1
|
Guillen E, Terrones H, de Terrones TC, Simirgiotis MJ, Hájek J, Cheel J, Sepulveda B, Areche C. Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Secondary Metabolites Using Ethyl Lactate Green Solvent from Ambrosia arborescens: LC/ESI-MS/MS and Antioxidant Activity. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:1213. [PMID: 38732429 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Alternative solvents are being tested as green solvents to replace the traditional organic solvents used in both academy and industry. Some of these are already available, such as ethyl lactate, cyrene, limonene, glycerol, and others. This alternative explores eco-friendly processes for extracting secondary metabolites from nature, thus increasing the number of unconventional extraction methods with lower environmental impact over conventional methods. In this context, the Peruvian Ambrosia arborescens was our model while exploring a microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) approach over maceration. The objective of this study was to perform a phytochemical study including UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS and the antioxidant activity of Ambrosia arborescens, using sustainable strategies by mixing both microwaves and ethyl lactate as a green solvent. The results showed that ethyl lactate/MAE (15.07%) achieved a higher extraction yield than methanol/maceration (12.6%). In the case of the isolation of psilostachyin, it was similar to ethyl lactate (0.44%) when compared to methanol (0.40%). Regarding UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS studies, the results were similar. Twenty-eight compounds were identified in the ethyl lactate/MAE and methanol/maceration extracts, except for the tentative identification of two additional amino acids (peaks 4 and 6) in the MeOH extract. In relation to the antioxidant assay, the activity of the ethyl lactate extract was a little higher than the methanol extract in terms of ORAC (715.38 ± 3.2) and DPPH (263.04 ± 2.8). This study on A. arborescens demonstrated that the unconventional techniques, such as MAE related to ethyl lactate, could replace maceration/MeOH for the extraction and isolation of metabolites from diverse sources. This finding showed the potential of unconventional methods with green solvents to provide eco-friendly methods based on green chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Guillen
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa 68513, Peru
| | - Hector Terrones
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa 68513, Peru
| | - Teresa Cano de Terrones
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa 68513, Peru
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Jan Hájek
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology, Centre ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický Mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - José Cheel
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology, Centre ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický Mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Beatriz Sepulveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cifuentes F, Palacios J, Asunción-Alvarez D, de Albuquerque RDG, Simirgiotis MJ, Paredes A, Nwokocha CR, Orfali R, Perveen S. Correction to: Chemical Characterization of Phoenix dactylifera L. Seeds and their Beneficial Effects on the Vascular Response in Hypertensive Rats. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2024:10.1007/s11130-024-01165-y. [PMID: 38507170 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Fredi Cifuentes
- Departamento Biomédico, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile
- Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, 1110939, Iquique, Chile.
| | - Daniel Asunción-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, 1110939, Iquique, Chile
| | | | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valaffiliationia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1270300, Chile
- Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile
| | - Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Physiology Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parra C, Muñoz-Torres P, Escobar H, Simirgiotis MJ, Contreras-Contreras G, Ruiz-Fernández Á, Maulen C, Martínez-Cifuentes M, Mariotti-Celis MS. Effect of In Vitro Micropropagation on the Chemical, Antioxidant, and Biological Characteristics of Senecio nutans Sch. Bip., an Endemic Plant of the Atacama Desert Andean Region. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:755. [PMID: 38592747 PMCID: PMC10976176 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The species Senecio nutans Sch. Bip., commonly called "chachacoma", is widely used as a medicinal plant by the Andean communities of Northern Chile. Ethanolic extracts of S. nutans and the main compound, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) acetophenone, have shown interesting biological activity. However, due to the high-altitude areas where this species is found, access to S. nutans is very limited. Due to the latter, in this work, we carried out micropropagation in vitro and ex vitro adaptation techniques as an alternative for the massive multiplication, conservation, and in vitro production of high-value metabolites from this plant. The micropropagation and ex vitro adaptation techniques were successfully employed, and UHPLC-DAD analysis revealed no significant changes in the phenolic profile, with acetophenone 4 being the most abundant metabolite, whose antioxidant and antibacterial activity was studied. Independently of the applied culture condition, the ethanolic extracts of S. nutans presented high activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, demonstrating their antimicrobial capacity. This successful initiation of in vitro and ex vitro cultures provides a biotechnological approach for the conservation of S. nutans and ensures a reliable and consistent source of acetophenone 4 as a potential raw material for pharmacological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070371, Chile;
| | - Patricio Muñoz-Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (P.M.-T.); (H.E.)
| | - Hugo Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (P.M.-T.); (H.E.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Farmacia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
| | | | | | - Cristian Maulen
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070371, Chile;
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cifuentes F, Palacios J, Asunción-Alvarez D, de Albuquerque RDG, Simirgiotis MJ, Paredes A, Nwokocha CR, Orfali R, Perveen S. Chemical Characterization of Phoenix dactylifera L. Seeds and their Beneficial Effects on the Vascular Response in Hypertensive Rats. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2024:10.1007/s11130-024-01140-7. [PMID: 38358640 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Although Phoenix dactylifera dates are traditionally consumed for their health benefits, no research has been done on the vascular response in hypertensive animals. This study evaluated the vascular relaxation of hydroalcoholic extracts from seeds of three varieties of P. dactylifera; Sukkari seed (SS), Ajwa seed (AS), and Mabroom seed (MS) on L-NAME-induced hypertension and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Results showed that all extracts (10 µg/mL) caused relaxations higher than 60% in the aortic rings precontracted with 10- 6 M phenylephrine in normotensive rats, the SS extract was the most potent. Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) pathway is involved as significantly reduced vascular relaxation in denuded-endothelium rat aorta and with an inhibitor (10- 4 M L-Nω-Nitro arginine methyl ester; L-NAME) of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Confocal microscopy confirmed that 10 µg/mL SS extract increases NO generation as detected by DAF-FM fluorescence in intact aortic rings. Consistent with these findings, vascular relaxation in intact aortic rings at 10 µg/mL SS extract was significantly decreased in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats (endothelial dysfunction model), but not in SHR. In both hypertensive models, the denuded endothelium blunted the vascular relaxation. In conclusion, the hydroalcoholic extract of the seed of P. dactylifera (Sukkari, Ajwa and Mabroom varieties) presents a potent endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation, via NO, in normotensive rats as well as in two different models of hypertension. This effect could be mediated by the presence of phenolic compounds identified by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS, such as protocatechuic acid, and caftaric acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredi Cifuentes
- Departamento Biomédico, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile
- Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, 1110939, Chile.
| | - Daniel Asunción-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, 1110939, Chile
| | | | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valaffiliationia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1270300, Chile
- Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile
| | - Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Physiology Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rey M, Kruse MS, Gómez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Tapia A, Coirini H. Ultra-High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Tessaria absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae) and Antioxidant and Hypocholesterolemic Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:50. [PMID: 38247475 PMCID: PMC10812689 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported the chemical profile and the hypocholesterolemic effects of a decoction of Tessaria absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae). In this study, we evaluated a methanolic extract (METa) instead. Metabolite profiling was conducted using ultra-high-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS), identifying thirty compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, fatty acids, and phorbolesters. Antioxidant properties were assessed through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and inhibition of lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes (ILP) assays, exhibiting robust antioxidant activity. The in vivo impact of METa on serum lipid parameters and liver X receptors (LXRs) was evaluated in a hypercholesterolemic animal model. After 14 days on a high-fat diet, male rats received either a vehicle (V) or METa100, METa200 or METa500 (100; 200 and 500 mg METa/kg animal, respectively) for an additional two weeks. METa500 reduced total cholesterol levels (17.62%; p < 0.05) and all doses increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (METa100: 86.27%; METa200: 48.37%, and METa500: 29.42%; p < 0.0001). However, METa did not alter LXRs expression. The observed antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic properties of METa may be linked to the presence of six di-caffeoylquinic acids. These findings underscore T. absinthioides as a potential candidate for the treatment of metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Rey
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina;
| | - María Sol Kruse
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina;
| | - Jessica Gómez
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), San Juan J5400ARL, Argentina; (J.G.); (A.T.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), San Juan J5400ARL, Argentina; (J.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Héctor Coirini
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Manrique S, Gómez J, Piñeiro M, Sampietro BA, Peschiutta ML, Tapia A, Simirgiotis MJ, Lima B. Zuccagnia punctata Cav., a Potential Environmentally Friendly and Sustainable Bionematicide for the Control of Argentinean Horticultural Crops. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:4104. [PMID: 38140431 PMCID: PMC10747203 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This research was designed to investigate the metabolite profiling, phenolics, and flavonoids content as well as the potential nematicidal properties of decoction (ZpDe), orange-yellow resin (ZpRe) and essential oil (ZpEO) from Argentinean medicinal plant Zuccagnia punctata Cav. Additionally, the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of ZpDe and ZpEO were determined. Metabolite profiling was obtained by an ultrahigh-resolution liquid chromatography MS analysis (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/OT-MS-MS) and GCMS. The nematicidal activity was assayed by a standardized method against Meloidogyne incognita. The antioxidant properties were screened by four methods: (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity assay (TEAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes (ILP). The antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) rules. The ZpDe, ZpRe and ZpEO displayed a strong nematicidal activity with an LC50 of 0.208, 0.017 and 0.142 mg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, the ZpDe showed a strong DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 28.54 µg/mL); ILP of 87.75% at 250 µg ZpDe/mL and moderated antimicrobial activity. The ZpEO showed promising activity against a panel of yeasts Candida albicans and non-albicans (ATCC and clinically isolated) with MIC values from 750 to 1500 µg/mL. The ZpDe showed a content of phenolics and flavonoid compounds of 241 mg GAE/g and 10 mg EQ/g, respectively. Fifty phenolic compounds were identified in ZpDe by ultrahigh-resolution liquid chromatography (UHPLC-PDA- Q-TOF-MS) analysis, while forty-six phenolic compounds were identified in ZpRe by UHPLC-ESI-Q-OT-MS-MS and twenty-nine in ZpEO using a GC-MS analysis, updating the knowledge on the chemical profile of this species. The results support and standardize this medicinal plant mainly as a potential environmentally friendly and sustainable bionematicide for the control of Argentinean horticultural crops including tomatoes and peppers and as a source of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds which could be further explored and exploited for potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Manrique
- Instituto de Biotecnología—Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), San Juan J5400ARL, Argentina; (S.M.); (J.G.); (M.P.); (B.A.S.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Jessica Gómez
- Instituto de Biotecnología—Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), San Juan J5400ARL, Argentina; (S.M.); (J.G.); (M.P.); (B.A.S.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Piñeiro
- Instituto de Biotecnología—Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), San Juan J5400ARL, Argentina; (S.M.); (J.G.); (M.P.); (B.A.S.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Belén Ariza Sampietro
- Instituto de Biotecnología—Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), San Juan J5400ARL, Argentina; (S.M.); (J.G.); (M.P.); (B.A.S.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Maria L. Peschiutta
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET)—Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina;
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología—Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), San Juan J5400ARL, Argentina; (S.M.); (J.G.); (M.P.); (B.A.S.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Beatriz Lima
