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Erdas A, Marti ME. Eco-Friendly Approach for the Recovery of Lactic Acid by Complex Extraction. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16959-16968. [PMID: 38645318 PMCID: PMC11025082 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
To meet the growing demand for high-purity lactic acid (LA) for biocompatible and biodegradable polymers, LA recovery by green techniques has been attracting the attention. This study focuses on the evaluation of vegetable oils as organic phase diluents in complex extraction of LA with an aliphatic tertiary amine extractant, trioctylamine (TOA). Eight vegetable oils were tested, and their performances were evaluated individually and compared with those obtained using 1-octanol. Extraction yields with these oils were similar; however, efficiencies with safflower oil (SFO) were slightly higher than those obtained with other oils tested. Efficiency with SFO + TOA varied inversely with temperature and pH; however, it increased with higher LA and TOA concentrations. Within the ranges of parameters investigated, the highest yield in SFO was 66% and was achieved at the highest TOA (1.0 M) and LA (1.5 M) concentrations. The efficiency obtained in 1-octanol under the identical conditions was 76%. Thus, the yields obtained with SFO + TOA and 1-octanol + TOA were comparable under most of the conditions tested, especially at the higher LA concentrations, which is preferred for commercial production. Following that, >99% of the LA was transferred from the organic phase to the (second) aqueous phase using NaOH (1.0 M) as a stripping agent. The organic phase was tested in subsequent extractions, and yields comparable to those obtained in the first uses were achieved. This study demonstrated that vegetable oils have the potential to be used as organic phase diluents during complex extraction of LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aybikenur Erdas
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Konya Technical
University, 42075 Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Esen Marti
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Konya Technical
University, 42075 Konya, Turkey
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2
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Olsmats E, Rennie AR. Pea protein [Pisum sativum] as stabilizer for oil/water emulsions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 326:103123. [PMID: 38502971 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A map of stability for various water/oil/pea protein compositions has been plotted from the numerous reported results. Two clear regions of stability were identified. High internal oil phase emulsions with 70-80%, v/v oil content stabilized by total pea protein concentration <2.5%, w/v showed stability. Low oil content of 10-30%, v/v for a range of total pea protein concentrations >0.5%, w/v have also been identified as stable. Intermediate oil content and pea protein concentrations >4% w/v are unexplored regions and are likely to be areas of fruitful future research. The wide range of stability suggests that different stabilization mechanisms could be important for different compositions and careful consideration has to be taken to avoid oversimplification. Both stabilization with particles, i.e. Pickering emulsions, and protein unfolding have been suggested as mechanisms. The diverse way of describing stability makes it difficult to intercompare results in different studies. A summary of different oil types used have been presented and several properties such as dynamic viscosity, density, the dielectric constant and interfacial tension have been summarized for common vegetable oils. The type of vegetable oil and emulsion preparation techniques were seen to have rather little effect on emulsion stability. However, the different extraction methods and processing of the pea material had more effect, which could be attributed to changing composition of different proteins and to the states of aggregation and denaturing. Careful consideration has to be taken in the choice of extraction method and an increased understanding of what contributes to the stability is desirable for further progress in research and eventual product formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Olsmats
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Adrian R Rennie
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
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3
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Shibata K, Yoshida M, Hirakawa K, Otsuka T, Bisri SZ, Iwasa Y. Single PbS colloidal quantum dot transistors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7486. [PMID: 37980351 PMCID: PMC10657373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots are sub-10 nm semiconductors treated with liquid processes, rendering them attractive candidates for single-electron transistors operating at high temperatures. However, there have been few reports on single-electron transistors using colloidal quantum dots due to the difficulty in fabrication. In this work, we fabricated single-electron transistors using single oleic acid-capped PbS quantum dot coupled to nanogap metal electrodes and measured single-electron tunneling. We observed dot size-dependent carrier transport, orbital-dependent electron charging energy and conductance, electric field modulation of the electron confinement potential, and the Kondo effect, which provide nanoscopic insights into carrier transport through single colloidal quantum dots. Moreover, the large charging energy in small quantum dots enables single-electron transistor operation even at room temperature. These findings, as well as the commercial availability and high stability, make PbS quantum dots promising for the development of quantum information and optoelectronic devices, particularly room-temperature single-electron transistors with excellent optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Shibata
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, 35-1 Yagiyama, Kasumi-cho, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8577, Japan.
| | - Masaki Yoshida
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, 35-1 Yagiyama, Kasumi-cho, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hirakawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Institute for Nano Quantum Information Electronics, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Otsuka
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-05, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
- Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Quantum Functional System Research Group, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Satria Zulkarnaen Bisri
- Emergent Device Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Iwasa
- Emergent Device Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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4
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Bednorz J, Smela K, Zapotoczny S. Tailoring Properties of Hyaluronate-Based Core-Shell Nanocapsules with Encapsulation of Mixtures of Edible Oils. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14995. [PMID: 37834444 PMCID: PMC10573177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dispersions of core-shell nanocapsules (nanoemulsion) composed of liquid oil cores and polysaccharide-based shells were fabricated with emulsification using various mixtures of edible oils and amphiphilic hyaluronate derivatized with 12-carbon alkyl chains forming the shells. Such nanocapsules, with typical diameters in the 100-500 nm range, have been previously shown as promising carriers of lipophilic bioactive compounds. Here, the influence of some properties of the oil cores on the size and stability of the capsules were systematically investigated using oil binary mixtures. The results indicated that, in general, the lower the density, viscosity, and interfacial tension (IFT) between the oil and aqueous polymer solution phases, the smaller the size of the capsules. Importantly, an unexpected synergistic reduction of IFT of mixed oils was observed leading to the values below the measured for individual oils. Such a behavior may be used to tailor size but also other properties of the nanocapsules (e.g., stability, solubility of encapsulated compounds) that could not be achieved applying just a single oil. It is in high demand for applications in pharmaceutical or food industries and opens opportunities of using more complex combinations of oils with more components to achieve an even further reduction of IFT leading to even smaller nanocapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Bednorz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
- CHDE Polska S.A., Biesiadna 7, 35-304 Rzeszow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Prof. St. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Smela
- Independent Researcher, Chopin St. 7, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Szczepan Zapotoczny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
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5
