1
|
Liu T, Woodruff PG, Zhou X. Advances in non-type 2 severe asthma: from molecular insights to novel treatment strategies. Eur Respir J 2024; 64:2300826. [PMID: 38697650 PMCID: PMC11325267 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00826-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a prevalent pulmonary disease that affects more than 300 million people worldwide and imposes a substantial economic burden. While medication can effectively control symptoms in some patients, severe asthma attacks, driven by airway inflammation induced by environmental and infectious exposures, continue to be a major cause of asthma-related mortality. Heterogeneous phenotypes of asthma include type 2 (T2) and non-T2 asthma. Non-T2 asthma is often observed in patients with severe and/or steroid-resistant asthma. This review covers the molecular mechanisms, clinical phenotypes, causes and promising treatments of non-T2 severe asthma. Specifically, we discuss the signalling pathways for non-T2 asthma including the activation of inflammasomes, interferon responses and interleukin-17 pathways, and their contributions to the subtypes, progression and severity of non-T2 asthma. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and genetic determinants underlying non-T2 asthma could form the basis for precision medicine in severe asthma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu JB, Qian XJ, Wu Y, Jie XY, Jiang P. Effect of different inhalant allergens on T-cell subsets in adults with bronchial asthma. J Asthma 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38828898 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2363942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We analyzed the impact of different inhalant allergens on T-lymphocyte subsets in patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma. METHODS The study included 57 bronchial asthma patients and 22 healthy controls. Asthma patients were categorized into dust mite, animal hair, pollen, and mold groups. Flow cytometry was used to measure the cells in the case group and control group. These T-lymphocyte subset markers were evaluated among patients with bronchial asthma caused by different allergens as well as between the case group and control group. RESULTS Peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD4/CD8 ratio, and Th17/Treg ratios were all higher in the case group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets were compared among the four groups, and it was found that there were statistical differences in the Th17/Treg ratio among the four groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences observed among the four groups in terms of CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells, Treg cells, Th9 cells, and Th22 cells. Further pairwise comparison was made, and the results suggested that the peripheral blood Th17/Treg ratio in the pollen mixed group was lower than that in the dust mite mixed group, animal hair mixed group, and mold mixed group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with bronchial asthma show varied T-lymphocyte subset responses to different inhalant allergens. Elevated CD4+ T cells and Th17 cells in peripheral blood could indicate asthma risk. However, small sample size may introduce bias to these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Bo Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Qian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Yan Jie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu X, Li L, Cai B, Zhang W, Liu Q, Li N, Shi X, Yu L, Chen R, Qiu C. Single-cell analysis reveals alterations in cellular composition and cell-cell communication associated with airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. Respir Res 2024; 25:76. [PMID: 38317239 PMCID: PMC10845530 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling, whose pathogenetic complexity was associated with abnormal responses of various cell types in the lung. The specific interactions between immune and stromal cells, crucial for asthma pathogenesis, remain unclear. This study aims to determine the key cell types and their pathological mechanisms in asthma through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). METHODS A 16-week mouse model of house dust mite (HDM) induced asthma (n = 3) and controls (n = 3) were profiled with scRNA-seq. The cellular composition and gene expression profiles were assessed by bioinformatic analyses, including cell enrichment analysis, trajectory analysis, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Cell-cell communication analysis was employed to investigate the ligand-receptor interactions. RESULTS The asthma model results in airway inflammation coupled with airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness. Single-cell analysis revealed notable changes in cell compositions and heterogeneities associated with airway inflammation and remodeling. GdT17 cells were identified to be a primary cellular source of IL-17, related to inflammatory exacerbation, while a subpopulation of alveolar macrophages exhibited numerous significantly up-regulated genes involved in multiple pathways related to neutrophil activities in asthma. A distinct fibroblast subpopulation, marked by elevated expression levels of numerous contractile genes and their regulators, was observed in increased airway smooth muscle layer by immunofluorescence analysis. Asthmatic stromal-immune cell communication significantly strengthened, particularly involving GdT17 cells, and macrophages interacting with fibroblasts. CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling was remarkedly up-regulated in asthma, predominantly bridging the interaction between fibroblasts and immune cell populations. Fibroblasts and macrophages could jointly interact with various immune cell subpopulations via the CCL8/CCR2 signaling. In particular, fibroblast-macrophage cell circuits played a crucial role in the development of airway inflammation and remodeling through IL1B paracrine signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our study established a mouse model of asthma that recapitulated key pathological features of asthma. ScRNA-seq analysis revealed the cellular landscape, highlighting key pathological cell populations associated with asthma pathogenesis. Cell-cell communication analysis identified the crucial ligand-receptor interactions contributing to airway inflammation and remodeling. Our findings emphasized the significance of cell-cell communication in bridging the possible causality between airway inflammation and remodeling, providing valuable hints for therapeutic strategies for asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Lifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Bicheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Li Yu
- Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, LongGang District, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| | - Chen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Etherington MS, Hanna AN, Medina BD, Liu M, Tieniber AD, Kwak HV, Tardy KJ, Levin L, Do KJ, Rossi F, Zeng S, DeMatteo RP. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition Activates Intratumoral γδ T Cells in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:107-119. [PMID: 37922405 PMCID: PMC10842124 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
γδ T cells are a rare but potent subset of T cells with pleiotropic functions. They commonly reside within tumors but the response of γδ T cells to tyrosine kinase inhibition is unknown. To address this, we studied a genetically engineered mouse model of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) driven by oncogenic Kit signaling that responds to the Kit inhibitor imatinib. At baseline, γδ T cells were antitumoral, as blockade of either γδ T-cell receptor or IL17A increased tumor weight and decreased antitumor immunity. However, imatinib therapy further stimulated intratumoral γδ T cells, as determined by flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Imatinib expanded a highly activated γδ T-cell subset with increased IL17A production and higher expression of immune checkpoints and cytolytic effector molecules. Consistent with the mouse model, γδ T cells produced IL17A in fresh human GIST specimens, and imatinib treatment increased γδ T-cell gene signatures, as measured by bulk tumor RNA-seq. Furthermore, tumor γδ T cells correlated with survival in patients with GIST. Our findings highlight the interplay between tumor cell oncogene signaling and antitumor immune responses and identify γδ T cells as targets for immunotherapy in GIST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Etherington
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew N Hanna
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin D Medina
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew D Tieniber
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hyunjee V Kwak
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine J Tardy
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lillian Levin
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin J Do
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ferdinando Rossi
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shan Zeng
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ronald P DeMatteo
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yi MH, Kim M, Yong TS, Kim JY. Investigating the microbiome of house dust mites in South Korea. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1240727. [PMID: 37655177 PMCID: PMC10466795 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1240727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the house dust mites (HDMs) microbiome is crucial due to its potential effects on the development of allergic diseases. In 1998, our laboratory collected Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus from beds in a Korean household and began cultivating these HDMs. Our laboratory has been actively investigating several topics about HDMs in recent years, including the bacterial and fungal microbiome and their interactions, as well as the impact of the HDM microbiome on airway inflammation. To study the D. farinae microbiome, we employed high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rDNA amplicons. The results revealed that the two most abundant bacteria were Enterococcus faecalis and Bartonella spp. In contrast, we found almost no bacteria in D. pteronyssinus. By inoculating bacteria to HDMs, we found that D. farinae is more susceptible to bacteria than D. pteronyssinus. This susceptibility was associated with the presence of certain fungal species in D. pteronyssinus. Additionally, we have recently made efforts to produce HDMs with reduced levels of symbiotic bacteria. We believe that standardizing and controlling the microbiome in HDMs are crucial steps for the future development and improvement of allergic immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Du J, Liu Y, Luo Z, Guo L, Xu J, Jia L, Liu Y. γδT cells in oral tissue immune surveillance and pathology. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1050030. [PMID: 36703983 PMCID: PMC9871479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1050030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral mucosa's immune system is composed of tissue-resident and specifically recruited leukocytes that could effectively tolerate a wide range of microbial and mechanical assaults. Shortly after CD4+ helper T cells (TH17 cells) that produce interleukin 17 (IL-17) were identified, it was discovered that γδT cells could also induce substantial levels of this pro-inflammatory cytokine. In the past decades, it has become clear that due to a complicated thymic program of development, γδT cells frequently serve as the primary sources of IL-17 in numerous models of inflammatory diseases while also assisting in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis in the skin and intestine. But it wasn't until recently that we took thorough insight into the complex features of γδT cells in the oral mucosa. Most gingival intraepithelial γδT cells reside in the junctional epithelium adjacent to the dental biofilm, suggesting their potential role in regulating oral microbiota. However, inconsistent results have been published in this regard. Similarly, recent findings showed contradictory data about the role of γδT lymphocytes in experimental periodontitis based on different models. In addition, conflicting findings were presented in terms of alveolar bone physiology and pathology underlying the oral mucosa. This review provided an overview of current knowledge and viewpoints regarding the complex roles played by oral-resident γδT cells in host-microbiota interactions, gingivitis and periodontitis, bone physiology and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Chen
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junji Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Jia
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lu Jia, ; Yi Liu,
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lu Jia, ; Yi Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Garbers C, Rose-John S. Dissecting Interleukin-6 Classic and Trans-signaling in Inflammation and Cancer. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2691:207-224. [PMID: 37355548 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3331-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine synthesized by many cells in the human body. IL-6 binds to a membrane-bound receptor (IL-6R), which is only present on hepatocytes, some epithelial cells, and some leukocytes. The complex of IL-6 and IL-6R binds to the ubiquitously expressed receptor subunit gp130, which forms a homodimer and thereby initiates intracellular signaling, e.g., the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways. Proteases can cleave the membrane-bound IL-6R from the cell surface and generate a soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R), which retains its ability to bind IL-6. The IL-6/sIL-6R complex associates with gp130 and induces signaling even on cells which do not express the IL-6R. This paradigm has been called IL-6 trans-signaling, whereas signaling via the membrane-bound IL-6R is referred to as classic signaling. We have generated several molecular tools to differentiate between both pathways and to analyze the consequences of cellular IL-6 signaling in vivo. One of these tools is soluble gp130Fc, which selectively inhibits IL-6 trans-signaling. This protein under the WHO name Olamkicept has successfully undergone phase II clinical trials in patients with autoimmune diseases. Here, in this chapter, we describe several molecular tools to differentiate between IL-6 classic and trans-signaling and to analyze the consequences of cellular IL-6 signaling in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Garbers
