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Rawat P, Sharma K, Khanka S, Singh Y, Prakash R, Rais N, Maurya AK, Gupta R, Mishra DK, Singh D, Kanojiya S. Bone Fracture-healing Properties and UPLC-MS Analysis of an Enriched Flavonoid Fraction from Oxystelma esculentum. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:96-110. [PMID: 37846499 DOI: 10.1055/a-2192-2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxystelma esculentum has been used as a folk medicine to treat jaundice, throat infections, and skin problems. In the current study, the bone fracture-healing properties of a flavonoid-enriched fraction (Oxy50-60F) of O. esculentum were investigated in Swiss mice using a drill-hole injury model. Oxy50-60F (1 mg/kg/day, 5 mg/kg/day, and 10 mg/kg/day) was administered orally (from the next day) after a 0.6 mm drill-hole injury in mice femur mid-diaphysis for 7 days and 14 days. Parathyroid hormone (40 µg/kg; 5 times/week) was given subcutaneously as the positive control. Confocal imaging for bone regeneration, micro-architecture of femur bones, ex vivo mineralization, hematoxyline and eosin staining, measurement of reactive oxygen species, and gene expression of osteogenic and anti-inflammatory genes were studied. Quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin glycosides were identified in the active fraction using mass spectrometry techniques. Our results confirm that Oxy50-60F treatment promotes fracture healing and callus formation at drill-hole sites and stimulates osteogenic and anti-inflammatory genes. Oxy50-60F administration to fractured mice exhibited significantly better micro-CT parameters in a dose-dependent manner and promoted nodule mineralization at days 7 and 14 post-injury. Oxy50-60F also prevents ROS generation by increasing expression of the SOD2 enzyme. Overall, this study reveals that Oxy50-60F has bone regeneration potential in a cortical bone defect model, which supports its use in delayed-union and non-union fracture cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rawat
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kriti Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonu Khanka
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yatendra Singh
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Prakash
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nisha Rais
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Maurya
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ritika Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipak K Mishra
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Kanojiya
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Hanga-Farcaș A, Miere (Groza) F, Filip GA, Clichici S, Fritea L, Vicaș LG, Marian E, Pallag A, Jurca T, Filip SM, Muresan ME. Phytochemical Compounds Involved in the Bone Regeneration Process and Their Innovative Administration: A Systematic Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2055. [PMID: 37653972 PMCID: PMC10222459 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Bone metabolism is a complex process which is influenced by the activity of bone cells (e.g., osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts); the effect of some specific biomarkers (e.g., parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, osterix, RANKL, Runx2); and the characteristic signaling pathways (e.g., RANKL/RANK, Wnt/β, Notch, BMP, SMAD). Some phytochemical compounds-such as flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, anthocyanins, terpenoids, polysaccharides, alkaloids and others-presented a beneficial and stimulating effect in the bone regeneration process due to the pro-estrogenic activity, the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effect and modulation of bone signaling pathways. Lately, nanomedicine has emerged as an innovative concept for new treatments in bone-related pathologies envisaged through the incorporation of medicinal substances in nanometric systems for oral or local administration, as well as in nanostructured scaffolds with huge potential in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Hanga-Farcaș
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Science, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Florina Miere (Groza)
- Department of Preclinical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10, 1 December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (L.F.); (M.E.M.)
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.A.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.A.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Luminita Fritea
- Department of Preclinical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10, 1 December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (L.F.); (M.E.M.)
| | - Laura Grațiela Vicaș
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10, 1 December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.); (A.P.); (T.J.)
| | - Eleonora Marian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10, 1 December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.); (A.P.); (T.J.)
| | - Annamaria Pallag
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10, 1 December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.); (A.P.); (T.J.)
| | - Tunde Jurca
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10, 1 December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.); (A.P.); (T.J.)
| | - Sanda Monica Filip
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Informatics and Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Mariana Eugenia Muresan
- Department of Preclinical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10, 1 December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (L.F.); (M.E.M.)
