1
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Beach M, Nayanathara U, Gao Y, Zhang C, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Such GK. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5505-5616. [PMID: 38626459 PMCID: PMC11086401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and necessitated the creation of more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles sit at the forefront of numerous promising drug delivery designs, due to their unmatched control over physiochemical properties such as size, shape, architecture, charge, and surface functionality. Furthermore, polymeric nanoparticles have the ability to navigate various biological barriers to precisely target specific sites within the body, encapsulate a diverse range of therapeutic cargo and efficiently release this cargo in response to internal and external stimuli. However, despite these remarkable advantages, the presence of polymeric nanoparticles in wider clinical application is minimal. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles. The biological barriers affecting drug delivery will be outlined first, followed by a comprehensive description of the various nanoparticle designs and preparation methods, beginning with the polymers on which they are based. The review will meticulously explore the current performance of polymeric nanoparticles against a myriad of diseases including cancer, viral and bacterial infections, before finally evaluating the advantages and crucial challenges that will determine their wider clinical potential in the decades to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian
A. Beach
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Umeka Nayanathara
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yanting Gao
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Changhe Zhang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yijun Xiong
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yufu Wang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Georgina K. Such
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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2
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Chen Y, Jiang Y, Xue T, Cheng J. Strategies for the eradication of intracellular bacterial pathogens. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1115-1130. [PMID: 38284808 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01498c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular pathogens affect a significant portion of world population and cause millions of deaths each year. They can invade host cells and survive inside them and are extremely resistant to immune systems and antibiotics. Current treatments have limitations, and therefore, new effective therapies are needed to combat this ongoing health challenge. Active research efforts have been made to develop many new strategies to eradicate these intracellular pathogens. In this review, we focus on the intracellular bacterial pathogens and first introduce several representative intracellular bacteria and the diseases they cause. We then discuss the challenges in eradicating these bacteria and summarize the current therapeutics for intracellular bacteria. Finally, recent advances in intracellular bacteria eradication are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Yunjiang Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- BayRay Innovation Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Tianrui Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Laboratory, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
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3
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Kelly JJ, Dalesandro BE, Liu Z, Chordia MD, Ongwae GM, Pires MM. Measurement of Accumulation of Antibiotics to Staphylococcus aureus in Phagosomes of Live Macrophages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313870. [PMID: 38051128 PMCID: PMC10799677 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has evolved the ability to persist after uptake into host immune cells. This intracellular niche enables S. aureus to potentially escape host immune responses and survive the lethal actions of antibiotics. While the elevated tolerance of S. aureus to small-molecule antibiotics is likely to be multifactorial, we pose that there may be contributions related to permeation of antibiotics into phagocytic vacuoles, which would require translocation across two mammalian bilayers. To empirically test this, we adapted our recently developed permeability assay to determine the accumulation of FDA-approved antibiotics into phagocytic vacuoles of live macrophages. Bioorthogonal reactive handles were metabolically anchored within the surface of S. aureus, and complementary tags were chemically added to antibiotics. Following phagocytosis of tagged S. aureus cells, we were able to specifically analyze the arrival of antibiotics within the phagosomes of infected macrophages. Our findings enabled the determination of permeability differences between extra- and intracellular S. aureus, thus providing a roadmap to dissect the contribution of antibiotic permeability to intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zichen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Mahendra D. Chordia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - George M. Ongwae
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Marcos M. Pires
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
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4
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Zhou C, Liu Y, Li Y, Shi L. Recent advances and prospects in nanomaterials for bacterial sepsis management. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10778-10792. [PMID: 37901894 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02220j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and triggering an immune response, underscoring the importance of early recognition and prompt treatment. Nanomedicine holds promise for addressing sepsis through improved diagnostics, nanoparticle biosensors for detection and imaging, enhanced antibiotic delivery, combating resistance, and immune modulation. However, challenges remain in ensuring safety, regulatory compliance, scalability, and cost-effectiveness before clinical implementation. Further research is needed to optimize design, efficacy, safety, and regulatory strategies for effective utilization of nanomedicines in bacterial sepsis diagnosis and treatment. This review highlights the significant potential of nanomedicines, including improved drug delivery, enhanced diagnostics, and immunomodulation for bacterial sepsis. It also emphasizes the need for further research to optimize design, efficacy, safety profiles, and address regulatory challenges to facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317600, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317600, China.
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China.
| | - Yuanfeng Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317600, China.
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Linqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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5
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Kelly JJ, Dalesandro BE, Liu Z, Chordia MD, Ongwae GM, Pires MM. Measurement of Accumulation of Antibiotics to Staphylococcus aureus in Phagosomes of Live Macrophages. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.13.528196. [PMID: 36824967 PMCID: PMC9949086 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.13.528196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) has evolved the ability to persist after uptake into host immune cells. This intracellular niche enables S. aureus to potentially escape host immune responses and survive the lethal actions of antibiotics. While the elevated tolerance of S. aureus to small-molecule antibiotics is likely to be multifactorial, we pose that there may be contributions related to permeation of antibiotics into phagocytic vacuoles, which would require translocation across two mammalian bilayers. To empirically test this, we adapted our recently developed permeability assay to determine the accumulation of FDA-approved antibiotics into phagocytic vacuoles of live macrophages. Bioorthogonal reactive handles were metabolically anchored within the surface of S. aureus, and complementary tags were chemically added to antibiotics. Following phagocytosis of tagged S. aureus cells, we were able to specifically analyze the arrival of antibiotics within the phagosomes of infected macrophages. Our findings enabled the determination of permeability differences between extra- and intracellular S. aureus , thus providing a roadmap to dissect the contribution of antibiotic permeability to intracellular pathogens.
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6
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Chien ST, Suydam IT, Woodrow KA. Prodrug approaches for the development of a long-acting drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 198:114860. [PMID: 37160248 PMCID: PMC10498988 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Long-acting formulations are designed to reduce dosing frequency and simplify dosing schedules by providing an extended duration of action. One approach to obtain long-acting formulations is to combine long-acting prodrugs (LA-prodrug) with existing or emerging drug delivery technologies (DDS). The design criteria for long-acting prodrugs are distinct from conventional prodrug strategies that alter absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters. Our review focuses on long-acting prodrug delivery systems (LA-prodrug DDS), which is a subcategory of long-acting formulations where prodrug design enables DDS formulation to achieve an extended duration of action that is greater than the parent drug. Here, we define LA-prodrugs as the conjugation of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) to a promoiety group via a cleavable covalent linker, where both the promoiety and linker are selected to enable formulation and administration from a drug delivery system (DDS) to achieve an extended duration of action. These LA-prodrug DDS results in an extended interval where the API is within a therapeutic range without necessarily altering ADME as is typical of conventional prodrugs. The conversion of the LA-prodrug to the API is dependent on linker cleavage, which can occur before or after release from the DDS. The requirement for linker cleavage provides an additional tool to prolong release from these LA-prodrug DDS. In addition, the physicochemical properties of drugs can be tuned by promoiety selection for a particular DDS. Conjugation with promoieties that are carriers or amenable to assembly into carriers can also provide access to formulations designed for extending duration of action. LA-prodrugs have been applied to a wide variety of drug delivery strategies and are categorized in this review by promoiety size and complexity. Small molecule promoieties (typically MW < 1000 Da) have been used to improve encapsulation or partitioning as well as broaden APIs for use with traditional long-acting formulations such as solid drug dispersions. Macromolecular promoieties (typically MW > 1000 Da) have been applied to hydrogels, nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, and polymerized prodrug monomers. The resulting LA-prodrug DDS enable extended duration of action for active pharmaceuticals across a wide range of applications, with target release timescales spanning days to years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Tian Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States
| | - Ian T Suydam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States
| | - Kim A Woodrow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States.
