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Nwokocha C, Palacios J, Ojukwu VE, Nna VU, Owu DU, Nwokocha M, McGrowder D, Orie NN. Oxidant-induced disruption of vascular K + channel function: implications for diabetic vasculopathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:361-372. [PMID: 35757993 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2090578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes in humans a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia, it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, disruptions to metabolism and vascular functions. It is also linked to oxidative stress and its complications. Its role in vascular dysfunctions is generally reported without detailed impact on the molecular mechanisms. Potassium ion channel (K+ channels) are key regulators of vascular tone, and as membrane proteins, are modifiable by oxidant stress associated with diabetes. This review manuscript examined the impact of oxidant stress on vascular K+ channel functions in diabetes, its implication in vascular complications and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Palacios
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Arturo Prat University, Iquique, Chile
| | - Victoria E Ojukwu
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Victor Udo Nna
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Udofia Owu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Donovan McGrowder
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Nelson N Orie
- Centre of Metabolism and Inflammation, University College London, London, UK
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Palacios J, Asunción-Alvarez D, Aravena D, Chiong M, Catalán MA, Parra C, Cifuentes F, Paredes A. A new oxime synthesized from Senecio nutans SCh. Bip (chachacoma) reduces calcium influx in the vascular contractile response in rat aorta. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9933-9942. [PMID: 38528924 PMCID: PMC10962255 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01058b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Senecio nutans Sch. Bip is an endemic plant commonly employed in the Andes culture to counteract the effects of mountain sickness, and its bioactive molecules could provide new drugs for treating hypertension. The purpose was to determine whether the vascular response of the plant bioactive molecules, such as (5-acetyl-6-hydroxy-2-isopropenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurane; Sn-I), could be improved by a simple structural modification to synthesize oximes (Ox-Sn-I). We characterized both compounds using IR and NMR spectroscopy and Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence (HMQC). We investigated vascular relaxation mechanisms in response to Sn-I and Ox-Sn-I using rat aorta and vascular smooth muscle cells (A7r5) as experimental models. Preincubation of aortic rings with Sn-I (10-5 M) significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the contractile effect in response to phenylephrine (PE) and potassium chloride (KCl). The sensitivity (EC50) to PE significantly (p < 0.01) decreased in the presence of Sn-I (10-5 M), but not with Ox-Sn-I. Sn-I significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the PE-induced contraction under calcium-free conditions. When A7r5 cells were preincubated with Sn-I and Ox-Sn-I (10-5 M), both compounds blunted the increase in intracellular Ca2+ induced by KCl. 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurane derived from S. nutans (Sn-I) reduces the contractile response probably by blocking Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) in vascular smooth cells. This effect also causes relaxation in rat aorta mediated by reduction of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, rather than an increase of NO generation in endothelial vascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Iquique 1110939 Chile
| | - Daniel Asunción-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Iquique 1110939 Chile
| | - Diego Aravena
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Iquique 1110939 Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas Santiago Chile
| | - Marcelo A Catalán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia 5090000 Chile
| | - Claudio Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción Edmundo Larenas 129 Concepción 4070371 Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta Antofagasta 1271155 Chile
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta Antofagasta 1271155 Chile
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Parra C, Muñoz-Torres P, Escobar H, Simirgiotis MJ, Contreras-Contreras G, Ruiz-Fernández Á, Maulen C, Martínez-Cifuentes M, Mariotti-Celis MS. Effect of In Vitro Micropropagation on the Chemical, Antioxidant, and Biological Characteristics of Senecio nutans Sch. Bip., an Endemic Plant of the Atacama Desert Andean Region. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:755. [PMID: 38592747 PMCID: PMC10976176 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The species Senecio nutans Sch. Bip., commonly called "chachacoma", is widely used as a medicinal plant by the Andean communities of Northern Chile. Ethanolic extracts of S. nutans and the main compound, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) acetophenone, have shown interesting biological activity. However, due to the high-altitude areas where this species is found, access to S. nutans is very limited. Due to the latter, in this work, we carried out micropropagation in vitro and ex vitro adaptation techniques as an alternative for the massive multiplication, conservation, and in vitro production of high-value metabolites from this plant. The micropropagation and ex vitro adaptation techniques were successfully employed, and UHPLC-DAD analysis revealed no significant changes in the phenolic profile, with acetophenone 4 being the most abundant metabolite, whose antioxidant and antibacterial activity was studied. Independently of the applied culture condition, the ethanolic extracts of S. nutans presented high activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, demonstrating their antimicrobial capacity. This successful initiation of in vitro and ex vitro cultures provides a biotechnological approach for the conservation of S. nutans and ensures a reliable and consistent source of acetophenone 4 as a potential raw material for pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070371, Chile;
| | - Patricio Muñoz-Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (P.M.-T.); (H.E.)
