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Khumalo GP, Loa-Kum-Cheung W, Van Wyk BE, Feng Y, Cock IE. Leaf extracts of eight selected southern African medicinal plants modulate pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1607-1620. [PMID: 38310564 PMCID: PMC11006729 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of extracts prepared from the leaves of eight southern African medicinal plants used traditionally to treat inflammation and pain. The inhibitory effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts on the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines was determined in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated and unstimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 release were determined using cytokine multiplex-bead assays. The ethanol extracts of Melianthus comosus Vahl (commonly known as honey flower), Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd (misty plume bush) and Warburgia salutaris (G. Bertol.) Chiov. (pepper-bark tree), demonstrated the most significant inhibitory activity, with over 50-fold inhibition of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The aqueous extract of M. comosus also significantly inhibited the secretion of all the tested cytokines and chemokines. Phytochemical investigation of M. comosus ethanol leaf extract using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) led to the detection of crassolide, deoxylimonoic acid D-ring-lactone, 2-hydroxynonanoic acid and 5-noniloxytryptamine. To the best of our knowledge, the cytokine inhibition properties of most of the medicinal plants screened in this study are reported for the first time. Our results support the use of southern African medicinal plants as anti-inflammatory remedies and provide an insight into the immunomodulatory mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gugulethu P Khumalo
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Wendy Loa-Kum-Cheung
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, 46 Don Young Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Ben-Erik Van Wyk
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
| | - Yunjiang Feng
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, 46 Don Young Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Ian E Cock
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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Ghasemi-Dehnoo M, Amini-Khoei H, Lorigooini Z, AnjomShoa M, Bijad E, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Inhibition of TLR4, NF-κB, and INOS pathways mediates ameliorative effect of syringic acid in experimental ulcerative colitis in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:795-808. [PMID: 38095803 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Numerous therapeutics and pharmacological properties have been reported in syringic acid (SA). In this study, we aimed to evaluate effect of SA in ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats considering effect on TLR4, NF-κB, and INOS pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS 48 Wistar rats were randomly designated into six groups (n = 8). UC was induced via intra-rectal administration of 7% acetic acid (0.8 ml). SA at doses of 10, 25, 50 mg/kg was administrated through gavage, and dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) administrated intra-peritoneally for 5 consecutive days. The macroscopic and histopathological damages as well as expression of inflammatory and apoptotic genes along with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the colon tissue were assessed. RESULTS UC led to an increase in the apoptotic and inflammatory genes, NO and MDA levels as well as decrease in TAC level, and SOD and CAT activities (p < 0.05). UC also caused severe damage, edema, inflammation, and necrosis in the colon. SA significantly reduced gene expressions of INOS, TLR4, IL-6, IL-1β, NF-κB, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Bax. SA ameliorated negative macroscopic and histopathologic effects of UC. SA significantly reduced MDA and NO levels, and increased TAC level and CAT activity in the colon tissue in comparison to the UC rats without treatment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION SA via attenuation of the TLR4-NF-κB, NF-κB-INOS-NO pathways, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis of UC in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghasemi-Dehnoo
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Maryam AnjomShoa
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Bijad
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Tourabi M, El Ghouizi A, Nouioura G, Faiz K, Elfatemi H, El-Yagoubi K, Lyoussi B, Derwich E. Phenolic profile, acute and subacute oral toxicity of the aqueous extract from Moroccan Mentha longifolia L. aerial part in Swiss Albino mice model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117293. [PMID: 37844742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mentha longifolia (L.) (Lamiaceae) is a native plant in Morocco, traditionally used in different countries to treat several disorders notably gastrointestinal illnesses, respiratory disorders, infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, and menstrual problems. Robust scientific evidence has confirmed multiple pharmacological properties of M. longifolia including antihemolytic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, gastroprotective effect, and antispasmodic activity. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aimed to determine the phytochemical profile and assess the toxic effect of an aqueous extract of the arial parts of M. longifolia in male and female Swiss albino mice during acute and subacute oral toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-performance Liquid Chromatography Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) was used to provide qualitative and quantitative analyses of phenolic compounds of M. longifolia aqueous extract. In acute toxicity experiments, four distinct groups of mice (n = 5/group/sex) were administered Mentha longifolia aqueous extract at single oral dosages of 0.5; 1; 2; 4, and 8 g/kg BW given by gavage and intraperitoneal for up to 14 days. Regarding the subacute toxicity investigation, Swiss albino mice were given M. longifolia aqueous extract orally at dosages of 100; 500; and 1000 mg/kg BW daily for 28 days. Body weight is measured every 7 days and suggested biochemical and hematological parameters were quantified, at the finish of 28 days of daily administration, sections of the liver, kidney, and spleen were histologically evaluated for showing damage to organs. RESULTS The data of High-performance Liquid chromatography analysis revealed that M. longifolia aqueous extract was rich in interesting phytochemical compounds, mainly quercetin, and rutin, followed by a hydroxybenzoic acid-like syringic acid. Regarding the acute test in mice, no mortality or symptoms of toxicity were detected following oral administration with a single dose of M. longifolia aqueous extract at any dosage limit up to 4 g/kg, which was the no-observed side effect threshold (NOAEL). The mortality rate as well as acute toxicity of the M. longifolia aqueous extract delivered intraperitoneally, are increased progressively with increasing dosage. The non-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for the intraperitoneal dosage was 1 g/kg BW, and the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) was 2 g/kg BW, the estimated acute toxicity (LD50) of intraperitoneally given M. longifolia aqueous extract in mice was 4.800 g/kg BW. Concerning subacute examinations in mice, the M. longifolia aqueous extract did not induce substantial modifications in biochemical or hematological indicators, preserving a slight increase in creatinine and urea levels. At the end of the experiment, a histopathological examination of the kidneys, liver, and spleen revealed normal architecture, suggesting no morphological damage. CONCLUSION The data we obtained indicate that acute or subacute administration of Mentha longifolia aqueous extract is relatively non-toxic in male and female Swiss albino mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Tourabi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Asmae El Ghouizi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco; The Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques (ISPITS), Fez, Morocco.
