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Palacios J, Asunción-Alvarez D, Aravena D, Chiong M, Catalán MA, Parra C, Cifuentes F, Paredes A. A new oxime synthesized from Senecio nutans SCh. Bip (chachacoma) reduces calcium influx in the vascular contractile response in rat aorta. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9933-9942. [PMID: 38528924 PMCID: PMC10962255 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01058b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Senecio nutans Sch. Bip is an endemic plant commonly employed in the Andes culture to counteract the effects of mountain sickness, and its bioactive molecules could provide new drugs for treating hypertension. The purpose was to determine whether the vascular response of the plant bioactive molecules, such as (5-acetyl-6-hydroxy-2-isopropenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurane; Sn-I), could be improved by a simple structural modification to synthesize oximes (Ox-Sn-I). We characterized both compounds using IR and NMR spectroscopy and Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence (HMQC). We investigated vascular relaxation mechanisms in response to Sn-I and Ox-Sn-I using rat aorta and vascular smooth muscle cells (A7r5) as experimental models. Preincubation of aortic rings with Sn-I (10-5 M) significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the contractile effect in response to phenylephrine (PE) and potassium chloride (KCl). The sensitivity (EC50) to PE significantly (p < 0.01) decreased in the presence of Sn-I (10-5 M), but not with Ox-Sn-I. Sn-I significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the PE-induced contraction under calcium-free conditions. When A7r5 cells were preincubated with Sn-I and Ox-Sn-I (10-5 M), both compounds blunted the increase in intracellular Ca2+ induced by KCl. 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurane derived from S. nutans (Sn-I) reduces the contractile response probably by blocking Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) in vascular smooth cells. This effect also causes relaxation in rat aorta mediated by reduction of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, rather than an increase of NO generation in endothelial vascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Iquique 1110939 Chile
| | - Daniel Asunción-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Iquique 1110939 Chile
| | - Diego Aravena
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Iquique 1110939 Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas Santiago Chile
| | - Marcelo A Catalán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia 5090000 Chile
| | - Claudio Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción Edmundo Larenas 129 Concepción 4070371 Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental (EPhyL), Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta Antofagasta 1271155 Chile
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta Antofagasta 1271155 Chile
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Parra C, Muñoz-Torres P, Escobar H, Simirgiotis MJ, Contreras-Contreras G, Ruiz-Fernández Á, Maulen C, Martínez-Cifuentes M, Mariotti-Celis MS. Effect of In Vitro Micropropagation on the Chemical, Antioxidant, and Biological Characteristics of Senecio nutans Sch. Bip., an Endemic Plant of the Atacama Desert Andean Region. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:755. [PMID: 38592747 PMCID: PMC10976176 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The species Senecio nutans Sch. Bip., commonly called "chachacoma", is widely used as a medicinal plant by the Andean communities of Northern Chile. Ethanolic extracts of S. nutans and the main compound, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) acetophenone, have shown interesting biological activity. However, due to the high-altitude areas where this species is found, access to S. nutans is very limited. Due to the latter, in this work, we carried out micropropagation in vitro and ex vitro adaptation techniques as an alternative for the massive multiplication, conservation, and in vitro production of high-value metabolites from this plant. The micropropagation and ex vitro adaptation techniques were successfully employed, and UHPLC-DAD analysis revealed no significant changes in the phenolic profile, with acetophenone 4 being the most abundant metabolite, whose antioxidant and antibacterial activity was studied. Independently of the applied culture condition, the ethanolic extracts of S. nutans presented high activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, demonstrating their antimicrobial capacity. This successful initiation of in vitro and ex vitro cultures provides a biotechnological approach for the conservation of S. nutans and ensures a reliable and consistent source of acetophenone 4 as a potential raw material for pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070371, Chile;
| | - Patricio Muñoz-Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (P.M.-T.); (H.E.)
| | - Hugo Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (P.M.-T.); (H.E.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Farmacia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
| | | | | | - Cristian Maulen
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070371, Chile;
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Martínez-Cifuentes M, Soto-Tapia E, Linares-Pipón C, Bradshaw B, Valenzuela-Hormazabal P, Ramírez D, Muñoz-Torres P, Parra C. Design of β-Keto Esters with Antibacterial Activity: Synthesis, In Vitro Evaluation, and Theoretical Assessment of Their Reactivity and Quorum-Sensing Inhibition Capacity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1339. [PMID: 37895810 PMCID: PMC10610512 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work proposes the design of β-keto esters as antibacterial compounds. The design was based on the structure of the autoinducer of bacterial quorum sensing, N-(3-oxo-hexanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C6-HSL). Eight β-keto ester analogues were synthesised with good yields and were spectroscopically characterised, showing that the compounds were only present in their β-keto ester tautomer form. We carried out a computational analysis of the reactivity and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) properties of the compounds as well as molecular docking and molecular dynamics calculations with the LasR and LuxS quorum-sensing (QS) proteins, which are involved in bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The results show that all the compounds exhibit reliable ADME properties and that only compound 7 can present electrophile toxicity. The theoretical reactivity study shows that compounds 6 and 8 present a differential local reactivity regarding the rest of the series. Compound 8 presents the most promising potential in terms of its ability to interact with the LasR and LuxS QS proteins efficiently according to its molecular docking and molecular dynamics calculations. An initial in vitro antimicrobial screening was performed against the human pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus as well as the phytopathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Compounds 6 and 8 exhibit the most promising results in the in vitro antimicrobial screening against the panel of bacteria studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Martínez-Cifuentes
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Concepción 4070371, Chile; (E.S.-T.); (C.L.-P.)
| | - Emmanuel Soto-Tapia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Concepción 4070371, Chile; (E.S.-T.); (C.L.-P.)
| | - Camila Linares-Pipón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Concepción 4070371, Chile; (E.S.-T.); (C.L.-P.)
| | - Ben Bradshaw
- Laboratori de Química Orgánica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Paulina Valenzuela-Hormazabal
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (P.V.-H.); (D.R.)
| | - David Ramírez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (P.V.-H.); (D.R.)
| | - Patricio Muñoz-Torres
- Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal y Bioproductos, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Av. General Velásquez 1775, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Claudio Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Concepción 4070371, Chile; (E.S.-T.); (C.L.-P.)