- Instituto de Biotecnología—Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), San Juan J5400ARL, Argentina; (S.M.); (J.G.); (M.P.); (B.A.S.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Torres-Benítez A, Ortega-Valencia JE, Jara-Pinuer N, Sanchez M, Vargas-Arana G, Gómez-Serranillos MP, Simirgiotis MJ. Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity and phytoconstituents of lichen extracts with temperate and polar distribution. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1251856. [PMID: 38026927 PMCID: PMC10646315 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1251856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to characterize the chemical composition of ethanolic extracts of the lichen species Placopsis contortuplicata, Ochrolechia frigida, and Umbilicaria antarctica, their antioxidant activity, and enzymatic inhibition through in vitro and molecular docking analysis. In total phenol content, FRAP, ORAC, and DPPH assays, the extracts showed significant antioxidant activity, and in in vitro assays for the inhibition of pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase enzymes, together with in silico studies for the prediction of pharmacokinetic properties, toxicity risks, and intermolecular interactions of compounds, the extracts evidenced inhibitory potential. A total of 13 compounds were identified by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS in P. contortuplicata, 18 compounds in O. frigida, and 12 compounds in U. antarctica. This study contributes to the knowledge of the pool of bioactive compounds present in lichens of temperate and polar distribution and biological characteristics that increase interest in the discovery of natural products that offer alternatives for treatment studies of diseases related to oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Torres-Benítez
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Nicolás Jara-Pinuer
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marta Sanchez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Vargas-Arana
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Avenue Abelardo Quiñones, Iquitos, Peru
- Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | - María Pilar Gómez-Serranillos
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barrientos RE, Romero-Parra J, Cifuentes F, Palacios J, Romero-Jola NJ, Paredes A, Vargas-Arana G, Simirgiotis MJ. Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo ( Drimys winteri J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) Fruits. Foods 2023; 12:2580. [PMID: 37444318 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Drimys winteri J.R. Forst. & G. Forst (D.C) G. Gray, var. chilensis (canelo) is an endemic tree from Chile. Since pre-Columbian times, it has produced a fruit known as the canelo pepper, (pimienta de canelo) or Foye pepper, which can be used as a spice. The chemical and biological analysis of canelo fruits is reported for the first time in this study, that is, its phenolic fingerprinting by UHPLC-PDA- Q-orbitrap MS, the antioxidant activity, the enzymatic inhibitory activity, and its relaxation effects on rat aorta. The proximal composition and the mineral content (Ca: 1.45 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Mg: 7.72 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Fe: 4.54 ± 0.21 mg/100 g; Zn: 2.99 ± 0.02 mg/100 g; Mn: 1.08 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Cu: 0.82 ± 0.02 mg/100 g; K: 53.03 ± 0.20 mg/100 g; Na: 0.087 ± 0.00 mg/100 g) are also reported. The canelo fruits showed a total phenolic content of 57.33 ± 0.82 mg GAE/g dry weight. In addition, the total flavonoid content was 38.42 ± 1.32 mg equivalent of QE/g dry weight. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by employing DPPH and ABTS methods (IC50 of 6.65 ± 0.5 and 9.5 ± 0.05 μg/mL, respectively), ORAC (25.33 ± 1.2 μmol Trolox/g dry plant) and FRAP (45.56 ± 1.32 μmol Trolox/g dry plant). The enzymatic inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase (IC50: 1.94 ± 0.07, 2.73 ± 0.05, and 9.92 ± 0.05 µg extract/mL, respectively) is also reported. Canelo extract led to an 89% relaxation of rat aorta. Our results confirm that D. winteri fruits are a rich source of secondary metabolites and can inhibit enzymes associated with neurodegenerative diseases; the results also suggest that canelo may induce a potentially hypotensive effect in rat aorta. The study demonstrates the medicinal properties of canelo fruit and spice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Barrientos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 6640022, Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
- Departamento Biomédico, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Néstor Jaime Romero-Jola
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730001, Colombia
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile
| | - Gabriel Vargas-Arana
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Avenue Abelardo Quiñones, Iquitos 16001, Peru
- Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16001, Peru
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ben EE, Beshel JA, Owu DU, Palacios J, Nwokocha M, Bórquez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Nwokocha CR. Identification of phytochemicals and assessment of hypoglycemic and haematological potentials of Terminalia catappa Linn leaf extract in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2023; 21:CHAMC-EPUB-132112. [PMID: 37246326 DOI: 10.2174/1871525721666230526152917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoglycemia and anemia are associated with diabetes mellitus. Medicinal plants and orthodox drugs have been used for the management of this disease. This study aimed to validate the ethnomedical claims of Terminalia catappa Linn. leaf extract in reducing hyperglycemia and hematological potentials in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and to identify likely antidiabetic compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography was used to identify the various phytochemical constituents. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups containing 6 rats per group. Group 1 (control) received 0.2 ml/kg of distilled water, group 2 received 130 mg/kg of T. catappa aqueous extract, groups 3-5 were diabetic and received 0.2 ml/g distilled water, 130 mg/kg T. catappa extract and 0.75 IU/kg insulin respectively for 14 days. Hematological parameters were measured and an oral glucose tolerance test was carried out using 2 g/kg body weight glucose. A histological analysis of the pancreas was done. RESULTS Twenty-five compounds identified as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, and triterpenoids were detected. The blood glucose levels were significantly (p<0.05) elevated in DM groups but were significantly (p<0.05) reduced following Terminalia catappa leaves extract to DM groups. There was s significant (p<0.05) increase in insulin levels improved hematological parameters (RBC, WBC, and platelets), and increased islet population. CONCLUSION These results suggest that T. catappa extract has hypoglycemic, insulinogenic, and hematopoietic potentials in diabetic condition and offer protection to the pancreas which could be attributed to the phytochemical constituents thereby justifying its use in traditional therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezekiel E Ben
- Department of Physiology, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria
| | - Justin A Beshel
- Department of Physiology, University of Calabar, Cross River State Nigeria
| | - Daniel U Owu
- Department of Physiology, University of Calabar, Cross River State Nigeria
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Leal M, Mercado MI, Moreno MA, Martínez Chamas JJ, Zampini IC, Ponessa GI, Simirgiotis MJ, Isla MI. Gochnatia glutinosa (D.Don) D.Don ex Hook. & Arn.: A plant with medicinal value against inflammatory disorders and infections. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15276. [PMID: 37215790 PMCID: PMC10196343 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gochnatia glutinosa is a shrub that grown in the Argentinean semiarid region (Monte region) used in the ancestral medicine as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent. This study was aimed to examine the morpho-anatomical characteristics of G. glutinosa aerial parts, identify the chemical composition of traditionally used preparations to assess its pharmacobotanical characterization and evaluate its activity as antiseptic and anti-inflammatory to give scientific support to its traditional uses. G. glutinosa morpho-anatomical description was performed following standard histological techniques. Tincture and infusion of its aerial parts were prepared and were subjected to phytochemical analysis. Xanthine oxidase (XOD) and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition experiments, as well as ABTS•+, superoxide radical, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, were carried out. The growth inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains was also determined. The morpho-anatomical traits of G. glutinosa leaves and stems were reported for the first time. The medicinal preparations exhibited a large amount of phenolic chemicals mainly flavonoids such as rhamnetin, arcapillin, rhamnacin, hesperetin, isorhamnetin, centaureidin, europetin 7-O-mehylmyricetin, cirsiliol, sakuranetin, genkwanin and eupatorine and also phenolic acids and diterpenoid derivatives. Both preparations had free radical scavenging activity and were able to reduce both XOD and LOX activity, indicating their anti-inflammatory properties. Besides, tincture was effective against all MRSA strains (MIC values ranging from 60 to 240 g DW/mL). The results obtained in this work scientifically support the medicinal popular use of G. glutinosa as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory. The identification of bioactive compounds and their morpho-anatomical description contribute to the quality control of this medicinal plant from Argentine Calchaquí Valley.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Leal
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Lorenzo 1469. San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Inés Mercado
- Instituto de Morfología Vegetal. Área Botánica. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Alejandra Moreno
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Lorenzo 1469. San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - José Javier Martínez Chamas
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Lorenzo 1469. San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Iris Catiana Zampini
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Lorenzo 1469. San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Graciela Inés Ponessa
- Instituto de Morfología Vegetal. Área Botánica. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja,Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - María Inés Isla
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON), Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Lorenzo 1469. San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yañez O, Osorio MI, Osorio E, Tiznado W, Ruíz L, García C, Nagles O, Simirgiotis MJ, Castañeta G, Areche C, García-Beltrán O. Antioxidant activity and enzymatic of lichen substances: A study based on cyclic voltammetry and theoretical. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 372:110357. [PMID: 36693444 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of nine lichen substances, including methylatrarate (1), methyl haematommate (2), lobaric acid (3), fumarprotocetraric acid (4), sphaerophorin (5), subsphaeric acid (6), diffractaic acid (7), barbatolic acid (8) and salazinic acid (9) has been determined through cyclic voltammetry. The compounds 1-4 presented slopes close to the Nernst constant of 0.059 V, indicating a 2H+/2e- relation between protons and electrons, as long as the compounds 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 present slopes between 0.037 V and 0.032 V, indicating a 1H+/2e- relation between protons and electrons. These results show a high free radical scavenging activity by means of the release of H+, suggesting an important antioxidant capacity of these molecules. Theoretical calculations of hydrogen bond dissociation enthalpies (BDE), proton affinities (PA), and Proton Transfer (PT) mechanisms, at M06-2x/6-311+G(d,p) level complement the experimental results. Computations support that the best antioxidant activity is obtained for the molecules (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8), that have a carboxylic acid group close to a phenolic hydroxyl group, through hydrogen atomic transfer (HAT) and sequential proton loss electron transfer (SPLET) mechanisms. Additional computations were performed for modelling binding affinity of the lichen substances with CYPs enzymes, mainly CYP1A2, CYP51, and CYP2C9*2 isoforms, showing strong affinity for all the compounds described in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Yañez
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago, 7500000, Chile; Center of New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), Santiago, 8380494, Chile
| | - Manuel I Osorio
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago, 8370146, Chile; Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad Diego Portales, Ejército 141, Santiago, 837007, Chile
| | - Edison Osorio
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué, 730002, Colombia
| | - William Tiznado
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 275, Piso 3, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lina Ruíz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camilo García
- Universidad Católica de Temuco, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Avenida Rudecindo Ortega, 02950, Campus San Juan Pablo II, Temuco, Chile
| | - Orlando Nagles
- Facultad de Química e Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Grover Castañeta
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué, 730002, Colombia; Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago, 8370854, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Torres-Benítez A, Ortega-Valencia JE, Flores-González M, Sánchez M, Simirgiotis MJ, Gómez-Serranillos MP. Phytochemical Characterization and In Vitro and In Silico Biological Studies from Ferns of Genus Blechnum (Blechnaceae, Polypodiales). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030540. [PMID: 36978788 PMCID: PMC10044869 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Blechnum represents one of the most ecologically and therapeutically important groups of ferns that grow in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. In this work, the chemical fingerprint of lyophilized extracts of Blechnum chilense, B. hastatum, B. magellanicum and B. penna-marina species, the determination of their antioxidant activity through ORAC, FRAP and DPPH assays and inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes (AChE and BChE), and an in silico analysis of selected majority compounds on cholinesterase enzymes were identified. Nineteen compounds were recorded for B. chilense, nine in B. hastatum, seventeen in B. magellanicum and seventeen in B. penna-marina by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS). The content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition were variable among species, with best results for B. penna-marina. Molecular docking evidenced low toxicities, significant pharmacokinetic properties, and significant binding affinities of the tested compounds for the AChE and BChE enzymes. These fern species show high diversity of bioactive compounds and represent a promising resource in phytotherapy, especially for their optimal levels of phenolic compounds that support their antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Torres-Benítez
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - José Erick Ortega-Valencia
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tlalnepantla, Av. Instituto Tecnológico, S/N. Col. La Comunidad, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54070, Mexico
| | - Mathias Flores-González
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Marta Sánchez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (M.P.G.-S.)
