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Haase B, Badinska AM, Sowula J, Springer L, Schwarz CE, Stauch A, Weismann C, Poets CF, Wiechers C. Facial growth dynamics dictate optimal facemask fitting during the first year of life. Acta Paediatr 2024. [PMID: 39193840 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to prevent mask leak during ventilation in infant emergencies, appropriate facemask fitting is essential. Therefore, we investigated facial profiles during the first year of life and their correlation with the correct sizing of masks. METHODS This is a post hoc subgroup analysis of 32 healthy term infants, based on a prospective observational study performed from September 2018 to December 2019 in Tuebingen, Germany. In 3-monthly intervals, facial aspects were measured based on anatomical landmarks in three-dimensional frontal photographs to describe their changes across the first year of life. All infants were awake and breathing spontaneously; none required any anaesthesia. RESULTS In 130 3D images, mean distance between nasion and gnathion was 54 mm (3.3) measured at birth and 70 mm (3.5) at age 12 months. Gompertz models showed relevant growth-related changes in the facial profile in vertical but not horizontal direction. Vertical growth occurred mainly in the first 6 months. Boys and girls differed by an average of about 2 mm (boys >girls). CONCLUSION Based on our findings, it should now be verified whether the 50 mm facemasks are suitable for infants from birth to 2 months of age, respectively, the 60 mm version for infants aged three to 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Haase
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ana-Maria Badinska
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lueneburg Hospital, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Julian Sowula
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Laila Springer
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christoph E Schwarz
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Neonatology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anette Stauch
- Center for Pediatric Clinical Studies, University Children's Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Christian F Poets
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wiechers
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Raoul-Duval J, Ganet A, Benichi S, Baixe P, Cornillon C, Eschapasse L, Geoffroy M, Paternoster G, James S, Laporte S, Blauwblomme T, Khonsari RH, Taverne M. Geometric growth of the normal human craniocervical junction from 0 to 18 years old. J Anat 2024. [PMID: 38783688 DOI: 10.1111/joa.14067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The craniocervical junction (CCJ) forms the bridge between the skull and the spine, a highly mobile group of joints that allows the mobility of the head in every direction. The CCJ plays a major role in protecting the inferior brainstem (bulb) and spinal cord, therefore also requiring some stability. Children are subjected to multiple constitutive or acquired diseases involving the CCJ: primary bone diseases such as in FGFR-related craniosynostoses or acquired conditions such as congenital torticollis, cervical spine luxation, and neurological disorders. To design efficient treatment plans, it is crucial to understand the relationship between abnormalities of the craniofacial region and abnormalities of the CCJ. This can be approached by the study of control and abnormal growth patterns. Here we report a model of normal skull base growth by compiling a collection of geometric models in control children. Focused analyses highlighted specific developmental patterns for each CCJ bone, emphasizing rapid growth during infancy, followed by varying rates of growth and maturation during childhood and adolescence until reaching stability by 18 years of age. The focus was on the closure patterns of synchondroses and sutures in the occipital bone, revealing distinct closure trajectories for the anterior intra-occipital synchondroses and the occipitomastoid suture. The findings, although based on a limited dataset, showcased specific age-related changes in width and closure percentages, providing valuable insights into growth dynamics within the first 2 years of life. Integration analyses revealed intricate relationships between skull and neck structures, emphasizing coordinated growth at different stages. Specific bone covariation patterns, as found between the first and second cervical vertebrae (C1 and C2), indicated synchronized morphological changes. Our results provide initial data for designing inclusive CCJ geometric models to predict normal and abnormal growth dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Raoul-Duval
- Craniofacial Growth and Form, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Angèle Ganet
- Craniofacial Growth and Form, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sandro Benichi
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- CRMR C-MAVEM, Filière NeuroSphinx, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Baixe
- Craniofacial Growth and Form, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Clara Cornillon
- Craniofacial Growth and Form, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lou Eschapasse
- Craniofacial Growth and Form, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maya Geoffroy
- Craniofacial Growth and Form, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
| | - Giovanna Paternoster
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- CRMR C-MAVEM, Filière NeuroSphinx, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Syril James
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- CRMR C-MAVEM, Filière NeuroSphinx, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Laporte
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Blauwblomme
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Roman H Khonsari
- Craniofacial Growth and Form, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Paediatric Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- CRMR CRANIOST, Filière TeteCou, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Taverne
- Craniofacial Growth and Form, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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3
