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Wu JH, Yang TH, Sun YJ, Min Y, Hu Y, Chen F, Chen JJ, Yu HQ. Tailoring the selective generation of oxidative organic radicals for toxic-by-product-free water decontamination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403544121. [PMID: 38805289 PMCID: PMC11161747 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403544121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Peracetic acid (PAA) is emerging as a versatile agent for generating long-lived and selectively oxidative organic radicals (R-O•). Currently, the conventional transition metal-based activation strategies still suffer from metal ion leaching, undesirable by-products formation, and uncontrolled reactive species production. To address these challenges, we present a method employing BiOI with a unique electron structure as a PAA activator, thereby predominantly generating CH3C(O)O• radicals. The specificity of CH3C(O)O• generation ensured the superior performance of the BiOI/PAA system across a wide pH range (2.0 to 11.0), even in the presence of complex interfering substances such as humic acids, chloride ions, bicarbonate ions, and real-world water matrices. Unlike conventional catalytic oxidative methods, the BiOI/PAA system degrades sulfonamides without producing any toxic by-products. Our findings demonstrate the advantages of CH3C(O)O• in water decontamination and pave the way for the development of eco-friendly water decontaminations based on organic peroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hang Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Tian-Hao Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Yi-Jiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing400045, China
| | - Yuan Min
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing400045, China
| | - Jie-Jie Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
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2
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Zhu L, Chen G, Wang Q, Du J, Wu S, Lu J, Liu B, Miao Y, Li Y. High-Z elements dominated bismuth-based heterojunction nano-semiconductor for radiotherapy-enhanced sonodynamic breast cancer therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:914-927. [PMID: 38382375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound and X-rays possess remarkable tissue penetration capabilities, making them promising candidates for cancer therapy. Sonodynamic therapy, which utilizes ultrasound excitation, offers a safer alternative to radiotherapy and can be combined with X-rays to mitigate the adverse effects on normal tissues. In this study, we developed a bismuth-based heterostructure semiconductor (BFIP) to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy and sonodynamic therapy in treating breast cancer. The semiconductor is fabricated through a two-step process involving the synthesis of porous spherical bismuth fluoride and partially reduced to bismuth oxyiodide. Then, followed by surface modification with amphiphilic polyethylene glycol, BFIP is fabricated. Incorporating heavy atoms in the BFIP enhances radiosensitivity. The BFIP exhibits superior carrier separation efficiency compared to bismuth fluoride, generating a substantial quantity of reactive oxygen species upon ultrasound stimulation. Moreover, the BFIP effectively depletes glutathione through coordination and hole-mediated oxidation pathways, disrupting the tumor microenvironment and inducing oxidative stress. Encouraging results are acquired in both in vitro cell and in vivo tumor models. Our study provides a de-risking strategy by utilizing ultrasound as a partial substitute for X-rays in treating deep-seated tumors, offering a viable research direction for constructing a unified nanoplatform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejin Zhu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Guobo Chen
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jun Du
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jiacheng Lu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yuqing Miao
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, Shanghai 200093, China.
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3
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Zhang JX, Zhao ZY. Comparative Analysis of the Interfacial Structure and Properties of BiOX/BiOY (X, Y = F, Cl, Br, and I) Heterostructures through DFT Calculations. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:8397-8406. [PMID: 37179491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the systematic investigation of the microstructure, interfacial energy, and electronic structure of six BiOX/BiOY heterostructures constructed using four bismuth oxyhalide materials. Utilizing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the study provides fundamental insights into the interfacial structure and properties of these heterostructures. The results indicate that the formation energies of BiOX/BiOY heterostructures decrease in the order of BiOF/BiOI, BiOF/BiOBr, BiOF/BiOCl, BiOCl/BiOBr, BiOBr/BiOI, and BiOCl/BiOI. BiOCl/BiBr heterostructures were found to have the lowest formation energy and were the most easily formed. Conversely, the formation of BiOF/BiOY heterostructures was observed to be unstable and difficult to achieve. Furthermore, the interfacial electronic structure analysis revealed that BiOCl/BiOBr, BiOCl/BiOI, and BiOBr/BiOI displayed opposite electric fields that facilitated electron-hole pair separation. Therefore, these research findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the formation of BiOX/BiOY heterostructures and present theoretical guidance for the design of innovative and efficient photocatalytic heterostructures, with an emphasis on BiOCl/BiOBr heterostructures. This study highlights the advantages of distinctively layered BiOX materials and their heterostructures, which offer a wide range of band gap values, and demonstrates their potential for various research and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Yan Zhao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, People's Republic of China
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Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to CH4 and Dye Degradation Using Bismuth Oxychloride/Bismuth Oxyiodide/Graphitic Carbon Nitride (BiOmCln/BiOpIq/g-C3N4) Nanocomposite with Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of visible-light-driven photocatalysts in wastewater treatment, photoreduction of CO2, green solar fuels, and solar cells has elicited substantial research attention. Bismuth oxyhalide and its derivatives are a group of visible-light photocatalysts that can diminish electron–hole recombination in layered structures and boost photocatalytic activity. The energy bandgap of these photocatalysts lies in the range of visible light. A simple hydrothermal method was applied to fabricate a series of bismuth oxychloride/bismuth oxyiodide/grafted graphitic carbon nitride (BiOmCln/BiOpIq/g-C3N4) sheets with different contents of g-C3N4. The fabricated sheets were characterized through XRD, TEM, SEM-EDS, XPS, UV-vis DRS, PL, and BET. The conversion efficiency of CO2 reduction to CH4 of BiOmCln/BiOpIq of 4.09 μmol g−1 can be increased to 39.43 μmol g−1 by compositing with g-C3N4. It had an approximately 9.64 times improvement. The photodegradation rate constant for crystal violet (CV) dye of BiOmCln/BiOpIq of k = 0.0684 can be increased to 0.2456 by compositing with g-C3N4. It had an approximately 3.6 times improvement. The electron paramagnetic resonance results and the quenching effects indicated that 1O2, •OH, h+, and •O2− were active species in the aforementioned photocatalytic degradation. Because of their heterojunction, the prepared ternary nanocomposites possessed the characteristics of a heterojunction of type II band alignment.