| | - María Pilar Gómez-Serranillos
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (M.P.G.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ramos LC, Palacios J, Barrientos RE, Gómez J, Castagnini JM, Barba FJ, Tapia A, Paredes A, Cifuentes F, Simirgiotis MJ. UHPLC-MS Phenolic Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Azara dentata Ruiz & Pav Berries. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030643. [PMID: 36766170 PMCID: PMC9914855 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Azara dentata Ruiz & Pav. is a small Chilean native plant from Patagonia, a producer of small white reddish berries. For the first time, the proximal analysis of the fruits, phenolic fingerprinting, the antioxidant activity, and the enzymatic inhibition and relaxation effects in rat aorta induced by the ethanolic extract of these fruits were investigated. The proximal composition and the mineral (Ca: 2434 ± 40 mg/kg; Mg: 702 ± 13 mg/kg; Fe: 117.1 ± 1.6 mg/kg; Zn: 16.1 ± 0.4 mg/kg) and heavy metal (As: 121 ± 11 µg/kg; Cd: 152 ± 5 µg/kg; Hg: 7.7 ± 1.3 µg/kg; Pb 294 ± 4 µg/kg) contents were analyzed. Anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and coumarins were identified using UHPLC-PDA-QTOF-MS. The ethanolic extracts showed a total phenolic content of 23.50 ± 0.93 mg GAE/g extract. In addition, the antioxidant activity was assessed using both DPPH and TEAC (28.64 ± 1.87 and 34.72 ± 2.33 mg Trolox/g of dry fruit, respectively), FRAP (25.32 ± 0.23 mg Trolox equivalent/g dry fruit), and ORAC (64.95 ± 1.23 mg Trolox equivalents/g dry fruit). The inhibition of enzymatic activities (acetylcholinesterase IC50: 2.87 + 0.23 µg extract/mL, butyrylcholinesterase IC50: 6.73 + 0.07 µg extract/mL, amylase IC50: 5.6 ± 0.0 µg extract/mL, lipase IC50: 30.8 ± 0.0 µg extract/mL, and tyrosinase IC50: 9.25 ± 0.15 µg extract/mL) was also assessed. The extract showed 50-60% relaxation in rat aorta (intact), mediated thorough the release of endothelial nitric oxide. Our results suggest that A. dentata is a good source of compounds with the capacity to inhibit important enzymes, can be hypotensive, and can thus have good potentiality as supplements in the amelioration of neurodegenerative diseases and could also have potential to be used to develop new functional foods. The study highlights the benefits of these neglected small fruits and could boost their consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cuesta Ramos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Ruth E. Barrientos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Jessica Gómez
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Castagnini
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.C.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.M.C.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Boussetta A, Charii H, Ait Benhamou A, Ablouh EH, Barba FJ, Grimi N, Simirgiotis MJ, Moubarik A. Bio-composites based on cellulosic fibers from agro-industrial waste filled PP matrix: production and properties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-023-04698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
15
|
Palacios J, Paredes A, Cifuentes F, Catalán MA, García-Villalón AL, Borquez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Jones M, Foster A, Greensmith DJ. A hydroalcoholic extract of Senecio nutans SCh. Bip (Asteraceae); its effects on cardiac function and chemical characterization. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 300:115747. [PMID: 36152785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE The plant Senecio nutans SCh. Bip. is used by Andean communities to treat altitude sickness. Recent evidence suggests it may produce vasodilation and negative cardiac inotropy, though the cellular mechanisms have not been elucidated. PURPOSE To determinate the mechanisms action of S. nutans on cardiovascular function in normotensive animals. METHODS The effect of the extract on rat blood pressure was measured with a transducer in the carotid artery and intraventricular pressure by a Langendorff system. The effects on sheep ventricular intracellular calcium handling and contractility were evaluated using photometry. Ultra-high-performance liquid-chromatography with diode array detection coupled with heated electrospray-ionization quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometric detection (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-OT-MSn) was used for extract chemical characterization. RESULTS In normotensive rats, S. nutans (10 mg/kg) reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 40% (p < 0.05), causing a dose-dependent coronary artery dilation and decreased left ventricular pressure. In isolated cells, S. nutans extract (1 μg/ml) rapidly reduced the [Ca2+]i transient amplitude and sarcomere shorting by 40 and 49% (p < 0.001), respectively. The amplitude of the caffeine evoked [Ca2+]i transient was reduced by 24% (p < 0.001), indicating reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content. Sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) activity increased by 17% (p < 0.05), while sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity was decreased by 21% (p < 0.05). LC-MS results showed the presence of vitamin C, malic acid, and several antioxidant phenolic acids reported for the first time. Dihydroeuparin and 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl) acetophenone were abundant in the extract. CONCLUSION In normotensive animals, S. nutans partially reduces MAP by decreasing heart rate and cardiac contractility. This negative inotropy is accounted for by decreased SERCA activity and increased NCX activity which reduces SR Ca2+ content. These results highlight the plant's potential as a source of novel cardio-active phytopharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, 1110939, Chile.
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile; Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile.
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile; Departamento de Biomédico, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile.
| | - Marcelo A Catalán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile.
| | | | - Jorge Borquez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1271155, Chile.
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile.
| | - Matthew Jones
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom.
| | - Amy Foster
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom.
| | - David J Greensmith
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Barrientos RE, Ibáñez E, Puerta A, Padrón JM, Paredes A, Cifuentes F, Romero-Parra J, Palacios J, Bórquez J, Simirgiotis MJ. Phenolic Fingerprinting and Bioactivity Profiling of Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Gypothamnium pinifolium Phil. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122313. [PMID: 36552522 PMCID: PMC9774750 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gypothamnium pinifolium Phil. (Asteraceae) is a small shrub that grows in the Paposo Valley of the II Antofagasta Region of Chile. This initial study is of the high-resolution phenolic fingerprinting, antioxidant activity, the relaxation effects in rat aorta, the inhibitory enzyme potential, plus the antiproliferative activity of the ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract from G. pinifolium and its two major isolated secondary metabolites (one coumarin: 2-nor-1,2-secolycoserone, and one diterpene: ent-labda-8,13-E-diene-15-ol). The study involves using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography todiode array detection coupled with Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-PDA-Orbi-trap-MS), in which various compounds were identified, including specific coumarins. The n-hexane extract showed total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 517.4 ± 12.5 mg GAE/100 g extract and 72.3 ± 3.7 mg QE/100 g extract, respectively. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the n-hexane extract was assessed using in-vitro assays such as bleaching of DPPH and ABTS (IC50: 14.3 ± 0.52 and 2.51 ± 0.43 µg extract/mL, respectively), FRAP (347.12 ± 1.15 μmol Trolox equivalent/g extract), and ORAC (287.3 ± 1.54 μmol Trolox equivalents/g extract). Furthermore, the inhibition against cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) 4.58 ± 0.04 µg/mL, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) IC50: 23.44 ± 0.03 µg/mL) and tyrosinase (IC50: 9.25 ± 0.15 µg/mL) enzymes of the n-hexane extract, and main compounds (IC50: 1.21 ± 0.03 µg/mL, 11.23 ± 0.02 µg/mL, 3.23 ± 0.12 µg/mL, and 103.43 ± 16.86 µg/mL, correspondingly for the most active coumarin 1) were measured. The antiproliferative potential of the extracts and the two principal compounds against several solid human cancer cells was investigated. All of them showed good activity against cancer cells. Label-free live-cell imaging studies on HeLa cells exposed to the isolated coumarin and the diterpene enabled the observation of cell death and several apoptotic hallmarks. Our results indicate that G. pinifolium Phil. is a valuable source of secondary metabolites with potential activity against noncommunicable diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E. Barrientos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Elena Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - José M. Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
- Departamento Biomédico, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Casilla 233, Santiago 6640022, Chile
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (J.P.); +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (J.P.); +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Barba FJ, Rajha HN, Debs E, Abi-Khattar AM, Khabbaz S, Dar BN, Simirgiotis MJ, Castagnini JM, Maroun RG, Louka N. Optimization of Polyphenols’ Recovery from Purple Corn Cobs Assisted by Infrared Technology and Use of Extracted Anthocyanins as a Natural Colorant in Pickled Turnip. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165222. [PMID: 36014470 PMCID: PMC9416142 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An ecofriendly extraction technology using infrared (IR) irradiation Ired-Irrad® was applied to purple corn cobs to enhance polyphenol recovery for the first time. The IR extraction efficiency was compared to that of the water bath (WB) method. Response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite design was conducted to determine the effect of the experimental conditions (extraction time and treatment temperature) and their interactions on the total polyphenol and anthocyanin yields. Optimal extraction of total phenolic compounds (37 mg GAE/g DM) and total monomeric anthocyanins (14 mg C3G/g DM) were obtained at 63 °C for 77 min using IR as an extraction technique and water as a solvent. HPLC revealed that the recovery of peonidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside was enhanced by 26% and 34%, respectively, when using IR. Finally, purple corn cobs’ spray-dried extract was proven to be an important natural colorant of pickled turnip. It offers great potential for use as a healthy alternative to the carcinogenic rhodamine B synthetic dye, which was banned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-544-972
| | - Hiba N. Rajha
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
- Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénieurs de Beyrouth (ESIB), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, CST Mkalles Mar Roukos, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Espérance Debs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, P.O. Box 100, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Anna-Maria Abi-Khattar
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Stéphanie Khabbaz
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Basharat Nabi Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Elena Haverbeck S-N, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Juan Manuel Castagnini
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Richard G. Maroun
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Louka
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Areche C, Parra JR, Sepulveda B, García-Beltrán O, Simirgiotis MJ. UHPLC-MS Metabolomic Fingerprinting, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Himantormia lugubris from Antarctica. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060560. [PMID: 35736493 PMCID: PMC9227586 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Himantormia lugubris is a Chilean native small lichen shrub growing in the Antarctica region. In this study, the metabolite fingerprinting and the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential from this species and its four major isolated compounds were investigated for the first time. Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS), several metabolites were identified including specific compounds as chemotaxonomical markers, while major metabolites were quantified in this species. A good inhibition activity against cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) IC50: 12.38 ± 0.09 µg/mL, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) IC50: 31.54 ± 0.20 µg/mL) and tyrosinase (22.32 ± 0.21 µg/mL) enzymes of the alcoholic extract and the main compounds (IC50: 28.82 ± 0.10 µg/mL, 36.43 ± 0.08 µg/mL, and 7.25 ± 0.18 µg/mL, respectively, for the most active phenolic atranol) was found. The extract showed a total phenolic content of 47.4 + 0.0 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g. In addition, antioxidant activity was assessed using bleaching of DPPH and ORAC (IC50: 75.3 ± 0.02 µg/mL and 32.7 ± 0.7 μmol Trolox/g lichen, respectively) and FRAP (27.8 ± 0.0 μmol Trolox equivalent/g) experiments. The findings suggest that H. lugubris is a rich source of bioactive compounds with potentiality in the prevention of neurodegenerative or noncommunicable chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Santiago 7800024, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.A.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +51-956-379-865 (C.A.); +56-(63)-2386110 (M.J.S.)
