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Hassan YR, El-Shiekh RA, El Hefnawy HM, Michael CG. Irvingia gabonensis baill. (African Mango): A comprehensive review of its ethnopharmacological significance, unveiling its long-standing history and therapeutic potential. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117942. [PMID: 38395180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill. (IG) is a multipurpose tree native to tropical Africa such as Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Gabon, and Cameroon with high ethnomedicinal values. AIM OF THE STUDY This review emphasizes the ethnopharmacological significance, phytochemical, and functional properties of African mango, focusing on its potential for human health and industrial applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature published on IG was traced by different databases, including the Egyptian Knowledge Bank database (EKB), ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholars, Research Gate, Web of Science, Elsevier, and Scopus. Numerous keywords were used to achieve an inclusive search in the databases, like 'African Mango', 'Bush Mango', 'Irvingia gabonensis', 'Wild Mango', 'Dika Nut', 'Phytochemistry', 'Traditional uses', 'Functional foods', 'Polyphenols', 'Ogbono', 'Ellagic acid and its derivatives', and 'Pharmacological activities'. RESULTS Different parts of IG have been employed in traditional medicine and recorded a great success. The ripe fruit pulp was consumed fresh or processed into juice and wine documented for anti-diarrheal, anti-diabetic, anti-ulcer, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The kernels, which are widely traded and incorporated into traditional dishes, remain an integral part of culinary traditions. Seeds have folkloric uses for weight loss and are popular as blood thinners and anti-diabetics. Where the bark is reported for dysentery, colic, scabies, toothache, and various skin conditions. In Senegal, the stem bark is employed for gonorrhea, hepatic disorders, and gastrointestinal ailments. The leaves possess the potential to enhance renal and hepatic functions, safeguarding these vital organs against the detrimental effects of toxic substances. Pulp is rich in vitamin C, carbohydrates, and proteins. Oil is the major constituent of the seed, which is mainly composed of myristic and lauric acids. The defatted extracts are characterized by flavonoid glycosides and ellagic acid derivatives. Despite their widespread use, IG extracts are still inadequately characterized phytochemically and merit further investigation within the realm of scientific research. Encouragingly, toxicity studies have demonstrated the relative safety of IG extract at the administered doses. CONCLUSION The review extends our knowledge of the health benefits of IG, where these effects could be attributed to the phytochemicals present.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Leandro LF, Moraes TS, Damasceno JL, Veneziani RCS, Ambrosio SR, Bastos JK, Santiago MB, Pedroso RS, Martins CHG. Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence potential of the main diterpenes from Copaifera spp. oleoresins against multidrug-resistant bacteria. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03077-9. [PMID: 38619589 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm and antivirulence potential of the main diterpenes from Copaifera spp. oleoresins against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Antimicrobial assays included determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Biofilm (MICB50), as well as synergistic and antivirulence assays for eight diterpenes against MDR. The tests revealed that two diterpenes (named 1 and 5) showed the best results, with MIC and MBC between 12.5 and 50 μg/mL against most MDR bacteria. These diterpenes exhibited promising MICB50 in concentration between 3.12-25 μg/mL but showed no synergistic antimicrobial activity. In the assessment of antivirulence activity, diterpenes 1 and 5 inhibited only one of the virulence factors evaluated (Dnase) produced by some strains of S. aureus at subinhibitory concentration (6.25 μg/mL). Results obtained indicated that diterpenes isolated from Copaifera oleoresin plays an important part in the search of new antibacterial and antibiofilm agents that can act against MDR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Leandro
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Testing, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia - UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil
| | - T S Moraes
- Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J L Damasceno
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Testing, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia - UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil
| | - R C S Veneziani
- Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S R Ambrosio
- Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J K Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M B Santiago
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Testing, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia - UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil
| | - R S Pedroso
- Technical School of Health, Federal University of Uberlândia - UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - C H G Martins
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Testing, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia - UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil.
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de Jesus GS, Silva Trentin D, Barros TF, Ferreira AMT, de Barros BC, de Oliveira Figueiredo P, Garcez FR, Dos Santos ÉL, Micheletti AC, Yoshida NC. Medicinal plant Miconia albicans synergizes with ampicillin and ciprofloxacin against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:374. [PMID: 37872494 PMCID: PMC10594757 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the rising occurrence of antibiotic resistance due to the existence and ongoing development of resistant bacteria and phenotypes, the identification of new treatments and sources of antimicrobial agents is of utmost urgency. An important strategy for tackling bacterial resistance involves the utilization of drug combinations, and natural products derived from plants hold significant potential as a rich source of bioactive compounds that can act as effective adjuvants. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the antibacterial potential and the chemical composition of Miconia albicans, a Brazilian medicinal plant used to treat various diseases. METHODS Ethanolic extracts from leaves and stems of M. albicans were obtained and subsequently partitioned to give the corresponding hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and hydromethanolic phases. All extracts and phases had their chemical constitution investigated by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and GC-MS and were assessed for their antibiofilm and antimicrobial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, their individual effects and synergistic potential in combination with antibiotics were examined against clinical strains of both S. aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. In addition, 10 isolated compounds were obtained from the leaves phases and used for confirmation of the chemical profiles and for antibacterial assays. RESULTS Based on the chemical profile analysis, 32 compounds were successfully or tentatively identified, including gallic and ellagic acid derivatives, flavonol glycosides, triterpenes and pheophorbides. Extracts and phases obtained from the medicinal plant M. albicans demonstrated synergistic effects when combined with the commercial antibiotics ampicillin and ciprofloxacin, against multi-drug resistant bacteria S. aureus and A. baumannii, restoring their antibacterial efficacy. Extracts and phases also exhibited antibiofilm property against S. aureus. Three key compounds commonly found in the samples, namely gallic acid, quercitrin, and corosolic acid, did not exhibit significant antibacterial activity when assessed individually or in combination with antibiotics against clinical bacterial strains. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that M. albicans exhibits remarkable adjuvant potential for enhancing the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs against resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genilson Silva de Jesus
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Danielle Silva Trentin
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia & Modelos Experimentais Alternativos (BACMEA), Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thayná Fernandes Barros
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia & Modelos Experimentais Alternativos (BACMEA), Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Castro de Barros
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Oliveira Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues Garcez
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Érica Luiz Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Ana Camila Micheletti
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Nidia Cristiane Yoshida
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.
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Baglyas M, Ott PG, Schwarczinger I, Nagy JK, Darcsi A, Bakonyi J, Móricz ÁM. Antimicrobial Diterpenes from Rough Goldenrod ( Solidago rugosa Mill.). Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093790. [PMID: 37175200 PMCID: PMC10180332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Solidago rugosa is one of the goldenrod species native to North America but has sporadically naturalized as an alien plant in Europe. The investigation of the root and leaf ethanol extracts of the plant using a bioassay-guided process with an anti-Bacillus assay resulted in the isolation of two antimicrobial components. Structure elucidation was performed based on high-resolution tandem mass spectrometric and one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic analyses that revealed (-)-hardwickiic acid (Compound 1) and (-)-abietic acid (Compound 2). The isolates were evaluated for their antimicrobial properties against several plant pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. Both compounds demonstrated an antibacterial effect, especially against Gram-positive bacterial strains (Bacillus spizizenii, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, and Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens) with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) between 1 and 5.1 µg/mL (5-20 times higher than that of the positive control gentamicin). In the used concentrations, minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was reached only against the non-pathogen B. spizizenii. Besides their activity against Fusarium avenaceum, the highest antifungal activity was observed for Compound 1 against Bipolaris sorokiniana with an IC50 of 3.8 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Baglyas
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Herman O. Str. 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes E. Str. 7-9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter G Ott
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Herman O. Str. 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Schwarczinger
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Herman O. Str. 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Kolozsváriné Nagy
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Herman O. Str. 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Darcsi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Department, National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Szabolcs Str. 33, 1135 Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Bakonyi
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Herman O. Str. 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes M Móricz
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Herman O. Str. 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
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Ewere EG, Okolie NP, Ndem JI, Eze GI, Oyebadejo SA. Irvingia gabonensis leaf extract scavenges nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide in vitro and modulates arsenic-induced hepatic oxidative stress in wistar rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-022-00346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Arsenic is a carcinogenic heavy metal that contaminates the environment, predisposing the exposed populace to its detrimental health effects. This study investigated the liver protective effect of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis (ELEIG) in sodium arsenite (SA)-exposed Wistar rats and its nitric oxide (NO.) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-scavenging properties in vitro.
Methods
Eleven experimental groups made up of five (5) rats each (weight range 100 - 161 g) were used in this study. Group 1 (normal control) had normal rat chow and water. Group 2 received 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) of SA. Groups 3–8 received SA and graded doses of ELEIG and groups 9-11 had varied doses of ELEIG. Treatment, which spanned 14 days, was by oral gavage. Concentrations of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as activities of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, and GGT) and concentrations of total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin (DBIL) were determined using standard procedures. Standard methods were also used to determine the in vitro NO. and H2O2-scavenging properties of the extract.
Results
Exposure to SA orchestrated significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in CAT, MDA, AST, ALT, ALP and GGT and significant (p ˂ 0.05) decreases in SOD and GPx, relative to control. There were insignificant (p ˃ 0.05) differences in TBIL and DBIL concentrations, compared with control. Simultaneous and post-treatment with ELEIG at graded doses, alleviated the noxious effects of SA. In addition, ELEIG scavenged NO. and H2O2 in concentration-dependent manner.