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Perumal K, Shanavas S, Ahamad T, Karthigeyan A, Murugakoothan P. Construction of Ag 2CO 3/BiOBr/CdS ternary composite photocatalyst with improved visible-light photocatalytic activity on tetracycline molecule degradation. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 125:47-60. [PMID: 36375929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic degradation was considered as a best strategy for the removal of antibiotic drug pollutants from wastewater. The photocatalyst of ABC (Ag2CO3/BiOBr/CdS) composite synthesized by hydrothermal and precipitation method. The ABC composite used to investigate the degradation activity of tetracycline (TC) under visible light irradiation. The physicochemical characterization methods (e.g. scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV), photoluminescence (PL) and time resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) clearly indicate that the composite has been construct successfully that enhances the widened visible light absorption, induces charge transfer and separation efficiency of electron - hole pairs. The photocatalytic activity of all samples was examined through photodegradation of tetracycline in aqueous medium. The photocatalytic degradation rate of ABC catalyst could eliminate 98.79% of TC in 70 min, which is about 1.5 times that of Ag2CO3, 1.28 times that of BiOBr and 1.1 times that of BC catalyst, respectively. The role of operation parameters like, TC concentration, catalyst dosage and initial pH on TC degradation activity were studied. Quenching experiment was demonstrated that ·OH and O2·- were played a key role during the photocatalysis process that was evidently proved in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiment. In addition, the catalyst showed good activity perceived in reusability and stability test due to the synergistic effect between its components. The mechanism of degradation of TC in ABC composite was proposed based on the detailed analysis. The current study will give an efficient and recyclable photocatalyst for antibiotic aqueous pollutant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaliyappan Perumal
- Material Research and Development Laboratory, Postgraduate and Research Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai 600030, India
| | - Shajahan Shanavas
- Nano and Hybrid Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem 636001, India
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Annamalai Karthigeyan
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram 603203, India
| | - Padmanabhan Murugakoothan
- Material Research and Development Laboratory, Postgraduate and Research Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai 600030, India.
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Kamakshi P, Joshitha C, Chella S, Selvaraj S. Synthesis, characterization of BiOI/rGO nanocomposite and its photocatalytic functionality analysis under visible light. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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7
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Li X, Li K, Ding D, Yan J, Wang C, Carabineiro SA, Liu Y, Lv K. Effect of oxygen vacancies on the photocatalytic activity of flower-like BiOBr microspheres towards NO oxidation and CO2 reduction. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Nourzad M, Dehghan A, Niazi Z, Giannakoudakis DA, Afsharnia M, Barczak M, Anastopoulos I, Triantafyllidis K, Shams M. Low power photo-assisted catalytic degradation of azo dyes using 1-D BiOI: Optimization of the key physicochemical features. CATAL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2022.106567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Lin YY, Hung KY, Liu FY, Dai YM, Lin JH, Chen CC. Photocatalysts of quaternary composite, bismuth oxyfluoride/bismuth oxyiodide/ graphitic carbon nitride: Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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10
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Chen HL, Liu FY, Xiao X, Lin YY, Hu J, Liu GY, Gao B, Zou D, Chen CC. Photoreduction of carbon dioxide and photodegradation of organic pollutants using alkali cobalt oxides MCoO 2 (M = Li or Na) as catalysts. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:114930. [PMID: 35367671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The recycling of lithium batteries should be prioritized, and the use of discarded alkali metal battery electrode materials as photocatalysts merits research attention. This study synthesized alkali metal cobalt oxide (MCoO2, M = Li or Na) as a photocatalyst for the photoreduction of CO2 and degradation of toxic organic substances. The optimized NaCoO2 and LiCoO2 photocatalysts increased the photocatalytic CO2-CH4 conversion rate to 21.0 and 13.4 μmol g-1 h-1 under ultraviolet light irradiation and to 16.2 and 5.3 μmol g-1 h-1 under visible light irradiation, which is 17 times higher than that achieved by TiO2 P25. The rate constants of the optimized reactions of crystal violet (CV) with LiCoO2 and NaCoO2 were 2.29 × 10-2 and 4.35 × 10-2 h-1, respectively. The quenching effect of the scavengers and electron paramagnetic resonance in CV degradation indicated that active O2•-, 1O2, and h+ play the main role, whereas •OH plays a minor role for LiCoO2. The hyperfine splitting of the DMPO-•OH and DMPO-•CH3 adducts was aN = 1.508 mT, aHβ = 1.478 mT and aN = 1.558 mT, aHβ = 2.267 mT, respectively, whereas the hyperfine splitting of DMPO+• was aN = 1.475 mT. The quenching effect also indicated that active O2•- and h+ play the main role and that •OH and 1O2 play a minor role for NaCoO2. The hyperfine splitting of the DMPO-•OH and DMPO+• adducts was aN = 1.517 mT, aHβ = 1.489 mT and aN = 1.496 mT, respectively. Discarded alkali metal battery electrode materials can be reused as photocatalysts to address environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Lin Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fu-Yu Liu