| | - Hugo Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (P.M.-T.); (H.E.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Farmacia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
| | | | | | - Cristian Maulen
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070371, Chile;
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Li L, Lin L, Wen B, Zhao PC, Liu DS, Pang GM, Wang ZR, Tan Y, Lu C. Promising Natural Medicines for the Treatment of High-Altitude Illness. High Alt Med Biol 2023; 24:175-185. [PMID: 37504973 PMCID: PMC10516238 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2022.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Li Li, Lin Lin, Bo Wen, Peng-cheng Zhao, Da-sheng Liu, Guo-ming Pang, Zi-rong Wang, Yong Tan, and Cheng Lu. Promising natural medicines for the treatment of high-altitude illness. High Alt Med Biol. 24:175-185, 2023.-High-altitude illness (HAI) is a dangerous disease characterized by oxidative stress, inflammatory damage and hemodynamic changes in the body that can lead to severe damage to the lungs, heart, and brain. Natural medicines are widely known for their multiple active ingredients and pharmacological effects, which may be important in the treatment of HAI. In this review, we outline the specific types of HAI and the underlying pathological mechanisms and summarize the currently documented natural medicines applied in the treatment of acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema, high-altitude pulmonary edema, chronic mountain sickness, and high-altitude pulmonary hypertension. Their sources, types, and medicinal sites are summarized, and their active ingredients, pharmacological effects, related mechanisms, and potential toxicity are discussed. In conclusion, natural medicines, as an acceptable complementary and alternative strategy with fewer side effects and more long-term application, can provide a reference for developing more natural antialtitude sickness medicines in the future and have good application prospects in HAI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wen
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-cheng Zhao
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Da-sheng Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-ming Pang
- Kaifeng Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zi-rong Wang
- Logistics Support Division, National Immigration Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ramos LC, Palacios J, Barrientos RE, Gómez J, Castagnini JM, Barba FJ, Tapia A, Paredes A, Cifuentes F, Simirgiotis MJ. UHPLC-MS Phenolic Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Azara dentata Ruiz & Pav Berries. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030643. [PMID: 36766170 PMCID: PMC9914855 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Azara dentata Ruiz & Pav. is a small Chilean native plant from Patagonia, a producer of small white reddish berries. For the first time, the proximal analysis of the fruits, phenolic fingerprinting, the antioxidant activity, and the enzymatic inhibition and relaxation effects in rat aorta induced by the ethanolic extract of these fruits were investigated. The proximal composition and the mineral (Ca: 2434 ± 40 mg/kg; Mg: 702 ± 13 mg/kg; Fe: 117.1 ± 1.6 mg/kg; Zn: 16.1 ± 0.4 mg/kg) and heavy metal (As: 121 ± 11 µg/kg; Cd: 152 ± 5 µg/kg; Hg: 7.7 ± 1.3 µg/kg; Pb 294 ± 4 µg/kg) contents were analyzed. Anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and coumarins were identified using UHPLC-PDA-QTOF-MS. The ethanolic extracts showed a total phenolic content of 23.50 ± 0.93 mg GAE/g extract. In addition, the antioxidant activity was assessed using both DPPH and TEAC (28.64 ± 1.87 and 34.72 ± 2.33 mg Trolox/g of dry fruit, respectively), FRAP (25.32 ± 0.23 mg Trolox equivalent/g dry fruit), and ORAC (64.95 ± 1.23 mg Trolox equivalents/g dry fruit). The inhibition of enzymatic activities (acetylcholinesterase IC50: 2.87 + 0.23 µg extract/mL, butyrylcholinesterase IC50: 6.73 + 0.07 µg extract/mL, amylase IC50: 5.6 ± 0.0 µg extract/mL, lipase IC50: 30.8 ± 0.0 µg extract/mL, and tyrosinase IC50: 9.25 ± 0.15 µg extract/mL) was also assessed. The extract showed 50-60% relaxation in rat aorta (intact), mediated thorough the release of endothelial nitric oxide. Our results suggest that A. dentata is a good source of compounds with the capacity to inhibit important enzymes, can be hypotensive, and can thus have good potentiality as supplements in the amelioration of neurodegenerative diseases and could also have potential to be used to develop new functional foods. The study highlights the benefits of these neglected small fruits and could boost their consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cuesta Ramos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Ruth E. Barrientos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Jessica Gómez
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Castagnini
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.C.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.M.C.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