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Dang PH, Tran TH, Le TH, Do TNV, Nguyen HX, Nguyen MTT, Nguyen NT. A new β-carboline-type alkaloid from the flowers of Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T.Aiton. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37129020 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2208259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In our antioxidant screening of some Vietnamese plant extracts, the CHCl3-soluble fraction from Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T.Aiton flowers showed moderate DPPH free radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 55.8 μg/mL. Thus, a further phytochemical study was carried out to obtain five alkaloids, including a new β-carboline-type alkaloid, caloside H (1). These known compounds were identified as 5-hydroxy-(2-methoxymethyl)pyridine (2), nicotinic acid (3), p-(acetylamino)phenol (4), and thymine (5). These structures were determined based on the NMR spectroscopic analysis. In antioxidant assay, caloside H at concentration of 100 μM showed DPPH radical scavenging capacity with a percentage of inhibition of 40.2%. In addition, a plausible biosynthetic pathway for the formation of caloside H was proposed based on the Schiff base formation and Mannich-like reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phu H Dang
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tu H Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tho H Le
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Truong N V Do
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hai X Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Mai T T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nhan T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Sharma K, Kumar S, Prakash R, Khanka S, Mishra T, Rathur R, Biswas A, Verma SK, Bhatta RS, Narender T, Singh D. Chebulinic acid alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory bone loss by targeting the crosstalk between reactive oxygen species/NFκB signaling in osteoblast cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 194:99-113. [PMID: 36423891 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chebulinic acid (CA), a plant ellagitannin derived from Triphala, is reported to exhibit both anti-inflammatory & anti-oxidant activity apart from anti-tumour property. However, its role in inflammatory bone loss conditions was unexplored. We hypothesized that CA may prevent the bone loss under inflammatory conditions induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in 10-week-old male C57BL/6J mice. Micro-CT analysis and histomorphometric evaluations were carried out where it was found that CA significantly improved the bone micro-architectures by enhancing trabecular connectivity and strength of the bone. CA also increased the bone regeneration as examined by calcein labelling and ex-vivo mineralisation along with maintaining the bone serum markers. Further, CA ameliorated the reduction in osteoblast cell differentiation, proliferation and viability after LPS stimulation. DCFDA and Mitosox staining revealed that CA presented remarkable protective effects against LPS treatment by attenuating oxidative stress, both at cellular & mitochondrial levels. In addition, CA significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and down-regulated the phosphorylation of NFκB and IκBα, indicating that CA could attenuate the inflammatory impairment to primary osteoblast cells by suppressing the NFkB signalling pathway. Taken together, the protective role of CA against LPS-induced bone loss & inhibitory effect on total ROS levels hold promise as a potential novel therapeutic strategy for the inflammatory diseases in bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | | | - Sonu Khanka
- Division of Endocrinology, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | | | - Rajat Rathur
- Division of Endocrinology, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Arpon Biswas
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sarvesh Kumar Verma
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - R S Bhatta
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - T Narender
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| | - Divya Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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Rai D, Tripathi AK, Sardar A, Pandey AR, Sinha S, Chutani K, Dhaniya G, Kothari P, Sashidhara KV, Trivedi R. A novel BMP2 secretagogue ameliorates glucocorticoid induced oxidative stress in osteoblasts by activating NRF2 dependent survival while promoting Wnt/β-catenin mediated osteogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:124-147. [PMID: 35963563 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, a novel BMP2 secretagogue was synthesized belonging to a class of galloyl conjugates of flavanones, with remarkable osteogenic potential that promoted bone regeneration. We aimed to establish the protective effect of our compound against bone loss that co-exists with excess Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. GC therapy induces osteoblast damage leading to apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results delineate that compound 5e (a BMP2 secretagogue) activates NRF2 signalling to counter the disturbed cellular redox homeostasis and escalate osteoblast survival as assessed by Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Depletion of NRF2 by siRNA blocked activation of the NRF2/HO-1 pathway, magnified oxidative stress, increased apoptosis and abrogated the protective effects of compound 5e. 5e, on the other hand, increased ALP, mineralization activity, and promoted osteoblast differentiation by activating WNT/β-catenin signalling in BMP2 dependent manner, validated by Western blot of WNT3A, SOST, GSK3-β and β-catenin nuclear translocation. Treatment of 5e in presence of BMP inhibitor noggin attenuated the osteogenic efficacy and minimized Wnt//β-catenin signalling in presence of dexamethasone. Our compound prevents GC challenged trabecular and cortical bone loss assessed by micro-CT and promotes bone formation and osteocyte survival determined by calcein labelling and TUNEL assay in GC treated animals. The osteogenic potential of the compound was authenticated by bone turnover markers. On a concluding note, compounds with BMP upregulation can be potential therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Rai
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Tripathi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Anirban Sardar
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Alka Raj Pandey
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Shradha Sinha
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Kunal Chutani
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Geeta Dhaniya
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Priyanka Kothari
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Koneni V Sashidhara
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