Conclusion
The results suggest that ELEIG possesses potent antioxidant property and combats SA-induced hepatic oxidative stress/toxicity in Wistar rats.
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Nanostructured Na2CaP2O7: A New and Efficient Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Amino-3-Cyanopyridine Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A facile and novel synthesis of thirteen 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine derivatives 5(a–m) by a one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs) is described for the first time, starting from aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, methyl ketones, or cyclohexanone and ammonium acetate in the presence of the nanostructured diphosphate Na2CaP2O7 (DIPH) at 80 °C under solvent-free conditions. These compounds were brought into existence in a short period with good to outstanding yields (84–94%). The diphosphate Na2CaP2O7 was synthesized and characterized by different techniques (FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TEM) and used as an efficient, environmentally friendly, easy-to-handle, harmless, secure, and reusable catalyst. Our study was strengthened by combining five new pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives 6(b, c, g, h, j) by intermolecular cyclization of 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines 5(b, c, g, h, j) with formamide. The synthesized products were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR and by comparing measured melting points with known values reported in the literature. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to characterize the newly synthesized products and evaluate their purity. The operating conditions were optimized using a model reaction in which the catalyst amount, temperature, time, and solvent effect were evaluated. Antibacterial activity was tested against approved Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains for previously mentioned compounds.
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Triterpenoid-PEG Ribbons Targeting Selectivity in Pharmacological Effects. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080951. [PMID: 34440155 PMCID: PMC8391127 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To compare the effect of selected triterpenoids with their structurally resembling derivatives, designing of the molecular ribbons was targeted to develop compounds with selectivity in their pharmacological effects. (2) Methods: In the synthetic procedures, Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition was applied as a key synthetic step for introducing a 1,2,3-triazole ring as a part of a junction unit in the molecular ribbons. (3) Results: The antimicrobial activity, antiviral activity, and cytotoxicity of the prepared compounds were studied. Most of the molecular ribbons showed antimicrobial activity, especially on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis, with a 50–90% inhibition effect (c = 25 µg·mL−1). No target compound was effective against HSV-1, but 8a displayed activity against HIV-1 (EC50 = 50.6 ± 7.8 µM). Cytotoxicity was tested on several cancer cell lines, and 6d showed cytotoxicity in the malignant melanoma cancer cell line (G-361; IC50 = 20.0 ± 0.6 µM). Physicochemical characteristics of the prepared compounds were investigated, namely a formation of supramolecular gels and a self-assembly potential in general, with positive results achieved with several target compounds. (4) Conclusions: Several compounds of a series of triterpenoid molecular ribbons showed better pharmacological profiles than the parent compounds and displayed certain selectivity in their effects.
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An Efflux Pumps Inhibitor Significantly Improved the Antibacterial Activity of Botanicals from Plectranthus glandulosus towards MDR Phenotypes. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:5597524. [PMID: 34054358 PMCID: PMC8131149 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5597524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial multidrug resistance causes many therapeutic failures, making it more difficult to fight against bacterial diseases. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of extract, fractions, and phytochemicals from Plectranthus glandulosus (Lamiaceae) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative phenotypes expressing efflux pumps. The crude extract after extraction was subjected to column chromatography, and the structures of the isolated compounds were determined using spectrometric and spectroscopic techniques. Antibacterial assays of samples alone and in the presence of an efflux pump inhibitor (phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide, PAβN) were carried out using the broth microdilution method. The phytochemical study of P. glandulosus plant extract afforded seven major fractions (A-G) which lead to the isolation of seventeen known compounds. The ethanol extract of P. glandulosus was not active at up to 1024 μg/mL, whereas its fractions showed MICs varying from 32 to 512 μg/mL on the studied bacteria. Fraction C of P. glandulosus showed the lowest MIC (32 μg/mL) on E. coli ATCC8739 strain. Fraction D presented the highest activity spectrum by inhibiting the growth of 90% (9/10) of the studied bacteria. The presence of PAβN has improved the activity of extract and all fractions. Overall, the tested phytochemicals showed low activity against the studied bacteria. The overall results obtained in this study show that some fractions from P. glandulosus, mainly fractions C and D, should be investigated more for their possible use to fight against MDR bacteria.
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Moh LG, Etienne PT, Jules-Roger K. Seasonal Diversity of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Artisanal Yoghurt and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2021; 2021:6674644. [PMID: 33628770 PMCID: PMC7895560 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6674644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The microbiological quality of artisanal yoghurt marketed in some regions of Cameroon was evaluated during the dry and rainy seasons alongside three commercial brands and the susceptibility of isolates to some conventional antibiotics. A total of ninety-six (96) samples were collected, and the microbiological quality was based on the total count of lactic acid bacteria (lactobacilli and cocci) as well as the identification of species present using identification kits. The susceptibility of isolates was determined using the microdilution method. The lactobacillus counts of locally made yoghurts during both seasons were lower than those of the commercial samples. However, there was a general reduction of viable count of lactobacilli within the samples during the rainy season when compared to the dry season while a general increase in the total coccus count was observed during the rainy season except samples from Bamenda which instead decreased. Five (5) Lactobacillus species belonging to one genera were identified from 29 lactobacillus isolates. Lactobacillus bulgaricus was the highest (64.28%), present in 71.42%, 50.00%, 33.33%, and 33.33% (dry season) compared to 85.71%, 100%, 33.33%, and 25.00% (rainy season) from Bamenda, Dschang, Bafoussam, and commercial, respectively. More so, 14 cocci, 3 coccobacilli, and 1 rod species belonging to 5, 3, and 1 genera were identified, from 74 cocci, 12 coccobacilli, and 3 rod isolates, respectively, with Streptococcus thermophilus being the highest (35.55%). However, 93.33% of the lactobacillus isolates were very sensitive to the antibiotics used, while only 20% of cocci were sensitive. This result suggests that the paucity of the appropriate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and presence of pathogenic LAB caused by the absence of quality control and ignorance might hinder its health benefits and protection offered to consumers with a resultant exposure to high risk of food borne infection and intoxication coupled to the resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamye Glory Moh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Pamo Tedonkeng Etienne
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Kuiate Jules-Roger
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
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Ewere EG, Okolie NP, Avan ED, Umoh PE. Comparative effects of ethanol leaf and stem bark extracts of Irvingia gabonensis (BUSH MANGO) on sodium arsenite-induced lipid profile perturbtions in wistar rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-00241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundExposure to arsenic orchestrates a myriad of noxious health effects, including cancer. Different parts ofIrvingia gabonensisare used as herbal remedies in traditional medicine. In this study, the comparative effects of the ethanol leaf (ELEIG) and stem bark extracts (ESEIG) ofIrvingia gabonensison sodium arsenite (SA)-induced lipid profile disturbances in Wistar rats were investigated.MethodsFifty five Wistar rats weighing between 100 g and 179 g were distributed into eleven groups (n=5). Group 1 (control) received feed and water ad libitum. Group 2 received SA at a dose of 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) for 14 days. Groups 3–11 were treated with the extracts with or without SA. Treatment was done by oral intubation for 14 days. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), total lipids (TL) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were used to determine the lipid profile effects of the extracts.ResultsExposure to SA caused significant (p˂ 0.05) increases in all assayed parameters, relative to control. Post-treatment and simultaneous treatment with ELEIG and ESEIG mitigated the effects of SA. In addition, ELEIG alone at various doses produced results comparable with control values. However, ESEIG alone caused significant (p˂ 0.05) increases in all assayed parameters, relative to control.ConclusionThese results show that ELEIG and ESEIG ameliorate SA-induced lipid profile disturbances in Wistar rats. However, long-term administration of ESEIG alone may be discouraged.