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Ciuffarin F, Alongi M, Peressini D, Barba L, Lucci P, Calligaris S. Role of the polyphenol content on the structuring behavior of liposoluble gelators in extra virgin olive oil. Food Chem 2023; 412:135572. [PMID: 36724719 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of polyphenols in affecting the structural and rheological properties of oleogels was investigated. Polyphenols were selectively removed from extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), and the resulting oils at three different polyphenol levels were gelled by using 10% (w/w) of monoglycerides (MG), rice wax (RW), sunflower wax (SW), and a mixture of β-sitosterol/γ-oryzanol (PS). The structural characteristics of oleogels were assessed by visual appearance, rheology, polarized light microscopy, calorimetry, XRD, and FTIR. Polyphenol content differently affected oleogel characteristics depending on network features. While EVOO-polyphenols did not influence PS- and SW-based oleogels, they reinforced MG- and RW-based oleogel network. As polyphenol content increased, the critical stress and melting temperature also increased, concomitantly with changes in crystal morphology. This was attributed to the capacity of polyphenols to form additional junction points in the crystalline network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ciuffarin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marilisa Alongi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Donatella Peressini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Luisa Barba
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Lucci
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Sonia Calligaris
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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6
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Richa, Roy Choudhury A. Self-assembled pH-stable gellan/κ-carrageenan bigel: Rheological studies and viscosity prediction by neural network. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124057. [PMID: 36933592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The current study focused on analysing and predicting the effect of physicochemical parameters on the rheological properties of the novel polysaccharide-based bigel. This is the first study to report a bigel fabricated entirely from polysaccharides and develop a neural network to predict the modulation in its rheology. This bi-phasic gel had gellan and κ-carrageenan as the constitutive elements in the aqueous and the organic phase, respectively. Physicochemical studies revealed the influence of organogel in eliciting high mechanical strength and smooth surface morphology to the bigel. Furthermore, variation in physiochemical parameters indicated the bigel's inertness towards change in pH of the system. However, variation in temperature led to a noticeable change in the rheology of the bigel. It was observed that after gradual decline, the bigel regained its original viscosity as the temperature increased beyond 80 °C. Insights from this study can pave way for the development of highly-stable polysaccharide bigels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa
- Biochemical Engineering Research & Process Development Centre (BERPDC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Anirban Roy Choudhury
- Biochemical Engineering Research & Process Development Centre (BERPDC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India.
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7
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Chen Z, Mense AL, Brewer LR, Shi YC. Wheat bran layers: composition, structure, fractionation, and potential uses in foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 36728922 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2171962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Wheat bran, the main by-product of dry milling of wheat, is currently mainly used in the animal feed industry, but has attracted attention as a food ingredient owing to its high dietary fiber and phytochemical contents, providing excellent physiological effects. The bran layers (aleurone layer, outer pericarp and intermediate layer) contain different compositions, structures, and nutrients, and have different properties. Each layer, when separated and isolated, potentially could find more extensive applications in foods. This triggered interest in isolating the bran layers using milling and wet- or dry-fractionation techniques based on their chemical or physical properties. The recent progress has allowed the production of commercial products from wheat bran layers, particularly aleurone-rich products, enhancing the value of wheat bran layers and their applications in food. The present review highlights the recent advances in studying the chemical composition including distribution of chemical components, physical structure, biopolymer matrix, and physicochemical properties of each wheat bran layer. Technologies to fractionate wheat bran layers and utilization of different bran layers in foods are discussed and reviewed, providing new strategies for improving the value of wheat bran and utilization of wheat bran in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Andrew L Mense
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Wheat Marketing Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lauren R Brewer
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yong-Cheng Shi
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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8
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Sudhakar A, Chakraborty SK, Kate A. Understanding the variations in dielectric properties of mustard ( Brassica nigra L.) and argemone ( Argemone mexicana) oil blends at different temperatures. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:643-653. [PMID: 36712207 PMCID: PMC9873895 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Mustard oil is the most commonly adulterated edible oil, invariably with argemone oil. This study was aimed to develop a parallel plate capacitive sensor for measurement of dielectric properties of pure mustard oil, pure argemone oil and their blends (25, 50 and 75%) at five levels of varying temperature (10 to 50 °C). The effect of blend ratio and temperature on the selected dielectric properties of oil-capacitance (C), dielectric loss tangent (tanδ), dielectric constant ( ε ' ), dielectric loss factor ( ε ″ ) and electrical conductivity (σ) were investigated. It was observed that composition of the individual oils in terms of moisture and fatty acids influenced the physical and dielectric properties. The sensor was used to relate the dielectric properties of oil samples with blend ratio and temperature by means of statistically significant (p < 0.05) and robust (R 2 > 0.8) multiple linear regression model. The effect of temperature on C and ε ' was negative, while it was otherwise for tanδ, ε ″ and σ. Increase in argemone oil content in the blends, increased the dielectric measures due to the associated changes in the physical and chemical properties. The capacitive sensor could distinctly identify mustard oil, argemone oil and its blends on the basis of dielectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sudhakar
- Agro-Produce and Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Beraisa Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal, 462038 India
| | - Subir Kumar Chakraborty
- Agro-Produce and Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Beraisa Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal, 462038 India
| | - Adinath Kate
- Agro-Produce and Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Beraisa Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal, 462038 India
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9
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Showkat I, Khanday FA, Beigh MR. A review of bio-impedance devices. Med Biol Eng Comput 2023; 61:927-950. [PMID: 36637716 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02763-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-impedance measurement analysis primarily refers to a safe and a non-invasive technique to analyze the electrical changes in living tissues on the application of low-value alternating current. It finds applications both in the biomedical and the agricultural fields. This paper concisely reviews the origin and measurement approaches for concepts and fundamentals of bio-impedance followed by a critical review on bio-impedance portable devices with main emphasis on the embedded system approach which is in demand due to its miniature size and present lifestyle preference of monitoring health in real time. The paper also provides a comprehensive review of various bio-impedance circuits with emphasis on the measurement and calibration techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Showkat
- Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Farooq A Khanday
- Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - M Rafiq Beigh
- Department of Electronics, Govt. Degree College Sumbal, Sumbal, J&K, India
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10
