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Meiners L, Horn J, Jones TC, Mühlemann B, Schmidt ML, Walper F, Menzel P, Schwarzer R, Rose R, Krumbholz A, Corman VM, Seybold J, Drosten C. SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test sensitivity and viral load in newly symptomatic hospital employees in Berlin, Germany, December, 2020 to February, 2022: an observational study. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024:S2666-5247(23)00412-3. [PMID: 38759669 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants and changing levels of pre-existing immunity require re-evaluation of antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT) performance. We investigated possible associations between Ag-RDT sensitivity and various potential influencing factors, such as immunisation status and viral variant, in symptomatic hospital employees. METHODS In this observational study, RT-PCR, Ag-RDT, and symptom-specific data were collected at three SARS-CoV-2 test centres for employees of the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin hospital (Berlin, Germany). Employees reporting SARS-CoV-2-like symptoms, those at an increased risk of infection (eg, due to contact with an infected person), those testing positive in a previous self-administered Ag-RDT, or those seeking release-testing to return to work at least 7 days after a positive RT-PCR test were eligible for combined testing by RT-PCR and Ag-RDT. Only data from individuals with an ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infection as assessed by RT-PCR were used for further analysis. Bayesian regression analyses were done to evaluate possible differences in viral load and Ag-RDT sensitivity according to viral variant and immunisation status (previous vaccination or recovery from infection), using data from first RT-PCR positive samples in an infection. A comprehensive logistic regression analysis was used to investigate potential concomitant associations between Ag-RDT sensitivity and level of pre-existing immunity, time post symptom onset, viral load, gender, age, and Ag-RDT device. Ag-RDT performance was also compared between supernatants from cell cultures infected with the omicron variant of concern (VOC) or the wild-type strain (pre-VOC). FINDINGS Between Nov 30, 2020 and Feb 11, 2022, a total of 14 773 samples from 7675 employees were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by both RT-PCR and Ag-RDT. We found a negative association between immunisation status and Ag-RDT sensitivity in symptomatic employees, with an observed sensitivity of 82% (94% highest posterior density interval [HPDI] 78-86) in immunologically naive participants compared with 73% (68-78) in multiply immunised individuals (ie, those with at least two vaccinations or recoveries from infection) and median log10 viral loads of 7·02 (IQR 5·83-8·07) and 8·08 (6·80-8·89), respectively. The dominant viral variant changed several times during the study period, from the pre-VOC period (sensitivity 80% [94% HPDI 75-85] in symptomatic participants) through the alpha variant (82% [70-94]), delta variant (75% [69-82]), and omicron variant (72% [65-79]) waves, concomitantly with a steep increase in vaccination coverage in our dataset. In a comparison of Ag-RDT performance on cell culture supernatants, we found no difference between the wild-type and omicron viral variants. INTERPRETATION On the basis of our findings and data from other studies, we hypothesise that the observed reduction in clinical Ag-RDT sensitivity, despite higher SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads, is due to shorter incubation times later in our study period resulting from increased population immunity or changes in immune response dynamics caused by later SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. FUNDING Berlin University Alliance, German Ministry of Education and Research, the EU (Projects EU4Health and ReCoVer), and the Berlin Institute of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Meiners
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Horn
- Departments of Emergency Medicine Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Terry C Jones
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany; Centre for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Barbara Mühlemann
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Luisa Schmidt
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Walper
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Ruben Rose
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andi Krumbholz
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Labor Dr Krause und Kollegen MVZ, Kiel, Germany
| | - Victor M Corman
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany; Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Seybold
- Medical Directorate, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany; Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany.