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Pal S, Sharma S, Porwal K, Riyazuddin M, Kulkarni C, Chattopadhyay S, Sanyal S, Gayen JR, Chattopadhyay N. Oral Administration of Isovitexin, a Naturally Occurring Apigenin Derivative Showed Osteoanabolic Effect in Ovariectomized Mice: A Comparative Study with Teriparatide. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:196-210. [PMID: 35451627 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Isovitexin (apigenin-6C-glucopyranose) is found in several food items and medicinal plants. Recently, we showed that isovitexin stimulated osteoblast differentiation through mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration that required adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs). Here, we studied whether oral isovitexin has a bone anabolic effect in vivo. At first, using a femur osteotomy model in adult mice, we compared the bone regenerative effect of isovitexin and apigenin. Whereas isovitexin-stimulated bone formation at the osteotomy site at 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg dose, apigenin had no effect. Subsequently, we tested the effect of isovitexin (5 mg/kg) in ovariectomized (OVX) osteopenic mice and observed that it restored bone mass and architecture of trabecular bones (femur metaphysis and fifth lumbar vertebra/L5) and cortical bones (femur diaphysis). Isovitexin completely restored bone strength at L5 (compressive strength) and femur (bending strength) in OVX mice. The bone anabolic effect of isovitexin was demonstrated by the increased surface referent bone formation parameters, increased expression of osteogenic genes (Runx2, bone morphogenetic protein-2 and type 1 collagen) in bones, and increased serum procollagen type 1N-terminal propeptide in OVX mice and these were on a par with teriparatide. Isovitexin inhibited bone and serum sclerostin as well as the serum type I collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide in OVX mice. Isovitexin has an oral bioavailability of 14.58%. Taken together, our data show that isovitexin had a significant oral bioavailability that translated to osteoanabolic effect equivalent to teriparatide and inhibited bone resorption, which implied a durable effect over teriparatide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Mohammed Riyazuddin
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Chirag Kulkarni
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Zeeshan M, Muhammad N, Intisar A, Aamir A, Qaisar U, Yaseen M, Hussain N, ul-Haq I, Bilal M. Volatile chemical profiling and potent antibacterial activity of senna occidentalis stem oil against various pathogens. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Arunsi UO, Chioma OE, Etusim PE, Owumi SE. Indigenous Nigeria medicinal herbal remedies: A potential source for therapeutic against rheumatoid arthritis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1148-1178. [PMID: 35708153 PMCID: PMC9335509 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221102901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating disease associated with locomotion impairment, and conventional therapeutic drugs are not optimal for managing RA. There is an avalanche of medications used for the management of RA. Still, studies have shown that they are associated with severe side effects, including hepatotoxicity, retinopathy, and cardiotoxicity disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), skin, blood, and infections. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is currently gaining attention as a novel panacea for managing debilitating diseases, such as RA. Nigerian folk herbal remedies are replete with a plethora of curative medicine, albeit unvalidated scientifically but with seemingly miraculous provenance. Studies of the identification of bioactive compounds present in these botanicals using advanced spectral analytical techniques have enhanced our understanding of the role of Nigerian herbal remedies in the treatment and management of RA. Interestingly, experimental studies abound that the bioactive compounds present in the extracts of plant botanicals protected animals from the development of RA in different experimental models and reduced the toxicity associated with conventional therapeutics. Validated mechanisms of RA amelioration in human and animal models include suppression of the expression of NF-κB, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, IL-23, chemokines, TGF-β, RANKL, RANK, iNOS, arginase, COX-2, VEGFA, VEGFR, NFATC1, and TRAP in the synoviocytes. Decreased ROS, NO, MDA, carbonyl groups, and PGE2 in the synovial fluid increased the expression of PPARα/γ; antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules also improve RA etiology. In this mini-review, we discuss the global burden of RA, the novel role of plant-based botanicals as potential therapeutics against signaling pathways in RA. Also addressed is the possible repurposing/reprofiling of plant botanicals to increase their therapeutic index among RA patients that patronize traditional healers in Nigeria with a global projection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uche O Arunsi
- Cancer Immunology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Physical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, 440001, Nigeria
| | - Ogbuka E Chioma
- Department of Social and Environmental Forestry, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria
| | - Paschal E Etusim
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological and Physical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu 200, Nigeria
| | - Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria,Solomon Owumi.
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9
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Kothari P, Tripathi AK, Girme A, Rai D, Singh R, Sinha S, Choudhary D, Nagar GK, Maurya R, Hingorani L, Trivedi R. Caviunin glycoside (CAFG) from Dalbergia sissoo attenuates osteoarthritis by modulating chondrogenic and matrix regulating proteins. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114315. [PMID: 34116187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dalbergia sissoo DC. (Indian rosewood or Sheesham) is a traditional medicinal plant, reported since time immemorial for its analgesic, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and immuno-modulatory properties. D. sissoo DC (DS). is being used traditionally to cure joint inflammation and joint pain. AIM To study the potential of DS leaves and its derived novel compound CAFG to treat the clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA) and its underlying mechanism. METHODS The chemical profile of DS extract (DSE) with isoflavonoids and isoflvaonoid glycosides from the DS was established by UHPLC-PDA and UHPLC-MS/MS. Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) was injected into the knee joint to develop the OA model in rats. DSE was given orally for 28 days daily at 250 and 500 mg.kg-1day-1. For in-vitro experiments, chondrocytes isolated from joint articular cartilage were negatively induced with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and CAFG was given to the cells as a co-treatment. RESULTS Chondrocytes undergo apoptosis following inflammation and proteoglycan synthesis affected in MIA injected knees. DSE administration prevented these effects as assessed by H&E and Toluidine blue staining. Micro-CT analysis showed that subchondral bone loss was restored. DSE decreased elevated serum levels of cartilage-bone degradation (CTX-I, CTX-II, and COMP), inflammation markers IL-1β, and matrix-degrading MMP-3 and 13. The effects of IL-1β on gene expression of chondrocytes were reversed by CAFG treatment at 1 μM. CONCLUSION Data showed that DSE protected joint cartilage and deterioration in subchondral bone in vivo while in in-vitro, its active ingredient CAFG prevented interleukin-1β induced effects and inhibited OA. This finding suggest that DSE and CAFG could be used as a possible therapeutic to treat osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kothari
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Ashish Kumar Tripathi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Aboli Girme
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt Ltd, Anand, Gujarat, 388435, India.
| | - Divya Rai
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Ruchi Singh
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt Ltd, Anand, Gujarat, 388435, India.
| | - Shradha Sinha
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Dharmendra Choudhary
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Geet Kumar Nagar
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Lal Hingorani
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt Ltd, Anand, Gujarat, 388435, India.
