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Wang Y, Lai W, Zheng X, Li K, Zhang Y, Pang X, Gao J, Lou Z. Linderae Radix extract attenuates ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155868. [PMID: 39032278 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Linderae Radix (LR), the dried root of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm., is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for thousands of years for promoting Qi circulation, soothing the liver, and treating diarrhea and dysentery. Previous studies have found that ethanol extract of LR plays an anti-ulcerative colitis (UC) role by regulating Th17/ Treg balance. Water extract is the classic clinical application form of LR, but the effect of water extract of LR (LRWE) on UC and its underlying mechanism is still unclear. PURPOSE Purpose: UC is a gastrointestinal disease characterized by intestinal inflammation, mucosal injury, and fibrosis, and it is one of the high-risk factors for colon cancer. However, there is still a lack of remedies with satisfactory effects. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and the potential mechanism of LRWE against UC. METHODS LRWE samples were prepared using a reflux extraction method. Colitis in mice was induced by administering 2.5 % DSS water solution to evaluate the therapeutic effect of LRWE by assessing disease activity score, colon length, and fecal morphology. H&E staining, TEM, Masson staining, and AB-PAS staining were applied to observe histopathological changes in the colon tissues. Differentially expressed genes in colon tissues were analyzed by transcriptomics. Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. The expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-1β, as well as the expression of p-STAT1, p-JAK2, p-STAT3, Bax, and Bcl-2, were detected by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. The expression of occludin, Bcl-2, Bax, and JAK/STAT signaling pathway-related vital proteins were quantified by Western blot (WB). RESULTS LRWE alleviated body weight loss, colon shortening, DAI scores, pathological changes, and ultrastructural features of colon tissue in mice with colitis. It also inhibited the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and increased IL-10 levels. Additionally, it protected the intestinal barrier by upregulating the expression of Occludin and Mucin-2. Mechanistically, LRWE could inhibit the activation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway by reducing the protein expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, p-STAT1, Bcl2, and Bax, thus reducing the inflammatory responses and inhibiting cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION LRWE has a protective effect on DSS-induced UC. This effect is related to the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, the improvement of intestinal inflammation, and the reduction of intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Weizhi Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Xunjie Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Pang
- Gastroenterology Department, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, Taizhou 317200, PR China
| | - Jianli Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
| | - Zhaohuan Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Songyang Institute of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Lishui 323400, PR China.
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Liu X, Xiao H, Luo M, Meng J, Zhong L, Wu T, Zhao Y, Wu F, Xie J. Anti-inflammatory and protective effects of Pimpinella candolleana on ulcerative colitis in rats: a comprehensive study of quality, chemical composition, and molecular mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1328977. [PMID: 38645561 PMCID: PMC11026630 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1328977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: P. candolleana Wight et Arn. Is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used by the Gelao nationality in southwest China, has been historically applied to treat various gastrointestinal disorders. Despite its traditional usage, scientific evidence elucidating its efficacy and mechanisms in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) remains sparse. This study aimed to determine the quality and chemical composition of Pimpinella candolleana and to identify its potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) rats through integrated approaches. Methods: Morphological and microscopic characteristics, thin layer chromatography (TLC) identification, and quantitative analysis of P. candolleana were performed. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, network pharmacology, and molecular docking were used to identify its chemical composition and predict its related targets in UC. Furthermore, a rat model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of P. candolleana on UC. Results: Microscopic identification revealed irregular and radial arrangement of the xylem in P. candolleana, with a light green cross-section and large medullary cells. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis detected and analyzed 570 metabolites, including flavonoids, coumarins, and terpenoids. Network pharmacology identified 12 effective components and 176 target genes, with 96 common targets for P. candolleana-UC, including quercetin, luteolin, and nobiletin as key anti-inflammatory components. GO and KEGG revealed the potential involvement of their targets in RELA, JUN, TNF, IKBKB, PTGS2, and CHUK, with action pathways such as PI3K-Akt, TNF, IL-17, and apoptosis. Molecular docking demonstrated strong affinity and binding between these key components (quercetin, luteolin, and nobiletin) and the key targets of the pathway, including JUN and TNF. Treatment with P. candolleana improved body weight loss, the disease activity index, and colonic histological damage in UC rats. Pimpinella candolleana also modulated the levels of IL-2 and IL-6 in UC rats, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, MAPK8, TNF-α, CHUK, and IKBKB mRNA, and decreased the expression of TNF, IKBKB, JUN, and CHUK proteins in the colon of UC rats, thereby reducing inflammation and alleviating UC symptoms. Conclusion: P. candolleana exerts its protective effect on UC by reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibiting inflammation, providing scientific evidence for its traditional use in treating gastrointestinal diseases. This study highlights the potential of P. candolleana as a natural therapeutic agent for UC and contributes to the development of novel medicines for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hai Xiao
- Maternal and Child Health Carelhospita, Zunyi, China
| | - Mingxia Luo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junpeng Meng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yongxia Zhao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Faming Wu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Guizhou Medical and Health Industry Research Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Guizhou Medical and Health Industry Research Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Huang TQ, Chen YX, Zeng SL, Lin Y, Li F, Jiang ZM, Liu EH. Bergenin Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis By Decreasing Gut Commensal Bacteroides vulgatus-Mediated Elevated Branched-Chain Amino Acids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3606-3621. [PMID: 38324392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is closely associated with the dysregulation of gut microbiota. There is growing evidence that natural products may improve ulcerative colitis by regulating the gut microbiota. In this research, we demonstrated that bergenin, a naturally occurring isocoumarin, significantly ameliorates colitis symptoms in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mice. Transcriptomic analysis and Caco-2 cell assays revealed that bergenin could ameliorate ulcerative colitis by inhibiting TLR4 and regulating NF-κB and mTOR phosphorylation. 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics analyses revealed that bergenin could improve gut microbiota dysbiosis by decreasing branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) levels. BCAA intervention mediated the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway to exacerbate the symptoms of ulcerative colitis in mice. Notably, bergenin greatly decreased the symbiotic bacteria Bacteroides vulgatus (B. vulgatus), and the gavage of B. vulgatus increased BCAA concentrations and aggravated the symptoms of ulcerative colitis in mice. Our findings suggest that gut microbiota-mediated BCAA metabolism plays a vital role in the protective effect of bergenin on ulcerative colitis, providing novel insights for ulcerative colitis prevention through manipulation of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Qing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Su-Ling Zeng