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 40306, Taiwan
| | - Xinyu Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu-Yun Lin
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 40306, Taiwan
| | - Jing Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guan-Yo Liu
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 40306, Taiwan
| | - Bo Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dechun Zou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Chiing-Chang Chen
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 40306, Taiwan.
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11
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Bisht NS, Tripathi AH, Pant M, Kumar Upadhyay S, Sahoo NG, Mehta SPS, Dandapat A. A facile synthesis of palladium nanoparticles decorated bismuth oxybromide nanostructures with exceptional photo-antimicrobial activities. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112640. [PMID: 35752021 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the interaction between microbes and nanocatalysts for finding an inclusive, proactive and deep understanding of nanoparticles-based toxicity is vital for discovering their broad range of applications. Palladium based photocatalysts owing to their unique fundamental characteristics and brilliant physicochemical potential have gained immense interest in environment remediation as disinfection system. In the present study, we report synthesis of a novel palladium nanoparticles decorated bismuth oxybromide (Pd/BiOBr) nanostructures using an energy efficient solution-based method, having excellent photocatalytic antibacterial action. The synthesized nanomaterials was thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques. The photocatalytic antibacterial efficiency of Pd/BiOBr was evaluated against some common pathogenic strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas salmonicida, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis). In our results Pd/BiOBr showed excellent photocatalytic disinfection efficacy with > 99.9% bacterial inactivation. A very low concentration of Pd/BiOBr (0.5 µg/mL) effectively inhibited the bacterial growth in response to just 2 h of visible light irradiation, while 1 µg/mL of Pd/BiOBr completely killed all the tested bacterial strains proving their magnificent bactericidal potential. The developed materials with exceptional antibacterial broad range efficiency can be used in different photocatalytic disinfection systems including water purification systems, biofilm exclusion and combating differential antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Singh Bisht
- Department of Chemistry, D.S.B Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 260002, Uttarakhand
| | - Ankita H Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sir J. C. Bose Technical Campus, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital 263136, Uttarakhand
| | - Megha Pant
- Department of Biotechnology, Sir J. C. Bose Technical Campus, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital 263136, Uttarakhand
| | - Santosh Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Sir J. C. Bose Technical Campus, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital 263136, Uttarakhand
| | - Nanda Gopal Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, D.S.B Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 260002, Uttarakhand
| | - S P S Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, D.S.B Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 260002, Uttarakhand
| | - Anirban Dandapat
- Department of Chemistry, D.S.B Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 260002, Uttarakhand.
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Efficient charge separation and improved photocatalytic activity in Type-II & Type-III heterojunction based multiple interfaces in BiOCl 0.5Br 0.5-Q: DFT and Experimental Insight. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134122. [PMID: 35257701 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nanostructured, inner-coupled Bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX0.5X'0.5; X, X' = Cl, Br, I; X≠X') heterostructures were prepared using Quercetin (Q) as a sensitizer. The present study revealed the tuning of the band properties of as-prepared catalysts. The catalysts were characterized using various characterization techniques for evaluating the superior photocatalytic efficiency and a better understanding of elemental interactions at interfaces formed in the heterojunction. The material (BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q) reflected higher degradation of MO (about 99.85%) and BPA (98.34%) under visible light irradiation than BiOCl0.5I0.5-Q and BiOBr0.5I0.5-Q. A total of 90.45 percent of total organic carbon in BPA was removed after visible light irradiation on BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q. The many-fold increase in activity is attributed to the formation of multiple interfaces between halides, conjugated π-electrons and multiple -OH groups of quercetin (Q). The boost in degradation efficiency can be attributed to the higher surface area, 2-D nanostructure, inhibited electron-hole recombination, and appropriate band-gap of the heterostructure. Photo-response of BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q is higher compared to BiOCl0.5I0.5-Q and BiOBr0.5I0.5-Q, indicating better light absorption properties and charge separation efficiency in BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q due to band edge position. First-principles Density Functional Theory (DFT) based calculations have also provided an insightful understanding of the interface formation, physical mechanism, and superior photocatalytic performance of BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q heterostructure over other samples.
