-Glcp-(1→, →6)-d-Galp-(1→, and →1)-d-Rhap residues. Based on the close relationship between selenium and anti-tumor activity, AQP70-2B was modified with selenium to obtain selenized polysaccharide Se-AQP70-2B. Then, a series of methods for analysis and characterization, especially scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), indicated that Se-AQP70-2B was successfully synthesized. Furthermore, zebrafish xenografts and anti-angiogenesis experiments indicated that selenization could improve the antitumor activity by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and migration and blocking angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Cui
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Qing Jin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhetaer Tuerhong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Munira Abudukeremu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Zhang H, Jiang F, Zhang J, Wang W, Li L, Yan J. Modulatory effects of polysaccharides from plants, marine algae and edible mushrooms on gut microbiota and related health benefits: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:169-192. [PMID: 35122806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring carbohydrate polymers containing non-starch polysaccharides (NPs) are a class of biomacromolecules isolated from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms, and their biological activities has shown potential uses in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Importantly, NPs serve as prebiotics to provide health benefits to the host through stimulating the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The composition and diversity of GM play a critical role in regulating host health and have been extensively studied in recent years. In this review, the extraction, isolation, purification, and structural characterization of NPs derived from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms are outlined. Importantly, the degradation and metabolism of these NPs in the intestinal tract, the effects of NPs on the microbial community and SCFAs generation, and the beneficial effects of NPs on host health by modulating GM are systematically highlighted. Overall, we hope that this review can provide some theoretical references and a new perspective for applications of NPs as prebiotics in functional food and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China.
| | - Fuchun Jiang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jingkun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Kang J, Jia X, Wang N, Xiao M, Song S, Wu S, Li Z, Wang S, Cui SW, Guo Q. Insights into the structure-bioactivity relationships of marine sulfated polysaccharides: A review. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Qiu SM, Aweya JJ, Liu X, Liu Y, Tang S, Zhang W, Cheong KL. Bioactive polysaccharides from red seaweed as potent food supplements: a systematic review of their extraction, purification, and biological activities. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118696. [PMID: 34742423 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Most marine macroalgae such as red seaweeds are potential alternative sources of useful bioactive compounds. Beside serving as food source, recent studies have shown that red seaweeds are rich sources of bioactive polysaccharides. Red seaweed polysaccharides (RSPs) have various physiological and biological activities, which allow them to be used as immunomodulators, anti-obesity agents, and prebiotic ingredients. Lack of summary information and human clinical trials on the various polysaccharides from red seaweeds, however limits industrial-scale utilization of RSPs in functional foods. This review summarizes recent information on the approaches used for RSPs extraction and purification, mechanistic investigations of their biological activities, and related molecular principles behind their purported ability to prevent diseases. The information here also provides a theoretical foundation for further research into the structure and mechanism of action of RSPs and their potential applications in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Min Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijie Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China..
| | - Wancong Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China..
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China..
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15
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Zhang H, Li H, Netala VR, Hou T, Zhang Z. Optimization of complex enzyme‐ultrasonic synergistic extraction of water‐soluble polysaccharides from
Perilla frutescens
seed meal: Purification, characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Huizhen Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Vasudeva Reddy Netala
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Tianyu Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan China
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16
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Sun Y, Zhang Z, Cheng L, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang R, Weng P, Wu Z. Polysaccharides confer benefits in immune regulation and multiple sclerosis by interacting with gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110675. [PMID: 34600677 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological and clinical studies have consistently demonstrated that polysaccharides exhibit great potential on immune regulation. Polysaccharides can interact directly or indirectly with the immune system, triggering cell-cell communication and molecular recognition, leading to immunostimulatory responses. Gut microbiota is adept at foraging polysaccharides as energy sources and confers benefits in the context of immunity and chronic autoimmune disease, such as multiple sclerosis. A compelling set of interconnectedness between the gut microbiota, natural polysaccharides, and immune regulation has emerged. In this review, we highlighted the available avenues supporting the existence of these interactions, with a focus on cytokines-mediated and SCFAs-mediated pathways. Additionally, the neuroimmune mechanisms for gut microbiota communication with the brain in multiple sclerosis are also discussed, which will lay the ground for ameliorate multiple sclerosis via polysaccharide intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Zhepeng Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Peifang Weng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