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7
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Bag N, Bardhan S, Roy S, Roy J, Mondal D, Guo B, Das S. Nanoparticle-mediated stimulus-responsive antibacterial therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1994-2019. [PMID: 36748318 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01941h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The limitations associated with conventional antibacterial therapies and the subsequent amplification of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms have increased, necessitating the urgent development of innovative antibacterial techniques. Accordingly, nanoparticle-mediated therapeutics have emerged as potential candidates for antibacterial treatment due to their suitable dimensions, penetration capacity, and high efficiency in targeted drug delivery. However, although nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have been demonstrated to be effective, they are limited by their overuse and unwanted side effects. Thus, to overcome these drawbacks, stimulus-responsive antibiotic delivery has been extended as a promising strategy for site-specific restricted drug exemption. Nano-formulations that are triggered by various stimuli, such as intrinsic, extrinsic, and bacterial stimuli, have been developed. Thus, by harnessing the physicochemical properties of various nanoparticles, the selective release of therapeutic cargoes can be achieved through the application of a variety of local stimuli such as light, sound, irradiation, pH, and magnetic field. In this review, we also highlight the progress and perspectives of stimulus-responsive combination therapy, with special emphasis on the eradication of MDR strains and biofilms. Hence, this review addresses the advancement and challenges in the applications of stimulus-responsive nanoparticles together with the various future prospects of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelanjana Bag
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Souravi Bardhan
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India. .,Department of Environmental Science, Netaji Nagar College for Women, Kolkata-700092, India
| | - Shubham Roy
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India. .,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen-518055, China.
| | - Jhilik Roy
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Dhananjoy Mondal
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Bing Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen-518055, China.
| | - Sukhen Das
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
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8
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Feng W, Chittò M, Moriarty TF, Li G, Wang X. Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Eliminating Intracellular Bacteria. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200311. [PMID: 36189899 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular survival of pathogenic bacteria requires a range of survival strategies and virulence factors. These infections are a significant clinical challenge, wherein treatment frequently fails because of poor antibiotic penetration, stability, and retention in host cells. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) are promising tools to overcome these shortcomings and enhance the efficacy of antibiotic therapy. In this review, the classification and the mechanisms of intracellular bacterial persistence are elaborated. Furthermore, the systematic design strategies applied to DDSs to eliminate intracellular bacteria are also described, and the strategies used for internalization, intracellular activation, bacterial targeting, and immune enhancement are highlighted. Finally, this overview provides guidance for constructing functionalized DDSs to effectively eliminate intracellular bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.,AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, 7270, Switzerland
| | - Marco Chittò
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, 7270, Switzerland
| | | | - Guofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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9
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Tang J, Ouyang Q, Li Y, Zhang P, Jin W, Qu S, Yang F, He Z, Qin M. Nanomaterials for Delivering Antibiotics in the Therapy of Pneumonia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415738. [PMID: 36555379 PMCID: PMC9779065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and exerts a significant burden on health-care resources. Antibiotics have long been used as first-line drugs for the treatment of bacterial pneumonia. However, antibiotic therapy and traditional antibiotic delivery are associated with important challenges, including drug resistance, low bioavailability, and adverse side effects; the existence of physiological barriers further hampers treatment. Fortunately, these limitations may be overcome by the application of nanotechnology, which can facilitate drug delivery while improving drug stability and bioavailability. This review summarizes the challenges facing the treatment of bacterial pneumonia and also highlights the types of nanoparticles that can be used for antibiotic delivery. This review places a special focus on the state-of-the-art in nanomaterial-based approaches to the delivery of antibiotics for the treatment of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Qiuhong Ouyang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Peisen Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weihua Jin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Shuang Qu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fengmei Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Zhanlong He
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (M.Q.)
| | - Meng Qin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (M.Q.)
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De Mel J, Hossain M, Shofolawe-Bakare O, Mohammad SA, Rasmussen E, Milloy K, Shields M, Roth EW, Arora K, Cueto R, Tang SC, Wilson JT, Smith AE, Werfel TA. Dual-Responsive Glycopolymers for Intracellular Codelivery of Antigen and Lipophilic Adjuvants. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4705-4716. [PMID: 36374992 PMCID: PMC10013197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional approaches to vaccines use whole organisms to trigger an immune response, but they do not typically generate robust cellular-mediated immunity and have various safety risks. Subunit vaccines composed of proteins and/or peptides represent an attractive and safe alternative to whole organism vaccines, but they are poorly immunogenic. Though there are biological reasons for the poor immunogenicity of proteins and peptides, one other key to their relative lack of immunogenicity could be attributed to the poor pharmacokinetic properties of exogenously delivered proteins and peptides. For instance, peptides often aggregate at the site of injection and are not stable in biological fluids, proteins and peptides are rapidly cleared from circulation, and both have poor cellular internalization and endosomal escape. Herein, we developed a delivery system to address the lack of protein immunogenicity by overcoming delivery barriers as well as codelivering immune-stimulating adjuvants. The glycopolymeric nanoparticles (glycoNPs) are composed of a dual-stimuli-responsive block glycopolymer, poly[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-b-poly[(pyridyl disulfide ethyl methacrylate)-co-(methacrylamidoglucopyranose)] (p[DPA-b-(PDSMA-co-MAG)]). This polymer facilitates protein conjugation and cytosolic release, the pH-responsive release of lipophilic adjuvants, and pH-dependent membrane disruption to ensure cytosolic delivery of antigens. We synthesized p[DPA-b-(PDSMA-co-MAG)] by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, followed by the formation and physicochemical characterization of glycoNPs using the p[DPA-b-(PDSMA-co-MAG)] building blocks. These glycoNPs conjugated the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and released OVA in response to elevated glutathione levels. Moreover, the glycoNPs displayed pH-dependent drug release of the model hydrophobic drug Nile Red while also exhibiting pH-responsive endosomolytic behavior as indicated by a red blood cell hemolysis assay. GlycoNPs coloaded with OVA and the toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR-7/8) agonist Resiquimod (R848) activated DC 2.4 dendritic cells (DCs) significantly more than free OVA and R848 and led to robust antigen presentation of the OVA epitope SIINFEKL on major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I). In sum, the dual-stimuli-responsive glycopolymer introduced here overcomes major protein and peptide delivery barriers and could vastly improve the immunogenicity of protein-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith De Mel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Mehjabeen Hossain
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Oluwaseyi Shofolawe-Bakare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Sk Arif Mohammad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Emily Rasmussen
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Khadeeja Milloy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Micaela Shields
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Eric W Roth
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental Center, Evanston, Illinois, 60208, United States
| | - Karan Arora
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Rafael Cueto
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Shou-Ching Tang
- Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
| | - John T Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Adam E Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Thomas A Werfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
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11