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Spontaneous Adsorption and Efficient Photodegradation of Indigo Carmine under Visible Light by Bismuth Oxyiodide Nanoparticles Fabricated Entirely at Room Temperature. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10050065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) is a targeted material for its relative safety and photocatalytic activity under visible light. In this study, a successful simple and energy-saving route was applied to prepare BiOI through a sonochemical process at room temperature. The characterization of the prepared BiOI was conducted by physical means. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) image showed that the BiOI comprises nanoparticles of about 20 nm. Also, the surface area of the BiOI was found to be 34.03 m2 g−1 with an energy gap of 1.835 eV. The adsorption and photocatalytic capacities of the BiOI were examined for the indigo carmine dye (IC) as a model water-pollutant via the batch experiment methodology. The solution parameters were optimized, including pH, contact time, IC concentration, and temperature. Worth mentioning that an adsorption capacity of 185 mg·g−1 was obtained from 100 mg L−1 IC solution at 25 °C within 60 min as an equilibrium time. In addition, the BiOI showed a high degradation efficiency towards IC under tungsten lamb (80 W), where 93% was removed within 180 min, and the complete degradation was accomplished in 240 min. The fabricated BiOI nanoparticles completely mineralized the IC under artificial visible light, as indicated by the total organic carbon analysis.
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Hassan QU, Channa AI, Zhai QG, Zhu G, Gao Y, Ali N, Bilal M. Recent advancement in Bi 5O 7I-based nanocomposites for high performance photocatalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132668. [PMID: 34718019 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bi5O7I belongs to the family of bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX, X = Cl, Br, I), having a unique layered structure with an internal electrostatic field that promotes the separation and transfer of photo-generated charge carriers. Interestingly, Bi5O7I exhibits higher thermal stability compared to its other BiOX member compounds and absorption spectrum extended to the visible region. Bi5O7I has demonstrated applications in diverse fields such as photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants, marine antifouling, etc. Unfortunately, owing to its wide band gap of ∼2.9 eV, its absorption lies mainly in the ultraviolet region, and a tiny portion of absorption lies in the visible region. Due to limited absorption, the photocatalytic performance of pure Bi5O7I is still facing challenges. In order to reduce the band gap and increase the light absorption capability of Bi5O7I, doping and formation of heterostructure strategies have been employed, which showed promising results in the photocatalytic performance. In addition, the plasmonic heterostructures of Bi5O7I were also developed to further boost the efficiency of Bi5O7I as a photocatalyst. Here, in this review article, we present such recent efforts made for the advanced development of Bi5O7I regarding its synthesis, properties and applications. The strategies for photocatalytic performance enhancement have been discussed in detail. Moreover, in the conclusion section, we have presented the current challenges and discussed possible prospective developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qadeer Ul Hassan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China; Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China; College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Imran Channa
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Quan-Guo Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gangqiang Zhu
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Nisar Ali
- Key Laboratory for Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology of Jiangsu Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research, Center for Deep Utilization Technology of Rock-salt Resource, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
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Chou YC, Lin YY, Lu CS, Liu FY, Lin JH, Chen FH, Chen CC, Wu WT. Controlled hydrothermal synthesis of BiO xCl y/BiO mBr n/g-C 3N 4 composites exhibiting visible-light photocatalytic activity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113256. [PMID: 34311251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The first systematic synthesis of bismuth oxychloride/bismuth oxybromide/graphitic carbon nitride (BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/g-C3N4) nano-composites used a controlled hydrothermal method. The structure, morphology and characteristic of BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/g-C3N4 photocatalyst were measured by XRD, UV-vis-DRS, FT-IR, FE-TEM, FE-SEM-EDS, PL, BET, HR-XPS and EPR. Under visible light irradiation, the photodegradation activity was evaluated for the decolorization of crystal violet (CV) and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (2-HBA) in aqueous solution. The catalytic performance showed that, when using sample BB2C1-4-250-30 wt% g-C3N4 composite as a photocatalyst, the best reaction-rate-constant (k) was 0.071 h-1. It was 1.5 times higher than the k value of BB2C1-4-250 as a photocatalyst. From the scavenging effect of various scavengers, the results of EPR showed that reactive OH was the main scavenger, while O2-, h+ and 1O2 were the second scavenger in CV degradation. In this study, a possible photodegradation mechanism was proposed and discussed. In this work, our method of BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/g-C3N4 preparation could be used for future mass production and the BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/g-C3N4 composite materials could be applied to the environmental pollution control in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Chou
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yun Lin
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shin Lu
- Department of General Education, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yu Liu
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hao Lin
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Chiing-Chang Chen
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Tsan Wu
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan.
