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Yuan MZ, Fang Q. Latent class analysis of the sleep quality of night shift nurses and impact of shift-related factors on the occupational stress and anxiety. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:2772-2784. [PMID: 38235926 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study is to explore the various latent categories within the sleep quality of night shift nurses and to investigate whether shift-related factors predispose nurses to higher levels of occupational stress and anxiety. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS From November to December 2020, registered nurses from 18 tertiary hospitals and 16 secondary hospitals in Chongqing were selected through convenience sampling for this study. Latent class analysis was used to investigate the sleep quality of nurses working night shifts. Furthermore, univariate analysis and logistic multivariate analysis were utilized to identify the contributing factors to occupational stress and anxiety. RESULTS The four latent categories of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for night shift nurses were identified as 'Low Sleep Disorder Group' (56.34%), 'Moderate Sleep Disorder Group' (37.27%), 'High Sleep Disorder Non-Reliant on Sleeping medication Group' (4.89%) and 'High Sleep Disorder Reliant on Sleeping medication Group' (1.50%). The results showed that having a night-shift frequency of 3-4 times per month, night-shift durations of 9-12 h, sleep time delay after night shift (≥2 h), total sleep time after night shift less than 4 h were shift-related factors that increased the levels of occupational stress and anxiety. CONCLUSION The sleep quality of night shift nurses demonstrates heterogeneity and can be classified into four latent categories. Higher frequency of night shifts, extended work hours and insufficient rest time are all associated with increased levels of occupational stress and anxiety. IMPACT By identifying the four latent categories of sleep quality among night shift nurses, this study sheds light on the relationship between sleep patterns and levels of occupational stress and anxiety. These findings have important implications for healthcare institutions in the management of nurse well-being and work schedules. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Zhen Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Min A, Seo J, Kang M, Hong HC. Sleep Deprivation and Fatigue among Nurses Working Consecutive Night Shifts: A Prospective Observational Study. J Korean Acad Nurs 2024; 54:139-150. [PMID: 38863184 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.23164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify changes in sleep patterns and fatigue levels during consecutive night shifts among shift nurses and to determine the association between sleep parameters and increased fatigue levels during work. METHODS This prospective observational study employing ecological momentary assessments was conducted using data collected from 98 shift nurses working in Korean hospitals between June 2019 and February 2021. The sleep patterns were recorded using actigraphy. The participants reported their fatigue levels at the beginning and end of each night shift in real time via a mobile link. Linear mixed models were used for the analysis. RESULTS Nurses spent significantly less time in bed and had shorter sleep durations during consecutive night shifts than on off-duty days, whereas their wake times after sleep onset were much longer on off-duty days than on on-duty days. Fatigue levels were higher on the second and third night-shift days than on the first night-shift days. A shorter time spent in bed and asleep was associated with a greater increase in fatigue levels at the end of the shift than at the beginning. CONCLUSION Nurses experience significant sleep deprivation during consecutive night shifts compared with off-duty days, and this sleep shortage is associated with a considerable increase in fatigue levels at the end of shifts. Nurse managers and administrators must ensure sufficient intershift recovery time during consecutive night shifts to increase the time spent in bed and sleeping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Min
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisu Seo
- Department of Nursing, The Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Hye Chong Hong
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
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Zhang M, Chi C, Liu Q, Zhou N, Zhou Z, Tao X, Xuan B, Liu H. Prevalence and associated factors of insomnia symptoms after ending China's dynamic zero-COVID policy: a cross-sectional survey of frontline nursing staff in Chinese hospitals. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1363048. [PMID: 38628853 PMCID: PMC11018895 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1363048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background After the Chinese government announced the end of the dynamic zero-COVID policy on January 8, 2023, the COVID-19 pandemic peaked. Frontline nursing staff are at high risk of infection transmission due to their frequent contact with COVID-19 patients. In addition, due to the ending of China's dynamic zero-COVID policy, frontline nursing staff have grappled with increased workload, fatigue, and more. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of insomnia symptoms in frontline nursing staff and its influencing factors following the end of the policy. Methods Between January and February 2023, this study was conducted by the Wenjuanxing platform to survey frontline nursing staff in a hospital in Wuhu City, Anhui Province. All the nursing staff included in this study had a COVID-19 infection. The questionnaires included the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), PC-PTSD-5 Chinese Version Scale, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, The 2-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-2) Scale, and the burden of COVID-19 Scale. Binary logistic regression methods were used to identify variables associated with insomnia symptoms. Results Among the 694 frontline nursing staff, 74.5% (517/694) exhibited insomnia symptoms. Fear of COVID-19 (p < 0.001), the burden of COVID-19 (p < 0.05), PTSD (p < 0.001), and higher technical titles (p < 0.008) were highly correlated with insomnia symptoms in frontline nursing staff. Psychological resilience (p < 0.001) was a protective factor for insomnia symptoms among frontline nursing staff. Conclusion After ending China's dynamic zero-COVID policy, the prevalence of insomnia symptoms among frontline nursing staff is generally higher. This study highlights the association between insomnia symptoms and PTSD, fear of COVID-19, COVID-19 burden, and resilience. Psychological assistance is needed for frontline nursing staff to prevent insomnia symptoms and protect the mental health of frontline nursing staff after the end of China's dynamic zero-COVID policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Chenru Chi
- Graduate School of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Qingwei Liu
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ningying Zhou
- Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhou
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiubin Tao
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Bin Xuan
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Hemodialysis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, China
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Yook S, Choi SJ, Zang C, Joo EY, Kim H. Are there effects of light exposure on daytime sleep for rotating shift nurses after night shift?: an EEG power analysis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1306070. [PMID: 38601092 PMCID: PMC11004303 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1306070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Night-shift workers often face various health issues stemming from circadian rhythm shift and the consequent poor sleep quality. We aimed to study nurses working night shifts, evaluate the electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern of daytime sleep, and explore possible pattern changes due to ambient light exposure (30 lux) compared to dim conditions (<5 lux) during daytime sleep. Moethods The study involved 31 participants who worked night shifts and 24 healthy adults who had never worked night shifts. The sleep macro and microstructures were analyzed, and electrophysiological activity was compared (1) between nighttime sleep and daytime sleep with dim light and (2) between daytime sleep with dim and 30 lux light conditions. Results The daytime sleep group showed lower slow or delta wave power during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep than the nighttime sleep group. During daytime sleep, lower sigma wave power in N2 sleep was observed under light exposure compared to no light exposure. Moreover, during daytime sleep, lower slow wave power in N3 sleep in the last cycle was observed under light exposure compared to no light exposure. Discussion Our study demonstrated that night shift work and subsequent circadian misalignment strongly affect sleep quality and decrease slow and delta wave activities in NREM sleep. We also observed that light exposure during daytime sleep could additionally decrease N2 sleep spindle activity and N3 waves in the last sleep cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonhyun Yook
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Su Jung Choi
- Graduate School of Clinical Nursing Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cong Zang
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Eun Yeon Joo
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosung Kim