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Blackman LD, Sutherland TD, De Barro PJ, Thissen H, Locock KES. Addressing a future pandemic: how can non-biological complex drugs prepare us for antimicrobial resistance threats? MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2076-2096. [PMID: 35703580 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00254j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Loss of effective antibiotics through antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest threats to human health. By 2050, the annual death rate resulting from AMR infections is predicted to have climbed from 1.27 million per annum in 2019, up to 10 million per annum. It is therefore imperative to preserve the effectiveness of both existing and future antibiotics, such that they continue to save lives. One way to conserve the use of existing antibiotics and build further contingency against resistant strains is to develop alternatives. Non-biological complex drugs (NBCDs) are an emerging class of therapeutics that show multi-mechanistic antimicrobial activity and hold great promise as next generation antimicrobial agents. We critically outline the focal advancements for each key material class, including antimicrobial polymer materials, carbon nanomaterials, and inorganic nanomaterials, and highlight the potential for the development of antimicrobial resistance against each class. Finally, we outline remaining challenges for their clinical translation, including the need for specific regulatory pathways to be established in order to allow for more efficient clinical approval and adoption of these new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis D Blackman
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Tara D Sutherland
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Clunies Ross Street, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Paul J De Barro
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Boggo Road, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Helmut Thissen
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
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12
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Hardie J, Makabenta JM, Gupta A, Huang R, Cao-Milán R, Goswami R, Zhang X, Abdulpurkar P, Farkas ME, Rotello VM. Selective treatment of intracellular bacterial infections using host cell-targeted bioorthogonal nanozymes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:1489-1494. [PMID: 35293903 PMCID: PMC9090992 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh02042k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular bacterial infections are difficult to treat, and in the case of Salmonella and related infections, can be life threatening. Antibiotic treatments for intracellular infections face challenges including cell penetration and intracellular degradation that both reduce antibiotic efficacy. Even when treatable, the increased dose of antibiotics required to counter infections can strongly impact the microbiome, compromising the native roles of beneficial non-pathogenic species. Bioorthogonal catalysis provides a new tool to combat intracellular infections. Catalysts embedded in the monolayers of gold nanoparticles (nanozymes) bioorthogonally convert inert antibiotic prodrugs (pro-antibiotics) into active species within resident macrophages. Targeted nanozyme delivery to macrophages was achieved through mannose conjugation and subsequent uptake VIA the mannose receptor (CD206). These nanozymes efficiently converted pro-ciprofloxacin to ciprofloxacin inside the macrophages, selectively killing pathogenic Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium relative to non-pathogenic Lactobacillus sp. in a transwell co-culture model. Overall, this targeted bioorthogonal nanozyme strategy presents an effective treatment for intracellular infections, including typhoid and tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Hardie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Jessa Marie Makabenta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Aarohi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Roberto Cao-Milán
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Ritabrita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Parvati Abdulpurkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Michelle E Farkas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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13
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López CL, Brempelis KJ, Matthaei JF, Montgomery KS, Srinivasan S, Roy D, Huang F, Kreuser SA, Gardell JL, Blumenthal I, Chiefari J, Jensen MC, Crane CA, Stayton PS. Arming Immune Cell Therapeutics with Polymeric Prodrugs. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101944. [PMID: 34889072 PMCID: PMC9847575 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Engineered immune cells are an exciting therapeutic modality, which survey and attack tumors. Backpacking strategies exploit cell targeting capabilities for delivery of drugs to combat tumors and their immune-suppressive environments. Here, a new platform for arming cell therapeutics through dual receptor and polymeric prodrug engineering is developed. Macrophage and T cell therapeutics are engineered to express a bioorthogonal single chain variable fragment receptor. The receptor binds a fluorescein ligand that directs cell loading with ligand-tagged polymeric prodrugs, termed "drugamers." The fluorescein ligand facilitates stable binding of drugamer to engineered macrophages over 10 days with 80% surface retention. Drugamers also incorporate prodrug monomers of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibitor, PI-103. The extended release of PI-103 from the drugamer sustains antiproliferative activity against a glioblastoma cell line compared to the parent drug. The versatility and modularity of this cell arming system is demonstrated by loading T cells with a second fluorescein-drugamer. This drugamer incorporates a small molecule estrogen analog, CMP8, which stabilizes a degron-tagged transgene to provide temporal regulation of protein activity in engineered T cells. These results demonstrate that this bioorthogonal receptor and drugamer system can be used to arm multiple immune cell classes with both antitumor and transgene-activating small molecule prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciana L López
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA,Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Katherine J Brempelis
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - James F Matthaei
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Kate S Montgomery
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA
| | - Debashish Roy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA
| | - Fei Huang
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC. 3168, Australia
| | - Shannon A Kreuser
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jennifer L Gardell
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Ian Blumenthal
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA,Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - John Chiefari
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC. 3168, Australia
| | - Michael C Jensen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA,Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Courtney A Crane
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA
| | - Patrick S Stayton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA
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14
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Xu J, Li X, Du Y. Antibody-Pattern Recognition Receptor Agonist Conjugates: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2101065. [PMID: 35122418 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are composed of monoclonal antibodies linked to cytotoxic payload drugs, each of which can be diversely designed in accordance with pharmacological and clinical requirements. The use of ADCs is effective for the treatment of different diseases, including cancers, and is gaining widespread attention. To date, 12 ADCs have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treating cancer and improving the quality of life of patients. To expand the application of ADCs and improve their treatment efficiency, various formats have recently been manufactured, including pattern recognition receptor (PRR) agonist-based ADCs. The antibody has a unique structure that enables the specific delivery of PRR agonists to the tumor area, and this improves the therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity. This review briefly discusses the current landscape and future perspectives of antibody-PRR agonist conjugates for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Beijing Kawin Technology Share-Holding Co., Ltd, BDA, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
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15
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Dart A, Roy D, Vlaskin V, Limqueco E, Lowe NM, Srinivasan S, Ratner DM, Bhave M, Stayton P, Kingshott P. A nanofiber based antiviral (TAF) prodrug delivery system. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 133:112626. [PMID: 35039198 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HIV and hepatitis B are two of the most prevalent viruses globally, and despite readily available preventive treatments unforgiving treatment regimens still exist, such as daily doses of medicine that are challenging to maintain especially in poorer countries. More advanced and longer-lasting delivery vehicles can potentially overcome this problem by reducing maintenance requirements and significantly increase access to medicine. Here, we designed a technology to control the delivery of an antiviral drug over a long timeframe via a nanofiber based delivery scaffold that is both easy to produce and use. An antiviral prodrug containing tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) was synthesized by initial conjugation to glycerol monomethacrylate followed by polymerization to form a diblock copolymer (pTAF) using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT). In order to generate an efficient drug delivery system this copolymer was fabricated into an electrospun nanofiber (ESF) scaffold using blend electrospinning with poly(caprolactone) (PCL) as the carrier polymer. SEM images revealed that the pTAF-PCL ESFs were uniform with an average diameter of (787 ± 0.212 nm), while XPS analysis demonstrated that the pTAF was overrepresented at the surface of the ESFs. Additionally, the pTAF exhibited a sustained release profile over a 2 month period in human serum (HS), suggesting that these types of copolymer-based drugamers can be used in conjunction with electrospinning to produce long-lasting drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dart
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Debashish Roy
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Vladimir Vlaskin
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elaine Limqueco
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Neona M Lowe
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Daniel M Ratner
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mrinal Bhave
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Patrick Stayton
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Peter Kingshott
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; ARC Training Centre Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.