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17
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Sun W, Feng Y, Zhang M, Song X, Jia L. Protective effects of sulfated polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes on the lung and liver of MODS mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:6389-6402. [PMID: 34057170 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00399b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of sulfated polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes (SPLE) on zymosan (ZYM)-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) mice were investigated. Using the MODS mice model, biochemical works have already shown that in mice treated with SPLE, the lung parameters of GGT, C3 and hs-CRP were down-regulated and the hepatic parameters of TC, TG, ALT and AST, HDLC, LDL-C and VLDL-C were improved, the serum levels of CK, Cr and Amy were decreased, and the levels of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 were also reduced, the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT enhanced, and the content of MDA was reduced. In addition, histopathology of the lung and liver confirmed the beneficial effects of SPLE on MODS mice, indicating that SPLE played a role in protecting the organ function of MODS mice. In addition, SPLE was characterized as a sulfated β-glucan linked by β-type glycosidic bonds. These conclusions indicated that SPLE had effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and could be used as a functional food and medicine to prevent MODS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Sun
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China. :
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18
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Nigam S, Singh R, Bhardwaj SK, Sami R, Nikolova MP, Chavali M, Sinha S. Perspective on the Therapeutic Applications of Algal Polysaccharides. JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 2021; 30:785-809. [PMID: 34305487 PMCID: PMC8294233 DOI: 10.1007/s10924-021-02231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Algae are an enormous source of polysaccharides and have gained much interest in human flourishing as organic drugs. Algal polysaccharides have aroused interest in the health sector owing to the various bioactivities namely anticancer, antiviral, immunoregulation, antidiabetic and antioxidant effects. The research community has comprehensively described the importance of algal polysaccharides regarding their extraction, purification, and potential use in various sectors. However, regardless of all the intriguing properties and potency in the health sector, these algal polysaccharides deserve detailed investigation. Hence, the present review emphasizes extensively on the previous and latest developments in the extraction, purification, structural properties and therapeutic bioactivities of algal polysaccharides to upgrade the knowledge for further advancement in this area of research. Moreover, the review also addresses the challenges, prospective research gaps and future perspective. We believe this review can provide a boost to upgrade the traditional methods of algal polysaccharide production for the development of efficacious drugs that will promote human welfare. Graphic Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Nigam
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, 201 313 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Rachana Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, 201313 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sheetal Kaushik Bhardwaj
- Vant Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rokkayya Sami
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria P. Nikolova
- Department of Material Science and Technology, University of Ruse “A. Kanchev”, 8 Studentska Str, 7017 Ruse, Bulgaria
| | - Murthy Chavali
- Nano Technology Research Centre (NTRC), MCETRC, and Aarshanano Composite Technologies Pvt. Ltd, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522 201 India
| | - Surbhi Sinha
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, 201313 Uttar Pradesh India
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Fang T, Zhang X, Hu S, Yu Y, Sun X, Xu N. Enzymatic Degradation of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis Polysaccharide and the Antioxidant Activity of Its Degradation Products. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:270. [PMID: 34066101 PMCID: PMC8150296 DOI: 10.3390/md19050270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis polysaccharides (GLP) were degraded using pectinase, glucoamylase, cellulase, xylanase, and β-dextranase into low-molecular-weight polysaccharides, namely, GPP, GGP, GCP, GXP, and GDP, respectively, and their antioxidant capacities were investigated. The degraded GLP showed higher antioxidant activities than natural GLP, and GDP exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. After the optimization of degradation conditions through single-factor and orthogonal optimization experiments, four polysaccharide fractions (GDP1, GDP2, GDP3, and GDP4) with high antioxidant abilities (hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reduction capacity, and total antioxidant capacity) were obtained. Their cytoprotective activities against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in human fetal lung fibroblast 1 (HFL1) cells were examined. Results suggested that GDP pretreatment can significantly improve cell viability, reduce reactive oxygen species and malonaldehyde levels, improve antioxidant enzyme activity and mitochondria membrane potential, and alleviate oxidative damage in HFL1 cells. Thus, the enzyme degradation of GLP with β-dextranase can significantly improve its antioxidant activity, and GDP might be a suitable source of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (T.F.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (X.S.)
| | | | | | | | - Nianjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (T.F.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (X.S.)