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Ngangoue MO, Ngameni B, Ambassa P, Chi GF, Wamba BEN, Ombito JO, Bojase GM, Fotso GW, Kuete V, Ngadjui BT. A phenanthridin-6( 5H)-one derivative and a lanostane-type triterpene with antibacterial properties from Anonidium mannii (Oliv). Engl. & Diels (Annonaceae). Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:4041-4050. [PMID: 32400185 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1758094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The chemical investigation of Anonidium mannii root extract by column chromatography techniques led to the isolation of eight compounds among which two previously unreported compounds; a lanostane-type triterpene, lanosta-7,9(11),23-triene-3β,15α-diol 1 and an alkaloid, 9-hydroxy-8-methoxyphenanthridin-6(5H)-one 2 along with six known compounds: lanosta-7,9(11),24-triene-3β,21-diol 3, oxoanolobine 4, 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 5, stigmasterol 6, β-sitosterol 7 and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-stigmasterol 8. Their structures were established from spectral data, mainly HR-ESIMS, 1 D and 2 D NMR and by comparison with literature data. The crude root and stem bark extracts (AMR and AMB) and the isolated compounds (1-8) were tested against nine Gram-negative bacteria using rapid p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride ≥97% (INT) microdilution technique. It was found that AMR, AMB and compound 5 were active against the nine tested bacteria with MIC values ranging from 64 to 1024 µg/mL. Compounds 1-4 had selective antibacterial activities whilst 6-8 were not active.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bathelemy Ngameni
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Pantaleon Ambassa
- Faculty of Science, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Godloves Fru Chi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Ghislain Wabo Fotso
- Faculty of Science, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Sonfack G, Fossi Tchinda C, Simo IK, Bitchagno GTM, Nganou BK, Çelik İ, Tene M, Funda Görkem S, Opatz T, Penlap Beng V, Kuete V, Tane P. Saponin with antibacterial activity from the roots of Albizia adianthifolia. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2831-2839. [PMID: 31583912 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1672689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented saponin is being reported herein together with five known compounds from the methanol extract of the roots of Albizia adianthifolia. The metabolites were obtained over repeated open column chromatography methods and spectroscopic followed by spectrometric techniques. The isolated compounds were tested against eleven Gram-negative bacteria including multidrug resistant strains. The results revealed considerable inhibition of the new saponin against the studied bacteria with MIC values ranging from 16 to 128 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaiëlle Sonfack
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Cedric Fossi Tchinda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Ingrid Konga Simo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Gabin Thierry M Bitchagno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Blaise Kemajou Nganou
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - İlhami Çelik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Mathieu Tene
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Sultan Funda Görkem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Veronique Penlap Beng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Tane
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Amiri S, Dastghaib S, Ahmadi M, Mehrbod P, Khadem F, Behrouj H, Aghanoori MR, Machaj F, Ghamsari M, Rosik J, Hudecki A, Afkhami A, Hashemi M, Los MJ, Mokarram P, Madrakian T, Ghavami S. Betulin and its derivatives as novel compounds with different pharmacological effects. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 38:107409. [PMID: 31220568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Betulin (B) and Betulinic acid (BA) are natural pentacyclic lupane-structure triterpenoids which possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. Recent evidence indicates that B and BA have several properties useful for the treatment of metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological disorders. In the current review, we discuss B and BA structures and derivatives and then comprehensively explain their pharmacological effects in relation to various diseases. We also explain antiviral, antibacterial and anti-cancer effects of B and BA. Finally, we discuss the delivery methods, in which these compounds most effectively target different systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Amiri
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady College of Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of IRAN, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Khadem
- Department of Immunology, Rady College of Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Hamid Behrouj
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohamad-Reza Aghanoori
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-344 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mahdi Ghamsari
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-344 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Hudecki
- Institue of Non-Ferrous Metals, ul. Sowińskiego 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Abbas Afkhami
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Marek J Los
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, ul Bolesława Krzywoustego 8, Gliwice, Poland; Linkocare Life Sciences AB, Teknikringen 10, Plan 3, 583 30 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady College of Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activities of fractions and compounds from Albizia adianthifolia against MDR Gram-negative enteric bacteria. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:120. [PMID: 31170979 PMCID: PMC6554897 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Albizia adianthifolia (Schum.) is medicinally used in Cameroon to manage bronchitis and skin diseases. Our previous study documented the antibacterial potential of its roots’ methanol extract. In this study, methanol roots extract was subjected to chromatography techniques and fractions (AARa and AARb), sub-fractions (AARa1–4, AARb1–2 and AARb11–14) together with isolated phytochemicals were assessed for their antimicrobial as well as their antibiotic-potentiating effects towards Gram-negative multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Methods The antibacterial activities of the samples (determination of Minimal Inhibitory « MIC » and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration « MBC ») were determined by the modified rapid p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT) colorimetric assay, as well as those of antibiotics in association with the compounds. Column chromatography was applied to isolate phytochemicals from roots extract and their chemical structures were determined using spectroscopic techniques. Results The phytochemicals isolated were stearic acid (1), a mixture (1:1) of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol (2 + 3), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), palmatin (5), homomangiferin (6) and mangiferin (7). Fraction AARa exhibited selective inhibitory effects whilst all tested bacteria were inhibited by AARb in MIC ranges of 8 to 1024 μg/mL. Sub-fractions AARb1–2 had MIC values between 8 μg/mL and 1024 μg/mL on all tested bacteria. Phytochemicals 4, 2 + 3 and 7 inhibited the growth of 54.54% (6/11), 45.45% (5/11) and 27.27% (3/11) tested bacterial strains, respectively. When tested with an efflux pumps inhibitor (Phenylalanine-Arginine-β-Naphthylamide or PAβN), the inhibitory effects of compounds 2 + 3 and 4 increased towards all the tested bacteria. In association with erythromycin (ERY), streptomycin (STR) and tetracycline (TET), compounds 2 + 3 and 4 had the most significant synergistic activity on the seven selected bacteria. Conclusion The present study provides information on the possible use of Albizia adianthifolia and its constituents in the control of Gram-negative infections including MDR phenotypes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2537-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Antistaphylococcal and Antibiotic Resistance Modulatory Activities of Thirteen Cameroonian Edible Plants against Resistant Phenotypes. Int J Microbiol 2018; 2018:1920198. [PMID: 30057614 PMCID: PMC6051259 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1920198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, 18 methanol extracts from Cameroonian edible plants were tested for their antibacterial activities against 26 strains of S. aureus; the role of efflux pumps in the resistance of tested bacteria and the antibiotic resistance-modulating activities against selected multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes were also investigated. Methods Broth microdilution assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity, the role of efflux pumps, and the antibiotic resistance-modulating effects of plant extracts. Results Extracts from Dacryodes edulis seeds (DES) and Dacryodes edulis bark (DEB) were active against all 26 tested bacterial strains, within the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 256–1024 µg/mL. MIC values varied from 64 to 1024 µg/mL against 96.2% of the 26 tested bacteria for Phaseolus vulgaris leaves (PVL), 92.3% for Azadirachta indica bark (AIB), Dacryodes edulis leaves (DEL), and Ricinodendron heudelotii leaves (RHL). The lowest MIC value of 64 µg/mL was obtained with the extract from Cucurbita maxima beans (CMB) against MRSA4 strain and from Uapaca guineensis bark (UGB) against MRSA9 strain. Bacterial efflux pump inhibitor (EPI), carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), improved the activity of DES and UGB as well as that of extracts from Hibiscus esculentus leaves (HEL) and Uapaca guineensis leaves (UGL) against resistant S. aureus strains. Antibiotic-modulating effects against more than 70% of the S. aureus strains tested were obtained when RHL (at MIC/2) was combined with CIP, ERY, and KAN (88.89%), CHL (88.89%), TET (77.78%), and STR (88.89%). Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the 13 tested plants had antistaphylococcal effects and that DES, HEL, UGL, and UGB could be used in combination with EPI to combat resistance to Staphylococcus aureus. Also, it demonstrated that some studied extracts and mostly RHL could be used as antibiotic resistance modulators to fight against resistant strains of S. aureus.
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16
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Fotso W. G, Na-Iya J, Mbaveng T. A, Ango Yves P, Demirtas I, Kuete V, Samuel Y, Ngameni B, Efferth T, Ngadjui T. B. Polyacanthoside A, a new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin with cytotoxic effects from the leaves of Acacia polyacantha (Fabaceae). Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:3521-3526. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1486312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghislain Fotso W.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I , Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jean Na-Iya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I , Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Armelle Mbaveng T.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang , Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Patrick Ango Yves
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I , Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ibrahim Demirtas
- Department of Chemistry, Cankiri Karatekin University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang , Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Yeboah Samuel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana , Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Bathelemy Ngameni
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science, University of Yaoundé I , Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz , Mainz, Germany
| | - Bonaventure Ngadjui T.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I , Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science, University of Yaoundé I , Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Bading Taika B, Bouckandou M, Souza A, Bourobou Bourobou HP, MacKenzie LS, Lione L. An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and toxicology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:203-228. [PMID: 29305175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The management of diabetes mellitus management in African communities, especially in Gabon, is not well established as more than 60% of population rely on traditional treatments as primary healthcare. The aim of this review was to collect and present the scientific evidence for the use of medicinal plants that are in currect by Gabonese traditional healers to manage diabetes or hyperglycaemia based here on the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of plants with anti-diabetic activity. There are presented in order to promote their therapeutic value, ensure a safer use by population and provide some bases for further study on high potential plants reviewed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical studies were sourced using databases such as Online Wiley library, Pubmed, Google Scholar, PROTA, books and unpublished data including Ph.D. and Master thesis, African and Asian journals. Keywords including 'Diabetes', 'Gabon', 'Toxicity', 'Constituents', 'hyperglycaemia' were used. RESULTS A total of 69 plants currently used in Gabon with potential anti-diabetic activity have been identified in the literature, all of which have been used in in vivo or in vitro studies. Most of the plants have been studied in human or animal models for their ability to reduce blood glucose, stimulate insulin secretion or inhibit carbohydrates enzymes. Active substances have been identified in 12 out of 69 plants outlined in this review, these include Allium cepa and Tabernanthe iboga. Only eight plants have their active substances tested for anti-diabetic activity and are suitables for further investigation. Toxicological data is scarce and is dose-related to the functional parameters of major organs such as kidney and liver. CONCLUSION An in-depth understanding on the pharmacology and toxicology of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is lacking yet there is a great scope for new treatments. With further research, the use of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is important to ensure the safety of the diabetic patients in Gabon.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bading Taika
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Postgraduate Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, UK; IPHAMETRA Institute, Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, CENAREST, Libreville, Gabon.