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Alameri RA, Almulla HA, Al Swyan AH, Hammad SS. Sleep quality and fatigue among nurses working in high-acuity clinical settings in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:51. [PMID: 38238714 PMCID: PMC10795399 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01693-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep quality is prevalent among nurses worldwide. Around two-thirds of nurses doing shift work are known to experience sleep problems and fatigue. Fatigue and sleep problems are linked to poor performance, impaired alertness, injuries, chronic diseases, compromised healthcare quality, and medical errors, all of which detrimentally impact nurses and threaten patients' safety. This area of research has received insufficient attention in Saudi Arabia; therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the levels of sleep quality and perceived fatigue and their association among nurses working in acute care settings in comprehensive hospitals in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Chalder Fatigue Scale. Data was obtained via an online questionnaire that was distributed to nurses using the QuestionPro platform through hospital administrators, social media (WhatsApp), and personal contact. RESULTS A total of 173 nurses completed the online survey. Most participants reported poor sleep quality (n = 127, 73.4%) and severe perceived fatigue (n = 156, 90.2%). Furthermore, the study revealed a significant correlation between the overall sleep disturbance and fatigue global scores (r = 0.57, P < 0.001), indicating that poor sleep quality was significantly associated with higher fatigue levels among the study sample. CONCLUSIONS The current study found a significant association between sleep quality and severe fatigue in nurses working in high acute care settings in Saudi Arabia. It is very clear from the results that nurses are experiencing poor sleep and severe fatigue, which in turn, will negatively impact the nurse's quality of life and patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Ali Alameri
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal University, King Faisal Rd, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hebah A Almulla
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal University, King Faisal Rd, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Hamad Al Swyan
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal University, King Faisal Rd, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sama S Hammad
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal University, King Faisal Rd, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
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Dursun Ergezen F, Çiftçi B, Yalın H, Geçkil E, Korkmaz Doğdu A, İlter SM, Terzi B, Kol E, Kaşıkçı M, Ecevit Alpar Ş. Missed nursing care: A cross-sectional and multi-centric study from Turkey. Int J Nurs Pract 2023; 29:e13187. [PMID: 37604179 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to explore the extent of missed nursing care in Turkey and identify its predictors. DESIGN This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicentre study. METHODS A total of 477 nurses working in seven public hospitals participated in this study from March to July 2019. The survey included two components: a personal and professional characteristics data form and the MISSCARE survey. RESULTS The study revealed that emotional support, patient bathing and ambulation were the most frequently missed nursing care activities. An inadequate number of assistive personnel and staff, along with an unexpected increase in patient volume, were identified as the primary reasons for missed nursing care. Of the 21 missed nursing care activities, nine predictive models showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). Factors such as the type of unit, years of work experience, working hours, number of patients cared for in a shift and intention to leave the unit were found to be significant predictors of seven missed nursing care activities (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study found that numerous variables influence each care activity, which suggests the need to devise more targeted and specific strategies to minimize missed nursing care. Thorough investigation into the impact of these strategies on each care activity is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Dursun Ergezen
- Nursing Faculty, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Bahar Çiftçi
- Nursing Faculty, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hayat Yalın
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Geçkil
- Nursing Faculty, Child Health Nursing Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Korkmaz Doğdu
- Nursing Faculty, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sümeyra Mihrap İlter
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Banu Terzi
- Nursing Faculty, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Emine Kol
- Nursing Faculty, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mağfiret Kaşıkçı
- Nursing Faculty, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Şule Ecevit Alpar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Watterson TL, Steege LM, Mott DA, Ford JH, Portillo EC, Chui MA. Sociotechnical Work System Approach to Occupational Fatigue. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2023; 49:485-493. [PMID: 37407330 PMCID: PMC10530575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROBLEM Occupational fatigue is a characteristic of excessive workload and depicts the limited capacity to complete demands. The impact of occupational fatigue has been studied outside of health care in fields such as transportation and heavy industry. Research in health care professionals such as physicians, medical residents, and nurses has demonstrated the potential for occupational fatigue to affect patient, employee, and organizational outcomes. A conceptual framework of occupational fatigue that is informed by a sociotechnical systems approach is needed to (1) describe the multidimensional facets of occupational fatigue, (2) explore individual and work system factors that may affect occupational fatigue, and (3) anticipate downstream implications of occupational fatigue on employee well-being, patient safety, and organizational outcomes. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF OCCUPATIONAL FATIGUE The health care professional occupational fatigue conceptual framework is outlined following the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model and adapted from the Conceptual Model of Occupational Fatigue in Nursing. Future research may apply this conceptual framework to health care professionals as a tool to describe occupational fatigue, identify the causes, and generate solutions. Interventions to mitigate and resolve occupational fatigue must address the entire sociotechnical system, not just individual or employee changes.
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Hittle BM, Hils J, Fendinger SL, Wong IS. A scoping review of sleep education and training for nurses. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 142:104468. [PMID: 37080122 PMCID: PMC10180237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shift work and resulting sleep impairment among nurses can increase their risk for poor health outcomes, occupational injuries, and errors due to sleep deficiencies. While sleep education and training for nurses has been recommended as part of a larger fatigue risk management system, little is known about training programs designed specifically for nurses. OBJECTIVE Investigate the literature for current sleep education or training programs specifically for shift working nurses, with intent to assess training content, delivery characteristics, and outcome measures. DESIGN A scoping review conducted October 2020 through September 2021. METHODS The bibliographic databases Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Scopus, PubMed, and NIOSHTIC-2 were searched using words such as "nurse," "sleep hygiene," "shift work," and "education". Studies were included if they: 1) were original research; 2) discussed sleep education, training, or sleep hygiene interventions; 3) included a study population of nurses engaging in shift work; 4) focused on sleep as a primary study measure; 5) were written in English language; and 6) were published in 2000 or later. RESULTS Search results included 17,237 articles. After duplicates were removed, 14,620 articles were screened. Nine articles were found to meet established criteria. All studies included sleep hygiene content in the training programs, with five studies adding psychological and/or behavior change motivation training to support change in nurse sleep habits. Three studies added specific training for nurses and for managers. Delivery modes included in-person training of various lengths and frequency, mobile phone application with daily engagement, an online self-guided presentation, and daily reading material coupled with audio training. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were the outcome measures most frequently used. Although studies demonstrated improved sleep measures, most were pilot studies testing feasibility. CONCLUSION Although there is a paucity of studies focused on sleep education and training for shift working nurses, we found the inclusion of sleep hygiene content was the only common characteristic of all nine studies. The variability in training content, delivery methods, and outcome measures suggests further research is needed on what constitutes effective sleep education and training for nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly M Hittle
- Division of Science Integration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers, for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA; University of Cincinnati, College of Nursing, 3110 Vine St, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA.
