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Jaliliyan A, Madankan A, Mosavari H, Khalili P, Pouraskari B, Lotfi S, Honarfar A, Fakhri E, Eghbali F. The Impact of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery on Apo B100 Levels in Individuals with high BMI: A Multi-Centric Prospective Cohort Study. Obes Surg 2024:10.1007/s11695-024-07258-6. [PMID: 38744799 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic and Bariatric surgery (MBS) leads to significant weight loss and improvements in obesity-related comorbidities. However, the impact of MBS on Apolipoprotein B100 (Apo-B100) regulation is unclear. Apo-B100 is essential for the assembly and secretion of serum lipoprotein particles. Elevated levels of these factors can accelerate the development of atherosclerotic plaques in blood vessels. This study aimed to evaluate changes in Apo-B100 levels following MBS. METHODS 121 participants from the Iranian National Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Database (INOSD) underwent Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) (n = 43), One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) (n = 70) or Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) (n = 8). Serum Apo-B100, lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and fasting glucose were measured preoperatively and six months postoperatively. RESULTS Apo-B100 levels significantly decreased from 94.63 ± 14.35 mg/dL preoperatively to 62.97 ± 19.97 mg/dL after six months (p < 0.01), alongside reductions in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL, AST, and ALT (p < 0.05). Greater Apo-B100 reductions occurred in non-diabetics versus people with diabetes (p = 0.012) and strongly correlated with baseline Apo-B100 (r = 0.455, p < 0.01) and LDL levels (r = 0.413, p < 0.01). However, surgery type did not impact Apo-B100 changes in multivariate analysis (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery leads to a significant reduction in Apo-B100 levels and improvements in lipid profiles and liver enzymes, indicating a positive impact on dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk in individuals with high BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jaliliyan
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Madankan
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hesam Mosavari
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pantea Khalili
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahador Pouraskari
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Lotfi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andia Honarfar
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Fakhri
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foolad Eghbali
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Surgery, Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Division of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yang J, Li Y, Huang J, Lai J, Chen X, Xia W, Wang Y. Effect of oesophagectomy on lipid profiles in patients with oesophageal cancer combined with hyperlipidaemia: a retrospective study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:108. [PMID: 38622571 PMCID: PMC11017670 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery is widely regarded as a pivotal therapeutic approach for treating oesophageal cancer, and clinical observations have revealed that many oesophageal cancer patients also present with concomitant hyperlipidaemia. It is surprising that few studies have been performed to determine how blood lipid levels are affected by oesophageal cancer resection. This research was designed to assess the influence of oesophageal cancer resection on lipid profiles among individuals diagnosed with both oesophageal cancer and hyperlipidaemia. METHODS A retrospective analysis was carried out on 110 patients with hyperlipidaemia and oesophageal cancer who had undergone oesophagectomy at the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Preoperative and postoperative serological data were collected at seven-, thirty-, sixty-day-, and one-year-long intervals. Changes in lipid levels were compared, the remission of various types of hyperlipidaemia was statistically assessed, and Pearson correlation was used to analyse the association between lipid changes and preoperative body weight. The research sought to assess the reduction in body weight and the proportion of body weight lost one year following surgery. RESULTS Noteworthy decreases were observed in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, with TC decreasing from 6.20 mmol/L to 5.20 mmol/L, TG decreasing from 1.40 mmol/L to 1.20 mmol/L, and LDL decreasing from 4.50 mmol/L to 3.30 mmol/L. Conversely, there was a notable increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, which increased from 1.20 mmol/L to 1.40 mmol/L (P < 0.05) compared to the preoperative levels. Notably, the remission rates for mixed hyperlipidaemia (60.9%) and high cholesterol (60.0%) were considerably greater than those for high triglycerides (16.2%). Alterations in TC at one year postoperatively correlated with preoperative weight and weight loss (r = 0.315, -0.216); changes in TG correlated with preoperative weight, percentage of total weight loss (TWL%), and weight reduction (r = -0.295, -0.246, 0.320); and changes in LDL correlated with preoperative weight, TWL%, and weight loss (r = 0.251, 0.186, and -0.207). Changes in non-high-density lipoprotein(non-HDL) were linked to preoperative weight (r = 0.300), and changes in TG/HDL were correlated with preoperative weight and TWL% (r = -0.424, -0.251). CONCLUSIONS Oesophagectomy significantly improved lipid profiles in oesophageal cancer patients, potentially leading to a reduction in overall cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Forc, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Jialei Huang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Jiabin Lai
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Xiangrui Chen
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Wenxuan Xia
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University & Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University & The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, No.156 North West Second Ring Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, P.R. China.