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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10
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Kang SH, Lee WH, Sim JS, Thaku N, Chang S, Hong JP, Oh TJ. De novo Transcriptome Assembly of Senna occidentalis Sheds Light on the Anthraquinone Biosynthesis Pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:773553. [PMID: 35046973 PMCID: PMC8761625 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.773553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Senna occidentalis is an annual leguminous herb that is rich in anthraquinones, which have various pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the genetics of S. occidentalis, particularly its anthraquinone biosynthesis pathway. To broaden our understanding of the key genes and regulatory mechanisms involved in the anthraquinone biosynthesis pathway, we used short RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and long-read isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) to perform a spatial and temporal transcriptomic analysis of S. occidentalis. This generated 121,592 RNA-Seq unigenes and 38,440 Iso-Seq unigenes. Comprehensive functional annotation and classification of these datasets using public databases identified unigene sequences related to major secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways and critical transcription factor families (bHLH, WRKY, MYB, and bZIP). A tissue-specific differential expression analysis of S. occidentalis and measurement of the amount of anthraquinones revealed that anthraquinone accumulation was related to the gene expression levels in the different tissues. In addition, the amounts and types of anthraquinones produced differ between S. occidentalis and S. tora. In conclusion, these results provide a broader understanding of the anthraquinone metabolic pathway in S. occidentalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ho Kang
- Genomics Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Woo-Haeng Lee
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Joon-Soo Sim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Niha Thaku
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Saemin Chang
- Genomics Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Hong
- Genomics Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Oh
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, Asan, South Korea
- Genome-Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Asan, South Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, SunMoon University, Asan, South Korea
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11
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Agarwal T, Tan SA, Onesto V, Law JX, Agrawal G, Pal S, Lim WL, Sharifi E, Moghaddam FD, Maiti TK. Engineered herbal scaffolds for tissue repair and regeneration: Recent trends and technologies. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bea.2021.100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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12
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Rai R, Kumar S, Singh KB, Khanka S, Singh Y, Arya KR, Kanojiya S, Maurya R, Singh D. Extract and fraction of Musa paradisiaca flower have osteogenic effect and prevent ovariectomy induced osteopenia. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153750. [PMID: 34662767 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is an asymptomatic bone disorder leading to altered bone microarchitecture, mineralization and strength. Musa paradisiaca has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in various diseases. Its impact on postmenopausal osteoporosis has not been investigated yet. PURPOSE The intention of the current study was to evaluate the bone regeneration and osteoprotective potential of extract and fraction of M. paradisiaca flower in ovariectomized (Ovx) Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, a model of post-menopausal bone loss. The study also aims to identify osteogenic compounds from active fraction. METHODS Ethanolic extract (MFE) and butanolic fraction (MFE-Bu) from flower of M. paradisiaca were prepared and their efficacy was tested in rat femur osteotomy model at different doses. Effective dose from both extract (250 mg/kg) and fraction (50 mg/kg) were taken for study in osteopenic bone loss model. PTH was taken as reference standard (20 µg/kg/twice a week). Bones were harvested at autopsy for dynamic and static histomorphometry. Serum was collected for ELISA. Pure compounds were isolated from butanolic fraction (MFE-Bu), and were assessed for their osteogenic effect. RESULTS MFE and MFE-Bu were observed for their potential in bone healing and prevention of bone loss. Both MFE and MFE-Bu promoted new bone regeneration at injury site as assessed by microCT and calcein dye labeling studies. These also led to restoration of bone microarchitecture deteriorated as a result of osteopenia and improved bone biomechanical properties. Extract as well as the fraction exhibited dual bone anabolic and anti-resorptive properties where they elevated serum procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), a bone formation marker and suppressed serum C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1), a bone resorption marker. As many as four osteogenic compounds were isolated from MFE-Bu. Oleracein-E was found to be the most potent osteogenic agent based on osteoblast differentiation, mineralization assays, qPCR and protein expression studies. CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrates that ethanolic extract from the flower of M. paradisiaca and its butanolic fraction exhibit dual osteogenic and anti-resorptive potential, and have an advantage over PTH which though promotes bone formation but is also bone catabolic in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Rai
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Krishna Bhan Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002
| | - Sonu Khanka
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002
| | - Yatendra Singh
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - K R Arya
- Division of Ethnobotany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sanjeev Kanojiya
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002.