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De Lazzari M, Ström A, Farina L, Silva NP, Curto S, Trefná HD. Ethylcellulose-stabilized fat-tissue phantom for quality assurance in clinical hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 2023; 40:2207797. [PMID: 37196995 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2207797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phantoms accurately mimicking the electromagnetic and thermal properties of human tissues are essential for the development, characterization, and quality assurance (QA) of clinically used equipment for Hyperthermia Treatment (HT). Currently, a viable recipe for a fat equivalent phantom is not available, mainly due to challenges in the fabrication process and fast deterioration. MATERIALS AND METHODS We propose to employ a glycerol-in-oil emulsion stabilized with ethylcellulose to develop a fat-mimicking material. The dielectric, rheological, and thermal properties of the phantom have been assessed by state-of-the-art measurement techniques. The full-size phantom was then verified in compliance with QA guidelines for superficial HT, both numerically and experimentally, considering the properties variability. RESULTS Dielectric and thermal properties were proven equivalent to fat tissue, with an acceptable variability, in the 8 MHz to 1 GHz range. The rheology measurements highlighted enhanced mechanical stability over a large temperature range. Both numerical and experimental evaluations proved the suitability of the phantom for QA procedures. The impact of the dielectric property variations on the temperature distribution has been numerically proven to be limited (around 5%), even if higher for capacitive devices (up to 20%). CONCLUSIONS The proposed fat-mimicking phantom is a good candidate for hyperthermia technology assessment processes, adequately representing both dielectric and thermal properties of the human fat tissue while maintaining structural stability even at elevated temperatures. However, further experimental investigations on capacitive heating devices are necessary to better assess the impact of the low electrical conductivity values on the thermal distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia De Lazzari
- Biomedical Electromagnetics, Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Anna Ström
- Applied Chemistry, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Laura Farina
- Translational Medical Device Lab, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nuno P Silva
- Translational Medical Device Lab, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sergio Curto
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hana Dobšíček Trefná
- Biomedical Electromagnetics, Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
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11
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Oil Penetration of Batter-Breaded Fish Nuggets during Deep-Fat Frying: Effect of Frying Oils. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213369. [PMID: 36359982 PMCID: PMC9655036 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Four frying oils (rapeseed, soybean, rice bran, and palm oils) were employed either as received (fresh) or after preheating at 180 °C for 10 h, and measured for their fatty acid composition, viscosity, and dielectric constant. Batter-breaded fish nuggets (BBFNs) were fried at 180 °C (60 s), and the effect of the oils’ quality on the oil penetration of fried BBFNs were investigated via the analysis of the absorption and the distribution of fat. Preheating increased the viscosity and dielectric constant of the oils. The total fat content using fresh oils was the greatest for palm oil (14.2%), followed by rice bran oil (12.2%), rapeseed oil (12.1%), and soybean oil (11.3%), a trend that was nearly consistent with the penetrated surface oil, except that the penetrated oil for soybean oil (6.8%) was higher than rapeseed oil (6.3%). The BBFNs which were fried using fresh oils possessed a more compact crust and smaller pores for the core and underwent a lower oil penetration compared to the preheated oils. The results suggested that the oils’ quality significantly affected the oil penetration of fried BBFNs.
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12
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Analysis and prediction of the major fatty acids in vegetable oils using dielectric spectroscopy at 5–30 MHz. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268827. [PMID: 35617210 PMCID: PMC9135300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A dielectric spectroscopy method was applied to determine major fatty acids composition in vegetable oils. Dielectric constants of vegetable oils were measured in the frequency range of 5–30 MHz. After data pre-treatment, prediction models were constructed using partial least squares (PLS) regression between dielectric spectral values and the fatty acids compositions measured by gas chromatography. Generally, the root means square error of validation (RMSECV) was less than 11.23% in the prediction of individual fatty acids. The determination coefficient (R2) between predicted and measured oleic, linoleic, mono-unsaturated, and poly-unsaturated fatty acids were 0.84, 0.77, 0.84, and 0.84, respectively. These results indicated that dielectric spectroscopy coupled with PLS regression could be a promising method for predicting major fatty acid composition in vegetable oils and has the potential to be used for in-situ monitoring systems of daily consumption of dietary fatty acids.
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13
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Islam MR, Islam MT, M MS, Bais B, Almalki SHA, Alsaif H, Islam MS. Metamaterial sensor based on rectangular enclosed adjacent triple circle split ring resonator with good quality factor for microwave sensing application. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6792. [PMID: 35474227 PMCID: PMC9042823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10729-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, a novel shaped metamaterial sensor is presented for the recognition of various oils, fluids, and chemicals using microwave frequency. The performance of the designed sensor structure has been studied both theoretically and experimentally, and it works well. A new sample holder for convenient operation is created and located just behind the designed structure. The results of this study performed better than those of prior liquids sensing studies. Various designs were explored using the Genetic Algorithm (GA), and it is embedded in the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio, to optimize the optimal dimensions of the resonator. The suggested metamaterial sensor has a good-quality factor and sensitivity in both frequency shifting and amplitude changing. The resonance frequency shifted to 100 MHz between olive and corn oils, 70 MHz between sunflower and palm oils, 80 MHz between clean and waste brake fluids, and 90 MHz between benzene and carbon-tetrachloride chemicals. The quality factor of the sensor is 135, sensitivity is 0.56, and the figure of merit is 76 which expresses its efficient performance. Furthermore, the proposed sensor can sensitively distinguish different liquids by using the frequency shifting property. The study was carried out in three stages: dielectric constant (DK) measurement with the N1500A dielectric measurement kit, simulation of the structure, and experimental test study with the vector network analyzer. Since the recommended sensor has high sensitivity, good quality factor, and excellent performance, hence it can be used in chemical, oil, and microfluidic industries for detecting various liquid samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rashedul Islam
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammad Tariqul Islam
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 81481, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Salaheldeen M
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Badariah Bais
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Sami H A Almalki
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham Alsaif
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 81481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Shabiul Islam
- Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Microwave resonator can help to predict oxidative stability in C18-based vegetable oils. Food Chem 2022; 373:131606. [PMID: 34802806 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Effects of moisture content, degree of oxidation, degree of unsaturation of fatty acid compositions in C18-based edible oils were determined by a microwave resonator in the range of 0-4.4 GHz. Moisture content and degree of oxidation in corn oil made difference in signal intensity at 1.7-1.9 GHz and 1.0-1.2 GHz, respectively without uniform trend in signal intensity. Degree of unsaturation of C18-based edible oils including corn, sesame, soybean, olive, perilla, and flaxseed oils provided difference in 3.0-3.1 GHz with a dependent manner of degree of unsaturation. Average of signal intensity (ASI) in 3.0-3.1 GHz had high correlation (R2 > 0.93) to the degree of unsaturation in edible oils. Oils with high oleic acid had relatively low ASI while those with high linolenic acid had high ASI value. Oxidative stability of C18-based edible oils can be categorized successfully without fatty acid analysis using a microwave resonator.