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20
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Zou T, Yang J, Guo X, He Q, Wang Z, You J. Dietary seaweed-derived polysaccharides improve growth performance of weaned pigs through maintaining intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbial populations. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:28. [PMID: 33750476 PMCID: PMC7945339 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Seaweed-derived polysaccharides (SDP) represent an attractive source of prebiotic nutraceuticals for the food and animal husbandry industry. However, the mechanism by which SDP from Enteromorpha mediates pig growth are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate how SDP supplementation influences the growth performance and intestinal health in weaned pigs. Results In Exp. 1, 240 weaned pigs were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments and fed with a basal diet or a basal diet containing 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg SDP, respectively, in a 21-day trial. Pigs on the 400 or 800 mg/kg SDP-supplemented group had greater ADG and lower F/G ratio than those on the control group (P<0.05). In Exp. 2, 20 male weaned pigs were randomly assigned to two treatments and fed with a basal diet (CON group) or a basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg SDP (the optimum does from Exp. 1), in a 21-day trial. Pigs fed the SDP diet had greater ADG, the concentrations of serum IL-6 and TNF-α and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase (P<0.05), and lower F/G, diarrhea rate, as well as serum D-lactate concentrations and diamine oxidase activity (P<0.05). Moreover, dietary SDP supplementation enhanced secretory immunoglobulin A content, villus height and villous height: crypt depth ratio in small intestine, as well as the lactase and maltase activities in jejunum mucosa (P<0.05). SDP supplementation elevated the mRNA levels of inflammatory response-related genes (IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, TLR6 and MyD88), and the mRNA and protein levels of ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin in jejunum mucosa (P<0.05). Importantly, SDP not only increased the Lactobacillus population but also reduced the Escherichia coli population in cecum (P<0.05). Furthermore, SDP increased acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations in cecum (P<0.05). Conclusions These results not only suggest a beneficial effect of SDP on growth performance and intestinal barrier functions, but also offer potential mechanisms behind SDP-facilitated intestinal health in weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Xiaobo Guo
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Qin He
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Zirui Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jinming You
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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21
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Cosmeceutical Potential of Grateloupia turuturu: Using Low-Cost Extraction Methodologies to Obtain Added-Value Extracts. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The invasive macroalga Grateloupia turuturu is known to contain a diversity of bioactive compounds with different potentialities. Among them are compounds with relevant bioactivities for cosmetics. Considering this, this study aimed to screen bioactivities with cosmeceutical potential, namely, antioxidant, UV absorbance, anti-enzymatic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as photoprotection potential. Extractions with higher concentrations of ethanol resulted in extracts with higher antioxidant activities, while for the anti-enzymatic activity, high inhibition percentages were obtained for elastase and hyaluronidase with almost all extracts. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, all extracts showed to be active against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. Extracts produced with higher percentages of ethanol were more effective against E. coli and with lower percentages against the other two microorganisms. Several concentrations of each extract were found to be safe for fibroblasts, but no photoprotection capacity was observed. However, one of the aqueous extracts was responsible for reducing around 40% of the nitric oxide production on macrophages, showing its anti-inflammatory potential. This work highlights G. turuturu’s potential in the cosmeceutical field, contributing to the further development of natural formulations for skin protection.
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22
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Chagas FDDS, Lima GC, dos Santos VIN, Costa LEC, de Sousa WM, Sombra VG, de Araújo DF, Barros FCN, Marinho-Soriano E, de Andrade Feitosa JP, de Paula RCM, Pereira MG, Freitas ALP. Sulfated polysaccharide from the red algae Gelidiella acerosa: Anticoagulant, antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:415-421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Wang C, He Y, Tang X, Li N. Sulfation, structural analysis, and anticoagulant bioactivity of ginger polysaccharides. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2427-2434. [PMID: 32686122 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ginger polysaccharide (GP), ginger polysaccharide 1 (GP1), and ginger polysaccharide 2 (GP2) from ginger were firstly modified by sulfation. Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra investigation of sulfated ginger polysaccharide (SGP), sulfated ginger polysaccharide 1 (SGP1), and sulfated ginger polysaccharide 2 (SGP2) revealed that the sulfation successfully occurred with the characteristic absorption peak of polysaccharide. Congo red experiment showed that triple helical structure existed in SGP and SGP1, but random coils existed in SGP2. SGP, SGP1, and SGP2 all showed a rough and rugged surface with plenty of small pores. The blood clotting time of SGP2 or SGP at 2 mg/mL in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay was 41.42 or 38.01 s, respectively, which were approximately 1.33- and 1.22-fold longer than that of the physiological saline. Compared to the saline control group, prothrombin time (PT) was increased by 1.22-fold with the addition of GP at 2 mg/mL. However, no clotting inhibition phenomenon was observed in thrombin time test even at the concentrations that APTT and PT were obviously prolonged. It indicated that GP2, SGP2, and SGP inhibited the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, but GP inhibited both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of coagulation. Hence, ginger polysaccharides might be used as anticoagulants and therapeutic reagents for thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, PR China
| | - Yaoxuan He
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, PR China
| | - Xiaozhen Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, PR China
| | - Ningyang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, PR China
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Chen S, Liu H, Yang X, Li L, Qi B, Hu X, Ma H, Li C, Pan C. Degradation of sulphated polysaccharides from Grateloupia livida and antioxidant activity of the degraded components. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:660-668. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Industry-Friendly Hydroethanolic Extraction Protocols for Grateloupia turuturu UV-Shielding and Antioxidant Compounds. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10155304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Grateloupia turuturu is an invasive macroalga on the Iberian coast, known to produce bioactive compounds with different cosmeceutical bioactivities, namely UV shielding and antioxidants. The goal of this study was to optimize the extraction procedure of main bioactivities of this species with cosmetic potential, using Response Surface Methodology. Two Box–Behnken designs were used to evaluate the effect of ethanol concentration (0–50%), liquid-solid ratio, time, pH, and temperature on yield, UV absorbance, and antioxidant activity. Both optimizations showed a similar trend: aqueous extracts have higher yields and extracts performed with ethanol as part of the solvent have higher activities concerning UV absorbance and antioxidant activity. For all the extracts an absorption peak between 320 and 340 nm was observed. This data now allows further studies by narrowing the extracts worthful of characterization. The development of industry-friendly extraction methods allows the valorization of this invasive species, contributing for the potential creation of natural and eco-friendly products by the cosmetic industry while contributing to the restoration of affected environments.