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13
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Pal S, Singh M, Porwal K, Rajak S, Das N, Rajput S, Trivedi AK, Maurya R, Sinha RA, Siddiqi MI, Sanyal S, Chattopadhyay N. Adiponectin receptors by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration promote osteoblast differentiation: Discovery of isovitexin as a new class of small molecule adiponectin receptor modulator with potential osteoanabolic function. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 913:174634. [PMID: 34785210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we established adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) as osteoanabolic target. To discover small molecule agonists of AdipoRs, we studied apigenin and apigenin-6C-glucopyranose (isovitexin) that induced osteoblast differentiation. In-silico, in vitro and omics-based studies were performed. Molecular docking using the crystal structures of AdipoRs showed different interaction profiles of isovitexin and apigenin. In osteoblasts, isovitexin but not apigenin rapidly phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) which is downstream of AdipoRs and a master regulator of cellular energy metabolism, and upregulated expression of AdipoRs. Blocking AMPK abolished the osteogenic effect of isovitexin and its effect on AdipoR expression. Isovitexin upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), the mitochondrial biogenesis factor in osteoblasts, and the effect was blocked by AMPK inhibition. Upregulation of PGC-1α by isovitexin was accompanied by increased mitochondrial membrane proteins and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Isovitexin via AdipoRs and PGC-1α induced oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and ATP synthesis that resulted in osteoblast differentiation. Isovitexin had no agonistic/antagonistic activity and stimulatory/inhibitory effect in screening platforms for G protein-coupled receptors and kinases, respectively. In vivo, isovitexin upregulated AdipoRs and osteogenic genes, and increased mtDNA in rat calvarium. We conclude that isovitexin selectively via AdipoRs induced osteoblast differentiation that was fuelled by mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Maninder Singh
- Division of Molecular and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sangam Rajak
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Nabanita Das
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Swati Rajput
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Arun K Trivedi
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rohit A Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Mohammad I Siddiqi
- Division of Molecular and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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14
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Mugale MN, Shukla S, Chourasia MK, Hanif K, Nazir A, Singh S, Gayen JR, Kumaravelu J, Tripathi RK, Mohrana B, Barthwal MK, Kumar A, Sharma D, Mohan D, Srivastava AK, Samuel SS, Kaleti N, Bharti S, Srivastava A, Sharma D, Meena AK, Chandra R, Yadav S, Bhushan B, Pandey SK, Agnihotri PK, Bora HK, Kanojiya S, Sharma S, Mishra PR, Arya KR, Chattopadhyay N, Rath SK, Bhadauria S. Regulatory safety pharmacology and toxicity assessments of a standardized stem extract of Cassia occidentalis Linn. in rodents. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 123:104960. [PMID: 34022260 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cassia occidentalis Linn (CO) is an annual/perennial plant having traditional uses in the treatments of ringworm, gastrointestinal ailments and piles, bone fracture, and wound healing. Previously, we confirmed the medicinal use of the stem extract (ethanolic) of CO (henceforth CSE) in fracture healing at 250 mg/kg dose in rats and described an osteogenic mode of action of four phytochemicals present in CSE. Here we studied CSE's preclinical safety and toxicity. CSE prepared as per regulations of Current Good Manufacturing Practice for human pharmaceuticals/phytopharmaceuticals and all studies were performed in rodents in a GLP-accredited facility. In acute dose toxicity as per New Drug and Clinical Trial Rules, 2019 (prior name schedule Y), in rats and mice and ten-day dose range-finding study in rats, CSE showed no mortality and no gross abnormality at 2500 mg/kg dose. Safety Pharmacology showed no adverse effect on central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and respiratory system at 2500 mg/kg dose. CSE was not mutagenic in the Ames test and did not cause clastogenicity assessed by in vivo bone marrow genotoxicity assay. By a sub chronic (90 days) repeated dose (as per OECD, 408 guideline) study in rats, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level was found to be 2500 mg/kg assessed by clinico-biochemistry and all organs histopathology. We conclude that CSE is safe up to 10X the dose required for its osteogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kashif Hanif
- Pharmacology, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Neuroscience & Ageing Biology, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Sarika Singh
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | | | | | | | | | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Divya Mohan
- Pharmacology, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | | | | | - Navodayam Kaleti
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Sachi Bharti
- Pharmacology, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | | | - Divyansh Sharma
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Anil Kumar Meena
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | | | - Sudhaker Yadav
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | | | - Sadan K Pandey
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | | | - Himangsu K Bora
- Laboratory Animals Facility, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Sanjeev Kanojiya
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | - Sharad Sharma
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | | | - Kamal R Arya
- Division of Botany, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
| | | | | | - Smrati Bhadauria
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226 031, India.