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Han E, Lee S, Kim HS, Yu H, Lee GD, Kim Y, Kim M. Analytical performance of the Abbott ID NOW 2.0 assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection in clinical samples from symptomatic patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 108:116164. [PMID: 38157639 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated the analytical performance of ID NOW™ COVID-19 2.0 assay versus conventional real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using a total of 792 clinical samples from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, stored in frozen universal transport medium samples. Positive percent agreement (PPA) and negative percent agreement of ID NOW were 97.6 % and 100 %, respectively. The overall percent agreement between ID NOW and RT-PCR was 99.5 %. The PPA of ID NOW in detecting SARS-CoV-2 in 164 RT-PCR positive patients, all of whom had symptoms related COVID-19, was 97.1 % within 8 days since symptom onset, 97.9 % from 8 to 14 days since symptom onset, and 97.6 % after 14 days since symptom onset, with no significant difference between the days since symptom onset. The ID NOW assay demonstrated good performance, providing a rapid and randomly accessible alternative to conventional RT-PCR for timely SARS-CoV-2 detection, particularly in situations requiring rapid results for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhee Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungok Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Laboratory Development and Evaluation Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Seok Kim
- Catholic Laboratory Development and Evaluation Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Haein Yu
- Catholic Laboratory Development and Evaluation Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Dong Lee
- Catholic Laboratory Development and Evaluation Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggoo Kim
- Catholic Laboratory Development and Evaluation Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungshin Kim
- Catholic Laboratory Development and Evaluation Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Bhuiyan NH, Shim JS. Immunity testing against COVID-19 from blood by an IoT-enabled and AI-controlled multiplexed microfluidic platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 244:115791. [PMID: 37952323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing herd immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is pivotal for changing the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the uncertainty of vaccine-induced immunity development and inequitable distribution of vaccines hinders the global vaccination effort. Therefore, routine serodiagnosis and ensuring effective vaccination on a time-to-time basis are essential for developing sustainable immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Herein, an AI-driven multiplexed point-of-care testing (POCT) platform capable of utilizing a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device has been proposed for analyzing bodily fluid response against SARS-CoV-2. The developed platform has been successfully utilized for the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein, N-protein, IgM, and IgG from human blood samples with limits of detection (LODs) as low as 0.01, 0.02, 0.69, and 0.61 ng/mL respectively. Finally, a data-receptive web-based dashboard system has been developed and demonstrated to provide real-time, territory-specific analysis of herd immunity progress from the test results. Thus, the proposed platform could be an imperative tool for healthcare authorities to analyze and restrain ongoing COVID-19 outbreaks or similar pandemics in the future by ensuring effective immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil H Bhuiyan
- Bio-IT Convergence Laboratory, Dept. of Electronic Convergence Engineering, KwangWoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon S Shim
- Bio-IT Convergence Laboratory, Dept. of Electronic Convergence Engineering, KwangWoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Fajfr M, Rashad Hassan Muhammad Moolla L, Barout J, Sahani S, Kukla R, Cermakova E, Sleha R, Bostik P. The sensitivity and specificity of Abbott Panbio™ COVID 19 Ag Rapid test in the context of four SARS-CoV-2 variants. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23475. [PMID: 38163144 PMCID: PMC10755316 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid antigen tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 are commonly used for the diagnosis of Covid-19. Previously published data showed a wide range of sensitivity and specificity of RATs, but these studies were performed on relatively small numbers of samples and using only limited numbers of virus variants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the main parameters of a commonly used RAT for 4 different virus variants in comparison with PCR. Material and methods A set of 2874 samples obtained from Covid-19 patients were examined both by PCR and RAT. Two commercial PCR kits (Generi Biotech, Diana Biotechnologies) and one RAT - Abbott Panbio™ COVID 19 Ag Rapid - were compared for their sensitivity and specificity in samples positive for one of the four different SARS-CoV-2 variants - B.1.258 (n = 496), Alpha (n = 645), Delta/Delta+ (n = 687), and Omicron (n = 1046). Results The sensitivity of Panbio™ COVID19 Ag Rapid test varied from 80.0 % in Omicron to 88.92 % in Alpha variants. The specificities of the RAT for all variants reached above 93 %. Statistically significant differences were found between the results from RAT assay in select virus variants. In addition, significantly higher sensitivity (p < 0.05) was detected in samples with higher viral loads than in those with lower. Conclusion Despite the different sensitivity and specificity of Panbio™ COVID19 Ag Rapid test (Abbott ®) for different SARS-CoV-2 variants, this test sensitivity was proven to be always above the 80 % suggested by WHO, which makes it suitable for common use, regardless of the virus variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Fajfr
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Joudi Barout
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Saaz Sahani
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Kukla
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Cermakova
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Sleha
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bostik