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15
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Effect of Extracts Derived from Brown Algae (Sargassum horneri) on the Gel Property and Moisture Distribution of Hairtail Surimi Gel (Trichiurus haumela). Foods 2022; 11:foods11030411. [PMID: 35159562 PMCID: PMC8834317 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The cross-linking degree between myosin affected the surimi gel properties in the hairtail. In this study, the effects of phlorotannin extracts (PE) derived from brown algae (Sargassum horneri) with different concentrations (0.05%, 0.3%, 1% w/w) on the hairtail surimi gel-forming properties were investigated in comparison with the commercial phloroglucinol (PG). The breaking forces of surimi gel with 1% PE and 0.05% PG were increased by 14.80% and 2.73%, respectively. The increase in deformation was 9.66% with 1% PE compared with the control added with water, but there was no increase in deformation of surimi gel with 0.05% PG. The improved surimi gel structure with PE as a bridge for the three-dimensional network forming of protein was observed in the microstructure. Moreover, PE could significantly shorten the water relaxation time (p < 0.05), reduce free water content (p < 0.05), and increase the hydrogen proton density of the hairtail surimi according to the results of NMR, dielectric properties, and MRI map, respectively. Our findings suggest that the extracts from the brown algae could be a potential economical gel structure enhancer to improve the myosin network.
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16
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Scharfe M, Prange D, Flöter E. The composition of edible oils modifies β‐sitosterol/γ‐oryzanol oleogels. Part I: Stripped triglyceride oils. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scharfe
- Department of Food Processing Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Daniel Prange
- Department of Food Processing Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food Processing Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
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17
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Scharfe M, Prange D, Flöter E. The composition of edible oils modifies β‐sitosterol/γ‐oryzanol oleogels. Part
II
: Addition of selected minor oil components. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scharfe
- Department of Food Processing Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Daniel Prange
- Department of Food Processing Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food Processing Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
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18
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Zeng S, Trontz A, Xiao H, Dong J. Determining Dielectric Constants for Complex Solvent Mixtures by Microwave Sensing and Model Prediction. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:10245-10254. [PMID: 34797982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c07404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The frequency-dependent dielectric constant is a basic fluid property that is currently challenging to determine for complex liquid mixtures. Here, we report the determination of effective dielectric constants for various solvent mixtures under flow conditions using a simple in-line microwave Fabry-Pérot interferometer cable sensor. An ideal solution model-based mixing rule has been established and demonstrated for significantly improved prediction of dielectric constants for single-phase solvent mixtures. However, the current mixing rules exhibit large deviations for immiscible water/oil dispersions apparently because of the effects of strong interfacial polarizations on the overall mixture polarizability that are not accounted for by the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixuan Zeng
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Adam Trontz
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Hai Xiao
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Junhang Dong
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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19
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Alviso D, Zárate C, Artana G, Duriez T. Regressions of the dielectric constant and speed of sound of vegetable oils from their composition and temperature using genetic programming. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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20
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Plazzotta S, Jung I, Schroeter B, Subrahmanyam RP, Smirnova I, Calligaris S, Gurikov P, Manzocco L. Conversion of Whey Protein Aerogel Particles into Oleogels: Effect of Oil Type on Structural Features. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234063. [PMID: 34883569 PMCID: PMC8659083 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aerogel particles prepared by supercritical-CO2-drying (SCD) of ground whey protein (WP) hydrogels (20% w/w, pH 5.7) were converted into oleogels by dispersion in selected edible oils (castor, cod liver, corn, flaxseed, MCT, peanut and sunflower oil). The obtained oleogels were analysed for oil content, microstructure, rheological properties, and ATR-FTIR spectra. Except for castor oil, solid-like, plastic materials with comparable composition (80% oil, 20% WP) and rheological properties (G′~3.5 × 105 Pa, G″~0.20 × 105 Pa, critical stress~800 Pa, tanδ~0.060) were obtained. Optical and confocal microscopy showed that the generated structure was associated with the capillary-driven absorption of oil into the porous aerogel particles interconnected via particle-particle interactions. In this structure, the oil was stably entrapped. Results evidenced the reduced role of edible oil characteristics with the exception of castor oil, whose high polarity probably favoured particle–oil interactions hindering particle networking. This work demonstrates that WP aerogels could be regarded as versatile oleogel templates allowing the structuring of many edible oils into solid-like materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Plazzotta
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy; (S.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Isabella Jung
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany; (I.J.); (B.S.); (R.P.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Baldur Schroeter
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany; (I.J.); (B.S.); (R.P.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Raman P. Subrahmanyam
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany; (I.J.); (B.S.); (R.P.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Irina Smirnova
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany; (I.J.); (B.S.); (R.P.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Sonia Calligaris
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy; (S.P.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Pavel Gurikov
- Laboratory for Development and Modelling of Novel Nanoporous Materials, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Lara Manzocco
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy; (S.P.); (L.M.)
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21
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Lim TSE, Lim E, Tay WQ, Cruz DA, Wong SY. Triboelectric charging of 3‐in‐1 coffee mixes: Formulation and fouling. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eileen Lim
- Singapore Institute of Technology Singapore Singapore
| | - Wei Quan Tay
- Singapore Institute of Technology Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Shin Yee Wong
- Singapore Institute of Technology Singapore Singapore
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22
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Podunavac I, Radonic V, Bengin V, Jankovic N. Microwave Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton-Based Sensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Liquid Analyte Dielectric Constant. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21165477. [PMID: 34450919 PMCID: PMC8399253 DOI: 10.3390/s21165477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a microwave microfluidic sensor based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) was proposed for ultrasensitive detection of dielectric constant. A novel unit cell for the SSPP structure is proposed and its behaviour and sensing potential analysed in detail. Based on the proposed cell, the SSPP microwave structure with a microfluidic reservoir is designed as a multilayer configuration to serve as a sensing platform for liquid analytes. The sensor is realized using a combination of rapid, cost-effective technologies of xurography, laser micromachining, and cold lamination bonding, and its potential is validated in the experiments with edible oil samples. The results demonstrate high sensitivity (850 MHz/epsilon unit) and excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9802) of the sensor, which, together with its low-cost and simple fabrication, make the proposed sensor an excellent candidate for the detection of small changes in the dielectric constant of edible oils and other liquid analytes.