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Parra C, Boada M, Rojas A, Pallache A, Trenchs V, Luaces C. Patient experience among adolescents in a Spanish paediatric emergency department. J Healthc Qual Res 2022:S2603-6479(22)00100-2. [PMID: 36543622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Parra
- Paediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Influencia del entorno en el bienestar del niño y del adolescente [Influence of the Environment on the Well-being of Children and Adolescents], Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - M Boada
- Paediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - A Rojas
- Paediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - A Pallache
- Paediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - V Trenchs
- Paediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Influencia del entorno en el bienestar del niño y del adolescente [Influence of the Environment on the Well-being of Children and Adolescents], Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Luaces
- Paediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Influencia del entorno en el bienestar del niño y del adolescente [Influence of the Environment on the Well-being of Children and Adolescents], Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Dighero B, Verdugo FJ, Fuentes H, Herrera M, Sandoval J, Muñoz C, Dauvergne C, Ortega Y, Parra C, Torres G. Chronic angina secondary to Takayasu arteritis. Report of one case. Rev Med Chil 2022; 150:1534-1539. [PMID: 37358180 DOI: 10.4067/s0034-98872022001101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Chronic coronary syndromes are usually considered uncommon in young women, related to slower progression of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, have atypical clinical presentations, and experience less diagnostic investigation. Non-atherosclerotic causes of coronary artery disease should be considered in young women experiencing angina. We report a 25-year-old woman who consulted for five months of moderate exertion angina. Physical examination revealed a right carotid bruit and asymmetrical upper extremity peripheral pulses. Initial work-up and imaging allowed to diagnose aortitis with bilateral coronary ostial stenosis secondary to Takayasu's arteritis. The patient experienced an apparent clinical response to initial medical therapy. However, follow-up evaluation revealed persistence of significant ischemia and requirement for myocardial revascularization. A percutaneous coronary intervention was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Dighero
- Cardiology Unit, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Hugo Fuentes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Herrera
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Sandoval
- Department of Cardiology, Instituto Nacional del Torax, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Muñoz
- Cardiovascular Surgery Service, Instituto Nacional del Tórax, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Yenny Ortega
- Cardiology Unit, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Parra
- Cardiology Unit, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile
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Flores E, Mella JD, Aparicio E, Gonzalez RI, Parra C, Bringa EM, Munoz F. Inducing a topological transition in graphene nanoribbon superlattices by external strain. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7134-7143. [PMID: 35262146 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00038e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Armchair graphene nanoribbons, when forming a superlattice, can be classified into different topological phases, with or without edge states. By means of tight-binding and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we studied the electronic and mechanical properties of some of these superlattices. MD shows that fracture in modulated superlattices is brittle, as for unmodulated ribbons, and occurs at the thinner regions, with staggered superlattices achieving a larger fracture strain than inline superlattices. We found a general mechanism to induce a topological transition with strain, related to the electronic properties of each segment of the superlattice, and by studying the sublattice polarization we were able to characterize the transition and the response of these states to the strain. For the cases studied in detail here, the topological transition occurred at ∼3-5% strain, well below the fracture strain. The topological states of the superlattice - if present - are robust to strain even close to fracture. The topological transition was characterized by means of the sublattice polarization of the states.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Flores
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José D Mella
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Aparicio
- CONICET and Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - R I Gonzalez
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile. .,Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Parra
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaiso, Chile.
| | - E M Bringa
- CONICET and Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina.,Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
| | - F Munoz
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Vargas-Arana G, Merino-Zegarra C, Riquelme-Penaherrera M, Nonato-Ramirez L, Delgado-Wong H, Pertino MW, Parra C, Simirgiotis MJ. Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Capacities, Nutritional Analysis and UHPLC-PDA-MS Characterization of Cocona Fruits ( Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) from the Peruvian Amazon. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1566. [PMID: 34679701 PMCID: PMC8533405 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocona fruits are a popular food and medicinal fruit used mainly in the Amazon and several countries of South America for the preparation of several food products such as drinks, jams and milk shakes. In this study five ecotypes of cocona native to Peru have been studied regarding their nutritional and antioxidants values plus antihyperlipidemic activities. Seventy bioactive compounds have been detected in Peruvian cocona ecotypes including several phenolic acids, aminoacids and flavonoids; of those six were spermidines, (peaks 1, 2, 25, 26, 38 and 39), thirteen were aminoacids, (peaks 3-9, 11-13, 16, 17, 22-24), eighteen flavonoids (peaks 28, 30-32 45,46, 48-53 56, 57, 61 and 64-66), twelve were phenolics (peaks 19, 21, 27, 29, 34, 35, 36, 42, 43, 44, 54, and 59), two carotenoids, (peak 62 and 63), eight were lipid derivatives (peaks 37, 55, 58, 60 and 67-70), one sugar (peak 47), four terpenes (peaks 33, 40, 41 and 47), two amides, (peaks 10 and 18), one aldehyde, (peak 15), and three saturated organic acids, (peaks 4, 5 and 20). Hypercholesterolemic rats administered with pulp of the ecotypes CTR and SRN9 showed the lowest cholesterol and triglyceride levels after treatment (126.74 ± 6.63; 102.11 ± 9.47; 58.16 ± 6.64; 61.05 ± 4.00 mg/dL, for cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein respectively, for the group treated with SRN9 pulp, and 130.09 ± 8.55; 108.51 ± 10.04; 57.30 ± 5.72; and 65.41 ± 7.68 mg/dL, for cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL lipoproteins respectively for the group treated with CTR pulp). The ecotypes proved to be good sources of natural antioxidants and their consumption represent an alternative for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Vargas-Arana
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos 16001, Peru;
| | - Claudia Merino-Zegarra
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos 16001, Peru;
| | - Marcos Riquelme-Penaherrera
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16001, Peru; (M.R.-P.); (L.N.-R.); (H.D.-W.)
| | - Luis Nonato-Ramirez
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16001, Peru; (M.R.-P.); (L.N.-R.); (H.D.-W.)
| | - Henry Delgado-Wong
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16001, Peru; (M.R.-P.); (L.N.-R.); (H.D.-W.)