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Pérez Zapata AI, Varela Rodríguez C, Martín-Arriscado Arroba C, Durán Ballesteros M, Bernaldo de Quirós Fernández M, Amigo Grau N, Ferrero Herrero E, Rodríguez Cuéllar E. Advanced Lipoproteins and Lipidomic Profile in Plasma Determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Before and After Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2023; 33:3981-3987. [PMID: 37897641 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is related to cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension, which increase mortality. Basic lipid determinations could underestimate the true atherogenic risk of patients and the impact of bariatric surgery. The objective of the study is to demonstrate the change in the advanced molecular profile of lipoproteins determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in plasma after bariatric surgery, thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Descriptive, observational, and prospective study in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Advanced lipid profile was analyzed in plasma from the immediate preoperative period and at the 18th postoperative month by sending samples and performing plasma magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the BiosferTreslab® laboratory. RESULTS Fifty-two patients were included. Average age of 46.3 years; 63.46% were women, 36.54% men. The average BMI was 43.57; the abdominal perimeter 133.50 cm; 32.6% were diabetics under medical treatment, 44.23% hypertensive, and 19.23% smokers; 86.53% of the patients presented alterations in at least one of the analytical parameters in the lipid study. Twenty-nine (55.7%) underwent banded gastric bypass (PGB), 19.23% underwent GBP, and 17.31% vertical gastrectomy. The rest were revision surgeries, two BPG-A and two biliopancreatic diversions after GV. All patients presented some improvement in advanced molecular profile of lipoproteins. Twenty percent of the patients normalized all the parameters. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery improves advanced molecular profile of lipoproteins, decreasing CVRF. Analysis of the characteristics of lipoprotein particles by NMR spectrometry is optimal for studying lipoprotein metabolism in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Pérez Zapata
- Esophagogastric and Bariatric Surgery Unit, General and Digestive System Surgery Department, Royo Villanova University Hospital, Av. de San Gregorio, S/N, 50015, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Carolina Varela Rodríguez
- Healthcare Quality Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Av. de Córdoba, S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Durán Ballesteros
- General and Digestive System Surgery Department, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Labeaga Auzoa, 48960, Galdakao, , Vizkaia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Bernaldo de Quirós Fernández
- General and Digestive System Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplant Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Av. de Córdoba, S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Ferrero Herrero
- General and Digestive System Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplant Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Av. de Córdoba, S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elías Rodríguez Cuéllar
- Esophagogastric and Bariatric Surgery Unit, General and Digestive System Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplant Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Av. de Córdoba, S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
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Assenhöj M, Almstrand AC, Kokelj S, Ljunggren SA, Olin AC, Karlsson H. Occupational exposure and health surveys at metal additive manufacturing facilities. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1292420. [PMID: 38054074 PMCID: PMC10694287 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1292420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Additive manufacturing is a novel state-of-the art technology with significant economic and practical advantages, including the ability to produce complex structures on demand while reducing the need of stocking materials and products. Additive manufacturing is a technology that is here to stay; however, new technologies bring new challenges, not only technical but also from an occupational health and safety perspective. Herein, leading Swedish companies using metal additive manufacturing were studied with the aim of investigating occupational exposure and the utility of chosen exposure- and clinical markers as predictors of potential exposure-related health risks. Methods Exposure levels were investigated by analysis of airborne dust and metals, alongside particle counting instruments measuring airborne particles in the range of 10 nm-10 μm to identify dusty work tasks. Health examinations were performed on a total of 48 additive manufacturing workers and 39 controls. All participants completed a questionnaire, underwent spirometry, and blood and urine sampling. A subset underwent further lung function tests. Results Exposure to inhalable dust and metals were low, but particle counting instruments identified specific work tasks with high particle emissions. Examined health parameters were well within reference values on a group level. However, statistical analysis implied an impact on workers kidney function and possible airway inflammation. Conclusion The methodology was successful for investigating exposure-related health risks in additive manufacturing. However, most participants have been working <5 years. Therefore, long-term studies are needed before we can conclusively accept or reject the observed effects on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Assenhöj
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center in Linköping, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Almstrand
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Spela Kokelj
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan A. Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center in Linköping, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna-Carin Olin
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center in Linköping, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Shadnoush M, Rajabian Tabesh M, Asadzadeh-Aghdaei H, Hafizi N, Alipour M, Zahedi H, Mehrakizadeh A, Cheraghpour M. Effect of bariatric surgery on atherogenicity and insulin resistance in patients with obesity class II: a prospective study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072418. [PMID: 37369425 PMCID: PMC10410930 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Enormous efforts have been made to evaluate reliable, simple and practical indicators for predicting patients at risk of progression of cardiovascular disease events, whereby bariatric surgery has remained understudied. Thus, we performed this study to assess the effect of bariatric surgery procedures on atherogenicity and insulin resistance indicators. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND OUTCOME MEASURES Four hundred and forty-three class II obese (severely obese) patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or one anastomosis gastric bypass were followed up for 12 months after surgery. Atherosclerosis-related indicators were evaluated at baseline, as well as 6 and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS Atherogenic index of plasma, lipoprotein combine index, atherogenic coefficient, cholesterol index, Castelli's risk indices I and II, and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (p<0.01) improved after 12 months. Additionally, bariatric surgery yielded a significantly reduced triglyceride glucose index. There was no significant difference between procedures in terms of indicators. The Spearman correlation test showed a significant inverse correlation between weight plus fat mass and atherosclerosis-related indicators as well as a positive correlation between percentage of excess weight loss and these indicators. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated three bariatric surgery procedures' ability to improve atherogenicity and insulin resistance in patients with obesity class II. The anti-atherogenicity effects can be partly assigned to the reduction of body weight and adipose tissue. Nevertheless, further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are required to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Shadnoush
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Asadzadeh-Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nadia Hafizi
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Alipour
- Department of nutrition, Shoushtar faculty of medical sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Hoda Zahedi
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mehrakizadeh
- Department of Cardiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Makan Cheraghpour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ligocka Z, Partyka A, Schäfer-Somi S, Mucha A, Niżański W. Does Better Post-Thaw Motility of Dog Sperm Frozen with CLC Mean Better Zona Pellucida Binding Ability? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101580. [PMID: 37238010 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though the search for methods improving cryopreservation of canine spermatozoa led to an improvement of post-thaw quality, fertilizing results after insemination with frozen-thawed semen are still not satisfying. In this study, we focused on modification of spermatozoa membrane fluidity and investigated whether kinematic parameters as assessed by computer-assisted semen analyzer (CASA) can be improved. The primary aim of our study was to investigate whether the use of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins (CLC; 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg) and 2-Hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HBCD; 1 mg) positively influence capacitation status as examined by tyrosinphosphorylation, cholesterol efflux and zona binding assay (ZBA) of spermatozoa. The use of 0.5 mg of CLC increased the percentage of motile, progressive and rapid spermatozoa compared to the control. Addition of HBCD decreased motility and progressive motility of spermatozoa and the population with rapid movement in comparison to the control. The percentage of live spermatozoa without efflux of cholesterol compared to the control was increased when extender with 0.5 mg of CLC was used. There was no change in capacitation status. The zona binding ability of spermatozoa was significantly lower in the group with 0.5 mg of CLC than in the control. In conclusion, these results suggest that improvement of kinematic parameters does not necessarily coincide with better zona pellucida binding ability of spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Ligocka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Partyka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sabine Schäfer-Somi