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zheng-Meng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - E-Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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Chang JH, Chuang HC, Fan CK, Hou TY, Chang YC, Lee YL. Norisoboldine exerts antiallergic effects on IgE/ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma and attenuates FcεRI-mediated mast cell activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110473. [PMID: 37331292 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is an inflammatory lung disorder, and mast cells play crucial roles in the development of this allergic disease. Norisoboldine (NOR), the major isoquinoline alkaloid present in Radix Linderae, has received considerable attention because it has anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, the aim of this study was to explore the antiallergic effects of NOR on allergic asthma in mice and mast cell activation. In a murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma, oral administration at 5 mg/kg body weight (BW) of NOR produced strong reductions in serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, airway hyperresponsiveness, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) eosinophilia, while an increase in CD4+Foxp3+ T cells of the spleen was detected. Histological studies demonstrated that NOR treatment significantly ameliorated the progression of airway inflammation including the recruitment of inflammatory cells and mucus production by decreasing levels of histamine, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-13 in BALF. Furthermore, our results revealed that NOR (3 ∼ 30 μM) dose-dependently reduced expression of the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) and the production of PGD2 and inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, and TNF-α), and also decreased degranulation of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) activated by IgE/OVA. In addition, a similar suppressive effect on BMMC activation was observed by inhibition of the FcεRI-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway using SP600125, a selective JNK inhibitor. Collectively, these results suggest that NOR may have therapeutic potential for allergic asthma at least in part through regulating the degranulation and the release of mediators by mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-Hwa Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Kwung Fan
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yun Hou
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Lv Y, Zou Y, Zhang X, Liu B, Peng X, Chu C. A review on the chemical constituents and pharmacological efficacies of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1071276. [PMID: 36726818 PMCID: PMC9884700 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1071276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm. (L. aggregata), which belongs to the genus Lindera in the family Lauraceae, is widely distributed in Asia and the temperate, tropical regions of North America. Its roots and leaves have been used for thousands of years as traditional Chinese medicine and/or functional food. To further explore its underlying nutritional value, this review provided a comprehensive insight into chemical constituents and pharmacological effects on L. aggregata. The phytochemical investigation of different parts of L. aggregata led to the identification of up to 349 components belonging to sesquiterpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, essential oils, and other compounds. Among them, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids are assessed as representative active ingredients of L. aggregata. A wide variety of pharmacological effects of L. aggregata, such as anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-oxidant, have been proved in vitro and in vivo. In summary, this review aims to provide a scientific basis and reference for further research and utilization of L. aggregata and lay the foundation for developing functional foods with potential active ingredients for the prevention and management of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbin Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xindan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingrui Liu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China,*Correspondence: Xin Peng,
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China,Chu Chu,
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Linghu KG, Ma Q, Xiong SH, Zhao M, Chen Q, Xu W, Chen M, Zhang JY, Hu Y, Xu W, Yu H. The “whole ingredients extract” of Astragali Radix improves the symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice through systemic immunomodulation. Chin Med 2022; 17:109. [PMID: 36109750 PMCID: PMC9479389 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00661-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common inflammatory intestinal disease. Astragali Radix (AR) is one of the traditional Chinese medicines used in clinic for UC treatment. In our previous study, the whole ingredient extract (WIE) from AR have been proved to possess better immunomodulatory effects on immunosuppressed mice compared with the conventional water extraction (WAE). In the present study, we further evaluated the therapeutic effects of WIE against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in mice through systemic immune regulation. Methods Gradient solvent extraction has been used to prepare the WIE of AR. The HPLC–MS analysis approach has been employed to analyze and compare the chemical differences between WAE and WIE. UC model was reproduced in 3% DSS-induced C57BL/6 mice for 6 days. Flow cytometric analysis for splenic lymphocyte subset. ELISA kits were used to determine the cytokines in the serum and colon tissues. The histopathological characteristics of colon were evaluated by hematoxylin–eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Results The chemical compositions and the contents of main active ingredients were more abundant and higher in WIE than those in WAE. The WIE treatment altered a better action on reducing colitis disease activity index (DAI) and histological scores, as well as the recovered body weight and increased colon length in mice compared to the WAE group. Additionally, WIE showed better effects in recovering the levels of peripheral white blood cells in blood and cytokines (IL-2, IL-6 and MCP-1) in serum or colon tissues, improving the percentage of CD3+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in the spleen, and inhibiting the spleen enlargement in DSS-induced UC mice. Conclusions WIE has a more complete chemical composition than WAE. Meanwhile, WIE possesses better therapeutic effects on UC through resuming dysfunctional immunity in mice.