| | - Ghizlane Nouioura
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Khaoula Faiz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Food and Health Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Hind Elfatemi
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hassan II, 30050, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Karima El-Yagoubi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Elhoussine Derwich
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco; Unity of GC/MS and GC-FID, City of Innovation, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Morocco.
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Ortiz-Mendoza N, Martínez-Gordillo MJ, Martínez-Ambriz E, Basurto-Peña FA, González-Trujano ME, Aguirre-Hernández E. Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Properties of the Subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) in Inflammatory Diseases. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3752. [PMID: 37960108 PMCID: PMC10648697 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Nepetoideae is the most diverse subfamily of Lamiaceae, and some species are well known for their culinary and medicinal uses. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the therapeutic properties of the species of this group regarding inflammatory illnesses. This study aims to collect information on traditional uses through ethnobotanical, pharmacological, and phytochemical information of the subfamily Nepetoideae related to inflammatory diseases. UNAM electronic resources were used to obtain the information. The analysis of the most relevant literature was compiled and organised in tables. From this, about 106 species of the subfamily are traditionally recognised to alleviate chronic pain associated with inflammation. Pharmacological studies have been carried out in vitro and in vivo on approximately 308 species belonging to the genera Salvia, Ocimum, Thymus, Mentha, Origanum, Lavandula, and Melissa. Phytochemical and pharmacological evaluations have been performed and mostly prepared as essential oil or high polarity extracts, whose secondary metabolites are mainly of a phenolic nature. Other interesting and explored metabolites are diterpenes from the abietane, clerodane, and kaurane type; however, they have only been described in some species of the genera Salvia and Isodon. This review reveals that the Nepetoideae subfamily is an important source for therapeutics of the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Ortiz-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Martha Juana Martínez-Gordillo
- Departamento de Biología Comparada, Herbario de la Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Martínez-Ambriz
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, Mexico;
| | | | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico;
| | - Eva Aguirre-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
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Venkataraman B, Almarzooqi S, Raj V, Bhongade BA, Patil RB, Subramanian VS, Attoub S, Rizvi TA, Adrian TE, Subramanya SB. Molecular Docking Identifies 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) as A Novel PPARγ Agonist That Alleviates Colon Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076160. [PMID: 37047133 PMCID: PMC10094723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease, comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is often debilitating. The disease etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic susceptibility, microbial dysregulation, abnormal immune activation, and environmental factors. Currently, available drug therapies are associated with adverse effects when used long-term. Therefore, the search for new drug candidates to treat IBD is imperative. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is highly expressed in the colon. PPARγ plays a vital role in regulating colonic inflammation. 1,8-cineole, also known as eucalyptol, is a monoterpene oxide present in various aromatic plants which possess potent anti-inflammatory activity. Molecular docking and dynamics studies revealed that 1,8-cineole binds to PPARγ and if it were an agonist, that would explain the anti-inflammatory effects of 1,8-cineole. Therefore, we investigated the role of 1,8-cineole in colonic inflammation, using both in vivo and in vitro experimental approaches. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis was used as the in vivo model, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-stimulated HT-29 cells as the in vitro model. 1,8-cineole treatment significantly decreased the inflammatory response in DSS-induced colitis mice. 1,8-cineole treatment also increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) translocation into the nucleus to induce potent antioxidant effects. 1,8-cineole also increased colonic PPARγ protein expression. Similarly, 1,8-cineole decreased proinflammatory chemokine production and increased PPARγ protein expression in TNFα-stimulated HT-29 cells. 1,8-cineole also increased PPARγ promoter activity time-dependently. Because of its potent anti-inflammatory effects, 1,8-cineole may be valuable in treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Venkataraman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeeda Almarzooqi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vishnu Raj
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bhoomendra A Bhongade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rajesh B Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Vadgaon (BK), Pune 411 041, India
| | | | - Samir Attoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir A Rizvi
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thomas E Adrian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sandeep B Subramanya