- Platform for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Mucha
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 7, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
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Durrington PN, Bashir B, Soran H. Paraoxonase 1 and atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1065967. [PMID: 36873390 PMCID: PMC9977831 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1065967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), residing almost exclusively on HDL, was discovered because of its hydrolytic activity towards organophosphates. Subsequently, it was also found to hydrolyse a wide range of substrates, including lactones and lipid hydroperoxides. PON1 is critical for the capacity of HDL to protect LDL and outer cell membranes against harmful oxidative modification, but this activity depends on its location within the hydrophobic lipid domains of HDL. It does not prevent conjugated diene formation, but directs lipid peroxidation products derived from these to become harmless carboxylic acids rather than aldehydes which might adduct to apolipoprotein B. Serum PON1 is inversely related to the incidence of new atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events, particularly in diabetes and established ASCVD. Its serum activity is frequently discordant with that of HDL cholesterol. PON1 activity is diminished in dyslipidaemia, diabetes, and inflammatory disease. Polymorphisms, most notably Q192R, can affect activity towards some substrates, but not towards phenyl acetate. Gene ablation or over-expression of human PON1 in rodent models is associated with increased and decreased atherosclerosis susceptibility respectively. PON1 antioxidant activity is enhanced by apolipoprotein AI and lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase and diminished by apolipoprotein AII, serum amyloid A, and myeloperoxidase. PON1 loses this activity when separated from its lipid environment. Information about its structure has been obtained from water soluble mutants created by directed evolution. Such recombinant PON1 may, however, lose the capacity to hydrolyse non-polar substrates. Whilst nutrition and pre-existing lipid modifying drugs can influence PON1 activity there is a cogent need for more specific PON1-raising medication to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Durrington
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bilal Bashir
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peter Mount Building, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Handrean Soran
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peter Mount Building, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Effects of dietary and exercise treatments on HDL subclasses in lactating women with overweight and obesity: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:2105-2114. [PMID: 35067237 PMCID: PMC9661371 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Childbearing decreases HDL-cholesterol, potentially contributing to the increased risk of CVD in parous women. Large HDL particles (HDL-P) are associated with lower risk of CVD. In this secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial, we investigated the effects of 12-week dietary and exercise treatments on HDL-P subclass concentration, size and apoA1 in lactating women with overweight/obesity. At 10-14 weeks postpartum, 68 women with pre-pregnant BMI 25-35 kg/m2 were randomised to four groups using 2 × 2 factorial design: (1) dietary treatment for weight loss; (2) exercise treatment; (3) both treatments and (4) no treatment. Lipoprotein subclass profiling by NMR spectroscopy was performed in serum at randomisation and after 3 and 12 months, and the results analysed with two-way ANCOVA. Lipid concentrations decline naturally postpartum. At 3 months (5-6 months postpartum), both diet (P = 0·003) and exercise (P = 0·008) reduced small HDL-P concentration. Concurrently, exercise limited the decline in very large HDL-P (P = 0·002) and the effect was still significant at 12 months (15 months postpartum) (P = 0·041). At 12 months, diet limited the decline in very large HDL-P (P = 0·005), large HDL-P (P = 0·001) and apoA1 (P = 0·002) as well as HDL size (P = 0·002). The dietary treatment for weight loss and the exercise treatment both showed effects on HDL-P subclasses in lactating women with overweight and obesity possibly associated with lower CVD risk. The dietary treatment had more effects than the exercise treatment at 12 months, likely associated with a 10 % weight loss.
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Effect of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Lipid Composition in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081809. [PMID: 36009356 PMCID: PMC9405021 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Treatment is mainly low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction. How omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) supplements affect lipoproteins in FH subjects is unknown. We hypothesized that a high-dose n-3 PUFA supplement would reduce atherogenic lipoproteins and influence the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) function. We performed a randomized, double-blinded crossover study with 34 genetically verified FH individuals (18−75 years, clinically stable, statin treatment > 12 months). Treatment was 4 g n-3 PUFAs (1840 mg eicosapentaenoic acid and 1520 mg docosahexaenoic acid daily) or four capsules of olive oil for three months in a crossover design with a washout period of three months. The defined outcomes were changes in triglycerides, lipoproteins, lipoprotein subfractions, apolipoproteins, and HDL-C function. After treatment with n-3 PUFAs, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides were reduced compared to placebo (p ≤ 0.01 for all). Total HDL-C levels were unchanged, but the subfraction of large HDL-C was higher (p ≤ 0.0001) after n-3 PUFAs than after placebo, and intermediate HDL-C and small HDL-C were reduced after n-3 PUFAs compared to placebo (p = 0.02 and p ≤ 0.001, respectively). No changes were found in apolipoproteins and HDL-C function. N-3 PUFAs supplements reduced atherogenic lipoproteins in FH subjects, leaving HDL-C function unaffected.
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Circulating Lipoproteins in Subjects with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery with Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122381. [PMID: 35745111 PMCID: PMC9228705 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of various bariatric procedures on the mitigation of the obese dyslipidemia remains debated, and the impact of these measures on lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels is unknown. In this study we aimed to compare the two most commonly used procedures: gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Adult patients with morbid obesity were assigned to receive either RYGB or SG. The levels of non-HDL cholesterol, LDL/HDL-ratio and Lp(a) at examinations conducted 6 and 12 months postoperatively were determined and compared to preoperative levels to estimate the efficacy of the two surgical methods. All results 6 and 12 months after surgery were used in the comparisons with the preoperative results. A linear mixed regression model for repeated analyses was used. The Lp(a) and the non-HDL cholesterol levels were considerably reduced in the RYGB group, in contrast to the minor changes in the SG group. In addition, the LDL/HDL ratio was significantly more reduced in the RYGB group when compared to the SG group. Conclusively, RYGB was found to be more efficient than SG for the mitigation of obese dyslipidemia, including preoperative high Lp(a)-levels. This might have important individual and societal implications, especially regarding the potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and the related societal costs.
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Abduljabbar MH, Nafea OE, Alahmari WM, Alharthi AA, Alorabi AS, Alharthi SJ, Alosami NA, Larbi N, Alshareef K. Glycemic control after sleeve gastrectomy in Taif Hospitals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2078895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maram H. Abduljabbar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Collage of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola E. Nafea
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Collage of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa M. Alahmari
- Pharm D, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Norah A. Alosami
- Pharm D, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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HDL and Surgery. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1377:189-195. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-1592-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Glycated apolipoprotein B decreases after bariatric surgery in people with and without diabetes: A potential contribution to reduction in cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis 2022; 346:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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High-Density Lipoprotein Subfractions: Much Ado about Nothing or Clinically Important? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070836. [PMID: 34356900 PMCID: PMC8301429 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are a heterogenous group of plasma molecules with a large variety in composition. There is a wide specter in lipid content and the number of different proteins that has been associated with HDL is approaching 100. Given this heterogeneity and the fact that the total amount of HDL is inversely related to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), there has been increasing interest in the function of specific HDL subgroups and in what way measuring and quantifying these subgroups could be of clinical importance in determining individual CHD risk. If certain subgroups appear to be more protective than others, it may also in the future be possible to pharmacologically increase beneficial and decrease harmful subgroups in order to reduce CHD risk. In this review we give a short historical perspective, summarize some of the recent clinical findings regarding HDL subclassifications and discuss why such classification may or may not be of clinical relevance.