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Li C, Wang J, Ma R, Li L, Wu W, Cai D, Lu Q. Natural-derived alkaloids exhibit great potential in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:105972. [PMID: 34758401 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease of colon and rectum with unknown etiology, and the lesions are mainly confined to the mucosa and submucosa of large intestine. The main clinical features of UC include diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody purulent stool and tenesmus, which seriously affect patients' quality of life. Most of UC patients would receive drug therapy with the exception of surgery for some severe cases. However, current drugs for the treatment of UC have certain limitations including difficulty of radical treatment, adverse reactions and drug resistance after long-term use and exorbitant price of some drugs. The research and development of new drugs for the treatment of UC is urgent, and natural alkaloids are an important source. This research paid close attention to the progress of natural alkaloids from diverse medicinal plants for treating UC in the last twenty years. The potential mechanisms for the natural alkaloids in the treatment of UC was closely related to its modulation of oxidative stress, immune response, intestinal flora and improvement of the gut barrier function. Remarkable effectiveness and safety of natural-derived alkaloids make them potential candidates of UC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Runfang Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Luhao Li
- Health Service Center of Dengfeng Street Community, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510091, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Wu
- Laboratory of Herbal Pharmacology, GuangDong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Dake Cai
- Laboratory of Herbal Pharmacology, GuangDong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China.
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Xiu MX, Liu YM, Chen GY, Hu C, Kuang BH. Identifying Hub Genes, Key Pathways and Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics in Pediatric and Adult Ulcerative Colitis by Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:3002-3014. [PMID: 32974809 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In the present study, we investigated the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), pathways and immune cell infiltration characteristics of pediatric and adult ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS We conducted DEG analysis using the microarray dataset GSE87473 containing 19 pediatric and 87 adult UC samples downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using Metascape. We constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the drug-target interaction network of DEGs and identified hub modules and genes using Cytoscape and analyzed immune cell infiltration in pediatric and adult UC using CIBERSORT. RESULTS In total, 1700 DEGs were screened from the dataset. These genes were enriched mainly in inter-cellular items relating to cell junctions, cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton and transmembrane receptor signaling pathways and intra-cellular items relating to the splicing, metabolism and localization of RNA. CDC42, POLR2A, RAC1, PIK3R1, MAPK1 and SRC were identified as hub DEGs. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed higher proportions of naive B cells, resting memory T helper cells, regulatory T cells, monocytes, M0 macrophages and activated mast cells in pediatric UC, along with lower proportions of memory B cells, follicular helper T cells, γδ T cells, M2 macrophages, and activated dendritic cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that hub genes CDC42, POLR2A, RAC1, PIK3R1, MAPK1 and SRC and immune cells including B cells, T cells, monocytes, macrophages and mast cells play vital roles in the pathological differences between pediatric and adult UC and may serve as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xi Xiu
- Medical School of Nanchang University, 603 Bayi Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuan-Meng Liu
- Medical School of Nanchang University, 603 Bayi Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Chen
- Medical School of Nanchang University, 603 Bayi Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cong Hu
- Medical School of Nanchang University, 603 Bayi Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo-Hai Kuang
- Medical School of Nanchang University, 603 Bayi Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Chang Y, Zhai L, Peng J, Wu H, Bian Z, Xiao H. Phytochemicals as regulators of Th17/Treg balance in inflammatory bowel diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111931. [PMID: 34328111 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disorder that is difficult to cure and characterized by periods of relapse. To face the challenges of limited treatment strategies and drawbacks of conventional medications, developing new and promising strategies as well as safe and effective drugs for treatment of IBD has become an urgent demand for clinics. The imbalance of Th17/Treg is a crucial event for the development of IBD, and studies have verified that correcting the imbalance of Th17/Treg is an effective strategy for preventing and treating IBD. Recently, a growing body of studies has indicated that phytochemicals derived from natural products are potent regulators of Th17/Treg, and exert preferable protective benefits against colonic inflammation. In this review, the great potential of anti-colitis agents derived from natural products through targeting Th17/Treg cells and their action mechanisms for the treatment or prevention of IBD in recent research is summarized, which may help further the development of new drugs for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixiang Zhai
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Jiao Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiqiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Haitao Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Synthesis of norisoboldine derivatives and bioactivity assay for inducing the generation of regulatory T cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 37:127844. [PMID: 33556569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used chemical modification to improve the pharmacological activity of norisoboldine (NOR). A new NOR-benzoic acid derivative, named DC-01, showed more potent induction of Treg cell differentiation than NOR. The in vitro effective concentration of DC-01 (1 μM) is about an order of magnitude lower than that of NOR (10 μM). DC-01 (28, 56 mg/kg) showed better amelioration of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice than NOR (20, 40 mg/kg), and DC-01 (28 mg/kg) increased the number of Treg cells slightly better than NOR (20 mg/kg). In summary, DC-01 exerts more potent induction of Treg cell generation, which might be a candidate drug for the treatment of inflammation- and immune-related diseases.