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16
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Liu C, Mao S, Shi M, Wang F, Xia M, Chen Q, Ju X. Peroxymonosulfate activation through 2D/2D Z-scheme CoAl-LDH/BiOBr photocatalyst under visible light for ciprofloxacin degradation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126613. [PMID: 34273881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic effect between photocatalytic and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation has been widely applied in the field of sewage treatment. In this work, we synthesized a two-dimensional/two-dimensional (2D/2D) CoAl-LDH/BiOBr Z-scheme photocatalyst via a simple method. Then, multiple detection results demonstrated that CoAl-LDH was successfully anchored onto BiOBr, as well as formed an intimate interaction. Moreover, the photocatalytic degradation performance of the catalysts/PMS/vis system had been explored under several conditions (e.g., different catalyst doses, PMS doses, anions and pollutants). The 8 wt% CoAl-LDH/BiOBr composite exhibited the highest degradation efficiency (96%) of ciprofloxacin (CIP). In addition, radicals quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicated that •O2- and 1O2 were the primary radicals for CIP degradation. The photoelectrochemical measurement and photoluminescence (PL) confirmed that 8 wt% CoAl-LDH/BiOBr exhibited the highest separation and transfer rate of charge carriers. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) analysis revealed that oxidation of the piperazine ring and defluorination were the main CIP degradation pathways. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation, including the laplacian bond order (LBO) and Fukui index, which was consistent with the results of LC-MS. This study explained the superiority of the synergistic effect between photocatalysis and PMS activation on the degradation of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shuai Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mingxing Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Mingzhu Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Qun Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Xuehai Ju
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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17
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Algethami FK, Elamin MR, Abdulkhair BY, Al‐Zharani M, Qarah NAS, Alghamdi MA. Fast fabrication of bismuth oxyiodide/carbon‐nanofibers composites for efficient anti‐proliferation of liver and breast cancer cells. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal K. Algethami
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 90905 Riyadh 11623 KSA
| | - Mohamed R. Elamin
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 90905 Riyadh 11623 KSA
- Industrial research and consultancy center (IRCC) Khartoum North Sudan
| | - Babiker Y. Abdulkhair
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 90905 Riyadh 11623 KSA
- Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 407 Khartoum Sudan
| | - Mohammed Al‐Zharani
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Biology Department Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagib A. S. Qarah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education-Zabid Hodeidah University Hodeidah Yemen
| | - Mashael A. Alghamdi
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 90905 Riyadh 11623 KSA
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18
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Shahzad K, Imran Khan M, Elboughdiri N, Ghernaout D, Ur Rehman A. Energizing periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMOS) with bismuth and cerium for photo-degrading methylene blue and methyl orange in water. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:1116-1125. [PMID: 33502065 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work reported an efficient catalyst to reduce the organic pollutants by using an energetic periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMOS) supported with bismuth (Bi-PMOS) and cerium (Ce-PMOS). PMOS support was designed through co-condensation of sodium silicate and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane on polysorbate templates. The resultant PMOSs were fabricated with bismuth and cerium oxides to formulate Bi-PMOS and Ce-PMOS, respectively. These materials showed photo-degradations of methylene blue (MB, 74.7% and 41.1% with Bi-PMOS and Ce-PMOS, respectively) and methyl orange (MO, 53.2% and 39.4% with Bi-PMOS and Ce-PMOS, respectively). Such efficient photo-degradations were attributed to the precise doping of metallic nodes of Bi2 O3 and CeO2 on the porous structure of PMOS with high surface area. The results also showed that Bi and Ce were more effective in PMOS support for photo-degradation of dyes as the support provides more lifetime to photo-generated electron-hole pairs than other materials. Moreover, active reusability and high degradation efficiencies of Bi-PMOS and Ce-PMOS proved them better analytical tools to reduce organic pollutants under visible lights. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The oxides of bismuth and cerium have impressive photocatalytic characteristics. New material energizing mesoporous organosilica with bismuth and cerium for photo-degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange in water. The use of an efficient catalyst to reduce the organic pollutants by using an energetic periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMOS) supported with bismuth (Bi-PMOS) and cerium (Ce-PMOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noureddine Elboughdiri
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical Engineering Process Department, National School of Engineering Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Djamel Ghernaout
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Blida, Blida, Algeria
| | - Aziz Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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19
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Chen HL, Liu FY, Xiao X, Hu J, Gao B, Zou D, Chen CC. Visible-light-driven photocatalysis of carbon dioxide and organic pollutants by MFeO 2 (M = Li, Na, or K). J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 601:758-772. [PMID: 34098450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, lithium-containing ceramic materials have attracted considerable research attention as high-temperature adsorbents of carbon dioxide. The recycling of electrode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries for use as photocatalysts in recovering CO2 and degrading organic pollutants is worthy of exploration. Solid, magnetic ferrite-containing photocatalysts are easily separated from reaction solutions by using magnetic devices. Solid catalysts (e.g., LiFeO2, LiFe5O8, NaFeO2, and K2Fe2O4) were prepared through the calcination of Fe2O3 and M2CO3. CO2 was photoreduced and crystal violet (CV) and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (2-HBA) were photodegraded under visible light irradiation. The optimized K2Fe2O4 photocatalyst increased the rate of photocatalytic conversion from CO2 to methane at 20.9 µmol g-1 h-1. The catalytic efficiency indicated that the optimized reaction rate constants of CV with LiFeO2, NaFeO2, and K2Fe2O4 were 2.98 × 10-1, 5.32 × 10-1, and 4.36 × 10-1 h-1, respectively. The quenching effect achieved through the use of various scavengers and the electron paramagnetic resonance in CV degradation revealed the substantial contribution of the reactive superoxide anion radical O2- and the minor roles of h+ and the OH radical. Its usefulness in the synthesis of solid-base catalyst MFeO2 is promising for environmental control and relevant applications, particularly in solar energy manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Lin Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fu-Yu Liu
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung 40306, Taiwan
| | - Xinyu Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dechun Zou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Chiing-Chang Chen
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung 40306, Taiwan.