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Thakkar H, Vincent V, Shukla S, Sra M, Kanga U, Aggarwal S, Singh A. Improvements in cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL and adiponectin contribute to mitigation in cardiovascular disease risk after bariatric surgery in a cohort with morbid obesity. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:46. [PMID: 33865458 PMCID: PMC8053301 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery can alleviate cardiovascular risk via effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Our study aimed to assess the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL as a negative risk factor for CVD in individuals with obesity and identify the factors associated with improvement in CEC 3 months following bariatric surgery. METHODS We recruited 40 control individuals (mean BMI of 22.2 kg/m2) and 56 obese individuals (mean BMI of 45.9 kg/m2). The biochemical parameters, inflammatory status and CEC of HDL was measured for the obese individuals before bariatric surgery and at 3 months after surgery. The CEC was measured using a cell-based cholesterol efflux system of BODIPY-cholesterol-labelled THP-1 macrophages. RESULTS A significant reduction in BMI (- 17%, p < 0.001), resolution of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-IR = - 23.4%, p = 0.002; Adipo IR = - 16%, p = 0.009) and inflammation [log resistin = - 6%, p = 0.07] were observed 3 months post-surgery. CEC significantly improved 3 months after surgery [Pre: 0.91 ± 0.13; Post: 1.02 ± 0.16; p = 0.001] despite a decrease in HDL-C levels. The change in CEC correlated with the change in apo A-I (r = 0.39, p = 0.02) and adiponectin levels (r = 0.35, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION The results suggest that improvements in CEC, through improvement in adipose tissue health in terms of adipokine secretion and insulin sensitivity could be an important pathway in modulating obesity-related CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Thakkar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Room No. 3044, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vinnyfred Vincent
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Room No. 3044, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sakshi Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Room No. 3044, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Manraj Sra
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Uma Kanga
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Aggarwal
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Archna Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Room No. 3044, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Changes in the Composition and Function of Lipoproteins after Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Severe Obesity. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081716. [PMID: 33923393 PMCID: PMC8071565 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of bariatric surgery on lipid profile and the qualitative characteristics of lipoproteins was analyzed in morbidly obese subjects. Thirteen obese patients underwent bariatric surgery. Plasma samples were obtained before surgery and at 6 and 12 months after the intervention. Thirteen healthy subjects comprised the control group. Lipid profile, hsCRP, and the composition and functional characteristics of VLDL, LDL, and HDL were assessed. At baseline, plasma from subjects with obesity had more triglycerides, VLDLc, and hsCRP, and less HDLc than the control group. These levels progressively normalized after surgery, although triglyceride and hsCRP levels remained higher than those in the controls. The main differences in lipoprotein composition between the obese subjects and the controls were increased apoE in VLDL, and decreased cholesterol and apoJ and increased apoC-III content in HDL. The pro-/anti-atherogenic properties of LDL and HDL were altered in the subjects with obesity at baseline compared with the controls, presenting smaller LDL particles that are more susceptible to modification and smaller HDL particles with decreased antioxidant capacity. Bariatric surgery normalized the composition of lipoproteins and improved the qualitative characteristics of LDL and HDL. In summary, patients with obesity present multiple alterations in the qualitative properties of lipoproteins compared with healthy subjects. Bariatric surgery reverted most of these alterations.
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Ljunggren SA, Ward LJ, Graff P, Persson A, Lind ML, Karlsson H. Metal additive manufacturing and possible clinical markers for the monitoring of exposure-related health effects. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248601. [PMID: 33735215 PMCID: PMC7971853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) includes a series of techniques used to create products, in several different materials, such as metal, polymer or ceramics, with digital models. The main advantage of AM is that it allows the creation of complex structures, but AM promises several additional advantages including the possibility to manufacture on demand or replacing smaller worn parts by directly building on an existing piece. Therefore, the interest for and establishment of AM is rapidly expanding, which is positive, however it is important to be aware that new techniques may also result in new challenges regarding health and safety issues. Metals in blood and possible clinical effects due to metal exposure were investigated in AM operators at one of the first serial producing AM facilities in the world during two consecutive years with implementation of preventive measures in-between. As comparison, welders and office workers as control group were investigated. Health investigations comprised of surveys, lung function tests, antioxidant activity and vascular inflammation as well as renal- and hepatic function analysis. AM operators had significantly reduced nickel levels in blood (10.8 vs 6.2 nmol/L) as well as improved lung function (80 vs 92% of predicted) from year 1 to year 2. This is in line with previously published results displaying reduced exposure. Blood cobalt and nickel levels correlated with previously reported urinary levels, while blood chromium did not. Multivariate modelling showed that blood cobalt, antioxidant/inflammatory marker serum amyloid A1/serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 activity and the hepatic markers aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase were higher in AM operators compared to controls. The study show that the selected clinical analyses could function as a complement to metal analyses in biological fluids when investigating exposure-related health effects in AM operators. However, validation in larger cohorts is necessary before more definite conclusions could be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A. Ljunggren
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Liam J. Ward
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pål Graff
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Helen Karlsson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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18
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Adorni MP, Ronda N, Bernini F, Zimetti F. High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Atherosclerosis in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiological Aspects and Pharmacological Perspectives. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030574. [PMID: 33807918 PMCID: PMC8002038 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the years, the relationship between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and atherosclerosis, initially highlighted by the Framingham study, has been revealed to be extremely complex, due to the multiple HDL functions involved in atheroprotection. Among them, HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), the ability of HDL to promote cell cholesterol efflux from cells, has emerged as a better predictor of cardiovascular (CV) risk compared to merely plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. HDL CEC is impaired in many genetic and pathological conditions associated to high CV risk such as dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, endocrine disorders, etc. The present review describes the current knowledge on HDL CEC modifications in these conditions, focusing on the most recent human studies and on genetic and pathophysiologic aspects. In addition, the most relevant strategies possibly modulating HDL CEC, including lifestyle modifications, as well as nutraceutical and pharmacological interventions, will be discussed. The objective of this review is to help understanding whether, from the current evidence, HDL CEC may be considered as a valid biomarker of CV risk and a potential pharmacological target for novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Adorni
- Unit of Neurosciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Ronda
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.R.); (F.Z.)
| | - Franco Bernini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.R.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesca Zimetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.R.); (F.Z.)