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Zobeiri M, Momtaz S, Parvizi F, Tewari D, Farzaei MH, Nabavi SM. Targeting Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases by Natural Products: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1342-1353. [PMID: 31840607 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666191216122555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An increase in the prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) as a multifactorial intestinal chronic inflammation as well as the absence of a certain cure, has created an innovative era in the management of IBD by molecule/pathway-based anti-inflammatory approaches. There are credible documentations that demonstrate Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) acts as IBD regulator. Upon the activation of MAPK signalling pathway, the transcription and expression of various encoding inflammatory molecules implicated in IBD are altered, thereby exacerbating the inflammation development. The current pharmacological management of IBD, including drug and biological therapies are expensive, possess temporary relief and some adverse effects. In this context, a variety of dietary fruits or medicinal herbs have received worldwide attention versus the development of IBD. Infact, natural ingredients, such as Flavaglines, Fisetin, Myricitrin, Cardamonin, Curcumin, Octacosanol and Mangiferin possess protective and therapeutic effects against IBD via modulation of different segments of MAPK signaling pathway. This review paper calls attention to the role of MAPK signaling triggered by natural products in the prevention and treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Zobeiri
- Internal Medicine Department, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran,Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Parvizi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Devesh Tewari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144 411, India
| | - Mohammad H Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed M Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Yang S, Tan L, Chen Y, Liu A, Hong M, Peng Z. DIM mitigates the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by maintaining the stability and suppressive function of regulatory T cells. Cell Immunol 2020; 358:104238. [PMID: 33137648 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that indoles, dietary ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), have immunomodulatory characteristics of balancing the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Th17 cells in multiple autoimmune diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potency of the indole, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), on the stability and suppressive function of Tregs in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Furthermore, we used the AhR antagonist CH223191 to verify that DIM exerts its effects on Tregs through the activation of AhR. We found that DIM treatment significantly alleviated the severity of EAE by maintaining the stability and suppressive function of Tregs instead of facilitating the differentiation of Tregs. Thus, these DIM-treated Tregs might indirectly inhibit the generation of Th17 cells and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. And we confirmed the critical role of AhR in the EAE model. Our study further investigated the mechanisms by which dietary indoles promote Treg activity in the EAE model. DIM may act as a novel therapeutic to restrain autoimmune inflammation in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Lixi Tan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Linying County, Luohe 462600, China
| | - Aiqun Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Mingfan Hong
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhongxing Peng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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13
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) Ligands as Selective AHR Modulators (SAhRMs). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186654. [PMID: 32932962 PMCID: PMC7555580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was first identified as the intracellular protein that bound and mediated the toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). Subsequent studies show that the AhR plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and in pathophysiology, and there is increasing evidence that the AhR is an important drug target. The AhR binds structurally diverse compounds, including pharmaceuticals, phytochemicals and endogenous biochemicals, some of which may serve as endogenous ligands. Classification of DLCs and non-DLCs based on their persistence (metabolism), toxicities, binding to wild-type/mutant AhR and structural similarities have been reported. This review provides data suggesting that ligands for the AhR are selective AhR modulators (SAhRMs) that exhibit tissue/cell-specific AhR agonist and antagonist activities, and that their functional diversity is similar to selective receptor modulators that target steroid hormone and other nuclear receptors.
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14
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Chen JC. Research progress on regulation of intestinal mucosal barrier of patients with ulcerative colitis with traditional Chinese medicine. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:725-729. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i15.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic intestinal inflammatory disease. Intestinal mucosal barrier structure damage and functional imbalance are important mechanisms for its occurrence and development. Modern research has confirmed that many traditional Chinese medicines have the functions of regulating inflammatory cells, promoting the secretion of immunologically active substances, and maintaining the intestinal microbial ecology. They are of great significance for the maintenance and repair of the intestinal mucosal barrier. This article elaborates the regulatory effect and mechanisms of single compositions of Chinese materia medica and compound prescriptions on the mucosal barrier of patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Chao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated First Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
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15
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Upregulation of microRNA-219-5p relieves ulcerative colitis through balancing the differentiation of Treg/Th17 cells. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 32:813-820. [PMID: 32175983 PMCID: PMC7269018 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the specific regulatory roles of microRNA-219-5p (miR-219-5p) on ulcerative colitis (UC), and reveal the potential mechanisms relating with the differentiation of Treg/Th17 cells. METHODS The mouse model of chronic UC was established by oral administration of 3% dextran sodium sulfate for three cycles. After intravenous injected with lentivirus (LV)-miR-219-5p for 24 h, the disease activity index (DAI), colon length, as well as the serum levels of Interleukin (IL)-6, -17A, -21, and -23 were measured. In addition, the histopathological changes in colon tissues were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin staining. The differentiation of Treg/Th17 cells was detected by Flow cytometry, and the expression of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (RORrt), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and forkhead box p3 (Foxp3) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS MiR-219-5p was downregulated in colonic mucosal tissues of UC mice (P < 0.05). UC mice injected with LV-miR-219-5p exhibited significantly relieved histopathological changes of colon tissues, increased colon length, decreased DAI, as well as decreased serum levels of IL-6, -17A, -21, and -23 (P < 0.05). In addition, the injection of LV-miR-219-5p significantly increased the percentage of Treg cells via upregulating Foxp3, and decreased the percentage of Th17 cells via downregulating RORrt and STAT3 in UC mice (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The upregulation of miR-219-5p relieved the colonic damage and inflammation of UC through balancing the differentiation of Treg/Th17 cells.