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Dhahri M, Sioud S, Dridi R, Hassine M, Boughattas NA, Almulhim F, Al Talla Z, Jaremko M, Emwas AHM. Extraction, Characterization, and Anticoagulant Activity of a Sulfated Polysaccharide from Bursatella leachii Viscera. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:14786-14795. [PMID: 32596616 PMCID: PMC7315596 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds for drug discovery are increasingly extracted and purified from natural sources including marine organisms. Heparin is a therapeutic agent that has been used for several decades as an anticoagulant. However, heparin is known to cause many undesirable complications such as thrombocytopenia and risk of hemorrhage. Hence, there is a need to find alternatives to current widely used anticoagulant drugs. Here, we extract a sulfated polysaccharide from sea hare, that is, Bursatella leachii viscera, by enzymatic digestion. Several analytical approaches including elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis show that B. leachii polysaccharides have chemical structures similar to glycosaminoglycans. We explore the anticoagulant activity of the B. leachii extract using the activated partial thromboplastin time and the thrombin time. Our results demonstrate that the extracted sulfated polysaccharide has heparin-like anticoagulant activity, thus showing great promise as an alternative anticoagulant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Dhahri
- Biology Department,
Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, 46423 Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Sioud
- Analytical Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi
| | - Rihab Dridi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology,
Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University
of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Hassine
- Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Naceur A. Boughattas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology,
Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University
of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fatimah Almulhim
- Biological and Environmental Science and
Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Al Talla
- ANPERC, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and
Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas
- Core Labs, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi
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Tan J, Liu J, Wang H, Zhang Y, Lin H, Wang Z, Si H, Zhang Y, Liu J, Li P, Sun K. Identification of blood-activating components from Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet based on the spectrum-effect relationship and network pharmacology analysis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:9587-9600. [PMID: 35497256 PMCID: PMC9050128 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09623j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
With the aim of identifying the active components of Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet (XXT) and discussing the potential mechanism involved, the relationship between HPLC fingerprints and its blood-activating effect were established by multivariate statistical analysis, including gray relational analysis (GRA) and partial least squares regression analysis (PLSR). Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential mechanism based on the identified active components. GRA and PLSR analysis showed close correlation between the HPLC fingerprints and blood-activating activity, and peaks P1, P3, P11, P15, P22, P34, P36, P38 and P39 might be potential anti-blood stasis components of XXT. The pharmacological verification showed that salvianic acid A (P1), rutin (P3), ginsenoside Rg1 (P11) and Rb1 (P22), cinobufagin (P36), and tanshinone I (P38) and IIA (P39) had significant blood-activating effects. Based on these seven active compounds, network pharmacology analysis indicated that the anti-blood stasis effect of XXT might be closely related to TNF, PI3K-Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways. The spectrum-effect relationship of XXT was successfully established in this study. The blood-activating components and the anti-blood stasis mechanism were revealed and predicted. These findings could also be beneficial for an exploration of the active components of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
| | - Junli Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
| | - Han Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
- The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 Jilin China
| | - Hongqiang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
| | - Zhongyao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
| | - Hanrui Si
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
| | - Yutong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University Changchun 130021 China
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University Changchun 130021 China
| | - Kai Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University Fujin Road 1266 Changchun 130021 Jilin China +86-431-85619803
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Sun X, Wei B, Peng Z, Chen X, Fu Q, Wang C, Zhen J, Sun J. A polysaccharide from the dried rhizome of Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. Sm. prevents ovariectomized (OVX)-induced osteoporosis in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:3692-3700. [PMID: 32065504 PMCID: PMC7131925 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a homogenous polysaccharide (DFPW) was isolated and purified from the dried rhizome of Drynaria fortunei, and its protective effect against osteoporosis was investigated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Histological analysis indicated that oral administration of DFPW (100 and 400 mg/kg) for 12 weeks significantly improved trabecular bone mass, as demonstrated by the increase in trabecular area, trabecular thickness and its number in OVX rats. Furthermore, the decline of bone mineral density and bone mineral content including Ca, P and Mg induced by OVX was reversed by the DFPW administration. This function was achieved by the decreased levels of the bone turnover markers, such as serum ALP, urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD), Ca and P excretions. Besides, DFPW improved biomechanical parameters (maximum load, energy, Young's, modulus and maximum stress) to strengthen the hardness and strength femoral diaphysis in OVX rats. These results strongly suggested that DFPW might be a hopeful alternative therapeutics to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhiheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaru Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qinglong Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chaojun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinchang Zhen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiecong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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29