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23
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Sudhakar A, Chakraborty SK, Mahanti NK, Varghese C. Advanced techniques in edible oil authentication: A systematic review and critical analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:873-901. [PMID: 34347552 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1956424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Adulteration of edible substances is a potent contemporary food safety issue. Perhaps the overt concern derives from the fact that adulterants pose serious ill effects on human health. Edible oils are one of the most adulterated food products. Perpetrators are adopting ways and means that effectively masks the presence of the adulterants from human organoleptic limits and traditional oil adulteration detection techniques. This review embodies a detailed account of chemical, biosensors, chromatography, spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, non-thermal plasma, dielectric spectroscopy research carried out in the area of falsification assessment of edible oils for the past three decades and a collection of patented oil adulteration detection techniques. The detection techniques reviewed have some advantages and certain limitations, chemical tests are simple; biosensors and nuclear magnetic resonance are rapid but have a low sensitivity; chromatography and spectroscopy are highly accurate with a deterring price tag; dielectric spectroscopy is rapid can be portable and has on-line compatibility; however, the results are susceptible to variation of electric current frequency and intrinsic factors (moisture, temperature, structural composition). This review paper can be useful for scientists or for knowledge seekers eager to be abreast with edible oil adulteration detection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sudhakar
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, India
| | - Subir Kumar Chakraborty
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, India
| | - Naveen Kumar Mahanti
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, India
| | - Cinu Varghese
- Rural Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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24
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Peñaloza-Delgado R, Olvera-Cervantes JL, Sosa-Morales ME, Kataria TK, Corona-Chávez A. Dielectric characterization of vegetable oils during a heating cycle. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 58:1480-1487. [PMID: 33746276 PMCID: PMC7925723 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04660-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of the dielectric properties of oils is of great importance for several industrial applications, such as microwave-assisted oil frying for foods and high voltage electric power transmission. In this paper, we present the complex permittivity of vegetable oils (canola, olive, soybean, coconut) at 2.50 GHz using the cavity perturbation technique from 28 to 200 °C (temperature close to the smoking point of oils). The measurements were taken with a cylindrical cavity operating at the TE111 mode with an unloaded Q of 4950. In addition, free fatty acids, peroxide index and color were measured before and after heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Peñaloza-Delgado
- Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica Y Electrónica, Tonanzintla, Puebla, México
| | - José Luis Olvera-Cervantes
- Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica Y Electrónica, Tonanzintla, Puebla, México
| | | | | | - Alonso Corona-Chávez
- Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica Y Electrónica, Tonanzintla, Puebla, México
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25
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Soltani Firouz M, Rashvand M, Omid M. Rapid identification and quantification of sesame oils adulteration using low frequency dielectric spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Chen Y, He J, Li F, Tang J, Jiao Y. Model food development for tuna (Thunnus Obesus) in radio frequency and microwave tempering using grass carp mince. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Tu R, Sprague E, Sodano HA. Precipitation-Printed High-β Phase Poly(vinylidene fluoride) for Energy Harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:58072-58081. [PMID: 33320534 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) possesses outstanding piezoelectric properties, which allows it to be utilized as a functional material. Being a semicrystalline polymer, enhancing the piezoelectric properties of PVDF through the promotion of the polar β phase is a key research focus. In this research, precipitation printing is demonstrated as a scalable and tailorable approach to additively manufacture complex and bulk 3D piezoelectric energy harvesters with high-β phase PVDF. The β-phase fraction of PVDF is improved to 60% through precipitation printing, yielding more than 200% improvement relative to solvent-cast PVDF films. Once the precipitation-printed PVDF is hot-pressed to reduce internal porosity, a significant ferroelectric response with a coercive field of 98 MV m-1 and a maximum remnant polarization of 3.2 μC cm-2 is observed. Moreover, the piezoelectric d33 and d31 coefficients of printed then hot-pressed PVDF are measured to be -6.42 and 1.95 pC N-1, respectively. For energy-harvesting applications, a stretching d31-mode energy harvester is demonstrated to produce a power density of up to 717 μW cm-3, while a printed full-scale heel insole with embedded d33-mode energy harvesting is capable of successfully storing 32.2 μJ into a capacitor when used for 3 min. Therefore, precipitation printing provides a new method for producing high-β phase PVDF and bulk piezoelectric energy harvesters with the advantages of achieving geometry complexity, fabrication simplicity, and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruowen Tu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ethan Sprague
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Henry A Sodano
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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28
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Lin YS, Tsang S, Bensalem S, Tsai CC, Chen SJ, Sun CL, Lopes F, Le Pioufle B, Wang HY. Electrorotation of single microalgae cells during lipid accumulation for assessing cellular dielectric properties and total lipid contents. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 173:112772. [PMID: 33232922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic microalgae not only perform fixation of carbon dioxide but also produce valuable byproducts such as lipids and pigments. However, due to the lack of effective tools for rapid and noninvasive analysis of microalgal cellular contents, the efficiency of strain screening and culture optimizing is usually quite low. This study applied single-cell electrorotation on Scenedesmus abundans to assess cellular dielectric properties during lipid accumulation and to promptly quantify total cellular contents. The experimental electrorotation spectra were fitted with the double-shell ellipsoidal model, which considered varying cell wall thickness, to obtain the dielectric properties of cellular compartments. When the amount of total lipids increased from 15.3 wt% to 33.8 wt%, the conductivity and relative permittivity of the inner core (composed of the cytoplasm, lipid droplets, and nucleus) decreased by 21.7% and 22.5%, respectively. These dielectric properties were further used to estimate the total cellular lipid contents by the general mixing formula, and the estimated values agreed with those obtained by weighing dry biomass and extracted lipids with an error as low as 0.22 wt%. Additionally, the conductivity and relative permittivity of cell wall increased during nitrogen-starvation conditions, indicating the thickening of cell wall, which was validated by the transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Alembert, SATIE, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Sung Tsang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sakina Bensalem
- ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Alembert, SATIE, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France; CentraleSupélec, LGPM, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Ching-Chu Tsai
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jiuun Chen
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Li Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Filipa Lopes
- CentraleSupélec, LGPM, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Bruno Le Pioufle
- ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Alembert, LUMIN, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Hsiang-Yu Wang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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29