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Fung CYJ, Scott M, Lerner-Ellis J, Taher J. Applications of SARS-CoV-2 serological testing: impact of test performance, sample matrices, and patient characteristics. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024; 61:70-88. [PMID: 37800891 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2254390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory testing has been a key tool in managing the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. While rapid antigen and PCR testing has proven useful for diagnosing acute SARS-CoV-2 infections, additional testing methods are required to understand the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infections on immune response. Serological testing, a well-documented laboratory practice, measures the presence of antibodies in a sample to uncover information about host immunity. Although proposed applications of serological testing for clinical use have previously been limited, current research into SARS-CoV-2 has shown growing utility for serological methods in these settings. To name a few, serological testing has been used to identify patients with past infections and long-term active disease and to monitor vaccine efficacy. Test utility and result interpretation, however, are often complicated by factors that include poor test sensitivity early in infection, lack of immune response in some individuals, overlying infection and vaccination responses, lack of standardization of antibody titers/levels between instruments, unknown titers that confer immune protection, and large between-individual biological variation following infection or vaccination. Thus, the three major components of this review will examine (1) factors that affect serological test utility: test performance, testing matrices, seroprevalence concerns and viral variants, (2) patient factors that affect serological response: timing of sampling, age, sex, body mass index, immunosuppression and vaccination, and (3) informative applications of serological testing: identifying past infection, immune surveillance to guide health practices, and examination of protective immunity. SARS-CoV-2 serological testing should be beneficial for clinical care if it is implemented appropriately. However, as with other laboratory developed tests, use of SARS-CoV-2 serology as a testing modality warrants careful consideration of testing limitations and evaluation of its clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yiu Jordan Fung
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mackenzie Scott
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan Lerner-Ellis
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Taher
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Moy JN, Amin AM, Chalmers-Watson C, Chowdhury R, Forssten C, Fu J, Ghosh S, Harris JD, Kordowich S, Li Y, Lin W, Mackay-Thomas S, Mickiewicz M, Patel N, Resino S, Sevenoaks T, Tugetman MA, Valencia J, Vijesurier R, White N, Woods CW, Kennedy PT, Ryan P. Evaluation of the Panbio™ COVID-19 IgG rapid test device performance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22612. [PMID: 38125420 PMCID: PMC10730567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Panbio™ COVID-19 IgG Rapid Test Device ("Panbio™") detects IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from viral infection or vaccination. Objectives To determine the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Panbio™ professional use test, using fingerstick whole blood and venous plasma. Study design Fingerstick whole blood and venous plasma from each participant were tested with Panbio™ and compared against the SARS-CoV-2 IgG II assay on the Abbott Architect™ platform (Europe) or the equivalent AdviseDx SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Abbott Alinity i™ platform (US). 447 evaluable participants were enrolled across 6 US and 9 European clinical centers. Results For unvaccinated participants with PCR-confirmed infection ≥21 days post-symptom onset, the Panbio™ sensitivity with fingerstick whole blood was 92.6 % (95 % CI: 85.9, 96.7), and the specificity was 97.0 % (95 % CI: 93.1, 99.0). For venous plasma, the sensitivity was 90.0 % (95 % CI: 79.5, 96.2) for participants with PCR-confirmed infection and symptom onset 22-180 days ago; the specificity was 96.3 % (92.2, 98.6). For vaccinated participants, the sensitivity was 98.4 % (95 % CI: 91.2, 100.0) for fingerstick whole blood and 96.7 % (95 % CI: 88.7, 99.6) for venous plasma. Conclusion The Panbio™ test had high sensitivity and specificity for detecting IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N. Moy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jun Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D. Harris
- Urgent Care Clinical Trials at AFC Urgent Care, Easley and Powdersville, SC, USA
| | | | - Yin Li
- Abbott Rapid and Molecular Diagnostics, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Wenchi Lin
- Abbott Rapid and Molecular Diagnostics, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Marc Mickiewicz
- Urgent Care Clinical Trials at Complete Urgent Care, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Salvador Resino
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | | | | | - Jorge Valencia
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roy Vijesurier
- Abbott Rapid and Molecular Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL, USA
| | - Nikki White
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Essex, UK
| | - Christopher W. Woods
- Center for Infectious Disease Diagnostic and Innovation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Pablo Ryan
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Garmatiuk T, Gränitz-Trisko C, Sochor-Geischläger C, Polsterer T, Caselotto F, Willitsch L, Reinhardt B, Huf W. Clinical comparison of three SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification tests for routine diagnostic testing. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22112. [PMID: 38034696 PMCID: PMC10685266 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cycle threshold (Ct) values from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification tests have been used to estimate viral load for treatment decisions. Additionally, there is a need for high-throughput testing, consolidating a variety of assays on one random-access analyzer. Objectives In this study, the clinical performance of the Alinity m SARS-CoV-2, RealTime SARS-CoV-2, and GeneXpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2/Flu/RSV assays was assessed. Methods Alinity precision and detection rates were evaluated using a dilution series of the Alinity m SARS-CoV-2 positive control. In a retrospective study, 7 remnant external quality assessment (EQA) specimens and 200 remnant nasopharyngeal swab specimens (100 positive and 100 negative) were tested in the three assays. Results Alinity had 100 % detection rate at 50 copies/mL and high reproducibility (Ct value coefficient of variation ≤3.1 %). All three assays correctly detected positive and negative EQA samples with comparable Ct values (max difference 2.38) and high linearity. In patient samples, positive percent agreement was 95 % (95 % CI 89-98 %) and negative percent agreement was 100 % (95 % CI 96-100 %) for Alinity, compared to the other two assays. Four specimens detected on Alinity m but not RealTime or Xpert had Ct values above 40. Assay results were highly correlated (r ≥ 0.94). Ct values (after addition of 10 unread cycles to the reported Ct of RealTime) were comparable across the three assays. Conclusions Alinity m had high precision and accuracy and Ct values comparable to those of the RealTime and Xpert assays. The assays could be used interchangeably, with no need for adjustment of patient management decisions based on Ct values from each assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Garmatiuk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hietzing Hospital, Wolkersbergenstraße 1, 1130, Wien, Austria
| | - Christine Gränitz-Trisko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hietzing Hospital, Wolkersbergenstraße 1, 1130, Wien, Austria
| | | | - Theresa Polsterer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hietzing Hospital, Wolkersbergenstraße 1, 1130, Wien, Austria
| | - Francesca Caselotto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hietzing Hospital, Wolkersbergenstraße 1, 1130, Wien, Austria
| | - Lukas Willitsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hietzing Hospital, Wolkersbergenstraße 1, 1130, Wien, Austria
| | | | - Wolfgang Huf
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Clinical Risk Management, Wolkersbergenstraße 1, 1130, Wien, Austria
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Yari P, Liang S, Chugh VK, Rezaei B, Mostufa S, Krishna VD, Saha R, Cheeran MCJ, Wang JP, Gómez-Pastora J, Wu K. Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 and Future Epidemics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15419-15449. [PMID: 37826859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Yari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Vinit Kumar Chugh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Bahareh Rezaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shahriar Mostufa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Venkatramana Divana Krishna
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Renata Saha
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Maxim C-J Cheeran
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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Wertenauer C, Pfeifer C, Roskos M, März W. Rapid antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2-a synopsis of the medical evidence. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116027. [PMID: 37516068 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, continues to influence health, economy, and stability worldwide. Diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 is important to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. With the commercial availability of certified antigen (Ag) rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), which can be used to identify an infection with SARS-CoV-2 an easy-to-use tool was introduced. Self-tests can offer advantages to complement professionally administered rapid antigen detection or nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT). Compared to real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Ag-RDTs are cost inexpensive, do not need specialized laboratory equipment, facilitating high-throughput testing. However, Ag-RDT sensitivities are strongly dependent on the viral load within the specimen, which has limited their application in clinical settings so far. The methodical limitations of Ag-RDTs may produce false negative test results, particularly when specimens with low viral loads are examined. This may facilitate viral transmissions if protective measurements are lifted mistakenly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Wertenauer
- Medical Clinic V, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | | | | | - Winfried März
- Medical Clinic V, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany; Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Anderson M, Holzmayer V, Harris B, Hodges A, Olivo A, Fortney T, Goldstein Y, Hirschhorn J, Pytel D, Faron ML, Cloherty G, Rodgers MA. The diversification of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants and evaluation of their detection with molecular and rapid antigen assays. J Clin Virol 2023; 166:105532. [PMID: 37459763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic saw the rapid rise, global spread, and diversification of the omicron variant in 2022. Given the overwhelming dominance of this variant globally and its diverse lineages, there is an urgent need to ensure that diagnostic assays are capable of detecting widely circulating omicron sub-lineages. STUDY DESIGN Remnant clinical VTM samples from SARS-CoV-2 PCR confirmed infections (n = 733) collected in Wisconsin (n = 94), New York (n = 267), and South Carolina (n = 372) throughout 2022 were sequenced, classified, and tested with m2000 RealTime SARS-CoV-2, Alinity m SARS-CoV-2, ID NOW COVID-19 v2.0, BinaxNOW COVID-19 Ag Card, and Panbio COVID-19 Rapid Test Device assays. RESULTS Sequences and lineage classifications were obtained for n = 641/733 (87.4%) samples and included delta (n = 6) and representatives from all major SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants circulating in 2022 (BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, BA.5, BE, BF, BQ.1, and XBB). Panels of diverse omicron lineages were tested by molecular assays RealTime (n = 624), Alinity m (n = 80), and ID NOW v2.0 (n = 88) with results showing 100% detection for all samples. BinaxNOW and Panbio had sensitivities of 494/533 (92.7%) and 416/469 (88.7%), respectively for specimens with >4 log10 copies/test, consistent with expected performance for frozen specimens. Furthermore, BinaxNOW demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 detection in clinical samples 1-4 days, and up to 18 days post-symptom onset in BA.1 infected patients with >4 log10 copies/test. CONCLUSIONS This data highlights the rise and diversification of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants over the course of 2022 and demonstrate that each of the 5 tested assays can detect the breadth of omicron variants circulating globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Anderson
- Abbott Diagnostics Division, Infectious Disease Research, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America.