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Yang L, Huang J, Luo M, Wang Z, Zhu L, Wang S, Zhu D, Liu H. The influence of gut microbiota on the rheological characterization of soy hull polysaccharide and mucin interactions. RSC Adv 2020; 10:2830-2840. [PMID: 35496104 PMCID: PMC9048604 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09594b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SSHP increased the viscoelasticity of the interfacial film and reduced the interfacial tension at the air–water interface by interacting with mucin. SSHP increased the ratio of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes and promoted the growth of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage
| | - Jinghang Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage
| | - Mingshuo Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage
| | - Ziyi Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage
| | - Lijie Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage
| | - Shengnan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage
| | - Danshi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage
| | - He Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Bohai University
- Jinzhou
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage
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30
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Chen GT, Yuan B, Wang HX, Qi GH, Cheng SJ. Characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides obtained from ginger pomace using two different extraction processes. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:801-809. [PMID: 31400421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two different processes of hot water (HW) and ultrasonic-assisted (UA) for the extraction of polysaccharide from ginger pomace (GPPs) were employed under their respective best parameters, and the characterization and antioxidant activity of the purified polysaccharide (HW-GPP1, HW-GPP2, HW-GPP3, and UA-GPP1, UA-GPP2, UA-GPP3, respectively) were analyzed. The data implied that the yield of the polysaccharide obtained by UA was higher than that of HW. Meanwhile, two kinds of GPPs possessed the different preliminary structural characteristics including molecular weight distributions, total sugar and protein content, uronic acid content, while similar monosaccharide compositions and sulfuric radical contents. In vitro antioxidant activity assays indicated that UA-GPP3 showed the strongest scavenging abilities on DPPH radicals, while UA-GPP2 possessed the strongest scavenging abilities on hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of each fractions of GPPs extracted by UA was better than that of the corresponding fractions of GPPs extracted by HW. These results showed that UA was more beneficial to enhance the extraction yields of the polysaccharides, and also resulted in GPPs with higher bioactivity. Therefore, it indicated that UA-GPPs could be used as a potential natural antioxidant. Accordingly, the ginger pomace could be used as a potential source for natural antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Tang Chen
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal, Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Biao Yuan
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal, Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hai-Xiang Wang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal, Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guo-Hong Qi
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal, Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shu-Jie Cheng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal, Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
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31
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Manlusoc JKT, Hsieh CL, Hsieh CY, Salac ESN, Lee YT, Tsai PW. Pharmacologic Application Potentials of Sulfated Polysaccharide from Marine Algae. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071163. [PMID: 31288474 PMCID: PMC6680640 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advent of exploration in finding new sources for treating different diseases, one possible natural source is from marine algae. Having an array of potential benefits, researchers are interested in the components which comprise one of these activities. This can lead to the isolation of active compounds with biological activities, such as antioxidation of free radicals, anti-inflammation, antiproliferation of cancer cells, and anticoagulant to name a few. One of the compounds that are isolated from marine algae are sulfated polysaccharides (SPs). SPs are complex heterogenous natural polymers with an abundance found in different species of marine algae. Marine algae are known to be one of the most important sources of SPs, and depending on the species, its chemical structure varies. This variety has important physical and chemical components and functions which has gained the attention of researchers as this contributes to the many facets of its pharmacologic activity. In this review, recent pharmacologic application potentials and updates on the use of SPs from marine algae are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chieh-Lun Hsieh
- Department of Athletics Sports, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Ellen San Nicolas Salac
- Office of the Vice President for Academic Affairs, Emilio Aguinaldo College, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Ya-Ting Lee
- Department of Beauty Science, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Sciences Industry, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan.