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20
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Silver oxide-bismuth oxybromide nanocomposites as an excellent weapon to combat with opportunistic human pathogens. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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21
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Zhang Y, Ren J, Wang Q, Wang S, Li S, Li H. Oxidation characteristics and degradation potential of a dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for crystal violet dye. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.107930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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22
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Lin YY, Chi HT, Lin JH, Chen FH, Chen CC, Lu CS. Eight crystalline phases of bismuth vanadate by controllable hydrothermal synthesis exhibiting visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Shahzad K, Najam T, Bashir MS, Nazir MA, Rehman AU, Bashir MA, Shah SSA. Fabrication of Periodic Mesoporous Organo Silicate (PMOS) composites of Ag and ZnO: Photo-catalytic degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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24
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Chen R, Xie Y, Chen G, Yang X, Lu X, Wang L. Phase, optical property, and photocatalytic performance behaviors of non-stoichiometric bismuth oxyiodide. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1830112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- College of Science, Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Quantum Simulation and College of Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Health Status Identification and Function Enhancement, Changchun University, Changchun, China
| | - Yabin Xie
- College of Science, Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Quantum Simulation and College of Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Health Status Identification and Function Enhancement, Changchun University, Changchun, China
| | - Guoli Chen
- College of Science, Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Quantum Simulation and College of Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Health Status Identification and Function Enhancement, Changchun University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- College of Science, Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Quantum Simulation and College of Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Health Status Identification and Function Enhancement, Changchun University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Lu
- College of Science, Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Quantum Simulation and College of Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Health Status Identification and Function Enhancement, Changchun University, Changchun, China
| | - Lili Wang
- College of Science, Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Quantum Simulation and College of Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Health Status Identification and Function Enhancement, Changchun University, Changchun, China
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25
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In situ reorganization of Bi3O4Br nanosheet on the Bi24O31Br10 ribbon structure for superior visible-light photocatalytic capability. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Al‐Keisy A, Mahdi R, Ahmed D, Al‐Attafi K, Abd. Majid WH. Enhanced Photoreduction Activity in BiOI
1‐x
F
x
Nanosheet for Efficient Removal of Pollutants from Aqueous Solution. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amar Al‐Keisy
- Nanotechnology & advanced material research centerUniversity of Technology Baghdad Iraq
| | - Rahman Mahdi
- Nanotechnology & advanced material research centerUniversity of Technology Baghdad Iraq
| | - Duha Ahmed
- Applied sciences departmentUniversity of Technology Baghdad Iraq
| | - Kadhim Al‐Attafi
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM)University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW 2525 Australia
| | - Wan Haliza Abd. Majid
- Low Dimensional Materials Research CentreDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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27
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Room-temperature controllable synthesis of Bi5O7I nanostrips for improved photocatalytic activity. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Wang J, Shao X, Liu J, Ji X, Ma J, Tian G. Fabrication of CdS-SBA-15 nanomaterials and their photocatalytic activity for degradation of salicylic acid under visible light. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110139. [PMID: 31901808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CdS-SBA-15 nanomaterials were synthesized by solvothermal method using cadmium nitrate as cadmium source and thiourea as sulfur source. The properties of as-prepared materials were characterized by means of XRD, FTIR, TEM, XPS, N2 physisorption, UV-Vis DRS and PL spectra, etc. The results show as-synthesized materials have partially ordered mesoporous structure, larger specific surface area, and higher content of CdS and good crystallinity. The combination of SBA-15 and CdS did almost no reduction in the absorption light range of CdS, but greatly increased the photocapacity of the composite. The synergistic effect of CdS and SBA-15 leads to improving the photocatalytic degradation activity of salicylic acid under visible light. When the photocatalyst was 30 mg (0.75 g/L) and the concentration of salicylic acid was 10 mg/L, the maximum degradation efficiency of salicylic acid was 84.93% after 6 h of light. Photocatalytic reaction has a lower activation energy (2.90 kJ/mol), activation enthalpy (3.13 kJ/mol) and activation entropy (-281.00 J/(mol K)). The photocatalytic mechanism study demonstrates that superoxide radicals (O2•-) are the most key active species, e- and h+ have something to do with the photocatalytic reaction, while ·OH has little to do with the photocatalytic reaction. In sum, the protection effect of SBA-15 on CdS nanomaterials makes the composite have a higher photolumination intensity and a higher photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, PR China.