| | - M Bouckandou
- IPHAMETRA Institute, Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, CENAREST, Libreville, Gabon
| | - A Souza
- Institut National Supérieur d'Agronomie et de Biotechnologies (INSAB), Franceville, Gabon
| | - H P Bourobou Bourobou
- IPHAMETRA Institute, Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, CENAREST, Libreville, Gabon
| | - L S MacKenzie
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Postgraduate Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, UK
| | - L Lione
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Postgraduate Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, UK
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Nguenang GS, Mbaveng AT, Fankam AG, Manekeng HT, Nayim P, Wamba BEN, Kuete V. Tristemma hirtum and Five Other Cameroonian Edible Plants with Weak or No Antibacterial Effects Modulate the Activities of Antibiotics against Gram-Negative Multidrug-Resistant Phenotypes. ScientificWorldJournal 2018; 2018:7651482. [PMID: 29765275 PMCID: PMC5885400 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7651482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to contribute to the fight against infectious diseases, the in vitro antibacterial activity and the antibiotic-potentiating effects of Tristemma hirtum and five other Cameroonian edible plants have been evaluated against Gram-negative multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. The microdilution method was used to evaluate the bacterial susceptibility of the extracts and their combination to common antibiotics. The phytochemical screening of the extracts was carried out according to standard methods. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, steroids, and polyphenols, including flavonoids in most of the tested extracts. The entire tested extracts showed moderate (512 μg/mL ≤ MIC ≤ 2048 μg/mL) to weak (MIC > 2048 μg/mL) antibacterial activities against the tested bacteria. Furthermore, extracts of leaf of Tristemma hirtum and pericarps of Raphia hookeri (at their MIC/2 and MIC/4) strongly potentiated the activities of all antibiotics used in the study, especially those of chloramphenicol (CHL), ciprofloxacin (CIP), kanamycin (KAN), and tetracycline (TET) against 70% (7/10) to 100% (10/10) of the tested MDR bacteria, with the modulating factors ranging from 2 to 128. The results of this study suggest that extracts from leaves of Tristemma hirtum and pericarps of Raphia hookeri can be sources of plant-derived products with antibiotic modifying activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle S. Nguenang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Armelle T. Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Aimé G. Fankam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Hermione T. Manekeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Paul Nayim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Brice E. N. Wamba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Dzotam JK, Simo IK, Bitchagno G, Celik I, Sandjo LP, Tane P, Kuete V. In vitro antibacterial and antibiotic modifying activity of crude extract, fractions and 3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone from Myristica fragrans Houtt against MDR Gram-negative enteric bacteria. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:15. [PMID: 29334931 PMCID: PMC5769358 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Nutmeg is the seed kernel inside the fruit of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (Myristicaceae). It possesses various pharmacological activities but is used in Cameroon only for its flavor in making cakes. The present study thus aimed to investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity and antibiotic modifying activities of crude seed kernel methanol extract (MFS), fractions (MFSa-e) as well as 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone from Myristica fragrans against a panel of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Methods The modified rapid p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT) colorimetric assay was used to determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) on the tested bacteria, as well as those of antibiotics in association with the extract and/or isolated compound. Column chromatography was used for the fractionation and purification of the seed kernel extract whilst the chemical structures of compounds were determined using spectroscopic techniques. Results Phytochemical investigations lead to the isolation of 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone from the fraction MFSb. The crude extract showed antibacterial activity with MICs ranging from 32 to 1024 μg/mL on the majority of the 29 tested Gram-negative bacterial strains. Fraction MFSb inhibited the growth of 100% (29/29) of the tested bacterial strains, as well as the compound 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone (12/12) with a MIC values ranging from 32 to 1024 μg/mL, and 4 to 128 μg/mL respectively. The lowest MIC value (4 μg/mL) was recorded with 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone against Providencia stuartii ATCC299645 as well as the best MBC value (16 μg/mL) against the same strain. In the presence of Phenylalanine-Arginine-β-Naphthylamide (PAßN), an efflux pumps inhibitor, the activity of the extract increased on 73.33% (11/15) meanwhile that of 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone increased on 100% tested bacteria. The compound 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone potentiated the activity of antibiotics in the majority of the tested bacterial strains. Conclusion The results of the present work provide additional information on the use of nutmeg and it major antibacterial component, 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone, as a potential drug in the treatment of bacterial infections including multidrug resistant phenotypes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2084-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Tobouti PL, de Andrade Martins TC, Pereira TJ, Mussi MCM. Antimicrobial activity of copaiba oil: A review and a call for further research. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:93-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kim S, Lee S, Lee H, Ha J, Lee J, Choi Y, Oh H, Hong J, Yoon Y, Choi KH. Evaluation on Antimicrobial Activity of Psoraleae semen Extract Controlling the Growth of Gram-Positive Bacteria. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2017; 37:502-510. [PMID: 28943762 PMCID: PMC5599570 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.4.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated bacterial growth-inhibitory effect of 69 therapeutic herbal plants extracts on 9 bacterial strains using a disc diffusion assay. Especially, the antimicrobial activity of Psoraleae semen, which showed different activity on pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, was evaluated by MIC (minimal inhibition concentration) and biofilm formation assay. The effect of Psoraleae semen extract on bacterial cell membranes was examined by measurement of protein leakage (optical density at 280 nm) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). No clear zone was formed on discs containing Gram-negative bacteria, but Gram-positive bacteria exhibited clear zones. The MICs of Psoraleae semen extract were 8 μg/mL for Streptococcus mutans, and 16 μg/mL for Enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, biofilm formation was inhibited at concentration 8-16 μg/mL. Protein leakage values and SEM images revealed that cell membranes of Gram-positive bacteria were impaired following exposure to the extract. Further, the extract inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes in sausages. These results indicate that Psoraleae semen extract could be utilized as a natural antimicrobial agent against Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejeong Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University.,Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Soomin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University.,Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Heeyoung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University.,Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Jimyeong Ha
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University.,Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University.,Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Yukyung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University.,Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Hyemin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University.,Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Joonbae Hong
- Test & Research Department, Consumer Safety Center, Korea Consumer Agency
| | - Yohan Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University.,Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Kyoung-Hee Choi
- Department of Oral Microbiology, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University.,Institute of Biomaterials-Implant, Wonkwang University
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Antibacterial and Antibiotic-Modifying Activity of Methanol Extracts from Six Cameroonian Food Plants against Multidrug-Resistant Enteric Bacteria. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1583510. [PMID: 28904944 PMCID: PMC5585599 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1583510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present work was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of methanol extracts from six Cameroonian edible plants and their synergistic effects with some commonly used antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria expressing active efflux pumps. The extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening and the microdilution broth method was used for antibacterial assays. The results of phytochemical tests indicate that all tested crude extracts contained polyphenols, flavonoids, triterpenes, and steroids. Extracts displayed selective antibacterial activities with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 32 to 1024 μg/mL. The lowest MIC value (32 μg/mL) was recorded with Coula edulis extract against E. coli AG102 and K. pneumoniae K2 and with Mangifera indica bark extract against P. aeruginosa PA01 and Citrus sinensis extract against E. coli W3110 which also displayed the best MBC (256 μg/mL) value against E. coli ATCC8739. In combination with antibiotics, extracts from M. indica leaves showed synergistic effects with 75% (6/8) of the tested antibiotics against more than 80% of the tested bacteria. The findings of the present work indicate that the tested plants may be used alone or in combination in the treatment of bacterial infections including the multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Voukeng IK, Nganou BK, Sandjo LP, Celik I, Beng VP, Tane P, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of the methanol extract, fractions and compounds from Elaeophorbia drupifera (Thonn.) Stapf. (Euphorbiaceae). BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:28. [PMID: 28061888 PMCID: PMC5219710 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Elaeophorbia drupifera (Thonn.) Stapf. (Euphorbiaceae) is used in Cameroonian folk medicine to treat several ailments including bacterial-related diseases such as skin infections. In this study, the methanol extract from the leaves (EDL), fractions (EDLa-d), sub-fractions EDLc1-7 and EDLc31-35 as well as isolated compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activities against a panel of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Methods The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the above samples; column chromatography was used for the fractionation and purification of the leaves extract whilst the chemical structures of compounds were determined using spectroscopic techniques. Results Phytochemical investigation lead to the isolation of a mixture (1:3) of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol (1 + 2), euphol (3), sitosterol-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (4), 3,3′,4′-tri-O-methylellagic acid (5), a mixture (1:1) of afzelin and quercetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (6 + 7), 3,3′,4′-tri-O-methylellagic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), ellagic acid-4-O-β-xylopyranoside-3,3′,4′-trimethyl ether (9) from EDLc. Crude extract and fractions displayed selective activities with MIC values ranged from 32 to 1024 μg/mL for EDL against 84.9% of the 33 tested bacteria, 93.9% for EDLc, 69.7% for EDLb, 33.4% for EDLa and 0.03% for EDLd. MIC values ranged from 16 to 1024 μg/mL were obtained with EDLc3 and EDLc4 on all tested bacteria meanwhile other sub-fractions displayed selective activities. MIC value of 32 μg/mL was obtained with fractions EDLa against Escherichia coli AG100, EDLc against Enterobacer aerogenes ATCC13048 and EA298. For sub-fractions obtained from EDLc, the lowest MIC value of 16 μg/mL was recorded with EDLc3 against Staphylococcus aureus MRSA11. A corresponding value of 8 μg/mL against Providencia stuartii NAE16 was recorded with EDLc33 obtained from further fractionation of EDLc3. EDLc3 had MIC values below 100 μg/mL against all tested bacteria. Compound 5 as well as the mixture (1:1) of 6 and 7 inhibited the growth of all the tested bacteria with MICs ranged from 64 to 256 μg/mL. Conclusion