| | - Javier Romero Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Casilla, Santiago 6640022, Chile;
| | - Beatriz Sepulveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Viña del Mar, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué 730001, Colombia;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Elena Haverbeck S-N, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.A.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +51-956-379-865 (C.A.); +56-(63)-2386110 (M.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fernández-Galleguillos C, Romero-Parra J, Puerta A, Padrón JM, Simirgiotis MJ. Alkaloid Profiling, Anti-Enzymatic and Antiproliferative Activity of The Endemic Chilean Amaryllidaceae Phycella cyrtanthoides. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020188. [PMID: 35208261 PMCID: PMC8874788 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aims to identify the alkaloid profile and to evaluate the enzyme inhibitory potential and antiproliferative effects of the Amaryllidaceae plant Phycella cyrtanthoides. The alkaloid extracts from bulbs and leaves were analyzed using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) analysis. A total of 70 alkaloids were detected in the P. cyrtanthoides’ extracts. The enzyme inhibition potential against cholinesterases (AChE: acetylcholinesterase, and BChE butyrylcholinesterase) and tyrosinase were studied. Bulbs displayed the best IC50 values against AChE (4.29 ± 0.03 µg/mL) and BChE (18.32 ± 0.03 µg/mL). These results were consistent with docking experiments with selected major compounds in the active sites of enzymes, while no activity was observed against tyrosinase enzyme. Antiproliferative effects were investigated against human cervical (HeLa), lung (A549, SW1573), colon (WiDr), and breast (HBL-100, T-47D) tumor cell lines. Bulbs and leaves were active in all cell lines (GI50 < 2.5 µg/mL). These findings suggest that the endemic Chilean plant P. cyrtanthoides contains diverse types of bioactive alkaloids with antiproliferative activities and inhibitory effects with potential therapeutic applications for neurodegenerative diseases
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández-Galleguillos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.F.-G.); or (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (C.F.-G.); +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Casilla 233, Santiago 6640022, Chile;
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.P.)
| | - José M. Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.F.-G.); or (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (C.F.-G.); +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huertas-Alonso AJ, Gavahian M, González-Serrano DJ, Hadidi M, Salgado-Ramos M, Sánchez-Verdú MP, Simirgiotis MJ, Barba FJ, Franco D, Lorenzo JM, Moreno A. Valorization of Wastewater from Table Olives: NMR Identification of Antioxidant Phenolic Fraction and Microwave Single-Phase Reaction of Sugary Fraction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111652. [PMID: 34829523 PMCID: PMC8615242 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The table olive industry is producing a huge amount of wastewater, which is a post-processing cost and an environmental concern. The present study aims to valorize this processing by-product to obtain a value-added product, thereby enhancing resource efficiency and contributing to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). In this sense, a chemical reaction-based platform was developed to obtain valuable components, such as levulinic acid (LA) and 5-hydromethylfurfural (HMF). The products were then analyzed using NMR identification of the antioxidant phenolic fraction and microwave single-phase reaction of the sugary fraction. According to the results, the highest concentration of phenolic compounds does not correspond to the sample directly obtained from NaOH treatment (S1), indicating that water washing steps (S2–S5) are fundamental to recover phenolic substances. Moreover, glucose was presented in the sugary fraction that can be transformed into levulinic acid by a single-phase reaction under microwave irradiation. The information provided in this manuscript suggests that the wastewater from the olive processing industry can be valorized to obtain valuable products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J. Huertas-Alonso
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Mohsen Gavahian
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan;
| | - Diego J. González-Serrano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Milad Hadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Manuel Salgado-Ramos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - M. Prado Sánchez-Verdú
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain;
| | - Daniel Franco
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Av. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (A.M.)
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Av. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Andrés Moreno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vargas-Arana G, Merino-Zegarra C, Riquelme-Penaherrera M, Nonato-Ramirez L, Delgado-Wong H, Pertino MW, Parra C, Simirgiotis MJ. Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Capacities, Nutritional Analysis and UHPLC-PDA-MS Characterization of Cocona Fruits ( Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) from the Peruvian Amazon. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1566. [PMID: 34679701 PMCID: PMC8533405 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocona fruits are a popular food and medicinal fruit used mainly in the Amazon and several countries of South America for the preparation of several food products such as drinks, jams and milk shakes. In this study five ecotypes of cocona native to Peru have been studied regarding their nutritional and antioxidants values plus antihyperlipidemic activities. Seventy bioactive compounds have been detected in Peruvian cocona ecotypes including several phenolic acids, aminoacids and flavonoids; of those six were spermidines, (peaks 1, 2, 25, 26, 38 and 39), thirteen were aminoacids, (peaks 3-9, 11-13, 16, 17, 22-24), eighteen flavonoids (peaks 28, 30-32 45,46, 48-53 56, 57, 61 and 64-66), twelve were phenolics (peaks 19, 21, 27, 29, 34, 35, 36, 42, 43, 44, 54, and 59), two carotenoids, (peak 62 and 63), eight were lipid derivatives (peaks 37, 55, 58, 60 and 67-70), one sugar (peak 47), four terpenes (peaks 33, 40, 41 and 47), two amides, (peaks 10 and 18), one aldehyde, (peak 15), and three saturated organic acids, (peaks 4, 5 and 20). Hypercholesterolemic rats administered with pulp of the ecotypes CTR and SRN9 showed the lowest cholesterol and triglyceride levels after treatment (126.74 ± 6.63; 102.11 ± 9.47; 58.16 ± 6.64; 61.05 ± 4.00 mg/dL, for cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein respectively, for the group treated with SRN9 pulp, and 130.09 ± 8.55; 108.51 ± 10.04; 57.30 ± 5.72; and 65.41 ± 7.68 mg/dL, for cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL lipoproteins respectively for the group treated with CTR pulp). The ecotypes proved to be good sources of natural antioxidants and their consumption represent an alternative for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Vargas-Arana
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos 16001, Peru;
| | - Claudia Merino-Zegarra
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos 16001, Peru;
| | - Marcos Riquelme-Penaherrera
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16001, Peru; (M.R.-P.); (L.N.-R.); (H.D.-W.)
| | - Luis Nonato-Ramirez
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16001, Peru; (M.R.-P.); (L.N.-R.); (H.D.-W.)
| | - Henry Delgado-Wong
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16001, Peru; (M.R.-P.); (L.N.-R.); (H.D.-W.)
| | - Mariano Walter Pertino
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Claudio Parra
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Av. General Velásquez 1775, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 509000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rey M, Kruse MS, Magrini-Huamán RN, Gómez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Tapia A, Feresin GE, Coirini H. Tessaria absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae) Decoction Improves the Hypercholesterolemia and Alters the Expression of LXRs in Rat Liver and Hypothalamus. Metabolites 2021; 11:579. [PMID: 34564396 PMCID: PMC8467473 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic high-fat diet consumption induces hypercholesterolemia. The effect of Tessaria absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae) was studied on the levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triglycerides, and on the expression of liver X receptors (LXRs) in a hypercholesterolemic model. Adult male rats received a normal diet (ND) or a high-fat diet (HFD; normal diet + bovine fat + cholesterol). After 14 days, rats received water (W) or a decoction of the aerial parts of T. absinthioides (Ta; 10% w/v) for 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Four and six weeks of Ta improved the levels of TC and HDL-c in HFD. After 6 weeks of Ta, the expression of LXRs in HFD was the same as that in ND in both tissues. The Ta chemical profile was studied with an ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography Orbitrap MS analysis (UHPLC-PDA-OT-MS/MS). Fifty-one compounds were identified, of which twelve are reported for the first time. Among these compounds, caffeoylquinic acid and its derivatives could modify the lipid profile and the expression of LXRs. This is the first in vivo report of T. absinthioides, which may be a potential candidate against hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Rey
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1428ADN, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Argentina
| | - María S Kruse
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1428ADN, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Argentina
| | - Rocío N Magrini-Huamán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1428ADN, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Argentina
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, Av. José Ignacio de la Roza 1516, San Juan 5400, Argentina
| | - Jessica Gómez
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - Gabriela E Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Argentina
| | - Héctor Coirini
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1428ADN, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fernández-Galleguillos C, Quesada-Romero L, Puerta A, Padrón JM, Souza E, Romero-Parra J, Simirgiotis MJ. UHPLC-MS Chemical Fingerprinting and Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, and Enzyme Inhibition Potential of Gaultheria pumila Berries. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080523. [PMID: 34436464 PMCID: PMC8401902 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaultheria pumila (Ericaceae) (known as Chaura or Mutilla) is a Chilean native small shrub that produces berry fruits consumed by local Mapuche people. In this study, the chemical fingerprinting and antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and antiproliferative activities of the berries were investigated for the first time. Thirty-six metabolites were identified in the fruits by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection, hyphenated with Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-DAD-Orbitrap-MS). Metabolites, included anthocyanins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, iridoids, diterpenes, and fatty acids. Moderate inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (7.7 ± 0.3 µg/mL), butyrylcholinesterase (34.5 ± 0.5 µg/mL), and tyrosinase (3.3 ± 0.2 µg/mL) enzymes were found. Moreover, selected major compounds were subjected to docking assays in light of their experimental inhibition. Results indicated that hydrogen bonding, π–π interaction, and a salt bridge interaction contributed significantly. Gaultheria pumila berries showed a total phenolic content of 189.2 ± 0.2 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g, total flavonoid content of 51.8 ± 0.1 mg quercetin equivalents/g, and total anthocyanin content of 47.3 ± 0.2 mg of cianydin-3-glucoside equivalents/g. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH (92.8 ± 0.1 µg/mL), FRAP (134.1 ± 0.1 μmol Trolox equivalents/g), and ORAC (4251.6 ± 16.9 μmol Trolox equivalents/g) assays. Conversely, Gaultheria pumila showed a scarce antiproliferative potential against several solid human cancer cells. Our findings suggest that Gaultheria pumila berries have several bioactive metabolites with inhibitory effects against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase, and have the potential for use in food supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández-Galleguillos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Luisa Quesada-Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (L.Q.-R.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-632632811 (L.Q.-R.)
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.P.)