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Palacios J, Paredes A, Cifuentes F, Catalán MA, García-Villalón AL, Borquez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Jones M, Foster A, Greensmith DJ. A hydroalcoholic extract of Senecio nutans SCh. Bip (Asteraceae); its effects on cardiac function and chemical characterization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115747. [PMID: 36152785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE The plant Senecio nutans SCh. Bip. is used by Andean communities to treat altitude sickness. Recent evidence suggests it may produce vasodilation and negative cardiac inotropy, though the cellular mechanisms have not been elucidated. PURPOSE To determinate the mechanisms action of S. nutans on cardiovascular function in normotensive animals. METHODS The effect of the extract on rat blood pressure was measured with a transducer in the carotid artery and intraventricular pressure by a Langendorff system. The effects on sheep ventricular intracellular calcium handling and contractility were evaluated using photometry. Ultra-high-performance liquid-chromatography with diode array detection coupled with heated electrospray-ionization quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometric detection (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-OT-MSn) was used for extract chemical characterization. RESULTS In normotensive rats, S. nutans (10 mg/kg) reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 40% (p < 0.05), causing a dose-dependent coronary artery dilation and decreased left ventricular pressure. In isolated cells, S. nutans extract (1 μg/ml) rapidly reduced the [Ca2+]i transient amplitude and sarcomere shorting by 40 and 49% (p < 0.001), respectively. The amplitude of the caffeine evoked [Ca2+]i transient was reduced by 24% (p < 0.001), indicating reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content. Sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) activity increased by 17% (p < 0.05), while sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity was decreased by 21% (p < 0.05). LC-MS results showed the presence of vitamin C, malic acid, and several antioxidant phenolic acids reported for the first time. Dihydroeuparin and 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl) acetophenone were abundant in the extract. CONCLUSION In normotensive animals, S. nutans partially reduces MAP by decreasing heart rate and cardiac contractility. This negative inotropy is accounted for by decreased SERCA activity and increased NCX activity which reduces SR Ca2+ content. These results highlight the plant's potential as a source of novel cardio-active phytopharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, 1110939, Chile.
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile; Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile.
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile; Departamento de Biomédico, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile.
| | - Marcelo A Catalán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile.
| | | | - Jorge Borquez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile.
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile.
| | - Matthew Jones
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom.
| | - Amy Foster
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom.
| | - David J Greensmith
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom.
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Novel Oxime Synthesized from a Natural Product of Senecio nutans SCh. Bip. (Asteraceae) Enhances Vascular Relaxation in Rats by an Endothelium-Independent Mechanism. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103333. [PMID: 35630811 PMCID: PMC9146311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Senecio nutans Sch. Bip. and its constituents are reported to have antihypertensive effects. We isolated metabolite−1, a natural compound from S. nutans (4-hydroxy-3-(isopenten-2-yl)-acetophenone), and synthesized novel oxime − 1 (4-hydroxy-3-(isopenten-2-yl)-acetophenoxime) to evaluate their effect on vascular reactivity. Compounds were purified (metabolite−1) or synthetized (oxime−1) and characterized using IR and NMR spectroscopy and Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence (HMQC). Using pharmacological agents such as phenylephrine (PE) and KCl (enhancing contraction), acetylcholine (ACh), L-NAME (nitric oxide (NO) and endothelial function), Bay K8644-induced CaV1.2 channel (calcium channel modulator), and isolated aortic rings in an organ bath setup, the possible mechanisms of vascular action were determined. Pre-incubation of aortic rings with 10−5 M oxime−1 significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the contractile response to 30 mM KCl. EC50 to KCl significantly (p < 0.01) increased in the presence of oxime−1 (37.72 ± 2.10 mM) compared to that obtained under control conditions (22.37 ± 1.40 mM). Oxime−1 significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the contractile response to different concentrations of PE (10−7 to 10−5 M) by a mechanism that decreases Cav1.2-mediated Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space and reduces Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. At a submaximal concentration (10−5 M), oxime−1 caused a significant relaxation in rat aorta even without vascular endothelium or after pre-incubate the tissue with L-NAME. Oxime−1 decreases the contractile response to PE by blunting the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores and blocking of Ca2+ influx by channels. Metabolite−1 reduces the contractile response to KCl, apparently by reducing the plasma membrane depolarization and Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space. These acetophenone derivates from S. nutans (metabolite−1 and oxime−1) cause vasorelaxation through pathways involving an increase of the endothelial NO generation or a higher bioavailability, further highlighting that structural modification of naturally occurring metabolites can enhance their intended pharmacological functions.