| | - Janie Hils
- Division of Science Integration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers, for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, P.O. Box 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental, Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mailstop S106-5, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - Sherry L Fendinger
- Division of Science Integration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers, for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - Imelda S Wong
- Division of Science Integration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers, for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
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The Impact of 12 h Night Shifts on Nurses’ Driving Safety. NURSING REPORTS 2023; 13:436-444. [PMID: 36976692 PMCID: PMC10054033 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep13010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of 12 h day vs. 12 h night shift-accumulated fatigue on nurses’ driving safety. Background: Evidence across industries links work-related fatigue with errors, accidents, and adverse long-term health outcomes. Shifts of 12 h or longer are particularly problematic, and the potential risks to shift-worker driving safety during their post-shift commute home have yet to be fully explored. Methods: This study used a between-groups, repeated-measures non-randomized control trial. Forty-four nurses working 12 h day shifts and 49 nurses working 12 h night shifts were tested in a driving simulator on two separate occasions—once immediately following their third consecutive 12 h hospital shift and once on their third consecutive day (72 h) off work. Results: We found that night shift nurses had significantly greater lane deviation during the post-shift drive home compared to day shift nurses, which is a key indicator of collision risk, demonstrating impaired driving safety. Conclusions: Consecutive 12 h night shifts are an extremely popular shift for nurses working in the hospital setting, however they pose a significant driving safety risk to nurses assigned to night shifts. This study provides objective evidence of the impact of shift work-related fatigue on 12 h night shift nurse safety, allowing us to make recommendations that may help prevent injury or death from motor vehicle collisions.
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Fowler LA, Hirsh EL, Klinefelter Z, Sulzbach M, Britt TW. Objective assessment of sleep and fatigue risk in emergency medicine physicians. Acad Emerg Med 2023; 30:166-171. [PMID: 36239410 DOI: 10.1111/acem.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fatigue is a state of physical and mental exhaustion in which people feel exhausted or drained of energy. Shift workers are highly vulnerable to fatigue, and this is especially true of emergency physicians (EPs). Shift scheduling (shift hours, frequency/length of breaks, time of shift, and number of hours off between shifts) can affect levels of fatigue in EPs. When EPs are fatigued, they experience decrements in cognition, resulting in an increased risk of errors. This study assessed the state of fatigue in EPs in the emergency department of a large, urban hospital using objective measures (sleep metrics and shift scheduling) over multiple months. METHODS Seventeen EPs, nine females, wore wrist-activity monitors called ReadiBands for 2 months. The ReadiBand is an objective actigraphy measure that communicates with a smartphone application to quantify sleep metrics and predict future fatigue. RESULTS Throughout the 3083 on-shift hours of data, analyses revealed that EPs have poor sleep quality (mean ± SD 7.71 ± 1.84/10) and sleep quantity (mean ± SD 6.77 ± 1.66 h), with sleep efficiency within "normal" ranges (mean ± SD 87.26 ± 9.00). Participants spent 725 h (23.52%) on shifts with fatigue scores indicative of significant impairment (equivalent to BAC of .08%). In addition, results indicated that shift type (day, evening, night) was significantly associated with fatigue score, where night shifts were associated with higher fatigue scores. CONCLUSIONS Fatigue is an issue for many EPs. The present study addressed the percentage of time EPs are in a fatigued state when on shift over an extended duration of time. More research is needed to examine system-level interventions for reducing fatigue in EPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Fowler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily L Hirsh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Margaret Sulzbach
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas W Britt
- Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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Shift work organization on nurse injuries: A scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 138:104395. [PMID: 36481596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extended work hours and shift work can result in mistimed sleep, excessive sleepiness, and fatigue, which affects concentration and cognition. Impaired concentration and cognition negatively affect employee safety. OBJECTIVE To examine the evidence of the impact of shift work organization, specifically work hours and scheduling, on nurse injuries including needlestick and sharps injuries, drowsy driving and motor vehicle crashes, and work-related accidents causing a near miss or actual injury to the nurse. METHODS A scoping review was conducted using search results from five bibliographic databases. RESULTS Through database searching, 7788 articles were identified. During the title and abstract screening, 5475 articles were excluded. Full text screening eliminated 1971 articles. During the data extraction phase, 206 articles were excluded leaving 34 articles from 14 countries in the scoping review. The results of the review suggest a strong association in nurses between long work hours and overtime and an increased risk for needlestick and sharps injuries, drowsy driving and motor vehicle crashes, and other work-related accidents. Rotating shifts increase the risk for needlestick and sharps injuries and other work-related accidents while night and rotating shifts increase the risk for drowsy driving and motor vehicle crashes. CONCLUSIONS Proper management of work hours and scheduling is essential to maximize recovery time and reduce or prevent nurse injuries. Nurse leaders, administrators, and managers, have a responsibility to create a culture of safety. This begins with safe scheduling practices, closely monitoring for near miss and actual nurse injuries, and implementing evidence-based practice strategies to reduce these occurrences.
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12
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Rangel TL, Saul T, Bindler R, Roney JK, Penders RA, Faulkner R, Miller L, Sperry M, James L, Wilson ML. Exercise, diet, and sleep habits of nurses working full-time during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study. Appl Nurs Res 2023; 69:151665. [PMID: 36635006 PMCID: PMC9743780 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2022.151665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy diet, exercise, and sleep practices may mitigate stress and prevent illness. However, lifestyle behaviors of acute care nurses working during stressful COVID-19 surges are unclear. PURPOSE To quantify sleep, diet, and exercise practices of 12-hour acute care nurses working day or night shift during COVID-19-related surges. METHODS Nurses across 10 hospitals in the United States wore wrist actigraphs and pedometers to quantify sleep and steps and completed electronic diaries documenting diet over 7-days. FINDINGS Participant average sleep quantity did not meet national recommendations; night shift nurses (n = 23) slept significantly less before on-duty days when compared to day shift nurses (n = 34). Proportionally more night shift nurses did not meet daily step recommendations. Diet quality was low on average among participants. DISCUSSION Nurses, especially those on night shift, may require resources to support healthy sleep hygiene, physical activity practices, and diet quality to mitigate stressful work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Rangel
- Providence Health System, United States of America.