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19
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Ho JH, Ong KL, Cuesta Torres LF, Liu Y, Adam S, Iqbal Z, Dhage S, Ammori BJ, Syed AA, Rye KA, Tabet F, Soran H. High density lipoprotein-associated miRNA is increased following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for severe obesity. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100043. [PMID: 33093236 PMCID: PMC8010476 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most commonly performed weight-loss procedures, but how severe obesity and RYGB affect circulating HDL-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) remains unclear. Here, we aim to investigate how HDL-associated miRNAs are regulated in severe obesity and how weight loss after RYGB surgery affects HDL-miRNAs. Plasma HDLs were isolated from patients with severe obesity (n = 53) before and 6 and 12 months after RYGB by immunoprecipitation using goat anti-human apoA-I microbeads. HDLs were also isolated from 18 healthy participants. miRNAs were extracted from isolated HDL and levels of miR-24, miR-126, miR-222, and miR-223 were determined by TaqMan miRNA assays. We found that HDL-associated miR-126, miR-222, and miR-223 levels, but not miR-24 levels, were significantly higher in patients with severe obesity when compared with healthy controls. There were significant increases in HDL-associated miR-24, miR-222, and miR-223 at 12 months after RYGB. Additionally, cholesterol efflux capacity and paraoxonase activity were increased and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels decreased. The increases in HDL-associated miR-24 and miR-223 were positively correlated with an increase in cholesterol efflux capacity (r = 0.326, P = 0.027 and r = 0.349, P = 0.017, respectively). An inverse correlation was observed between HDL-associated miR-223 and ICAM-1 at baseline. Together, these findings show that HDL-associated miRNAs are differentially regulated in healthy participants versus patients with severe obesity and are altered after RYGB. These findings provide insights into how miRNAs are regulated in obesity before and after weight reduction and may lead to the development of novel treatment strategies for obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hoong Ho
- Lipid Research Group, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kwok Leung Ong
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luisa F Cuesta Torres
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yifen Liu
- Lipid Research Group, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Safwaan Adam
- Lipid Research Group, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Zohaib Iqbal
- Lipid Research Group, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Shaishav Dhage
- Lipid Research Group, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Basil J Ammori
- Department of Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Akheel A Syed
- Department of Endocrinology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fatiha Tabet
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Handrean Soran
- Lipid Research Group, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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20
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Stadler JT, Marsche G. Obesity-Related Changes in High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8985. [PMID: 33256096 PMCID: PMC7731239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In obese individuals, atherogenic dyslipidemia is a very common and important factor in the increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Adiposity-associated dyslipidemia is characterized by low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and an increase in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Several factors and mechanisms are involved in lowering HDL-C levels in the obese state and HDL quantity and quality is closely related to adiponectin levels and the bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate. Recent studies have shown that obesity profoundly alters HDL metabolism, resulting in altered HDL subclass distribution, composition, and function. Importantly, weight loss through gastric bypass surgery and Mediterranean diet, especially when enriched with virgin olive oil, is associated with increased HDL-C levels and significantly improved metrics of HDL function. A thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms is crucial for a better understanding of the impact of obesity on lipoprotein metabolism and for the development of appropriate therapeutic approaches. The objective of this review article was to summarize the newly identified changes in the metabolism, composition, and function of HDL in obesity and to discuss possible pathophysiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia T. Stadler
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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21
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Benaiges D, Goday A, Flores-Le Roux JA, Fitó M, Pozo O, Rodríguez-Morató J, Serra C, Pera M, Llauradó G, Climent E, Castañer O, Ramon JM, Pedro-Botet J. Bariatric surgery and LDL cholesterol (BASALTO) trial study protocol: randomised controlled study evaluating the effect of gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy on high LDL cholesterol. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037712. [PMID: 32912989 PMCID: PMC7485237 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Observational studies have shown gastric bypass to be superior to sleeve gastrectomy in terms of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol improvement. If these results are confirmed in randomised controlled trials, presurgical LDL cholesterol status could be a relevant factor in surgical procedure election. Furthermore, it is also necessary to establish the mechanisms by which LDL cholesterol improves after surgery and whether qualitative and quantitative changes occur in the different lipoprotein subclasses. The first objective is to ascertain whether high LDL cholesterol levels before surgery can be considered an additional factor when selecting the most appropriate surgical procedure for each patient (gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy). Hence, the 1-year remission rates of high LDL cholesterol after gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy in patients with morbid obesity will be compared. Secondary objectives were (1) to compare changes in other lipoproteins and LDL composition and (2) to study the pathophysiologic mechanisms related to LDL cholesterol remission. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A randomised clinical trial, with intention-to-treat analysis, will be conducted to compare LDL cholesterol remission between gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, with a 12-month follow-up. Inclusion criteria will be patients between 18 and 60 years of age with body mass index ≥40 kg/m2 or ≥35 kg/m2 with significant obesity-related comorbidity and high LDL cholesterol levels. Patients will be evaluated preoperatively and at 3, 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery. Examinations will include routine blood chemistry, anthropometric measurements, food intake recall, physical activity questionnaires and serum samples for lipidomic and lipoprotein characterisation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been granted by the Parc de Salut Mar Ethics Committee (2019/8471/I). The study and its conclusions regarding the primary and secondary objectives will be presented as manuscripts submitted for peer-reviewed journal publication. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03975478.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Benaiges
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Consorci Sanitari de l'Alt Penedès Garraf, Vilafranca del Penedès, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CiberOBN. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana A Flores-Le Roux
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CiberOBN. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Pozo
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Rodríguez-Morató
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Serra
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Pera
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Llauradó
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Consorci Sanitari de l'Alt Penedès Garraf, Vilafranca del Penedès, Spain
| | - Elisenda Climent
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CiberOBN. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Ramon
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro-Botet
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