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Tang F, Yan HL, Wang LX, Xu JF, Peng C, Ao H, Tan YZ. Review of Natural Resources With Vasodilation: Traditional Medicinal Plants, Natural Products, and Their Mechanism and Clinical Efficacy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:627458. [PMID: 33867985 PMCID: PMC8048554 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, chronic diseases including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) have plagued the world. Meanwhile, we have noticed a close association between CCVDs and vascular lesions, such as hypertension. More focus has been placed on TMPs and natural products with vasodilation and hypotension. TMPs with vasodilatory and hypotensive activities are mainly from Compositae, Lamiaceae, and Orchidaceae (such as V. amygdalina Del., T. procuinbens L., M. glomerata Spreng., K. galanga L., etc.) whereas natural products eliciting vasorelaxant potentials were primarily from flavonoids, phenolic acids and alkaloids (such as apigenin, puerarin, curcumin, sinomenine, etc.). Furthermore, the data analysis showed that the vasodilatory function of TMPs was mainly concerned with the activation of eNOS, while the natural products were primarily correlated with the blockage of calcium channel. Thus, TMPs will be used as alternative drugs and nutritional supplements, while natural products will be considered as potential therapies for CCVDs in the future. This study provides comprehensive and valuable references for the prevention and treatment of hypertension and CCVDs and sheds light on the further studies in this regard. However, since most studies are in vitro and preclinical, there is a need for more in-depth researches and clinical trials to understand the potential of these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Ling Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Ao
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Secondary Metabolites of Plants as Modulators of Endothelium Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052533. [PMID: 33802468 PMCID: PMC7959468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide. They may be caused by various factors or combinations of factors. Frequently, endothelial dysfunction is involved in either development of the disorder or results from it. On the other hand, the endothelium may be disordered for other reasons, e.g., due to infection, such as COVID-19. The understanding of the role and significance of the endothelium in the body has changed significantly over time—from a simple physical barrier to a complex system encompassing local and systemic regulation of numerous processes in the body. Endothelium disorders may arise from impairment of one or more signaling pathways affecting dilator or constrictor activity, including nitric oxide–cyclic guanosine monophosphate activation, prostacyclin–cyclic adenosine monophosphate activation, phosphodiesterase inhibition, and potassium channel activation or intracellular calcium level inhibition. In this review, plants are summarized as sources of biologically active substances affecting the endothelium. This paper compares individual substances and mechanisms that are known to affect the endothelium, and which subsequently may cause the development of cardiovascular disorders.
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Palacios J, Benites J, Owen GI, Morales P, Chiong M, Nwokocha CR, Paredes A, Cifuentes F. Impact of the Potential Antitumor Agent 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) Amino-1,4-Naphthoquinone (Q7) on Vasomotion Is Mediated by the Vascular Endothelium, But Not Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Metabolism. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:245-252. [PMID: 33105322 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Vasomotion is defined as rhythmic oscillations in arterial diameter that regulate the blood flow and blood pressure. Because antitumor treatment may impair vascular functions and increase the blood pressure, we sought to evaluate whether a new naphthoquinone derivative, postulated as an antitumor agent, manifests adverse effects on vascular function. In this article, we evaluated the toxicity of 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) amino-1,4-naphthoquinone (Q7) and its effects on vascular vasomotion in 3 models of vascular structure: endothelial cells, aortic ring, and smooth muscle cells. Although showing nontoxic effects, Q7 inhibited the formation of capillary-like structures of the EA.hy926 endothelial cell line grown on Matrigel. In exvivo experiments with aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine (PE, 10-6 M), Q7 (10-5 M) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced vascular rhythmic contractions induced by the acetylcholine (ACh; 10-7-10-5 M), whereas sodium nitroprusside (a nitric oxide donor; 10-8 M) recovered the vasomotion. Furthermore, Q7 (10-5 M) did not decrease KCl-induced vascular rhythmic contractions in the aortic rings precontracted with BaCl2 (a nonselective K+ channel blocker; 10-3 M). Vascular smooth muscle cells (A7r5) preincubated with Q7 (10-5 M) for 3 hours also demonstrated a reduced glucose uptake. However, the Adenosine Triphosphate content was unaffected, suggesting that the rapid reduction in vasomotion observed in vascular reactivity experiments did not involve cellular metabolism but may be due to faster mechanisms involving endothelial nitric oxide and K+ channels leading to oscillations in intracellular Ca2+. In summary, the naphthoquinone derivative Q7 presents low cytotoxicity yet may alter the endothelial cell response and vasomotion in the absence of changes in smooth muscle cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Palacios