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Mulla M, Ahmed J, Alagarsamy S, K Habeebullah SF. Utilization of novel and rapid techniques for characterization of neem Azadirachta indica seed oil and palm oil blends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2020-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe authentication of neem oil and its blending with inexpensive vegetable oil, such as, palm oil is a common practice in the neem oil industry. This study was conducted to investigate the neem kernel (Azadirachta indica) oil (NKO) by blending with palm oil and characterize it by studying its effect on the physicochemical properties, dielectric properties and fatty acid profiles of the blend. Blending significantly influenced the color, dielectric, structural and antimicrobial properties of the virgin oil. The NKO was rich in oleic (44.97%), stearic (21.27%), palmitic (16.88%) and linoleic acids (14.08%). The addition of palm oil into NKO significantly influenced the fatty acids profile , which was further confirmed by the FTIR spectra and the dielectric data. Overall, determination of moisture content, palmitic and stearic acid content, color parameter "a" and dielectric measurements were found to be fastest and precise way to detect the NKO and PO blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrajfatema Mulla
- Food and Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Jasim Ahmed
- Food and Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Surendraraj Alagarsamy
- Food and Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Sabeena Farvin K Habeebullah
- Food and Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
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30
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Li X, Wu G, Wu Y, Karrar E, Huang J, Jin Q, Zhang H, Wang X. Effectiveness of the rapid test of polar compounds in frying oils as a function of environmental and compositional variables under restaurant conditions. Food Chem 2020; 312:126041. [PMID: 31901829 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Effect of fried food, oil type, moisture, fatty acid and molecular distribution on the effectiveness of rapid test of Total Polar Compounds (TPC) in frying oil based on dielectric constant was explored. Effects of all factors were compared and found to be significant (P < 0.05). Throughout the life cycle of frying oil, its rapid results were correlated well with those of conventional chromatography (Y = 0.7625X + 3.681, R2 = 0.8734). But the discrepancy was found within selected TPC ranges of 0%-10% and 20%-30%. According to the definition of TPC, three potential reasons for the high TPC values of fresh oils were discussed. For the deteriorated oils, the triglyceride dimers, mono-unsaturated and di-unsaturated fatty acids were found to be the main compositional factors by stepwise multivariate regression analysis. Pieces of advice about the operation guideline, internal control indices, calibration, reference oil, sensor, and detection range were proposed for instrument users and producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Gangcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Emad Karrar
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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31
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de Lichtervelde ACL, de Souza JP, Bazant MZ. Heat of nervous conduction: A thermodynamic framework. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:022406. [PMID: 32168602 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.022406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Early recordings of nervous conduction revealed a notable thermal signature associated with the electrical signal. The observed production and subsequent absorption of heat arise from physicochemical processes that occur at the cell membrane level during the conduction of the action potential. In particular, the reversible release of electrostatic energy stored as a difference of potential across the cell membrane appears as a simple yet consistent explanation for the heat production, as proposed in the "Condenser Theory." However, the Condenser Theory has not been analyzed beyond the analogy between the cell membrane and a parallel-plate capacitor, i.e., a condenser, and cannot account for the magnitude of the heat signature. In this work, we use a detailed electrostatic model of the cell membrane to revisit the Condenser Theory. We derive expressions for free energy and entropy changes associated with the depolarization of the membrane by the action potential, which give a direct measure of the heat produced and absorbed by neurons. We show how the density of surface charges on both sides of the membrane impacts the energy changes. Finally, considering a typical action potential, we show that if the membrane holds a bias of surface charges, such that the internal side of the membrane is 0.05Cm^{-2} more negative than the external side, the size of the heat predicted by the model reaches the range of experimental values. Based on our study, we identify the release of electrostatic energy by the membrane as the primary mechanism of heat production and absorption by neurons during nervous conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymar C L de Lichtervelde
- Department of Physical Chemistry & Soft Matter, Wageningen University, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - J Pedro de Souza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Martin Z Bazant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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32
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Yu D, Wang X, Li D, Zhang X, Yu C, Pei X, Cheng J, Wang L. A Novel Cinnamic Acid‐Based Organogel: Effect of Oil Type on Physical Characteristics and Crystallization Kinetics. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dianyu Yu
- School of Food Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin Heilongjiang 150030 China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Food Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin Heilongjiang 150030 China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Food Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin Heilongjiang 150030 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Food Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin Heilongjiang 150030 China
| | - Changhua Yu
- School of Food Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin Heilongjiang 150030 China
| | - Xingwu Pei
- School of Food Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin Heilongjiang 150030 China
| | - Jinju Cheng
- School of Food Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin Heilongjiang 150030 China
| | - Liqi Wang
- School of Computer and Information Engineering Harbin University of Commerce Harbin Heilongjiang 150028 China
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33
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Decroix C, Chalamet Y, Sudre G, Caroll V. Thermo-mechanical properties and blend behaviour of cellulose acetate/lactates and acid systems: Natural-based plasticizers. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116072. [PMID: 32241410 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This work brings together thermo-mechanical and structural information for plasticized cellulose acetate (CA) by lactates and octanoic acid. CA are processed with plasticizer due to their high Tg and their strong H-bonding network. We prepared CA / plasticizer blends by corotative twin screw extruder and by solvent casting methods. The study of the different relaxations and of the glassy zone modulus was performed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The miscibility range of cellulose acetate blends were identified by the analysis of the tan δ. Depending on the composition of the system, one or two transitions are noted, this last result indicates the presence of a phase rich in CA and another in plasticizer. To connect this information to crystallinity and molecular organization, X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out. The disappearance of crystallinity allows the plasticization of previously inaccessible zones, causing a glassy modulus drop of more than 1000 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Decroix
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, IMP, UMR 5223, F-42023, Saint-Etienne, France; Solvay in Axel'One, 87 avenue des Frères Perret CS 70061, F-69192, Saint-Fons, France.
| | - Yvan Chalamet
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, IMP, UMR 5223, F-42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Guillaume Sudre
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IMP, UMR 5223, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Vergelati Caroll
- Solvay in Axel'One, 87 avenue des Frères Perret CS 70061, F-69192, Saint-Fons, France.