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC:I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu ED, Wang E, Garrigan E, Sutherland A, Khalil N, Kearns K, Pham J, Schulten V, Peters B, Frazier A, Sette A, da Silva Antunes R. Ex vivo assays show human gamma-delta T cells specific for common allergens are Th1-polarized in allergic donors. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100350. [PMID: 36590684 PMCID: PMC9795325 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells contribute to the pathology of many immune-related diseases; however, no ex vivo assays to study their activities are currently available. Here, we established a methodology to characterize human allergen-reactive γδ T cells in peripheral blood using an activation-induced marker assay targeting upregulated 4-1BB and CD69 expression. Broad and reproducible ex vivo allergen-reactive γδ T cell responses were detected in donors sensitized to mouse, cockroach, house dust mite, and timothy grass, but the response did not differ from that in non-allergic participants. The reactivity to 4 different allergen extracts was readily detected in 54.2%-100% of allergic subjects in a donor- and allergen-specific pattern and was abrogated by T cell receptor (TCR) blocking. Analysis of CD40L upregulation and intracellular cytokine staining revealed a T helper type 1 (Th1)-polarized response against mouse and cockroach extract stimulation. These results support the existence of allergen-reactive γδ T cells and their potential use in rebalancing dysregulated Th2 responses in allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Dawen Yu
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric Wang
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Emily Garrigan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Aaron Sutherland
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Natalie Khalil
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kendall Kearns
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - John Pham
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Veronique Schulten
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bjoern Peters
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - April Frazier
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ricardo da Silva Antunes
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Urrutia-Pereira M, Chong-Neto HJ, Annesi Maesano I, Ansotegui IJ, Caraballo L, Cecchi L, Galán C, López JF, Aguttes MM, Peden D, Pomés A, Zakzuk J, Rosário Filho NA, D'Amato G. Environmental contributions to the interactions of COVID-19 and asthma: A secondary publication and update. World Allergy Organ J 2022; 15:100686. [PMID: 35966894 PMCID: PMC9359502 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and quickly spread around the world. Current evidence is contradictory on the association of asthma with COVID-19 and associated severe outcomes. Type 2 inflammation may reduce the risk for severe COVID-19. Whether asthma diagnosis may be a risk factor for severe COVID-19, especially for those with severe disease or non-allergic phenotypes, deserves further attention and clarification. In addition, COVID-19 does not appear to provoke asthma exacerbations, and asthma therapeutics should be continued for patients with exposure to COVID-19. Changes in the intensity of pollinization, an earlier start and extension of the pollinating season, and the increase in production and allergenicity of pollen are known direct effects that air pollution has on physical, chemical, and biological properties of the pollen grains. They are influenced and triggered by meteorological variables that could partially explain the effect on COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is capable of persisting in the environment and can be transported by bioaerosols which can further influence its transmission rate and seasonality. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the behavior of adults and children globally. A general trend during the pandemic has been human isolation indoors due to school lockdowns and loss of job or implementation of virtual work at home. A consequence of this behavior change would presumably be changes in indoor allergen exposures and reduction of inhaled outdoor allergens. Therefore, lockdowns during the pandemic might have improved some specific allergies, while worsening others, depending on the housing conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Herberto Jose Chong-Neto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Isabella Annesi Maesano
- French NIH (INSERM), and EPAR Department, IPLESP, INSERM and Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | | | - Luis Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Lorenzo Cecchi
- Centre of Bioclimatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- SOS Allergy and Clinical Immunology, USL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy
| | - Carmen Galán
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, International Campus of Excellence on Agrifood (ceiA3), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Felipe López
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | - David Peden
- UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Anna Pomés
- Basic Research, Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Josefina Zakzuk
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | - Gennaro D'Amato
- Division of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, High Specialty Hospital A. Cardarelli, School of Specialization in Respiratory Diseases, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular antibodies (mAb) targeting inflammatory mediators are effective in T2-high asthma. The recent approval of Tezepelumab presents a novel mAb therapeutic option to those with T2-low asthma. AREAS COVERED We discuss a number of clinical problems pertinent to severe asthma which are less responsive to current therapies, such as persistent airflow obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness. We discuss selected investigational approaches, including a number of candidate therapies under investigation in two adaptive platform trials currently in progress, with particular reference to this unmet need, as well as their potential in phenotypes such as neutrophilic asthma and obese asthma, which may or may not overlap with a T2-high phenotype. EXPERT OPINION The application of discrete targeting approaches to T2-low molecular phenotypes, including those phenotypes in which inflammation may not arise within the airway, has yielded variable results to date. Endotypes associated with T2-low asthma are likely to be diverse but await validation. Investigational therapeutic approaches must, likewise, be diverse if the goal of remission is to become attainable for all those living with asthma.
Collapse
|
11
|
Somayaji R, Chalmers JD. Just breathe: a review of sex and gender in chronic lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2022; 31:31/163/210111. [PMID: 35022256 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0111-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases are the third leading cause of death worldwide and are increasing in prevalence over time. Although much of our traditional understanding of health and disease is derived from study of the male of the species - be it animal or human - there is increasing evidence that sex and gender contribute to differences in disease risk, prevalence, presentation, severity, treatment approach, response and outcomes. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and bronchiectasis represent the most prevalent and studied chronic lung diseases and have key sex- and gender-based differences which are critical to consider and incorporate into clinical and research approaches. Mechanistic differences present opportunities for therapeutic development whereas behavioural and clinical differences on the part of patients and providers present opportunities for greater education and understanding at multiple levels. In this review, we seek to summarise the sex- and gender-based differences in key chronic lung diseases and outline the clinical and research implications for stakeholders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjani Somayaji
- Dept of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada .,Dept of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Dept of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - James D Chalmers
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Adikusuma W, Chou WH, Lin MR, Ting J, Irham LM, Perwitasari DA, Chang WP, Chang WC. Identification of Druggable Genes for Asthma by Integrated Genomic Network Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010113. [PMID: 35052792 PMCID: PMC8773254 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common and heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Currently, the two main types of asthma medicines are inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists (LABAs). In addition, biological drugs provide another therapeutic option, especially for patients with severe asthma. However, these drugs were less effective in preventing severe asthma exacerbation, and other drug options are still limited. Herein, we extracted asthma-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) catalog and prioritized candidate genes through five functional annotations. Genes enriched in more than two categories were defined as “biological asthma risk genes.” Then, DrugBank was used to match target genes with FDA-approved medications and identify candidate drugs for asthma. We discovered 139 biological asthma risk genes and identified 64 drugs targeting 22 of these genes. Seven of them were approved for asthma, including reslizumab, mepolizumab, theophylline, dyphylline, aminophylline, oxtriphylline, and enprofylline. We also found 17 drugs with clinical or preclinical evidence in treating asthma. In addition, eleven of the 40 candidate drugs were further identified as promising asthma therapy. Noteworthy, IL6R is considered a target for asthma drug repurposing based on its high target scores. Through in silico drug repurposing approach, we identified sarilumab and satralizumab as the most promising drug for asthma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wirawan Adikusuma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Mataram, Mataram 83127, Indonesia
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Min-Rou Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Jafit Ting
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Lalu Muhammad Irham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55164, Indonesia; (L.M.I.); (D.A.P.)
| | - Dyah Aryani Perwitasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55164, Indonesia; (L.M.I.); (D.A.P.)
| | - Wei-Pin Chang
- School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-P.C.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-P.C.); (W.-C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen S, Chen Z, Deng Y, Zha S, Yu L, Li D, Liang Z, Yang K, Liu S, Chen R. Prevention of IL-6 signaling ameliorates toluene diisocyanate-induced steroid-resistant asthma. Allergol Int 2022; 71:73-82. [PMID: 34332882 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicated the crucial role for interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling in the development of allergic asthma. Yet, the role of IL-6 signaling in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced mixed granulocytic airway inflammation still remains unclear. Thus, the aims of this study were to dissect the role of IL-6 signaling and to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab on TDI-induced steroid-resistant asthma. METHODS TDI-induced asthma model was prepared and asthmatic mice were respectively given IL-6 monoclonal antibody, IL-6R monoclonal antibody (tocilizumab, 5 mg/kg, i.p. after each challenge) for therapeutic purposes or isotype IgG as control. RESULTS TDI exposure just elevated IL-6R expression in the infiltrated inflammatory cells around the airway, but increased glycoprotein 130 expression in the whole lung, especially in bronchial epithelium. Moreover, TDI inhalation increased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, coupled with mixed granulocytic inflammation, exaggerated epithelial denudation, airway smooth muscle thickening, goblet cell metaplasia, extensive submucosal collagen deposition, dysregulated Th2/Th17 responses, as well as innate immune responses and raised serum IgE. And almost all these responses except for raised serum IgE were markedly ameliorated by the administration of IL-6 neutralizing antibody or tocilizumab, but exhibited poor response to systemic steroid treatment. Also, TDI challenge induced nucleocytoplasm translocation of HMGB1 and promoted its release in the BALF, as well as elevated lung level of STAT3 phosphorylation, which were inhibited by anti-IL-6 and anti-IL-6R treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that IL-6 monoclonal antibody and tocilizumab might effectively abrogate TDI-induced airway inflammation and remodeling, which could be used as a clinical potential therapy for patients with severe asthma.