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Microwave-Assisted Extraction, Purification, Partial Characterization, and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Panax ginseng. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081605. [PMID: 31018583 PMCID: PMC6514599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are a main active substance in Panax ginseng; however, microwave-assisted extraction used to prepare P. ginseng polysaccharides (MPPG) has rarely been reported, and knowledge of the bactericidal activity of P. ginseng polysaccharides remains low. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the extraction of P. ginseng polysaccharides by using two methods-hot water extraction and microwave-assisted extraction-and compare their chemical composition and structure. In addition, their antibacterial and antioxidant activities were also determined. The data implied that P. ginseng polysaccharides extracted by microwave-assisted extraction possessed a higher extraction yield than hot water extraction (WPPG) under optimized conditions, and the actual yields were 41.6% ± 0.09% and 28.5% ± 1.62%, respectively. Moreover, the preliminary characterization of polysaccharides was identified after purification. The WPPG with the molecular weight (Mw) of 2.07 × 105 Da was composed of Man, Rib, Rha, GalA, Glu, Gal, and Arab, and the typical characteristics of polysaccharides were determined by IR spectra. Compared with WPPG, MPPG had a higher Mw, uronic acid content, and Glu content. More importantly, the antioxidant activity of MPPG was higher than WPPG, which was probably ascribed to its highly Mw and abundant uronic acid content. Besides, both of them exhibited high bactericidal activity. These results demonstrate that microwave-assisted extraction is an effective method for obtaining P. ginseng polysaccharides, and MPPG could be applied as an antioxidant and antibacterial agent.
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Antithrombotics from the Sea: Polysaccharides and Beyond. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030170. [PMID: 30884850 PMCID: PMC6471875 DOI: 10.3390/md17030170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms exhibit some advantages as a renewable source of potential drugs, far beyond chemotherapics. Particularly, the number of marine natural products with antithrombotic activity has increased in the last few years, and reports show a wide diversity in scaffolds, beyond the polysaccharide framework. While there are several reviews highlighting the anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of marine-derived sulfated polysaccharides, reports including other molecules are sparse. Therefore, the present paper provides an update of the recent progress in marine-derived sulfated polysaccharides and quotes other scaffolds that are being considered for investigation due to their antithrombotic effect.
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Wang YL, Zhang Q, Yin SJ, Cai L, Yang YX, Liu WJ, Hu YJ, Chen H, Yang FQ. Screening of blood-activating active components from Danshen-Honghua herbal pair by spectrum-effect relationship analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 54:149-158. [PMID: 30668364 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza, DS) and Honghua (Carthamus tinctorius, HH) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines for activating blood and removing stasis, and DS-HH (DH) herbal pair had potential synergistic effects on promoting blood circulation. Therefore, it is essential to make clear the active components of this herbal pair for better understanding their potential synergistic effects. PURPOSE To comprehensively evaluate the activity of DH herbal pair on physiological coagulation system of rats, and seek their potential active components by spectrum-effect relationship analysis. METHODS The water extracts of DH herbal pair with different proportions (DS: HH = 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, 1:5 and 1:3) were prepared. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into eight groups: blank group, model group, model + 1:1 (DH) group, model + 2:1 group, model + 3:1 group, model + 5:1 group, model + 1:5 group and model + 1:3 group. The intragastric administration was performed for eight times with 12 h intervals. SC40 semi-automatic coagulation analyzer was employed to determine coagulation indices. Meanwhile, HPLC and LC-MS were applied for chemical analyses of DH extracts. Finally, the active ingredients were screened by spectrum-effect relationship analysis and the activities of major predicted compounds were validated in vitro. RESULTS Different proportions of DH extracts could significantly prolong thrombin time (TT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), increase prothrombin time (PT) and decrease fibrinogen (FIB) content, reduced whole blood viscosity (WBV) and plasma viscosity (PV), decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate blood (ESR) compared with model group. Furthermore, fifteen highly related components were screened out by the spectrum-effect relationship and LC-MS analysis, of which caffeic acid, salvianolic acid B, hydroxysafflor yellow A and lithospermate acid had significant blood-activing effect by prolong APTT and decrease FIB content at high (0.6 mM), medium (0.3 mM) and low (0.15 mM) (except lithospermate acid) concentrations in vitro. CONCLUSIONS DH herbal pair showed strong blood-activating effect on blood stasis rat through regulating the parameters involved in haemorheology and plasma coagulation system. Four active compounds, caffeic acid, salvianolic acid B, hydroxysafflor yellow A and lithospermate acid predicted by spectrum-effect relationship analysis had good blood-activating effect. Therefore, spectrum-effect relationship analysis is an effective approach for seeking active components in herbal pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Shi-Jun Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Liang Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Yu-Xiu Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
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35
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Zhang Q, Wang YL, Gao D, Cai L, Yang YY, Hu YJ, Yang FQ, Chen H, Xia ZN. Comparing coagulation activity of Selaginella tamariscina before and after stir-frying process and determining the possible active constituents based on compositional variation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:67-75. [PMID: 29295657 PMCID: PMC6130545 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1421673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring (Selaginellaceae) (ST) has been widely used in China as a medicine for improving blood circulation. However, its processed product, S. tamariscina carbonisatus (STC), possesses opposite haemostatic activity. OBJECTIVE To comprehensively evaluate the activity of ST and STC on physiological coagulation system of rats, and seek potential active substances accounting for the activity transformation of ST during processing. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 75% methanol extracts of the whole grass (fine powder) of ST and STC were prepared, respectively. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, model group, model + ST group, model + STC group and positive control group (model + Yunnanbaiyao). The duration of intragastric administration was 72 h at 12 h intervals. Haemorheology parameters were measured using an LB-2 A cone-plate viscometer and the existed classic methods, respectively. SC40 semi-automatic coagulation analyzer was employed to determine coagulation indices. Meanwhile, HPLC and LC-MS were applied for chemical analyses of ST and STC extracts. RESULTS STC shortened tail-bleeding time, increased whole blood viscosity (WBV) and plasma viscosity (PV), decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate blood (ESR), reduced activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and increased the fibrinogen (FIB) content in the plasma of bleeding model rats. Although ST could shorten APTT and TT, the FIB content was significantly decreased by ST. Dihydrocaffeic acid with increased content in STC vs. ST showed haemostatic activity for promoting the platelet aggregation induced by collagen and trap-6, and reducing APTT and PT significantly with a concentration of 171.7 μM in vitro. Amentoflavone with reduced content in STC vs. ST inhibited ADP and AA-induced platelet aggregation significantly with a concentration of 40.7 μM. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS As the processed product of ST, STC showed strong haemostatic activity on bleeding rat through regulating the parameters involved in haemorheology and plasma coagulation system. Two active compounds, dihydrocaffeic acid and amentoflavone, might be partially responsible for the haemostatic and anticoagulant activity of STC and ST, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Die Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi-Yao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ning Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
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Liu H, Chen X, Song L, Li K, Zhang X, Liu S, Qin Y, Li P. Polysaccharides from Grateloupia filicina enhance tolerance of rice seeds (Oryza sativa L.) under salt stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 124:1197-1204. [PMID: 30503791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a salt-sensitive crop which could be suppressed seriously by salt stress at germination stage. Some seaweeds polysaccharides could enhance plants resistance but there is little research about polysaccharides from Grateloupia filicina in agriculture. Therefore, G. filicina polysaccharide (GFP) and low molecular weight (MW) G. filicina polysaccharide (LGFP) were applied to rice seeds under salt stress (GFP: 2093.4 kDa, LGFP-1: 40.8 kDa, LGFP-2: 22.6 kDa, LGFP-3: 5.1 kDa, LGFP-4: 3.0 kDa). Relatively low MW polysaccharides LGFP1-4 showed better effect than GFP, and LGFP-1 showed the best effect on germination potential, germination index, shoot/root length and vigor index than negative control by 26.67, 14.27, 30.50, 202.65 and 162.78%, respectively. Optimum concentration was determined at 0.1 mg/mL, and LGFP-1 increased proline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase activities (POD) which improved ability of osmotic adjustment and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. FITC-labeled LGFP-1 (F-LGFP-1) was to investigate the polysaccharide absorption and it was be observed in root and shoot with different distribution. Finally, expression of Na+/H+ antiporter gene was up regulated which suggested LGFP-1 could protect rice seeds by regulating Na+ content. This research showed potential application of polysaccharides from G. filicina for increasing rice seeds salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Lin Song
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, No. 53 Zhengzhou Road, Shibei District, Qingdao 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Song Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Wang Z, Cai T, He X. Characterization, sulfated modification and bioactivity of a novel polysaccharide from Millettia dielsiana. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:108-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of Athelia rolfsii exopolysaccharide-zinc complex (AEPS-zinc). Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:20-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Gereniu CRN, Saravana PS, Chun BS. Recovery of carrageenan from Solomon Islands red seaweed using ionic liquid-assisted subcritical water extraction. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Wang Y, Wei X, Wang F, Xu J, Tang X, Li N. Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from ginger. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:862-869. [PMID: 29360545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two components ginger polysaccharide 1 (GP1) and ginger polysaccharide 2 (GP2) were extracted. The results showed that the molecular weights of GP1 and GP2 were 6128 Da and 12,619 Da, respectively. The composition and proportion of GP1 and GP2 were mannose, glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 4.96: 92.24: 2.80 and arabinose, mannose, glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 4.78: 16.70: 61.77: 16.75, respectively, illustrating that GP1 and GP2 were not a kind of homopolysaccharide. GP1 has a three-helix structure, and the structure is closely linked. GP2 contains sulfuric acid groups, and has a high oxidation resistance, its structure is more evacuated and messy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Xuelian Wei
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL6801, USA
| | - Fuhou Wang
- Gasu Polytechnic College of Animal Husbandry & Engineering, Wuwei 733006, PR China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Xiaozhen Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Ningyang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
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Abstract
Preliminary characterization and bioactivity of water-soluble polysaccharides from four Impatiens species—I. glandulifera Royle, I. parviflora DC., I. balsamina L., and I. noli-tangere L.—were investigated. The yields of polysaccharides range widely from 1.97% for I. parviflora roots to 18.63% for I. balsamina aerial parts. SEC (Size exclusion chromatography) chromatograms show that all samples contained a low molecular weight part that consisted of components of similar molecular weight. The aerial parts and roots of I. balsamina, and I. glandulifera aerial parts had considerable amounts of high molecular weight components up to 2.3 MDa. The sugar composition analysis revealed that Impatiens polysaccharides consisted primarily of galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, mannose, xylose, and glucose. All polysaccharide fractions, except for I. parviflora roots, also contain galacturonic acid. Moreover, in vitro bioactivity of obtained polysaccharides were evaluated. The antioxidant activity was evaluated on the basis of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethyl-benzthia-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained for I. balsamina aerial parts and I. parviflora roots. Among the tested fractions, only the polysaccharides from I. glandulifera aerial parts were able to significantly decrease the production of IL-8 by 32.7 ± 10.5%. The results suggest that Impatiens species can be considered as a new source of antioxidants.