Elaeophorbia drupifera is a potential source of phytomedicine to tackle MDR bacteria. Sub-fraction EDLc3 was more active than all isolated compounds and deserves further investigations to develop natural drug to combat Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and otherwise MDR phenotypes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1509-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Ochoa-Pacheco A, Escalona Arranz JC, Beaven M, Peres-Roses R, Gámez YM, Camacho-Pozo MI, Maury GL, de Macedo MB, Cos P, Tavares JF, Da Silva MS. Bioassay-guided In vitro Study of the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties of the Leaves from Excoecaria Lucida Sw. Pharmacognosy Res 2017; 9:396-400. [PMID: 29263635 PMCID: PMC5717794 DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_124_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Excoecaria lucida Sw. (Euphorbiaceae) is a plant conventionally used throughout the Caribbean in the treatment of infectious diseases. Objective: To evaluate, using bioassay-guided fractionation, the in vitro cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of E. lucida leaves. Materials and Methods: A 95% ethanol crude extract was dried and fractionated by solid-liquid separation in four phases (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol). Antimicrobial activity (3 bacteria, 6 yeasts, and 2 fungi) was evaluated by the dilution method with resazurin (2048, 512, 128, 32, and 8 μg/mL). The cytotoxicity assays were evaluated in two cell lines: MRC-5 and RAW 264.7; calculating the selectivity index. Assays were performed for the total extract, the isolated compound with the highest yield, and the ethyl acetate and butanol phases. Isolated compounds were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry techniques. Results: Fractionation process led to the isolation of ellagic acid (784.29 mg), 3,3',4'-tri-O-methyl ellagic 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside acid (6.1 mg), and corilagin (6.91 mg). The most active were ethyl acetate phase and ellagic acid with IC50= 128 μg/mL against seven and five different species of microorganisms, respectively. The total extract (IC50=512 μg/mL) and the ethyl acetate phase (IC50=128 μg/mL) were cytotoxic in both cell lines, while butanol phase and ellagic acid both with IC50>2048 μg/mL seemed to be safer. Conclusions: The results obtained indicate that the Excoecaria leaves can be conventionally used as antimicrobial, but it should be present that some cytotoxicity could appear. In addition, the three identified compounds were reported for the first time in the species. SUMMARY Excoecaria lucida leaves (Euphorbiaceae) are used by the Cuban population due to their antimicrobial activity. This ethnopharmacological knowledge is confirmed by the integrated antibacterial and antifungal in vitro screening developed, using the bioassay-guided fractionation method. Abbreviations Used: MRC-5-SV2: Diploid human lung fibroblasts cells, RAW 264.7: Murine macrophages cells, IC50: Inhibitory Concentration 50%, ATCC: American Type Culture Collection, CCEBI: Culture Collection of Industrial Biotechnology Center, CECT: Spanish Culture Collection Type, CFU: Colony forming units, CC50: 50% cytotoxic concentration, CO2: Carbon dioxide, SI: Selectivity index, IR: Infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of hydrogen, 13C NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of carbon, HMQC: Heteronuclear Multiple-Quantum Correlation, HMBC: Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation, COSY: Correlation Spectroscopy, NOESY: Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy, KBr: Potassium bromide, DMSO-D6: Deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide, LC.MS: Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, [α]D: Optical rotation, EL1: ellagic acid, EL2: 3,3’,4’-tri-O-methyl ellagic 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside acid, EL3: corilagin, Active (+), inactive (-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ania Ochoa-Pacheco
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | | | - Munyewu Beaven
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Renato Peres-Roses
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Yordania Matos Gámez
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Miladis I Camacho-Pozo
- Center for Studies on Industrial Biotechnology (CEBI), Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Gabriel Llauradó Maury
- Center for Studies on Industrial Biotechnology (CEBI), Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Maíra Bidart de Macedo
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Josean Fechine Tavares
- Institute of Health Sciences, Post-graduation Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetics, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sobral Da Silva
- Institute of Health Sciences, Post-graduation Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetics, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Besbes Hlila M, Mosbah H, Majouli K, Ben Nejma A, Ben Jannet H, Mastouri M, Aouni M, Selmi B. Antimicrobial Activity ofScabiosa arenariaForssk. Extracts and Pure Compounds Using Bioguided Fractionation. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1262-1272. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malek Besbes Hlila
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biological Active Substances; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Monastir; Avenue Avicenne 5000 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Habib Mosbah
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Integrative Biology and Exploiting; Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir; Taher Hadded Avenue 5000 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Kaouther Majouli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Cell Signaling and Disease; Research Unit; UR 12ES08; Faculty of Medicine of Monastir; Avenue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Aymen Ben Nejma
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity; Team: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products; Faculty of Sciences of Monastir; University of Monastir; Avenue de l’Environnement 5019 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Hichem Ben Jannet
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity; Team: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products; Faculty of Sciences of Monastir; University of Monastir; Avenue de l’Environnement 5019 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biological Active Substances; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Monastir; Avenue Avicenne 5000 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Mahjoub Aouni
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biological Active Substances; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Monastir; Avenue Avicenne 5000 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Boulbaba Selmi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Integrative Biology and Exploiting; Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir; Taher Hadded Avenue 5000 Monastir Tunisia
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Dzotam JK, Touani FK, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of Canarium schweinfurthii and four other Cameroonian dietary plants against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 23:565-70. [PMID: 27579004 PMCID: PMC4992100 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections are among the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of five Cameroonian edible plants namely Colocasia esculenta, Triumfetta pentandra, Hibiscus esculentus, Canarium schweinfurthii and Annona muricata against a panel of 19 multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. The liquid broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted according to the standard phytochemical methods. Results showed that all extracts contained compounds belonging to the classes of polyphenols, triterpenes and steroids, other classes of chemicals being selectively distributed. Canarium schweinfurthii extract showed the best activity with MIC values ranging from 64 to 1024 μg/mL against 89.5% of the 19 tested bacteria strains. MIC values below or equal to 1024 μg/mL were also recorded with Triumfetta pentandra, Annona muricata, Colocasia esculenta and Hibiscus esculentus extracts respectively against 15/19 (78.9%), 11/19 (57.9%), 10/19 (52.6%) and 10/19 (52.6%) tested bacteria. Extract from C. schweinfurthii displayed the lowest MIC value (64 μg/mL) against Escherichia coli AG100ATet. Finally, the results of this work provide baseline information for the use of C. esculenta, T. pentandra, H. esculentus, C. schweinfurthii and A. muricata in the treatment of bacterial infections including multidrug resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon
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Omosa LK, Midiwo JO, Mbaveng AT, Tankeo SB, Seukep JA, Voukeng IK, Dzotam JK, Isemeki J, Derese S, Omolle RA, Efferth T, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities and structure-activity relationships of a panel of 48 compounds from Kenyan plants against multidrug resistant phenotypes. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:901. [PMID: 27386347 PMCID: PMC4923020 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In the current study forty eight compounds belonging to anthraquinones, naphthoquinones, benzoquinones, flavonoids (chalcones and polymethoxylated flavones) and diterpenoids (clerodanes and kauranes) were explored for their antimicrobial potential against a panel of sensitive and multi-drug resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determinations on the tested bacteria were conducted using modified rapid INT colorimetric assay. To evaluate the role of efflux pumps in the susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to the most active compounds, they were tested in the presence of phenylalanine arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN) (at 30 µg/mL) against selected multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. The anthraquinone, emodin, naphthaquinone, plumbagin and the benzoquinone, rapanone were active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains of bacteria with MIC values ranging from 2 to 128 μg/mL. The structure activity relationships of benzoquinones against the MDR Gram-negative phenotype showed antibacterial activities increasing with increase in side chain length. In the chalcone series the presence of a hydroxyl group at C3′ together with a methoxy group and a second hydroxyl group in meta orientation in ring B of the chalcone skeleton appeared to be necessary for minimal activities against MRSA. In most cases, the optimal potential of the active compounds were not attained as they were extruded by bacterial efflux pumps. However, the presence of the PAβN significantly increased the antibacterial activities of emodin against Gram-negative MDR E. coli AG102, 100ATet; K. pneumoniae KP55 and KP63 by >4–64 g/mL. The antibacterial activities were substantially enhanced and were higher than those of the standard drug, chloramphenicol. These data clearly demonstrate that the active compounds, having the necessary pharmacophores for antibacterial activities, including some quinones and chalcones are substrates of bacterial efflux pumps and therefore should be combined to efflux pump inhibitors in the fight against MDR bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidah K Omosa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya ; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jacob O Midiwo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Armelle T Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Simplice B Tankeo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Jackson A Seukep
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Igor K Voukeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Joachim K Dzotam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - John Isemeki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Solomon Derese
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ruth A Omolle
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Mambe FT, Voukeng IK, Beng VP, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of methanol extracts from Alchornea cordifolia and four other Cameroonian plants against MDR phenotypes. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Tchinda CF, Voukeng IK, Beng VP, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of Albizia adianthifolia, Alchornea laxiflora, Laportea ovalifolia and three other Cameroonian plants against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 24:950-955. [PMID: 28490970 PMCID: PMC5415118 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 10 years, resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has been increasing. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of six Cameroonian medicinal plants Albizia adianthifolia, Alchornea laxiflora, Boerhavia diffusa, Combretum hispidum, Laportea ovalifolia and Scoparia dulcis against a panel of 15 multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. The broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted according to the reference qualitative phytochemical methods. Results showed that all extracts contained compounds belonging to the classes of polyphenols and triterpenes, other classes of chemicals being selectively distributed. The best antibacterial activities were recorded with bark and root extracts of A. adianthifolia as well as with L. ovalifolia extract, with MIC values ranging from 64 to 1024 μg/mL on 93.3% of the fifteen tested bacteria. The lowest MIC value of 64 μg/mL was recorded with A. laxiflora bark extract against Enterobacter aerogenes EA289. Finally, the results of this study provide evidence of the antibacterial activity of the tested plants and suggest their possible use in the control of multidrug resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Victor Kuete