| | - José M. Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Ernane Souza
- The Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, FL 33401, USA;
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Casilla 233, Santiago 6640022, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (L.Q.-R.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-632632811 (L.Q.-R.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Florian SU, Sepulveda B, Torres-Benítez A, Simirgiotis MJ, Fuentes-Estrada M, Areche C, García-Beltrán O. Erythrinoid and indol alkaloids isolated from the seeds of Erythrina rubrinervia Kunth: Chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2021.104295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
Hebel-Gerber S, García-Cancino A, Urbina A, Simirgiotis MJ, Echeverría J, Bustamante-Salazar L, Sáez-Carrillo K, Alarcón J, Pastene-Navarrete E. Chilean Rhubarb, Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb. (Gunneraceae): UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS Profiling of Aqueous Extract and its Anti- Helicobacter pylori Activity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:583961. [PMID: 33708110 PMCID: PMC7941271 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.583961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The full UHPLC-MS metabolome fingerprinting and anti-Helicobacter pylori effect of Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb. (Nalca) total extract (GTE) and fractions prepared from its edible fresh petioles were evaluated. The activity of G. tinctoria against H. pylori strains ATCC 45504 and J99 was assessed in vitro by means of agar diffusion assay, Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), while killing curve and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) were conducted in order to determine the effect of the plant extract on bacterial growth and ultrastructure. Additionally, the inhibitory effect upon urease was evaluated using both the Jack Bean and H. pylori enzymes. To determine which molecules could be responsible for the antibacterial effects, tentative identification was done by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap®-HR-MS). Furthermore, the total G. tinctoria extract was fractionated using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), giving four active fractions (1-4). It was determined that the crude extract and centrifugal partition chromatography fractions of G. tinctoria have a bactericidal effect being the lowest MIC and MBC = 32 μg/ml. In the killing curves, fraction one acts faster than control amoxicillin. In the urease assay, F3 exhibited the lowest IC50 value of 13.5 μg/ml. Transmission electronic microscopy showed that crude G. tinctoria extract promotes disruption and separation of the cellular wall and outer membrane detachment on H. pylori causing bacterial cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Hebel-Gerber
- Laboratorio de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Apolinaria García-Cancino
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Angélica Urbina
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Bustamante-Salazar
- Departamento de Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Katia Sáez-Carrillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Julio Alarcón
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Biotransformación de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Edgar Pastene-Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Biotransformación de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Larrazábal-Fuentes MJ, Fernández-Galleguillos C, Palma-Ramírez J, Romero-Parra J, Sepúlveda K, Galetovic A, González J, Paredes A, Bórquez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Echeverría J. Chemical Profiling, Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase, and Antiprotozoal Potentials of Artemisia copa Phil. (Asteraceae). Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:594174. [PMID: 33343365 PMCID: PMC7746865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.594174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia copa Phil. (Asteraceae) (known as copa-copa) is a native species of Chile used as an infusion in traditional medicine by Atacameños people in the Altiplano, highlands of northern Chile. In this research, we have investigated for the first time the cholinesterase inhibition potential against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and the chemical profiling of the infusions prepared from the aerial parts of A. copa by high resolution spectrometry. In addition, total phenolic, total flavonoid content, antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC) and antiprozoal activity were tested. Artemisia copa showed good inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE (3.92 ± 0.08 µg/ml and 44.13 ± 0.10 µg/ml). The infusion displayed a total phenolics content of 155.6 ± 2.9 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g and total flavonoid content of 5.5 ± 0.2 mg quercetin equivalents/g. Additionally, trypanocidal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi was found (LD50 of 131.8 µg/ml). Forty-seven metabolites were detected in the infusion of A. copa including several phenolic acids and flavonoids which were rapidly identified using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) for chemical profiling. The major compounds identified in the infusions were studied by molecular docking against AChE and BChE. The UHPLC-MS fingerprints generated can be also used for the authentication of these endemic species. These findings reveal that A. copa infusions can be used as beverages with protective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María José Larrazábal-Fuentes
- Unidad Alimentos, Departamento de Ciencias de los Alimentos y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - Jenifer Palma-Ramírez
- Unidad Alimentos, Departamento de Ciencias de los Alimentos y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kevin Sepúlveda
- Unidad de Parasitología Molecular, Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - Jorge González
- Unidad de Parasitología Molecular, Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ybañez-Julca RO, Asunción-Alvarez D, Quispe-Díaz IM, Palacios J, Bórquez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Perveen S, Nwokocha CR, Cifuentes F, Paredes A. Metabolomic Profiling of Mango ( Mangifera indica Linn) Leaf Extract and Its Intestinal Protective Effect and Antioxidant Activity in Different Biological Models. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215149. [PMID: 33167456 PMCID: PMC7663946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangifera indica Linn popularly known as mango is used in folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to identify the metabolomic composition of lyophilized extract of mango leaf (MIE), to evaluate the antioxidant activity on several oxidative stress systems (DPPH, FRAP, TBARS, and ABTS), the spasmolytic and antispasmodic activity, and intestinal protective effect on oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in rat ileum. Twenty-nine metabolites were identified and characterized based on their ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry, these include: benzophenone derivatives, xanthones, phenolic acids, fatty acids, flavonoids and procyanidins. Extract demonstrated a high antioxidant activity in in-vitro assays. MIE relaxed (p < 0.001) intestinal segments of rat pre-contracted with acetylcholine (ACh) (10−5 M). Pre-incubation of intestinal segments with 100 µg/mL MIE significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the contraction to H2O2. Similar effects were observed with mangiferin and quercetin (10−5 M; p < 0.05) but not for gallic acid. Chronic treatment of rats with MIE (50 mg/kg) for 28 days significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the H2O2-induced contractions. MIE exhibited a strong antioxidant activity, spasmolytic and antispasmodic activity, which could contribute to its use as an alternative for the management of several intestinal diseases related to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto O. Ybañez-Julca
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru; (D.A.-A.); (I.M.Q.-D.)
- Correspondence: (R.O.Y.-J.); (J.P.); Tel.: +51-0449-7634-5993 (R.O.Y.-J.); +56-57-252-6910 (J.P.)
| | - Daniel Asunción-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru; (D.A.-A.); (I.M.Q.-D.)
| | - Ivan M. Quispe-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru; (D.A.-A.); (I.M.Q.-D.)
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Correspondence: (R.O.Y.-J.); (J.P.); Tel.: +51-0449-7634-5993 (R.O.Y.-J.); +56-57-252-6910 (J.P.)
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Chukwuemeka R. Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, KGN, Jamaica;
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile;
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1271155, Chile;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Barrientos RE, Ahmed S, Cortés C, Fernández-Galleguillos C, Romero-Parra J, Simirgiotis MJ, Echeverría J. Chemical Fingerprinting and Biological Evaluation of the Endemic Chilean Fruit Greigia sphacelata (Ruiz and Pav.) Regel (Bromeliaceae) by UHPLC-PDA-Orbitrap-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020; 25:E3750. [PMID: 32824604 PMCID: PMC7464012 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Greigia sphacelata (Ruiz and Pav.) Regel (Bromeliaceae) is a Chilean endemic plant popularly known as "quiscal" and produces an edible fruit consumed by the local Mapuche communities named as "chupón". In this study, several metabolites including phenolic acids, organic acids, sugar derivatives, catechins, proanthocyanidins, fatty acids, iridoids, coumarins, benzophenone, flavonoids, and terpenes were identified in G. sphacelata fruits using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection coupled with a Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-PDA-Orbitrap-MS) analysis for the first time. The fruits showed moderate antioxidant capacities (i.e., 487.11 ± 26.22 μmol TE/g dry weight) in the stable radical DPPH assay, 169.08 ± 9.81 TE/g dry weight in the ferric reducing power assay, 190.32 ± 6.23 TE/g dry weight in the ABTS assay, and 76.46 ± 3.18% inhibition in the superoxide anion scavenging assay. The cholinesterase inhibitory potential was evaluated against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). From the findings, promising results were observed for pulp and seeds. Our findings suggest that G. sphacelata fruits are a rich source of diverse secondary metabolites with antioxidant capacities. In addition, the inhibitory effects against AChE and BChE suggest that natural products or food supplements derived from G. sphacelata fruits are of interest for their neuroprotective potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E. Barrientos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (R.E.B.); (S.A.); (C.C.); (C.F.-G.)
| | - Shakeel Ahmed
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (R.E.B.); (S.A.); (C.C.); (C.F.-G.)
| | - Carmen Cortés
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (R.E.B.); (S.A.); (C.C.); (C.F.-G.)
| | - Carlos Fernández-Galleguillos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (R.E.B.); (S.A.); (C.C.); (C.F.-G.)
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Casilla 233, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (R.E.B.); (S.A.); (C.C.); (C.F.-G.)
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago 9170002, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Barrientos RE, Simirgiotis MJ, Palacios J, Paredes A, Bórquez J, Bravo A, Cifuentes F. Chemical Fingerprinting, Isolation and Characterization of Polyphenol Compounds from Heliotropium taltalense (Phil.) I.M. Johnst and Its Endothelium-Dependent Vascular Relaxation Effect in Rat Aorta. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143105. [PMID: 32650373 PMCID: PMC7397318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heliotropium taltalense is an endemic species of the northern coast of Chile and is used as folk medicine. The polyphenolic composition of the methanolic and aqueous extract of the endemic Chilean species was investigated using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Heated Electrospray Ionization and Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-HESI-MS). Fifty-three compounds were detected, mainly derivatives of benzoic acid, flavonoids, and some phenolic acids. Furthermore, five major compounds were isolated by column chromatography from the extract, including four flavonoids and one geranyl benzoic acid derivative, which showed vascular relaxation and were in part responsible for the activity of the extracts. Since aqueous extract of H. taltalense (83% ± 9%, 100 μg/mL) produced vascular relaxation through an endothelium-dependent mechanism in rat aorta, and the compounds rhamnocitrin (89% ± 7%; 10−4 M) and sakuranetin (80% ± 6%; 10−4 M) also caused vascular relaxation similar to the extracts of H. taltalense, these pure compounds are, to some extent, responsible for the vascular relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E. Barrientos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Correspondence: or (M.J.S.); (J.P.); Tel.: +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.); +56-57-2526910 (J.P.)
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Correspondence: or (M.J.S.); (J.P.); Tel.: +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.); +56-57-2526910 (J.P.)
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (A.P.); (J.B.)
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (A.P.); (J.B.)
| | - Alejandra Bravo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (A.B.); (F.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Romero N, Areche C, Cubides-Cárdenas J, Escobar N, García-Beltrán O, Simirgiotis MJ, Céspedes Á. In Vitro Anthelmintic Evaluation of Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, and Pithecellobium dulce: Fingerprint Analysis of Extracts by UHPLC-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133002. [PMID: 32630065 PMCID: PMC7412154 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the anthelmintic activity (AA) of ethanolic extracts obtained from Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, and Pithecellobium dulce was evaluated using the third-stage-larval (L3) exsheathment inhibition test (LEIT) and egg hatch test (EHT) on Haemonchus contortus. Extracts were tested at concentrations of 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5.0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL. The larval exsheathment inhibition (LEI) results showed that G. sepium achieved the highest average inhibition of 91.2%, compared with 44.6% for P. dulce and 41.0% for L. leucocephala at a concentration of 40 mg/mL; the corresponding IC50 values were 22.4, 41.7, and 43.3 mg/mL, respectively. The rates of egg hatching inhibition (EHI) at a concentration of 5 mg/mL were 99.5% for G. sepium, 64.2% for P. dulce, and 54% for L. leucocephala; the corresponding IC50 values were 1.9 mg/mL for G. sepium, 3.9 mg/mL for P. dulce, and 4.3 mg/mL for L. leucocephala. The species extracts studied here were also analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap/MS/MS), resulting in the compounds' identification associated with AA. Glycosylated flavonoids and methoxyphenols were observed in all three species: fatty acids in G. sepium and P. dulce; phenylpropanoids, anthraquinone glycosides, amino acids and glycosylated phenolic acids in G. sepium; and flavonoids in L. leucocephala. Comparatively, G. sepium presented a greater diversity of compounds potentially active against the control of gastrointestinal nematodes, which was associated with the results obtained in the applied tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Romero
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730001, Colombia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Santiago 7800024, Chile;
| | - Jaime Cubides-Cárdenas
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación en Salud y Bienestar Animal, Laboratorio de Salud Animal, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Agrosavia, Mosquera 250047, Colombia;
| | - Natalia Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cundinamarca, Fusagasugá 252212, Colombia;
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué 730002, Colombia;
| | | | - Ángel Céspedes
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730001, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gómez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Lima B, Gamarra-Luques C, Bórquez J, Caballero D, Feresin GE, Tapia A. UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap/MS/MS Fingerprinting, Free Radical Scavenging, and Antimicrobial Activity of Tessaria absinthiodes (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae) Lyophilized Decoction from Argentina and Chile. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120593. [PMID: 31795145 PMCID: PMC6943634 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The decoction of Tessaria absinthioides is used in traditional medicine of South America as hypocholesterolemic, balsamic, and expectorant; but it is also useful for the prevention of hepatitis, renal insufficiency, and diabetes, and is used as digestive. A lyophilized decoction from the aerial parts of this plant (TLD) collected in San Juan (TLDSJ) and Mendoza (TLDM) provinces (Argentina) and one collection from Antofagasta, Chile (TLDCH) were characterized regarding antioxidant and antibacterial activities, phenolics and flavonoids content, and ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography Orbitrap MS analysis UHPLC–PDA–OT-MS/MS metabolite profiling. The antioxidant properties were carried out "in vitro" using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC) methods, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipoperoxidation in erythrocytes (LP). The antibacterial activity was evaluated following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) rules. TLDSJ, TLDM, and TLDCH displayed a strong DPPH scavenging activity (EC50 = 42, 41.6, and 43 µg/mL, respectively) and inhibition of lipoperoxidation in erythrocytes (86–88% at 250 µg TLD/mL), while a less effect in the FRAP and TEACantioxidant assays was found. Additionally, the decoctions showed a content of phenolics compounds of 94 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, 185 GAE/g, and 64 GAE/g, for TLDSJ, TLDM, and TLDCH samples, respectively. Regarding the flavonoid content, the Chilean sample was highlighted with 19 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g. In this work, several phenolic compounds, including sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, were rapidly identified in TLDSJ, TLDM, and TLDCH extracts by means UHPLC–PDA–OT-MS/MS for the first time, which gave a first scientific support to consider this medicinal decoction from both countries as a valuable source of metabolites with antioxidant effects, some with outstanding potential to improve human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gómez
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina; (J.G.); (B.L.); (G.E.F.)