- Departamento de Química y Farmacia, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Julio Benites
- Departamento de Química y Farmacia, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Gareth I Owen
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, ACCDiS, CEMC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, ACCDiS, CEMC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, ACCDiS, CEMC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Physiology Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile; and
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
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11
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Nwokocha CR, Gordon A, Palacios J, Paredes A, Cifuentes F, Francis S, Watson J, Delgoda R, Nwokocha M, Alexander-Lindo R, Thompson R, Minott-Kates D, Yakubu MA. Hypotensive and antihypertensive effects of an aqueous extract from Guinep fruit (Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq) in rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18623. [PMID: 33122667 PMCID: PMC7596469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75607-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq (Mb) has been reported to have cardiovascular modulatory effects. In this study, we evaluated the antihypertensive effects and mechanism of action of Mb on NG-Nitro-l-arginine Methyl Ester (l-NAME) and Deoxycorticosterone Acetate (DOCA) rat models. Aqueous extract of Mb fruit (100 mg/kg) was administered for 6 weeks to rats by gavage and blood pressure was recorded. Effects of the extract on vascular reactivity was evaluated using isolated organ baths, and tissues were collected for biochemical and histological analysis. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced with extract (100 mg/kg) administration and treatment compared to the hypertensive models. Mb (100 µg/mL) reduced the vascular contractility induced by phenylephrine (PE), and caused a dose-dependent relaxation of PE-induced contraction of aortic vascular rings. The vasorelaxation properties seemed to be endothelium dependent, as well as nitric oxide (NO) and guanylyl cyclase, but not prostaglandin dependent. Histomicrograph of transverse sections of the ventricles from the Mb group did not show abnormalities. The extract significantly (P < 0.05) reduced an l-NAME induced elevation of cardiac output and Creatine Kinase Muscle-Brain (CKMB), but had no significant impact on the activities of arylamine N-acetyltransferase. In conclusion, Mb significantly decreased blood pressure in hypertensive models. The extract possesses the ability to induce endothelium dependent vasodilation, which is dependent on guanylyl cyclase but not prostaglandins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
| | - Alexia Gordon
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Departamento Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, 1110939, Iquique, Chile.
| | - Adrian Paredes
- Departamento Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, 1271155, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, 1270300, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Sheena Francis
- Natural Products Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - JeAnn Watson
- Natural Products Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Rupika Delgoda
- Natural Products Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Ruby Alexander-Lindo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Rory Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Donna Minott-Kates
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Momoh A Yakubu
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
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Barrientos RE, Simirgiotis MJ, Palacios J, Paredes A, Bórquez J, Bravo A, Cifuentes F. Chemical Fingerprinting, Isolation and Characterization of Polyphenol Compounds from Heliotropium taltalense (Phil.) I.M. Johnst and Its Endothelium-Dependent Vascular Relaxation Effect in Rat Aorta. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143105. [PMID: 32650373 PMCID: PMC7397318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heliotropium taltalense is an endemic species of the northern coast of Chile and is used as folk medicine. The polyphenolic composition of the methanolic and aqueous extract of the endemic Chilean species was investigated using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Heated Electrospray Ionization and Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-HESI-MS). Fifty-three compounds were detected, mainly derivatives of benzoic acid, flavonoids, and some phenolic acids. Furthermore, five major compounds were isolated by column chromatography from the extract, including four flavonoids and one geranyl benzoic acid derivative, which showed vascular relaxation and were in part responsible for the activity of the extracts. Since aqueous extract of H. taltalense (83% ± 9%, 100 μg/mL) produced vascular relaxation through an endothelium-dependent mechanism in rat aorta, and the compounds rhamnocitrin (89% ± 7%; 10−4 M) and sakuranetin (80% ± 6%; 10−4 M) also caused vascular relaxation similar to the extracts of H. taltalense, these pure compounds are, to some extent, responsible for the vascular relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E. Barrientos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Correspondence: or (M.J.S.); (J.P.); Tel.: +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.); +56-57-2526910 (J.P.)