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Jeon S, Chung JH, Baek SH, Yang IH, Choi KY, Seo HJ, Shin JY, Kim BJ. Characterization of cranial growth patterns using craniometric parameters and best-fit logarithmic growth curves. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2024; 52:30-39. [PMID: 38135648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have reported a complete quantitative database of cranial growth, from infancy to adulthood, as a reference through three-dimensional analysis. Our study aimed to characterize cranial growth patterns using craniometric parameters by establishing sex- and age-specific norms. In total, 1009 Korean patients (male-to-female ratio, 2:1; age range, 0-18 years) who underwent thin-slice computed tomography (CT) scans for head trauma were divided into 20 age groups, with a 6-month interval for those under 2 years and a 1-year interval for those over 2 years. After four reference planes [Frankfurt horizontal (FH), midsagittal, and two coronal planes passing the sella (S) and basion (B)] had been established, intracranial volume (ICV), anteroposterior diameter (APD), biparietal diameter (BPD), cranial heights (CHs), cephalic index (CI, BPD/APD), and height index (HI, CH-B/APD) were measured using Mimics software. Best-fit logarithmic curves were derived using a linear regression model. The best-fit curves for ICV (cm3) were y = 785.6 + 157*ln(age) for males (R2 = 0.5752) and y = 702 + 150.5*ln(age) for females (R2 = 0.6517). After adjustment for age, males had higher values of ICV, APD, BPD, and CHs than females (all p < 0.0001). ICV, APD, BPD, and CHs demonstrated a rapid increase during the first few months of life, reaching 90-95% of the adult size by 5-6 years of age, while CI and HI showed a continuous decline by 4%, regardless of sex. This study presented cranial growth references for more than 1000 of the Korean population aged up to 18 years. This might help to provide guidelines for diagnosis and treatment (including timing, amount, and direction) for cranial reconstruction in pediatric patients with craniosynostosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmi Jeon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyeok Chung
- Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hak Baek
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Hyung Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Young Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Seo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Shin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jun Kim
- Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Liu J, Froelicher JH, French B, Linguraru MG, Porras AR. Data-driven cranial suture growth model enables predicting phenotypes of craniosynostosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20557. [PMID: 37996454 PMCID: PMC10667230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the first data-driven pediatric model that explains cranial sutural growth in the pediatric population. We segmented the cranial bones in the neurocranium from the cross-sectional CT images of 2068 normative subjects (age 0-10 years), and we used a 2D manifold-based cranial representation to establish local anatomical correspondences between subjects guided by the location of the cranial sutures. We designed a diffeomorphic spatiotemporal model of cranial bone development as a function of local sutural growth rates, and we inferred its parameters statistically from our cross-sectional dataset. We used the constructed model to predict growth for 51 independent normative patients who had longitudinal images. Moreover, we used our model to simulate the phenotypes of single suture craniosynostosis, which we compared to the observations from 212 patients. We also evaluated the accuracy predicting personalized cranial growth for 10 patients with craniosynostosis who had pre-surgical longitudinal images. Unlike existing statistical and simulation methods, our model was inferred from real image observations, explains cranial bone expansion and displacement as a consequence of sutural growth and it can simulate craniosynostosis. This pediatric cranial suture growth model constitutes a necessary tool to study abnormal development in the presence of cranial suture pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Joseph H Froelicher
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brooke French
- Department of Pediatric Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Marius George Linguraru
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
- Departments of Radiology and Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Antonio R Porras
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Pediatric Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Trandzhiev M, Vezirska DI, Maslarski I, Milev MD, Laleva L, Nakov V, Cornelius JF, Spiriev T. Photogrammetry Applied to Neurosurgery: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e46251. [PMID: 37908958 PMCID: PMC10614469 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Photogrammetry refers to the process of creating 3D models and taking measurements through the use of photographs. Photogrammetry has many applications in neurosurgery, such as creating 3D anatomical models and diagnosing and evaluating head shape and posture deformities. This review aims to summarize the uses of the technique in the neurosurgical practice and showcase the systems and software required for its implementation. A literature review was done in the online database PubMed. Papers were searched using the keywords "photogrammetry", "neurosurgery", "neuroanatomy", "craniosynostosis" and "scoliosis". The identified articles were later put through primary (abstracts and titles) and secondary (full text) screening for eligibility for inclusion. In total, 86 articles were included in the review from 315 papers identified. The review showed that the main uses of photogrammetry in the field of neurosurgery are related to the creation of 3D models of complex neuroanatomical structures and surgical approaches, accompanied by the uses for diagnosis and evaluation of patients with structural deformities of the head and trunk, such as craniosynostosis and scoliosis. Additionally, three instances of photogrammetry applied for more specific aims, namely, cervical spine surgery, skull-base surgery, and radiosurgery, were identified. Information was extracted on the software and systems used to execute the method. With the development of the photogrammetric method, it has become possible to create accurate 3D models of physical objects and analyze images with dedicated software. In the neurosurgical setting, this has translated into the creation of anatomical teaching models and surgical 3D models as well as the evaluation of head and spine deformities. Through those applications, the method has the potential to facilitate the education of residents and medical students and the diagnosis of patient pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Trandzhiev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, BGR