- Corresponding author at: P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon. Tel.: +237 77 35 59 27; fax: +237 22 22 60 18.P.O. Box 67 DschangCameroon
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Mbaveng AT, Ignat AG, Ngameni B, Zaharia V, Ngadjui BT, Kuete V. In vitro antibacterial activities of p-toluenesulfonyl-hydrazinothiazoles and hydrazinoselenazoles against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative phenotypes. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 17:3. [PMID: 26782344 PMCID: PMC4717659 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-016-0046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR) constitutes a major hurdle in the treatment of infectious diseases worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of synthetic p-toluenesulfonyl-hydrazinothiazoles against multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. METHODS The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). RESULTS The results demonstrated that the best activities were obtained with hydrazinoselenazoles. p-Chloro-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide, 4-methyl-2-[(4-chloro-benzyliden)-hydrazinyl]-1,3-selenazole, p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide and 4-chloromethyl-2-[(4-chlorobenziliden)-N-acetyl-hydrazinyl]-1,3-selenazole were more active than the choramphenicol on Klebsiella pneumoniae KP63. Tested alone, the lowest MIC value of 16 mg/L was obtained with p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, K. pneumoniae ATCC112296 and KP55. Tested in the presence of an efflux pump inhibitor, phenylalanine arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN), the activity of p-chloro-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide, 4-methyl-2-[(4-chloro-benzyliden)-hydrazinyl]-1,3-selenazole, p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide and p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide significantly increased with MIC values below 10 mg/L obtained respectively on 43.8 %, 31.3 %, 62.5 % and 100 % of the 16 tested bacterial strains. The lowest MIC value of 0.5 mg/L in the presence of PAβN was recorded with p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide against Escherichia coli ATCC8739 and KP55 as well as p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide against E. aerogenes KP55. p-Chloro-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide and p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide contained the same pharmacophore as p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide. CONCLUSION This study indicates that p-chloro-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide, p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide and p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide could be explored more to develop novel antimicrobial drugs to fight MDR bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle T Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Adriana Grozav Ignat
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Bathélémy Ngameni
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Valentin Zaharia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Bonaventure T Ngadjui
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
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Dzotam JK, Touani FK, Kuete V. Antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activities of three food plants (Xanthosoma mafaffa Lam., Moringa oleifera (L.) Schott and Passiflora edulis Sims) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:9. [PMID: 26753836 PMCID: PMC4709887 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-0990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the methanol extract of three edible plants, namely Xanthosoma mafaffa, Moringa oleifera and Passiflora edulis and their synergistic effects with some commonly used antibiotics against MDR Gram-negative bacteria expressing active efflux pumps. Methods Broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the extracts, as well as those of antibiotics in association with the extracts. Results The phytochemical test indicate that all tested crude extracts contained polyphenols, triterpenes and steroids whilst other phytochemical classes were selectively distributed. Extracts showed antibacterial activities with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 128-1024 μg/mL on the majority of the 19 tested Gram-negative bacterial strains. Extract from the pericarp of P. edulis inhibited the growth of 89.5 % of the 19 tested bacterial strains, the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 128 μg/mL being recorded against Escherichia coli AG100 strain. In the presence of Phenylalanine-Arginine β-Naphtylamide (PAβN)], an efflux pump inhibitor (EPI), the activity of the extract from X. mafaffa increased on 40 % of tested strains. In combination with antibiotics, extracts of X. mafaffa, M. oleifera and pericarp of P. edulis showed synergistic effects with some antibiotics against more than 75 % of the tested bacteria. Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that the tested plants may be used in the treatment of bacterial infections including the multi-resistant bacteria.
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Djeussi DE, Sandjo LP, Noumedem JAK, Omosa LK, T. Ngadjui B, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts and compounds from Erythrina sigmoidea against Gram-negative multi-drug resistant phenotypes. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:453. [PMID: 26715029 PMCID: PMC4696315 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0978-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background In the present study, the methanol extracts from the leaves, as well as compounds namely sigmoidin I (1), atalantoflavone (2), bidwillon A (3), neocyclomorusin (4), 6α-hydroxyphaseollidin (5) and neobavaisoflavone (6) (from the bark extract) were tested for their activities against a panel of Gram-negative bacteria including multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Methods Broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the extracts as well as compounds 1–6. Results The MIC results indicated that the crude extracts from the leaves and bark of this plant were able to inhibit the growth of 96.3 % of the 27 tested bacteria. Compounds 2–6 displayed selective activities, their inhibitory effects being obtained on 8.3 %, 41.7 %, 58.3 %, 58.3 % and 66.7 % of tested bacteria respectively for 2, 3, 5, 6 and 4. The lowest MIC value of 8 μg/mL was obtained with 6 against Escherichia coli ATCC8739, Enterobacter cloacae ECCI69, Klebsiella pneumoniae KP55, Providencia stuartii NAE16 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that Erythrina sigmoidea is a potential source of antibacterial drugs to fight against MDR bacteria. Neobavaisoflavone (6) is the main antibacterial consituents of the bark crude extract.
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Mbaveng AT, Sandjo LP, Tankeo SB, Ndifor AR, Pantaleon A, Nagdjui BT, Kuete V. Antibacterial activity of nineteen selected natural products against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative phenotypes. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:823. [PMID: 26753111 PMCID: PMC4695461 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to assess the antimicrobial activity of 19 natural products belonging to terpenoids, alkaloids, thiophenes and phenolics against a panel of 14 Gram-negative multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. The results demonstrated that amongst the studied compounds, alkaloids and terpenoids were less active contrary to flavonoids: neocyclomorusin (3) and candidone (6) and isoflavonoids: neobavaisoflavone (8) and daidzein (12). Thiophene, 2-(penta-1,3-diynyl)-5-(3,4-dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)thiophene (17) showed moderate and selective activities. Compounds 3, 6, 8 and 12 displayed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 4 to 256 μg/mL on all the 14 tested bacteria. MIC values below 10 μg/mL were obtained with 8, 3, 6 and 12 against 50, 42.9, 35.7 and 21.4 % of the tested bacteria. The lowest MIC value of 4 μg/mL was obtained with compound 3 against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC11296, Enterobacter cloacae BM47, compound 6 against Escherichia coli ATCC8739, K. pneumoniae ATCC11296, E. cloacae BM47 and compound 8 against K. pneumoniae ATCC11296 and E. cloacae BM47. The activity of flavonoid 3 was better or equal to that of chloramphenicol in all tested K. pneumoniae,Providencia stuartii, E. aerogenes, E. cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Within isoflavonoids, neobavaisoflavone scaffold was detected as a pharmacophoric moiety. This study indicates that natural products such as 3, 6 and 8 could be explored more to develop antimicrobial drugs to fight MDR bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle T Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Louis P Sandjo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CSS, Universitade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Simplice B Tankeo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ache R Ndifor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ambassa Pantaleon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Bonaventure T Nagdjui
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon ; P.O. Box 1499, Bafoussam, Cameroon
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In vitro antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiation activities of the methanol extracts from Beilschmiedia acuta, Clausena anisata, Newbouldia laevis and Polyscias fulva against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:412. [PMID: 26590804 PMCID: PMC4655084 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts from different parts of Beilschmedia acuta Kosterm (Lauraceae), Clausena anisata (Willd) Hook (Rutaceae), Newbouldia laevis Seem (Bignoniaceae) and Polyscias fulva (Hiern) Harms (Araliaceae) as well as their synergistic effects with antibiotics against a panel of Gram-negative bacteria, including multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes expressing active efflux pumps. Methods Broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the extracts, as well as those of antibiotics in association with the most active ones, B. acuta, N. laevis and P. fulva. Results MIC values obtained indicate that extracts from the bark of B. acuta were active on all the 26 tested Gram-negative bacteria, with MICs ranging from values below 8 to 256 μg/mL. Other samples displayed selective activities, their inhibitory effects being observed on 9 (34.62 %) of the 26 bacterial strains for N. laevis leaves extract, 6 (23.10 %) for both C. anisata leaves and roots extracts, 7 (26.9 %) and 4 (15.4 %) for leaves and roots extracts of P. fulva respectively. Extract from B. actua bark displayed the best antibacterial activity with MIC values below 100 μg/mL against 16 (61.5 %) of the 26 tested microorganisms. The lowest MIC values (below 8 μg/mL) were obtained with this extract against Escherichia coli W3110 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC11296. The MIC values of this extract were lower than those of ciprofloxacin against E. coli W3110, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, CM64 and Providencia stuartii NAE16. At MIC/2, the best percentages of synergistic effects (100 %), were obtained with B. acuta bark extract and tetracycline (TET) as well as with P. fulva leaves extract and TET and kanamycin (KAN). Conclusion The overall results of the present study provide information for the possible use of the studied plants and mostly Beilschmedia acuta in the control of bacterial infections including MDR phenotypes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0944-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Seukep JA, Ngadjui B, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of Fagara macrophylla, Canarium schweinfurthii, Myrianthus arboreus, Dischistocalyx grandifolius and Tragia benthamii against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:567. [PMID: 26543702 PMCID: PMC4627964 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by multidrug resistant phenotypes constitute a worldwide health concern. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of five medicinal plants: Fagara macrophylla, Canarium schweinfurthii, Myrianthus arboreus, Dischistocalyx grandifolius and Tragia benthamii against a panel of 28 multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. The liquid broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts. The best activity was recorded with Canarium schweinfurthii bark extract, MIC values ranging from 32 to 1024 µg/mL being recorded against 85.7 % tested bacteria. Broad spectra of antibacterial activities were also obtained with both bark and leaf extracts from Myrianthus arboreus (78.6 %) as well as the bark extract from Fagara macrophylla (75.0 %). The lowest MIC value of 32 µg/mL was obtained with Canarium schweinfurthii bark extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae KP63 strain. The results of this work provide baseline information for the use of the studied plants, and mostly Fagara macrophylla, Canarium schweinfurthii and Myrianthus arboreus in the treatment of bacterial infections including multidrug resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson A Seukep