| | - Mariano Walter Pertino
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Claudio Parra
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Av. General Velásquez 1775, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 509000, Chile
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Bustos L, Soto E, Parra F, Echiburu-Chau C, Parra C. Brewing of a Porter Craft Beer Enriched with the Plant Parastrephia lucida: A Promising Source of Antioxidant Compounds. Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2019.1644478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Bustos
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Arica, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Emilio Soto
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Arica, Chile
| | - Felipe Parra
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Arica, Chile
| | | | - Claudio Parra
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Arica, Chile
- Laboratorio de Química Médica y Productos Naturales, Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronomicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
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Diánez F, Santos M, Parra C, Navarro MJ, Blanco R, Gea FJ. Screening of antifungal activity of 12 essential oils against eight pathogenic fungi of vegetables and mushroom. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 67:400-410. [PMID: 30022505 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The antifungal properties of 12 Eos, that is, Syzygium aromaticum, Pelargonium graveolens, Lavandula angustifolia, Cupresus sempervirens, Mentha piperita, Santolina chamaecyparissus, Citrus sinensis, Pogostemon patchouli, Thymus mastichina, Thymus vulgaris, Eucalyptus globulus and Rosmarinus officinalis, were screened. The influence of five doses of each EOs was tested against Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora parasitica, Pythium aphanidermatum, Alternaria brassicae, Cladobotryum mycophilum and Trichoderma aggressivum f.sp. europaeum using disc-diffusion method. The mycelial growth inhibition and ED50 were calculated. The chemical analysis of the EOs was analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. A total of 58 compounds were identified in the 12 EOs. All essential oils (EOs) analysed showed antifungal activity against the test pathogens in the range of 5·32-100%. The inhibitory effect of oils showed dose-dependent activity on the tested fungus. Based on the ED50 values, clove, rose geranium, peppermint and patchouli were the most effective. This study warrants further research into the practical use of EOs for the control of important myco- and phytopathogens in intensive horticulture. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Due to the serious damage caused by fungal pathogens of vegetables and mushrooms, it is necessary to search for integrated strategies of disease control. This study provides relevant information about the effects of 12 essential oils (EOs) against eight pathogens of agricultural interest, included mycopathogens with emphasis on the possible future application of the EOs as alternative antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Diánez
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - M Santos
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - C Parra
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - M J Navarro
- Centro de Investigación, Experimentación y Servicios del Champiñón (CIES), Quintanar del Rey, Cuenca, Spain
| | - R Blanco
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - F J Gea
- Centro de Investigación, Experimentación y Servicios del Champiñón (CIES), Quintanar del Rey, Cuenca, Spain
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Abstract
A simple and straightforward assembly of the yohimban skeleton was achieved by condensation of an acyclic β-keto ester with tryptamine, followed by consecutive cross metathesis and tandem cyclization reactions, leading to the formation of three new rings. The whole process was readily carried out in the one-flask providing a rapid entry to the pentacyclic scaffold of yohimbine alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Solís
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona
| | - Josep Bonjoch
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona
| | - Ben Bradshaw
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona
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Colorado J, Perez M, Mondragon I, Mendez D, Parra C, Devia C, Martinez-Moritz J, Neira L. An integrated aerial system for landmine detection: SDR-based Ground Penetrating Radar onboard an autonomous drone. Adv Robot 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01691864.2017.1351393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Colorado
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - M. Perez
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - I. Mondragon
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - D. Mendez
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - C. Parra
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - C. Devia
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - J. Martinez-Moritz
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - L. Neira
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
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12
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Parra C, Soto E, León G, Salas CO, Heinrich M, Echiburú-Chau C. Nutritional composition, antioxidant activity and isolation of scopoletin from Senecio nutans: support of ancestral and new uses. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:719-722. [PMID: 28587480 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1335726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Continuing with our study characterising Senecio nutans Sch. Bip., we have isolated and identified a simple coumarin, scopoletin, that could be relevant for the biological properties of the species related with the ancestral medical uses. This is the first report of scopoletin from S. nutans. In addition, the extract was analysed for its antioxidant activity using the ABTS and FRAP method as well as providing the first nutritional analyses of this plant from northern Chile highlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Parra
- a Laboratorio de Química Médica y Productos Naturales , Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE) , Arica , Chile
| | - Emilio Soto
- a Laboratorio de Química Médica y Productos Naturales , Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE) , Arica , Chile
| | - Gloria León
- b Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química , Universidad de Tarapacá , Arica , Chile
| | - Cristian O Salas
- c Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Michael Heinrich
- d Research Cluster 'Biodiversity and Medicines' / Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy' , UCL School of Pharmacy , London , UK
| | - Carlos Echiburú-Chau
- a Laboratorio de Química Médica y Productos Naturales , Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE) , Arica , Chile.,e Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad de Tarapacá , Arica , Chile
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13
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Echiburu-Chau C, Pastén L, Parra C, Bórquez J, Mocan A, Simirgiotis MJ. High resolution UHPLC-MS characterization and isolation of main compounds from the antioxidant medicinal plant Parastrephia lucida (Meyen). Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1032-1039. [PMID: 29158712 PMCID: PMC5681312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution mass spectrometry is currently used to determine the mass of biologically active compounds in medicinal plants and food and UHPLC-Orbitrap is a relatively new technology that allows fast fingerprinting and metabolomics analysis. Forty-two metabolites including several phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarines, tremetones and ent-clerodane diterpenes were accurately identified for the first time in the resin of the medicinal plant Parastrephia lucida (Asteraceae) a Chilean native species, commonly called umatola, collected in the pre-cordillera and altiplano regions of northern Chile, by means of UHPLC-PDA-HR-MS. This could be possible by the state of the art technology employed, which allowed well resolved total ion current peaks and the proposal of some biosynthetic relationships between the compounds detected. Some mayor compounds were also isolated using HSCCC. The ethanolic extract showed high total polyphenols content and significant antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, several biological assays were performed that determined the high antioxidant capacity found for the mayor compound isolated from the plant, 11- p-coumaroyloxyltremetone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Echiburu-Chau