Collapse
|
14
|
Bich TCT, Quoc QL, Choi Y, Yang EM, Trinh HKT, Shin YS, Park HS. Serum Amyloid A1: A Biomarker for Neutrophilic Airway Inflammation in Adult Asthmatic Patients. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022; 14:40-58. [PMID: 34983106 PMCID: PMC8724823 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2022.14.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We evaluated the role of serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation according to the phenotype of asthma. Methods One hundred twenty-two asthmatic patients and 60 healthy control subjects (HCs) were enrolled to measure SAA1 levels. The production of SAA1 from airway epithelial cells (AECs) and its effects on macrophages and neutrophils were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results The SAA1 levels were significantly higher in sera of asthmatic patients than in those of HCs (P = 0.014); among asthmatics, patients with neutrophilic asthma (NA) showed significantly higher SAA1 levels than those with non-NA (P < 0.001). In vitro, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I-C) treatment markedly enhanced the production of SAA1 from AECs, which was further augmented by neutrophils; SAA1 could induce the production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 from AECs. Additionally, SAA1 activated neutrophils and macrophages isolated from peripheral blood of asthmatics, releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and secreting proinflammatory cytokines presenting M1 phenotype, respectively. In ovalbumin-induced asthma mice, Poly I-C treatment significantly increased SAA1 levels as well as IL-17A/interferon-gamma/IL-33 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), leading to airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. The highest levels of SAA1 and neutrophilia were noted in the BALF and sera of the NA mouse model, followed by the mixed granulocytic asthma (MA) model. Especially, SAA1 induced IL-17/retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt expression from activated CD4+ T lymphocytes in asthmatic mice. Conclusions The results show that SAA1 could induce neutrophilic airway inflammation by activating neutrophils along with NET formation, M1 macrophages, and Th2/Th17 predominant cells, contributing to the phenotype of NA or MA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tra Cao Thi Bich
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Quang Luu Quoc
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Youngwoo Choi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Yang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Yoo Seob Shin
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kadowaki M, Sato K, Kamio H, Kumagai M, Sato R, Nyui T, Umeda Y, Waseda Y, Anzai M, Aoki-Saito H, Koga Y, Hisada T, Tomura H, Okajima F, Ishizuka T. Metal-Stimulated Interleukin-6 Production Through a Proton-Sensing Receptor, Ovarian Cancer G Protein-Coupled Receptor 1, in Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells: A Response Inhibited by Dexamethasone. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:7021-7034. [PMID: 34955648 PMCID: PMC8694576 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s326964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human bronchial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs) contribute to airway obstruction and hyperresponsiveness in patients with bronchial asthma. BSMCs also generate cytokines and matricellular proteins in response to extracellular acidification through the ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1). Cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) are occupational agents, which cause occupational asthma. We examined the effects of Co and Ni on interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion by human BSMCs because these metals may act as ligands of OGR1. Methods Human BSMCs were incubated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (0.1% BSA-DMEM) for 16 hours and stimulated for the indicated time by exchanging the medium with 0.1% BSA-DMEM containing any of the metals or pH-adjusted 0.1% BSA-DMEM. IL-6 mRNA expression was quantified via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the real-time TaqMan technology. IL-6 was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dexamethasone (DEX) was added 30 minutes before each stimulation. To knock down the expression of OGR1 in BSMCs, small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting OGR1 (OGR1-siRNA) was transfected to the cells and non-targeting siRNA (NT-siRNA) was used as a control. Results Co and Ni both significantly increased IL-6 secretion in human BSMCs at 300 μM. This significant increase in IL-6 mRNA expression was observed 5 hours after stimulation. BSMCs transfected with OGR1-siRNA produced less IL-6 than BSMCs transfected with NT-siRNA in response to either Co or Ni stimulation. DEX inhibited Co- and Ni-stimulated IL-6 secretion by human BSMCs as well as pH 6.3-stimulated IL-6 secretion in a dose-dependent manner. DEX did not decrease phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAP kinase, and NF-κB p65 induced by either Co or Ni stimulation. Conclusion Co and Ni induce secretion of IL-6 in human BSMCs through activation of OGR1. Co- and Ni-stimulated IL-6 secretion is inhibited by DEX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Kadowaki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebeshi, 371-8512, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kamio
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, Aomori, 030-0943, Japan
| | - Makoto Kumagai
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, Aomori, 030-0943, Japan
| | - Rikishi Sato
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, Aomori, 030-0943, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nyui
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, Aomori, 030-0943, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Umeda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yuko Waseda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Masaki Anzai
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Haruka Aoki-Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebeshi, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Koga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebeshi, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hisada
- Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Maebeshi, 371-8514, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tomura
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling Regulation, Division of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Okajima
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, Aomori, 030-0943, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Ishizuka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Werder RB, Ullah MA, Rahman MM, Simpson J, Lynch JP, Collinson N, Rittchen S, Rashid RB, Sikder MAA, Handoko HY, Curren BF, Sebina I, Hartel G, Bissell A, Ngo S, Yarlagadda T, Hasnain SZ, Lu W, Sohal SS, Martin M, Bowler S, Burr LD, Martinez LO, Robaye B, Spann K, Ferreira MAR, Phipps S. Targeting the P2Y13 Receptor Suppresses IL-33 and HMGB1 Release and Ameliorates Experimental Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 205:300-312. [PMID: 34860143 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202009-3686oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The alarmins IL-33 and HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1) contribute to type-2 inflammation and asthma pathogenesis. OBJECTIVES To determine whether P2Y13 receptor (P2Y13-R), a purinergic G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and risk allele for asthma, regulates the release of IL-33 and HMGB1. METHODS Bronchial biopsies were obtained from healthy and asthmatic subjects. Primary human airway epithelial cells (AECs), primary mouse (m)AECs, or C57Bl/6 mice were inoculated with various aeroallergens or respiratory viruses, and the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation and release of alarmins measured by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. The role of P2Y13-R in AEC function and in the onset, progression, and an exacerbation of experimental asthma, was assessed using pharmacological antagonists and P2Y13-R gene-deleted mice. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Aeroallergen-exposure induced the extracellular release of ADP and ATP, nucleotides that activate P2Y13-R. ATP, ADP, aeroallergen (house dust mite, cockroach or Alternaria) or virus exposure induced the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation and subsequent release of IL-33 and HMGB1, and this response was ablated by genetic deletion or pharmacological antagonism of P2Y13. In mice, prophylactic or therapeutic P2Y13-R blockade attenuated asthma onset, and critically, ablated the severity of a rhinovirus-associated exacerbation in a high-fidelity experimental model of chronic asthma. Moreover, P2Y13-R antagonism derepressed antiviral immunity, increasing IFN-λ production and decreasing viral copies in the lung. CONCLUSIONS We identify P2Y13-R as a novel gatekeeper of the nuclear alarmins IL-33 and HMGB1, and demonstrate that the targeting of this GPCR via genetic deletion or treatment with a small-molecule antagonist protects against the onset and exacerbations of experimental asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon B Werder
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, 1974, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Boston University School of Medicine, 12259, The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Md Ashik Ullah
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Muhammed Mahfuzur Rahman
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, 1974, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jennifer Simpson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, 1974, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 35037, Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Jason P Lynch
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Harvard Medical School, 1811, Department of Microbiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Natasha Collinson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sonja Rittchen
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Medical University of Graz, 31475, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Graz, Steiermark, Austria
| | - Ridwan B Rashid
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, 1974, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Md Al Amin Sikder
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, 1974, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Herlina Y Handoko
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bodie F Curren
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, 1974, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ismail Sebina
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gunter Hartel
- QIMR Berghofer, 56362, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alec Bissell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sylvia Ngo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tejasri Yarlagadda
- Queensland University of Technology Faculty of Health, 110544, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sumaira Z Hasnain
- Mater Medical Research Institute, 200098, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wenying Lu
- University of Tasmania, 3925, Respiratory Translational Research Group, Launceston , Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder S Sohal
- University of Tasmania , Respiratory Translational Research Group, Launceston , Tasmania, Australia
| | - Megan Martin
- Mater Health Services, Respiratory Medicine, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Simon Bowler
- Mater Health Services, Respiratory Medicine, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lucy D Burr
- UQ School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Laurent O Martinez
- University of Toulouse, 137668, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Robaye
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, 26659, IRIBHM, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Spann
- Queensland University of Technology, 1969, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Manuel A R Ferreira
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 56362, Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, 1974, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, 1974, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen S, Yang X, Wei Z, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Shi Z, Zhang Z, Wang J, Zhang H, Ma J, Xiao X, Niu M. Establishment of an anti-inflammation-based bioassay for the quality control of the 13-component TCM formula (Lianhua Qingwen). PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:537-545. [PMID: 33941036 PMCID: PMC8110188 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1917627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Owing to the complexity of chemical ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it is difficult to maintain quality and efficacy by relying only on chemical markers. OBJECTIVE Lianhua Qingwen capsule (LHQW) was selected as an example to discuss the feasibility of a bioassay for quality control. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology was used to screen potential targets in LHQW with respect to its anti-inflammatory effects. An in vitro cell model was used to validate the prediction. An anti-inflammatory bioassay was established for the quality evaluation of LHQW in 40 batches of marketed products and three batches of destructed samples. RESULTS The tumor necrosis factor/interleukin-6 (TNF/IL-6) pathway via macrophage was selected as the potential target of LHQW. The IC50 value of LHQW on RAW 264.7 was 799.8 μg/mL. LHQW had significant inhibitory effects on the expression of IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The anti-inflammatory biopotency of LHQW was calculated based on the inhibitory bioactivity on IL-6. The biopotency of 40 marketed samples ranged from 404 U/μg to 2171 U/μg, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 37.91%. By contrast, the contents of forsythin indicated lower CV (28.05%) than the value of biopotency. Moreover, the biopotencies of destructed samples declined approximate 50%, while the contents of forsythin did not change. This newly established bioassay revealed a better ability to discriminate the quality variations of LHQW as compared to the routine chemical determination. CONCLUSIONS A well-established bioassay may have promising ability to reveal the variance in quality of TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Wei
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanru Zhang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Ying Huang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Shi
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziteng Zhang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haizhu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Jianli Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Niu
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The Emerging Roles of T Helper Cell Subsets and Cytokines in Severe Neutrophilic Asthma. Inflammation 2021; 45:1007-1022. [PMID: 34825300 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophilic asthma (NA) is a severe type of steroid resistant asthma, and so far the immune mechanisms underlying NA are not clear. In this article, we performed a comprehensive assessment of Th-cell subsets and cytokines in severe NA patients. A total of 13 healthy individuals and 31 severe asthma patients were enrolled in this study. Refractory asthma patients were defined as those with eosinophilic asthma (EA, accounted for 32% of asthmatic patients) or NA (68%) according to sputum neutrophil/eosinophil counts or blood eosinophils. Th-cell subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed by flow cytometry, and cytokines were detected by cytometric bead array (CBA). The results showed significant differences were observed in Th-cell phenotypes, where the number of Th1 cells were reduced and the numbers of Th2 cells were increased in NA and EA groups, respectively, when compared with healthy controls. Th17 cells were not strongly associated with severe neutrophilic asthma. The frequencies of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells were strikingly reduced in severe asthma patients, especially in the NA group. This NA group also showed increased levels of IL-17A, IL-17F, TNF-α, and IL-6 in serum and increased levels of IL-17A, IL-17F, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-8 in sputum. In addition, sputum IL-6 was positively correlated with TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-8. Our results uncovered a controversial role for Th17 cells, which were reduced in severe asthma patients. Severe neutrophilic asthma was associated with a striking deficiency of MAIT cells and high pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.