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Alves NM, Nunes PHM, Mendes Garcez A, Lima de Freitas MC, Oliveira IS, da Silva FV, Fernandes HDB, de Sousa DP, Oliveira RDCM, Arcanjo DDR, Martins MDCDCE. Antioxidant Mechanisms Underlying the Gastroprotective Effect of Menthofuran on Experimentally Induced Gastric Lesions in Rodents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:9192494. [PMID: 37064952 PMCID: PMC10104745 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9192494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Menthofuran is a monoterpene present in various essential oils derived from species from Mentha genus, and in Brazil, those species are widely used in treating gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. Considering the wide pharmacological potential of monoterpenes, including their antioxidant activity, this study aimed to evaluate menthofuran-gastroprotective activity, as well as the involvement of antioxidant mechanisms in this effect. The acute toxicity was evaluated according to the fixed dose method. The antiulcerogenic activity was investigated by using experimental models of gastric ulcers induced by ethanol, indomethacin, and ischemia/reperfusion in rats. The antisecretory gastric activity, the catalase activity, and the gastric wall mucus were determined in pylorus ligated rats. Gastric wall nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) group content, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were evaluated in ethanol-induced the gastric ulcer model. Menthofuran (2 g/kg) presented low acute toxicity and showed gastroprotective activity against ethanol-, indomethacin-, and ischemia/reperfusion-induced ulcers. Moreover, menthofuran presented antisecretory activity, reduced the total acidity, and increased pH of gastric secretion. On the other hand, a decrease in mucus content of gastric wall without alteration of gastric juice volume and catalase activity was observed. Interestingly, menthofuran increased NPSH levels and reduced MDA levels and MPO activity. Gastroprotective effects of menthofuran appear to be mediated, at least in part, by the NOS pathway, endogenous prostaglandins, reduced gastric juice acidity, increased concentration of the NPSH groups, and reduced lipidic peroxidation. These findings support the menthofuran as an effective gastroprotective agent, as well as the marked participation of antioxidant mechanisms in this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naira Moura Alves
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Paulo Humberto Moreira Nunes
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Anderson Mendes Garcez
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Hélio de Barros Fernandes
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Rita de Cássia Meneses Oliveira
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Maria do Carmo de Carvalho e Martins
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
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Ghasemi-Dehnoo M, Amini-Khoei H, Lorigooini Z, Ashrafi-Dehkordi K, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Coumaric acid ameliorates experimental colitis in rats through attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2359-2371. [PMID: 36190687 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to the high side effects of commonly used drugs and according to the pharmacological properties reported for coumaric acid (CA), this study was designed to determine the impact of CA on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats, considering its possible anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups (n = 8). Colitis was induced by acetic acid intrarectally. CA in three different doses (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) was administrated for 5 days. Finally, the macroscopic and histopathological changes in the colon tissue were examined. The expression of inflammatory and apoptotic genes, including NF-κB, TNF-α, INOS, IL-1β, IL-6, TLR4, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Bax, Bcl-2 was assessed. In addition, changes in the levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured in the colon tissue. RESULTS Colitis led to a decrease in TAC and the activity levels of CAT and SOD and an increase in the expression of inflammatory and apoptotic genes, MDA, and nitrite levels in the colon. Colitis was also associated with edema and severe damage to the epithelium, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and the presence of ulcers and necrosis in the colon tissue. CA significantly improved the inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and histopathological indices caused by acetic acid-induced colitis on the colon. CONCLUSION It is concluded that CA probably exerts its positive effects in the management of colitis, through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghasemi-Dehnoo
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Korosh Ashrafi-Dehkordi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Influence of Cold Environments on Growth, Antioxidant Status, Immunity and Expression of Related Genes in Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192535. [PMID: 36230276 PMCID: PMC9559294 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold climates may be a risk to the health and welfare of lambs during winter because cold environments alter the physiological processes of lambs, and we used cold environments with three different temperature gradients—an indoor heating control group (IHC) using electric heating; an indoor temperature group (IT) with intermittent and slight degrees of stimulation of coldness; an outdoor temperature group (OT) exposed to cold environments in an external natural environment. The results showed that the lambs in the OT group had a greater decrease in the average daily gain (ADG) and increase in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and the feed-to-gain ratio (F:G) compared to the other two groups. The decrease in immunoglobulin A (IgA) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) contents and IL-2 gene expression, and the increase in tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) content and TNF-α and nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65) gene expressions in the OT group suggested that the lambs had a compromised immune status in cold environments. Moreover, the decrease in catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, and CAT, GPx, SOD1, SOD2, and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene expressions, and the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) in the OT group suggested that the lambs had a lower antioxidant defense capacity in cold environments. Thus, in extreme cold, lambs kept outdoors could reduce growth, immune function and antioxidant status. However, shelter feeding in winter could relieve the stress of cold environments on lambs, and housing with heating equipment was more conducive to the improve growth, immune, and antioxidant function of the lambs.