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16
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Yang X, Qiu Q, Liu G, Ren H, Wang X, Lovell JF, Zhang Y. Traceless antibiotic-crosslinked micelles for rapid clearance of intracellular bacteria. J Control Release 2021; 341:329-340. [PMID: 34843813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective delivery of antimicrobial agents to intracellular pathogens represents a major bottleneck for a wide variety of infectious diseases. To address this, we developed SIR-micelles(+), as a new delivery vehicle comprising antibiotic-loaded micelles with rapid self-immolation within cells for targeted delivery to macrophages, where most intracellular bacterial reside. After phagocytosis, SIR-micelles(+) rapidly release the pristine antibiotic after the cleavage of the disulfide bonds by intracellular reducing agents such as glutathione (GSH). Colistin, a hydrophilic and potent "last-resort" antibiotic used for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infection, was encapsulated in SIR-micelles with 40% yield and good short-term storage stability. Hydrophobic moieties and mannose ligands in SIR-micelles(+) enhanced the delivery of colistin into macrophages. The traceless and thiol-responsive release of colistin effectively eliminated intracellular Escherichia coli within twenty minutes. In a murine pneumonia model, SIR-micelles(+) significantly reduced bacterial lung burden of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Furthermore, SIR-micelles(+) improved the survival rate and reduced the bacterial burden of organs infected by intracellular bacteria transferred from donor mice. Using this formulation approach, the nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity induced by antibiotic were reduced by about 5- 15 fold. Thus, SIR-micelles(+) represent a new class of material that can be used for targeting treatment of intracellular and drug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Qian Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Gengqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - He Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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17
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Pettinato MC. Introduction to Antibody-Drug Conjugates. Antibodies (Basel) 2021; 10:antib10040042. [PMID: 34842621 PMCID: PMC8628511 DOI: 10.3390/antib10040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are innovative biopharmaceutical products in which a monoclonal antibody is linked to a small molecule drug with a stable linker. Most of the ADCs developed so far are for treating cancer, but there is enormous potential for using ADCs to treat other diseases. Currently, ten ADCs have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and more than 90 ADCs are under worldwide clinical development. Monoclonal antibodies have evolved from research tools to powerful therapeutics in the past 30 years. Tremendous strides have been made in antibody discovery, protein bioengineering, formulation, and delivery devices. This manuscript provides an overview of the biology, chemistry, and biophysical properties of each component of ADC design. This review summarizes the advances and challenges in the field to date, with an emphasis on antibody conjugation, linker-payload chemistry, novel payload classes, drug-antibody ratio (DAR), and product development. The review emphasizes the lessons learned in the development of oncology antibody conjugates and look towards future innovations enabling other therapeutic indications. The review discusses resistance mechanisms to ADCs, and give an opinion on future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Pettinato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC 20064-0001, USA
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18
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Hou F, Xiao K, Tang L, Xie L. Diversity of Macrophages in Lung Homeostasis and Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:753940. [PMID: 34630433 PMCID: PMC8500393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.753940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung macrophages play important roles in the maintenance of homeostasis, pathogen clearance and immune regulation. The different types of pulmonary macrophages and their roles in lung diseases have attracted attention in recent years. Alveolar macrophages (AMs), including tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AMs) and monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (Mo-AMs), as well as interstitial macrophages (IMs) are the major macrophage populations in the lung and have unique characteristics in both steady-state conditions and disease states. The different characteristics of these three types of macrophages determine the different roles they play in the development of disease. Therefore, it is important to fully understand the similarities and differences among these three types of macrophages for the study of lung diseases. In this review, we will discuss the physiological characteristics and unique functions of these three types of macrophages in acute and chronic lung diseases. We will also discuss possible methods to target macrophages in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hou
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Xiao
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences·Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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19
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Soni SS, Rodell CB. Polymeric materials for immune engineering: Molecular interaction to biomaterial design. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:139-152. [PMID: 33484909 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials continue to evolve as complex engineered tools for interactively instructing biological systems, aiding in the understanding and treatment of various disease states through intimate biological interaction. The immune response to polymeric materials is a critical area of study, as it governs the body's response to biomaterial implants, drug delivery vehicles, and even therapeutic drug formulations. Importantly, the development of the immune response to polymeric biomaterials spans length scales - from single molecular interactions to the complex sensing of bulk biophysical properties, all of which coordinate a tissue- and systems-level response. In this review, we specifically discuss a bottom-up approach to designing biomaterials that use molecular-scale interactions to drive immune response to polymers and discuss how these interactions can be leveraged for biomaterial design. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The immune system is an integral controller of (patho)physiological processes, affecting nearly all aspects of human health and disease. Polymeric biomaterials, whether biologically derived or synthetically produced, can potentially alter the behavior of immune cells due to their molecular-scale interaction with individual cells, as well as their interpretation at the bulk scale. This article reviews common mechanisms by which immune cells interact with polymers at the molecular level and discusses how these interactions are being leveraged to produce the next generation of biocompatible and immunomodulatory materials.