| | - Xianzhao Shao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, PR China
| | - Junhai Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Ji
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, PR China
| | - Jianqi Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, PR China
| | - Guanghui Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, PR China
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29
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Lead bismuth oxybromide/graphene oxide: Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity for removal of carbon dioxide, crystal violet dye, and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 562:112-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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Nasr M, Huang W, Bittencourt C, Cui D, Sun Y, Wang L, Caperaa NG, Ning Y, Song P, Bonnet P, Wang C. Synthesis of BiOF/TiO
2
Heterostructures and Their Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Activity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Nasr
- Institute of Chemistry of Clermont‐Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne Campus des Cezeaux, batiment chimie 5 24 Avenue Blaise Pascal 63178‐ Aubiere Cedex France
| | - Wenshi Huang
- Center for Condensed Matter and Material Physics Department of Physics Beihang University 100191 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Carla Bittencourt
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma‐Surface (ChIPS) University of Mons Place du Parc 22 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Dandan Cui
- Center for Condensed Matter and Material Physics Department of Physics Beihang University 100191 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Center for Condensed Matter and Material Physics Department of Physics Beihang University 100191 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Condensed Matter and Material Physics Department of Physics Beihang University 100191 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Nathalie Gaillard Caperaa
- Institute of Chemistry of Clermont‐Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne Campus des Cezeaux, batiment chimie 5 24 Avenue Blaise Pascal 63178‐ Aubiere Cedex France
| | - Yuping Ning
- Center for Condensed Matter and Material Physics Department of Physics Beihang University 100191 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Ping Song
- Center for Condensed Matter and Material Physics Department of Physics Beihang University 100191 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Pierre Bonnet
- Institute of Chemistry of Clermont‐Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne Campus des Cezeaux, batiment chimie 5 24 Avenue Blaise Pascal 63178‐ Aubiere Cedex France
| | - Cong Wang
- Center for Condensed Matter and Material Physics Department of Physics Beihang University 100191 Beijing P. R. China
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31
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Chen A, Wang A, Zhu W, Qian Y, Jiang Z. Efficient catalytic activity of BiOBr@polyaniline-MnO2ternary nanocomposites for sunlight-driven photodegradation of ciprofloxacin. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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32
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Lan M, Zheng N, Dong X, Hua C, Ma H, Zhang X. Bismuth-rich bismuth oxyiodide microspheres with abundant oxygen vacancies as an efficient photocatalyst for nitrogen fixation. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9123-9129. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01332c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A combined bismuth-rich and defect introduction strategy was used to prepare the H-Bi5O7I with abundant oxygen vacancies, which can effectively yield ammonia under visible light without any organic scavengers or noble-metal cocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lan
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- P. R. China
| | - Chenghe Hua
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Ma
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- P. R. China
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33
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Feng Z, Zeng L, Zhang Q, Ge S, Zhao X, Lin H, He Y. In situ preparation of g-C 3N 4/Bi 4O 5I 2 complex and its elevated photoactivity in Methyl Orange degradation under visible light. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 87:149-162. [PMID: 31791488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) modified Bi4O5I2 composite was successfully prepared in-situ via the thermal treatment of a g-C3N4/BiOI precursor at 400°C for 3 hr. The as-prepared g-C3N4/Bi4O5I2 showed high photocatalytic performance in Methyl Orange (MO) degradation under visible light. The best sample presented a degradation rate of 0.164 min-1, which is 3.2 and 82 times as high as that of Bi4O5I2 and g-C3N4, respectively. The g-C3N4/Bi4O5I2 was characterized by X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and transient photocurrent response in order to explain the enhanced photoactivity. Results indicated that the decoration with a small amount of g-C3N4 influenced the specific surface area only slightly. Nevertheless, the capability for absorbing visible light was improved measurably, which was beneficial to the MO degradation. On top of that, a strong interaction between g-C3N4 and Bi4O5I2 was detected. This interplay promoted the formation of a favorable heterojunction structure and thereby enhanced the charge separation. Thus, the g-C3N4/Bi4O5I2 composite presented greater charge separation efficiency and much better photocatalytic performance than Bi4O5I2. Additionally, g-C3N4/Bi4O5I2 also presented high stability. •O2- and holes were verified to be the main reactive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Qingle Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Shifeng Ge