| | - Vera Holzmayer
- Abbott Diagnostics Division, Infectious Disease Research, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America
| | - Barbara Harris
- Abbott Diagnostics Division, Infectious Disease Research, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America
| | - Austin Hodges
- Abbott Diagnostics Division, Infectious Disease Research, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America
| | - Ana Olivo
- Abbott Diagnostics Division, Infectious Disease Research, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America
| | - Tiffany Fortney
- Abbott Diagnostics Division, Infectious Disease Research, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America
| | - Yitz Goldstein
- Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Julie Hirschhorn
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dariusz Pytel
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Matthew L Faron
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Gavin Cloherty
- Abbott Diagnostics Division, Infectious Disease Research, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America
| | - Mary A Rodgers
- Abbott Diagnostics Division, Infectious Disease Research, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America
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11
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Boler M, Anderson M, Rodgers M, Parumoottil J, Olivo A, Harris B, Stec M, Gosha A, Behun D, Holzmayer V, Anderson A, Greenholt E, Fortney T, Almaraz E, Cloherty G, Landay A, Moy J. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after confirmed Omicron BA.1 and presumed BA.4/5 infections using Abbott ARCHITECT and Panbio assays. IJID REGIONS 2023; 7:277-280. [PMID: 37234563 PMCID: PMC10174724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Commercial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody tests were developed before variants with spike protein mutations emerged, leading to concerns that these tests have reduced sensitivity for detecting antibody responses in individuals infected with Omicron subvariants. This study was performed to evaluate Abbott ARCHITECT serologic assays, AdviseDx SARS-CoV-2 IgG II, and SARS-CoV-2 IgG for the detection of spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) IgG antibody increases in vaccinated healthcare workers infected with Omicron subvariants. Methods During the BA.1/2 and BA.4/5 waves, 171 SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (122 in the BA.1/2 wave, 49 in the BA.4/5 wave) were tested for S and N IgG post infection. Sequencing and SARS-CoV-2 variant confirmation were performed on nasal swab samples from individuals infected during the BA.1/2 wave. Results Twenty-seven Omicron sequence confirmed individuals in the BA.1/2 wave and all 49 in the BA.4/5 wave had pre-infection antibody data. Compared to pre-infection levels, post-infection S IgG increased 6.6-fold from 1294 ± 302 BAU/ml (mean ± standard error measurement) to 9796 ± 1252 BAU/ml (P < 0.001) during the BA.1/2 wave, and 3.6-fold from 1771 ± 351 BAU/ml to 8224 ± 943 BAU/ml (P < 0.001) during the BA.4/5 wave. N IgG increased post infection 19.1-fold from 0.2 ± 0.1 to 3.7 ± 0.5 (P < 0.001) during the BA.1/2 wave and 13.5-fold from 0.22 ± 0.1 to 3.2 ± 0.3 (P < 0.001) during the BA.4/5 wave. Among 159 infection-naïve individuals, positive N IgG levels were detected with a sensitivity of 88% in the 87 individuals who were tested between 14 days and 60 days post infection. Conclusions The large increases in post-infection S IgG along with the N IgG sensitivity that was comparable to previously reported N IgG sensitivity data in unvaccinated individuals after Omicron infection, support the use of Abbott SARS-CoV-2 assays for detecting increased S IgG and seroconversion of N IgG in vaccinated individuals post Omicron infection. Given that 68% of the United States population is fully vaccinated, these results are of current relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Boler
- Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W Harrison Street Suite 739, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mark Anderson
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Mary Rodgers
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Jessica Parumoottil
- Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W Harrison Street Suite 739, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ana Olivo
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Barbara Harris
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Michael Stec
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Amy Gosha
- Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W Harrison Street Suite 739, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dylan Behun
- Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W Harrison Street Suite 739, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Vera Holzmayer
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Abby Anderson
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Ella Greenholt
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Tiffany Fortney
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Eduardo Almaraz
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Gavin Cloherty
- Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
| | - Alan Landay
- Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W Harrison Street Suite 739, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - James Moy
- Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W Harrison Street Suite 739, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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12
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Yu L, Tang Z, Sun Y, Yi H, Tang Y, Zhong Y, Dian D, Cong Y, Wang H, Xie Z, He S, Chen Z. A polyethylene glycol enhanced ligation-triggered self-priming isothermal amplification for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 D614G mutation. Talanta 2023; 262:124711. [PMID: 37244245 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We presented a polyethylene glycol (PEG) enhanced ligation-triggered self-priming isothermal amplification (PEG-LSPA) for the detection D614G mutation in S-glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. PEG was employed to improve the ligation efficiency of this assay by constructing a molecular crowding environment. Two hairpin probes (H1 and H2) were designed to contain 18 nt and 20 nt target binding site at their 3' end and 5' end, respectively. In presence of target sequence, it complemented with H1 and H2 to trigger ligation by ligase under molecular crowding condition to form ligated H1-H2 duplex. Then 3' terminus of the H2 would be extended by DNA polymerase under isothermal conditions to form a longer extended hairpin (EHP1). 5' terminus of EHP1 with phosphorothioate (PS) modification could form hairpin structure due to the lower Tm value. The resulting 3' end overhang would also fold back as a new primer to initiate the next round of polymerization, resulting in the formation of a longer extended hairpin (EHP2) containing two target sequence domains. In the circle of LSPA, long extended hairpin (EHPx) containing numerous target sequence domains was produced. The resulting DNA products can be monitored in real-time fluorescence signaling. Our proposed assay owns an excellent linear range from 10 fM to 10 nM with a detection limit down to 4 fM. Thus, this work provides a potential isothermal amplification method for monitoring mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxin Yu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zibin Tang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yuanzhong Sun
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Hai Yi
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yuebiao Tang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yangqing Zhong
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Dongchun Dian
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yanguang Cong