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16
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Safe S, Jayaraman A, Chapkin RS. Ah receptor ligands and their impacts on gut resilience: structure-activity effects. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:463-473. [PMID: 32597352 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1773759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) and structurally related halogenated aromatics modulate gene expression and induce biochemical and toxic responses that are mediated by initial binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The AhR also binds structurally diverse compound including pharmaceuticals, endogenous biochemicals, health-promoting phytochemicals, and microbial metabolites. Many of these AhR ligands do not induce TCDD-like toxic responses and some AhR ligands such as microbial metabolites of tryptophan play a role in maintaining gut health and protecting against intestinal inflammation and cancer. Many AhR ligands exhibit tissue- and response-specific AhR agonist or antagonist activities, and act as selective AhR modulators (SAhRMs) and this SAhRM-like activity has also been observed in AhR-ligand-mediated effects in the intestine. This review summarizes studies showing that several AhR ligands including phytochemicals and TCDD protect against dextran sodium sulfate-induced intestinal inflammation. In contrast, AhR ligands such as oxazole compounds enhance intestinal inflammation suggesting that AhR-mediated gut health can be enhanced or decreased by selective AhR modulators and this needs to be considered in development of AhR ligands for therapeutic applications in treating intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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17
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H.pylori Infection Alleviates Acute and Chronic Colitis with the Expansion of Regulatory B Cells in Mice. Inflammation 2020; 42:1611-1621. [PMID: 31377948 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies showed that there was an inverse relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Our previous research indicated that the regulatory immune responses induced by H. pylori infection were not limited to gastric mucosa, and the balance of intestinal mucosal immunity was influenced. In this study, mice were infected with H. pylori SS1, and then colitis was induced by 3% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS), to investigate the role of the regulatory B cells in the effects of H. pylori infection on acute and chronic colitis. In acute and chronic colitis groups, DAI and colonic histological scores reduced significantly and colon length shorted less, the proinflammatory cytokines mRNA expression downregulated in colonic mucosa, and the percentages of CD19+IL-10+Breg cells were higher in the H. pylori/DSS co-treated groups compared with the DSS-treated groups. Our study suggests that H. pylori infection can alleviate the acute and chronic colitis induced by DSS, and CD19+IL-10+Breg cells may play a critical role in the alleviation of acute and chronic colitis following H. pylori infection.
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18
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Lu PD, Zhao YH. Targeting NF-κB pathway for treating ulcerative colitis: comprehensive regulatory characteristics of Chinese medicines. Chin Med 2020; 15:15. [PMID: 32063999 PMCID: PMC7011253 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-0296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a kind of multi-functional nuclear transcription factor involved in regulating gene transcription to influence pathological evolution of inflammatory and immune diseases. Numerous literature evidence that NF-κB pathway plays an essential role in pathogenic development of ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, and until now, therapeutic agents for UC including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids and immune inhibitors still cannot exert satisfied effects on patients. In recent years, Chinese medicines suggest the advantages of alleviating symptoms and signs, decreasing side-effects and recurrence, whose one of mechanisms is related to regulation of NF-κB pathway. In this review, we categorize Chinese medicines according to their traditional therapeutic functions, and summarize the characteristics of Chinese medicines targeting NF-κB pathway in UC treatment. It indicates that 85 kinds of Chinese medicines’ compounds and formulae can directly act on NF-κBp65; while 58 Chinese medicines’ ingredients and formulae indirectly suppress NF-κBp65 by regulation of its upstream or other related pathways. Moreover, by the analysis of Chinese medicines’ category based on their traditional functions, we conclude the category of dampness-drying and detoxificating medicine targeting NF-κB pathway accounts for primary status for amelioration of UC. Simultaneously, this review also contributes to the choices of Chinese medicine category and provides curative potential of Chinese medicines for clinical UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-De Lu
- 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Hua Zhao
- 2State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078 Macao, Special Administrative Region of China
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19