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Av. General Velásquez, 1775, Edificio CIHDE, Piso 2, Arica, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Leyla Pastén
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Claudio Parra
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Av. General Velásquez, 1775, Edificio CIHDE, Piso 2, Arica, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Jorge Bórquez
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Ghe. Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 400010, Romania
| | - Mario J Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
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14
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Parra C, Bosch C, Gómez-Bengoa E, Bonjoch J, Bradshaw B. Asymmetric Synthesis of Octahydroindoles via a Domino Robinson Annulation/5-Endo Intramolecular Aza-Michael Reaction. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10172-10179. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Parra
- Laboratori
de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caroline Bosch
- Laboratori
de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Josep Bonjoch
- Laboratori
de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ben Bradshaw
- Laboratori
de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Delgado-León B, Moreno J, Cacicedo J, Perez M, Moreno A, Núñez F, Delgado L, Pérez S, Praena-Fernandez J, Montero E, Nieto J, Parra C, Ortiz-Gordillo M, López-Guerra J. PO-0687: Machine learning method for biomarkers identification in lung cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31937-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Ortega O, Sakwinska O, Combremont S, Berger B, Sauser J, Parra C, Zarcero S, Nart J, Carrión S, Clavé P. High prevalence of colonization of oral cavity by respiratory pathogens in frail older patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:1804-16. [PMID: 26416412 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is caused by dysfunctional swallowing resulting in aspiration of material colonized by respiratory pathogens. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the swallowing physiology, health status, oral health status, and oral/nasal microbiota in frail older patients (FOP) with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and a control group. METHODS We studied 47 FOP (>70 year) with OD by videofluoroscopy (17 with acute pneumonia -APN-, 15 with prior pneumonia-PNP- and 15 without) and 14 older controls without OD (H). Oral/nasal colonization by five respiratory pathogens was evaluated by qPCR, whereas commensal microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing. KEY RESULTS (i) Frail older patients with OD presented similar comorbidities, poor functionality, polymedication, and prevalent videofluoroscopic signs of impaired safety of swallow (33.3-61.5%). However, patients with OD-APN also presented malnutrition, delayed laryngeal vestibule closure (409.23 ± 115.6 ms; p < 0.05), and silent aspirations (15.6%). (ii) Oral health was poor in all groups, 90% presented periodontitis and 72%, caries. (iii) Total bacterial load was similar in all groups, but higher in the oropharynx (>10(8) CFU/mL) than in the nose (<10(6) CFU/mL) (p < 0.0001). Colonization by respiratory pathogens was very high: 93% in OD patients (p < 0.05 vs H); 93% in OD-PNP (p < 0.05 vs H); 88% in OD-APN (p = 0.07 vs H), and lower in controls (67%). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Frail older patients with OD had impaired health status, poor oral health, high oral bacterial load, and prevalence of oral colonization by respiratory pathogens and VFS signs of impaired safety of swallow, and were therefore at risk for contracting AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ortega
- Unitat d'Exploracions Funcionals Digestives, Departament de Cirurgia, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Spain
| | - O Sakwinska
- Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - B Berger
- Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Sauser
- Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Parra
- Departament de Periodoncia, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Zarcero
- Departament de Periodoncia, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Nart
- Departament de Periodoncia, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Carrión
- Unitat d'Exploracions Funcionals Digestives, Departament de Cirurgia, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Spain
| | - P Clavé
- Unitat d'Exploracions Funcionals Digestives, Departament de Cirurgia, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Giraldo-Gallo P, Zhang Y, Parra C, Manoharan H, Beasley M, Geballe T, Kramer M, Fisher I. Stripe-like nanoscale structural phase separation in superconducting BaPb(1-x)Bi(x)O3. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8231. [PMID: 26373890 PMCID: PMC4595596 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The phase diagram of BaPb(1-x)Bi(x)O3 exhibits a superconducting dome in the proximity of a charge density wave phase. For the superconducting compositions, the material coexists as two structural polymorphs. Here we show, via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, that the structural dimorphism is accommodated in the form of partially disordered nanoscale stripes. Identification of the morphology of the nanoscale structural phase separation enables determination of the associated length scales, which we compare with the Ginzburg-Landau coherence length. We find that the maximum Tc occurs when the superconducting coherence length matches the width of the partially disordered stripes, implying a connection between the structural phase separation and the shape of the superconducting dome.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Giraldo-Gallo
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Y. Zhang
- Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - C. Parra
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Departmento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - H.C. Manoharan
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M.R. Beasley
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - T.H. Geballe
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M.J. Kramer
- Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
| | - I.R. Fisher
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Tapia G, Morales-Quintana L, Parra C, Berbel A, Alcorta M. Study of nsLTPs in Lotus japonicus genome reveal a specific epidermal cell member (LjLTP10) regulated by drought stress in aerial organs with a putative role in cutin formation. Plant Mol Biol 2013; 82:485-501. [PMID: 23733601 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-013-0080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The cuticle is the first defense against pathogens and the second way water is lost in plants. Hydrophobic layers covering aerial plant organs from primary stages of development form cuticle, including major classes of aliphatic wax components and cutin. Extensive research has been conducted to understand cuticle formation mechanisms in plants. However, many questions remain unresolved in the transport of lipid components to form cuticle. Database studies of the Lotus japonicus genome have revealed the presence of 24 sequences classified as putative non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs), which were classified in seven groups; four groups were selected because of their expression in aerial organs. LjLTP8 forms a cluster with DIR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana while LjLTP6, LjLTP9, and LjLTP10 were grouped as type I LTPs. In silico studies showed a high level of structural conservation, and substrate affinity studies revealed palmitoyl-CoA as the most likely ligand for these LTPs, although the Lyso-Myristoyl Phosphatidyl Choline, Lyso-myristoyl phosphatidyl glycerol, and Lyso-stearyl phosphatidyl choline ligands also showed a high affinity with the proteins. The LjLTP6 and LjLTP10 genes were expressed in both the stems and the leaves under normal conditions and were highly induced during drought stress. LjLTP10 was the most induced gene in shoots during drought. The gene was only expressed in the epidermal cells of stems, primordial leaves, and young leaflets. LjLTP10 was positively regulated by MeJA but repressed by abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, and H2O2, while LjLTP6 was weakly induced by MeJA, repressed by H2O2, and not affected by ABA and ethylene. We suggest that LjLTP10 is involved in plant development of stem and leaf cuticle, but also in acclimation to tolerate drought stress in L. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tapia
- Unidad de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-Quilamapu, Chillán, Chile.