| | - T Saul
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - R Bindler
- Providence Health System, United States of America; Washington State University, United States of America
| | - J K Roney
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - R A Penders
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - R Faulkner
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - L Miller
- Lincoln Memorial University, United States of America
| | - M Sperry
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - L James
- Washington State University, United States of America
| | - M L Wilson
- Washington State University, United States of America
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James L, James S, Atherley L. The effects of shift-work schedules on the sleep, health, safety, and quality of life of police employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1128629. [PMID: 37139005 PMCID: PMC10149991 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1128629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The negative health and safety consequences of police fatigue are increasingly recognized as a critical problem. This study's objective was to measure the effects of different shift schedules on police employee health, safety, and quality of life. Methods A cross sectional research design surveyed employees (N = 319) from a large, U.S. west coast municipal police service during the fall of 2020. The survey was made up of a battery of validated instruments designed to assess dimensions of health and wellness (e.g., sleep, health, safety, and quality of life). Results We found 77.4% of police employees had poor sleep quality, 25.7% had excessive daytime sleepiness, 50.2% had PTSD symptoms, 51.9% had depressive symptoms, and 40.8% had anxiety symptoms. Working night shifts significantly decreased sleep quality and increased excessive sleepiness. Furthermore, employees working night shifts were significantly more likely to report falling asleep at the wheel while driving home than employees working other shifts. Discussion Our findings have implications for interventions designed to promote police employee sleep health, quality of life, and worker safety. We urge researchers and practitioners alike to target night shift workers, to help mitigate these risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois James
- College of Nursing, Health Sciences Campus, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lois James,
| | - Stephen James
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Health Sciences Campus, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Loren Atherley
- Performance, Analytics and Research Unit, Seattle Police Department, Seattle, WA, United States
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Min A, Hong HC, Son S, Scott LD. Overtime and alertness of rotating-shift nurses: An observational study using ecological momentary assessment. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:199-207. [PMID: 35034393 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the effect of overtime on alertness at work among rotating-shift nurses in South Korea and to investigate whether these effects of overtime vary across the different types of shifts. BACKGROUND Nurse overtime is prevalent in healthcare settings to manage nursing shortages and staffing needs; however, it negatively affects patient and nurse outcomes. Furthermore, little attention has been paid to the effects of previous overtime shifts and overtime for consecutive shifts on alertness during work. DESIGN A prospective observational study was employed. The study followed STROBE checklist for observational studies. METHODS Data were collected between June 2019 and February 2020 from 82 nurses who worked in acute care hospitals. An ecological momentary assessment was used to capture real-time data of overtime and alertness. Alertness scores were estimated using the sleep/wake data measured by an actigraph. Mixed-effect models were employed to investigate the association between overtime and alertness. RESULTS A majority of the shift nurses worked overtime. Episodes of a decline in alertness scores to the level of increased accident or serious error risk (alertness score ≤80) were most frequently seen during night shifts (98.9%), followed by day (59.8%) and evening shifts (10.1%). Previous-day overtime hours and consecutive overtime days were associated with decreased alertness scores during work. A significantly positive correlation was observed between alertness scores ≤80 and previous-day overtime hours and consecutive overtime days in all shifts. CONCLUSIONS The study findings indicate that a majority of nurses who work overtime experience decreased alertness while on duty. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Policy development at the government, organisational and unit level is needed to guarantee adequate rest for shift nurses by adjusting work schedules and assignments and limiting overtime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Min
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Chong Hong
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungtaek Son
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Linda D Scott
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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15
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Chinoy ED, Cuellar JA, Jameson JT, Markwald RR. Daytime Sleep-Tracking Performance of Four Commercial Wearable Devices During Unrestricted Home Sleep. Nat Sci Sleep 2023; 15:151-164. [PMID: 37032817 PMCID: PMC10075216 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s395732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have found that many commercial wearable devices can accurately track sleep-wake patterns in laboratory or home settings. However, nearly all previous studies tested devices under conditions with fixed time in bed (TIB) and during nighttime sleep episodes only. Despite its relevance to shift workers and others with irregular sleep schedules, it is largely unknown how devices track daytime sleep. Therefore, we tested the sleep-tracking performance of four commercial wearable devices during unrestricted home daytime sleep. Participants and Methods Participants were 16 healthy young adults (6 men, 10 women; 26.6 ± 4.6 years, mean ± SD) with habitual daytime sleep schedules. Participants slept at home for 1 week under unrestricted conditions (ie, self-selecting TIB) using a set of four commercial wearable devices and completed reference sleep logs. Wearables included the Fatigue Science ReadiBand, Fitbit Inspire HR, Oura Ring, and Polar Vantage V Titan. Daytime sleep episode TIB biases and frequencies of missed and false-positive daytime sleep episodes were examined. Results TIB bias was low in general for all devices on most daytime sleep episodes, but some exhibited large biases (eg, >1 h). Total missed daytime sleep episodes were as follows: Fatigue Science: 3.6%; Fitbit: 4.8%; Oura: 6.0%; Polar: 37.3%. Missed episodes occurred most often when TIB was short (eg, naps <4 h). Conclusion When daytime sleep episodes were recorded, the devices generally exhibited similar performance for tracking TIB (ie, most episodes had low bias). However, the devices failed to detect some daytime episodes, which occurred most often when TIB was short, but varied across devices (especially Polar, which missed over one-third of episodes). Findings suggest that accurate daytime sleep tracking is largely achievable with commercial wearable devices. However, performance differences for missed recordings suggest that some devices vary in reliability (especially for naps), but improvements could likely be made with changes to algorithm sensitivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan D Chinoy
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
- Leidos, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joseph A Cuellar
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
- Leidos, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jason T Jameson
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
- Leidos, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rachel R Markwald
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
- Correspondence: Rachel R Markwald, Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA, Tel +1 619 767 4494, Email
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16
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Sugimura N, Sato M, Sumi N, Yano R. Validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the Nursing Performance Instrument. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2022; 20:e12518. [PMID: 36344443 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIM Work performance of nurses is a critical aspect that concerns the safety of both nurses and patients, but also secondarily influences nurses' turnover due to serious fatigue and burnout. Monitoring nursing performance as well as fatigue is important for appropriate safety management of patients and nurses, and the development of a monitoring tool is essential. The Nursing Performance Instrument (NPI) can provide comprehensive and brief monitoring of nursing performance. This study aimed to verify the validity and reliability of a Japanese version of the NPI (NPI-J). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on nurses who work in inpatient care across five Japanese hospitals. We considered appropriate factor numbers with parallel analysis and the Velicer's minimum average partial test. The construct validity was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Pearson's correlation analysis. Cronbach's alpha was calculated for the internal consistency. RESULTS A three-factor model eventually showed acceptable fit indices in the CFA. Moreover, the correlation results among the three factors indicated discriminant validity comparable to the original NPI. The correlation results with acute fatigue, chronic fatigue, and burnout verified convergent validity. Internal consistency was insufficient. CONCLUSION The NPI-J demonstrated acceptable construct validity. This instrument can assess nurses' perceptions of their performance by measuring each item. Future work on the reliability of the sub-concepts will require additional items or reliability testing based on generalizability theory and item response theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naotaka Sugimura
- Graduate School of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Miho Sato
- Faculty of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Naomi Sumi
- Faculty of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Rika Yano
- Faculty of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
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Jabaley T, Bagley J, Beardslee B, Hammer MJ. Ambulatory Oncology Nurses Weigh in About 12-Hour Shifts. J Nurs Adm 2022; 52:491-497. [PMID: 35994604 DOI: 10.1097/nna.0000000000001177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies conducted in hospital settings have associated negative clinical outcomes with 12-hour shifts. Despite this, 12-hour shifts are common in nursing and popular among nurses. Little is known about outcomes associated with 12-hour shifts in ambulatory care settings. OBJECTIVE A mixed-methods, quality improvement project was conducted in a large, ambulatory cancer center to evaluate oncology nursing staff perspectives on 12-hour shift work. METHODS One hundred ambulatory oncology nurses completed surveys and 11 participated in focus group interviews. FINDINGS Nurses expressed predominately positive perspectives about 12-hour shift work in ambulatory oncology care. CONCLUSIONS Ambulatory oncology nurses perceived benefits to quality, safety, and satisfaction for both nurses and patients related to 12-hour shifts. Further evaluation of patient, nurse, and organizational outcomes unique to ambulatory settings is essential for nurse executives in formulating data-driven staffing plans. The incorporation of 12-hour shifts should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri Jabaley
- Author Affiliations: Clinical Inquiry Specialist (Dr Jabaley), Associate Chief Nurse (Ms Bagley), Oncology Nurse Navigator (Mr Beardslee), and Director (Dr Hammer), The Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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Nurses' perceptions of night shifts: A qualitative study. Int Emerg Nurs 2022; 64:101202. [PMID: 36108494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2022.101202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe the experiences and perceptions of emergency nurses regarding the shortening of night shifts and identify aspects of nurses' preferences for night shifts. BACKGROUND Shift work can be associated with distinct physical and psychological disadvantages for nurses, especially night nurses. Knowledge regarding the factors influencing their perceptions of night shifts is limited. METHODS A qualitative description design. Fifteen nurses from the emergency setting with 6 to 14 years of work experience participated in interviews. Semistructured interviews were conducted between November 2018 and March 2019. A thematic analysis was performed for the data analysis. FINDINGS The following three themes emerged: (1) maintaining quality within quantity, (2) maintaining comfort within busyness, and (3) buffering the gap between ideal and reality. CONCLUSIONS Considering work intensity and patient safety, nurses believe that an 8 h night shift is the most suitable length for the emergency department. Long shifts are probably more suitable for other departments with lower night workloads.