| | - Donika I Vezirska
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, BGR
| | - Ivan Maslarski
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, University Hospital Lozenetz, Medical Faculty, Sofia University, Sofia, BGR
| | - Milko D Milev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, BGR
| | - Lili Laleva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, BGR
| | - Vladimir Nakov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, BGR
| | - Jan F Cornelius
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, DEU
| | - Toma Spiriev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, BGR
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6
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Boyd DC, Cheek KG, Boyd CC. Fatal non-accidental pediatric cranial fracture risk and three-layered cranial architecture development. J Forensic Sci 2023; 68:46-58. [PMID: 36529468 PMCID: PMC10108079 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the influence of three-layered cranial architecture development upon blunt force trauma (BFT) cranial outcomes associated with pediatric non-accidental injury (NAI). Macroscopic and microscopic metric and morphological comparisons of subadult crania ranging from perinatal to 17 years of age chronicle the ontogenetic development and spatial and temporal variability in the emergence of a mature cranial architecture. Cranial vault thickness increases with subadult age, accelerating in the first 2 years of life due to rapid brain growth during this period. Three-layer differentiation of the cranial tables and diploë initiates by 3-6 months but is not consistently observed until 18 months to 2 years; diploë formation is not well developed until after age 4 and does not manifest a mature appearance until after age 8. These results allow topographic documentation of cortical and diploic development and temporal and spatial variability across the growing cranium. The lateral cranial vault is identified as expressing delayed development and reduced expression of the three-layer architecture, a pattern that continues into adulthood. Comparison of fracture locations from known BFT pediatric cases with identified cranial fracture high-risk impact regions shows a concordance and suggests the presence of a higher fracture risk associated with non-accidental BFT in the lateral vault region in subadults below the age of 2. The absence or lesser development of a three-layered architecture in subadults leaves their cranial bones, particularly in the lateral vault, thin and vulnerable to the effects of BFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna C Boyd
- Department of Anthropological Sciences, Radford University Forensic Science Institute, Radford, Virginia, USA.,Department of Basic Science, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Kimber G Cheek
- Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - C Clifford Boyd
- Department of Anthropological Sciences, Radford University Forensic Science Institute, Radford, Virginia, USA
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7
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Miyabayashi H, Nagano N, Hashimoto S, Saito K, Kato R, Noto T, Sasano M, Sumi K, Yoshino A, Morioka I. Evaluating Cranial Growth in Japanese Infants Using a Three-dimensional Scanner: Relationship between Growth-related Parameters and Deformational Plagiocephaly. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2022; 62:521-529. [PMID: 36184476 DOI: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2022-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes in the cranial shape of healthy Japanese infants using a three-dimensional scanner and construct a normal values database for the growth process. Preterm infants (gestational age < 37 weeks), infants with neonatal asphyxia (5-minute Apgar score of <7), and patients who started helmet therapy for deformational plagiocephaly were excluded from this study. The first scan was performed at approximately 1 month of age, followed by two scans conducted at 3 and 6 months of age. The parameters considered were as follows: cranial length, width, height, circumference, volume, cranial vault asymmetry index, and cephalic index. A cranial vault asymmetry index >5% was defined as deformational plagiocephaly. Changes in each parameter were examined using repeated-measures analysis of variance classified by sex and deformational plagiocephaly status. The rate of increase in each parameter was also examined. In total, 88 infants (45 boys and 43 girls) were included in this study. All growth-related parameters were noted to increase linearly with time. Sex differences were observed in all parameters except cranial length. Deformational plagiocephaly was found to have no effect on growth-related parameters. Cranial volume increased by 60% from 1 to 6 months of age. The growth almost uniformly influenced the rate of increase in volume in each coordinate axis direction. Overall, the mean trends in three-dimensional parameters in infants up to 6 months of age were obtained using a three-dimensional scanner. These trends could be used as a guide by medical professionals involved in cranioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Miyabayashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center