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20
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Subramaniam S, Joyce P, Thomas N, Prestidge CA. Bioinspired drug delivery strategies for repurposing conventional antibiotics against intracellular infections. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113948. [PMID: 34464665 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria have developed a wealth of strategies to avoid and resist the action of antibiotics, one of which involves pathogens invading and forming reservoirs within host cells. Due to the poor cell membrane permeability, stability and retention of conventional antibiotics, this renders current treatments largely ineffective, since achieving a therapeutically relevant antibiotic concentration at the site of intracellular infection is not possible. To overcome such challenges, current antibiotics are 'repurposed' via reformulation using micro- or nano-carrier systems that effectively encapsulate and deliver therapeutics across cellular membranes of infected cells. Bioinspired materials that imitate the uptake of biological particulates and release antibiotics in response to natural stimuli are recently explored to improve the targeting and specificity of this 'nanoantibiotic' approach. In this review, the mechanisms of internalization and survival of intracellular bacteria are elucidated, effectively accentuating the current treatment challenges for intracellular infections and the implications for repurposing conventional antibiotics. Key case studies of nanoantibiotics that have drawn inspiration from natural biological particles and cellular uptake pathways to effectively eradicate intracellular pathogens are detailed, clearly highlighting the rational for harnessing bioinspired drug delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhni Subramaniam
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Paul Joyce
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Nicky Thomas
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Clive A Prestidge
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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21
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Study on Significance of Receptor Targeting in Killing of Intracellular Bacteria with Membrane‐Impermeable Antibiotics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Romano JW, Baum MM, Demkovich ZR, Diana F, Dobard C, Feldman PL, Garcia-Lerma JG, Grattoni A, Gunawardana M, Ho DK, Hope TJ, Massud I, Milad M, Moss JA, Pons-Faudoa FP, Roller S, van der Straten A, Srinivasan S, Veazey RS, Zane D. Tenofovir Alafenamide for HIV Prevention: Review of the Proceedings from the Gates Foundation Long-Acting TAF Product Development Meeting. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2021; 37:409-420. [PMID: 33913760 PMCID: PMC8213003 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2021.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to successfully develop a safe and effective vaccine for the prevention of HIV infection has proven challenging. Consequently, alternative approaches to HIV infection prevention have been pursued, and there have been a number of successes with differing levels of efficacy. At present, only two oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) products are available, Truvada and Descovy. Descovy is a newer product not yet indicated in individuals at risk of HIV-1 infection from receptive vaginal sex, because it still needs to be evaluated in this population. A topical dapivirine vaginal ring is currently under regulatory review, and a long-acting (LA) injectable cabotegravir product shows strong promise. Although demonstrably effective, daily oral PrEP presents adherence challenges for many users, particularly adolescent girls and young women, key target populations. This limitation has triggered development efforts in LA HIV prevention options. This article reviews efforts supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, as well as similar work by other groups, to identify and develop optimal LA HIV prevention products. Specifically, this article is a summary review of a meeting convened by the foundation in early 2020 that focused on the development of LA products designed for extended delivery of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) for HIV prevention. The review broadly serves as technical guidance for preclinical development of LA HIV prevention products. The meeting examined the technical feasibility of multiple delivery technologies, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and safety of subcutaneous (SC) delivery of TAF in animal models. Ultimately, the foundation concluded that there are technologies available for long-term delivery of TAF. However, because of potentially limited efficacy and possible toxicity issues with SC delivery, the foundation will not continue investing in the development of LA, SC delivery of TAF products for HIV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc M. Baum
- Department of Chemistry, Oak Crest Institute of Science, Monrovia, California, USA
| | | | - Frank Diana
- FJD-CMC Consulting, LLC., Ocean City, New Jersey, USA
| | - Charles Dobard
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Paul L. Feldman
- Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - J. Gerardo Garcia-Lerma
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Manjula Gunawardana
- Department of Chemistry, Oak Crest Institute of Science, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Duy-Khiet Ho
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas J. Hope
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ivana Massud
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mark Milad
- Milad Pharmaceutical Consulting, Plymouth, Michigan, USA
| | - John A. Moss
- Department of Chemistry, Oak Crest Institute of Science, Monrovia, California, USA
| | | | - Shane Roller
- Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ariane van der Straten
- Women's Global Health Imperative, RTI International, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Prevention Study (CAPS), UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ronald S. Veazey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Doris Zane
- Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Heyward, California, USA
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23
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Deusenbery C, Wang Y, Shukla A. Recent Innovations in Bacterial Infection Detection and Treatment. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:695-720. [PMID: 33733747 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections are a major threat to human health, exacerbated by increasing antibiotic resistance. These infections can result in tremendous morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the need to identify and treat pathogenic bacteria quickly and effectively. Recent developments in detection methods have focused on electrochemical, optical, and mass-based biosensors. Advances in these systems include implementing multifunctional materials, microfluidic sampling, and portable data-processing to improve sensitivity, specificity, and ease of operation. Concurrently, advances in antibacterial treatment have largely focused on targeted and responsive delivery for both antibiotics and antibiotic alternatives. Antibiotic alternatives described here include repurposed drugs, antimicrobial peptides and polymers, nucleic acids, small molecules, living systems, and bacteriophages. Finally, closed-loop therapies are combining advances in the fields of both detection and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current trends in detection and treatment systems for bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Deusenbery
- School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Anita Shukla
- School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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24
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Lopukhov AV, Yang Z, Haney MJ, Bronich TK, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Batrakova EV, Klyachko NL, Kabanov AV. Mannosylated Cationic Copolymers for Gene Delivery to Macrophages. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2000371. [PMID: 33615675 PMCID: PMC8126558 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are desirable targets for gene therapy of cancer and other diseases. Cationic diblock copolymers of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly-L-lysine (PLL) or poly{N-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl]aspartamide} (pAsp(DET)) are synthesized and used to form polyplexes with a plasmid DNA (pDNA) that are decorated with mannose moieties, serving as the targeting ligands for the C type lectin receptors displayed at the surface of macrophages. The PEG-b-PLL copolymers are known for its cytotoxicity, so PEG-b-PLL-based polyplexes are cross-linked using reducible reagent dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) (DSP). The cross-linked polyplexes display low toxicity to both mouse embryonic fibroblasts NIH/3T3 cell line and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMΦ). In macrophages mannose-decorated polyplexes demonstrate an ≈8 times higher transfection efficiency. The cross-linking of the polyplexes decrease the toxicity, but the transfection enhancement is moderate. The PEG-b-pAsp(DET) copolymers display low toxicity with respect to the IC-21 murine macrophage cell line and are used for the production of non-cross-linked pDNA-contained polyplexes. The obtained mannose modified polyplexes exhibit ca. 500-times greater transfection activity in IC-21 macrophages compared to the mannose-free polyplexes. This result greatly exceeds the targeting gene transfer effects previously described using mannose receptor targeted non-viral gene delivery systems. These results suggest that Man-PEG-b-pAsp(DET)/pDNA polyplex is a potential vector for immune cells-based gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V Lopukhov
- Laboratory for Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 117234, Russia
| | - Zigang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Matthew J Haney
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tatiana K Bronich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Elena V Batrakova
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Natalia L Klyachko
- Laboratory for Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 117234, Russia
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Laboratory for Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 117234, Russia
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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25
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Hetzel M, Ackermann M, Lachmann N. Beyond "Big Eaters": The Versatile Role of Alveolar Macrophages in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3308. [PMID: 33804918 PMCID: PMC8036607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages act as immune scavengers and are important cell types in the homeostasis of various tissues. Given the multiple roles of macrophages, these cells can also be found as tissue resident macrophages tightly integrated into a variety of tissues in which they fulfill crucial and organ-specific functions. The lung harbors at least two macrophage populations: interstitial and alveolar macrophages, which occupy different niches and functions. In this review, we provide the latest insights into the multiple roles of alveolar macrophages while unraveling the distinct factors which can influence the ontogeny and function of these cells. Furthermore, we will highlight pulmonary diseases, which are associated with dysfunctional macrophages, concentrating on congenital diseases as well as pulmonary infections and impairment of immunological pathways. Moreover, we will provide an overview about different treatment approaches targeting macrophage dysfunction. Improved knowledge of the role of macrophages in the onset of pulmonary diseases may provide the basis for new pharmacological and/or cell-based immunotherapies and will extend our understanding to other macrophage-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hetzel
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.)
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mania Ackermann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.)