Collapse
|
19
|
Keir HR, Chalmers JD. IL-6 trans-signalling: how Haemophilus surfs the NET to amplify inflammation in COPD. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:58/4/2102143. [PMID: 34649972 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02143-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly R Keir
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - James D Chalmers
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kountz TS, Jairaman A, Kountz CD, Stauderman KA, Schleimer RP, Prakriya M. Differential Regulation of ATP- and UTP-Evoked Prostaglandin E 2 and IL-6 Production from Human Airway Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:1275-1287. [PMID: 34389624 PMCID: PMC8816324 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The airway epithelial cells (AECs) lining the conducting passageways of the lung secrete a variety of immunomodulatory factors. Among these, PGE2 limits lung inflammation and promotes bronchodilation. By contrast, IL-6 drives intense airway inflammation, remodeling, and fibrosis. The signaling that differentiates the production of these opposing mediators is not understood. In this study, we find that the production of PGE2 and IL-6 following stimulation of human AECs by the damage-associated molecular pattern extracellular ATP shares a common requirement for Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. ATP-mediated synthesis of PGE2 required activation of metabotropic P2Y2 receptors and CRAC channel-mediated cytosolic phospholipase A2 signaling. By contrast, ATP-evoked synthesis of IL-6 occurred via activation of ionotropic P2X receptors and CRAC channel-mediated calcineurin/NFAT signaling. In contrast to ATP, which elicited the production of both PGE2 and IL-6, the uridine nucleotide, UTP, stimulated PGE2 but not IL-6 production. These results reveal that human AECs employ unique receptor-specific signaling mechanisms with CRAC channels as a signaling nexus to regulate release of opposing immunomodulatory mediators. Collectively, our results identify P2Y2 receptors, CRAC channels, and P2X receptors as potential intervention targets for airway diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Kountz
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Amit Jairaman
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Candace D Kountz
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL;
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim JY, Yi MH, Lee S, Lee IY, Yong D, Yoon SS, Yong TS. Microbiome and mycobiome interaction in house dust mites and impact on airway cells. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1592-1602. [PMID: 34087033 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major allergen sources Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae have been reported to have distinct microbiomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of each mite on airway epithelial cells as a model of airway allergic disease. METHODS Transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) of an airway epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) was performed to compare gene expression patterns after treatment with extracts of three mite species (D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus and T. putrescentiae). In addition, mycobiome deep sequencing of mites was employed to identify fungal species that interact with the microbiomes of the mites. RESULTS Immune responses to bacteria were enriched only in the D. farinae-treated group as this species harboured larger numbers of bacteria than the other mites, and the high level of LPS in D. farinae caused proinflammatory cytokine production in airway epithelial cells. In addition, antibiotic metabolism pathways were enriched in D. pteronyssinus-treated cells but not in D. farinae -treated cells. Subsequent experiments revealed that D. pteronyssinus had a high fungal load that inhibited bacterial survival in this mite species. CONCLUSION The large amount of bacteria in D. farinae causes airway epithelial cells to produce more allergy-related cytokines than D. pteronyssinus, since fungi present in D. pteronyssinus suppress the abundance of mite-associated bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Yi
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seogwon Lee
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Yong Lee
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongeun Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Sun Yoon
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Raita Y, Zhu Z, Camargo CA, Freishtat RJ, Ngo D, Liang L, Hasegawa K. Relationship of Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptors With Asthma: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:665057. [PMID: 33912579 PMCID: PMC8071981 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.665057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Emerging evidence suggests a potential role of interleukin-6 pathways—trans-signaling with soluble interleukin-6 receptors—in the asthma pathobiology. Despite the evidence for their associations with asthma, the causal role of soluble interleukin-6 receptors remains uncertain. We investigated the relations of soluble interleukin-6 receptors with asthma and its major phenotypes. Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. As genetic instruments, we selected 33 independent cis-acting variants strongly associated with the level of plasma soluble interleukin-6 receptor in the INTERVAL study. To investigate the association of variants with asthma and its phenotypes, we used genome-wide association study data from the UK Biobank. We combined variant-specific causal estimates by the inverse-variance weighted method for each outcome. Results: Genetically-instrumented soluble interleukin-6 receptor level was associated with a significantly higher risk of overall asthma (OR per one standard deviation increment in inverse-rank normalized soluble interleukin-6 receptor level, 1.02; 95%CI, 1.01–1.03; P = 0.004). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated consistent results and indicated no directional pleiotropy—e.g., MR-Egger (OR, 1.03; 95%CI, 1.01–1.05; P = 0.002; Pintercept =0.37). In the stratified analysis, the significant association persisted across asthma phenotypes—e.g., childhood asthma (OR, 1.05; 95%CI, 1.02–1.08; P < 0.001) and obese asthma (OR, 1.02; 95%CI 1.01–1.03; P = 0.007). Sensitivity analysis using 16 variants selected with different thresholds also demonstrated significant associations with overall asthma and its phenotypes. Conclusion: Genetically-instrumented soluble interleukin-6 receptor level was causally associated with modestly but significantly higher risks of asthma and its phenotypes. Our observations support further investigations into identifying specific endotypes in which interleukin-6 pathways may play major roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Raita
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert J Freishtat
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Debby Ngo
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Liming Liang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zarobkiewicz MK, Wawryk-Gawda E, Kowalska W, Janiszewska M, Bojarska-Junak A. γδ T Lymphocytes in Asthma: a Complicated Picture. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:4. [PMID: 33661375 PMCID: PMC7932949 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00608-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A minor subset (approximately 5%) of peripheral T cells has their TCR build up from γ and δ chains instead of α and β—those are the γδ T lymphocytes. They can be functionally divided into subsets, e.g., Th1-, Th2-, Th9-, Th17-, Tfh-, and Treg-like γδ T cells. They share some specifics of both innate and adaptive immunity, and are capable of rapid response to a range of stimuli, including some viral and bacterial infections. Atopic diseases, including asthma, are one of major health-related problems of modern western societies. Asthma is one of the most common airway diseases, affecting people of all ages and having potential life-threatening consequences. In this paper, we review the current knowledge about the involvement of γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of asthma and its exacerbations. We summarize both the studies performed on human subjects as well as on the murine model of asthma. γδ T cells seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, different subsets probably perform opposite functions, e.g., symptom-exacerbating Vγ1 and symptom-suppressing Vγ4 in mice model of asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał K Zarobkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Wawryk-Gawda
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wioleta Kowalska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariola Janiszewska
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics With E-Learning Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bojarska-Junak
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Esnault S, Khosravi M, Kelly EA, Liu LY, Bochkov YA, Tattersall MC, Jarjour NN. Increased IL-6 and Potential IL-6 trans-signalling in the airways after an allergen challenge. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:564-573. [PMID: 33471392 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In asthma, IL-6 is a potential cause of enhanced inflammation, tissue damage and airway dysfunction. IL-6 signalling is regulated by its receptor, which is composed of two proteins, IL-6R and GP130. In addition to their membrane form, these two proteins may be found as extracellular soluble forms. The interaction of IL-6 with soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) can trigger IL-6 trans-signalling in cells lacking IL-6R. Conversely, the soluble form of GP130 (sGP130) competes with its membrane form to inhibit IL-6 trans-signalling. OBJECTIVES We aimed to analyse IL-6 trans-signalling proteins in the airways of subjects after an allergen challenge. METHODS We used a model of segmental bronchoprovocation with an allergen (SBP-Ag) in human subjects with allergy. Before and 48 h after SBP-Ag, bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) allowed for the analysis of proteins in BAL fluids (BALFs) by ELISA, and membrane proteins on the surface of BAL cells by flow cytometry. In addition, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and used proteomic data to further inform on the expression of the IL-6R subunits by eosinophils, bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts. Finally, we measured the effect of IL-6 trans-signalling on bronchial fibroblasts, in vitro. RESULTS IL-6, sIL-6R, sGP130 and the molar ratio of sIL-6R/sGP130 increased in the airways after SBP-Ag, suggesting the potential for enhanced IL-6 trans-signalling activity. BAL lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils displayed IL-6R on their surface and were all possible providers of sIL-6R, whereas GP130 was highly expressed in bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts. Finally, bronchial fibroblasts activated by IL-6 trans-signalling produced enhanced amounts of the chemokine, MCP-1 (CCL2). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE After a bronchial allergen challenge, we found augmentation of the elements of IL-6 trans-signalling. Allergen-induced IL-6 trans-signalling activity can activate fibroblasts to produce chemokines that can further enhance inflammation and lung dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mehdi Khosravi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lin Ying Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yury A Bochkov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Földvári-Nagy L, Schnabel T, Dörnyei G, Korcsmáros T, Lenti K. On the role of bacterial metalloproteases in COVID-19 associated cytokine storm. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:7. [PMID: 33441142 PMCID: PMC7805260 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine release syndrome or cytokine storm, which is the hyper-induction of inflammatory responses has a central role in the mortality rate of COVID-19 and some other viral infections. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key player in the development of cytokine storms. Shedding of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6Rα) results in the accumulation of soluble interleukin-6 receptors (sIL-6R). Only relatively few cells express membrane-bound IL-6Rα. However, sIL-6R can act on potentially all cells and organs through the ubiquitously expressed gp130, the coreceptor of IL-6Rα. Through this, so-called trans-signaling, IL-6-sIL-6R is a powerful factor in the development of cytokine storms and multiorgan involvement. Some bacteria (e.g., Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes), commonly considered to cause co-infections during viral pneumonia, can directly induce the shedding of membrane receptors, including IL-6Rα, or enhance endogenous shedding mechanisms causing the increase of sIL-6R level. Here we hypothesise that bacteria promoting shedding and increase the sIL-6R level can be an important contributing factor for the development of cytokine storms. Therefore, inhibition of IL-6Rα shedding by drastically reducing the number of relevant bacteria may be a critical element in reducing the chance of a cytokine storm. Validation of this hypothesis can support the consideration of the prophylactic use of antibiotics more widely and at an earlier stage of infection to decrease the mortality rate of COVID-19. Video abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- László Földvári-Nagy
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17. Vas str., Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Tamás Schnabel
- I. Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Orthopaedics - COVID Quarantine, ÉKC New Saint John’s Hospital, 1-3. Diós árok, Budapest, 1125 Hungary
| | - Gabriella Dörnyei
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17. Vas str., Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Tamás Korcsmáros
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ UK