| | - Nobuhiko Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Risa Kato
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Takanori Noto
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine.,Noto Children's Clinic
| | - Mari Sasano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Koichiro Sumi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Atsuo Yoshino
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
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Three-Dimensional versus Two-Dimensional Evaluations of Cranial Asymmetry in Deformational Plagiocephaly Using a Three-Dimensional Scanner. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9060788. [PMID: 35740725 PMCID: PMC9221621 DOI: 10.3390/children9060788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the measurement precision of a three-dimensional (3D) scanner that detects the geometric shape as surface data and to investigate the differences between two-dimensional (2D) and 3D evaluations in infants with deformational plagiocephaly. Using the 3D scanner that can perform both 2D and 3D evaluations, we calculated cranial asymmetry (CA) for the 2D evaluation, and the anterior symmetry ratio (ASR) and posterior symmetry ratio (PSR) for the 3D evaluation. Intra- and inter-examiner precision analyses revealed that the coefficients of the variation measurements were extremely low (<1%) for all variables, except CA (5%). In 530 infants, the coincidence rate of CA severity by the 2D evaluation and the 3D evaluation was 83.4%. A disagreement on severity was found between 2D and 3D evaluations in 88 infants (16.6%): 68 infants (12.8%) were assessed as severe by 2D evaluation and mild by the 3D evaluation, while 20 infants (3.8%) were evaluated as mild by 2D and severe by 3D evaluation. Overall, the 2D evaluation identified more infants as severe than the 3D evaluation. The 3D evaluation proved more precise than the 2D evaluation. We found that approximately one in six infants differed in severity between 2D and 3D evaluations.
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9
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van Gils RHJ, Wauben LSGL, Helder OK. Body size measuring techniques enabling stress-free growth monitoring of extreme preterm infants inside incubators: A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267285. [PMID: 35452486 PMCID: PMC9033282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Growth monitoring of preterm infants is essential for assessing the nutritional effects on their growth. The current growth monitoring techniques are too stressful, however, for the smallest preterm infants. We performed a systematic review to summarize studies on stress-free techniques for measuring the body size of preterm infants inside incubators other than the traditional calliper and tape measure-based instruments. Methods We searched four online literature databases: Embase, Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane, using search terms related to patients (neonates, infants, children) and body size measuring techniques. By means of expert judgement we assessed the techniques’ suitability for stress-free body size measurement of an infant lying in an incubator. As a criterion for suitability, we used an imaginary ideal technique. Results Twenty-six studies were included in this review. In 24 studies, the technique for body size measurement was related to 3D technology, and the majority of these studies acknowledged clinical superiority of 3D over 2D data. Two 3D techniques were assessed as suitable for stress-free measurement of preterm infants inside incubators. The first technique used a commercially available 3D handheld scanner which needed 3D postprocessing to derive measurement data. The second technique used a self-developed stereoscopic vision system. Conclusions 3D volumetric parameters have higher clinical value for growth monitoring than 2D. In addition, contactless 3D measurements enable stress-free growth monitoring of even the smallest preterm infants. However, the time-consuming 3D postprocessing challenges the usability of 3D techniques. Regrettably, none of the identified suitable 3D techniques met all our requirements of an ideal all-in-one body size measuring technique for extreme preterm infants. Handheld 3D scanning might have the best properties for developing this ideal technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald H. J. van Gils
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Create4Care, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Engineering & Applied Science, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Linda S. G. L. Wauben
- Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Onno K. Helder
- Department of Create4Care, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Cranial Shape in Infants Aged One Month Can Predict the Severity of Deformational Plagiocephaly at the Age of Six Months. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071797. [PMID: 35407405 PMCID: PMC8999343 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to monitor changes in cranial shape using three-dimensional (3D) scanning to determine whether the severity of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) at the age of 6 months could be predicted at the age of 1 month. The cranial shape was measured at the ages of 1, 3, and 6 months (T1, T2, and T3, respectively) in 92 infants. We excluded those who received helmet treatment before T3. The cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) using 3D scanning was evaluated in all infants. DP was defined as a CVAI > 5.0% with mild (CVAI ≤ 6.25%) or moderate/severe severity (CVAI > 6.25%). The CVAI cut-off value at T1 for severe DP at T3 was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. At T1, T2, and T3, the respective CVAI median values were 5.0%, 5.8%, and 4.7% and the DP incidence was 50.0%, 56.8%, and 43.2%, respectively. The DP severity temporarily worsened from T1 to T2 but then improved at T3. Among the infants, 73.9% had a similar DP severity at T1 and T3 (p = 1.0). A ROC curve analysis revealed a CVAI cut-off value of 7.8% at T1 predicted severe DP. It was concluded that later DP severity could be predicted using 3D scanning at T1 with properly defined cut-off values.