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Pilot Test of “NIOSH Training for Law Enforcement on Shift Work and Long Work Hours”. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:599-606. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Merrer J, Chantry AA, Blondel B, Le Ray C, Bonnet MP. No pain management for labour: individual and organisational determinants: A secondary analysis of the 2016 French National Perinatal Survey. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2022; 39:489-497. [PMID: 35608876 DOI: 10.1097/eja.0000000000001682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disparities in access to pain management have been identified in several care settings, such as emergency departments and intensive care units, but with regard to labour analgesia, it remains poorly explored. OBJECTIVES To determine the proportion of women without pain management during labour and its individual and organisational determinants. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a nationwide cross-sectional population-based study, the 2016 French National Perinatal Survey. SETTINGS All maternity units in France. PARTICIPANTS Ten thousand and eleven women who attempted vaginal delivery with a labour duration at least 15 min. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Absence of pain management, defined as absence of any pharmacological or nonpharmacological analgesic method during labour. RESULTS Among the 10 011 women included, 542 (5.4%) had no labour pain management: 318 (3.7%) of the 8526 women who initially preferred to use neuraxial analgesia and 222 (15.8%) of the 1402 who did not. Using generalised estimating equations stratified according to the maternal antenatal preference for neuraxial analgesia, the common determinants of no labour pain management in both groups were no attendance at childbirth education classes and admission to a delivery unit during the night. Among women who initially preferred to use neuraxial analgesia, those who delivered in units with <1500 annual deliveries compared with units with 2000 to 3499 annual deliveries, were more likely to do without pain management [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.96; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39 to 2.78]; among those who did not prefer to use it, women born abroad were more likely to do without labour pain management (adjusted OR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.40). CONCLUSION In France, 1 : 20 women had no labour pain management, and this proportion was three times higher among women who preferred not to use neuraxial analgesia. Enhancing maternal information on labour pain and its management, especially nonpharmacological methods, and rethinking care organisation, could improve access to analgesia of any kind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Merrer
- From the Université de Paris, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS/CRESS/Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), INSERM, INRA (JM, AAC, BB, ClR, M-PB), Midwifery school of Baudelocque, AP-HP, Université de Paris (AAC), Port-Royal Maternity Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Cochin Broca Hôtel-Dieu hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (ClR) and Sorbonne University, GRC 29, DMU DREAM, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (M-PB)
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Dall'Ora C, Ejebu OZ, Griffiths P. Because they're worth it? A discussion paper on the value of 12-h shifts for hospital nursing. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2022; 20:36. [PMID: 35525947 PMCID: PMC9077839 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-022-00731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The organisation of the 24-h day for hospital nurses in two 12-h shifts has been introduced with value propositions of reduced staffing costs, better quality of care, more efficient work organisation, and increased nurse recruitment and retention. While existing reviews consider the impact of 12-h shifts on nurses' wellbeing and performance, this discussion paper aims to specifically shed light on whether the current evidence supports the value propositions around 12-h shifts. We found little evidence of the value propositions being realised. Staffing costs are not reduced with 12-h shifts, and outcomes related to productivity and efficiency, including sickness absence and missed nursing care are negatively affected. Nurses working 12-h shifts do not perform more safely than their counterparts working shorter shifts, with evidence pointing to a likely negative effect on safe care due to increased fatigue and sleepiness. In addition, nurses working 12-h shifts may have access to fewer educational opportunities than nurses working shorter shifts. Despite some nurses preferring 12-h shifts, the literature does not indicate that this shift pattern leads to increased recruitment, with studies reporting that nurses working long shifts are more likely to express intention to leave their job. In conclusion, there is little if any support for the value propositions that were advanced when 12-h shifts were introduced. While 12-h shifts might be here to stay, it is important that the limitations, including reduced productivity and efficiency, are recognised and accepted by those in charge of implementing schedules for hospital nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Dall'Ora
- Innovation Centre, NIHR ARC Wessex, Southampton Science Park, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK.