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15
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Pal S, Sayeed M, Kumar A, Verma DP, Harioudh MK, Verma NK, Porwal K, Sharma S, Kulkarni C, Bandyopadhyay A, Mugale MN, Mitra K, Ghosh JK, Chattopadhyay N. Self-Assembling Nano-Globular Peptide from Human Lactoferrin Acts as a Systemic Enhancer of Bone Regeneration: A Novel Peptide for Orthopedic Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17300-17315. [PMID: 33830736 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A technology for systemic and repeated administration of osteogenic factors for orthopedic use is an unmet medical need. Lactoferrin (∼80 kDa), present in milk, is known to support bone growth. We discovered a lactoferrin-mimetic peptide, LP2 (an 18-residue fragment from the N-terminus of the N-lobe of human lactoferrin), which self-assembles into a nano-globular assembly with a β-sheet structure in an aqueous environment. LP2 is non-hemolytic and non-cytotoxic against human red blood cells and 3T3 fibroblasts, respectively, and appreciably stable in the human serum. LP2 through the bone morphogenetic protein-dependent mechanism stimulates osteoblast differentiation more potently than the full-length protein as well as the osteoblastic production of osteoprotegerin (an anti-osteoclastogenic factor). Consequently, daily subcutaneous administration of LP2 to rats and rabbits with osteotomy resulted in faster bone healing and stimulated bone formation in rats with a low bone mass more potently than that with teriparatide, the standard-of-care osteogenic peptide for osteoporosis. LP2 has skeletal bioavailability and is safe at the 15× osteogenic dose. Thus, LP2 is a novel peptide that can be administered systemically for the medical management of hard-to-heal fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mohd Sayeed
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Devesh P Verma
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Munesh K Harioudh
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Neeraj K Verma
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Chirag Kulkarni
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Amitabha Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Madhav N Mugale
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
- Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kalyan Mitra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
- Electron Microscopy Unit, SAIF Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jimut K Ghosh
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
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16
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Liaw CC, Lin YC, Wu SY, Kuo JCL, Lin ZH, Lin KW, Hui-Chi H, Yang Kuo LM, Kuo YH. Anti-inflammatory constituents from Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:1425-1432. [PMID: 33583286 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1885406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel chromone analogue, phyllomakin A (1), and a new flavonolignan, (-)-quiquelignan C (2), along with 18 phenolic and 2 triterpenoids, were isolated from the leaves of Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata. The structures of 1-22 were elucidated by an application of various spectroscopic analyses (1D & 2D NMR and MS) and compared with reported data. A biological evaluation showed that compound 3 had very potent anti-NO production activity (IC50 = 4.80 µM), while compounds 2, 6, 11, and 15 showed moderate inhibitory effects (IC50 = 10.19, 13.26, 13.56, and 10.96 µM, respectively) without affecting cell viability at 20 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ching Liaw
- Division of Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Lin
- Division of Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yu Wu
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenny Chun-Ling Kuo
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hu Lin
- Division of Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wei Lin
- Division of Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huang Hui-Chi
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ming Yang Kuo
- Department of Research and Development, Starsci Biotech Co. Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Division of Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Singh P, Gupta A, Qayoom I, Singh S, Kumar A. Orthobiologics with phytobioactive cues: A paradigm in bone regeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110754. [PMID: 34321168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone injuries occur due to various traumatic and disease conditions. Healing of bone injury occurs via a multi-stage intricate process. Body has the potential to rectify most of the bone injuries but some severe traumatic cases with critical size defects may require interventions. Autografts are still considered the "gold standard" for fracture healing but due to limitations associated with it, new alternatives are warranted. The field of orthobiologics has provided novel approaches using scaffolds, bioactive molecules, stem cells for the treatment of bone defects. Phyto-bioactives have been widely used in alternative medicine and folklore practices for curing bone ailments. It is believed that different bioactive constituents in plants work synergistically to give the therapeutic efficacy. Bioactives in plants extracts act upon different signal transduction pathways aiding in bone healing. The present review focuses on the use, chemical composition, mode of delivery, mechanism of action, and possible future strategies of three medicinal plants popularly used in traditional medicine for bone healing: Cissus quadrangularis, Withania somnifera and Tinospora cordifolia. Plants extracts seem to be a natural and non-toxic therapeutic alternative in treating bone injuries. Most of the studies on bone healing for these plants have reported oral administration of the extracts and presented them as a safe alternative without any side effects despite giving higher doses. Forthcoming studies could be directed towards the local delivery of extracts at the defect site. Unification of herbal extracts and orthobiologics could be an interesting direction in the field of bone healing in future. The present review intends to provide a bird's eye view of different strategies used in bone healing, mechanisms involved and future direction of advancements using phytobioactives and orthobiologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Singh
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India
| | - Archita Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra (BIT Mesra), Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Irfan Qayoom
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India
| | - Sneha Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra (BIT Mesra), Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India; Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India; Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India.