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Bashah M, Aleter A, Baazaoui J, El-Menyar A, Torres A, Salama A. Single Anastomosis Duodeno-ileostomy (SADI-S) Versus One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB-MGB) as Revisional Procedures for Patients with Weight Recidivism After Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Comparative Analysis of Efficacy and Outcomes. Obes Surg 2020; 30:4715-4723. [PMID: 32845477 PMCID: PMC7719107 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Many revisional procedures are available for unsuccessful laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in patients with complications or weight recidivism. Single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass (SADI-S) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB-MGB) are two revisional procedures to address the problem of weight recidivism. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of the 2 revisional approaches (SADI-S vs. OAGB-MGB). Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected database of patients who underwent SADI-S or OAGB-MGB as a revisional procedure for weight recidivism after primary LSG with a minimum 1-year follow-up. Weight loss, comorbidities, nutritional deficiencies, complications, and outcomes were compared in the 2 procedures. Results Ninety-one patients were included in the study (42 SADI-S and 49 OAGB-MGB). There was a significant weight loss (total weight loss percentage, TWL%) at 1-year follow-up observed for SADI-S when compared to OAGB-MGB (23.7 ± 5.7 vs. 18.7 ± 8.5, p = 0.02). However, this difference was not statistically significant at 18 months (26.4 ± 7.3 vs. 21.2 ± 11.0, p = 0.25). Remission of comorbidities (diabetes mellitus and hypertension) was comparable. Although OAGB-MGB had higher complication rate than SADI-S, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.39). No mortality was reported in the study groups. Conclusion Both SADI-S and OAGB-MGB are effective and safe revisional procedures for weight regain after LSG. The short-term outcomes are comparable; however, SADI-S is associated with less upper gastrointestinal complications and could be a better option for patients suffering from GERD post-LSG. Moreover, the underlying bile reflux may get worse with OAGB-MGB. However, further prospective larger studies are needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11695-020-04933-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz Bashah
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammar Aleter
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jawher Baazaoui
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Clinical Research, Trauma and Vascular Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar. .,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Antonio Torres
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Asaad Salama
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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23
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Nienov OH, Machado FD, Dias LS, De Carli LA, Schmid H. Effect of Bariatric Surgery on High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol in Non-diabetic Patients with Severe Obesity. Obes Surg 2020; 30:154-160. [PMID: 31377991 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated changes in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) induced by laparoscopic bariatric surgery (BS) in non-diabetic obese subjects with low (L-HDL-C) or normal (N-HDL-C) levels of HDL-C. We assessed whether increased HDL-C is associated with weight loss, serum non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C), serum triglycerides (TG), and physical activity (PA) before and 6 and 15 months after BS. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, 71 subjects undergoing BS (42 by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 29 by sleeve gastrectomy) were evaluated for the % Excess Weight Loss (%EWL), waist circumference (WC), serum levels of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, TG, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, and LDL-C, and the degree, time, and energy expenditure related to PA. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess PA. RESULTS Levels of HDL-C significantly increased 15 months after BS (p < 0.001) in subjects with low (p < 0.001) or normal (p = 0.017) values at baseline. A similar %EWL, decrease in WC, glucose, non-HDL-C, and LDL-C levels and increase in energy expenditure related to PA, was observed in both groups (L-HDL-C and N-HDL-C) at 15 months after BS. However, the L-HDL-C group presented greater decrease in TG levels compared with N-HDL-C group (p = 0.004). In subjects with increased HDL-C 15 months after BS, there was an association between this increase and the %EWL (p = 0.030), but there was no association with the change in PA. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of PA after BS, subjects with low and normal HDL-C levels at baseline showed an increase in HDL-C after BS, and this increase was associated with %EWL induced by BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto Henrique Nienov
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dapper Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisiane Stefani Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto De Carli
- Centro de Tratamento da Obesidade, Hospital Santa Rita do Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Helena Schmid
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Centro de Tratamento da Obesidade, Hospital Santa Rita do Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Departamento de Medicina Interna, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Abad-Jiménez Z, López-Domènech S, Gómez-Abril SÁ, Periañez-Gómez D, de Marañón AM, Bañuls C, Morillas C, Víctor VM, Rocha M. Effect of Roux-en-Y Bariatric Bypass Surgery on Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Oxidative Stress Markers in Leukocytes of Obese Patients: A One-Year Follow-Up Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080734. [PMID: 32796678 PMCID: PMC7464524 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effect of Roux en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether weight loss associated with RYGB improves the oxidative status of leukocytes and ameliorates subclinical atherosclerotic markers. This is an interventional study of 57 obese subjects who underwent RYGB surgery. We determined biochemical parameters and qualitative analysis of cholesterol, leukocyte and systemic oxidative stress markers —superoxide production, glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and protein carbonylation—, soluble cellular adhesion molecules —sICAM-1 and sP-selectin—, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and leukocyte-endothelium cell interactions—rolling flux, velocity and adhesion. RYGB induced an improvement in metabolic parameters, including hsCRP and leukocyte count (p < 0.001, for both). This was associated with an amelioration in oxidative stress, since superoxide production and protein carbonylation were reduced (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) and antioxidant systems were enhanced (GPX1; p < 0.05 and SOD; p < 0.01). In addition, a significant reduction of the following parameters was observed one year after RYGB: MPO and sICAM (p < 0.05, for both), sPselectin and pattern B of LDL particles (p < 0.001, for both), and rolling flux and adhesion of leukocytes (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Our results suggest that patients undergoing RYGB benefit from an amelioration of the prooxidant status of leukocytes, metabolic outcomes, and subclinical markers of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Abad-Jiménez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (Z.A.-J.); (S.L.-D.); (A.M.d.M.); (C.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Sandra López-Domènech
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (Z.A.-J.); (S.L.-D.); (A.M.d.M.); (C.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Segundo Ángel Gómez-Abril
- Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.Á.G.-A.); (D.P.-G.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Periañez-Gómez
- Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.Á.G.-A.); (D.P.-G.)
| | - Aranzazu M. de Marañón
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (Z.A.-J.); (S.L.-D.); (A.M.d.M.); (C.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (Z.A.-J.); (S.L.-D.); (A.M.d.M.); (C.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Carlos Morillas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (Z.A.-J.); (S.L.-D.); (A.M.d.M.); (C.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Víctor M. Víctor
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (Z.A.-J.); (S.L.-D.); (A.M.d.M.); (C.B.); (C.M.)
- CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (V.M.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (Z.A.-J.); (S.L.-D.); (A.M.d.M.); (C.B.); (C.M.)
- CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (V.M.V.); (M.R.)