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Houqi Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zhaoyang Xie
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Suhui He
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Zhangquan Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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13
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Yue H, Nowak RP, Overwijn D, Payne NC, Fischinger S, Atyeo C, Lam EC, St. Denis K, Brais LK, Konishi Y, Sklavenitis-Pistofidis R, Baden LR, Nilles EJ, Karlson EW, Yu XG, Li JZ, Woolley AE, Ghobrial IM, Meyerhardt JA, Balazs AB, Alter G, Mazitschek R, Fischer ES. Diagnostic TR-FRET assays for detection of antibodies in patient samples. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100421. [PMID: 37056371 PMCID: PMC10088089 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Serological assays are important diagnostic tools for surveying exposure to the pathogen, monitoring immune response post vaccination, and managing spread of the infectious agent among the population. Current serological laboratory assays are often limited because they require the use of specialized laboratory technology and/or work with a limited number of sample types. Here, we evaluate an alternative by developing time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) homogeneous assays that exhibited exceptional versatility, scalability, and sensitivity and outperformed or matched currently used strategies in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and precision. We validated the performance of the assays measuring total immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels; antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) or Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV spike (S) protein; and SARS-CoV-2 S and nucleocapsid (N) proteins and applied it to several large sample sets and real-world applications. We further established a TR-FRET-based ACE2-S competition assay to assess the neutralization propensity of the antibodies. Overall, these TR-FRET-based serological assays can be rapidly extended to other antigens and are compatible with commonly used plate readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yue
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Radosław P. Nowak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daan Overwijn
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - N. Connor Payne
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Stephanie Fischinger
- Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Caroline Atyeo
- Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Evan C. Lam
- Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kerri St. Denis
- Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lauren K. Brais
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yoshinobu Konishi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Romanos Sklavenitis-Pistofidis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Lindsey R. Baden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric J. Nilles
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Xu G. Yu
- Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jonathan Z. Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ann E. Woolley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Irene M. Ghobrial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Alejandro B. Balazs
- Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Eric S. Fischer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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14
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Arici N, Kansak N, Şentürk T, Baydili K, Aksaray S. Comparison of performance of LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 antigen assay with RT-PCR during the Omicron wave. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2023; 70:1-6. [PMID: 36622645 DOI: 10.1556/030.2022.01863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to the newly emerging Omicron variant, there is a need to re-evaluate the performance of automated antigen tests. Our study aim was to evaluate the performance of the automated Liaison SARS-CoV-2 antigen assay against reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in samples with Omicron variant.A prospective study was performed on 373 combined oro-nasopharyngeal samples (NPS) randomly collected from symptomatic patients. NPS were tested with Liaison SARS-CoV-2 Ag test (DiaSorin, Italy) and DS Coronex COVID-19 Multiplex RT-PCR Diagnosis Kit (DS BioTechnology, Ankara, Turkey).Of 373 samples, 124 (33.2%) were found to be RT-PCR positive and 249 (66.8%) RT-PCR negative. Taking RT-PCR as a reference, the sensitivity and specificity of the Liaison SARS-CoV-2 Ag assay were found as 84.6% (95%CI 77.3%-90%) and 100% (95%CI 98.5%-100%), respectively. For samples with a cycle threshold (Ct) value <25 (high viral load), the sensitivity increased to 100%. When antigen concentration and Ct values were compared, a strong negative correlation between antigen and Ct values was determined (P < 0.001).The Liaison antigen test met the performance criteria recommended by the WHO for samples with the Omicron variant. In addition, it showed excellent sensitivity and specificity in patients with high viral load. Therefore, Liaison antigen test can be a reliable and useful alternative in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in resource-constrained laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Arici
- 1University of Health Sciences, Haydarpasa Research and Training Hospital, Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilgün Kansak
- 1University of Health Sciences, Haydarpasa Research and Training Hospital, Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Şentürk
- 2Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kürşat Baydili
- 3University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Hamidiye, Department of Bioistatistic and Medical Informatic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sebahat Aksaray
- 4University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Hamidiye, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Koné A, Diallo D, Kané F, Diarra B, Coulibaly TA, Sameroff SC, Diarra HB, Diakité MT, Camara F, Maiga O, Keita D, Dolo O, Somboro A, Coulibaly Y, Bane S, Togo AC, Somboro AM, Togo J, Coulibaly M, Coulibaly G, Kone M, Degoga B, Dramé HB, Traoré FG, Diallo F, Sanogo F, Kone K, Diallo IB, Sanogo M, Diakité M, Mishra N, Neal A, Saliba-Shaw K, Sow Y, Hensley L, Lane HC, Briese T, Lipkin WI, Doumbia S. Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 variants characterized during different COVID-19 waves in Mali. IJID REGIONS 2023; 6:24-28. [PMID: 36448028 PMCID: PMC9691504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants may have contributed to prolonging the pandemic, and increasing morbidity and mortality related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This article describes the dynamics of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants identified during the different COVID-19 waves in Mali between April and October 2021. Methods The respiratory SARS-CoV-2 complete spike (S) gene from positive samples was sequenced. Generated sequences were aligned by Variant Reporter v3.0 using the Wuhan-1 strain as the reference. Mutations were noted using the GISAID and Nextclade platforms. Results Of 16,797 nasopharyngeal swab samples tested, 6.0% (1008/16,797) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Of these, 16.07% (162/1008) had a cycle threshold value ≤28 and were amplified and sequenced. The complete S gene sequence was recovered from 80 of 162 (49.8%) samples. Seven distinct variants were identified: Delta (62.5%), Alpha (1.2%), Beta (1.2%), Eta (30.0%), 20B (2.5%), 19B (1.2%) and 20A (1.2%). Conclusions and perspectives Several SARS-CoV-2 variants were present during the COVID-19 waves in Mali between April and October 2021. The continued emergence of new variants highlights the need to strengthen local real-time sequencing capacity and genomic surveillance for better and coordinated national responses to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadou Koné