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MIYABAYASHI H, NAGANO N, KATO R, NOTO T, HASHIMOTO S, SAITO K, MORIOKA I. Reference Values for Cranial Morphology Based on Three-dimensional Scan Analysis in 1-month-old Healthy Infants in Japan. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2022; 62:246-253. [PMID: 35370246 PMCID: PMC9178114 DOI: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2021-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, molded helmet therapy is used to treat infants with deformational plagiocephaly. However, the indices of normal cranial shape remain unclear, and thus, the prevalence of deformational plagiocephaly is unknown, particularly in Japan. We investigated the reference values for cranial morphological characteristics in 1-month-old Japanese infants using a three-dimensional scanner, to determine the prevalence of deformational plagiocephaly. One hundred fifty-three healthy infants who visited three hospitals (from April 2020 to March 2021) were enrolled. Cranial shape was measured using a three-dimensional scanner and was analyzed using image analysis software. Outcome measures were cranial volume, length, width, length-width ratio, circumference, asymmetry, and vault asymmetry index; cephalic index; and anterior, posterior, and overall symmetry ratios. The cranial vault asymmetry index >3.5% or ≥10% were diagnosed as deformational or severe deformational plagiocephaly, respectively. The mean age at measurement was 35.7 days. The mean cranial volume was 559 mL; cranial length, 129 mm; cranial width, 110 mm; length-width ratio, 118%; cephalic index, 85.2%; cranial circumference, 377 mm, cranial asymmetry, 6.4 mm; cranial vault asymmetry index, 5.0%; and anterior, posterior, and overall asymmetry ratios, 93.1%, 91.3%, and 96.4%, respectively. The prevalence of deformational and severe deformational plagiocephaly was 64.7% and 6.6%, respectively. Sex-based differences were observed for cranial volume and width. The results obtained in this study can be considered standard values that can facilitate the differentiation of abnormal infant cranial morphological characteristics for Japanese medical practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi MIYABAYASHI
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Nobuhiko NAGANO
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Risa KATO
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Takanori NOTO
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | | | - Katsuya SAITO
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Ichiro MORIOKA
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
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Integration and Application of Multimodal Measurement Techniques: Relevance of Photogrammetry to Orthodontics. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21238026. [PMID: 34884030 PMCID: PMC8659967 DOI: 10.3390/s21238026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging, including 3D modalities, is increasingly being applied in orthodontics, both as a diagnostic tool and especially for the design of intraoral appliances, where geometric accuracy is very important. Laser scanners and other precision 3D-imaging devices are expensive and cumbersome, which limits their use in medical practice. Photogrammetry, using ordinary 2D photographs or video recordings to create 3D imagery, offers a cheaper and more convenient alternative, replacing the specialised equipment with handy consumer cameras. The present study addresses the question of to what extent, and under what conditions, this technique can be an adequate replacement for the 3D scanner. The accuracy of simple surface reconstruction and of model embedding achieved with photogrammetry was verified against that obtained with a triangulating laser scanner. To roughly evaluate the impact of image imperfections on photogrammetric reconstruction, the photographs for photogrammetry were taken under various lighting conditions and were used either raw or with a blur-simulating defocus. Video footage was also tested as another 2D-imaging modality feeding data into photogrammetry. The results show the significant potential of photogrammetric techniques.