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Huang M, Su J, Lou Z, Xie F, Pan W, Yang Z, Gu L, Xie F, Xu Z, Zhang L, Liu F, Lai H, Zhang L, Lin N. Application of a DSS colitis model in toxicologically assessing norisoboldine. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 30:107-114. [PMID: 31532267 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1669242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In standard nonclinical drug safety evaluation studies, limitations exist in predicting the clinical risk of a drug based only on data from healthy animals. To obtain more comprehensive toxicological information on norisoboldine (NOR), we conducted an exploratory study using C57BL/6 mice in addition to healthy mice as models of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis to evaluate the safety of NOR. The healthy mice and DSS colitis mice were exposed to 30 or 90 mg NOR/kg body weight or water for 15 days. Compared with the model control group, 90 mg/kg of NOR aggravated the symptoms and colonic lesions of the DSS colitis mice and even caused death in two animals. No significant adverse effects were observed in the healthy mice. These different toxic reactions to NOR in the healthy and DSS colitis mice indicate that NOR toxicity varies by status among animals and suggests that the DSS colitis mouse model may be more susceptible, accurate and comprehensive in evaluating the safety of NOR. In conclusion, 90 mg/kg of NOR may be safe for healthy mice but not for DSS colitis mice. The DSS colitis mouse model, with many features similar to those of human colitis patients, may be a novel choice to counteract the deficiencies of using healthy mice to evaluate the safety of anti-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) drugs, and further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mincong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohuan Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Lai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation for New Drugs, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nengming Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Cassels BK, Fuentes-Barros G, Castro-Saavedra S. Boldo, Its Secondary Metabolites and their Derivatives. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083804666181113112928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Boldo leaves (Boldo folium, from Peumus boldus Mol.) are very frequently used as a medicinal herb in Chile and are exported to many countries to be used in teas or as extracts included in herbal remedies, primarily as an aid to digestion and as a mild sedative. Scientific support for these uses is scanty, and boldine, an alkaloid viewed as characteristic of the tree and present in high concentration in the bark, is extracted by specialized companies and sold as the supposed main active constituent. Consequently, boldine has been the subject of a considerable number of research papers, while some of the other alkaloids present to a greater extent in the leaves have been relatively neglected except when found in large amounts in other species. These studies range from assays of antioxidant activity to anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and other medical applications. The essential oil, usually containing a large percentage of the toxic ascaridole, was once used as a vermifuge and is now regarded with caution, but is still of interest as a possible natural insecticide, fungicide, antiparasitic and herbicide. The last decade has seen an explosive increase in papers pointing to possible uses of boldo and its constituents. This review attempts to bring these publications together in a comprehensive way with the purpose of stimulating and orienting further research into the useful properties of this Chilean endemic tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce K. Cassels
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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21
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Abdullah A, Maged M, Hairul-Islam M. I, Osama I. A, Maha H, Manal A, Hamza H. Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling by a novel agonist ameliorates autoimmune encephalomyelitis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215981. [PMID: 31026283 PMCID: PMC6485712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a widespread neurological autoimmune disease that includes episodes of demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS). The accumulated evidence has suggested that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), a ligand-activated transcription factor, is a promising treatment target for MS. Thus, the current study aimed to identify a novel Ahr ligand with anti-inflammatory potential in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods An in silico analysis was carried out to predict interactions between Ahr and potential natural ligands. The effects of a predicted interaction were examined in vitro using CD4+ T cells under T helper17 (Th17) cell-polarizing conditions and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. Silencing Ahr and microRNA (miR)-132 was achieved by electroporation. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 and the adoptive transfer of encephalitogenic CD4+ T cells were used to induce EAE. Results Molecular docking analysis and in vitro data identified gallic acid (GA) as a novel Ahr ligand with potent activation potential. GA induced the expression of Ahr downstream genes, including cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp1a1) and the miR-212/132 cluster, and promoted the formation of the Ahr/Ahr nuclear translocator (Arnt) complex. In vivo, GA-treated mice were resistant to EAE and exhibited reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines and increased levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Furthermore, GA reduced infiltration of CD4+CD45+ T cells and monocytes into the CNS. The anti-inflammatory effects of GA were concomitant with miR-132-potentiated cholinergic anti-inflammation and the regulation of the pathogenic potential of astrocytes and microglia. Inducing EAE by adoptive transfer revealed that CD4+ T cells were not entirely responsible for the ameliorative effects of GA. Conclusion Our findings identify GA as a novel Ahr ligand and provide molecular mechanisms elucidating the ameliorative effects of GA on EAE, suggesting that GA is a potential therapeutic agent to control inflammation in autoimmune diseases such as MS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Astrocytes/pathology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Female
- Gallic Acid/pharmacology
- Gallic Acid/therapeutic use
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Ligands
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Microglia/pathology
- Protein Domains
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/agonists
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/chemistry
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzahrani Abdullah
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Maged
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Zagazig, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Hairul-Islam M.