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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26
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Scolari IR, Volpini X, Fanani ML, La Cruz-Thea BD, Natali L, Musri MM, Granero GE. Exploring the Toxicity, Lung Distribution, and Cellular Uptake of Rifampicin and Ascorbic Acid-Loaded Alginate Nanoparticles as Therapeutic Treatment of Lung Intracellular Infections. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:807-821. [PMID: 33356316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a very promising technological tool to combat health problems associated with the loss of effectiveness of currently used antibiotics. Previously, we developed a formulation consisting of a chitosan and tween 80-decorated alginate nanocarrier that encapsulates rifampicin and the antioxidant ascorbic acid (RIF/ASC), intended for the treatment of respiratory intracellular infections. Here, we investigated the effects of RIF/ASC-loaded NPs on the respiratory mucus and the pulmonary surfactant. In addition, we evaluated their cytotoxicity for lung cells in vitro, and their biodistribution on rat lungs in vivo after their intratracheal administration. Findings herein demonstrated that RIF/ASC-loaded NPs display a favorable lung biocompatibility profile and a uniform distribution throughout lung lobules. RIF/ASC-loaded NPs were mainly uptaken by lung macrophages, their primary target. In summary, findings show that our novel designed RIF/ASC NPs could be a suitable system for antibiotic lung administration with promising perspectives for the treatment of pulmonary intracellular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana R Scolari
- UNITEFA, CONICET and Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Ximena Volpini
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - María L Fanani
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Benjamín De La Cruz-Thea
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Lautaro Natali
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Melina M Musri
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Gladys E Granero
- UNITEFA, CONICET and Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
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27
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Cook A, Decuzzi P. Harnessing Endogenous Stimuli for Responsive Materials in Theranostics. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2068-2098. [PMID: 33555171 PMCID: PMC7905878 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Materials that respond to endogenous stimuli are being leveraged to enhance spatiotemporal control in a range of biomedical applications from drug delivery to diagnostic tools. The design of materials that undergo morphological or chemical changes in response to specific biological cues or pathologies will be an important area of research for improving efficacies of existing therapies and imaging agents, while also being promising for developing personalized theranostic systems. Internal stimuli-responsive systems can be engineered across length scales from nanometers to macroscopic and can respond to endogenous signals such as enzymes, pH, glucose, ATP, hypoxia, redox signals, and nucleic acids by incorporating synthetic bio-inspired moieties or natural building blocks. This Review will summarize response mechanisms and fabrication strategies used in internal stimuli-responsive materials with a focus on drug delivery and imaging for a broad range of pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, vascular disorders, inflammation, and microbial infections. We will also discuss observed challenges, future research directions, and clinical translation aspects of these responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander
B. Cook
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology
for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego
30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology
for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego
30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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28
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Chavas TEJ, Su FY, Srinivasan S, Roy D, Lee B, Lovelace-Macon L, Rerolle GF, Limqueco E, Skerrett SJ, Ratner DM, West TE, Stayton PS. A macrophage-targeted platform for extending drug dosing with polymer prodrugs for pulmonary infection prophylaxis. J Control Release 2021; 330:284-292. [PMID: 33221351 PMCID: PMC7909327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary melioidosis is a bacterial disease with high morbidity and a mortality rate that can be as high as 40% in resource-poor regions of South Asia. This disease burden is linked to the pathogen's intrinsic antibiotic resistance and protected intracellular localization in alveolar macrophages. Current treatment regimens require several antibiotics with multi-month oral and intravenous administrations that are difficult to implement in under-resourced settings. Herein, we report that a macrophage-targeted polyciprofloxacin prodrug acts as a surprisingly effective pre-exposure prophylactic in highly lethal murine models of aerosolized human pulmonary melioidosis. A single dose of the polymeric prodrug maintained high lung drug levels and targeted an intracellular depot of ciprofloxacin to the alveolar macrophage compartment that was sustained over a period of 7 days above minimal inhibitory concentrations. This intracellular pharmacokinetic profile provided complete pre-exposure protection in a BSL-3 model with an aerosolized clinical isolate of Burkholderia pseudomallei from Thailand. This total protection was achieved despite the bacteria's relative resistance to ciprofloxacin and where an equivalent dose of pulmonary-administered ciprofloxacin was ineffective. For the first time, we demonstrate that targeting the intracellular macrophage compartment with extended antibiotic dosing can achieve pre-exposure prophylaxis in a model of pulmonary melioidosis. This fully synthetic and modular therapeutic platform could be an important therapeutic approach with new or re-purposed antibiotics for melioidosis prevention and treatment, especially as portable inhalation devices in high-risk, resource-poor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E J Chavas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Fang-Yi Su
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Debashish Roy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Brian Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, United States
| | - Lara Lovelace-Macon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, United States; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Guilhem F Rerolle
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, United States; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Elaine Limqueco
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Shawn J Skerrett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, United States.
| | - Daniel M Ratner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
| | - T Eoin West
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, United States; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
| | - Patrick S Stayton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
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29
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Liver-targeted polymeric prodrugs of 8-aminoquinolines for malaria radical cure. J Control Release 2020; 331:213-227. [PMID: 33378692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Primaquine and tafenoquine are the two 8-aminoquinoline (8-AQ) antimalarial drugs approved for malarial radical cure - the elimination of liver stage hypnozoites after infection with Plasmodium vivax. A single oral dose of tafenoquine leads to high efficacy against intra-hepatocyte hypnozoites after efficient first pass liver uptake and metabolism. Unfortunately, both drugs cause hemolytic anemia in G6PD-deficient humans. This toxicity prevents their mass administration without G6PD testing given the approximately 400 million G6PD deficient people across malarial endemic regions of the world. We hypothesized that liver-targeted delivery of 8-AQ prodrugs could maximize liver exposure and minimize erythrocyte exposure to increase their therapeutic window. Primaquine and tafenoquine were first synthesized as prodrug vinyl monomers with self-immolative hydrolytic linkers or cathepsin-cleavable valine-citrulline peptide linkers. RAFT polymerization was exploited to copolymerize these prodrug monomers with hepatocyte-targeting GalNAc monomers. Pharmacokinetic studies of released drugs after intravenous administration showed that the liver-to-plasma AUC ratios could be significantly improved, compared to parent drug administered orally. Single doses of the liver-targeted, enzyme-cleavable tafenoquine polymer were found to be as efficacious as an equivalent dose of the oral parent drug in the P. berghei causal prophylaxis model. They also elicited significantly milder hemotoxicity in the humanized NOD/SCID mouse model engrafted with red blood cells from G6PD deficient donors. The clinical application is envisioned as a single subcutaneous administration, and the lead tafenoquine polymer also showed excellent bioavailability and liver-to-blood ratios exceeding the IV administered polymer. The liver-targeted tafenoquine polymers warrant further development as a single-dose therapeutic via the subcutaneous route with the potential for broader patient administration without a requirement for G6PD diagnosis.