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Correspondence: or (M.J.S.); (J.P.); Tel.: +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.); +56-57-2526910 (J.P.)
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (A.P.); (J.B.)
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (A.P.); (J.B.)
| | - Alejandra Bravo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (A.B.); (F.C.)
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13
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Cifuentes F, Palacios J, R. Nwokocha C, Bórquez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Norambuena I, Chiong M, Paredes A. Polyphenolic Composition and Hypotensive Effects of Parastrephia quadrangularis (Meyen) Cabrera in Rat. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120591. [PMID: 31783548 PMCID: PMC6943605 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parastrephia quadrangularis (Pq), commonly called "Tola", is widely used in folk medicine in the Andes, including for altitude sickness. In this study, polyphenolic composition was determined, and hypotensive effects were measured; the ethnopharmacological use as hypotensive was related to the presence of phenolic compounds. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 to 8 weeks of age, 160 to 190 g) were fed Pq extract (10 to 40 mg/kg) for 10 days through gavage. Blood pressures and heart rate were significantly (p < 0.01) reduced in normotensive rats receiving Pq extract (40 mg/kg body weight). Pq extract induced a negative inotropic effect, and endothelium-dependent vasodilation mediated by nitric oxide (NO). Furthermore, preincubation with Pq extract significantly decreased the cytosolic calcium on vascular smooth muscle cells A7r5 in response to L-phenylephrine (PE). Seven metabolites were isolated from the Pq extract, but three flavonoids (10-4 M) showed similar vasodilation to the extract in intact rat aorta as follows: 5,3',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (2); 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-7,8,3'-trimethoxyflavone (6); and 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,7,8,3'-tetramethoxyflavone (7). The Pq extract and compounds 2 and 7 significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the contraction to Bay K8644 (10 nM, an agonist of CaV1.2 channels). Administration of Pq decreased cardiac contractility and increased endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, 1270300 Antofagasta, Chile;
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, 1110939 Iquique, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (A.P.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (J.P.); +56-55-2513507 (A.P.)
| | - Chukwuemeka R. Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Physiology Section), Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Antofagasta, 1270300 Antofagasta, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Ignacio Norambuena
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), CEMC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (I.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), CEMC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (I.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, 1270300 Antofagasta, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (A.P.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (J.P.); +56-55-2513507 (A.P.)
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14
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Cifuentes F, Palacios J, Kuzmicic J, Carvajal L, Muñoz F, Quispe C, Nwokocha CR, Morales G, Norambuena-Soto I, Chiong M, Paredes A. Vasodilator and hypotensive effects of pure compounds and hydroalcoholic extract of Xenophyllum poposum (Phil) V.A Funk (Compositae) on rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 50:99-108. [PMID: 30466997 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xenophyllum poposum is an endemic species of the Andes Cordillera, popularly known as Popusa. Popusa is widely used by mountain communities as a folk medicine to treat altitude sickness and hypertension. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate the hypotensive effects and vascular reactivity of Popusa extracts and its pure isolated compounds. METHODS Hydroalcoholic extract of Xenophyllum poposum (HAE X. poposum; 40 mg/kg dose) were administered to rats by gavage and mean arterial pressures were recorded. Organ bath studies were conducted in endothelium-intact and denuded rings, and the vascular reactivity of the HAE X. poposum extract and its isolated compounds were compared and analysed. Cytosolic Ca2+ was measured in vascular smooth muscle cell line A7r5 using Fura2-AM. RESULTS HAE X. poposum significantly reduced the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive rats chronically treated with the extract, as well as mice acutely treated with the extract. A negative chronotropic effect was observed in the isolated rat heart. HAE X. poposum induced endothelial vasodilation mediated by nitric oxide (NO), reduced the contractile response to PE, and decreased PE-induced intracellular Ca2+ influx in vascular smooth muscle cells. Pure compounds isolated from HAE X. poposum such as 4‑hydroxy‑3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) acetophenone, 5-acetyl-6‑hydroxy‑2-isopropenyl-2, and 3-dihydrobenzofurane (dihydroeuparin) also triggered endothelium-dependent vasodilation. CONCLUSION HAE X. poposum decreases blood pressure, heart rate and vascular response. The vasodilation properties of HAE X. poposum extract and its isolated compounds may act through the endothelial nitric oxide synthase, as well as calcium channel blocker mechanisms. The results of the present study provide the first qualitative analysis that supports the use of X. poposum in traditional folk medicine for the treatment of altitude sickness and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Instituto de EtnoFarmacologia (IDE), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat Chacón, 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile.