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ UK
| | - Katalin Lenti
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17. Vas str., Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
DP1 prostanoid receptor activation increases the severity of an acute lower respiratory viral infection in mice via TNF-α-induced immunopathology. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:963-972. [PMID: 33879829 PMCID: PMC8057290 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a leading cause of infant hospitalization and mortality. We previously identified that prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), released following RSV infection of primary human airway epithelial cells or pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) infection of neonatal mice, elicits pro- or antiviral innate immune responses as a consequence of D-type prostanoid receptor 2 (DP2) or DP1 activation, respectively. Here, we sought to determine whether treatment with the DP1 agonist BW245c decreases the severity of bronchiolitis in PVM-infected neonatal mice. Consistent with previous findings, BW245c treatment increased IFN-λ production and decreased viral load in week 1 of the infection. However, unexpectedly, BW245c treatment increased mortality in week 2 of the infection. This increased morbidity was associated with viral spread to the parenchyma, an increased cellular infiltrate of TNF-α-producing cells (neutrophils, monocytes, and CD4+ T cells), and the heightened production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. These phenotypes, as well as the increased mortality, were significantly attenuated following the administration of anti-TNF-α to PVM-infected, BW245c-treated mice. In summary, pharmacological activation of the DP1 receptor in PVM-infected neonatal mice boosts antiviral innate and adaptive immunity, however, this is ultimately detrimental, as a consequence of increased TNF-α-induced morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang Q, Sun Q, Chen Q, Li H, Liu D. Expression of CD27 and CD28 on γδ T cells from the peripheral blood of patients with allergic rhinitis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:224. [PMID: 33193838 PMCID: PMC7646692 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The costimulatory receptors CD27 and CD28 have pivotal and non-redundant roles in the activation and differentiation of γδ T-cells. However, the roles of CD27 and CD28 on γδ T-cells in allergic rhinitis (AR) have remained elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of CD27 and CD28 on γδ T cells in patients with AR. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 14 patients with AR and 12 healthy subjects were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the percentage of γδ T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), and the expression of IFN-γ, IL-17A, CD27 and CD28 on γδ T cells. The correlations between the expression of CD27 and CD28, and the percentages of IFN-γ+ and IL-17A+ γδ T-cell subsets and Tregs in AR were analyzed. It was observed that the percentages of γδ T cells, and the IL-17A+, CD27-CD28+ and CD27-CD28- γδ T-cell subsets were significantly increased, while the percentages of Tregs and IFN-γ+ and CD27+CD28+ γδ T-cell subsets were significantly decreased in AR. Of note, the percentage of CD27+CD28+ γδ T-cell subsets was positively correlated with that of the IFN-γ+ γδ T-cell subset and the percentage of the CD27-CD28+ γδ T-cell subset was positively correlated with that of the IL-17A+ γδ T-cell subset. Furthermore, the percentages of γδ T cells and the CD27-CD28+ γδ T-cell subset were both negatively correlated with that of Tregs. Therefore, the results of the present study indicate that CD27 and CD28 may be the key signals for activation of different γδ T-cell subsets and may contribute to the immune regulatory function of γδ T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with AR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shiyan People's Hospital of Baoan District in Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518108, P.R. China
| | - Qun Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shiyan People's Hospital of Baoan District in Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518108, P.R. China
| | - Qiguo Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shiyan People's Hospital of Baoan District in Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518108, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shiyan People's Hospital of Baoan District in Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518108, P.R. China
| | - Ding Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shiyan People's Hospital of Baoan District in Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518108, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Scott WC, Cahill KN, Milne GL, Li P, Sheng Q, Huang LC, Dennis S, Snyder J, Bauer AM, Chandra RK, Chowdhury NI, Turner JH. Inflammatory heterogeneity in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:1318-1328.e5. [PMID: 33189729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a mechanistically distinct subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Although frequently associated with type 2 inflammation, literature characterizing the milieu of inflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators in AERD has been conflicting. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify differences in the upper airway inflammatory signature between CRSwNP and AERD and determine whether endotypic subtypes of AERD may exist. METHODS Levels of 7 cytokines representative of type 1, type 2, and type 3 inflammation, and 21 lipid mediators were measured in nasal mucus from 109 patients with CRSwNP, 30 patients with AERD, and 64 non-CRS controls. Differences in inflammatory mediators were identified between groups, and patterns of inflammation among patients with AERD were determined by hierarchical cluster analysis. RESULTS AERD could be distinguished from CRSwNP by profound elevations in IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, and IFN-γ; however, significant heterogeneity existed between patients. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified 3 inflammatory subendotypes of AERD characterized by (1) low inflammatory burden, (2) high type 2 cytokines, and (3) comparatively low type 2 cytokines and high levels of type 1 and type 3 cytokines. Several lipid mediators were associated with asthma and sinonasal disease severity; however, lipid mediators showed less variability than cytokines. CONCLUSIONS AERD is associated with elevations in type 2 cytokines (IL-5 and IL-13) and the type 1 cytokine, IFN-γ. Among patients with AERD, the inflammatory signature is heterogeneous, supporting subendotypes of the disease. Variability in AERD immune signatures should be further clarified because this may predict clinical response to biologic medications that target type 2 inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William C Scott
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Katherine N Cahill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Ginger L Milne
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Quanhu Sheng
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Li Ching Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Spencer Dennis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Jacob Snyder
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Ashley M Bauer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Rakesh K Chandra
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Naweed I Chowdhury
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Justin H Turner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Saad MI, McLeod L, Yu L, Ebi H, Ruwanpura S, Sagi I, Rose-John S, Jenkins BJ. The ADAM17 protease promotes tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced lung tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:527-538. [PMID: 31257400 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with most cases attributed to tobacco smoking, in which nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) is the most potent lung carcinogen. The ADAM17 protease is responsible for the ectodomain shedding of many pro-tumorigenic cytokines, growth factors and receptors, and therefore is an attractive target in cancer. However, the role of ADAM17 in promoting tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced lung carcinogenesis is unknown. The hypomorphic Adam17ex/ex mice-characterized by reduced global ADAM17 expression-were backcrossed onto the NNK-sensitive pseudo-A/J background. CRISPR-driven and inhibitor-based (GW280264X, and ADAM17 prodomain) ADAM17 targeting was employed in the human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and NCI-H23. Human lung cancer biopsies were also used for analyses. The Adam17ex/ex mice displayed marked protection against NNK-induced lung adenocarcinoma. Specifically, the number and size of lung lesions in NNK-treated pseudo-A/J Adam17ex/ex mice were significantly reduced compared with wild-type littermate controls. This was associated with lower proliferative index throughout the lung epithelium. ADAM17 targeting in A549 and NCI-H23 cells led to reduced proliferative and colony-forming capacities. Notably, among select ADAM17 substrates, ADAM17 deficiency abrogated shedding of the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), which coincided with the blockade of sIL-6R-mediated trans-signaling via ERK MAPK cascade. Furthermore, NNK upregulated phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, whose pharmacological inhibition suppressed ADAM17 threonine phosphorylation. Importantly, ADAM17 threonine phosphorylation was significantly upregulated in human lung adenocarcinoma with smoking history compared with their cancer-free controls. Our study identifies the ADAM17/sIL-6R/ERK MAPK axis as a candidate therapeutic strategy against tobacco smoke-associated lung carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Saad
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise McLeod
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liang Yu
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hiromichi Ebi
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Advanced Cancer Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Saleela Ruwanpura
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Alessandrini F, Musiol S, Schneider E, Blanco-Pérez F, Albrecht M. Mimicking Antigen-Driven Asthma in Rodent Models-How Close Can We Get? Front Immunol 2020; 11:575936. [PMID: 33101301 PMCID: PMC7555606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with increasing prevalence worldwide characterized by chronic airway inflammation, increased mucus secretion and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The phenotypic heterogeneity among asthmatic patients is accompanied by different endotypes, mainly Type 2 or non-Type 2. To investigate the pathomechanism of this complex disease many animal models have been developed, each trying to mimic specific aspects of the human disease. Rodents have classically been employed in animal models of asthma. The present review provides an overview of currently used Type 2 vs. non-Type 2 rodent asthma models, both acute and chronic. It further assesses the methods used to simulate disease development and exacerbations as well as to quantify allergic airway inflammation, including lung physiologic, cellular and molecular immunologic responses. Furthermore, the employment of genetically modified animals, which provide an in-depth understanding of the role of a variety of molecules, signaling pathways and receptors implicated in the development of this disease as well as humanized models of allergic inflammation, which have been recently developed to overcome differences between the rodent and human immune systems, are discussed. Nevertheless, differences between mice and humans should be carefully considered and limits of extrapolation should be wisely taken into account when translating experimental results into clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Musiol
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Schneider
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frank Blanco-Pérez
- Molecular Allergology/Vice President's Research Group, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Melanie Albrecht
- Molecular Allergology/Vice President's Research Group, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Virus-Induced Asthma Exacerbations: SIRT1 Targeted Approach. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082623. [PMID: 32823491 PMCID: PMC7464235 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma has increased worldwide. Asthma exacerbations triggered by upper respiratory tract viral infections remain a major clinical problem and account for hospital admissions and time lost from work. Virus-induced asthma exacerbations cause airway inflammation, resulting in worsening asthma and deterioration in the patients’ quality of life, which may require systemic corticosteroid therapy. Despite recent advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying asthma exacerbations, current therapeutic modalities are inadequate for complete prevention and treatment of these episodes. The pathological role of cellular senescence, especially that involving the silent information regulator 2 homolog sirtuin (SIRT) protein family, has recently been demonstrated in stable and exacerbated chronic respiratory disease states. This review discusses the role of SIRT1 in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. It also discusses the role of SIRT1 in inflammatory cells that play an important role in virus-induced asthma exacerbations. Recent studies have hypothesized that SIRT1 is one of major contributors to cellular senescence. SIRT1 levels decrease in Th2 and non-Th2-related airway inflammation, indicating the role of SIRT1 in several endotypes and phenotypes of asthma. Moreover, several models have demonstrated relationships between viral infection and SIRT1. Therefore, targeting SIRT1 is a novel strategy that may be effective for treating virus-induced asthma exacerbations in the future.