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Lopez Guerra J, Gozalez R, Parra C, Martinez A, Moreno A, Peinado J, Suarez V, Cabeza M, Quintana B, Fernandez M, Ortiz M. Application of artificial intelligence for breast cancer classification before radiatiotherapy. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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20
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Lopez J, Jodar F, Parra C, Fernandez M, Quintana B, Suarez V, Peinado J, Moreno A, Gonzalez R, Cabeza M, Ortiz M. Direct cost associated to breast cancer radiation therapy. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Bradshaw
- Laboratori de Química Orgánica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudio Parra
- Laboratori de Química Orgánica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Bonjoch
- Laboratori de Química Orgánica, Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Romero-Sandoval N, Parra C, Gallegos G, Guanopatín A, Campaña MF, Haro M, Calapaqui S, Moreta C, Viteri F, Feijoo-Cid M, Martin M. Haematophagous bat bites in Ecuadorian Amazon: characterisation and implications for sylvatic rabies prevention. Public Health Action 2013; 3:85-9. [PMID: 26393003 DOI: 10.5588/pha.12.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterise the risk factors of haematophagous bat bites and to provide information to contribute to the prevention of rabies in Ecuador. DESIGN Cross-sectional study based on interviews with 3518 individuals, from which two sets of variables were generated: characteristics of haematophagous bat attacks in the previous year among humans and risk factors for being bitten. METHODS Data were analysed using multivariate logistic regression models, taking history of bat bites in the previous year as the response variable. RESULTS In the previous year 723 (20.6%, 95%CI 19.3-21.9) of the participants declared having received haematophagous bat bites and 50.4% in the previous month, giving an incidence rate of 10.4% (95%CI 9.6-11.6) per month. Sleeping on the floor or in a hammock (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.58, 95%CI 1.21-2.06), not using a protective bed net (aOR 1.25, 95%CI 1.03-1.50) and living in a dwelling with permanent openings in the structure (aOR 1.49, 95%CI 1.12-1.95) were associated with a higher probability of bat bites. Those most affected were the group aged ≤12 years (age 13-19 years, aOR 0.39, 95%CI 0.32-0.48; age ≥20 years, aOR 0.67, 95%CI 0.50-0.90). CONCLUSION Primary prevention based on pre-exposure vaccination would be justifiable given the high dispersion of the population and the high incidence of bat bites. As a secondary protective measure, communities should work towards increasing the use of protective measures and putting barriers in permanent openings in their dwellings.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Romero-Sandoval
- Ministerio de Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador ; Red de Investigación GRAAL, Unidad de Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - C Parra
- Ministerio de Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | - G Gallegos
- Ministerio de Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - M F Campaña
- Postgrado de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M Haro
- Postgrado de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - S Calapaqui
- Postgrado de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - C Moreta
- Postgrado de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - F Viteri
- Postgrado de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M Feijoo-Cid
- Red de Investigación GRAAL, Unidad de Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain ; Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - M Martin
- Red de Investigación GRAAL, Unidad de Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
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Abstract
This paper presents a novel bat-like unmanned aerial vehicle inspired by the morphing-wing mechanism of bats. The goal of this paper is twofold. Firstly, a modelling framework is introduced for analysing how the robot should manoeuvre by means of changing wing morphology. This allows the definition of requirements for achieving forward and turning flight according to the kinematics of the wing modulation. Secondly, an attitude controller named backstepping+DAF is proposed. Motivated by biological evidence about the influence of wing inertia on the production of body accelerations, the attitude control law incorporates wing inertia information to produce desired roll (ϕ) and pitch (θ) acceleration commands (desired angular acceleration function (DAF)). This novel control approach is aimed at incrementing net body forces (F(net)) that generate propulsion. Simulations and wind-tunnel experimental results have shown an increase of about 23% in net body force production during the wingbeat cycle when the wings are modulated using the DAF as a part of the backstepping control law. Results also confirm accurate attitude tracking in spite of high external disturbances generated by aerodynamic loads at airspeeds up to 5 ms⁻¹.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Colorado
- Centre for Automation and Robotics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Diaz V, Barahona J, Antinao J, Silva C, Parra C, Olivares G, Guiloff R. The Seasonal Variation of Multiple Sclerosis in Chile. A Study of Hospitalization Rates (P06.161). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p06.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Diaz V, Silva C, Antinao J, Espinoza C, Henriquez S, Parra C. Epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jacob in Chile. Morbility and Mortality (P03.260). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p03.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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26
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Parra C, Gómez R, Marchetti P, Rubio G, Felmer A, Castillo OA. [Management of hemorrhagic radiation cystitis with hyperbaric oxygen therapy]. Actas Urol Esp 2011; 35:175-9. [PMID: 21334100 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2010.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) after pelvic radiotherapy occurs in 2-8% of patients. A variety of treatments have been described, most of them with uncertain results. We assessed the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in HC cases. PATIENTS AND METHODS retrospective analysis of patients with HC after pelvic radiotherapy receiving HBOT at our center between January 2002 and January 2010. Our protocol included 40 sessions of HBOT in a multiplace hyperbaric chamber with 90minutes of 100% oxygen breathing at 2.2 atm. Success was evaluated in terms of total or partial stop of bladder bleeding. Telephone follow-up was updated at the time of submission in all cases. RESULTS twenty-five patients were treated (21 male, 4 female); the mean age was 66.7 years. Twenty men were irradiated for prostate cancer and one for bladder cancer. Three women had cervix cancer and one endometrial cancer. In all cases previous conservative treatment had failed and HBOT was considered only after other measures failed. All the patients responded to HBOT and none recurred after end of treatment at a mean follow-up of 21.2 months. There were no serious complications. CONCLUSION HBOT is a highly effective and safe, non-invasive therapy for HC secondary to pelvic radiation; it should be considered as first line alternative in these difficult cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Parra
- Servicio de Urología Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Parra C, Gómez R, Marchetti P, Rubio G, Felmer A, Castillo O. Tratamiento de la cistitis actínica hemorrágica mediante oxigenoterapia hiperbárica. Actas Urol Esp 2011. [DOI: 10.4321/s0210-48062011000300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Alcaraz M, Velasco E, Martínez-Beneyto Y, Velasco F, Armero D, Parra C, Canteras M. The status of Spain's dental practice following the European Union directive concerning radiological installations: 11 years on (1996-2007). Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2010; 39:468-74. [PMID: 21062940 PMCID: PMC3520208 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/20362385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the influence of European Union legislation on dental radiology practice in Spain and the reduction in doses administered in dental radiological installations 11 years after its introduction. METHODS A total of 19 079 official reports on dental surgeries from 16 Spanish autonomous regions published between 1996 and 2007 were studied. We analysed the physical characteristics of the X-ray units, anomalies, film processing, exposure times and mean radiation doses administered in clinical situations. RESULTS The dose applied to obtain a radiograph of an upper second molar had decreased by 37% up until 2007, the mean dose being 2.7 mGy, with 81.1% of installations using a dose of less than 4 mGy, with a reference dose for the 3(rd) quartile of 3.6 mGy. Of note was the incorporation of digital systems (50.1%), which are gradually replacing manual processing systems (45.3%). There were significant differences between the systems: direct digital radiology < indirect digital radiology = Insight = Ektaspeed = Ultraspeed (P < 0.001). In installations with digital systems, 6.3% used more than 4 mGy (20.5% with direct radiology and 3.2% with indirect radiology) and 7.4% a dose of less than 0.5 mGy, with a mean dose of 1.8 mGy and a reference dose for the 3(rd) quartile of 2.3 mGy. CONCLUSION There has been a gradual improvement in dental radiology practices; however, the incorporation of digital systems has not resulted in all the benefits hoped for, and mistakes are frequent. Besides the physical parameters that have been established, anatomical and clinical image quality criteria should be established to convince dentists of the real benefits of incorporating quality guarantee procedures in their practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcaraz
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100-Murcia, Spain.