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Bonaventure Ngadjui
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Bisio A, Schito AM, Ebrahimi SN, Hamburger M, Mele G, Piatti G, Romussi G, Dal Piaz F, De Tommasi N. Antibacterial compounds from Salvia adenophora Fernald (Lamiaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 110:120-32. [PMID: 25435172 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
From the aerial parts of Salvia adenophora Fernald four derivatives of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (1-4) together with five clerodane diterpenoids (5, 6, 8-10), and one known diterpene (7) have been isolated. Compounds 1-6 and 8-10 are described for the first time. The structures were established by extensive 1D, 2D NMR and HRESI-TOFMS spectroscopic methods. Finally, the absolute configuration has been established by comparing of experimental and quantum chemical calculation of ECD spectra. Despite a total lack of antimicrobial activity of the plant extract, hinting to the existence of antagonistic interactions in the crude material, three oxylipins (2-4) displayed a promising inhibition on Gram-positive multidrug-resistant clinical strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and, particularly, Staphylococcus epidermidis, while the compounds 9 and 10 revealed a specific and strain-dependent activity against S. epidermidis. Interestingly, the inhibition provided by these compounds was independent of the resistance patterns of these pathogens to classic antibiotics. No action was reported on Gram-negative strains nor on Candida albicans. These results confirm that clerodanes and, particularly, prostaglandin-like compounds can be considered as interesting antimicrobial agents deserving further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bisio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Via Brigata Salerno 13, 16147 Genova, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Schito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Sezione di Microbiologia, Università di Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 8, 16145 Genova, Italy
| | - Samad Nejad Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matthias Hamburger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Mele
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Via Brigata Salerno 13, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriella Piatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Sezione di Microbiologia, Università di Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 8, 16145 Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romussi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Via Brigata Salerno 13, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy
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Fotso GW, Ntumy AN, Ngachussi E, Dube M, Mapitse R, Kapche GDWF, Andrae-Marobela K, Ngadjui BT, Abegaz BM. Epunctanone, a New Benzophenone, and Further Secondary Metabolites fromGarcinia epunctataStapf(Guttiferae). Helv Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201300350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Li J, Pan L, Naman CB, Deng Y, Chai H, Keller W, Kinghorn AD. Pyrrole alkaloids with potential cancer chemopreventive activity isolated from a goji berry-contaminated commercial sample of African mango. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5054-60. [PMID: 24792835 PMCID: PMC4047925 DOI: 10.1021/jf500802x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of a commercial sample of African mango (Irvingia gabonensis) that was later shown to be contaminated with goji berry (Lycium sp.) led to the isolation of a new pyrrole alkaloid, methyl 2-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]propanoate, 1, along with seven known compounds, 2-8. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data. The new compound 1g showed hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity with an ED50 value of 16.7 μM, whereas 4-[formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]butanoic acid (2) was active in both the hydroxyl radical-scavenging (ED50 11.9 μM) and quinone reductase-induction [CD (concentration required to double QR activity) 2.4 μM)] assays used. The isolated compounds were shown to be absent in a taxonomically authenticated African mango sample but present in three separate authentic samples of goji berry (Lycium barbarum) using LC-MS and (1)H NMR fingerprinting analysis, including one sample that previously showed inhibitory activity in vivo in a rat esophageal cancer model induced with N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine. Additionally, microscopic features characteristic of goji berry were observed in the commercial African mango sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Li Pan
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - C. Benjamin Naman
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ye Deng
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Heebyung Chai
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - William
J. Keller
- Nature’s
Sunshine Products, Inc., 1655 North
Main Street, Spanish Fork, Utah 84660, United
States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- (A.D.K.) Phone: (614) 247-8094. Fax: (614) 247-8119. E-mail:
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Two ellagic acids isolated from roots of Sanguisorba officinalis L. promote hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation and megakaryocyte differentiation. Molecules 2014; 19:5448-58. [PMID: 24879588 PMCID: PMC6271460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19045448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a bioassay-directed chromatographic separation, two ellagic acids were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis L. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods, the two ellagic acids were identified as 3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid-4'-O-β-d-xyloside and 3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid. Stimulation of cell proliferation was assayed in hematopoietic progenitor cells using the Cell Counting kit-8 method. The megakaryocyte differentiation was determined in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells using Giemsa staining and flow cytometry analysis. The ellagic acids significantly stimulated the proliferation of Baf3/Mpl cells. Morphology analysis and megakaryocyte specific-marker CD41 staining confirmed that the ellagic acids induced megakaryocyte differentiation in HEL cells. This is the first time that 3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid or 3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid-4'-O-β-d-xyloside are reported to induce megakaryopoiesis, suggesting a class of small molecules which differ from others non-peptidyl, and appears to have potential for clinical development as a therapeutic agent for patients with blood platelet disorders.
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Phenolics, Antiradical Assay and Cytotoxicity of Processed Mango (Mangifera indica) and Bush Mango (Irvingia gabonensis) Kernels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0189-7241(15)30097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kang CG, Hah DS, Kim CH, Kim YH, Kim E, Kim JS. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the methanol extracts from 8 traditional medicinal plants. Toxicol Res 2013; 27:31-6. [PMID: 24278548 PMCID: PMC3834511 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2011.27.1.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The methanol extract of 12 medicinal plants were evaluated for its antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (5 strains) and Gram-negative bacteria (10 strains) by assay for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) . The antibacterial activity was determined by an agar dilution method (according to the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute) . All the compounds (12 extracts) of the 8 medicinal plants (leaf or root) were active against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Gram-negative showed a more potent action than Gram positive bacteria. The MIC concentrations were various ranged from 0.6 μg/ml to 5000 μg/ml. The lowest MIC (0.6 μg/ml) and MBC (1.22 μg/ml) values were obtained with extract on 4 and 3 of the 15 microorganisms tested, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Geun Kang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University (Institute of Animal Science) , Jinju 660-701
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Ogaji IJ, Nan A, Hoag SW. A Novel Extraction Method and Some Physicochemical Properties of Extractives of Irvingia Gabonensis seeds. J Young Pharm 2013; 4:66-72. [PMID: 22754256 PMCID: PMC3385219 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.96612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant Irvingia gabonensis contains lipids and polymer extractives that can be a good source of excipients for oral pharmaceutical formulations. These constituents are usually extracted from the seeds with the aid of either organic solvents or enzymes. The purpose of this paper was to describe a novel, simpler, cheaper, and safer method for the simultaneous extraction of lipids and gum from I. gabonensis. A 100.0 g of seeds of I. gabonensis in 200 mL deionized water was heated at 78°C in the presence of 2.0 g sodium chloride for 1 h, and the mixture was allowed to stand for the lipids to be separated and removed by filtration. The samples were air dried at 25–30°C. The liquid fraction was centrifuged at 3445 rpm for 30 min, and the supernatant portion containing the gum was freeze dried. The samples were investigated for their true, bulk, and tapped densities as well as particle size and particle size distributions. The rheological, and near infrared absorption spectra as well as thermal behavior of the samples were also studied. The lipid and the polymeric components of I. gabonensis seeds were successfully extracted simultaneously. The true densities of the fatty and gum components were, respectively, 1.000 and 1.544 g/cm3. The melting point of the fat was 40°C and Tg of the gum was 232°C. These values were similar to those described in the literature for the components using the traditional method, demonstrating the effectiveness and efficiency of this simple novel method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikoni J Ogaji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
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Ntie-Kang F, Lifongo LL, Mbaze LM, Ekwelle N, Owono Owono LC, Megnassan E, Judson PN, Sippl W, Efange SMN. Cameroonian medicinal plants: a bioactivity versus ethnobotanical survey and chemotaxonomic classification. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:147. [PMID: 23802859 PMCID: PMC3703288 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background In Cameroon herbs are traditionally used to meet health care needs and plans are on the way to integrate traditional medicine in the health care system, even though the plans have not been put into action yet. The country however has a rich biodiversity, with ~8,620 plant species, some of which are commonly used in the treatment of several microbial infections and a range of diseases (malaria, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, diabetes and tuberculosis). Methods Our survey consisted in collecting published data from the literature sources, mainly from PhD theses in Cameroonian university libraries and also using the author queries in major natural product and medicinal chemistry journals. The collected data includes plant sources, uses of plant material in traditional medicine, plant families, region of collection of plant material, isolated metabolites and type (e.g. flavonoid, terpenoid, etc.), measured biological activities of isolated compounds, and any comments on significance of isolated metabolites on the chemotaxonomic classification of the plant species. This data was compiled on a excel sheet and analysed. Results In this study, a literature survey led to the collection of data on 2,700 secondary metabolites, which have been previously isolated or derived from Cameroonian medicinal plants. This represents distinct phytochemicals derived from 312 plant species belonging to 67 plant families. The plant species are investigated in terms of chemical composition with respect to the various plant families. A correlation between the known biological activities of isolated compounds and the ethnobotanical uses of the plants is also attempted. Insight into future direction for natural product search within the Cameroonian forest and Savanna is provided. Conclusions It can be verified that a phytochemical search of active secondary metabolites, which is inspired by knowledge from the ethnobotanical uses of medicinal plants could be very vital in a drug discovery program from plant-derived bioactive compounds.