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yiming He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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One-step hydrothermal synthesis of SnO2-MoS2 composite heterostructure for improved visible light photocatalytic performance. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.110398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Jiang T, Jin J, Hou J, Tahir M, Idrees F. Bi 4O 5I 2/nitrogen-doped hierarchical carbon (NHC) composites with tremella-like structure for high photocatalytic performance. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:426-433. [PMID: 31082710 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BiOI is a visible photocatalyst towards organic pollutant. In this work, biomass waste (withered typha grass) was used to fabricate nitrogen-doped hierarchical carbon (NHC) by an one-step carbonization route. Then NHC provided a good carrier to load the BiOI semiconductor materials by a green simple co-precipitation method, after adding NaOH solution, the irregular microspheres BiOI/NHC was gradually etched by OH- to form the tremella-like Bi4O5I2/NHC. The well-defined tremella-like Bi4O5I2/NHC invested adequate interface and high particular surface range (SBET: 66 m2 g-1), which is higher than pure BiOI (22 m2 g-1) and Bi4O5I2 (17 m2 g-1). Multiple synergistic effects, such as high SBET can give more dynamic destinations, the special tremella-like structure can assimilate more reflected occurrence light of other nanosheets, low I content can increase the conduction/valence band gap of semiconductor materials and NHC can act as an electron acceptor, making as-prepared Bi4O5I2/NHC composite ideal candidates for photocatalysis. The degradation rate of Bi4O5I2/NHC reaches up to 87.4% of methyl orange in 2 h, which is about 2 times higher than BiOI and Bi4O5I2. Therefore, this work gives a technique to link NHC derived from biomass waste to Bi4O5I2 with highly-efficiency photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, PR China
| | - Jing Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, PR China
| | - Jianhua Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Idrees
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Siao CW, Lee WLW, Dai YM, Chung WH, Hung JT, Huang PH, Lin WY, Chen CC. BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/BiOpIq/GO quaternary composites: Syntheses and application of visible-light-driven photocatalytic activities. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 544:25-36. [PMID: 30825798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ciao-Wei Siao
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education 403, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Lian William Lee
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yong-Ming Dai
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education 403, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Hsin Chung
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiun-Ting Hung
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education 403, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Peng-Hao Huang
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education 403, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Yu Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiing-Chang Chen
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education 403, Taiwan, ROC.
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In-situ growth of Bi2S3 nanocrystals on Bi4O5I2 nanostructure with excellent photocatalytic performance under visible light. CATAL COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Facile synthesis of metallic Bi deposited BiOI composites with the aid of EDTA-2Na for highly efficient Hg0 removal. CATAL COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Wang CY, Wu T, Lin YW. Preparation and characterization of bismuth oxychloride/reduced graphene oxide for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B under white-light light-emitting-diode and sunlight irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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40
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Zarrabi M, Haghighi M, Alizadeh R. Enhanced sono-dispersion of Bi5O7I and Bi2ClHO3 oxides over ZnO used as nanophotocatalyst in solar-light-driven removal of methylene blue from water. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Li J, Zhou Q, Yang F, Wu L, Li W, Ren R, Lv Y. Uniform flower-like BiOBr/BiOI prepared by a new method: visible-light photocatalytic degradation, influencing factors and degradation mechanism. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03038g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BiOBr/BiOI photocatalyst with different molar ratios was synthesized via a simple one-step solvothermal method. The uniform flower-like BiOBr/BiOI (3 : 1) owns high photocatalytic degradation efficiency, excellent recyclability and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Lijie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Wenying Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Ruipeng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Yongkang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
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Mabuti LA, Manding IKS, Mercado CC. Photovoltaic and photocatalytic properties of bismuth oxyiodide–graphene nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2018; 8:42254-42261. [PMID: 35558407 PMCID: PMC9092079 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07360k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluate the photovoltaic and photocatalytic properties of chemical vapor deposited bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) and bismuth oxyiodide–graphene (BiOI–GR) nanocomposite thin films. The BiOI thin film has an average thickness of 574 nm and a bandgap of around 2 eV. The BiOI and BiOI–GR thin films exhibited nanoflake morphology. It was found that addition of graphene increases absorbance by causing vertical growth of nanoflakes, imparting anti-reflectance and light trapping properties. The photocatalytic activities of the thin films were evaluated by examining methylene blue (MB) degradation under visible light irradiation. BiOI–GR degraded 56.42% of MB in two hours while BiOI degraded 44.16%. Afterwards, FTO|BiOI|graphite|Al and FTO|BiOI–GR|graphite|Al solar cell devices were fabricated with photocurrent density values of 2.0 μA cm−2 and 2.7 μA cm−2, respectively. The improved properties of BiOI–GR are attributed to the anti-reflecting and light trapping properties of vertical BiOI–GR nanoflakes and the enhanced carrier separation due to graphene as an electron acceptor. BiOI nanoflakes grown by air atmosphere chemical vapor deposition showed increased photocatalytic activity when deposited on a graphene coated substrate.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Levannie A. Mabuti
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering
- University of the Philippines Diliman
- 1100 Quezon City
- Philippines
| | - Ian Kenneth S. Manding
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering
- University of the Philippines Diliman
- 1100 Quezon City
- Philippines
| | - Candy C. Mercado
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering
- University of the Philippines Diliman
- 1100 Quezon City
- Philippines
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