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología), CABA, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (A.T.); Tel.: +56-063-2244369 (M.J.S.); +54-264-4211700-294 (A.T.)
| | - Beatriz Lima
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina; (J.G.); (B.L.); (G.E.F.)
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología), CABA, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina;
| | - Carlos Gamarra-Luques
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología), CABA, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina;
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza CP5500, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza CP5500, Argentina
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales Depto. de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile;
| | - Duilio Caballero
- Laboratorio Hospital Marcial Quiroga, Av. Libertador General San Martín 5401 (O), Rivadavia, San Juan CP 5407, Argentina;
| | - Gabriela Egly Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina; (J.G.); (B.L.); (G.E.F.)
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología), CABA, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina;
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina; (J.G.); (B.L.); (G.E.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (A.T.); Tel.: +56-063-2244369 (M.J.S.); +54-264-4211700-294 (A.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cifuentes F, Palacios J, R. Nwokocha C, Bórquez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Norambuena I, Chiong M, Paredes A. Polyphenolic Composition and Hypotensive Effects of Parastrephia quadrangularis (Meyen) Cabrera in Rat. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120591. [PMID: 31783548 PMCID: PMC6943605 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parastrephia quadrangularis (Pq), commonly called "Tola", is widely used in folk medicine in the Andes, including for altitude sickness. In this study, polyphenolic composition was determined, and hypotensive effects were measured; the ethnopharmacological use as hypotensive was related to the presence of phenolic compounds. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 to 8 weeks of age, 160 to 190 g) were fed Pq extract (10 to 40 mg/kg) for 10 days through gavage. Blood pressures and heart rate were significantly (p < 0.01) reduced in normotensive rats receiving Pq extract (40 mg/kg body weight). Pq extract induced a negative inotropic effect, and endothelium-dependent vasodilation mediated by nitric oxide (NO). Furthermore, preincubation with Pq extract significantly decreased the cytosolic calcium on vascular smooth muscle cells A7r5 in response to L-phenylephrine (PE). Seven metabolites were isolated from the Pq extract, but three flavonoids (10-4 M) showed similar vasodilation to the extract in intact rat aorta as follows: 5,3',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (2); 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-7,8,3'-trimethoxyflavone (6); and 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,7,8,3'-tetramethoxyflavone (7). The Pq extract and compounds 2 and 7 significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the contraction to Bay K8644 (10 nM, an agonist of CaV1.2 channels). Administration of Pq decreased cardiac contractility and increased endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, 1270300 Antofagasta, Chile;
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, 1110939 Iquique, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (A.P.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (J.P.); +56-55-2513507 (A.P.)
| | - Chukwuemeka R. Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Physiology Section), Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Antofagasta, 1270300 Antofagasta, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Ignacio Norambuena
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), CEMC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (I.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), CEMC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (I.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, 1270300 Antofagasta, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (A.P.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (J.P.); +56-55-2513507 (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Beshel JA, Palacios J, Beshel FN, Nku CO, Owu DU, Nwokocha M, Bórquez J, Simirgiotis MJ, Nwokocha CR. Blood pressure-reducing activity of Gongronema latifolium Benth. (Apocynaeceae) and the identification of its main phytochemicals by UHPLC Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 31:jbcpp-2018-0178. [PMID: 32037779 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Gongronema latifolium Benth. (family Apocynaceae) leaves (GL) has interesting medicinal properties. The effects of extracts from G. latifolium on blood pressure (BP) and the possible mechanisms of action were also investigated. Methods The ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS analysis was used to identify the phytochemicals present. Normotensive Wistar rats were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone (40 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, and the jugular vein was cannulated for infusion of drugs while the carotid artery was cannulated for direct BP measurement. GL extract (5-20 mg) alone or with nifedipine (10 mg/kg), atropine (2 mg/kg), L-NAME (5 mg/kg), methyl blue (3 mg/kg) and propranolol (1 mg/kg) were administered intravenously to Wistar rats and direct BP measurements were carried out. Results Systolic and diastolic BP levels (128/90 mm Hg; MAP 103 ± 3 mm Hg) and heart rates were all significantly (p < 0.01) decreased after GL administration. Raised mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate by atropine, L-NAME and methyl blue were significantly (p < 0.01) reduced after GL administration, while propranolol significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited hypotension caused by GL. Infusion of GL reduced MAP (95 ± 3 mm Hg) comparable with nifedipine (93 ± 2 mm Hg), a calcium channel blocker. The phytochemicals identified were 34 compounds, including oleanolic acid derivatives, flavonoids, antioxidant fatty acids, 2 coumarins and 2 iridoids. Conclusions These results suggest that G. latifolium has hypotensive properties mediated by the synergistic activity of the compounds, probably via the β-adrenergic blockade mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Atiang Beshel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Javier Palacios
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de EtnoFarmacología (IDE), Universidad Arturo Prat., Iquique, Chile
| | - Favour Nyoh Beshel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Clement Oshie Nku
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Daniel U Owu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Phone: +234 8093243446
| | - Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Guerrero-Castillo P, Reyes S, Robles J, Simirgiotis MJ, Sepulveda B, Fernandez-Burgos R, Areche C. Biological activity and chemical characterization of Pouteria lucuma seeds: A possible use of an agricultural waste. Waste Manag 2019; 88:319-327. [PMID: 31079645 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pouteria lucuma fruit is widely used to prepare cakes, ice creams and juice or also commercialized as pulp and flour. As result of this business thousands of tons of seeds are generated as an agricultural waste. This study presents the antioxidant and antiulcer activities, and the identification of secondary metabolites by UHPLC/ESI/MS/MS of an agroindustrial waste of Pouteria lucuma seeds. Fifty-nine compounds were tentatively identified including eight aminoacids, five organic acids, one nucleoside, five phenolic acids, five phenolic alcohols, nineteen flavonoids, six lipids, and seven unknowns in the methanol extract of P. lucuma seeds. The total phenolic content of the seeds was 52.82 ± 0.09 μmol GAE/g dry weight, while total flavonoid content was 5.99 ± 0.01 μmol Q/g dry weight. The antioxidant activity was 58.14 ± 0.05, 66.97 ± 0.00, 272.50 ± 0.00, and 67.02 ± 2.23 for the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and superoxide anion assays, respectively. The highest gastroprotective activity was obtained at 100 mg/kg (78%), which as higher than the positive control lansoprazole (75%). Our findings showed that P. lucuma seed extracts have moderate to high antioxidant activity and gastroprotective properties. Therefore, it was demostrated that lucuma seeds commonly eliminated as an agricultural industry waste, could be useful for the preparation of nutritional supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarita Reyes
- Facultad de Química e Ing. Química, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Juana Robles
- Sección Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Beatriz Sepulveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | | | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ardiles A, Barrientos R, Simirgiotis MJ, Bórquez J, Sepúlveda B, Areche C. Gastroprotective Activity of Parastrephia quadrangularis (Meyen), Cabrera from the Atacama Desert. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092361. [PMID: 30223578 PMCID: PMC6225235 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty-three metabolites including several methoxylated flavonoids, tremetones, and ent-clerodane diterpenes were accurately identified for the first time in the ethanolic extract of P. quadrangularis by means of hyphenated UHPLC-quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and seven isolated compounds were tested regarding gastroprotective activity using the HCl/EtOH-induced lesion model in mice. A new tremetone (compound 6) is reported based on spectroscopic evidence. The isolated clerodanes and tremetones showed gastroprotective activity in a mouse model, evidenced by compound 7 (p-coumaroyloxytremetone), which showed the highest gastroprotective activity (76%), which was higher than the control drug lansoprazole (72%). Our findings revealed that several constituents of this plant have gastroprotective activity, and particularly, p-coumaroyloxytremetone could be considered as a lead molecule to explore new gastroprotective agents. This plant is a rich source of biologically active tremetones and terpenoids which can support the ethnobotanical use of the plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ardiles
- Departamento de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Ruth Barrientos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile.
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile.
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile.
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8320198, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jiménez-González A, Quispe C, Bórquez J, Sepúlveda B, Riveros F, Areche C, Nagles E, García-Beltrán O, Simirgiotis MJ. UHPLC-ESI-ORBITRAP-MS analysis of the native Mapuche medicinal plant palo negro (Leptocarpha rivularis DC. - Asteraceae) and evaluation of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:936-944. [PMID: 29734888 PMCID: PMC6009940 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1466880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
UHPLC/ESI/MS identification of organic compounds is the first step in the majority of screening techniques for the characterization of biologically active metabolites in natural sources. This paper describes a method for the fast identification and characterisation of secondary metabolites in Leptocarpha rivularis DC. (Palo negro) extracts by HPLC/UV (DAD)–Mass Spectrometry (HPLC/MS). The plant is used for the treatment of several diseases since pre-hispanic Mapuche times. Thirty-seven compounds were detected in the aqueous edible extract for the first time including 4 sesquiterpenes, 10 flavonoids, 9 oxylipins, 2 organic acids, and 11 phenolic acids. In addition, phenolic content antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities were measured for the first time using the edible infusion. The total polyphenol content of the infusion was 230.76 ± 2.5 mmol GAE/kg dry weight, while the antioxidant activity was 176.51 ± 28.84; 195.28 ± 4.83; and 223.92 ± 2.95 mmol TE/kg dry weight, for the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, respectively. The cholinesterase inhibitory activity was 7.38 ± 0.03 and 5.74 ± 0.06 mmol GALAE/kg, for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase AChE and BChE, respectively, showing that this plant is a candidate for the isolation of compounds that can be useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, this plant could serve also as a raw material for the production of dietary supplements, due to its content of polyphenolic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Quispe
- b Instituto de Etnofarmacología , Universidad Arturo Prat, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Iquique , Chile
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- c Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta , Antofagasta , Chile
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- d Departamento de Ciencias Químicas , Universidad Andres Bello , Viña del Mar , Chile
| | - Felipe Riveros
- c Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta , Antofagasta , Chile
| | - Carlos Areche
- e Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Edgar Nagles
- a Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas , Universidad de Ibagué , Iquique , Colombia
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- a Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas , Universidad de Ibagué , Iquique , Colombia
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- f Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad Austral de Chile , Valdivia , Chile.,g Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System , Universidad Austral de Chile , Valdivia , Chile
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Luna L, Simirgiotis MJ, Lima B, Bórquez J, Feresin GE, Tapia A. UHPLC-MS Metabolome Fingerprinting: The Isolation of Main Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of the Andean Species Tetraglochin ameghinoi (Speg.) Speg. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040793. [PMID: 29596368 PMCID: PMC6017344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The seriated extracts of petroleum ether (PE-E), dichloromethane (DCM-E) and methanol extracts (MeOH-E) from the aerial parts of the native South American plant Tetraglochin ameghinoi (Rosaceae), were evaluated regarding their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by free radical scavenging methods (DPPH and TEAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and lipoperoxidation in erythrocytes (LP), while the antibacterial activity was performed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The chemical and biological analyses of this plant are very important since this bush is currently used in traditional medicine as a cholagogue and digestive. The polar MeOH-E showed the highest antioxidant activities (17.70 µg/mL in the DPPH assay, 381.43 ± 22.38 mM TE/g extract in the FRAP assay, 387.76 ± 91.93 mg TE/g extract in the TEAC assay and 93.23 + 6.77% in the LP assay) and it was selected for chromatographic isolation of its components. These components were found to be four acetophenones, including the new phloracetophenone glucoside: 4′,6′,-dihydroxy-2′-O-(6″-acetyl)-β-d-glucopyranosylacetophenone or IUPAC name: (6-(2-acetyl-3,5-dihydroxyphenoxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methyl acetate, whose structure was elucidated by NMR and MS methods. In addition, twenty-six compounds, including five of these acetophenone derivatives, two sugars, six flavonoids, eleven phenolic acids and two triterpenes, were identified based on UHPLC-OT-MS and PDA analysis on the MeOH-E. The results support the medicinal use of the plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Luna
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Li bertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP5400, Argentina.