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18
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Pal S, Rashid M, Singh SK, Porwal K, Singh P, Mohamed R, Gayen JR, Wahajuddin M, Chattopadhyay N. Skeletal restoration by phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors in osteopenic mice: Evidence of osteoanabolic and osteoangiogenic effects of the drugs. Bone 2020; 135:115305. [PMID: 32126313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides and thereby regulate diverse cellular functions. The reports on the skeletal effects of PDE inhibitors are conflicting. Here, we screened 17 clinically used non-xanthine PDE inhibitors (selective and non-selective) using mouse calvarial osteoblasts (MCO) where the readout was osteoblast differentiation. From this screen, we identified sildenafil and vardenafil (both PDE5 inhibitors) having the least osteogenic EC50. Both drugs significantly increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) expressions in MCO and the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME completely blocked VEGF expression induced by these drugs. Sunitinib, a tyrosine receptor kinase inhibitor that also blocks VEGFR2 blocked sildenafil-/vardenafil-induced osteoblast differentiation. At half of their human equivalent doses, i.e. 6.0 mg/kg sildenafil and 2.5 mg/kg vardenafil, the maximum bone marrow level of sildenafil was 32% and vardenafil was 21% of their blood levels. At these doses, both drugs enhanced bone regeneration at the femur osteotomy site and completely restored bone mass, microarchitecture, and strength in OVX mice. Furthermore, both drugs increased surface referent bone formation and serum bone formation marker (P1NP) without affecting the resorption marker (CTX-1). Both drugs increased the expression of VEGF and VEGFR2 in bones and osteoblasts and increased skeletal vascularity. Sunitinib completely blocked the bone restorative and vascular effects of sildenafil and vardenafil in OVX mice. Taken together, our study suggested that sildenafil and vardenafil at half of their adult human doses completely reversed osteopenia in OVX mice by an osteogenic mechanism that was associated with enhanced skeletal vascularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CDRI-CSIR, Lucknow 226031, India
| | | | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Riyazuddin Mohamed
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CDRI-CSIR, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CDRI-CSIR, Lucknow 226031, India
| | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow 226031, India.
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19
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Pal S, Porwal K, Rajak S, Sinha RA, Chattopadhyay N. Selective dietary polyphenols induce differentiation of human osteoblasts by adiponectin receptor 1-mediated reprogramming of mitochondrial energy metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110207. [PMID: 32422565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anabolic therapies for osteoporosis including dietary polyphenols promote osteoblast function by influencing its energy metabolism. Among the dietary polyphenols, the beneficial skeletal effects of genistein (an isoflavone), kaempferol (a flavone), resveratrol (RES, a stilbenoid) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, a catechin) have been reported in preclinical studies. We studied the action mechanism of these nutraceuticals on osteoblast bioenergetics. All stimulated differentiation of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB). However, only EGCG and RES stimulated mitochondrial parameters including basal and maximum respiration, spare respiratory capacity and ATP production (a measure of the activity of electron transport chain/ETC). Increases in these parameters were due to increased mitochondrial biogenesis and consequent upregulation of several mitochondrial proteins including those involved in ETC. Rotenone blocked the osteogenic effect of EGCG and RES suggesting the mediatory action of mitochondria. Both compounds rapidly activated AMPK, and dorsomorphin (an AMPK inhibitor) abolished ATP production stimulated by these compounds. Moreover, EGCG and RES upregulated the mitochondrial biogenesis factor, PGC-1α which is downstream of AMPK activation, and silencing PGC-1α blocked their stimulatory effects on ATP production and hFOB differentiation. Adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) is an upstream regulator of PGC-1α, and both compounds increased the expression of AdipoR1 but not AdipoR2. Silencing AdipoR1 blocked the upregulation of EGCG/RES-induced PGC-1α and hFOB differentiation. In rat calvarium, both compounds increased AdipoR1, PGC-1α, and RunX2 (the osteoblast transcription factor) with a concomitant increase in mitochondrial copy number and ATP levels. We conclude that EGCG and RES display osteogenic effects by reprogramming osteoblastic bioenergetics by acting as the AdipoR1 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sangam Rajak
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Rohit A Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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20
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Pal S, Mittapelly N, Husain A, Kushwaha S, Chattopadhyay S, Kumar P, Ramakrishna E, Kumar S, Maurya R, Sanyal S, Gayen JR, Mishra PR, Chattopadhyay N. A butanolic fraction from the standardized stem extract of Cassia occidentalis L delivered by a self-emulsifying drug delivery system protects rats from glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia and muscle atrophy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:195. [PMID: 31932603 PMCID: PMC6957531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that a butanol soluble fraction from the stem of Cassia occidentalis (CSE-Bu) consisting of osteogenic compounds mitigated methylprednisone (MP)-induced osteopenia in rats, albeit failed to afford complete protection thus leaving a substantial scope for further improvement. To this aim, we prepared an oral formulation that was a lipid-based self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system (CSE-BuF). The globule size of CSE-BuF was in the range of 100–180 nm of diluted emulsion and the zeta potential was −28 mV. CSE-BuF enhanced the circulating levels of five osteogenic compounds compared to CSE-Bu. CSE-BuF (50 mg/kg) promoted bone regeneration at the osteotomy site and completely prevented MP-induced loss of bone mass and strength by concomitant osteogenic and anti-resorptive mechanisms. The MP-induced downregulations of miR29a (the positive regulator of the osteoblast transcription factor, Runx2) and miR17 and miR20a (the negative regulators of the osteoclastogenic cytokine RANKL) in bone was prevented by CSE-BuF. In addition, CSE-BuF protected rats from the MP-induced sarcopenia and/or muscle atrophy by downregulating the skeletal muscle atrogenes, adverse changes in body weight and composition. CSE-BuF did not impact the anti-inflammatory effect of MP. Our preclinical study established CSE-BuF as a prophylactic agent against MP-induced osteopenia and muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Athar Husain