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Alcaraz M, Velasco E, Martínez-Beneyto Y, Velasco F, Parra C, Canteras M. Diagnostic reference levels in intraoral radiology: from the laboratory to clinical practice. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2010; 140:391-395. [PMID: 20400774 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To determine the diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for obtaining a diagnostic image in the normal conditions of clinical practice and to explain the differences between the levels found and the DRLs obtained in other experimental conditions, suggesting that there has been a reduction in the European Union (EU) recommended levels. A total of 2296 official reports on dental surgeries from 16 Spanish autonomous regions compiled during 2008 were studied. A mean DRL of 3.3 mGy was determined: 2.6 mGy for installations using direct digital systems, 3.4 mGy for those using indirect systems, 4.4 mGy for those using Ultra-speed film and 3.7 mGy for those using Insight. The DRLs found in this survey are below the EU recommended values but far above previously described values, possibly because all the different systems were considered and because values refer to those of the normal work conditions of clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcaraz
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine/Dentistry, University of Murcia, 30100 Campus Espinardo (Murcia), Spain.
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Parra C, González G, Albano C. Synthesis and Characterization of Composite Materials HDPE/HA and PMMA/HA Prepared by Sonochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200951208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Gacto P, Barrera F, Sicilia-Castro D, Miralles F, Collell M, Leal S, De La Higuera J, Parra C, Gómez-Cía T. A three-dimensional virtual reality model for limb reconstruction in burned patients. Burns 2009; 35:1042-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2008.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gómez-Cía T, Gacto-Sánchez P, Sicilia D, Suárez C, Acha B, Serrano C, Parra C, De La Higuera J. The virtual reality tool VirSSPA in planning DIEP microsurgical breast reconstruction. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2009; 4:375-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-009-0311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Suárez C, Acha B, Serrano C, Parra C, Gómez T. VirSSPA- A virtual reality tool for surgical planning workflow. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2009; 4:133-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-009-0284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Alcaraz M, Parra C, Martínez Beneyto Y, Velasco E, Canteras M. Is it true that the radiation dose to which patients are exposed has decreased with modern radiographic films? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2009; 38:92-7. [DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/78589833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Dominguez J, Parra C, Walton A, Dell'oro A, Madrid P, Moya N, Leal M. MP-2.22: Low Recurrence Rate of Superficial Bladder Cancer: Is Re-Resection Necessary in Our Patients? Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Guzman S, Lira F, Parra C, Salvadó J. MP-6.13: Quality of Surgery: Evaluating Pathological Findings of My First 20 Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomies Compared with My Last 20 Open Radical Prostatectomies. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Parra C, Fiedler JL, Luna SL, Greiner M, Padmanabhan V, Lara HE. Participation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in ovarian steroids production during the rat estrous cycle and in the development of estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovary. Reproduction 2007; 133:147-54. [PMID: 17244741 DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) stimulates estradiol and progesterone release from ovarian granulosa cellsin vitro. Very little information is available as to the role VIP plays in the control of steroid secretion during reproductive cyclicity and in ovarian pathologies involving altered steroid secretion. In this study, we determined the involvement of VIP in regulating ovarian androgen and estradiol release during estrous cyclicity and estradiol valerate (EV)-induced polycystic ovarian development in rats. Our findings show that androgen and estradiol release from ovaries obtained during different stages of rat estrous cycle mimic cyclic changes in steroid release observedin vivowith maximal release occurring during late proestrus. VIP increased androgen release from ovaries of all cycle stages except late proestrus and estradiol release from all cycle stages. Increases in VIP-induced androgen and estradiol release were maximal at early proestrus. Inclusion of saturating concentrations of androstenedione increased magnitude of VIP-induced estradiol release at diestrus and estrus but not proestrus. Magnitude of VIP-induced androgen and estradiol release tended to be greater in the ovaries from EV-treated rats with polycystic ovary compared with estrous controls. At the tissue level, ovarian VIP concentration was cycle stage dependent with highest level seen in diestrus. Maximum concentration of VIP was found in EV-treated rats. Changes in VIP were inversely related to changes in ovarian nerve growth factor, a neuropeptide involved in ovarian androgen secretion. These results strongly suggest that intraovarian VIP participates in the control of estradiol secretion during the rat estrous cycle and possibly in the maintenance of increased ovarian estradiol secretory activity of EV-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Parra
- Lab. Neurobioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Shan Z, Hua C, Ji Q, Ying X, Parra C, Reddick W, Krasin M, Kun L, Merchant T. 2788. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.07.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Andrés S, Cárdenas S, Parra C, Bravo J, Greiner M, Rojas P, Morales P, Lara H, Fiedler J. Effects of long-term adrenalectomy on apoptosis and neuroprotection in the rat hippocampus. Endocrine 2006; 29:299-307. [PMID: 16785605 DOI: 10.1385/endo:29:2:299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2005] [Revised: 11/09/2005] [Accepted: 11/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reduction in corticosterone by acute adrenalectomy (5 d) promotes apoptosis in dentate gyrus (DG) granular neurons, an effect concomitant with variations in the expression of the Bcl-2 gene family implicated in apoptotic regulation. However, no studies exist correlating the effect of long-term adrenalectomy (30 d) on the hippocampus in terms of extent of apoptosis and the levels of proteins related to an apoptotic cascade. After 5 d of adrenalectomy, we found an increase in apoptosis of the DG granular region, correlated with an increase in the processing of caspase-9. The magnitude of apoptosis 30 d after adrenalectomy was reduced in the DG granular layer compared with 5 d after adrenalectomy, in close relation to a reduction in the level of processed caspase-9. To understand how the increase in cell survival long after adrenalectomy occurs, we analyzed changes in the expression of genes and proteins related to apoptosis. Long-term adrenalectomy did not change hippocampal pro-apoptotic Bax or antiapoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA levels or protein content with respect to control. However, we found an increase in mRNA levels of the GD's Bcl-x gene, in parallel with the increase in anti-apoptotic BCL-XL protein levels. These results suggest the reduction in apoptosis observed after long-term adrenalectomy occurs through mechanisms that repress proapoptotic genes previously found to be increased at shorter times of adrenalectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Andrés
- Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, P.O. Box 233, Santiago 1, Chile