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Santander P, Quast A, Hubbert J, Juenemann L, Horn S, Hensel KO, Meyer-Marcotty P, Dieks JK. Stereophotogrammetric head shape assessment in neonates is feasible and can identify distinct differences between term-born and very preterm infants at term equivalent age. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21155. [PMID: 34707196 PMCID: PMC8551176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of head shape and volume may reflect neurodevelopmental outcome and therefore is of paramount importance in neonatal care. Here, we compare head morphology in 25 very preterm infants with a birth weight of below 1500 g and / or a gestational age (GA) before 32 completed weeks to 25 term infants with a GA of 37–42 weeks at term equivalent age (TEA) and identify possible risk factors for non-synostotic head shape deformities. For three-dimensional head assessments, a portable stereophotogrammetric device was used. The most common and distinct head shape deformity in preterm infants was dolichocephaly. Severity of dolichocephaly correlated with GA and body weight at TEA but not with other factors such as neonatal morbidity, sex or total duration of respiratory support. Head circumference (HC) and cranial volume (CV) were not significantly different between the preterm and term infant group. Digitally measured HC and the CV significantly correlated even in infants with head shape deformities. Our study shows that stereophotogrammetric head assessment is feasible in all preterm and term infants and provides valuable information on volumetry and comprehensive head shape characteristics. In a small sample of preterm infants, body weight at TEA was identified as a specific risk factor for the development of dolichocephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Santander
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anja Quast
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Hubbert
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Juenemann
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Horn
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Neonatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Georg-August University Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kai O Hensel
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Neonatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Georg-August University Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Meyer-Marcotty
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jana-Katharina Dieks
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Neonatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Georg-August University Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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Pastor-Pons I, Lucha-López MO, Barrau-Lalmolda M, Rodes-Pastor I, Rodríguez-Fernández ÁL, Hidalgo-García C, Tricás-Moreno JM. Efficacy of pediatric integrative manual therapy in positional plagiocephaly: a randomized controlled trial. Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:132. [PMID: 34090515 PMCID: PMC8180102 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positional plagiocephaly frequently affects healthy babies. It is hypothesized that manual therapy tailored to pediatrics is more effective in improving plagiocephalic cranial asymmetry than just repositioning and sensory and motor stimulation. METHODS Thirty-four neurologically healthy subjects aged less than 28 weeks old with a difference of at least 5 mm between cranial diagonal diameters were randomly distributed into 2 groups. For 10 weeks, the pediatric integrative manual therapy (PIMT) group received manual therapy plus a caregiver education program, while the controls received the same education program exclusively. Cranial shape was evaluated using anthropometry; cranial index (CI) and cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) were calculated. Parental perception of change was assessed using a visual analogue scale (- 10 cm to + 10 cm). RESULTS CVAI presented a greater decrease in PIMT group: 3.72 ± 1.40% compared with 0.34 ± 1.72% in the control group (p = 0.000). CI did not present significant differences between groups. Manual therapy led to a more positive parental perception of cranial changes (manual therapy: 6.66 ± 2.07 cm; control: 4.25 ± 2.31 cm; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION Manual therapy plus a caregiver education program improved CVAI and led to parental satisfaction more effectively than solely a caregiver education program. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration number: NCT03659032 ; registration date: September 1, 2018. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Pastor-Pons
- Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería, Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Terapias Integrativas, Constitución 29 Dplo, 50001 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Orosia Lucha-López
- Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería, Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Iñaki Rodes-Pastor
- Instituto de Terapias Integrativas, Constitución 29 Dplo, 50001 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Luis Rodríguez-Fernández
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - César Hidalgo-García
- Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería, Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose Miguel Tricás-Moreno
- Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería, Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Kunz F, Hirth M, Schweitzer T, Linz C, Goetz B, Stellzig-Eisenhauer A, Borchert K, Böhm H. Subjective perception of craniofacial growth asymmetries in patients with deformational plagiocephaly. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:525-537. [PMID: 32607831 PMCID: PMC7819928 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present investigation aimed to evaluate the subjective perception of deformational cranial asymmetries by different observer groups and to compare these subjective perceptions with objective parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 3D datasets of ten infants with different severities of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) were presented to 203 observers, who had been subdivided into five different groups (specialists, pediatricians, medical doctors (not pediatricians), parents of infants with DP, and laypersons). The observers rated their subjective perception of the infants' cranial asymmetries using a 4-point Likert-type scale. The ratings from the observer groups were compared with one another using a multilevel modelling linear regression analysis and were correlated with four commonly used parameters to objectively quantify the cranial asymmetries. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the ratings of the specialists and those of the parents of infants with DP, but both groups provided significantly more asymmetric ratings than did pediatricians, medical doctors, or laypersons. Moreover, the subjective perception of cranial asymmetries correlated significantly with commonly used parameters for objectively quantifying cranial asymmetries. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that different observer groups perceive the severity of cranial asymmetries differently. Pediatricians' more moderate perception of cranial asymmetries may reduce the likelihood of parents to seek therapeutic interventions for their infants. Moreover, we identified some objective symmetry-related parameters that correlated strongly with the observers' subjective perceptions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Knowledge about these findings is important for clinicians when educating parents of infants with DP about the deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kunz
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Hirth
- User-centric Analysis of Multimedia Data Group of TU Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Tilmann Schweitzer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Linz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Goetz
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Kathrin Borchert
- Communication Networks of the University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Böhm
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Kuwahara K, Hikosaka M, Takamatsu A, Miyazaki O, Nosaka S, Ogawa R, Kaneko T. Average Models and 3-dimensional Growth Patterns of the Healthy Infant Cranium. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 8:e3032. [PMID: 32983787 PMCID: PMC7489617 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of cranial deformity is often performed during infancy in cases such as craniosynostosis and deformational plagiocephaly. To acquire morphologic standards for the treatment goals of these conditions, we created cranial average models and elucidated the growth patterns of the cranium of healthy infants in 3-dimension (3D) using homologous modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kuwahara
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hikosaka
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ako Takamatsu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Miyazaki
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nosaka
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kaneko
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Meulstee J, de Jong G, Borstlap W, Koerts G, Maal T, Delye H. The normal evolution of the cranium in three dimensions. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:739-749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Graham T, Millay K, Wang J, Adams-Huet B, O’Briant E, Oldham M, Smith S. Significant Factors in Cranial Remolding Orthotic Treatment of Asymmetrical Brachycephaly. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1027. [PMID: 32260587 PMCID: PMC7231243 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective chart review focuses on determining the most effective time to begin cranial remolding orthosis (CRO) treatment for infants with asymmetrical brachycephaly. Subjects with asymmetrical brachycephaly started CRO treatment between 3 and 18 months of age. These infants had a cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) ≥ 3.5 and a cranial index (CI) ≥ 90. Subjects were excluded if they had any comorbidities affecting growth, dropped out of treatment, were lost to follow-up, or were noncompliant. Factors which were found to statistically influence treatment outcomes were subject initial age, initial CVAI, and initial CI. Overall, younger subjects were more likely to achieve a corrected head shape. The presence of prematurity or torticollis had statistically nonsignificant effects on the success of treatment. Initial CI was found to be a stronger predictor than initial CVAI as to which subjects achieved correction. The less severe the starting CI, the more likely the subject was to achieve full correction. The clinical understanding is that it requires more cranial growth to "round out" a full posterior skull flattening than an asymmetry. Based on the study results, infants with asymmetrical brachycephaly should be treated as early as possible to increase chances of achieving full correction of the deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Graham
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Kelly Millay
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Jijia Wang
- Applied Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Beverley Adams-Huet
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Elizabeth O’Briant
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Madison Oldham
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Shacoya Smith
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
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Craniofacial growth in infants with deformational plagiocephaly: does prematurity affect the duration of head orthosis therapy and the extent of the reduction in asymmetry during treatment? Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2991-2999. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Santander P, Quast A, Hubbert J, Horn S, Meyer-Marcotty P, Küster H, Dieks JK. Three-dimensional head shape acquisition in preterm infants - Translating an orthodontic imaging procedure into neonatal care. Early Hum Dev 2019; 140:104908. [PMID: 31670175 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head shape and head volume of preterm infants give important information on short- and long-term development. Three-dimensional (3D) assessment of a preterm infant's head would therefore provide more information than currently used two-dimensional methods. AIMS To evaluate a contactless 3D imaging system to assess head shape and volume in preterm infants. METHODS A protocol for 3D imaging and reconstruction of an infant's head with a portable stereophotogrammetric camera system was developed. It was validated on a manikin by comparison to an established stationary stereophotogrammetric device. Feasibility for clinical routine and 3D data analysis were assessed in six preterm infants. RESULTS Ten 3D reconstructions from a manikin were done with ten images each taken from different angles. The accuracy of the 3D reconstruction was measured at the overlapping areas between two images. Comparing the portable to the stationary system, a high concordance was found for the 3D manikin head-reconstructions (mean difference 0.21 ± 0.03 mm). In preterm infants, digital evaluation of the head was proven to be feasible for head circumference (HC), cranial index and asymmetry indices. There was good concordance between manual and digital measurement of the HC (95% CI -0.85 to 0.38 mm). CONCLUSIONS The portable camera system allowed fast and contactless 3D image capture of a preterm infant's head without any risk or interference with neonatal care. Together with a new software, this technique would allow more precise evaluation of head growth even in very preterm infants and thereby may improve their care and long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Santander
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - A Quast
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - J Hubbert
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Horn
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Neonatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - P Meyer-Marcotty
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - H Küster
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Neonatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - J K Dieks
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Neonatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
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Launonen AM, Aarnivala H, Kyteas P, Vuollo V, Heikkinen T, Kau CH, Pirttiniemi P, Harila V, Valkama AM. A 3D Follow-Up Study of Cranial Asymmetry from Early Infancy to Toddler Age after Preterm versus Term Birth. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101665. [PMID: 31614700 PMCID: PMC6832468 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants are at higher risk for both symmetrical and asymmetrical head molding. This study involved 3D stereophotogrammetry to assess the cranial growth, molding, and incidence of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) in preterm children compared to term born children. Thirty-four preterm infants and 34 term born controls were enrolled in this study from Oulu University Hospital, Finland. Three-dimensional head images were obtained at the age of 2–4 months (T1), 5–7 months (T2), 11–13 months (T3), and 2.5–3 years (T4) from the term equivalent age (TEA). There was no statistically significant difference in oblique cranial length ratio (OCLR), cephalic index (CI), or weighted asymmetry score (wAS) between the two groups. Occipital flattening, defined by flatness score (FS) was statistically significantly greater in the preterm group than in the term group at T1–T4 (p < 0.05). In both groups, OCLR improved gradually over time. There were no instances, in either group, of severe DP and no moderate DP after T2. Results indicate that DP affects preterm and full-term children almost equally during the first three years of life, and cranial asymmetry resolves at a similar rate in both preterm and term groups after three months of corrected age. Preterm infants present with more occipital flattening than full-term children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anniina M Launonen
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Henri Aarnivala
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- PEDEGO Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Panagiotis Kyteas
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294-0007, USA.
| | - Ville Vuollo
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tuomo Heikkinen
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Chung H Kau
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294-0007, USA.
| | - Pertti Pirttiniemi
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Virpi Harila
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - A Marita Valkama
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- PEDEGO Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Graham T, Adams-Huet B, Gilbert N, Witthoff K, Gregory T, Walsh M. Effects of Initial Age and Severity on Cranial Remolding Orthotic Treatment for Infants with Deformational Plagiocephaly. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081097. [PMID: 31344968 PMCID: PMC6723372 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to review the effects of an infant's presenting age and severity of deformation on cranial remolding orthotic (CRO) treatment outcomes for patients with deformational plagiocephaly. This study is a retrospective chart review of 499 infants with non-synostotic plagiocephaly who completed CRO treatment. Data collected included age at start of treatment, head shape measurements before and after treatment, total months of CRO treatment, and other factors such as presence/absence of prematurity. The infants were divided into subgroups according to age and severity at initiation of treatment and data for subgroups was analyzed to track the change in head shape over the course of treatment, review overall treatment duration, and discuss the rate of change of cranial deformation. Overall, treatment times tended to statistically increase with increasing initial severity and age. Posttreatment asymmetry measurements statistically trended to greater residual deformation in infants who began treatment in the older or more severe subcategories. This indicates that younger and less severe infants have shorter treatment durations and less residual cranial deformation after CRO treatment. Therefore, clinical consideration may need to be taken to treat infants at younger ages or prior to progression of the cranial deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Graham
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA.
| | - Beverley Adams-Huet
- Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-8822, USA
| | - Nicole Gilbert
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Kirsten Witthoff
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Terran Gregory
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
| | - Mary Walsh
- Health Care Sciences, Prosthetics-Orthotics Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9091, USA
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