Collapse
|
32
|
Menson KE, Mank MM, Reed LF, Walton CJ, Van Der Vliet KE, Ather JL, Chapman DG, Smith BJ, Rincon M, Poynter ME. Therapeutic efficacy of IL-17A neutralization with corticosteroid treatment in a model of antigen-driven mixed-granulocytic asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L693-L709. [PMID: 32783616 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00204.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many mouse models of allergic asthma exhibit eosinophil-predominant cellularity rather than the mixed-granulocytic cytology in steroid-unresponsive severe disease. Therefore, we sought to implement a novel mouse model of antigen-driven, mixed-granulocytic, severe allergic asthma to determine biomarkers of the disease process and potential therapeutic targets. C57BL/6J wild-type, interleukin-6 knockout (IL-6-/-), and IL-6 receptor knockout (IL-6R-/-), mice were injected with an emulsion of complete Freund's adjuvant and house dust mite antigen (CFA/HDM) on day 1. Dexamethasone, a lymphocyte-depleting biological, or anti-IL-17A was administered during the intranasal HDM challenge on days 19-22. On day 23, the CFA/HDM model elicited mixed bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cellularity (typically 80% neutrophils and 10% eosinophils), airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, diffusion impairment, lung damage, body weight loss, corticosteroid resistance, and elevated levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and T helper type 1/ T helper type 17 (Th1/Th17) cytokines compared with eosinophilic models of HDM-driven allergic airway disease. BAL cells in IL-6- or IL-6R-deficient mice were predominantly eosinophilic and associated with elevated T helper type 2 (Th2) and reduced Th1/Th17 cytokine production, along with an absence of SAA. Nevertheless, AHR remained in IL-6-deficient mice even when dexamethasone was administered. However, combined administration of anti-IL-17A and systemic corticosteroid significantly attenuated both overall and neutrophilic airway inflammation and also reduced AHR and body weight loss. Inhibition of IL-17A combined with systemic corticosteroid treatment during antigen-driven exacerbations may provide a novel therapeutic approach to prevent the pathological pulmonary and constitutional changes that greatly impact patients with the mixed-granulocytic endotype of severe asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Menson
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, The Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Madeleine M Mank
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, The Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Leah F Reed
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, The Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Camille J Walton
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, The Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Katherine E Van Der Vliet
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, The Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jennifer L Ather
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, The Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - David G Chapman
- Translational Airways Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bradford J Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mercedes Rincon
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Matthew E Poynter
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, The Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sebina I, Phipps S. The Contribution of Neutrophils to the Pathogenesis of RSV Bronchiolitis. Viruses 2020; 12:E808. [PMID: 32726921 PMCID: PMC7472258 DOI: 10.3390/v12080808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute viral bronchiolitis causes significant mortality in the developing world, is the number one cause of infant hospitalisation in the developed world, and is associated with the later development of chronic lung diseases such as asthma. A vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the leading cause of viral bronchiolitis in infancy, remains elusive, and hence new therapeutic modalities are needed to limit disease severity. However, much remains unknown about the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Neutrophilic inflammation is the predominant phenotype observed in infants with both mild and severe disease, however, a clear understanding of the beneficial and deleterious effects of neutrophils is lacking. In this review, we describe the multifaceted roles of neutrophils in host defence and antiviral immunity, consider their contribution to bronchiolitis pathogenesis, and discuss whether new approaches that target neutrophil effector functions will be suitable for treating severe RSV bronchiolitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sebina
- Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston 4006, Australia;
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lee J, Kim B, Chu H, Zhang K, Kim H, Kim JH, Kim SH, Pan Y, Noh JY, Sun Z, Lee J, Jeong KY, Park KH, Park JW, Kupper TS, Park CO, Lee KH. FABP5 as a possible biomarker in atopic march: FABP5-induced Th17 polarization, both in mouse model and human samples. EBioMedicine 2020; 58:102879. [PMID: 32711257 PMCID: PMC7387782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While the incidence of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) with atopic march (AM) showing respiratory allergy is steadily rising, the pathomechanism is still unknown. There are currently no biomarkers to predict progression of AM. Methods To explore the mechanism of AM, patients with AD and AM and healthy controls were recruited and RNA microarray, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining were performed. We also co-cultured dendritic cells and CD4+T cells with various Dermatophagoides farinae allergen fractions. Cytokine levels were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Findings Both fatty-acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) and Th17-related genes were more highly expressed in AM. FABP5 knockdown significantly decreased Th17-inducing cytokines in keratinocytes and IL-17A in T cells from AM patients. Further confirmation was obtained using an AM mice model compared to mice without AM. Der f 1, a major D. farinae allergen, increased FABP5 and IL-17A expression in T cells from AM patients. Higher serum FABP5 levels from AM patients were positively correlated with serum IL-17A levels. Interpretation FABP5 expression, possibly enhanced by higher epicutaneous and respiratory sensitization to Der f 1, may directly promote Th17 responses in AD patients with AM. Thus, AM progression can be explained by Th17 reaction induced by FABP5. FABP5 was identified as a potential biomarker in AM. Funding This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (Ministry of Science and ICT; No. NRF-2017R1A2B4009568), grants of the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs, and the Republic of Korea (HI13C0010, HI14C1324, HI14C1799).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jungsoo Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Howard Chu
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - KeLun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeran Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyeong Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youdong Pan
- Department of Dermatology & Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ji Yeon Noh
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - ZhengWang Sun
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Park
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas S Kupper
- Department of Dermatology & Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chang Ook Park
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang Hoon Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lynch JP, Werder RB, Curren BF, Sikder MAA, Ullah A, Sebina I, Rashid RB, Zhang V, Upham JW, Hill GR, Steptoe RJ, Phipps S. Long-lived regulatory T cells generated during severe bronchiolitis in infancy influence later progression to asthma. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:652-664. [PMID: 32066837 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The type-2 inflammatory response that promotes asthma pathophysiology occurs in the absence of sufficient immunoregulation. Impaired regulatory T cell (Treg) function also predisposes to severe viral bronchiolitis in infancy, a major risk factor for asthma. Hence, we hypothesized that long-lived, aberrantly programmed Tregs causally link viral bronchiolitis with later asthma. Here we found that transient plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) depletion during viral infection in early-life, which causes the expansion of aberrant Tregs, predisposes to allergen-induced or virus-induced asthma in later-life, and is associated with altered airway epithelial cell (AEC) responses and the expansion of impaired, long-lived Tregs. Critically, the adoptive transfer of aberrant Tregs (unlike healthy Tregs) to asthma-susceptible mice failed to prevent the development of viral-induced or allergen-induced asthma. Lack of protection was associated with increased airway epithelial cytoplasmic-HMGB1 (high-mobility group box 1), a pro-type-2 inflammatory alarmin, and granulocytic inflammation. Aberrant Tregs expressed lower levels of CD39, an ectonucleotidase that hydrolyzes extracellular ATP, a known inducer of alarmin release. Using cultured mouse AECs, we identify that healthy Tregs suppress allergen-induced HMGB1 translocation whereas this ability is markedly impaired in aberrant Tregs. Thus, defective Treg programming in infancy has durable consequences that underlie the association between bronchiolitis and subsequent asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Lynch
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Bodie F Curren
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Md Al Amin Sikder
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Ashik Ullah
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Ismail Sebina
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Ridwan B Rashid
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Vivian Zhang
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - John W Upham
- UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4102, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Geoff R Hill
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 1100, USA
| | - Raymond J Steptoe
- UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- Respiratory Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia. .,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nadeem A, Ahmad SF, Attia SM, Al-Ayadhi LY, Al-Harbi NO, Bakheet SA. Dysregulation in IL-6 receptors is associated with upregulated IL-17A related signaling in CD4+ T cells of children with autism. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 97:109783. [PMID: 31655158 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by dysregulations in speech and social interactions as well as repetitive and stereotypical behavioral patterns in which immune system plays a significant role. IL-6, an essential cytokine for polarization of Th0 cells into Th17 cells has been demonstrated to be crucial in the etiology of ASD in past studies both in humans and mice. Th17 cells are also believed to be central players in the pathogenesis of ASD through release of IL-17A. However, there is still insufficient data regarding identification of Th17 cells with respect to IL-6 signaling in ASD subjects. Therefore, this study explored IL-6 receptors (IL-6R/sIL-6R) and Th17 (p-STAT3/IL-17A/IL-23R) related markers comprehensively in the blood of typically-developing control (TDC, n = 35) and ASD children (n = 45). Our data show that there is enhanced sIL-6R levels in plasma and CD4+ T cells of ASD subjects as compared to TDC group. Increased sIL-6R signaling is associated with upregulated Th17 development in ASD subjects. Further, severe ASD subjects have higher inflammation in terms of IL-6/IL-17A related signaling as compared to moderate ASD patients. Furthermore, treatment of CD4 + T cells in vitro with IL-6 leads to much greater upregulation of p-STAT3, and IL-17A in ASD subjects than similarly treated CD4+ T cells in TDC group. Antagonism of IL-6 signaling by SC144 in vitro led to blockade of IL-6 mediated effects on CD4+ T cells. These data display unequivocally that IL-6 signaling components are dysregulated which play a crucial in enhancement of Th17 development in ASD subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Y Al-Ayadhi
- Autism Research and Treatment Center, AL-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhu FF, Wang YM, He GZ, Chen YF, Gao YD. Different effects of acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor TOFA on airway inflammation and airway resistance in a mice model of asthma. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:1011-1020. [PMID: 32048254 PMCID: PMC7223088 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective Acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) regulates the differentiation of Th1, Th2, Th17 cells and Treg cells, which play a critical role in airway inflammation of asthma. Here we investigated the role of ACC in the pathogenesis of asthma. Methods Chicken Ovalbumin-sensitized and -challenged mice were divided into three groups, PBS group, DMSO (solvent of TOFA) group and ACC inhibitor 5-tetradecyloxy-2-furoic acid (TOFA) + DMSO group. Airway inflammation was assessed with histology, percentages of CD4+T cell subsets in lung and spleen was assessed with flow cytometry, and airway responsiveness was assessed with FinePointe RC system. The expression of characteristic transcription factors of CD4+T cell subsets was evaluated with real-time PCR. Cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum was determined with ELISA. Results In asthma mice, the expression of ACC increased, while the expression of phosphorylated ACC (pACC) decreased. TOFA had no significant effect on pACC expression. TOFA reduced serum IgE, airway inflammatory cells infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia, but dramatically increased airway responsiveness. TOFA significantly reduced the percentages of Th1, Th2, Th17 cells in lung and spleen, the expression of GATA3 and RORγt in lung, and IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A levels in BALF and serum. TOFA had no significant effect on the percentage of Treg cells, IL-10 level and the expression of T-bet and Foxp3. Conclusion Acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor TOFA might have a distinct effect on asthmatic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhen He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Dong Gao
- Department of Allergology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Saku A, Hirose K, Kageyama T, Kono K, Nakamura K, Yokota M, Maezawa Y, Suto A, Nakajima H. γδ T cells enhance TSLP production and ILC2 accumulation in house dust mite-induced allergic airway inflammation. Allergol Int 2020; 69:132-135. [PMID: 31262630 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Saku
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichi Hirose
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Kageyama
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenta Kono
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaito Nakamura
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaya Yokota
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Maezawa