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Enrichment, purification and in vitro antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Umbilicaria esculenta macrolichen. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yu Y, Shen M, Song Q, Xie J. Biological activities and pharmaceutical applications of polysaccharide from natural resources: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 183:91-101. [PMID: 29352896 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 706] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacotherapy using natural substances can be currently regarded as a very promising future alternative to conventional therapy. As biological macromolecules, polysaccharide together with protein and polynucleotide, are extremely important biomacromoleules which play important roles in the growth and development of living organism. Polysaccharide is important component of higher plants, membrane of the animal cell and the cell wall of microbes. It is also closely related to the physiological functions. Recently, increasing attention has been paid on polysaccharides as an important class of bioactive natural products. Numerous researches have demonstrated the bioactivities of natural polysaccharides, which lead to the application of polysaccharides in the treatment of disease. In this paper, the various aspects of the investigation results of the bioactivities of polysaccharides were summarized, including its diversity pharmacological applications, such as immunoregulatory, anti-tumor, anti-virus, antioxidation, and hypoglycemic activity, and their application of polysaccharides in the treatment of disease are also discussed. We hope this review can offer some theoretical basis and inspiration for the mechanism study of the bioactivity of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingyue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Kasimu R, Chen C, Xie X, Li X. Water-soluble polysaccharide from Erythronium sibiricum bulb: Structural characterisation and immunomodulating activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:452-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Potential Antioxidant Activity of the Polysaccharides from Four Seaweeds. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17121988. [PMID: 27916796 PMCID: PMC5187788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17121988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Four seaweed polysaccharides were extracted from Sarcodia ceylonensis, Ulva lactuca L., Gracilaria lemaneiformis, and Durvillaea antarctica, respectively, by microwave-assisted extraction. The effect of three significant variables (extraction time, extraction temperature, and the ratio of water to raw material) on the process for extracting polysaccharides was investigated, along with the optimization of the extraction using the response surface method (RSM) with a Box–Behnken design. The polysaccharide structure, monosaccharide composition, degree of sulfation, and molecular weight (MW) distribution were analyzed by infrared (IR) spectrometry, gas chromatography (GC), and high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). IR spectrometry showed that Sarcodia ceylonensis polysaccharide (SCP), Ulva lactuca L. polysaccharide (ULLP), and Durvillaea antarctica polysaccharide (DAP) were all sulfated polysaccharides and, except Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide (GLP), all belong to β-pyranosidic polysaccharides. The average molecular weight (MW) of SCP, ULLP, GLP, and DAP was 466, 404, 591, and 482 kDa, respectively. The quantitative and comparative results with external standards indicated that the main monosaccharide in SCP and ULLP was mannose; and GLP and DAP were mainly composed of galactose and glucose, respectively. Then the in vitro antioxidant activity of all of the polysaccharides was evaluated using different assays—2,2–azino –bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonate) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, nitrite scavenging capacity, and reducing power—and the relationship between their antioxidant activity and chemical characteristics were also examined. ULLP presented the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity; ULLP, SCP and DAP also showed a strong effect on the ABTS radical scavenging activity. SCP and ULLP exhibited excellent hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, about 83.33% ± 2.31% and 80.07% ± 2.17%, respectively, at 4 mg/mL. The reducing power of DAP was relatively more pronounced than that of the three other polysaccharides. However, the nitrite scavenging activities of the four seaweed polysaccharides were weaker than other antioxidant activity (ABTS), hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, and reducing power. In addition, GLP exhibited lower activities than the other three samples in all of the tests for the antioxidant activity.
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