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Bastaki SMA, Amir N, Adeghate E, Ojha S. Lycopodium Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Colonic Mucosa of Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092774. [PMID: 35566122 PMCID: PMC9102450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are diseases of the gastrointestinal system involving genetic and environmental factors attributed to oxidative stress and inflammation. Targeting oxidative stress and inflammation by novel dietary compounds of natural origin convincingly appears to be one of the important therapeutic strategies to keep the disease in remission. As there is no permanent cure for IBD except for chronic long-term treatment or surgery, it is therefore imperative to investigate plant-based agents that are receiving attention for their therapeutic benefits to overcome the debilitating clinical conditions of IBD. Lycopodium (LYCO), a plant of tropical and subtropical origin and known by numerous names such as ground pine, club moss, or devil’s claw, has been popularly used for centuries in traditional medicine including Chinese and Indian medicines. In the present study, the effect of LYCO has been investigated in an acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis model in Wistar rats. LYCO was orally administered at the dose of 50 mg/kg/day either 3 days before or 30 min after the induction of IBD and continued for 7 days by intrarectal administration of AA. The changes in body weight and macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the colon of rats of different experimental groups were observed on days 0, 2, 4, and 7. The levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. AA caused a significant reduction in body weight and increased macroscopic and microscopic ulcer scores along with a significant decline in antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase and antioxidant substrate, glutathione (GSH). There was a concomitant increased formation of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, and raised myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, a marker of neutrophil activation. Treatment with LYCO significantly improved IBD-induced reduction in body weight, improved histology, inhibited MDA formation, and restored antioxidants along with reduced MPO activity. AA also caused the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-23 (IL-23). Furthermore, AA also increased the levels of calprotectin, a protein released by neutrophils under inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. LYCO treatment significantly reduced the release of calprotectin and proinflammatory cytokines. The results demonstrate that LYCO treatment has the potential to improve disease activity by inhibiting oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation along with histological preservation of colonic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim M. A. Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (S.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Naheed Amir
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (S.O.)
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Anethole Ameliorates Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Mice: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9057451. [PMID: 35432569 PMCID: PMC9007635 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9057451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Anethole has possessed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses in numerous studies. Oxidative stress has a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of colitis. The current study is designed to determine the effect of anethole on acetic acid-induced colitis in mice in view of its possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, 48 mice were grouped into 6 groups (n = 8), and colitis was induced with 0.2 ml of 7% acetic acid. Mice received intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 constant days normal saline and/or anethole at doses of 31.25, 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg, respectively. After treatments, the colon was dissected out, and histopathological changes, expression of inflammatory genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, and TLR4), and evaluation of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed. The results showed that colitis is associated with edema and inflammatory responses in all layers and severe damage to the epithelium of the colon. Colitis causes a decrease in TAC, an increase in MDA levels, and an increase in inflammatory genes in the colon. Findings determined that anethole ameliorated the adverse effects of acetic acid-induced colitis in the colon. It is concluded that anethole, partially at least, possessed protective effects in acetic acid-induced colitis in mice through attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
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Bioactive Constituents and Toxicological Evaluation of Selected Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants of Saudi Arabia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7123521. [PMID: 35082904 PMCID: PMC8786507 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7123521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to summarize the available antidiabetic medicinal plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with its phytoconstituents and toxicological findings supporting by the latest literature. Required data about medicinal plants having antidiabetic activities and growing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were searched/collected from the online databases including Wiley, Google, PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Keywords used in search are in vivo antidiabetic activities, flora of Saudi Arabia, active ingredients, toxicological evaluations, and medicinal plants. A total of 50 plant species belonging to 27 families were found in the flora of Saudi Arabia. Dominant family was found Lamiaceae with 5 species (highest) followed by Moraceae with 4 species. β-Amyrin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, rutin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol are the very common bioactive constituents of these selected plant species. This paper has presented a list of antidiabetic plants used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Bioactive antidiabetic phytoconstituents which showed that these plants have hypoglycemic effects and highly recommended for further pharmacological purposes and to isolate/identify antidiabetes mellitus (anti-DM) active agents also need to investigate the side effects of active ingredients.
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Fan J, Sun J, Li T, Yan X, Jiang Y. Nuciferine prevents hepatic steatosis associated with improving intestinal mucosal integrity, mucus-related microbiota and inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway in high-fat induced rats. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Patonay K, Szalontai H, Radácsi P, Zámboriné-Németh É. Chemotypes and Their Stability in Mentha longifolia (L.) L.-A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112478. [PMID: 34834841 PMCID: PMC8622948 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mentha longifolia (L.) L. is the most widespread wild-growing mint species found, and its chemical composition is extremely diverse. We studied the essential oil (EO) yield, composition, and chemotaxonomy of five, northern Hungarian accessions of the species in a cultivation experiment covering two vegetation years at two parallel sites. The long-term goal is to establish the cultivation of this stress-tolerant species in Hungary as a source of flavoring and preservative agents for commercial use. Essential oil yield (1-2 mL/100 g) was observed to be dependent on both the accession and the year. Accession HV1 is assumed to be a new, presumably rare chemotype containing carvacrol (19.28-20.56%), 1,8-cineole (14.87-17.45%), thymol (13.36-13.90%), carvacryl acetate (8.81-10.40%), and para-cymene (7.24-8.01%). Only minor fluctuations occurred in concentrations of these constituents due to habitats and years. A radical change in essential oil composition was observed in accession HV2, as one batch was based on thymol (19.79%) and 1,8-cineole (14.93%), while the others were rich in dihydrocarvone isomers (up to 69%). Although this needs further investigation, it does explain the coexistence of limonene-oxo and γ-terpinene pathways in horsemint. According to the literature, the pathway leading to thymol isomers and/or esters may be rare in the entire Mentha genus. We also demonstrated that known chemotypes of horsemint may differ in variability of their EO composition. Our results also led to the conclusion that any declaration on chemotype needs detailed examination and is not realistic on the basis of a single sample. Assumptions were made about the potential areas of utilization: beside fragrance and flavoring uses of essential oils free from pulegone and menthofurane, thymol-based ones may be used as antioxidative and anti-spoilage agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Patonay
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka St. 6 Building G, H-3300 Eger, Hungary;
| | - Helga Szalontai
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka St. 6 Building G, H-3300 Eger, Hungary;
| | - Péter Radácsi
- Department and Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi St. 29-43, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; (P.R.); (É.Z.-N.)
| | - Éva Zámboriné-Németh
- Department and Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi St. 29-43, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; (P.R.); (É.Z.-N.)