| | - Jovan Kuzmicic
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Lorena Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Fernanda Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Instituto de EtnoFarmacologia (IDE), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat Chacón, 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Physiology Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Glauco Morales
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Ignacio Norambuena-Soto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, CEMC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, CEMC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
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Mezache N, Derbré S, Laouer H, Richomme P, Séraphin D, Akkal S. Senecipyrrolidine, an unusual pyrrolidine alkaloid isolated from Jacobaea gigantea (Desf.) Pelser (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:2182-2191. [PMID: 30375240 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1493584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids and phenolic compounds are among the most biologically active natural products from the Jacobaea/Senecio genera (Asteraceae). To isolate original natural products directly from Jacobaea gigantea crude polar extracts, centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) was used. Previously, we reported the phytochemical study of J. gigantea (syn. Senecio giganteus) n-butanol extract using various classical chromatographical techniques combined with CPC. Herein major constituents from the J. gigantea crude ethyl acetate extract and further compounds from the n-butanol extract were purified in only one step using this technique. A new pyrrolidine alkaloid, named senecipyrrolidine was isolated along with thirteen known compounds - chiro-inositol, three phenolic acids, six flavonoids, two quinones and emiline, another pyrrolidine alkaloid - from crude n-butanol or ethyl acetate extracts. Pyrrolidine alkaloids were isolated for the first time in the Jacobaea/Senecio genera and were probably biogenetically related to the two isolated quinones derivatives jacaranone and 3a-hydroxy-3,3a,7,7a-tetrahydrobenzofuran-2,6-dione, isolated in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadjet Mezache
- a Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences , UFA Sétif , Sétif , Algérie
| | - Séverine Derbré
- b EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV , UNIV Angers, Université d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - Hocine Laouer
- c Laboratoire de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles Biologiques, Département de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie , UFA Sétif , Sétif , Algérie
| | - Pascal Richomme
- b EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV , UNIV Angers, Université d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - Denis Séraphin
- b EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV , UNIV Angers, Université d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - Salah Akkal
- d Département de Chimie, VARENBIOMOL, Faculté des Sciences Exactes , Université de Constantine 1 , Constantine , Algérie
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Ascorbate Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Increased Blood Pressure Induced by 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) Amino-1,4-naphthoquinone in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8989676. [PMID: 30147836 PMCID: PMC6083601 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8989676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Quinone derivatives like 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) amino-1,4-naphthoquinone (Q7) are used as antitumor agents usually associated with adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of ascorbate on Q7-induced cardiovascular response in Wistar rats. In this study, blood pressure, vascular reactivity, and intracellular calcium fluxes were evaluated in cardiomyocytes and the rat aorta. We also measured oxidative stress through lipid peroxidation (TBARS), superoxide dismutase- (SOD-) like activity, and H2O2 generation. Oral treatment of rats with ascorbate (500 mg/kg) for 20 days significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the Q7-induced increase (10 mg/kg) in blood pressure and heart rate. The preincubation with ascorbate (2 mM) significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the irregular beating of the atrium induced by Q7 (10−5 M). In addition, ascorbate induced endothelial vasodilation in the presence of Q7 in the intact aortic rings of a rat and reduced the cytosolic calcium levels in vascular smooth muscle cells. Ascorbate also reduced the Q7-induced oxidative stress in vivo. Ascorbate also attenuated Q7-induced SOD-like activity and increased TBARS levels. These results suggest a cardioprotective effect in vivo of ascorbate in animals treated orally with a naphthoquinone derivative by a mechanism involving oxidative stress.
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Wang YM, Zhao JQ, Yang JL, Tao YD, Mei LJ, Shi YP. Chemical constituents from Ligularia purdomii (Turrill) Chittenden. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Crystal structure of 1α,11-dihydroxyeremophil-9-en-8-one, C 15H 24O 3. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2016-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C15H24O3, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.5352(2) Å, b = 10.6639(3) Å, c = 17.5406(5) Å, V = 1409.47(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0315, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0838, T = 293 K.
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