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alwassil Osama I.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Habash Maha
- College of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan
| | - Alfuwaires Manal
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanieh Hamza
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, Jordan
- Department of Medical Analysis, Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College for Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, Jordan
- * E-mail:
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22
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Peng J, Zheng TT, Li X, Liang Y, Wang LJ, Huang YC, Xiao HT. Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:351. [PMID: 31031622 PMCID: PMC6473079 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of intestinal disorders with self-destructive and chronic inflammation in the digestive tract, requiring long-term medications. However, as many side effects and drug resistance are frequently encountered, safer and more effective agents for IBD treatment are urgently needed. Over the past few decades, a variety of natural alkaloids made of plants or medicinal herbs have attracted considerable interest because of the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; additionally, these alkaloids have been reported to reduce the colonic inflammation and damage in a range of colitic models. In this review paper, we summarize the recent findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and emphasize their therapeutic potential for the treatment of IBD; obvious improvement of the colonic oxidative and pro-inflammatory status, significant preservation of the epithelial barrier function and positive modulation of the gut microbiota are the underlying mechanisms for the plant-derived alkaloids to treat IBD. Further clinical trials and preclinical studies to unravel the molecular mechanism are essential to promote the clinical translation of plant-derived alkaloids for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Druggability for Natural Medicines, Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University–The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Can Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, Orthopaedic Research Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hai-Tao Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Druggability for Natural Medicines, Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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23
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Hossen I, Hua W, Ting L, Mehmood A, Jingyi S, Duoxia X, Yanping C, Hongqing W, Zhipeng G, Kaiqi Z, Fang Y, Junsong X. Phytochemicals and inflammatory bowel disease: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1321-1345. [PMID: 30729797 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1570913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tract is the second largest organ in the body that mainly functions in nutrients and minerals intake through the intestinal barrier. Intestinal permeability maintains the circulation of minerals and nutrients from digested foods. Life and all the metabolic processes depend either directly or indirectly on proper functioning of GI tract. Compromised intestinal permeability and related disorders are common among all the patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is a collective term of inflammatory diseases including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Many synthetic drugs are currently in use to treat IBD such as 5-aminosalicylic acid corticosteroids. However, they all have some drawbacks as long-term use result in many complications. These problems encourage us to look out for alternative medicine. Numerous in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the plant-derived secondary metabolites including phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, alkaloids, terpenoids, oligosaccharides, and quinones could reduce permeability, ameliorate-related dysfunctions with promising results. In addition, many of them could modulate enzymatic activity, suppress the inflammatory transcriptional factors, ease oxidative stress, and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion. In this review, we summarized the phytochemicals, which were proven potent in treating increased intestinal permeability and related complication along with their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imam Hossen
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wu Hua
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China
| | - Luo Ting
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
| | - Song Jingyi
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Duoxia
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
| | - Cao Yanping
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wu Hongqing
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China
| | - Gao Zhipeng
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Kaiqi
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Fang
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Junsong
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing, China
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24
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Zhou Y, Wang L, Qin Y, Chen L, Ge Q, Mao J. A sequential separation of linderane and norisoboldine using supercritical fluid and ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction from Lindera aggregate. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2018.1486425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zhou
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Produces, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liling Wang
- Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchuan Qin
- Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lichun Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Produces, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ge
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Produces, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Mao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Produces, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Wang L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Qi Y, Zong B, Liu M, Li X, Zhang X, Liu C, Cao R, Ma Y. Growth differentiation factor 11 ameliorates experimental colitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G909-G920. [PMID: 30188752 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00159.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) has an anti-inflammatory effect in the mouse model of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, but how GDF11 regulates intestinal inflammation during ulcerative colitis (UC) is poorly defined. The Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-1 containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is closely associated with intestinal inflammation because of its ability to increase IL-1β secretion. Our aim is to determine whether GDF11 has an effect on attenuating experimental colitis in mice. In this study, using a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis mouse model, we reported that GDF11 treatment attenuated loss of body weight, the severity of the disease activity index, shortening of the colon, and histological changes in the colon. GDF11 remarkably suppressed IL-1β secretion and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in colon samples and RAW 264.7 cells, such as the levels of NLRP3 and activated caspase-1. Furthermore, we found that GDF11 inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation by downregulating the Toll-like receptor 4/NF-κB p65 pathway and reactive oxygen species production via the typical Smad2/3 pathway. Thus, our research shows that GDF11 alleviates DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, providing some basis for its potential use in the treatment of UC. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here, we identify a new role for growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), which ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute colitis. Meanwhile, we discover a new phenomenon of GDF11 inhibiting IL-1β secretion and Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-1 containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. These findings reveal that GDF11 is a new potential candidate for the treatment of ulcerative colitis patients with a hyperactive NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanju Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan , China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Yu Qi
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Beibei Zong