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Chen G, Li Y, Li X, Zhou D, Wang Y, Wen X, Wang C, Liu X, Feng Y, Li B, Li N. Functional foods and intestinal homeostasis: The perspective of in vivo evidence. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Xia X, Lin Z, Shao K, Wang X, Xu J, Zhai H, Wang H, Xu W, Zhao Y. Combination of white tea and peppermint demonstrated synergistic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:2500-2510. [PMID: 33058206 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White tea, considered to be the oldest form of tea, is becoming a popular beverage for its organoleptic characteristics. Peppermint tea, used as a herbal remedy for centuries, is now also very popular throughout the world as herbal tea. What interested us was that in ancient China, peppermint was used in combination with tea as a detoxification or anti-inflammatory agent. However, there are few reports on the combined use of white tea and peppermint. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of white tea in combination with peppermint. RESULTS A synergistic inhibitory effect against four bacterial strains, especially against Staphylococcus argenteus, was observed in the combination of white tea and peppermint in vitro. In addition, the combined formula demonstrated a stronger anti-inflammatory effect in vivo than either of the two used alone, which was associated with the decrease of the pro-inflammatory cytokines of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In a further mechanism study, it was found that white tea and peppermint inhibited the phosphorylation of p-IκB-α and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) at different degrees. While the enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of the combined formula was associated with the combination of NF-κB down-regulation and p-MAPK inhibition. CONCLUSION In our study, it was for the first time shown that when white tea was combined with peppermint, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects were enhanced. The results suggested an effective application of white tea in combination with peppermint as a potential antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functional food. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Xia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | | | | | - Xude Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hang Zhai
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Rafeeq M, Murad HAS, Abdallah HM, El-Halawany AM. Protective effect of 6-paradol in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:28. [PMID: 33441125 PMCID: PMC7805070 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis is a gut inflammatory disorder due to altered immune response to gut microbiome, with interplay of environmental and genetic factors. TNF-α activates inflammatory response through a cascade of immune responses, augmenting pro-inflammatory mediators and proteases, activating chemotaxis, and infiltration of inflammatory cells, leading to ulceration and haemorrhage through cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. 6-Paradol, a dietary component in several plants belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Current study evaluates the effect of 6-paradol in amelioration of ulcerative colitis in rats for the first time. Methods 6-Paradol (95% purity) was obtained from seeds of Aframomum melegueta. Rats were divided randomly into six groups (n = 8). Group one was administered normal saline; group two was treated with the vehicle only; group three, sulfasalazine 500 mg/kg; and groups four, five, and six, were given 6-paradol (50, 100, 200, respectively) mg/kg orally through gastric gavage for 7 days. Colitis was induced on 4th day by intrarectal administration of 2 ml acetic acid (3%), approximately 3 cm from anal verge. On 8th day, rats were sacrificed, and distal one-third of the colon extending proximally up to 4 cm from anal orifice was taken for biochemical and gross examination. Two centimetres of injured mucosal portion was taken for histopathological investigations. SPSS (ver.26) was used for statistical analysis. Results Colonic and serum glutathione (GSH) levels decreased, while colonic and serum malondialdehyde (MDA), colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, and colon weight to length ratio were increased significantly in the colitis untreated group compared to normal control. Treatment with 6-paradol considerably improved all these parameters, especially at a dose of 200 mg/kg (p < 0.001), revealing non-significant differences with sulfasalazine 500 mg/kg and normal control (p = 0.998). Sulfasalazine and 6-paradol in a dose dependent manner also markedly reversed mucosal oedema, atrophy and inflammation, cryptic damage, haemorrhage, and ulceration. There were non-significant differences between low and medium doses and between medium and high doses of 6-paradol for IL-6 and serum MDA levels. Conclusion 6-Paradol demonstrated protection against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis, probably by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03203-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbahuddin Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Rabigh Campus, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hussam Aly Sayed Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Rabigh Campus, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hossam Mohammed Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, KAU, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ali M El-Halawany
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, KAU, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Pang B, Jin H, Liao N, Li J, Jiang C, Shao D, Shi J. Lactobacillus rhamnosus from human breast milk ameliorates ulcerative colitis in mice via gut microbiota modulation. Food Funct 2021; 12:5171-5186. [PMID: 33977948 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03479g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota imbalance is one of the major causes of ulcerative colitis (UC). L. rhamnosus SHA113 (LRS), a strain isolated from healthy human milk, influences the regulation of gut flora. This study aims to determine whether this strain can ameliorate UC by modulating gut microbiota. Mouse models of UC were established using C57BL/6Cnc mice with intragastric administration of 3.0% (w/v) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). LRS was used to treat the mouse models of UC with 109 cfu mL-1 cell suspension via intragastric administration. To verify the effect of gut microbiota on UC, fecal microbiota collected from the mice after the treatment with LRS were also used to treat the UC mouse models (FMT). The severity of UC was evaluated based on body weight, colon length, disease activity index (DAI), and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The microbial composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The mRNA expression levels of cytokines, mucins, tight junction proteins, and antimicrobial peptides in the gastrointestinal tract were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) in the cecal contents of all mice were quantitatively detected by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Both