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile.
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile.
| | - Beatriz Lima
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Li bertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP5400, Argentina.
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología), CABA, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina.
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales Depto. de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Gabriela E Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Li bertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP5400, Argentina.
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología), CABA, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina.
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Li bertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP5400, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Brito I, Bórquez J, Robledo D, Simirgiotis MJ, Cárdenas A. ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF 18-ACETOXY-CIS-CLERODA-3,13E-DIEN-15-OIC ACID. J Chil Chem Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-97072018000304086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
39
|
Sánchez-Montoya EL, Reyes MA, Pardo J, Nuñez-Alarcón J, Ortiz JG, Jorge JC, Bórquez J, Mocan A, Simirgiotis MJ. High Resolution UHPLC-MS Metabolomics and Sedative-Anxiolytic Effects of Latua pubiflora: A Mystic Plant used by Mapuche Amerindians. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:494. [PMID: 28798689 PMCID: PMC5527703 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Latua pubiflora (Griseb) Phil. Is a native shrub of the Solanaceae family that grows freely in southern Chile and is employed among Mapuche aboriginals to induce sedative effects and hallucinations in religious or medicine rituals since prehispanic times. In this work, the pentobarbital-induced sleeping test and the elevated plus maze test were employed to test the behavioral effects of extracts of this plant in mice. The psychopharmacological evaluation of L. pubiflora extracts in mice determined that both alkaloid-enriched as well as the non-alkaloid extracts produced an increase of sleeping time and alteration of motor activity in mice at 150 mg/Kg. The alkaloid extract exhibited anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus maze test, which was counteracted by flumazenil. In addition, the alkaloid extract from L. pubiflora decreased [3H]-flunitrazepam binding on rat cortical membranes. In this study we have identified 18 tropane alkaloids (peaks 1-4, 8-13, 15-18, 21, 23, 24, and 28), 8 phenolic acids and related compounds (peaks 5-7, 14, 19, 20, 22, and 29) and 7 flavonoids (peaks 25-27 and 30-33) in extracts of L. pubiflora by UHPLC-PDA-MS which are responsible for the biological activity. This study assessed for the first time the sedative-anxiolytic effects of L. pubiflora in rats besides the high resolution metabolomics analysis including the finding of pharmacologically important tropane alkaloids and glycosylated flavonoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco A Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Farmacia, Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia, Chile
| | - Joel Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Farmacia, Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia, Chile
| | - Juana Nuñez-Alarcón
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química, Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia, Chile
| | - José G Ortiz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Puerto RicoSan Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Juan C Jorge
- Department of Anatomy, University of Puerto RicoSan Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de AntofagastaAntofagasta, Chile
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu"Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,ICHAT and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary MedicineCluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Farmacia, Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia, Chile.,Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System, Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nwokocha C, Palacios J, Simirgiotis MJ, Thomas J, Nwokocha M, Young L, Thompson R, Cifuentes F, Paredes A, Delgoda R. Aqueous extract from leaf of Artocarpus altilis provides cardio-protection from isoproterenol induced myocardial damage in rats: Negative chronotropic and inotropic effects. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 203:163-170. [PMID: 28342858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn, Fosberg) (Moraceae) are used in the management of hypertension; this study assessed the cardio-protective effects of the leaf extract on isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial damage in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty (20) adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (175-230g) were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 (Control), 2 (AA) received 50mg/Kg Artocarpus altilis (AA) only; 3 (ISO) received 85mg/Kg ISO only; 4 (ISO+AA/50) and 5 (ISO+AA/100) received 50 and 100mg/Kg AA respectively for 6 days, after induced with ISO twice (85mg/Kg) at a 24-h period. Blood pressure readings were taken before and after the administering of ISO using the tail cuff method. ECG was performed on anaesthetized rats. Cardiac contractility was measured in isolated right atrial muscles. Assessment of myocardial infarct (MI) size, heart/body weight ratio, biochemical, hematological and histo-morphological parameters were conducted at the end of seven days. An aqueous extract from leaves of A. altilis was analyzed for organic compounds using UHPLC mass spectrometry. RESULTS ISO induced myocardial damage through an elevation of the heart rate (HR), infarct size and ECG distortions. Treatment with AA significantly (p˂0.05) reduced heart/body weight ratio (49%), MI (96%), HR (27%), sympathovagal imbalance (36%) and serum cardiac biomarkers (AST, LDH, HDL, triglycerides and CCK) caused by ISO. AA decreased the beat frequency of isolated right atrium (11%) cause by ISO, an action similar to propranolol (beta-adrenergic antagonist; 20%), but showed no significant changes in the QTc intervals of the ECG (suggesting no cardio-toxic drug-herb interactions), Thirty nine compounds were detected using high resolution LC-MS analysis (HPLC-Orbitrap-APCI-MS) in the extract. Pure compounds, as gallic acid and rutin, presented a higher negative chronotropic effect, similar to propranolol. CONCLUSION Oral administration of aqueous extract of Artocarpus artilis has cardio-protective functions in myocardial injury, in part, by decreasing the HR, reduced contractility and infarct size. These findings may explain the cardio-protective use of A. altilis in traditional medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuemeka Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Javier Palacios
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de EtnoFarmacología (IDE), Universidad Arturo Prat, Chile.
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Jemesha Thomas
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Jamaica
| | - Lauriann Young
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Rory Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Jamaica
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Adrian Paredes
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Rupika Delgoda
- Natural Products Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Jamaica
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Echiburu-Chau C, Pastén L, Parra C, Bórquez J, Mocan A, Simirgiotis MJ. High resolution UHPLC-MS characterization and isolation of main compounds from the antioxidant medicinal plant Parastrephia lucida (Meyen). Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1032-1039. [PMID: 29158712 PMCID: PMC5681312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution mass spectrometry is currently used to determine the mass of biologically active compounds in medicinal plants and food and UHPLC-Orbitrap is a relatively new technology that allows fast fingerprinting and metabolomics analysis. Forty-two metabolites including several phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarines, tremetones and ent-clerodane diterpenes were accurately identified for the first time in the resin of the medicinal plant Parastrephia lucida (Asteraceae) a Chilean native species, commonly called umatola, collected in the pre-cordillera and altiplano regions of northern Chile, by means of UHPLC-PDA-HR-MS. This could be possible by the state of the art technology employed, which allowed well resolved total ion current peaks and the proposal of some biosynthetic relationships between the compounds detected. Some mayor compounds were also isolated using HSCCC. The ethanolic extract showed high total polyphenols content and significant antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, several biological assays were performed that determined the high antioxidant capacity found for the mayor compound isolated from the plant, 11- p-coumaroyloxyltremetone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Echiburu-Chau
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Av. General Velásquez, 1775, Edificio CIHDE, Piso 2, Arica, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Leyla Pastén
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Claudio Parra
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Av. General Velásquez, 1775, Edificio CIHDE, Piso 2, Arica, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Ghe. Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 400010, Romania
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Llorent-Martínez EJ, Ortega-Barrales P, Zengin G, Mocan A, Simirgiotis MJ, Ceylan R, Uysal S, Aktumsek A. Evaluation of antioxidant potential, enzyme inhibition activity and phenolic profile of Lathyrus cicera and Lathyrus digitatus: Potential sources of bioactive compounds for the food industry. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:609-619. [PMID: 28263865 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The genus Lathyrus has great importance in terms of food and agricultural areas. In this study, the in vitro antioxidant activity (phosphomolybdenum, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC and metal chelating) and enzyme inhibitory activity evaluation (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase) of L. cicera and L. digitatus were investigated, as well as their phytochemical profiles. The screening of the main phytochemical compounds in aerial parts of L. cicera and L. digitatus was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ESI-MSn), observing that flavonoids represent the highest percentage of identified compounds, with abundance of tri- and tetra-glycosilated flavonoids, including acylated ones, especially in L. cicera. Generally, L. digitatus exhibited stronger antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities in correlation with its higher level of phenolics. The high number of phenolic compounds and the results of the antioxidant and enzyme assays suggest that these plants may be further used as sources of bioactive compounds, and for the preparation of new nutraceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E J Llorent-Martínez
- Regional Institute for Applied Chemistry Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain
| | - P Ortega-Barrales
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas S/N, Jaén E-23071, Spain
| | - G Zengin
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campus, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - A Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8, V. Babes Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - M J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - R Ceylan
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campus, 42250, Konya, Turkey
| | - S Uysal
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campus, 42250, Konya, Turkey
| | - A Aktumsek
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campus, 42250, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bórquez J, Bartolucci NL, Echiburú-Chau C, Winterhalter P, Vallejos J, Jerz G, Simirgiotis MJ. Isolation of cytotoxic diterpenoids from the Chilean medicinal plant Azorella compacta Phil from the Atacama Desert by high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:2832-2838. [PMID: 26425819 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azorella compacta (Apiaceae) is a native Chilean cushion shrub which produces a resin containing mulinane and azorellane diterpenoids. This plant has been used since pre-Colombian times to treat inflammation and dental neuralgias. In this work the first preparative fractionation of diterpenoids present in this plant by means of high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was applied, and cytotoxic effects of the isolated compounds were evaluated for the first time against a panel of MCF7 cells. RESULTS The major compounds isolated were identified by means of spectroscopy as azorellanol, 13α, 14α-dihydroxymulin-11-en-20-oic acid, mulinolic acid, mulin-11,13-dien-20-oic acid, 17-acetoxy-mulin-11,13-dien-20 oic acid, and 17-acetoxy-mulinic acid (compounds 7, 9-11 and 13, respectively), and four minor diterpenoids [7-deacetyl-azorellanol (6), 13-epi-azorellanol, 7-acetoxy-mulin-9,12-diene, and 17-acetoxy-mulin-11,13-dien-20-oic acid (compounds 4, 8 and 12)], together with three new minor diterpenoids: 13β,14β-dihydroxymulin-11-en-20-oic acid (1), 13-epiazorellanone (2) and 13-epi-7-deacetyl-azorellanol (3) were identified. Besides, compounds 4, 6, 7, 8 and 11 displayed good cytotoxic activity (less than 50% cell viability at 100 µM). Among them, compound 7, an acetylated azorellane, was the most active. CONCLUSIONS HSCCC allowed the isolation of 13 diterpenoids present in A. compacta. Three compounds are reported for the first time. Isolated azorellanes are more potent cytotoxic agents than are mulinanes. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta, 1240000, Chile
| | - Nandy López Bartolucci
- Laboratorio de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (LIIB), Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Av. General Velásquez, 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - Carlos Echiburú-Chau
- Laboratorio de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (LIIB), Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Av. General Velásquez, 1775, Arica, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Av. General Velásquez, 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitz-Strasse 20, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Javier Vallejos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Católica del Norte, Av. Angamos 610, Antofagasta, 1240000, Chile
| | - Gerold Jerz
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitz-Strasse 20, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta, 1240000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Simirgiotis MJ, Quispe C, Bórquez J, Areche C, Sepúlveda B. Fast Detection of Phenolic Compounds in Extracts of Easter Pears (Pyrus communis) from the Atacama Desert by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap/MS/MS). Molecules 2016; 21:92. [PMID: 26784158 PMCID: PMC6273977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A small Chilean variety of pears growing in the town of Toconao, an oasis located at the northeastern edge of the Salar de Atacama, northern Chile, was studied by means of modern PDA and high resolution mass spectral data (UHPLC-PDA-HESI-orbitrap-MS/MS). In addition, the antioxidant features of the fruits were compared with the varieties Packhman’s Triumph and Abate Fetel and correlated with the presence of phenolic compounds. The non-pigmented phenolics were fingerprinted and related to the antioxidant capacities measured by the bleaching of the DPPH radical, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the superoxide anion scavenging activity assay (SA), and total content of phenolics and flavonoids measured by spectroscopic methods. The machine allowed a fast separation of 15 min employing a flow rate of 1 mL per minute and could accurately identify 25 compounds, including several isorhamnetin derivatives and phenolic acids, present in the peel and pulps of this Chilean variety for the first time. The compounds were monitored using a wavelength range of 210–800 nm. The native small Chilean pear showed the highest antioxidant activity measured as the bleaching of the DPPH radical, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and superoxide anion scavenging activity (8.61 ± 0.65 μg/mL, 712.63 ± 12.12 micromols trolox equivalents (μmol/TE)/100 g FW, and 82.89% ± 2.52% at 100 μg/mL, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Simirgiotis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1110939, Chile.