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30
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Ho DK, LeGuyader C, Srinivasan S, Roy D, Vlaskin V, Chavas TEJ, Lopez CL, Snyder JM, Postma A, Chiefari J, Stayton PS. Fully synthetic injectable depots with high drug content and tunable pharmacokinetics for long-acting drug delivery. J Control Release 2020; 329:257-269. [PMID: 33217474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies have validated that antiretroviral (ARV) drugs can serve as an HIV pre-exposure prophylactic (PrEP) strategy. Dosing adherence remains a crucial factor determining the final efficacy outcomes, and both long-acting implants and injectable depot systems are being developed to improve patient adherence. Here, we describe an injectable depot platform that exploits a new mechanism for both formation and controlled release. The depot is a polymeric prodrug synthesized from monomers that incorporate an ARV drug tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) with degradable linkers that can be designed to control release rates. The prodrug monomers are synthetically incorporated into homopolymer or block designs that exhibit high drug weight percent (wt%) and also are hydrophobized in these prodrug segments to drive depot formation upon injection. Drug release converts those monomers to more hydrophilic pendant groups via linker cleavage, and as this drug release proceeds, the polymer chains losing hydrophobicity are then disassociated from the depot and released over time to provide a depot dissolution mechanism. We show that long-acting TAF depots can be designed as block copolymers or as homopolymers. They can also be designed with different linkers, for example with faster or slower degrading p-hydroxybenzyloxycarbonyl (Benzyl) and ethyloxycarbonyl (Alkyl) linkers, respectively. Diblock designs of p(glycerol monomethacrylate)-b-p(Alkyl-TAF-methacrylate) and p(glycerol monomethacrylate)-b-p(Benzyl-TAF-methacrylate) were first characterized in a mouse subcutaneous injection model. The alkylcarbamate linker design (TAF 51 wt%) showed excellent sustained release profiles of the key metabolite tenofovir (TFV) in skin and plasma over a 50-day period. Next, the homopolymer design with a high TAF drug wt% of 73% was characterized in the same model. The homopolymer depots with p(Alkyl-TAFMA) exhibited sustained TFV and TAF release profiles in skin and blood over 60 days, and TFV-DP concentrations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were found to be at least 10-fold higher than the clinically suggested minimally EC90 protective concentration of 24 fmol/106 cells. These are the first reports of sustained parent TAF dosing observed in mouse and TFV-DP in mouse PBMC. IVIS imaging of rhodamine labeled homopolymer depots showed that degradation and release of the depot coincided with the sustained TAF release. Finally, these polymers showed excellent stability in accelerated stability studies over a six-month time period, and exceptional solubility of over 700 mg/mL in the DMSO formulation solvent. The homopolymer designs have a drug reservoir potential of well over a year at mg/day dosing and may not require cold chain storage for global health and developed world long-acting drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy-Khiet Ho
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Clare LeGuyader
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Debashish Roy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Vladimir Vlaskin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Thomas E J Chavas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Ciana L Lopez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Jessica M Snyder
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Almar Postma
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - John Chiefari
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Patrick S Stayton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
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31
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Limqueco E, Passos Da Silva D, Reichhardt C, Su FY, Das D, Chen J, Srinivasan S, Convertine A, Skerrett SJ, Parsek MR, Stayton PS, Ratner DM. Mannose Conjugated Polymer Targeting P. aeruginosa Biofilms. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2866-2871. [PMID: 33074651 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are one of the most challenging obstacles in bacterial infections. By providing protection against immune responses and antibiotic therapies, biofilms enable chronic colonization and the development of antibiotic resistance. As previous clinical observations and studies have shown, traditional antibiotic therapy alone cannot effectively treat and eliminate biofilm forming infections due to the protection conferred by the biofilm. A new strategy specifically targeting biofilms must be developed. Here, we specifically target and bind to the PAO1 biofilm and elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the interaction between a glycan targeted polymer and biofilm using a continuous flow biofilm model. The incubation of biofilms with fluorescent glycan targeted polymers demonstrated strong and persistent interactions with the mannose-containing polymer even after 24 h of continuous flow. To evaluate the role of major biofilm proteins LecB and CdrA, loss of function experiments with knockout variants established the dual involvement of both proteins in mannose targeted polymer retention. These results identify a persistent and specific targeting strategy to the biofilm, emphasizing its potential value as a delivery strategy and encouraging further exploration of biofilm targeted delivery.
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32
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Rushworth JL, Montgomery KS, Cao B, Brown R, Dibb NJ, Nilsson SK, Chiefari J, Fuchter MJ. Glycosylated Nanoparticles Derived from RAFT Polymerization for Effective Drug Delivery to Macrophages. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:5775-5786. [PMID: 35021808 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The functional group tolerance and simplicity of reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization enable its use in the preparation of a wide range of functional polymer architectures for a variety of applications, including drug delivery. Given the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer and their dependence on the tyrosine kinase receptor FMS (CSF-1R), the key aim of this work was to achieve effective delivery of an FMS inhibitor to cells using a polymer delivery system. Such a system has the potential to exploit biological features specific to macrophages and therefore provide enhanced selectivity. Building on our prior work, we have prepared RAFT polymers based on a poly(butyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) diblock, which were extended with a hydrophilic block, a cross-linker, and a mannose-based monomer scaffold, exploiting the abundance of macrophage mannose receptors (MMRs, CD206) on the surface of macrophages. We demonstrate that the prepared polymers can be assembled into nanoparticles and are successfully internalized into macrophages, in part, via the MMR (CD206). Finally, we showcase the developed nanoparticles in the delivery of an FMS inhibitor to cells, resulting in inhibition of the FMS receptor. As such, this study lays the groundwork for further drug-delivery studies aimed at specifically targeting TAMs with molecularly targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Rushworth
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.,CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Katherine S Montgomery
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.,CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Benjamin Cao
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Victoria 3169, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Robert Brown
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Nick J Dibb
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Susan K Nilsson
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Victoria 3169, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - John Chiefari
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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33
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Chen M, He J, Xie S, Wang T, Ran P, Zhang Z, Li X. Intracellular bacteria destruction via traceable enzymes-responsive release and deferoxamine-mediated ingestion of antibiotics. J Control Release 2020; 322:326-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Gräfe D, Walden SL, Blinco J, Wegener M, Blasco E, Barner‐Kowollik C. It's in the Fine Print: Erasable Three-Dimensional Laser-Printed Micro- and Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6330-6340. [PMID: 31749287 PMCID: PMC7317938 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
3D printing, on all scales, is currently a vibrant topic in scientific and industrial research as it has enormous potential to radically change manufacturing. Owing to the inherent nature of the manufacturing process, 3D printed structures may require additional material to structurally support complex features. Such support material must be removed after printing-sometimes termed subtractive manufacturing-without adversely affecting the remaining structure. An elegant solution is the use of photoresists containing labile bonds that allow for controlled cleavage with specific triggers. Herein, we explore state-of-the-art cleavable photoresists for 3D direct laser writing, as well as their potential to combine additive and subtractive manufacturing in a hybrid technology. We discuss photoresist design, feature resolution, cleavage properties, and current limitations of selected examples. Furthermore, we share our perspective on possible labile bonds, and their corresponding cleavage trigger, which we believe will have a critical impact on future applications and expand the toolbox of available cleavable photoresists.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gräfe
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetQLD4000BrisbaneAustralia
| | - Sarah L. Walden
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetQLD4000BrisbaneAustralia
| | - James Blinco
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetQLD4000BrisbaneAustralia
| | - Martin Wegener
- Institute of Applied Physics (APH)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Eva Blasco
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetQLD4000BrisbaneAustralia
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
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35
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Gräfe D, Walden SL, Blinco J, Wegener M, Blasco E, Barner‐Kowollik C. Es ist im Kleingedruckten: Löschbare dreidimensionale lasergedruckte Mikro‐ und Nanostrukturen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Gräfe
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street QLD 4000 Brisbane Australien
| | - Sarah L. Walden
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street QLD 4000 Brisbane Australien
| | - James Blinco
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street QLD 4000 Brisbane Australien
| | - Martin Wegener
- Institut für Angewandte Physik (APH) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Eva Blasco
- Makromolekulare Architekturen Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street QLD 4000 Brisbane Australien