LRS and FMT exerted excellent therapeutic effects on UC, as evidenced by the reduction in body weight loss, colon length, and colon structural integrity, as well as the increase in the DAI (disease activity index). LRS and FMT treatments showed similar effects: (1) an increase of total SCFA production in the cecal contents and the abundance of gut microbial diversity and flora composition; (2) decreases in two genera (Parabacteroides and Escherichia/Shigella) related to the DAI and the enhancement of SCFAs and IL-10 positively related genera in the gut microbiota (Bilophila, Roseburia, Akkermansia, and Bifidobacterium); (3) downregulation of the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin IL-6, and IL-1β, and upregulation of the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10; and (4) upregulation of the expression of mucins (Muc1-4) and tight junction protein ZO-1. Overall, L. rhamnosus SHA113 relieves UC via the regulation of gut microbiota: increases in SCFA-producing genera and decreases in UC-related genera. In addition, a single strain is sufficient to induce a significant change in the gut microbiota and exert therapeutic effects on UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Pang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China. NingLiao
| | - Han Jin
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China. NingLiao
| | - Ning Liao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China. NingLiao
| | - Junjun Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China. NingLiao
| | - Chunmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China. NingLiao
| | - Dongyan Shao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China. NingLiao
| | - Junling Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China. NingLiao
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Nicotine-induced oxidative stress, testis injury, AChE inhibition and brain damage alleviated by Mentha spicata. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:939-948. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cota D, Mishra S, Shengule S. Beneficial role of Terminalia arjuna hydro-alcoholic extract in colitis and its possible mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 230:117-125. [PMID: 30367989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Terminalia arjuna Roxb. (Combretaceae) is traditionally used in Ayurveda medicine and holds ethnomedicinal importance for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. In view of its anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal and antioxidant potential, it could be beneficial for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is associated with interaction between genetic, environmental factors and intestinal microbiome leading to dysregulated immune responses. This study evaluates the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark (TAHA) in trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) model of rat colitis which resembles human IBD. MATERIALS AND METHODS TAHA (500, 250, 125 mg/kg) was administered orally for 28 days in TNBS induced rats. Response to treatment was assessed by comparing observations in diseased and treated groups using disease activity index (DAI); macroscopic/histological damage; determining oxidative stress indicators: myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione; gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and chemokine: MCP-1. Furthermore, the role of TAHA in altering the gut microbiota profile in rat feces and plasma zinc was also studied. RESULTS TAHA treatment in colitic rats directed decreased DAI scores, macroscopic and histologic damage. It also reduced myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide level. Whereas, prevented depletion of plasma catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione level. In addition, TAHA treatment down-regulated the gene expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and displayed altered beneficial effect on fecal microbiota. Furthermore, enhanced plasma zinc level supported the beneficial effect of TAHA in colitic rats. The dose of TAHA that produced most significant beneficial effect was 500 mg/kg. CONCLUSION TAHA administration relieved the disease activity in TNBS induced colitis by reducing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine, decreasing oxidative stress, and improving plasma zinc level and structure of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damita Cota
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sushant Shengule
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
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Dadkhah A, Fatemi F, Rasooli A, Mohammadi Malayeri MR, Torabi F. Assessing the effect of Mentha longifolia essential oils on COX-2 expression in animal model of sepsis induced by caecal ligation and puncture. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:495-504. [PMID: 31070531 PMCID: PMC6282450 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1510972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Mentha longifolia L. (Lamiaceae), a traditional Iranian plant, possesses antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. OBJECTIVE We investigated the potential protective effects of M. longifolia essential oils (E.Os) on caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar Albino rats (n = 50) were grouped as follows: (1) a laparotomy group (LAP); (2) a CLP group (CLP); (3) the treatment groups received orally the E.Os (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w) and indomethacin (2 mg/kg b.w) for 2 weeks. The oxidative stress parameters, liver enzymes and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level were measured in liver and plasma tissues. The liver was also harvested for the real time PCR of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression following histopathological examinations. RESULTS The results indicated that the CLP operation significantly increased lipid peroxidation (LP) [1.79-fold], myeloperoxidase (MPO) [2.76-fold], PGE2 [1.56-fold] besides plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [2.4-fold] and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities [2.22-fold], while, markedly reduced glutathione (GSH) [0.63-fold] and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) levels [0.63-fold]. Even COX2 expression significantly increased in the CLP group as compared to the LAP group. Treatments of rats with the E.Os could return all the hepatic and plasma biomarkers to the normal levels. These results were further confirmed by pathological examination on liver indicating that E.Os could successfully improve the CLP-induced liver injuries. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that E.Os is able to protect liver injuries against sepsis via modulating the oxidative stress parameters concomitant with the suppression of inflammatory reactions such as PGE2 and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Dadkhah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Faezeh Fatemi
- Materials and Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Rasooli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Payame-e-Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Torabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