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800024, Chile.
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Simirgiotis MJ, Benites J, Areche C, Sepúlveda B. Antioxidant Capacities and Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Three Endemic Nolana Species by HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS. Molecules 2015; 20:11490-507. [PMID: 26111178 PMCID: PMC6272610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200611490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant features, polyphenolic composition and chromatographic fingerprints of the aerial parts from three Chilean endemic plants from the Paposo Valley located on the cost of the Atacama Desert were investigated for the first time using high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector and electrospray ionization mass analysis (HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS) and spectroscopic methods. The phenolic fingerprints obtained for the plants were compared and correlated with the antioxidant capacities measured by the bleaching of the DPPH radical, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and quantification of the total content of phenolics and flavonoids measured by spectroscopic methods. Thirty phenolics were identified for the first time for these species, mostly phenolic acids, flavanones, flavonols and some of their glycoside derivatives, together with three saturated fatty acids (stearic, palmitic and arachidic acids). Nolana ramosissima showed the highest antioxidant activity (26.35 ± 1.02 μg/mL, 116.07 ± 3.42 μM Trolox equivalents/g dry weight and 81.23% ± 3.77% of inhibition in the DPPH, FRAP and scavenging activity (SA) assays, respectively), followed by N. aplocaryoides (85.19 ± 1.64 μg/mL, 65.87 ± 2.33 μM TE/g DW and 53.27% ± 3.07%) and N. leptophylla (124.71 ± 3.01, 44.23 ± 5.18 μM TE/g DW and 38.63% ± 1.85%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Simirgiotis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Julio Benites
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile.
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800024, Chile.
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Areche C, Benites J, Cornejo A, Ruiz LM, García-Beltrán O, Simirgiotis MJ, Sepúlveda B. Seco-taondiol, an unusual meroterpenoid from the Chilean seaweed Stypopodium flabelliforme and its gastroprotective effect in mouse model. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:1726-38. [PMID: 25830679 PMCID: PMC4413184 DOI: 10.3390/md13041726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten known meroterpenoids and the new meroterpenoid 7 were isolated from the Chilean seaweed Stypopodium flabelliforme as their acetylated derivatives. Furthermore, the known metabolite taondiol has been isolated for the first time from this species. The molecular structure of the new metabolite was determined by spectroscopic methods based on 1D- and 2D-NMR. Isolation of 7 represents a key step toward a better understanding of the biogenesis of this class of meroterpenoids. Among the meroditerpenoids isolated, stypodiol, isoepitaondiol, epitaondiol and sargaol exhibited gastroprotective activity on the HCl/Ethanol-induced gastric lesions model in mice. Regarding the mode of gastroprotective action, the activity of epitaondiol was reversed significantly when animals were pretreated with indomethacin, N-ethylmaleimide and N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) suggesting that prostaglandins, sulfhydryl groups and nitric oxide are involved in their mode of gastroprotective action. In the case of sargaol the gastroprotective activity was attenuated with indomethacin and N-ethylmaleimide, which suggests that prostaglandins and sulfhydryl groups are also involved in the mode of action using this model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Julio Benites
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile.
| | - Alberto Cornejo
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile.
| | - Lina M Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910132, Chile.
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué 730001, Colombia.
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- Departmento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ramirez JE, Zambrano R, Sepúlveda B, Kennelly EJ, Simirgiotis MJ. Anthocyanins and antioxidant capacities of six Chilean berries by HPLC-HR-ESI-ToF-MS. Food Chem 2014; 176:106-14. [PMID: 25624212 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The HPLC profiles of six fruits endemic of the VIII region of Chile were investigated using high resolution mass analysis (HR-ToF-ESI-MS). The anthocyanin fingerprints generated for the fruits were compared and the antioxidant capacities measured by the scavenging of the DPPH radical, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the superoxide anion scavenging activity assay (SA), and correlated with the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in human erythrocytes (LP) and total content of phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins measured by spectroscopic methods. Several anthocyanins were identified, including 3-O-glycosides derivatives of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin and malvidin. Three phenolic acids (feruloyl-quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and neochlorogenic acid) and five flavonols (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, quercetin, rutin, myricetin and isorhamnetin) were also identified. Calafate fruits showed the highest antioxidant activity. However, the highest LP activity was found for Chilean blueberries (>95%) followed by calafate fruits (91.27%) and luma (83.4%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier E Ramirez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Ricardo Zambrano
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Los Fresnos N 52, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, United States
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Simirgiotis MJ, Vallejos J, Areche C, Sepúlveda B. Concise and straightforward asymmetric synthesis of a cyclic natural hydroxy-amino acid. Molecules 2014; 19:19516-31. [PMID: 25432006 PMCID: PMC6271146 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An enantioselective total synthesis of the natural amino acid (2S,4R,5R)-4,5-di-hydroxy-pipecolic acid starting from D-glucoheptono-1, 4-lactone is presented. The best sequence employed as a key step the intramolecular nucleophilic displacement by an amino function of a 6-O-p-toluene-sulphonyl derivative of a methyl D-arabino-hexonate and involved only 12 steps with an overall yield of 19%. The structures of the compounds synthesized were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic (NMR and MS) and computational analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Simirgiotis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avenida Universidad de Antofagasta 02800, Casilla 170, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Javier Vallejos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Católica del Norte, Av. Angamos 610, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800024, Chile.
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Salgado F, Areche C, Sepúlveda B, Simirgiotis MJ, Cáceres F, Quispe C, Quispe L, Cano T. A new mulinane diterpenoid from the cushion shrub Azorella compacta growing in Perú. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:S543-8. [PMID: 25298672 PMCID: PMC4189270 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.139807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Azorella compacta is a rare yellow-green compact resinous cushion shrub growing from the high Andes of southern Perú to northwestern Argentina, and which is a producer of biologically active and unique diterpenoids. Objective: This study investigated the secondary metabolites present in a Peruvian sample of Azorella compacta and the evaluation of gastroprotective activity of the isolated compounds in a gastric- induced ulcer model in mice. Material and Methods: Six secondary metabolites (diterpenoids 1-6) present in the dichloromethane (DCM) extract of A. compacta growing in Perú were isolated by a combination of Sephadex LH-20 permeation and silica gel chromatography and their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (NMR) and molecular modeling. The gastroprotective activity of the new compound 1 was evaluated on the HCl/EtOH-induced gastric lesion model in mice and compared to the activity showed by the known compounds. Results: A new mulinane diterpene along with five known diterpenoids have been isolated from a Peruvian sample of A. compacta and the gastroprotective results show that compound 1 is less active than the other known mulinane diterpenoids isolated. Conclusions: A. compacta growing in Perú showed the presence of the new mulinane 1, which was poorly active in the HCl/EtOH-induced gastric lesion model in mice. Indeed, the activity was lower than other diterpenoids (2-6) showing an oxygenated function at C-16 or/and C-20, which confirm the role of an oxygenated group (OH or carboxylic acid) for the gastroprotective activity of mulinane compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Salgado
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Areche
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Andres Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Fátima Cáceres
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Biological and Agricultural, National University of San Agustin, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute of Natural Resources, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Lina Quispe
- Laboratory Unit of Post-graduate School of Natural and Formal Sciences, National University of San Agustin, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Teresa Cano
- Laboratory Unit of Post-graduate School of Natural and Formal Sciences, National University of San Agustin, Arequipa, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Brito A, Areche C, Sepúlveda B, Kennelly EJ, Simirgiotis MJ. Anthocyanin characterization, total phenolic quantification and antioxidant features of some Chilean edible berry extracts. Molecules 2014; 19:10936-55. [PMID: 25072199 PMCID: PMC6271127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190810936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The anthocyanin composition and HPLC fingerprints of six small berries endemic of the VIII region of Chile were investigated using high resolution mass analysis for the first time (HR-ToF-ESI-MS). The antioxidant features of the six endemic species were compared, including a variety of blueberries which is one of the most commercially significant berry crops in Chile. The anthocyanin fingerprints obtained for the fruits were compared and correlated with the antioxidant features measured by the bleaching of the DPPH radical, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the superoxide anion scavenging activity assay (SA), and total content of phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins measured by spectroscopic methods. Thirty one anthocyanins were identified, and the major ones were quantified by HPLC-DAD, mostly branched 3-O-glycosides of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin and malvidin. Three phenolic acids (feruloylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and neochlorogenic acid) and five flavonols (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, quercetin, rutin, myricetin and isorhamnetin) were also identified. Calafate fruits showed the highest antioxidant activity (2.33 ± 0.21 μg/mL in the DPPH assay), followed by blueberry (3.32 ± 0.18 μg/mL), and arrayán (5.88 ± 0.21), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anghel Brito
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800024, Chile.
| | - Beatriz Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Coloso S-N, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|