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Marbello OD, Valbuena S, Racedo FJ. Study of the nonlinear optical response and thermal stability of edible oils using the Z-scan technique. Talanta 2020; 206:120226. [PMID: 31514852 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds and vegetable origin oils are subject to scratiny in the photonics and nonlinear optics area, due to their high non-linear response: a characteristic linked to the molecular nature of these compounds and their own chemical bond. In the food industry, quick and non-invasive studies are needed to evaluate the nutritional quality of edible products. The nonlinear optical response of 4 vegetable oils was analyzed: extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), extra virgin sesame oil (EVSO), extra refined linseed oil (ERLO) and virgin avocado oil (VAVO), using the Z-scan technique. Where the third order electric susceptibility value (χ3), refractive index (η2) and characteristic non-linear absorption coefficient (β) were determined for each compound. Parameters that were found by measuring the transmittance as a function of the excitation power using a Nd: YAG laser of 532 nm operating in CW mode. In addition, the η2 response was compared according to the oil type, it was determined that EVOO presents a greater non-linear response at low excitation potencies. Therefore, an additional study was performed on samples exposed to thermal stress to evaluate oxidative stability, again using the Z-scan technique n order to review the relationship between nonlinear optical properties with chemical changes resulting from heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D Marbello
- Grupo De Espectroscopía Óptica de Emisión y Láser (GEOEL), Universidad del Atlántico,Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - S Valbuena
- Programa de licenciatura en matemáticas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - F J Racedo
- Grupo De Espectroscopía Óptica de Emisión y Láser (GEOEL), Universidad del Atlántico,Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Colombia.
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35
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Ahmed J, Thomas L, Mulla M. Dielectric and microstructural properties of high-pressure treated hummus in the selected packaging materials. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Measurement System for Lossy Capacitive Sensors: Application to Edible Oils Quality Assessment. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19194299. [PMID: 31590210 PMCID: PMC6806179 DOI: 10.3390/s19194299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper aimed to develop a portable, low-cost, and easy-to-use measurement system for oil quality degradation assessment. The main two chemical parameters affected by frying are the total polar compounds (TPC) and free fatty acids. The system should characterize the change of chemical parameters by measuring the changes in its dielectric parameters. The dielectric parameters, relative permittivity, and conductivity are measured by measuring the capacitance and resistance of a capacitive sensor dipped in oil. The main challenges are that the corresponding changes of the capacitance and resistance are very small and the presence of stray effects. For this reason, the measurement system should be able to detect changes in capacitance and resistance with high resolution and with good immunity to stray effects. The proposed measurement system is based on the conversion of impedance to voltage and time and combining, therefore, having two measurement methods in one circuit. In this way, it is possible to measure the dielectric and resistive parameters and not only the relative permittivity as was done in previous works. The results showed a strong correlation between the chemical and electrical parameters with a coefficient of determination in the range of 0.9.
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37
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New Method for the Discrimination of Adulterated Flaxseed Oil Using Dielectric Spectroscopy. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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38
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Scharfe M, Ahmane Y, Seilert J, Keim J, Flöter E. On the Effect of Minor Oil Components on β‐Sitosterol/γ‐oryzanol Oleogels. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scharfe
- Department of Food ProcessingTechnical University Berlin2 Maria Scharfe, Seestrasse 1313353 BerlinGermany
| | - Yassin Ahmane
- Department of Food ProcessingTechnical University Berlin2 Maria Scharfe, Seestrasse 1313353 BerlinGermany
| | - Julia Seilert
- Department of Food ProcessingTechnical University Berlin2 Maria Scharfe, Seestrasse 1313353 BerlinGermany
| | - Jonathan Keim
- Department of Food ProcessingTechnical University Berlin2 Maria Scharfe, Seestrasse 1313353 BerlinGermany
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food ProcessingTechnical University Berlin2 Maria Scharfe, Seestrasse 1313353 BerlinGermany
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39
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Measurement of ligand coverage on cadmium selenide nanocrystals and its influence on dielectric dependent photoluminescence intermittency. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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40
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Structural and Dielectric Properties of Groundnut Oil, Mustard Oil and ZnO Nanofluid. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-018-0631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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41
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Desmond DS, Neusitzer TD, Firoozy N, Isleifson D, Lemes M, Barber DG, Stern GA. Examining the physical processes of corn oil (medium crude oil surrogate) in sea ice and its resultant effect on complex permittivity and normalized radar cross-section. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 142:484-493. [PMID: 31232328 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to the effects of heightened warming in the Arctic, there has been an urgency to develop methods for detecting oil in (or under) sea ice, owing to increasing potential for oil exploration and ship traffic in the more accessible Arctic regions. To test the potential for radar utilizing the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) of the sea ice, an oil-in-ice mesocosm experiment was performed. Throughout the experiment, corn oil was used as a surrogate for medium crude oil, to assess oil movement tendencies in sea ice, and the resultant impact on the complex permittivity through measurement and modelling techniques. We performed a modelling study to establish the effects of corn oil on the NRCS of sea ice. The oil presence in the sea ice increased the temperature and reduced the salinity of the sea ice, thereby lowering its complex permittivity and modeled NRCS when compared to control sea ice.
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42
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Barge P, Biglia A, Comba L, Gay P, Ricauda Aimonino D, Tortia C. The influence of food composition and tag orientation on UHF RF IDentification. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rubalya Valantina S, Uma S, Jeya Prakash BG, Phebee Angeline DR, Alfred Maxwell A, Aravindhan R. Modelling, characterization and quality analysis of heated oil using electric moment and chemical properties. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 56:571-579. [PMID: 30906014 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of temperature (30-90 °C) on the electrical parameter: dielectric constant (εr) of Sunflower, Olive and Corn oil exposed to three cycles of heating to frying temperature (175 ± 5 °C) was studied to exhibit the quality analysis of oil. Dielectric constant of heated oil was measured using designed inter-digitated electrode capacitor at different frequency (10 kHz-5 MHz) and temperature (30-90 °C). Dielectric constant (εr) of oil samples increases with cycles of heating. Variation of dielectric constant with frequency was premeditated using quadratic equation and the dependency factor was observed to be R2 > 0.914. Chemical kinetic dielectric constant with temperature was studied using Arrhenius law and observed that activation energy increases with cycles of heating. Andrade's equation was also fitted with the variation of εr with temperature and the dependency factor (R2 between 0.978 to 0.999) was observed to be highly correlated. Experiential physical properties like density, refractive index and εr were significantly correlated with the pragmatic peroxide value. The observed relation between εr with chemical property divulges the suitability of measured dielectric constant in real time and continuous evaluation of edible oil quality analysis in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rubalya Valantina
- 1Department of Physics, SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401 India
| | - S Uma
- 2Department of EIE, SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401 India
| | - B G Jeya Prakash