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Ourega-Zoé Ejebu
- Innovation Centre, NIHR ARC Wessex, Southampton Science Park, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Peter Griffiths
- Innovation Centre, NIHR ARC Wessex, Southampton Science Park, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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22
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Seong J, Son S, Min A. Effect of sleep on alertness at work among fixed night shift nurses: A prospective observational study. J Adv Nurs 2022; 78:3197-3206. [PMID: 35118696 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify patterns of declining alertness at work among fixed night shift nurses using an objective measure and to determine the effect of sleep parameters on the decline in alertness at work. DESIGN A prospective observational study. METHODS Data were collected from 65 fixed night shift nurses who provided direct nursing care for patients in Korean hospitals between September 2020 and March 2021. Participants wore an actigraph for 14 days on their non-dominant hand to measure sleep parameters and predict their hourly alertness scores. They completed an online survey to provide their demographic information. Mixed-effect models were employed to determine the association between sleep parameters and the decline in alertness. RESULTS The alertness scores of fixed night shift nurses constantly dropped every working hour. Scores dropped below 20% after 4 h from the beginning of the shift and below 30% after 6 h. Increased minutes in bed, minutes asleep and sleep efficiency reduced the risk of decreased alertness scores below 70. Increased sleep latency was associated with an increased risk of alertness scores dropping below 70. CONCLUSION The alertness of fixed night shift nurses drops steeply during regular hours and remains low during overtime. Sleep parameters contribute to the decline in alertness at work among fixed night shift nurses. IMPACT This study identified patterns of decline in alertness among fixed night shift nurses and the contributing factors for this decline, using an objective measure. The findings have important implications for the development of future interventions to improve the sleep hygiene of fixed night shift nurses to enhance their alertness at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsol Seong
- Department of Nursing, The Graduate School Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.,The Catholic University of Korea Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungtaek Son
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ari Min
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Silva AF, Dalri RDCDMB, Eckeli AL, Uva ANPDS, Mendes AMDOC, Robazzi MLDCC. Calidad de sueño, variables personales, laborales y estilo de vida de enfermeros de hospital. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5756.3576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumen Objetivo: identificar posibles asociaciones entre la calidad de sueño, las variables personales y laborales y los estilo de vida de los enfermeros de hospital. Método: estudio transversal, exploratorio, correlacional, cuantitativo, realizado de octubre a diciembre de 2019. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante un cuestionario que abordó las características personales, estilo de vida y condiciones de trabajo de los encuestados. Para evaluar la calidad de sueño, se utilizó el Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PCSI), versión en portugués de Brasil. Resultados: participaron 42 profesionales, 31 (73,8%) mujeres, con edad entre 26 y 66 años (media 40,2); el 61,9% trabajaba horas extras; el 26,2% tenía dos vínculos laborales y el 40,5% faltó al trabajo. La calidad de sueño fue considerada buena por el 9,5% de los participantes, mala por el 64,3% y con trastornos del sueño por el 26,2%. El 26,2% de la población que hacía turnos rotativos, calificó la calidad como mala. Los peores resultados se encontraron en la franja etaria de 30 a 39 años y hubo significación estadística en la variable “vive en pareja”. Conclusión: la calidad de sueño de los enfermeros se vio afectada; es necesario monitorear a estos trabajadores, en particular a los que trabajan por turnos, a fin de implementar medidas preventivas que reduzcan los daños a su salud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Fernanda Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brasil
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Silva AF, Dalri RDCDMB, Eckeli AL, Uva ANPDS, Mendes AMDOC, Robazzi MLDCC. Sleep quality, personal and work variables and life habits of hospital nurses. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022; 30:e3577. [PMID: 35584413 PMCID: PMC9109468 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5756.3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to identify the possible associations between sleep quality, personal and work variables and the life habits of hospital nurses. METHOD a cross-sectional, exploratory, correlational and quantitative study, carried out from October to December 2019. The data were collected with the application of a questionnaire that addressed the respondents' personal characteristics, life habits and working conditions. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Brazilian Portuguese version, was used to assess sleep quality. RESULTS the participants were 42 professionals: 31 (73.8%) women, aged between 26 and 66 years old (mean of 40.2); 61.9% worked overtime; 26.2% had two employment contracts and 40.5% had absences from work. Sleep quality was considered good by 9.5% of the participants, poor by 64.3% and categorized as with sleep disorders by 26.2%. In the population that worked rotating shifts, this quality was identified as poor by 26.2%. The worst results were found in the age group from 30 to 39 years old and there was a statistical significance in the "living with a partner" variable. CONCLUSION there was impairment in the nurses' sleep quality and there is a need to monitor these workers, particularly those who work in shifts, in order to provide preventive measures to mitigate the harms to their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Fernanda Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Centro Colaborador da OPAS/OMS para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Enfermagem, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
- Bolsista da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brasil
| | - Rita de Cássia de Marchi Barcellos Dalri
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Centro Colaborador da OPAS/OMS para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Enfermagem, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Alan Luiz Eckeli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz Robazzi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Centro Colaborador da OPAS/OMS para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Enfermagem, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
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Silva AF, Dalri RDCDMB, Eckeli AL, Uva ANPDS, Mendes AMDOC, Robazzi MLDCC. Sleep quality, personal and work variables and life habits of hospital nurses. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022. [PMID: 35584413 PMCID: PMC9109468 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5756.3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective: to identify the possible associations between sleep quality, personal and work variables and the life habits of hospital nurses. Method: a cross-sectional, exploratory, correlational and quantitative study, carried out from October to December 2019. The data were collected with the application of a questionnaire that addressed the respondents’ personal characteristics, life habits and working conditions. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Brazilian Portuguese version, was used to assess sleep quality. Results: the participants were 42 professionals: 31 (73.8%) women, aged between 26 and 66 years old (mean of 40.2); 61.9% worked overtime; 26.2% had two employment contracts and 40.5% had absences from work. Sleep quality was considered good by 9.5% of the participants, poor by 64.3% and categorized as with sleep disorders by 26.2%. In the population that worked rotating shifts, this quality was identified as poor by 26.2%. The worst results were found in the age group from 30 to 39 years old and there was a statistical significance in the “living with a partner” variable. Conclusion: there was impairment in the nurses’ sleep quality and there is a need to monitor these workers, particularly those who work in shifts, in order to provide preventive measures to mitigate the harms to their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Fernanda Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brasil
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Shin S, Kim SH, Jeon B. Objective Assessment of Sleep Patterns among Night-Shift Workers: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413236. [PMID: 34948844 PMCID: PMC8701940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this scoping review of the literature, we identified the types and the parameters of objective measurements to assess sleep patterns among night-shift workers. We conducted a literature search using electronic databases for studies published from 1991 to 2020 and charted and summarized key information. We included 32 studies in the review. Polysomnography was used in 6 studies and wearable sleep detection devices were utilized in 26 studies. The duration of sleep assessment using the wearable devices ranged from 1 day to ≥4 weeks, and more than half of the studies collected data for >2 weeks. The majority of the studies used subjective questionnaires, such as the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, in addition to objective sleep measurements. Total sleep time was the most common parameter, followed by sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency, and time or frequency of being awake. As the utilization of wearable devices to assess the sleep patterns of night-shift workers is expected to increase, further evaluation of device accuracy and precision, optimal data collection period, and key parameters is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghwa Shin
- Department of Nursing, Andong Science College, Kyungpook, Andong 36616, Korea;
| | - Su-Hyun Kim
- College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- Research Institute of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University, Gukchaebosang-ro 680, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-420-4928; Fax: +82-53-421-2758
| | - Bomin Jeon
- College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