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Suto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Saad MI, Rose-John S, Jenkins BJ. ADAM17: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1218. [PMID: 31438559 PMCID: PMC6769596 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, which histologically is classified into small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer diagnoses, with the majority of patients presenting with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). KRAS mutations are a major driver of LAC, and are closely related to cigarette smoking, unlike mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which arise in never-smokers. Although the past two decades have seen fundamental progress in the treatment and diagnosis of NSCLC, NSCLC still is predominantly diagnosed at an advanced stage when therapeutic interventions are mostly palliative. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), also known as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-converting enzyme (TACE), is responsible for the protease-driven shedding of more than 70 membrane-tethered cytokines, growth factors and cell surface receptors. Among these, the soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), which drives pro-inflammatory and pro-tumourigenic IL-6 trans-signaling, along with several EGFR family ligands, are the best characterised. This large repertoire of substrates processed by ADAM17 places it as a pivotal orchestrator of a myriad of physiological and pathological processes associated with the initiation and/or progression of cancer, such as cell proliferation, survival, regeneration, differentiation and inflammation. In this review, we discuss recent research implicating ADAM17 as a key player in the development of LAC, and highlight the potential of ADAM17 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy to tackle this deadly malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Saad
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Revez JA, Bain LM, Watson RM, Towers M, Collins T, Killian KJ, O'Byrne PM, Gauvreau GM, Upham JW, Ferreira MA. Effects of interleukin-6 receptor blockade on allergen-induced airway responses in mild asthmatics. Clin Transl Immunology 2019; 8:e1044. [PMID: 31223480 PMCID: PMC6566140 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin (IL)-6 signalling has been implicated in allergic asthma by animal, genetic association and clinical studies. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that tocilizumab (TCZ), a human monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-6 signalling, can prevent the development of allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in humans. Methods We performed a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, with eligible participants completing two allergen inhalation challenge tests, conducted before and after treatment with a single dose of TCZ or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was the magnitude of the late asthmatic response recorded between 3 and 7 after allergen challenge. The secondary efficacy endpoint was the early asthmatic response, measured 20 min to 2 h after allergen challenge. Results A total of 66 patients enrolled between September 2014 and August 2017, when the trial was stopped for futility based on results from an interim analysis. Eleven patients fulfilled all eligibility criteria assessed at baseline and were subsequently randomised to the TCZ (n = 6) or placebo (n = 5) groups. Both the primary and secondary efficacy endpoints were not significantly different between the two groups. Five patients reported adverse events (AEs), three in the TCZ group (11 AEs) and two in the placebo group (four AEs). Only one AE was TCZ-related (mild neutropenia), and there were no serious AEs. Significant treatment effects were observed for serum levels of C-reactive protein, IL-6 and soluble IL-6R levels. Conclusion In a small proof-of-concept clinical trial, we found no evidence that a single dose of tocilizumab was able to prevent allergen-induced bronchoconstriction. (Trial registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, number ACTRN12614000123640).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana A Revez
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Lisa M Bain
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Rick M Watson
- Division of Respirology Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Michelle Towers
- Diamantina Institute University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Tina Collins
- Diamantina Institute University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Kieran J Killian
- Division of Respirology Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Paul M O'Byrne
- Division of Respirology Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Gail M Gauvreau
- Division of Respirology Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - John W Upham
- Diamantina Institute University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Expansion of different subpopulations of CD26 -/low T cells in allergic and non-allergic asthmatics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7556. [PMID: 31101830 PMCID: PMC6525268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43622-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD26 displays variable levels between effector (TH17 ≫ TH1 > TH2 > Treg) and naïve/memory (memory > naïve) CD4+ T lymphocytes. Besides, IL-6/IL−6R is associated with TH17-differentiation and asthma severity. Allergic/atopic asthma (AA) is dominated by TH2 responses, while TH17 immunity might either modulate the TH2-dependent inflammation in AA or be an important mechanism boosting non-allergic asthma (NAA). Therefore, in this work we have compared the expression of CD26 and CD126 (IL-6Rα) in lymphocytes from different groups of donors: allergic (AA) and non-allergic (NAA) asthma, rhinitis, and healthy subjects. For this purpose, flow cytometry, haematological/biochemical, and in vitro proliferation assays were performed. Our results show a strong CD26-CD126 correlation and an over-representation of CD26− subsets with a highly-differentiated effector phenotype in AA (CD4+CD26−/low T cells) and NAA (CD4−CD26− γδ-T cells). In addition, we found that circulating levels of CD26 (sCD26) were reduced in both AA and NAA, while loss of CD126 expression on different leukocytes correlated with higher disease severity. Finally, selective inhibition of CD26-mRNA translation led to enhanced T cell proliferation in vitro. These findings support that CD26 down-modulation could play a role in facilitating the expansion of highly-differentiated effector T cell subsets in asthma.
Collapse
|
42
|
Al-Harbi NO, Nadeem A, Ahmad SF, AlThagfan SS, Alqinyah M, Alqahtani F, Ibrahim KE, Al-Harbi MM. Sulforaphane treatment reverses corticosteroid resistance in a mixed granulocytic mouse model of asthma by upregulation of antioxidants and attenuation of Th17 immune responses in the airways. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 855:276-284. [PMID: 31100413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane has received considerable attention in recent years due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Its preventive effect in the inhibition of airway inflammation is known; however, whether it affects mixed granulocyte asthma (corticosteroid resistance phenotype) is largely undiscovered. Therefore, we assessed the effect of pharmacological activation of Nrf2, a redox-sensitive transcription factor, using sulforaphane in a mouse model of mixed granulocyte airway inflammation. Mice were sensitized and challenged with cockroach allergen extract (CE), and airway inflammatory parameters and markers of steroid resistance [Nrf2 activity, oxidant-antioxidant balance in airway epithelial cells (AECs)/lung, and IL-17A-related pathway in Th17 cells and dendritic cells (DCs)] were investigated. Our results show that sulforaphane administration reduced neutrophilic airway inflammation, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and Th17 immune responses in a mixed granulocyte mouse model of asthma through Nrf2 activation. On the other hand, corticosteroid treatment decreased Th2/eosinophilic immune responses but had little on Th17/neutrophilic immune responses. However, combined treatment with both almost completely blocked both neutrophilic/eosinophilic and Th17/Th2 immune responses in the lung. Sulforaphane treatment led to induction of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx) in AECs and pulmonary non-enzymatic antioxidants. Further, it led to reduction in inflammatory cytokines (IL-6/IL-23/IL-17A) in Th17 cells/CD11c + DCs during mixed granulocytic inflammation. Collectively, our study presents the evidence that activation of Nrf2 by sulforaphane reduces neutrophilic airway inflammation by upregulation of antioxidants and downregulation of inflammatory cytokines in airways. This is possibly the basis for reversal of corticosteroid resistance in this model. This shows the therapeutic potential of sulforaphane in mixed granulocyte asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naif O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan S AlThagfan
- Clinical and Hospital Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alqinyah
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid E Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Activation of Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2) induces Interleukin-6 trans-signaling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7306. [PMID: 31086276 PMCID: PMC6513869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling of the pleiotropic cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6) via its soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) has been termed trans-signaling and is thought to be responsible for the pro-inflammatory properties of IL-6. The sIL-6R can be generated by alternative mRNA splicing or proteolytic cleavage of the membrane-bound IL-6R. However, which stimuli induce sIL-6R release and which endogenous signaling pathways are required for this process is poorly understood. Here, we show that activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and on the monocytic cell line THP-1 induces expression and secretion of IL-6 and the generation of sIL-6R. We show by flow cytometry that monocytes are a PBMC subset that expresses TLR2 in conjunction with the IL-6R and are the major cellular source for both IL-6 and sIL-6R. Mechanistically, we find that the metalloproteases ADAM10 and ADAM17 are responsible for cleavage of the IL-6R and therefore sIL-6R generation. Finally, we identify the Extracellular-signal Regulated Kinase (ERK) cascade as a critical pathway that differentially regulates both IL-6 and sIL-6R generation in monocytes.
Collapse
|
44
|
Santos LS, Sgnotto FDR, Inoue AHS, Padreca AF, Menghini RP, Duarte AJDS, Victor JR. IgG from Non-atopic Individuals Induces In Vitro IFN-γ and IL-10 Production by Human Intra-thymic γδT Cells: A Comparison with Atopic IgG and IVIg. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2019; 67:263-270. [PMID: 31087106 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-019-00545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Matured in the thymus, γδT cells can modulate the development of allergy in humans. The main γδT cell subsets have been described as interleukin (IL)-17A or interferon (IFN)-γ producers, but these cells can also produce other modulatory cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-10. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether IgG can modulate the profile of cytokine production by γδT cells during their maturation in the thymus and after its migration to peripheral tissues. Thymic tissues were obtained from 12 infants, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from adults (both groups without an atopic background). IgG was purified from atopic and non-atopic volunteers. Thymocytes and PBMCs were cultured with purified atopic or non-atopic IgG, and intracellular cytokine production and phenotype were assessed. Mock and IVIg conditions were used as controls. IgG from non-atopic individuals induced IFN-γ and IL-10 production by thymic γδT cells, and no effect was observed on peripheral γδT cells. IL-17 production was inhibited by non-atopic IgG on thymic γδT cells and augmented by atopic IgG on peripheral γδT cells. Modulated thymic γδT cells did not produce IFN-γ and IL-10 simultaneously. We additionally evaluated the phenotype of intrathymic γδT cells and observed that IgG from all groups could induce CD25 expression and could not influence the CD28 expression of these cells. This report describes evidence revealing that IgG may influence the production of IFN-γ and IL-10 by intrathymic γδT cells depending on the donor atopic state. This observation is unprecedented and needs to be considered in further studies in the IgG immunotherapy field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludimila Souza Santos
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Harumi Sabô Inoue
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Archangelo Fernandes Padreca
- Division of Environmental Health, Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Laureate International Universities, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Palamar Menghini
- Division of Environmental Health, Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Laureate International Universities, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto José da Silva Duarte
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Russo Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Division of Environmental Health, Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Laureate International Universities, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
de‐Oliveira MG, Lira AAL, Sgnotto FR, Inoue AHS, Santos LS, Nakamatsu BY, Duarte AJS, Leite‐de‐Moraes M, Victor JR. Maternal IgG impairs the maturation of offspring intrathymic IL‐17‐producing γδT cells: Implications for murine and human allergies. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 49:1000-1012. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marília G. de‐Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM 56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Aline A. L. Lira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM 56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Fábio R. Sgnotto
- Division of Hematology, Medical School University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Amanda H. S. Inoue
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM 56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Ludimila S. Santos
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM 56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
- Division of Environmental Health Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Laureate International Universities Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Bernardo Y. Nakamatsu
- Division of Environmental Health Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Laureate International Universities Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Alberto J. S. Duarte
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM 56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
- Division of Pathology, Medical School University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Maria Leite‐de‐Moraes
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Immunopathology INEM (Institut Necker‐Enfants Malades), CNRS UMR8253, INSERM UMR1151, Université Paris Descartes Paris France
| | - Jefferson R. Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM 56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
- Division of Environmental Health Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Laureate International Universities Sao Paulo Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