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25
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Lorkowski SW, Brubaker G, Rotroff DM, Kashyap SR, Bhatt DL, Nissen SE, Schauer PR, Aminian A, Smith JD. Bariatric Surgery Improves HDL Function Examined by ApoA1 Exchange Rate and Cholesterol Efflux Capacity in Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E551. [PMID: 32260470 PMCID: PMC7226587 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery improves glycemic control better than medical therapy; however, the effect of bariatric surgery on HDL function is not well characterized. Serum samples were available at baseline, 1-, and 5-years post procedures, for 90 patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes who were randomized to intensive medical therapy (n = 20), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB, n = 37), or sleeve gastrectomy (SG, n = 33) as part of the STAMPEDE clinical trial. We examined serum HDL function by two independent assays, apolipoprotein A-1 exchange rate (AER) and cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). Compared with baseline, AER was significantly higher at 5 years for participants in all treatment groups, but only increased significantly at 1 year in the RYGB and SG groups. CEC was divided into ABCA1-dependent and independent fractions, and the later was correlated with AER. ABCA1-independent CEC increased significantly only at 5 years in both surgical groups, but did not significantly change in the medical therapy group. There was no significant change in ABCA1-dependent CEC in any group. The increase in AER, but not ABCA1-independent CEC, was correlated with the reduction in body mass index and glycated hemoglobin levels among all subjects at 5 years, indicating that AER as a measure of HDL function would be a better reflection of therapy versus CEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Wang Lorkowski
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.W.L.); (G.B.)
| | - Gregory Brubaker
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.W.L.); (G.B.)
| | - Daniel M. Rotroff
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Sangeeta R. Kashyap
- Endocrinology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Deepak L. Bhatt
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital Heart and Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven E. Nissen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Philip R. Schauer
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Ali Aminian
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Jonathan D. Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.W.L.); (G.B.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
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Bajer B, Rádiková Ž, Havranová A, Žitňanová I, Vlček M, Imrich R, Sabaka P, Bendžala M, Penesová A. Effect of 8-weeks intensive lifestyle intervention on LDL and HDL subfractions. Obes Res Clin Pract 2019; 13:586-593. [PMID: 31806470 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherogenic dyslipidemia is a cardinal feature of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, which increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Many interventional studies, describing the influence of weight loss on cardiometabolic risks, are bariatric surgery studies. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of intensive lifestyle changes on LDL- and HDL-cholesterol subfractions and cardiometabolic risk factors in obese subjects. METHODS A group of 41 patients with obesity (11M/30F; 44.1±12.4 years; BMI 30.2±6.3kg/m2) participated in an 8-week weight loss interventional program (NCT02325804), consisting of caloric intake reduced by 30% and physical activity (150min/week). Insulin sensitivity was evaluated according to the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and physical fitness was measured using bicycle ergometry. Lipid subfractions were measured using the Lipoprint system (Quantimetrix Corp., CA, USA). RESULTS After the intervention, body weight was reduced by 5.4±4.5kg, as well as body fat mass and waist circumference. Physical fitness improved, systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as heart rate decreased after the intervention. Insulin sensitivity improved after the intervention. Total, LDL, HDL cholesterol, as well as triglycerides decreased after the intervention. Regarding the lipoprotein subfractions, LDL2 and small HDL subfractions decreased, while others have not changed. CONCLUSION Eight weeks of diet and physical activity intervention led to weight and fat mass loss and induced improvement of insulin sensitivity, as well as atheroprotective changes of lipid profile. However, the weight loss associated changes in cholesterol subfractions as cardiovascular risk biomarkers deserve further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Bajer
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Žofia Rádiková
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Havranová
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ingrid Žitňanová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Vlček
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Richard Imrich
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Sabaka
- Department of Infectology and Geographic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matej Bendžala
- Department of Infectology and Geographic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Adela Penesová
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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27
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Wojciechowska-Kulik A, Blus E, Kowalczyk Z, Baj Z, Majewska E. The Effect of Noninvasive Bariatric Surgery on the Levels of Certain Adipokines and Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:481-487. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1695017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edyta Blus
- Department of Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Zbigniew Baj
- Department of Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Majewska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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28
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Carlsson ER, Allin KH, Madsbad S, Fenger M. Phosphatidylcholine and its relation to apolipoproteins A-1 and B changes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:169. [PMID: 31488158 PMCID: PMC6729082 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phosphatidylcholine (PC), the most abundant of the phospholipids, has several metabolic functions in organs such as the liver and the intestine, important structural- and signaling functions in biological membranes, and might have a role in the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), an operation known to ameliorate metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that serum PC, as a reflection of phospholipid metabolism, changes after RYGB, and that changes are related to weight loss and possibly to changes in glucose metabolism (reflected in the HbA1c-level) as well as to changes in serum Apo A1, Apo B and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio. Methods In a cohort of 220 RYGB patients, we studied changes in serum PC after RYGB in relation to serum Apo A1 and Apo B, the main apolipoproteins in HDL- and LDL/VLDL-particles, respectively, up to 2 years following RYGB-surgery. Results Serum PC reached its lowest levels 3 months postoperatively to later rebound to preoperative levels 24 months after RYGB. No difference was seen between patients with or without type 2 diabetes. Serum Apo A1 showed a similar pattern whereas serum Apo B concentrations stayed low after the initial decrease after RYGB. As a result, the Apo B / Apo A1 ratio constantly decreased during follow-up. There was a strong positive correlation between PC and Apo A1, and between PC and Apo B, but none between Apo A1 and Apo B. After RYGB surgery, both PC and Apo A1, but not Apo B, correlated positively to weight loss. In relation to total cholesterol, the molar ratio between serum PC and plasma cholesterol increased steadily after RYGB. Conclusions We conclude that changes in PC and apolipoproteins after RYGB are highly dynamic, reflecting a large plasticity and capability of accommodating lipid metabolism including PC-, cholesterol- and apolipoprotein metabolism imposed by RYGB surgery, independent of glucose tolerance. We suggest that after RYGB and major weight loss, PC and Apo A1 might have a special role in the altered metabolism of lipoproteins. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-019-1111-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Rebecka Carlsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Kristine H Allin
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sten Madsbad
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Mogens Fenger
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
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29