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Leandro LM, de Sousa Vargas F, Barbosa PCS, Neves JKO, da Silva JA, da Veiga-Junior VF. Chemistry and biological activities of terpenoids from copaiba (Copaifera spp.) oleoresins. Molecules 2012; 17:3866-89. [PMID: 22466849 PMCID: PMC6269112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17043866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Copaiba oleoresins are exuded from the trunks of trees of the Copaifera species (Leguminosae-Caesalpinoideae). This oleoresin is a solution of diterpenoids, especially, mono- and di-acids, solubilized by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The sesquiterpenes and diterpenes (labdane, clerodane and kaurane skeletons) are different for each Copaifera species and have been linked to several reported biological activities, ranging from anti-tumoral to embriotoxic effects. This review presents all the substances already described in this oleoresin, together with structures and activities of its main terpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiam Maia Leandro
- Chemistry Department, Amazonas Federal University, Av. Gal. Rodrigo Octávio, 6.200, Japiim, Manaus-AM, 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiano de Sousa Vargas
- Chemistry Department, Amazonas Federal University, Av. Gal. Rodrigo Octávio, 6.200, Japiim, Manaus-AM, 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Cristina Souza Barbosa
- Chemistry Department, Amazonas Federal University, Av. Gal. Rodrigo Octávio, 6.200, Japiim, Manaus-AM, 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Jamilly Kelly Oliveira Neves
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Rua Baraúnas, 351, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande-PB, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - José Alexsandro da Silva
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Rua Baraúnas, 351, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande-PB, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Valdir Florêncio da Veiga-Junior
- Chemistry Department, Amazonas Federal University, Av. Gal. Rodrigo Octávio, 6.200, Japiim, Manaus-AM, 69080-900, Brazil
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +55-92-9903-6771
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Souza-Moreira TM, Severi JA, Santos E, Silva VY, Vilegas W, Salgado HR, Pietro RC. Chemical and Antidiarrheal Studies of Plinia cauliflora. J Med Food 2011; 14:1590-6. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana M. Souza-Moreira
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana A. Severi
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emerson Santos
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviana Y.A. Silva
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hérida R.N. Salgado
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire C.L.R. Pietro
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
AbstractBacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasing at an alarming rate and many commonly used antibiotics are no longer effective. Thus, there is considerable interest in investigating novel antibacterial compounds, such as the plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoids, including oleanolic acid (OA), ursolic acid (UA) and their derivatives. These compounds can be isolated from many medicinal and crop plants and their antibacterial, antiviral, antiulcer and anti-inflammatory effects are well documented. OA and UA are active against many bacterial species, particularly Gram-positive species, including mycobacteria. They inhibit bacterial growth and survival, and the spectrum of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values is very broad. In addition, OA, UA and their derivatives display potent antimutagenic activity. Studies to identify the cellular targets and molecular mechanisms of OA and UA action were initiated a few years ago and it has already been demonstrated that both acids influence bacterial gene expression, the formation and maintenance of biofilms, cell autolysis and peptidoglycan turnover. Before these compounds can be used clinically as antimicrobial agents, further extensive studies are required to determine their cytotoxicity and the optimum mode of their application.
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Saleem M, Nazir M, Ali MS, Hussain H, Lee YS, Riaz N, Jabbar A. Antimicrobial natural products: an update on future antibiotic drug candidates. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 27:238-54. [PMID: 20111803 DOI: 10.1039/b916096e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, it has become clear that antimicrobial drugs are losing their effectiveness due to the evolution of pathogen resistance. There is therefore a continuing need to search for new antibiotics, especially as new drugs only rarely reach the market. Natural products are both fundamental sources of new chemical diversity and integral components of today's pharmaceutical compendium, and the aim of this review is to explore and highlight the diverse natural products that have potential to lead to more effective and less toxic antimicrobial drugs. Although more than 300 natural metabolites with antimicrobial activity have been reported in the period 2000-2008, this review will describe only those with potentially useful antimicrobial activity, viz. with MICs in the range 0.02-10 microg mL(-1). A total of 145 compounds from 13 structural classes are discussed, and over 100 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63000 Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Kuete V, Nana F, Ngameni B, Mbaveng AT, Keumedjio F, Ngadjui BT. Antimicrobial activity of the crude extract, fractions and compounds from stem bark of Ficus ovata (Moraceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 124:556-61. [PMID: 19450673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Revised: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to investigate the antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts from the stem bark of Ficus ovata (FOB), fractions (FOB1-6) and compounds isolated following bio-guided fractionation [3-friedelanone (1), taraxeryl acetate (2), betulinic acid (3), oleanoïc acid (4), 2-hydroxyisoprunetin (5), 6,7-(2-isopropenyl furo)-5,2,4-trihydroxyisoflavone (6), Cajanin (7) and protocatechuic acid (8)]. MATERIALS AND METHODS The micro-dilution method was used for the determination of the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and the minimal microbicidal concentration (MMC) against fungi (two species), gram-positive (three species) and gram-negative bacteria (five species). RESULTS The results of the MIC determinations indicated that the crude extract (FOB), fractions FOB2 and FOB4 as well as compound 5 were active on the entire studied organisms. Other samples showed selective activity, fractions FOB1, FOB3 and FOB5 being active against 50% of the tested microbial species while FOB6 was active on 40%. Compounds 8, 6, 2 and 7 prevented the growth of 80%, 70%, 50% and 20% of the organisms respectively. The lowest MIC value (156 g/ml) observed with the crude extract was recorded on Streptococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Microsporum audouinii. The corresponding value for fractions (39 microg/ml) was noted with FOB4 against Staphylococcus aureus, while that of the tested compounds (10 microg/ml) was observed with compound 8 on Microsporum audouinii. The results of the MMC determination suggested that the cidal effect of most of the tested samples on the studied microorganisms could be expected. CONCLUSIONS The overall results provided evidence that the studied plant extract, as well as some of the isolated compounds might be potential sources of new antimicrobial drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, B.P. 67 Dschang, Cameroon.
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Zuo GY, Wang GC, Zhao YB, Xu GL, Hao XY, Han J, Zhao Q. Screening of Chinese medicinal plants for inhibition against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 120:287-290. [PMID: 18804522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional herbs are a valuable source of novel antibacterials in combating pathogenic isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a global nosocomial problem. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess in vitro anti-MRSA activity of extracts from Chinese herbs. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined in the setting of clinical MRSA isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODS A collection of 19 plant extracts were obtained and bioassay-guided phytochemical analysis performed. Antibacterial susceptibilities were screened for inhibitory zone and MICs/MBCs determined by serial dilution with a standardized microdilution broth methodology. 9 MRSA isolates and a standard control strain (ATCC 25923) were cultured and exposed to the plant extract and isolated compound. Vancomycin was used as a positive control agent. RESULTS All the presented 19 plants showed anti-MRSA activity with MIC of 1.25-3.07mg/ml. The most active antimicrobial plants were Dendrobenthamia capitata, Elsholtzia rugulosa, Elsholtzia blanda, Geranium strictipes and Polygonum multiflorum (MIC< or =1.43mg/ml), and betulinic acid isolated from the active ethyl acetate fraction of Dendrobenthamia capitata extract was determined with MIC/MBC values as 62.5/125.0mg/ml. CONCLUSIONS Dendrobenthamia capitata, Elsholtzia rugulosa, Elsholtzia blanda, Geranium strictipesPolygonum multiflorum and betulinic acid demonstrate promising anti-MRSA potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Zuo
- Research Center for Natural Medicines, Kunming General Hospital, PLA, Kunming, China.
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Fontanay S, Grare M, Mayer J, Finance C, Duval RE. Ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids: antibacterial spectra and selectivity indexes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 120:272-6. [PMID: 18835348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Revised: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 09/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ursolic acid (UA), oleanolic acid (OA) and betulinic acid (BA), three hydroxyl pentacyclic triterpenoic acids (HPTAs) naturally found in a large variety of vegetarian foods, medicinal herbs and plants have been investigated for antibacterial activity. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the antibacterial activity of UA, OA and BA, as well as the toxic impact on eukaryotic cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined against five reference strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 & ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), as well as five antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates. Toxicity was evaluated against MRC-5 and HaCaT cell lines. RESULTS No antibacterial activity was observed for BA; while OA and more particularly UA, did show a moderate to good antibacterial activity, but limited to Gram-positive bacteria. Nevertheless, OA and UA were devoid of antibacterial activities against clinical isolates. Moreover, viability and cytotoxic assays demonstrated that the three compounds induced a significant cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Despite of a relative similar chemical structure; UA, OA and BA harboured different antibacterial activities, with more significant ones for UA. However, considering both viability and toxicity values, these compounds seem to have a significant impact on eukaryotic cell viability.
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