The influence of hay steaming on clinical signs and airway immune response in severe asthmatic horses. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:345. [PMID: 30442129 PMCID: PMC6236910 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1636-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Avoidance of antigenic stimuli was found to significantly reverse airway obstruction of horses with severe equine asthma (sEA). To date, no published study investigated the influence of steaming hay on lower airway condition of sEA-affected horses. The objectives were to determine the clinical, cytological and cytokine respiratory responses of both sEA and control (CTL) horses experimentally exposed to steamed or dry hay. Results A cohort of 6 sEA horses and 6 CTL horses was involved in this field study. On day 0, both groups were fed with steamed hay for 5 consecutive days, followed by a wash-out period of 26 days prior to be fed with dry hay for 5 consecutive days. Investigations performed 2 days prior to and 5 days after each challenge included clinical score, tracheal mucus accumulation, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology and cytokine mRNA expression. Feeding steamed hay significantly decreased its mould content (P < 0.001). Mucus score significantly increased when feeding dry hay (P = 0.01). No significant influence of challenge type was found on clinical score. Percentages of neutrophils (P < 0.001) as well as mRNA expression of IL-1β (P = 0.024), IL-6R (P = 0.021), IL-18 (P = 0.009) and IL-23 (P = 0.036) in BALF of sEA affected horses were significantly increased after both (steamed and dry hay) challenges. Relative mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6R and IL-23 in BALF were also significantly correlated to neutrophil percentages and both clinical and tracheal mucus score. Conclusions Steaming significantly decreased mould content but inconsistently influenced the respiratory response of sEA affected horses when fed hay. Based on BALF cytology and cytokine profiles, its relevance might be controversial as a non-medicinal therapy for sEA-affected horses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1636-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
47
|
Revez JA, Killian KJ, O'Byrne PM, Boulet LP, Upham JW, Gauvreau GM, Ferreira MAR. Sputum cytology during late-phase responses to inhalation challenge with different allergens. Allergy 2018; 73:1470-1478. [PMID: 29337345 DOI: 10.1111/all.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In mouse models of allergic asthma, exposure to different allergens can trigger distinct inflammatory subtypes in the airways. We investigated whether this observation extends to humans. METHODS We compared the frequency of sputum inflammatory subtypes between mild allergic asthma subjects (n = 129) exposed to different allergens in inhalation challenge tests. These tests were performed using a standardized protocol as part of clinical trials of experimental treatments for asthma, prior to drug randomization. Five allergen types were represented: the house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, ragweed, grass, and cat. RESULTS Of 118 individuals with a sputum sample collected before allergen challenge (baseline), 45 (38%) had paucigranulocytic, 51 (43%) eosinophilic, 11 (9%) neutrophilic, and 11 (9%) mixed granulocytic sputum. Of note, most individuals with baseline paucigranulocytic sputum developed eosinophilic (48%) or mixed granulocytic (43%) sputum 7 hours after allergen challenge, highlighting the dynamic nature of sputum inflammatory subtype in asthma. Overall, there was no difference in the frequency of sputum inflammatory subtypes following challenge with different allergen types. Similar results were observed at 24 hours after allergen challenge. CONCLUSIONS Unlike reported in mice, in humans the sputum inflammatory subtype observed after an allergen-induced asthma exacerbation is unlikely to be influenced by the type of allergen used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Revez
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - K. J. Killian
- Division of Respirology; Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - P. M. O'Byrne
- Division of Respirology; Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - L.-P. Boulet
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval; Quebec City Canada
| | - J. W. Upham
- Translational Research Institute; University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - G. M. Gauvreau
- Division of Respirology; Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Alfardan AS, Nadeem A, Ahmad SF, Al-Harbi NO, Al-Harbi MM, AlSharari SD. Plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) enhances cockroach allergen extract-driven airway inflammation by enhancing pulmonary Th2 as well as Th17 immune responses in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 164:327-339. [PMID: 29567418 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a gradual increase in the prevalence of asthma. Various factors including environmental pollutants have contributed to this phenomenon. Plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is one of the commonest environmental pollutants due to its association with plastic products. DEHP gets released from plastic products easily leading to respiratory exposure in humans. As a consequence, DEHP is associated with allergic asthma in humans and animals. DEHP is reported to act as an adjuvant in ovalbumin-induced mouse models of asthma at high doses. However, these studies mostly looked into the role of DEHP on Th2 cytokines/eosinophilic inflammation without investigating the role of airway epithelial cells (AECs)/dendritic cells (DCs)/Th17 cells. Its adjuvant activity with natural allergens such as cockroach allergens at tolerable daily intake needs to be explored. Cockroach allergens and DEHP may be inhaled together due to their coexistence in work place as well as household environments. Therefore, effect of DEHP was assessed in cockroach allergens extract (CE)-induced mouse model of asthma. Airway inflammation, histopathology, mucus secretion, and immune responses related to Th2/Th17/DCs and AECs were assessed in mice with DEHP exposure alone and in combination with CE. Our study shows that DEHP converts CE-induced eosinophilic inflammation into mixed granulocytic inflammation by promoting Th2 as well as Th17 immune responses. This was probably due to downregulation of E-cadherin in AECs, and enhancement of costimulatory molecules (MHCII/CD86/CD40)/pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6/MCP-1) in DCs by DEHP. This suggests that DEHP facilitates development of mixed granulocytic airway inflammation in the presence of a natural allergen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Alfardan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir D AlSharari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jevnikar Z, Östling J, Ax E, Calvén J, Thörn K, Israelsson E, Öberg L, Singhania A, Lau LCK, Wilson SJ, Ward JA, Chauhan A, Sousa AR, De Meulder B, Loza MJ, Baribaud F, Sterk PJ, Chung KF, Sun K, Guo Y, Adcock IM, Payne D, Dahlen B, Chanez P, Shaw DE, Krug N, Hohlfeld JM, Sandström T, Djukanovic R, James A, Hinks TSC, Howarth PH, Vaarala O, van Geest M, Olsson H. Epithelial IL-6 trans-signaling defines a new asthma phenotype with increased airway inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:577-590. [PMID: 29902480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies link high levels of IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) to asthma severity and decreased lung function, the role of IL-6 trans-signaling (IL-6TS) in asthmatic patients is unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the association between epithelial IL-6TS pathway activation and molecular and clinical phenotypes in asthmatic patients. METHODS An IL-6TS gene signature obtained from air-liquid interface cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with IL-6 and sIL-6R was used to stratify lung epithelial transcriptomic data (Unbiased Biomarkers in Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes [U-BIOPRED] cohorts) by means of hierarchical clustering. IL-6TS-specific protein markers were used to stratify sputum biomarker data (Wessex cohort). Molecular phenotyping was based on transcriptional profiling of epithelial brushings, pathway analysis, and immunohistochemical analysis of bronchial biopsy specimens. RESULTS Activation of IL-6TS in air-liquid interface cultures reduced epithelial integrity and induced a specific gene signature enriched in genes associated with airway remodeling. The IL-6TS signature identified a subset of patients with IL-6TS-high asthma with increased epithelial expression of IL-6TS-inducible genes in the absence of systemic inflammation. The IL-6TS-high subset had an overrepresentation of frequent exacerbators, blood eosinophilia, and submucosal infiltration of T cells and macrophages. In bronchial brushings Toll-like receptor pathway genes were upregulated, whereas expression of cell junction genes was reduced. Sputum sIL-6R and IL-6 levels correlated with sputum markers of remodeling and innate immune activation, in particular YKL-40, matrix metalloproteinase 3, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β, IL-8, and IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS Local lung epithelial IL-6TS activation in the absence of type 2 airway inflammation defines a novel subset of asthmatic patients and might drive airway inflammation and epithelial dysfunction in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zala Jevnikar
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Jörgen Östling
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Ax
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Calvén
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristofer Thörn
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Israelsson
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa Öberg
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Akul Singhania
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Laurie C K Lau
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Susan J Wilson
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom; Histochemistry Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan A Ward
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom; Histochemistry Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anoop Chauhan
- Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Ana R Sousa
- Discovery Medicine, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, United Kingdom
| | - Bertrand De Meulder
- European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, CIRI UMR5308, CNRS-ENS-UCBL-INSERM, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Peter J Sterk
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London UK & Royal Brompton Biomedical Research Unit at Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Computing & Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yike Guo
- Department of Computing & Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London UK & Royal Brompton Biomedical Research Unit at Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Payne
- Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Barbro Dahlen
- Karolinska University Hospital & Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Dominick E Shaw
- Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Norbert Krug
- Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens M Hohlfeld
- Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Sandström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ratko Djukanovic
- NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anna James
- Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Timothy S C Hinks
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom; NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom; Respiratory Medicine Unit, NDM Experimental Medicine, University of OxfordJohn Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter H Howarth
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom; NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Outi Vaarala
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marleen van Geest
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henric Olsson
- Department of Bioscience, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bratt JM, Chang KY, Rabowsky M, Franzi LM, Ott SP, Filosto S, Goldkorn T, Arif M, Last JA, Kenyon NJ, Zeki AA. Farnesyltransferase Inhibition Exacerbates Eosinophilic Inflammation and Airway Hyperreactivity in Mice with Experimental Asthma: The Complex Roles of Ras GTPase and Farnesylpyrophosphate in Type 2 Allergic Inflammation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:3840-3856. [PMID: 29703864 PMCID: PMC5964018 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ras, a small GTPase protein, is thought to mediate Th2-dependent eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. Ras requires cell membrane association for its biological activity, and this requires the posttranslational modification of Ras with an isoprenyl group by farnesyltransferase (FTase) or geranylgeranyltransferase (GGTase). We hypothesized that inhibition of FTase using FTase inhibitor (FTI)-277 would attenuate allergic asthma by depleting membrane-associated Ras. We used the OVA mouse model of allergic inflammation and human airway epithelial (HBE1) cells to determine the role of FTase in inflammatory cell recruitment. BALB/c mice were first sensitized then exposed to 1% OVA aerosol or filtered air, and half were injected daily with FTI-277 (20 mg/kg per day). Treatment of mice with FTI-277 had no significant effect on lung membrane-anchored Ras, Ras protein levels, or Ras GTPase activity. In OVA-exposed mice, FTI-277 treatment increased eosinophilic inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and airway hyperreactivity. Human bronchial epithelial (HBE1) cells were pretreated with 5, 10, or 20 μM FTI-277 prior to and during 12 h IL-13 (20 ng/ml) stimulation. In HBE1 cells, FTase inhibition with FTI-277 had no significant effect on IL-13-induced STAT6 phosphorylation, eotaxin-3 peptide secretion, or Ras translocation. However, addition of exogenous FPP unexpectedly augmented IL-13-induced STAT6 phosphorylation and eotaxin-3 secretion from HBE1 cells without affecting Ras translocation. Pharmacological inhibition of FTase exacerbates allergic asthma, suggesting a protective role for FTase or possibly Ras farnesylation. FPP synergistically augments epithelial eotaxin-3 secretion, indicating a novel Ras-independent farnesylation mechanism or direct FPP effect that promotes epithelial eotaxin-3 production in allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Bratt
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
| | - Kevin Y Chang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
| | - Michelle Rabowsky
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
| | - Lisa M Franzi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
| | - Sean P Ott
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
| | - Simone Filosto
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Signal Transduction, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Tzipora Goldkorn
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Signal Transduction, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
| | - Jerold A Last
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
| | - Nicholas J Kenyon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
| | - Amir A Zeki
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817; and
| |
Collapse
|