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Şahin S, Adegbite WM, Tiryaki Şen H. How do family supportive supervisors affect nurses' thriving: A research before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 35:602-609. [PMID: 34861952 PMCID: PMC8424079 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nurses need psychological resources (supervisor support), as well as formal support from their organizations, which help them combat the demands from work and home and be more thrive at work. Family supportive supervisor behaviors have been demonstrated above and beyond general levels of supervisor support in reducing work-family conflict and improving well-being. In line with this, first aim is to examine the effects of Covid-19 pandemic on nurses' perceived family supportive supervisor behaviors, work-to-family conflict, psychological well-being, and thriving. Second aim is to test the effects of nurses' perceived family supportive supervisor behaviors on their thriving through work-to-family conflict and psychological well-being. This study was designed as cross-sectional and analytical. A total of 511 nurses from Nigeria and Turkey participated in the study. Parametric tests and Structural Equation Analysis were employed to analyze the data. During Covid-19 pandemic, the scores of nurses' perceived family supportive supervisor behaviors and thriving decreased while the scores of their work-to-family conflict increased significantly. Results confirmed the negative effects of Covid-19 pandemic on nurses. Furthermore, results showed that family supportive supervisor behaviors had positive effect on thriving by decreasing work-to-family conflict and increasing psychological well-being. This study is one of the very first study examining the effects of family supportive supervisor behaviors on nurses' work-to-family conflict, psychological well-being and thriving. Results of this study indicate that nurses need family supportive supervisors to be more thrive at work. Therefore, formal family friendly policies and implications improving family supportive supervisor behaviors are recommended in organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiye Şahin
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Healthcare Management, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Waliu Mulero Adegbite
- University of Johannesburg, Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, South Africa
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Min A, Hong HC, Son S, Lee TH. Alertness during working hours among eight-hour rotating-shift nurses: An observational study. J Nurs Scholarsh 2021; 54:403-410. [PMID: 34791773 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to identify the patterns of the decline in the alertness of rotating-shift nurses during working hours across different shift types (day, evening, and night) using an objective measure. DESIGN An observational study using ReadiBand wrist actigraphs was conducted. METHODS Data were collected from June 2019 to February 2020. Participants were rotating-shift nurses (N = 82) who provided direct nursing care for patients in acute care hospitals in South Korea. Nurses wore actigraphs continuously for 14 days on their non-dominant hand to identify sleep-wake cycles and predict their alertness scores hourly. All participants completed a sleep diary. FINDINGS Nurses working during night shifts had lower average alertness scores (mean = 77.12) than nurses working during day (mean = 79.05) and evening (mean = 91.21). Overall, alertness showed a declining trend and the specific patterns of decline differed across shifts. Participants with alertness scores less than 70 or 80 demonstrated a significant decline in alertness across all shifts. CONCLUSIONS Distinct patterns of decline in alertness per nursing shift were revealed. Each shift feature should be considered when developing interventions to increase nurses' alertness, promote high-quality care provision, and ensure patient safety. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The implementation of interventions to increase alertness among shift nurses is needed at the organizational level, and the cooperation of nursing managers and administrators is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Min
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Chong Hong
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungtaek Son
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tae Hee Lee
- Department of Applied Statistics, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Wilson M, Elkins-Brown N, James L, James SM, Stevens K, Butterfield P. Psychometric Evaluation of the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument in a Population of Working Nurses. J Nurs Meas 2021; 30:148-167. [PMID: 34518427 DOI: 10.1891/jnm-d-20-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study explored the psychometric properties of the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument (C-CEI), previously validated for use with nursing students, to assess simulation performance among registered nurses working 12-hour shifts. Valid and reliable measurements are needed to test clinical and simulation competencies and characterize the effects of fatigue on nursing performance. METHODS Trained raters scored nurses' patient care performance in simulation scenarios using the C-CEI. We analyzed the instrument's principal components, internal reliability, and construct validity. RESULTS Internal reliability of the C-CEI aggregate score and the Clinical Decision-making component were high (>.70). The latter robustly correlated with predicted cognitive effectiveness, a measure of fatigue. CONCLUSIONS The C-CEI is a reliable measure for use among registered nurses and its further development will be important for testing performance of working nurses and fatigue-mitigation innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lois James
- Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
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The Effect of Night Duty of Pharmacists on Sleepiness and Concentration at Daytime. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179211. [PMID: 34501801 PMCID: PMC8430755 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The changing responsibilities of pharmacists contribute to a lack of qualified pharmacists to fill vacant positions, particularly in rural areas. Consequently, pharmacy managers cover various duties, including an increasing number of nights being on duty that can impair daytime concentration and performance. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of night duties on daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and concentration abilities of pharmacists. Methods: 22 pharmacists, both sexes, aged 27 to 60 years, were recruited and their sleep time, sleep efficiency, and mobility (actigraphy) were assessed during a night on duty and a control night using an actimetry. Daytime sleepiness and concentration were assessed using standardized questionnaires (ESS, KSS, d2-R). Results: Significant differences were observed between the night shift and control nights with respect to sleep time, sleep efficiency, and mobility. Daytime sleepiness was significantly increased after night shifts (ESS: 11.64 vs. 2.09; KSS: 6.77 vs. 2.41 after a night shift and control night, respectively; p < 0.001) and concentration diminished compared to control nights (d2-R KL: 220.95 vs. 260.36 after a night shift and control night, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results provide evidence that night duties lead to high daytime sleepiness in pharmacists, which in turn may negatively affect their ability to concentrate and their error rate. Existing regulations on emergency pharmacy services should be reconsidered regarding the safety of the pharmaceutical supply.
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Min A, Hong HC, Son S, Lee T. Sleep, fatigue and alertness during working hours among rotating-shift nurses in Korea: An observational study. J Nurs Manag 2021; 29:2647-2657. [PMID: 34351017 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the effects of sleep parameters and fatigue on the decline in alertness of nurses across shifts. BACKGROUND Shift work can lead to nurse fatigue owing to insufficient sleep and inadequate recovery time between shifts. Nurse fatigue has adverse effects on alertness and can affect provision of quality care. METHODS An observational study using wrist actigraphs was conducted from 2019 to 2020. Participants were 82 rotating-shift nurses who provided direct nursing care in acute hospitals in South Korea. They wore actigraphs for 14 days to measure sleep parameters and predict hourly alertness and reported subjective fatigue before and after every shift. RESULTS Nurses demonstrated shorter sleep hours, lower sleep efficiency and longer sleep latency before night shifts compared with other shifts. Fatigue was the highest before day shifts. Sleep parameters and fatigue significantly affected the steep decline in alertness in participants with alertness scores below 70. CONCLUSIONS Sleep parameters and fatigue level contributed to the differences in decline in alertness across shifts. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Findings inform nurse managers, administrators to develop interventions to reduce fatigue, improve sleep quantity and quality and increase alertness among rotating-shift nurses. Management, institutional and individual factors should be considered when developing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Min
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Chong Hong
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungtaek Son
- Clinical Development Division, Celltrion Inc., Incheon, South Korea
| | - Taehee Lee
- Department of Applied Statistics, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Ielapi N, Andreucci M, Bracale UM, Costa D, Bevacqua E, Bitonti A, Mellace S, Buffone G, Candido S, Provenzano M, Serra R. Insomnia Prevalence among Italian Night-Shift Nurses. NURSING REPORTS 2021; 11:530-535. [PMID: 34968328 PMCID: PMC8608071 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep11030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is one of the major health problems related with a decrease in quality of life (QOL) and also in poor functioning in night-shift nurses, that also may negatively affect patients' care. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of insomnia in night shift nurses. This observational online web-based survey using Google®® modules specifically aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for insomnia among Italian nurses. METHODS Data collection for this study lasted one month, with the questionnaire available from 1 March 2021 to 1 April 2021. Continuous variables were considered as either mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR) based on their distribution. Comparison among insomnia categories was assessed by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test according to variable distribution. Categorical variables were analyzed using chi-square test. RESULTS A total of 2355 responses were included in the final analysis, with 917 from the Northern zone, 815 from the Western zone, and 623 from the Southern zone of Italy. The prevalence of insomnia in the overall population was 65.4% (1524 out 2355 nurses suffered from insomnia). CONCLUSIONS Nursing is a high-pressure profession, with heavy duties and high professional risks. We found an important prevalence of insomnia in night shift nurses, and we hope it may help to solicit further studies aimed to identify the risk factors for this working disorder among nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Ielapi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Headquarters: University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.C.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | | | - Davide Costa
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Headquarters: University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.C.); (E.B.)