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Cardona AM, Barrero JI, Otálora C, Parra C. Serpentine locomotion articulated chain: ANA II. Appl Bionics Biomech 2005. [DOI: 10.1533/abbi.2004.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Placencia J, Rudolph A, Cabrera G, Cárdenas G, Parra C. Toxicity assays of a compound with insecticide properties: chitosan diethyl phosphate. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2003; 70:153-160. [PMID: 12478438 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-002-0169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Placencia
- Laboratory of Oceanography, Faculty of Science, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Box 297, Concepción, Chile
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Cárdenas SP, Parra C, Bravo J, Morales P, Lara HE, Herrera-Marschitz M, Fiedler JL. Corticosterone differentially regulates bax, bcl-2 and bcl-x mRNA levels in the rat hippocampus. Neurosci Lett 2002; 331:9-12. [PMID: 12359311 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It has previously been shown that adrenalectomy (ADX) produces apoptosis in the granule cell of the dentate gyrus (DG), and that this effect is prevented by corticosterone replacement. Thus, we have investigated how this phenomenon takes place in rat hippocampus using in situ hybridization. The expression of the pro-apoptotic gene bax was measured in the pyramidal cell fields and in the DG. After 5 days of ADX, there was a significant increase in bax mRNA levels in the suprapyramidal layer of the DG, an effect prevented by corticosterone replacement. The mRNA of the anti-apoptotic bcl-2 gene was expressed in CA3 and DG. ADX increased bcl-2 mRNA levels, but only in the suprapyramidal layer of the DG, an effect that was prevented by corticosterone administration. It is concluded that the up-regulation of bax may explain the apoptosis observed in DG after ADX, while the bcl-2 induction may correspond to a compensatory mechanism protecting the cells from death.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Cárdenas
- Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, PO Box 233, Santiago 1, Chile
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Abstract
Morphological studies of granular neurons of the hippocampus have shown that adrenalectomy (ADX) induces the cell death of granular neurons, an effect prevented by corticosterone replacement. We addressed the hypothesis that corticosterone regulates the expression of the apoptotic bcl-2 gene family. Five days after adrenalectomy, we observed morphological changes related to hippocampal granule cell apoptosis that was accompanied by terminal dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL) labeling in nuclei located in the hilus region. Corticosterone replacement prevented the cell death induced by ADX. Using RT-PCR we found a reduction in mRNA levels of the antiapoptotic gene bcl-2 in whole hippocampus, an effect which was prevented by corticosterone administration to ADX rats. However, Bcl-2 protein levels were not altered by this treatment. We did not observe modifications in the level of bcl-X(L) mRNA however, we did find a 40% reduction in Bcl-X(L) protein levels, an effect not reversed by corticosterone. In contrast, we found a reduction in the mRNA of the antiapoptotic gene bax and Bax levels after ADX; both effects were prevented by corticosterone. The reduction in proapoptotic bax and in antiapoptotic bcl-2 mRNA levels in the whole hippocampus, suggests that local variations in these molecules could account for both neuronal viability of the CA1-CA3 and granular cell death detected by morphological means and observed after ADX.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Greiner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago
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Rodríguez J, Parra C, Freer J, Baeza J. Dihydroxybenzenes: driven Fenton reactions. Water Sci Technol 2001; 44:251-256. [PMID: 11695467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Different compounds that reduce Fe(III) and that simultaneously increase the oxidation potential of the H2O2/Fe2+ system, have been evaluated. In this work, the improving of Fenton reactions by 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-DHBA) or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (CAT) were studied. The three compounds are able to reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II), but the kinetic results depend on the method used to determine the Fe(II) ion. The dihydroxybenzenes (DHBs) degrades veratryl alcohol (VA), a lignin model compound, to a greater extent than observed in a typical Fenton reaction. The rate of VA degradation was associated with the duration of the chemiluminescence (CAT > 2,3-DHBA > 3,4-DHBA) and not with the sum of integrated counts. The treatment of a cellulose pulp bleaching effluent with DHBs/Fe(III)/H2O2 was evaluated by analyzing their depolymerization at pH 4 and 7 through molecular mass distribution determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rodríguez
- Renewable Resources Laboratory, Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
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Thumala A, Parra C, Maragaño P, Puelma A, Florenzano F. [Thromboembolic risk factors in atrial flutter. Transesophageal echocardiographic study]. Rev Med Chil 2000; 128:1327-34. [PMID: 11227241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thromboembolic risk of atrial flutter (AFL) is not well defined. On the other hand, in atrial fibrillation (AF), the echocardiographic demonstration of thrombus or spontaneous echo contrast in the left atria or its appendage, a lower flow velocity in the left atrial appendage, and its reduced mobility, are well known risk factors of thromboembolism. AIM To study the incidence of these echocardiographic risk factors in patients with AFL. MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively studied 50 consecutive patients with AFL comparing them with two groups of patients with a well known increased risk of thromboembolism: 54 patients with AF and 24 patients with sinus rhythm and severe mitral stenosis (RSEMS). The group of patients with AFL was also compared with a control group of 27 patients with sinus rhythm and no increased risk of thromboembolism. In each group, we studied the presence of thrombi and spontaneous echo contrast in the left atria and left atrial appendage, emptying velocity (Vel A), filling flow (Vel B) and motility of the left atrial appendage and left atrial dimensions. RESULTS When compared with control patients, AFL subjects had a higher incidence of spontaneous echo contrast in the left atria and left atrial appendage (11 and 42% respectively, p < 0.05); slower flow velocity in the left atrial appendage (Vel A 69.25 +/- 25 and 41 +/- 19 cm/s respectively, Vel B 55 +/- 16 and 46 +/- 20 cm/s respectively, p < 0.05); lower atrial appendage wall motility (4 and 84% respectively, p < 0.001) and a larger left atrium (40 +/- 10 and 45 +/- 0.6 mm respectively, p < 0.05). Patients with AFL had a lower incidence of echocardiographic abnormalities than subjects with AF or RSEMS. Thrombi were found in 2 patients with AFL, 12 patients with AF, 4 patients with RSEMS and in no control patient. CONCLUSIONS In AFL, there are echocardiographic markers of increased thromboembolic risk in comparison with a control group. Nevertheless, the incidence of these factors is lower than in patients with AF or with RSEMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thumala
- Sección Cardiología, Servicio de Medicina, Hospital del Salvador, Departamento de Medicina Oriente, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile