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India.,AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Padam Kumar
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India.,AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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21
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Riyazuddin M, Husain A, Verma S, Katekar R, Garg R, Kumar S, Satish S, Maurya R, Narender T, Chattopadhyay N, Gayen JR. Simultaneous quantification of five biomarkers in ethanolic extract ofCassia occidentalisLinn. stem using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: application to its pharmacokinetic studies. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4579-4588. [PMID: 35495260 PMCID: PMC9049199 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cassia occidentalis L. stem extract is used as a purgative, febrifuge, and diuretic, and in the treatment of flu, fever, fracture and bone diseases. Pharmacological studies prove the osteogenic and antiresorptive effects of Cassia occidentalis L. ethanolic extract (COEE), which may be due to apigenin, apigenin-6-C-glucopyranoside, luteolin, 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone and emodin. The objectives of this study was to develop a selective and sensitive LC-MS/MS method and validate for the simultaneous determination of the above five biomarkers in rat plasma after oral administration of COEE at a dose of 500 mg kg−1. The analytes were separated on a Phenomenex Luna C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 3.0 μm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of methanol-10 mM ammonium acetate buffer (95 : 05, v/v). Run time was for 5.5 min with LLOQ of 1 ng mL−1 for all the analytes. The mass spectrometer was operating in negative ionization mode for quantification of the analytes. The calibration curves were linear (r2 > 0.99) for all the analytes. The intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 8.17% and the relative error was between −8.57% and 7.28%. Analytes were rapidly absorbed in the oral pharmacokinetic study. The biomarkers were stable in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids but underwent metabolism in rat liver microsomes. This is the first report on in vivo oral pharmacokinetics and in vitro stability studies of osteogenic compounds present in COEE. These results will be helpful for further understanding of pharmacodynamic behaviour of COEE and the bioanalytical method will be useful for further preclinical/clinical trials. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to develop a bioanalytical method for simultaneous quantification of five biomarkers of Cassia occidentalis L. ethanolic extract to use in oral pharmacokinetics and in vitro stability studies.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Riyazuddin
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | - Athar Husain
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Saurabh Verma
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Roshan Katekar
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Richa Garg
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | - Sabbu Satish
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | - Tadigoppula Narender
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | | | - Jiaur R. Gayen
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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22
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Khan YA, Maurya SK, Kulkarni C, Tiwari MC, Nagar GK, Chattopadhyay N. Fasciola
helminth defense molecule‐1 protects against experimental arthritis by inhibiting osteoclast formation and function without modulating the systemic immune response. FASEB J 2019; 34:1091-1106. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901480rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Akhtar Khan
- Division of Endocrinology CSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
- Section of Parasitology Department of Zoology Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India
| | | | - Chirag Kulkarni
- Division of Endocrinology CSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | | | - Geet Kumar Nagar
- Division of Endocrinology CSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology CSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
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23
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Plant Extracts in the Bone Repair Process: A Systematic Review. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:1296153. [PMID: 31885494 PMCID: PMC6899290 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1296153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone lesions are an important public health problem, with high socioeconomic costs. Bone tissue repair is coordinated by an inflammatory dynamic process mediated by osteoprogenitor cells of the periosteum and endosteum, responsible for the formation of a new bone matrix. Studies using antioxidant products from plants for bone lesion treatment have been growing worldwide. We developed a systematic review to compile the results of works with animal models investigating the anti-inflammatory activity of plant extracts in the treatment of bone lesions and analyze the methodological quality of the studies on this subject. Studies were selected in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases according to the PRISMA statement. The research filters were constructed using three parameters: animal model, bone repair, and plant extracts. 31 full-text articles were recovered from 10 countries. Phytochemical prospecting was reported in 15 studies (48.39%). The most common secondary metabolites were flavonoids, cited in 32.26% studies (n = 10). Essential criteria to in vivo animal studies were frequently underreported, suggesting publication bias. The animals treated with plant extracts presented positive results in the osteoblastic proliferation, and consequently, this treatment accelerated osteogenic differentiation and bone callus formation, as well as bone fracture repair. Possibly, these results are associated with antioxidant, regenerative, and anti-inflammatory power of the extracts. The absence or incomplete characterization of the animal models, treatment protocols, and phytochemical and toxicity analyses impairs the internal validity of the evidence, making it difficult to determine the effectiveness and safety of plant-derived products in bone repair.
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