- Department of Law, Economics and Sociology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Egidio Bevacqua
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Headquarters: University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.C.); (E.B.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | | | - Sabrina Mellace
- Department of Patient’s Service, Civic Health Agency of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Buffone
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Health Agency of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy;
| | - Stefano Candido
- Intensive Care Unit, Pugliese Ciaccio Hospital of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Michele Provenzano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Headquarters: University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.C.); (E.B.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Correspondence: (N.I.); (R.S.)
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Veal BM, Mu CX, Small BJ, Lee S. Subjective cognitive abilities correlate with poor sleep among day-shift and night-shift nurses. J Sleep Res 2021; 30:e13359. [PMID: 33987895 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Experimental studies have shown that sleep deprivation may lead to worse performance on cognitive tests. However, few studies have considered how sleep is associated with perceived cognitive performance in the daily lives of hospital nurses who require high cognitive abilities to deliver high-quality patient care. The current study examined the relationship between sleep and subjective cognition in nurses, and whether the relationship differed by work shift and workdays. Sixty in patient nurses working full-time (M = 35 years; 39 day-shift nurses, 21 night-shift nurses) reported their sleep characteristics and daily subjective cognition using ecological momentary assessment for 14 days. Concurrently, objective sleep characteristics were measured with a sleep actigraphy device for 14 days. Using multilevel modelling, results indicated that at the within-person and between-person level, better sleep quality and higher sleep sufficiency were associated with better subjective cognition at the daily-level and on average. Moderation analyses indicated at the within-person level, better sleep quality and longer time in bed were associated with better next-day cognition; these associations were stronger for night-shift nurses compared with day-shift nurses. At the between-person level, better sleep quality and higher sleep sufficiency were also associated with better subjective cognition overall; these associations were significant for day-shift nurses, but not for night-shift nurses. The sleep-subjective cognition relationships were more apparent on workdays versus non-workdays. Findings suggest that sufficient sleep recovery is important for nurses' reports of daily and overall cognitive functioning. Night-shift nurses' subjective cognitive abilities may be more protected on days following better sleepquality and more sufficient sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britney M Veal
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Christina X Mu
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Brent J Small
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Soomi Lee
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Work and Personal Characteristics Associated With Sleep Behavior Among Acute Care Nurses. JOURNAL OF NURSING REGULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2155-8256(21)00019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Alfonsi V, Scarpelli S, Gorgoni M, Pazzaglia M, Giannini AM, De Gennaro L. Sleep-Related Problems in Night Shift Nurses: Towards an Individualized Interventional Practice. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:644570. [PMID: 33796014 PMCID: PMC8007770 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.644570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotating shifts (mostly 8- or 12-h) are common among nurses to ensure continuity of care. This scheduling system encompasses several adverse health and performance consequences. One of the most injurious effects of night-time shift work is the deterioration of sleep patterns due to both circadian rhythm disruption and increased sleep homeostatic pressure. Sleep problems lead to secondary effects on other aspects of wellbeing and cognitive functioning, increasing the risk of errors and workplace accidents. A wide range of interventions has been proposed to improve the sleep quality of nurses and promote an increase in attention levels. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to individual and environmental factors mediating the subjective ability to cope with sleep deprivation during the night shift. Given the predictive role of these factors on the negative impact of a night shift, an individualized intervention could represent an effective countermeasure by ensuring suitable management of shift schedules. Therefore, the aims of this mini-review are to: (a) provide an updated overview of the literature on sleep problems in night shift nurses and their adverse consequences; and (b) critically analyze the psychosocial factors that mediate the negative impact of shift work with the ultimate goal of defining an effective countermeasure based on an individualized approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Alfonsi
- Body and Action Lab, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Gorgoni
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariella Pazzaglia
- Body and Action Lab, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luigi De Gennaro
- Body and Action Lab, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Han K, Hwang H, Lim E, Jung M, Lee J, Lim E, Lee S, Kim YH, Choi-Kwon S, Baek H. Scheduled Naps Improve Drowsiness and Quality of Nursing Care among 12-Hour Shift Nurses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:891. [PMID: 33498593 PMCID: PMC7908576 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Scheduled naps in the workplace are an effective countermeasure to drowsiness in safety-sensitive industries. This quasi-experimental study with a one-group, pre- and post-test design aimed to examine the effects of scheduled naps on nurses working 12-h shifts. Nurses in two pediatric intensive care units at a tertiary hospital were provided 30-min scheduled nap opportunities during their shifts. A total of 38 nurses completed pre- and post-test work diaries for sleepiness, fatigue, work demands and pace, and quality of nursing care at the end of each shift. The drowsiness of 13 nurses was continuously assessed during their shifts using infrared reflectance oculography. Nurses who reached naps reported improved levels of fatigue on the first night shift and better quality of nursing care the second night and day shifts post-test, while nurses who did not reach naps showed no significant improvements. The oculography successfully assessed drowsiness during 73% and 61% of the pre- and post-test total work hours, respectively. The total cautionary and cautionary or higher levels of drowsiness decreased. Nurse managers should consider scheduled naps in clinical settings to improve nurses' alertness during their shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihye Han
- College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Heejeong Hwang
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.L.); (M.J.); (J.L.); (E.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Eunyoung Lim
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.L.); (M.J.); (J.L.); (E.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Mirang Jung
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.L.); (M.J.); (J.L.); (E.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Jihye Lee
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.L.); (M.J.); (J.L.); (E.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Eunyoung Lim
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.L.); (M.J.); (J.L.); (E.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Sunhee Lee
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.L.); (M.J.); (J.L.); (E.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Yeon-Hee Kim
- Department of Clinical Nursing, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Smi Choi-Kwon
- The Research Institute of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Hyang Baek
- School of Nursing, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
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Shift work in nursing: closing the knowledge gaps and advancing innovation in practice. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 112:103743. [PMID: 32900492 PMCID: PMC7413124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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