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Parra C, Kauffmann R, Chateau B, Cabrera E. [Subcutaneous heparin during the first trimesters of pregnancy in women with prosthetic heart valves]. Rev Med Chil 1999; 127:1475-9. [PMID: 10835755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral anticoagulation therapy in pregnant women with prosthetic heart valves is associated with a greater risk of abortion, fetal malformations and thromboembolic complications. AIM To assess the use of subcutaneous heparin in women with pregnancies of less than 12 weeks as an alternative to oral anticoagulation therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Pregnant women were admitted to the hospital and coumarinics were replaced with not fractionated subcutaneous heparin in a dose of 10,000 IU every 12 hours, aiming at prolonging partial thromboplastin time, 2 or 2 1/2 times. During the hospitalization period, women were taught about the heparin injection technique. Coumarinics were restarted after week 13 of pregnancy until 10 days prior to the delivery date in which women were again admitted to the hospital and intravenous heparin was used until the delivery. RESULTS Between 1991 and 1997, this protocol was used during ten pregnancies in seven women aged 19 to 36 years old. Five had a Starr-Edwards prosthesis, one had a mitral Björk-Shilley prosthesis and one, a double prosthesis (mitral Starr-Machi and aortic St Jude). Subcutaneous heparin was started in the fifth week of pregnancy in 1 case, in the sixth week in seven and in the seventh week in two. There was no maternal mortality and one transient ischemic attack without sequelae. One non compliant patient had a Björk Shilley prosthetic valve dysfunction that required a valve replacement at the twelfth week of pregnancy and she had a spontaneous abortion at week 15. Other patient had a pneumonia at week 37 and gave birth to a stillbirth. There were no fetal malformations. CONCLUSIONS This therapeutic protocol can be used among Chilean patients, but must be restricted to compliant women and a strict surveillance must be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Parra
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago de Chile
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Parra C, Roldán E, Rodríguez C, Pérez de Oteyza J, Oteho E, López J, Maldonado MS, García Laraña J, Muñoz A, Odriozola J, Brieva JA. [Reconstitution of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients treated with bone marrow transplantation: comparison between allogeneic and autologous transplantation]. Med Clin (Barc) 1999; 113:1-5. [PMID: 10422068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compares the immune reconstitution of total T cells, CD4 and CD8 cell subsets, activated T cells, NK cells and B cells in 66 patients who underwent allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT). PATIENTS, MATERIAL AND METHODS The reconstitution of peripheral lymphocytes subsets was studied using two-color flow cytometry. The study group consisted of 39 patients who received allogeneic BMT compared with 27 patients who received autologous BMT. Peripheral blood was examined at different time intervals. As a measure of immune function, the response to the mitogen phytohemaglutinin (PHA) was determined. RESULTS The pattern of recovery of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as the PHA response, was similar for each type of transplant. CD3+CD5- cells were significantly higher following autologous BMT than after allogeneic BMT and during more time. An overexpression of DR on T cells following autologous or allogeneic BMT demonstrates an increasing degree of T-lymphocyte activation. This activated T-cell subset was more stable in patients transplanted with allogeneic BM than in patients treated with autologous BM. The levels of total B cells and CD19+CD5+ B-cells were increased during 2 to 12 months following autologous MBT, remaining normal afterwards; in contrast, the levels of CD19+ lymphocytes and CD19+CD5+B-cells remained higher than normal ranges until 36 months in patients transplanted with allogeneic BM. The percentage of NK cells was significantly increased following both autologous and allogeneic BMT. The highest percentage of NK cells were detected about 2 and 6 months post-transplant in patients treated with autologous or allogeneic BM, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Allogeneic BMT appears to induce a slight delay recovery of B and NK cells in comparison to autologous BMT. In contrast, T-cells recovery was similar for each type of transplant, although a higher percentage of CD3+CD5- T cells and a faster recovery of activated CD3+DR+ cells to normal levels were observed in patients transplanted with autologous BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Parra
- Servicio de Immunología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid
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Bonilla-Felix M, Parra C, Dajani T, Ferris M, Swinford RD, Portman RJ, Verani R. Changing patterns in the histopathology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. Kidney Int 1999; 55:1885-90. [PMID: 10231451 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely accepted that minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is the most common cause of nephrosis in children. Recent studies have demonstrated an increasing incidence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in adults. METHODS To determine possible changes in the etiology of childhood nephrosis, the clinical charts of 152 pediatric patients diagnosed with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome between 1978 and 1997 were reviewed. Histopathological diagnosis was available in 105 patients. RESULTS MCNS was present in 35% of all biopsies, whereas FSGS was observed in 31%. Even if we assume that all patients without a histological diagnosis had MCNS (presumptive MCNS), the total incidence of MCNS (biopsy proven + presumptive) in our population was only 55%. We observed a dramatic increase in the incidence of FSGS during recent years. Before 1990, FSGS was diagnosed in 23% of all renal biopsies but increased to 47% afterward (P = 0.02). This pattern was observed in all ethnic groups. In African Americans, there was a trend for an increase in the incidence of FSGS from 38% before 1990 to 69% after 1990. A similar trend was observed in Caucasians (from 20 to 45%) and Hispanics (from 8 to 33%) Hispanics had the highest incidence of MCNS (biopsy proven + presumptive: 73%), followed by Caucasians (53%) and African Americans (37%). The mean age for presentation of nephrotic syndrome in African Americans (8.0 +/- 0.9 years) was higher than in Caucasians (4.1 +/- 0.05) and Hispanics (3.3 +/- 0.5). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the incidence of FSGS in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome has increased recently. Furthermore, in African American children. FSGS is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome. These findings may have significant implications in the management of childhood nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bonilla-Felix
- Department of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, USA.
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Roldan MB, Barrio R, Roy G, Parra C, Alonso M, Yturriaga R, Camarero C. Diagnostic value of serological markers for celiac disease in diabetic children and adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1998; 11:751-6. [PMID: 9829231 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.1998.11.6.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy of antigliadin and antiendomysium antibodies for the diagnosis of celiac disease in diabetic children and adolescents with and without digestive symptoms. STUDY DESIGN 177 children and adolescents with IDDM aged 15.4 +/- 5.4 years (mean +/- SD). Antigliadin (ELISA) and antiendomysium (IFI) antibodies were measured in 177 and 35 patients, respectively. RESULTS Seven of 177 patients (3.9%; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-6.7) had celiac disease. The specificities of antiendomysium antibodies test (83%), IgA-antigliadin antibodies test (80%) and IgG-antigliadin antibodies test (90%) and the positive predictive values of these antibodies (55-75%) were lower than those obtained with the combined determination of these antibodies (100%). Negative antibodies and normal mucosa in one determination did not rule out the development of celiac disease later. CONCLUSIONS The combined determination of antigliadin and antiendomysium antibodies is the test of choice in screening for celiac disease in diabetic patients. The yearly investigation of these antibodies is a reliable method for detecting silent celiac disease in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Roldan
- Department of Pediatrics, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Alcalá de Henares University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
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