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Kumar VL, Pandey A, Verma S, Das P. Protection afforded by methanol extract of Calotropis procera latex in experimental model of colitis is mediated through inhibition of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1602-1609. [PMID: 30551414 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Calotropis procera, a latex producing plant is known to possess medicinal properties including its beneficial effect in gastrointestinal disorders. The anti-inflammatory effect of its latex in various experimental models is noteworthy and in light of this the present study was carried out with an objective to evaluate its efficacy in ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory condition of the colon. Colitis was induced in rats by acetic acid and the rats were divided into four groups where one group served as experimental control and the other groups were treated with two doses of methanol extract of dried latex of C. procera (MeDL; 50 and 150 mg/kg) and mesalazine (MSZ; 300 mg/kg). The study also included normal control (NC) group for comparison of various parameters related to colon like macroscopic changes, ulcer score, adherent mucus content, weight/length ratio, small intestinal transit, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, tissue histology and immunoreactivity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa beta (NFκB) subunit p65. Treatment of colitic rats with MeDL produced a significant reduction in colonic mucosal damage as revealed by macroscopic and microscopic evaluation and normalization of tissue levels of oxidative stress markers and pro-inflammatory mediators. The protection afforded by MeDL was also evident from its restorative effect on tissue histology and expression of COX-2, iNOS and NFκB(p65). This study shows that by targeting oxidative stress and NFκB(p65) mediated pro-inflammatory signaling, the latex of C. procera affords protection in colitis and its effect was comparable to that of mesalazine. This study suggests that latex of C. procera could serve as a promising therapeutic option for treating inflammatory conditions of the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay L Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
| | - Abhimanu Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Sneh Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
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22
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Azhar AS, El-Bassossy HM, Abdallah HM. Mentha longifolia alleviates experimentally induced angina via decreasing cardiac load. J Food Biochem 2018; 43:e12702. [PMID: 31353642 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Angina occurs due to imbalance between heart oxygen demand and supply and is associated with serious morbidity and mortality. Here, the possible antianginal effect of Mentha longifolia extract was studied in experimental model of angina. Aerial parts of M. longifolia were extracted, standardized, and given to rats three days before angina. Heart hemodynamics and conductivity were recorded by microtip catheter and surface electrodes. M. longifolia extract significantly alleviated the sustained decline in cardiac contractility after vasopressin exposure. However, M. longifolia did not affect the impaired cardiac dilation after vasopressin. Heart rate was significantly decreased after vasopressin exposure in rats treated with M. longifolia compared with untreated animals. In addition, M. longifolia produced more increase in systolic and diastolic durations after vasopressin exposure compared with untreated animals. Moreover, the plant extract alleviated the ST height changes during vasopressin injection. M. longifolia extract alleviates impaired cardiac function associated with angina through decreasing heart work. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study is the first to study the effect of M. longifolia in an experimental model of angina. M. longifolia alleviated the impaired cardiac contractility associated with angina exposure. The antianginal effect of M. longifolia could be through reducing cardiac load. This can be concluded from the decrease in heart rate and the systolic and diastolic cycles elongation after exposure to vasopressin in animals pretreated with M. longifolia. This helps in reducing the associated cardiac ischemia upon exposure to vasopressin as indicated by ST change. This could provide new directions in the management of the serious angina disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad S Azhar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany M El-Bassossy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hossam M Abdallah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Natural Products, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Salehi B, Stojanović-Radić Z, Matejić J, Sharopov F, Antolak H, Kręgiel D, Sen S, Sharifi-Rad M, Acharya K, Sharifi-Rad R, Martorell M, Sureda A, Martins N, Sharifi-Rad J. Plants of Genus Mentha: From Farm to Food Factory. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 7:E70. [PMID: 30181483 PMCID: PMC6161068 DOI: 10.3390/plants7030070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Genus Mentha, a member of Lamiaceae family, encompasses a series of species used on an industrial scale and with a well-described and developed culture process. Extracts of this genus are traditionally used as foods and are highly valued due to the presence of significant amounts of antioxidant phenolic compounds. Many essential oil chemotypes show distinct aromatic flavor conferred by different terpene proportions. Mint extracts and their derived essential oils exert notable effects against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungi or yeasts, tested both in vitro or in various food matrices. Their chemical compositions are well-known, which suggest and even prompt their safe use. In this review, genus Mentha plant cultivation, phytochemical analysis and even antimicrobial activity are carefully described. Also, in consideration of its natural origin, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, a special emphasis was given to mint-derived products as an interesting alternative to artificial preservatives towards establishing a wide range of applications for shelf-life extension of food ingredients and even foodstuffs. Mentha cultivation techniques markedly influence its phytochemical composition. Both extracts and essential oils display a broad spectrum of activity, closely related to its phytochemical composition. Therefore, industrial implementation of genus Mentha depends on its efficacy, safety and neutral taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Zorica Stojanović-Radić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Matejić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Boulevard Dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan.
| | - Hubert Antolak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Dorota Kręgiel
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Surjit Sen
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India.
| | - Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61663335, Iran.