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Alaminos-Castillo MÁ, Ho-Plagaro A, García-Serrano S, Santiago-Fernandez C, Rodríguez-Pacheco F, Garrido-Sanchez L, Rodriguez C, Valdes S, Gonzalo M, Moreno-Ruiz FJ, Rodríguez-Cañete A, Montiel-Casado C, Garcia-Fuentes E. Increased PON lactonase activity in morbidly obese patients is associated with impaired lipid profile. Int J Clin Pract 2019; 73:e13315. [PMID: 30681756 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The paraoxonase-1 (PON1) enzyme could play an important role in the anti-oxidant capacity of high-density lipoprotein. However, there are no studies which analyse the evolution of the three activities of PON1 (PON arylesterase, PON paraoxonase and PON lactonase) after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in morbidly obese subjects. We analysed the association of PON concentration and activities with the evolution of morbidly obese subjects who underwent RYGB, and its relationship with biochemical variables and different atherogenic indices. METHODS Twenty-seven non-obese and 82 morbidly obese subjects were studied before and 6 months after RYGB. RESULTS Before RYGB, morbidly obese subjects had a lower PON1 concentration (P < 0.05) and higher PON lactonase activity (P < 0.001) than non-obese subjects, with no differences in PON arylesterase and PON paraoxonase activities. After RYGB, PON1 concentration (P < 0.05) and PON lactonase activity (P < 0.001) decreased with regard to the presurgery state. PON lactonase activity correlated with the atherogenic index of plasma before (r = 0.19, P = 0.047) and after RYGB (r = 0.27, P = 0.035). In different multiple lineal regression analysis models, presurgery PON lactonase activity was associated with total cholesterol (β = 0.909, P < 0.001), LDL (β = 0.632, P = 0.006) and DBP (β = 0.230, P = 0.030) (R2 = 0.295), postsurgery PON lactonase activity was associated with esterified cholesterol (β = 0.362, P = 0.011) (R2 = 0.131), and the change (Δ) in PON lactonase activity after RYGB was associated with Δesterified cholesterol (β = 0.304, P = 0.030) (R2 = 0.093). CONCLUSIONS PON lactonase activity is associated with the presence of morbid obesity and with an impaired lipid profile. All associations found could indicate the relationship between PON lactonase activity and the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ailec Ho-Plagaro
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sara García-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas-CIBERDEM, Málaga, Spain
| | - Concepción Santiago-Fernandez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Rodríguez-Pacheco
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sanchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiología de la Obesidad y Nutrición-CIBEROBN, Málaga, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodriguez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sergio Valdes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas-CIBERDEM, Málaga, Spain
| | - Montserrat Gonzalo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Moreno-Ruiz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Rodríguez-Cañete
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Custodia Montiel-Casado
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiología de la Obesidad y Nutrición-CIBEROBN, Málaga, Spain
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30
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Price PH, Kaizer AM, Daniels SM, Jenkins TM, Inge TH, Eckel RH. Physical Activity Improves Lipid and Weight-Loss Outcomes After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents with Severe Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:989-996. [PMID: 31050388 PMCID: PMC6533125 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that physical activity improves cardiovascular disease-related lipids beyond that associated with weight loss in adolescents with severe obesity after metabolic/bariatric surgery (MBS). METHODS Objective activity monitor data from 108 participants of the Teen Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) study from baseline to 3 years post MBS were used. Primary outcomes included absolute change in LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) from baseline. Baseline measurement, visit, surgical procedure, and percent change in iliac waist circumference or BMI from baseline in linear regression models were adjusted for use of generalized estimating equations. PROC TRAJ in SAS generated optimal activity trajectories based on individual step count. RESULTS Despite low step counts and slow cadence, differences by activity trajectory were found. Greater absolute decreases in LDL-C and non-HDL-C (-15 mg/dL [95% CI: -28 to -2], P = 0.026; and -15 mg/dL [95% CI: -28 to -1], P = 0.035), respectively, were associated with more activity. More activity was associated with greater resolution of triglycerides, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C dyslipidemia and with greater weight loss 3 years post MBS. CONCLUSIONS More activity in adolescents was associated with improvements in cardiovascular disease-related lipid measures and weight loss after MBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Holland Price
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexander M. Kaizer
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephen M. Daniels
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Todd M. Jenkins
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas H. Inge
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert H. Eckel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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31
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Coimbra S, Reis F, Ferreira C, Nunes S, Viana S, Catarino A, Rocha-Pereira P, Belo L, Monteiro L, Catarino C, Santos-Silva A. Weight loss achieved by bariatric surgery modifies high-density lipoprotein subfractions and low-density lipoprotein oxidation towards atheroprotection. Clin Biochem 2018; 63:46-53. [PMID: 30342017 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Weight loss achieved by laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) induces an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) but a small effect on low-density lipoprotein (LDL), although changes in their quality (size and composition) are uncertain. Our aim was to study the impact of weight loss, achieved 13-months after LAGB, on inflammation and dyslipidemia, focusing on HDL and LDL subfractions, and oxidized LDL (oxLDL). DESIGN & METHODS We evaluated standard lipid profile, HDL and LDL subfractions, oxLDL, interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP), in twenty obese patients, before (T0) and 13-months after LAGB (T1), and in seventeen healthy controls. RESULTS At T1, patients showed lower body weight (12% median weight loss) and anthropometric indices; reduction in TG, atherogenic indices, oxLDL, oxLDL/LDL ratio, CRP and IL-6, and enhancement in HDLc; an increase in large HDL and intermediate HDL subfractions, and a decrease in small HDL subfraction; LDL subfractions were not modified. Percentual change (%Δ) of oxLDL, from T0 to T1, correlated significantly and positively with %Δ of small HDL subfraction and with %Δ of body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Weight loss induced atheroprotective changes on inflammation, and lipid profile, enhancing larger HDL, the more atheroprotective subfraction, reducing the less protective subclass, small HDL, and reducing oxLDL and oxLDL/LDL ratio. Quality of lipoproteins appears useful cardiovascular risk biomarkers, deserving further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Coimbra
- UCIBIO\REQUIMTE, Porto; CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra-Paredes, Portugal.
| | - Flávio Reis
- iCBR, Instituto de Investigação Clínica e Biomédica de Coimbra, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cátia Ferreira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto (FFUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Nunes
- iCBR, Instituto de Investigação Clínica e Biomédica de Coimbra, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia Viana
- iCBR, Instituto de Investigação Clínica e Biomédica de Coimbra, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alice Catarino
- Hospital da Prelada-Dr. Domingos Braga da Cruz, Porto, Portugal
| | - Petronila Rocha-Pereira
- UCIBIO\REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto (FFUP), Porto, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Ciências Saúde (CICS), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luís Belo
- UCIBIO\REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto (FFUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Monteiro
- Hospital da Prelada-Dr. Domingos Braga da Cruz, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Catarino
- UCIBIO\REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto (FFUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Alice Santos-Silva
- UCIBIO\REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto (FFUP), Porto, Portugal.
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Ceha CMM, van Wezenbeek MR, Versteegden DPA, Smulders JF, Nienhuijs SW. Matched Short-Term Results of SADI Versus GBP After Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2018; 28:3809-3814. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-018-3415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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