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Dramane Diallo
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fousseyni Kané
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Bassirou Diarra
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Tenin Aminatou Coulibaly
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Hawa B. Diarra
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mahamane T. Diakité
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fatoumata Camara
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Oumou Maiga
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Daouda Keita
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Oumar Dolo
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Somboro
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Youssouf Coulibaly
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Sidy Bane
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Antieme C.G. Togo
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Anou M. Somboro
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Josué Togo
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mariam Coulibaly
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Gagni Coulibaly
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mahamadou Kone
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Boureima Degoga
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Hawa Baye Dramé
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fah Gaoussou Traoré
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fatimata Diallo
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fanta Sanogo
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Kadidia Kone
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Ibrahima B. Diallo
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Moumine Sanogo
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mahamadou Diakité
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Nischay Mishra
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron Neal
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katy Saliba-Shaw
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ydrissa Sow
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Hensley
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - H. Clifford Lane
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Briese
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - W. Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seydou Doumbia
- University Clinical Research Center, International Centers for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
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Bioinformatical Design and Performance Evaluation of a Nucleocapsid- and an RBD-Based Particle Enhanced Turbidimetric Immunoassay (PETIA) to Quantify the Wild Type and Variants of Concern-Derived Immunoreactivity of SARS-CoV-2. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010160. [PMID: 36672668 PMCID: PMC9855841 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Since SARS-CoV-2 emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, the resulting pandemic has paralyzed the economic and cultural life of the world. Variants of concern (VOC) strongly increase pressure on public health systems. Rapid, easy-to-use, and cost-effective assays are essential to manage the pandemic. Here we present a bioinformatical approach for the fast and efficient design of two innovative serological Particle Enhanced Turbidimetric Immunoassays (PETIA) to quantify the SARS-CoV-2 immunoresponse. To confirm bioinformatical assumptions, an S-RBD- and a Nucleocapsid-based PETIA were produced. Sensitivity and specificity were compared for 95 patient samples using a BioMajesty™ fully automated analyzer. The S-RBD-based PETIA showed necessary specificity (98%) over the N protein-based PETIA (21%). Further, the reactivity and cross-reactivity of the RBD-based PETIA towards variant-derived antibodies of SARS-CoV-2 were assessed by a quenching inhibition test. The inhibition kinetics of the S-RBD variants Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma, Kappa, and Omicron were evaluated. In summary, we showed that specific and robust PETIA immunoassays can be rapidly designed and developed. The quantification of the SARS-CoV-2-related immunoresponse of variants (Alpha to Kappa) is possible using specific RBD assays. In contrast, Omicron revealed lower cross-reactivity (approx. 50%). To ensure the quantification of the Omicron variant, modified immunoassays appear to be necessary.
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Del Vecchio C, Cracknell Daniels B, Brancaccio G, Brazzale AR, Lavezzo E, Ciavarella C, Onelia F, Franchin E, Manuto L, Bianca F, Cianci V, Cattelan AM, Dorigatti I, Toppo S, Crisanti A. Impact of antigen test target failure and testing strategies on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5870. [PMID: 36198689 PMCID: PMC9533294 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33460-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Population testing remains central to COVID-19 control and surveillance, with countries increasingly using antigen tests rather than molecular tests. Here we describe a SARS-CoV-2 variant that escapes N antigen tests due to multiple disruptive amino-acid substitutions in the N protein. By fitting a multistrain compartmental model to genomic and epidemiological data, we show that widespread antigen testing in the Italian region of Veneto favored the undetected spread of the antigen-escape variant compared to the rest of Italy. We highlight novel limitations of widespread antigen testing in the absence of molecular testing for diagnostic or confirmatory purposes. Notably, we find that genomic surveillance systems which rely on antigen population testing to identify samples for sequencing will bias detection of escape antigen test variants. Together, these findings highlight the importance of retaining molecular testing for surveillance purposes, including in contexts where the use of antigen tests is widespread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Del Vecchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli, 63, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Bethan Cracknell Daniels
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Giuseppina Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli, 63, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Lavezzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli, 63, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Constanze Ciavarella
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Onelia
- Microbiology and Virology Diagnostic Unit, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua, 35128, Italy
| | - Elisa Franchin
- Microbiology and Virology Diagnostic Unit, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua, 35128, Italy
| | - Laura Manuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli, 63, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Federico Bianca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli, 63, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Vito Cianci
- ER Unit, Emergency-Urgency Department, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua, 35128, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cattelan
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua, 35128, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dorigatti
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Stefano Toppo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli, 63, Padua, 35121, Italy. .,CRIBI Biotech Center, University of Padua, V.le G. Colombo, 3, Padua, 35131, Italy.
| | - Andrea Crisanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli, 63, Padua, 35121, Italy. .,Microbiology and Virology Diagnostic Unit, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua, 35128, Italy. .,Department of Life Science, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College Road, SW7 AZ, London, UK.