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India.
| | - Razieh Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615585, Iran.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, 4070386 VIII-Bio Bio Region, Chile.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
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24
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Ben Saad A, Rjeibi I, Alimi H, Ncib S, Bouhamda T, Zouari N. Protective effects ofMentha spicataagainst nicotine-induced toxicity in liver and erythrocytes of Wistar rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 43:77-83. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Mentha spicata supplementation against nicotine-induced oxidative damage in the liver and erythrocytes of Wistar rats. Bioactive substances were determined by liquid chromatography – electrospray ionization – tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Animals were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each: a normal control group, a nicotine-treated group (1 mg/kg), a group receiving M. spicata extract (100 mg/kg), and a group receiving both M. spicata extract (100 mg/kg) and nicotine (1 mg/kg). Many phenolic acids were identified in the M. spicata aqueous extract. After 2 months of treatment, nicotine induced an increase in the level of white blood cells and a marked decrease in erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and haematocrit. Aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities were also found to be higher in nicotine-treated group than those of the control group. Furthermore, nicotine-treated rats exhibited oxidative stress, as evidenced by a decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities and an increase in lipid peroxidation level in liver and erythrocytes. Interestingly, the oral administration of M. spicata extract by nicotine-treated rats alleviated such disturbances. M. spicata contained bioactive compounds that possess important antioxidant potential and protected liver and erythrocytes against nicotine-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Ben Saad
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Ilhem Rjeibi
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Alimi
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Sana Ncib
- Unit of Common Services, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Talel Bouhamda
- Central Laboratory of the Institute of Arid Areas of Medenine, Medenine 4119, Tunisia
| | - Nacim Zouari
- High Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Medenine 4119, Tunisia
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25
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Lu H, Lu Z, Li X, Li G, Qiao Y, Borris RP, Zhang Y. Interactions of 172 plant extracts with human organic anion transporter 1 (SLC22A6) and 3 (SLC22A8): a study on herb-drug interactions. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3333. [PMID: 28560096 PMCID: PMC5446775 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Herb-drug interactions (HDIs) resulting from concomitant use of herbal products with clinical drugs may cause adverse reactions. Organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) and 3 (OAT3) are highly expressed in the kidney and play a key role in the renal elimination of substrate drugs. So far, little is known about the herbal extracts that could modulate OAT1 and OAT3 activities. Methods HEK293 cells stably expressing human OAT1 (HEK-OAT1) and OAT3 (HEK-OAT3) were established and characterized. One hundred seventy-two extracts from 37 medicinal and economic plants were prepared. An initial concentration of 5 µg/ml for each extract was used to evaluate their effects on 6-carboxylfluorescein (6-CF) uptake in HEK-OAT1 and HEK-OAT3 cells. Concentration-dependent inhibition studies were conducted for those extracts with more than 50% inhibition to OAT1 and OAT3. The extract of Juncus effusus, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, was assessed for its effect on the in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters of furosemide, a diuretic drug which is a known substrate of both OAT1 and OAT3. Results More than 30% of the plant extracts at the concentration of 5 µg/ml showed strong inhibitory effect on the 6-CF uptake mediated by OAT1 (61 extracts) and OAT3 (55 extracts). Among them, three extracts for OAT1 and fourteen extracts for OAT3 were identified as strong inhibitors with IC50 values being <5 µg/ml. Juncus effusus showed a strong inhibition to OAT3 in vitro, and markedly altered the in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters of furosemide in rats. Conclusion The present study identified the potential interactions of medicinal and economic plants with human OAT1 and OAT3, which is helpful to predict and to avoid potential OAT1- and OAT3-mediated HDIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gentao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yilin Qiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Robert P Borris
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Youcai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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26
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Xu B, Li YL, Xu M, Yu CC, Lian MQ, Tang ZY, Li CX, Lin Y. Geniposide ameliorates TNBS-induced experimental colitis in rats via reducing inflammatory cytokine release and restoring impaired intestinal barrier function. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:688-698. [PMID: 28260798 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Geniposide is an iridoid glycosides purified from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, which is known to have antiinflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activities. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of geniposide on experimental rat colitis and to reveal the related mechanisms. Experimental rat colitis was induced by rectal administration of a TNBS solution. The rats were treated with geniposide (25, 50 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig) or with sulfasalazine (SASP, 100 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig) as positive control for 14 consecutive days. A Caco-2 cell monolayer exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was used as an epithelial barrier dysfunction model. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was measured to evaluate intestinal barrier function. In rats with TNBS-induced colitis, administration of geniposide or SASP significantly increased the TNBS-decreased body weight and ameliorated TNBS-induced experimental colitis and related symptoms. Geniposide or SASP suppressed inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) release and neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase activity) in the colon. In Caco-2 cells, geniposide (25-100 μg/mL) ameliorated LPS-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction via dose-dependently increasing transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). The results from both in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that geniposide down-regulated NF-κB, COX-2, iNOS and MLCK protein expression, up-regulated the expression of tight junction proteins (occludin and ZO-1), and facilitated AMPK phosphorylation. Both AMPK siRNA transfection and AMPK overexpression abrogated the geniposide-reduced MLCK protein expression, suggesting that geniposide ameliorated barrier dysfunction via AMPK-mediated inhibition of the MLCK pathway. In conclusion, geniposide ameliorated TNBS-induced experimental rat colitis by both reducing inflammation and modulating the disrupted epithelial barrier function via activating the AMPK signaling pathway.
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