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Meichen Liu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Xuefang Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Xingkun Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Chengguo Liu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Run Cao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
| | - Yuanfang Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan , China.,Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng, Henan , China
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26
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Gao Y, Bai D, Zhao Y, Zhu Q, Zhou Y, Li Z, Lu N. LL202 ameliorates colitis against oxidative stress of macrophage by activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10625-10639. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention Department of Basic Medicine School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
| | - Dongsheng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention Department of Basic Medicine School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention Department of Basic Medicine School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
| | - Qin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention Department of Basic Medicine School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
| | - Yihui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention Department of Basic Medicine School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
| | - Na Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention Department of Basic Medicine School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
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27
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Norisoboldine, a natural AhR agonist, promotes Treg differentiation and attenuates colitis via targeting glycolysis and subsequent NAD +/SIRT1/SUV39H1/H3K9me3 signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:258. [PMID: 29449535 PMCID: PMC5833367 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Norisoboldine (NOR), a natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist, has been demonstrated to attenuate ulcerative colitis (UC) and induce the generation of Treg cells. Under UC condition, hypoxia widely exists in colonic mucosa, and secondary changes of microRNAs (miRs) expressions and glycolysis contribute to Treg differentiation. At present, we worked for exploring the deep mechanisms for NOR-promoted Treg differentiation in hypoxia and its subsequent anti-UC action from the angle of AhR/miR or AhR/glycolysis axis. Results showed that NOR promoted Treg differentiation in hypoxia and the effect was stronger relative to normoxia. It activated AhR in CD4+ T cells under hypoxic microenvironment; CH223191 (a specific AhR antagonist) and siAhR-3 abolished NOR-promoted Treg differentiation. Furthermore, the progress of glycolysis, levels of Glut1 and HK2, and expression of miR-31 rather than miR-219 and miR-490 in CD4+ T cells were downregulated by NOR treatment under hypoxic microenvironment. However, HK2 plasmid but not miR-31 mimic significantly interfered NOR-enhanced Treg polarization. In addition, NOR reduced NAD+ and SIRT1 levels, facilitated the ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of SUV39H1 protein, and inhibited the enrichment of H3K9me3 at -1, 201 to -1,500 region of Foxp3 promoter in CD4+ T cells under hypoxic microenvironment, which was weakened by HK2 plasmid, CH223191, and siAhR-3. Finally, the correlation between NOR-mediated activation of AhR, repression of glycolysis, regulation of NAD+/SIRT1/SUV39H1/H3K9me3 signals, induction of Treg cells, and remission of colitis was confirmed in mice with DSS-induced colitis by using CH223191 and HK2 plasmid. In conclusion, NOR promoted Treg differentiation and then alleviated the development of colitis by regulating AhR/glycolysis axis and subsequent NAD+/SIRT1/SUV39H1/H3K9me3 signaling pathway.
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28
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Shao J, Liu Z, Wang L, Song Z, Chang H, Han N, Yin J. Screening of the optimized prescription from Suqingwan in terms of its therapeutic effect on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by its regulation of inflammatory and oxidative mediators. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 202:54-62. [PMID: 28284792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Suqingwan (SQW), a traditional Chinese medicine used for treating ulcerative colitis (UC), is composed of 13 kinds of Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). According to TCM theory, we investigated whether a simplified prescription composed of the herbs with some functions, would have similar effects to SQW and examined its potential treatment mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS We categorized the herbs in SQW into four groups according to their traditional functions and used an orthogonal experimental design to obtain nine separated prescriptions (SPs) of SQW. A dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mouse model was used to evaluate the anti-ulcer colitis effects of the nine SPs and the calculated prescription (CP) was obtained based on the orthogonal t values of the disease activity index (DAI) of the nine SPs. The effect of the CP and SP8 were verified in the DSS-induced UC model, and the DAI and histopathology of the UC mice were examined. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10 of the mice in SP8 were investigated to explore the mechanism of action of the optimized prescription with regard to anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation effects. RESULTS Among the 9 SPs, separate prescription 6, 7 and 8 (SP6, SP7 and SP8) and the SQW formulation all significantly reduced the DAI of the UC mice and, in particular, SP8 had an effect similar to SQW, which consists of Sanguisorba officinalis L., Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. and four other herbal medicines. In a further investigation, SP8 was found to improve the ulcerative colitis in mice in terms of both clinical symptoms and histopathology. The mortality of mice in the SP8 group was 33.3%, better than CP based on the orthogonal t values (83.3%). SP8 could also reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MPO and MDA and increase the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in colon tissue of UC mice in comparison with those of the model group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS An optimized prescription (SP8) from SQW was obtained based on an orthogonal experimental design, which involved 6 herbal medicines, with significantly fewer herbs than in the original prescription. SP8 displayed a similar anti-ulcerative colitis activity to SQW, and its in vivo mechanism of action is related to up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory and oxidative factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Shao
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zehai Song
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hang Chang
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Na Han
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jun Yin
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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29
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Yu L, Yan J, Sun Z. D-limonene exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in an ulcerative colitis rat model via regulation of iNOS, COX-2, PGE2 and ERK signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2339-2346. [PMID: 28260017 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
D-limonene has been demonstrated to have important immunomodulatory properties, including antitumor effects, and may alleviate asthma and allergies. In the present study, the anti‑inflammatory effects of D‑limonene were investigated in an ulcerative colitis (UC) rat model. Healthy male Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, untreated UC, and treatment with 50 or 100 mg/kg D‑limonene UC groups. In UC rats, disease activity and colonic mucosa damage were significantly reduced by the anti‑inflammatory effects of D‑limonene, via suppression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and ‑9 gene expression. In addition, treatment with D‑limonene significantly increased antioxidant, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) protein expression levels in UC rats. A decrease in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) gene expression and an increase phosphorylated‑extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 expression levelswere observed in UC rats treated with D‑limonene. In conclusion, D‑limonene reduced MMP‑2 and ‑9 mRNA expression levels via regulation of the iNOS, COX‑2, PGE2, TGF‑β and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in a UC rat model, indicating its potential antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguang Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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