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18
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Methods to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid mutations on antigen detection by rapid diagnostic tests. Biotechniques 2022; 73:136-141. [PMID: 36004516 PMCID: PMC9407365 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2022-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 may interfere with antigen detection by diagnostic tests. We used several methods to evaluate the effect of various SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid mutations on the performance of the Panbio™ and BinaxNOW™ lateral flow rapid antigen tests and a prototype high-throughput immunoassay that utilizes Panbio antibodies. Variant detection was also evaluated by immunoblot and BIAcore™ assay. A panel of 23 recombinant nucleocapsid antigens (rAgs) were produced that included mutations found in circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, including variants of concern. All mutant rAgs were detected by all assays, at a sensitivity equivalent to wild-type control (Wuhan strain). Thus, using a rAg approach, we found that the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid mutations examined do not directly impact antigen detection or antigen assay performance. Expression, purification and testing of wild-type and mutant recombinant SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigens by the lateral flow SARS-CoV-2 antigen tests BinaxNOW™ and Panbio™, an ARCHITECT® SARS-CoV-2 antigen prototype automated immunoassay, immunoblot and BIAcore™ (surface plasmon resonance) activity assays.
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Brehm J, Spaeth A, Dreßler L, Masetto T, Dannenberg R, Peter C, Grimmler M. SARS-CoV-2 antibody progression and neutralizing potential in mild symptomatic COVID-19 patients – a comparative long term post-infection study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:915338. [PMID: 36059441 PMCID: PMC9428854 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has been keeping the world in suspense. Rapid tests, molecular diagnosis of acute infections, and vaccination campaigns with vaccines are building blocks of strategic pandemic control worldwide. For laboratory diagnostics, the quantification of the antibody titer of convalescents and vaccinated patients is thus increasingly coming to the fore. Methods Here we present an evaluation on the comparability of five serological tests on a cohort of 13 patients with mild COVID-19 disease. Also participants who were vaccinated after recovery were included in this study. All common immune methods (ELISA, CLIA, PETIA) and SARS-CoV-2 specific antigens (N-, S1- and RBD-) were specifically tracked and directly compared for up to 455 days. The titer of recovered participants was also set to the degree of symptoms during infection and the occurrence of Long-COVID. In addition, relative comparability of different serological tests, all standardized to WHO, was set in reference to the neutralizing potential of the corresponding participants. Findings The individual immune responses over 455 days after a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection remain stable, in contrast to vaccinated participants. All sero-tests reveal comparable performance and dynamics during the study and compared well to a surrogate neutralization test. Conclusion The information presented here will help clinicians in the daily laboratory work in the selection and evaluation of different serological tests offered. The data also will support in respect of a sero-test-based neutralization cutoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Brehm
- MVZ Medizinische Labore Dessau Kassel GmbH, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | - Alexander Spaeth
- MVZ Medizinische Labore Dessau Kassel GmbH, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | - Lars Dreßler
- MVZ Medizinische Labore Dessau Kassel GmbH, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | - Thomas Masetto
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- DiaSys Diagnostic Systems GmbH, Holzheim, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Peter
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Grimmler
- DiaSys Diagnostic Systems GmbH, Holzheim, Germany
- Hochschule Fresenius gGmbH, University of Applied Sciences, Idstein, Germany
- *Correspondence: Matthias Grimmler,
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Performance Evaluation of a Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) during Omicron Pandemic Wave in Greece, Conducted by Different Personnel, and Comparison with Performance in Previous Wave (Alpha Variant) Period. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051048. [PMID: 35626204 PMCID: PMC9139779 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the prevailing ambiguity regarding the performance of rapid antigen tests (RATs) for B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant diagnosis, a commercial RAT was evaluated in the emergency ward of a general hospital in Larissa, Central Greece. The sampling and the evaluation were repeated twice by different personnel. Discordance between the two samplings was observed regarding the sensitivity (47.5%, 95% CI: 39.0–56.1 vs. 78.6%, 95% CI: 69.1–86.2) and specificity (93.8%, 95% CI: 86.0–97.9 vs. 100.0%, 95% CI: 93.3–100.0) of the RAT. Furthermore, the test displayed slightly lower sensitivity (78.6% vs. 85.5%, 95% CI: 79.1–90.5) compared to its initial evaluation that was conducted by our team when the B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant was dominant.
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