- Makromolekulare Architekturen Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Karlsruhe Deutschland
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36
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Liu X, Wang Z, Feng X, Bai E, Xiong Y, Zhu X, Shen B, Duan Y, Huang Y. Platensimycin-Encapsulated Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers Nanoparticles with Enhanced Anti-Staphylococcal Activity in Vivo. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1425-1437. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Liu
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xueqiong Feng
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Enhe Bai
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiangcheng Zhu
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Natural Product Drug Discover, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | | | - Yanwen Duan
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Natural Product Drug Discover, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis for Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis for Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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37
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Qu S, Liu Y, Hu Q, Han Y, Hao Z, Shen J, Zhu K. Programmable antibiotic delivery to combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus through precision therapy. J Control Release 2020; 321:710-717. [PMID: 32135225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The rapid dissemination of life-threatening multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens calls for the development of new antibacterial agents and alternative strategies. The virulence factor secreted by bacteria plays a crucial role in the sophisticated processes during infections. Inspired by the unique capacity of many bacteria inducing clotting of plasma to initiate colonization, we propose a programmable antibiotic delivery system for precision therapy using methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) as a model. Coagulase utilized by MRSA to directly cleave fibrinogen into fibrin, is an ideal target not only for tracking bacterial status but for triggering the collapse of fibrinogen functionalized porous microspheres. Subsequently, staphylokinase, another virulence factor of MRSA, catalyzed hydrolysis of fibrin to further release the encapsulated antibiotics from microspheres. Our sequential triggered-release system exhibits high selectivity to distinguish live or dead MRSA from other pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, such programmable microspheres clear 99% MRSA in 4 h, and show increased efficiency in a wound healing model in rats. Our study provides a programmable drug delivery system to precisely target bacterial pathogens using their intrinsic enzymatic cascades. This programmable platform with reduced selective stress of antibiotics on microbiota sheds light on the potential therapy for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqi Qu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiao Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yiming Han
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Kui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Peng H, Xie B, Yang X, Dai J, Wei G, He Y. Pillar[5]arene-based, dual pH and enzyme responsive supramolecular vesicles for targeted antibiotic delivery against intracellular MRSA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8115-8118. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02522d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A rationally designed mannosylated amphiphilic pillar[5]arene (Man@AP5) self-assembles into supramolecular vesicles with encapsulated vancomycin (Man@AP5-Van), enhancing vancomycin's antibacterial efficacy against intracellular MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- 401331 Shapingba
- China
| | - Beibei Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- 401331 Shapingba
- China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Jiaojiao Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- 401331 Shapingba
- China
| | - Guoxing Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- 401331 Shapingba
- China
| | - Yun He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- 401331 Shapingba
- China
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39
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Dal Corso A, Pignataro L, Belvisi L, Gennari C. Innovative Linker Strategies for Tumor‐Targeted Drug Conjugates. Chemistry 2019; 25:14740-14757. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dal Corso
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
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40
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Mu Y, Patters BJ, Midde NM, He H, Kumar S, Cory TJ. Tobacco and Antiretrovirals Modulate Transporter, Metabolic Enzyme, and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression and Function in Polarized Macrophages. Curr HIV Res 2019; 16:354-363. [PMID: 30706821 PMCID: PMC6446460 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x17666190130114531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking increases systemic oxidative stress, inflammation, and viral replication in individuals with HIV. Macrophages are infected during HIV infection and serve as an important reservoir throughout the process. Macrophages exist in two phenotypes, the classically activated M1 macrophage and alternatively activated M2 macrophage. The expression of drug efflux transporters and metabolic enzymes, which have direct effects on intracellular drug concentrations, differ between the pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage and the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage. OBJECTIVE To further explain the role of tobacco use in worsened outcomes in the HIV + population receiving antiretroviral therapy. METHODS Western blotting was used to examine macrophage polarization and expression of drug efflux transporters, CYP enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes. The arginase assay was used to measure arginase activity. Cytokine production was measured using the human multiplex inflammatory cytokine assay kit. The 8-OHdG DNA Damage Quantification Direct Kit was used to quantify DNA damage. Viral replication under the influence of tobacco and antiretroviral drug use was measured by p24 Elisa. RESULTS We observed phenotypic shifts from M1 to M2 with both individual and combination treatments with cigarette smoke condensate and the protease inhibitor antiretroviral drug lopinavir. These shifts lead to changes in cytokine production, the expression of CYP enzymes, anti-oxidant enzymes, and drug efflux transporters, as well as changes in viral replication. CONCLUSION This data suggest a mechanism by which tobacco use impairs HIV antiretroviral therapy to increase intracellular drug concentrations in this important cellular reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Mu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, United States
| | - Benjamin J Patters
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, United States
| | - Narasimha M Midde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, United States
| | - Hui He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, United States
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, United States
| | - Theodore J Cory
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, United States
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41
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Cheng AV, Wuest WM. Signed, Sealed, Delivered: Conjugate and Prodrug Strategies as Targeted Delivery Vectors for Antibiotics. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:816-828. [PMID: 30969100 PMCID: PMC6570538 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Innate and developed resistance mechanisms of bacteria to antibiotics are obstacles in the design of novel drugs. However, antibacterial prodrugs and conjugates have shown promise in circumventing resistance and tolerance mechanisms via directed delivery of antibiotics to the site of infection or to specific species or strains of bacteria. The selective targeting and increased permeability and accumulation of these prodrugs not only improves efficacy over unmodified drugs but also reduces off-target effects, toxicity, and development of resistance. Herein, we discuss some of these methods, including sideromycins, antibody-directed prodrugs, cell penetrating peptide conjugates, and codrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V. Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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42
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Chen J, Su FY, Das D, Srinivasan S, Son HN, Lee B, Radella F, Whittington D, Monroe-Jones T, West TE, Convertine AJ, Skerrett SJ, Stayton PS, Ratner DM. Glycan targeted polymeric antibiotic prodrugs for alveolar macrophage infections. Biomaterials 2018; 195:38-50. [PMID: 30610992 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages resident in the lung are prominent phagocytic effector cells of the pulmonary innate immune response, and paradoxically, are attractive harbors for pathogens. Consequently, facultative intracellular bacteria, such as Francisella tularensis, can cause severe systemic disease and sepsis, with high morbidity and mortality associated with pulmonary infection. Current clinical treatment, which involves exhaustive oral or intravenous antibiotic therapy, has limitations such as systemic toxicity and off-target effects. Pulmonary administration represents a promising alternative to systemic dosing for delivering antibiotics directly to the lung. Here, we present synthesized mannosylated ciprofloxacin polymeric prodrugs for efficient pulmonary delivery, targeting, and subsequent internalization by alveolar macrophages. We demonstrate significant improvement in efficacy against intracellular infections in an otherwise uniformly lethal airborne Francisella murine model (F. novicida). When administered to the lungs of mice in a prophylactic regimen, the mannosylated ciprofloxacin polymeric prodrugs led to 50% survival. In a treatment regimen that was concurrent with infection, the survival of mice increased to 87.5%. Free ciprofloxacin antibiotic was ineffective in both cases. This significant difference in antibacterial efficacy demonstrates the impact of this delivery platform based on improved physiochemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties of ciprofloxacin administered via our glycan polymeric prodrug. This modular platform provides a route for overcoming the limitations of free drug and increasing efficacy in treatment of intracellular infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Fang-Yi Su
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Debobrato Das
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hye-Nam Son
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Brian Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Frank Radella
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Dale Whittington
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Taylor Monroe-Jones
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - T Eoin West
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | | | - Shawn J Skerrett
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Patrick S Stayton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Daniel M Ratner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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