- 3Department of ECE, SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401 India
| | - D R Phebee Angeline
- 4Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502 285 India
| | - A Alfred Maxwell
- 2Department of EIE, SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401 India
| | - R Aravindhan
- 2Department of EIE, SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401 India
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Ibrahim NUA, Abd Aziz S, Hashim N, Jamaludin D, Khaled AY. Dielectric Spectroscopy of Palm Olein During Batch Deep Frying and Their Relation with Degradation Parameters. J Food Sci 2019; 84:792-797. [PMID: 30861127 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Total polar compounds (TPC) and free fatty acids (FFA) are important indicators in evaluating the quality of frying oil. Conventional methods to determine TPC and FFA are often time consuming, involved laboratory analyses which required skilled personnel and used substantial amount of harmful solvent. In this study, dielectric spectroscopy technique was used to investigate the relation between dielectric property of refined, bleached and deodorized palm olein (RBDPO) during deep frying with TPC and FFA. In total, 150 batches of French fries were intermittently fried at 185 ± 5 °C for 7 hr a day over 5 consecutive days. A total of 30 frying oil samples were collected. The dielectric property of frying oil samples were measured using impedance analyzer with frequencies ranging from 100 Hz to 10 MHz. The TPC of frying oil samples were measured with a Testo 270, while the FFA analysis was done using Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) test method. Results showed that dielectric constant, TPC and FFA of RBDPO increased as the frying time increased. Dielectric constant increased from 3.09 to 3.17, while TPC and FFA increased from 9.96 to 19.52 and from 0.08% to 0.36%, respectively. Partial least square (PLS) analysis produced good prediction of TPC and FFA with the application of genetic algorithm (GA). Model developed for prediction of TPC and FFA yielded highly significant correlation with R2 of 0.91 and 0.95, respectively and both had root mean square error in cross-validation (RMSECV) of 1.06%. This study demonstrates the potential of dielectric spectroscopy in monitoring palm olein degradation during frying. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The application of dielectric spectroscopy to detect degradation of palm olein during frying was studied. The dielectric property of palm olein during frying has successfully correlated with TPC and FFA. The model developed in this study could be used for the development of a sensing system for palm olein degradation monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Ul Atikah Ibrahim
- Smart Farming Technology Center, Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Univ. Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Samsuzana Abd Aziz
- Smart Farming Technology Center, Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Univ. Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Norhashila Hashim
- Smart Farming Technology Center, Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Univ. Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Diyana Jamaludin
- Smart Farming Technology Center, Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Univ. Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Alfadhl Yahya Khaled
- Smart Farming Technology Center, Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Univ. Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Malaysia
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45
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Ravulapalli S, Kunta R, Ramamoorty M. Preparation, characterization and feasibility analysis of methyl ester of Sesbania seeds oil (MESSO) as alternate liquid dielectrics in distribution transformers. RSC Adv 2019; 9:3311-3319. [PMID: 35518974 PMCID: PMC9059980 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08378a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The methyl ester of Sesbania seed oil (MESSO) was prepared using the transesterification method. The conditions for obtaining the maximum yield of the ester were optimized. The yield was 93.3% (v/v) at reaction time of 24 h, catalyst concentration of 4.5 wt% and methanol to oil volume ratio of 6 : 1. MESSO was characterized by adopting TG-DTA and FT-IR methods. The physical, chemical and electrical properties were measured as per International Standards for assessing its suitability as an insulating liquid in transformers. The kinematic viscosity of the ester is 0.98 × 10-11 mm2 S-1, which is far less than the viscosity of the raw oil. The low acid/neutralization value (0.001 mg of KOH per g) for MESSO offers high oxidation stability. The high flash point (260 °C) and fire point (345 °C) values of MESSO provide operational safety to the transformers when they are filled with the developed insulating fluid. The saturated fatty acid content in MESSO provides a high thermal and oxidation stability for the transformers. The high dielectric constant values for MESSO in comparison to the mineral oil are attributed to the polar groups present in the ester. These results confirm that MESSO can be developed as an alternative to mineral oils for insulation and cooling in transformers. MESSO has merits of low cost, bio-degradability, ecofriendliness and preparation from renewable sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujitha Ravulapalli
- Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation Green Fields, Vaddeswaram - 522 502, Guntur District Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Ravindhranath Kunta
- Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation Green Fields, Vaddeswaram - 522 502, Guntur District Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Mylavarapu Ramamoorty
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation Green Fields, Vaddeswaram - 522 502, Guntur District Andhra Pradesh India
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46
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Lin PW, Liu CH. Bio-Inspired Soft Proboscis Actuator Driven by Dielectric Elastomer Fluid Transducers. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E142. [PMID: 30960125 PMCID: PMC6401884 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) have attracted lots of attention for providing multiple degree-of-freedom motions, such as axial extensions, torsion, bending, and their combinations. The wide applications include soft robots, artificial muscles, and biomimetic animals. In general, DEAs are composed of stretchable elastomers sandwiched by two compliant electrodes and actuated by applying external electric stimuli. Since most DEAs are limited by the breakdown thresholds and low strain-to-volume ratios, dielectric fluid transducers (DFTs) have been developed by substituting dielectric elastomers with dielectric fluids for high breakdown threshold voltages. In addition, DFTs have large rate of lateral extensions, due to their fluid contents, and are beneficial for soft actuators and pumping applications. In this research, we exploited DFTs to develop a soft spiral proboscis actuator inspired by the proboscises of butterflies for achieving uncoiling and coiling motions under external voltages. The bio-inspired spiral proboscis actuator (BSPA) was composed of a coil-shaped tube, a DFT-based pouch, and a spiral spring for mimicking the tubular part, a mechanism to uncoil the tube, and a mechanism to coil the tube, respectively. When applying external voltages to the pouch, the high dielectric fluid was injected into the empty coiled tube for uncoiling where the tube elongated from a compact volume to a stiff and flexible shape. When removing the exciting voltages, the tube retracted to its original coiled shape via the elastic spring. A prototype was designed, fabricated, and examined with high stimulating voltages. It was demonstrated that the proboscis actuator could achieve uncoiling and coiling motions consistently for several cycles. Compared to convection DEA-based pumps with fixed shapes, the proposed actuator is soft and beneficial for portable applications and coiling/uncoiling motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wen Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Hao Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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47
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Zhu Z, Zhu X, Kong F, Guo W. A rapid method on identifying disqualified raw goat's milk based on total bacterial count by using dielectric spectra. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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48
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Russel M, Sophocleous M, JiaJia S, Xu W, Xiao L, Maskow T, Alam M, Georgiou J. High-frequency, dielectric spectroscopy for the detection of electrophysiological/biophysical differences in different bacteria types and concentrations. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1028:86-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Mulla M, Ahmed J, Al-Sharrah T. Effect of hot oven and microwave roasting on garden cress (Lepidium sativum
) seed flour quality and fatty acid composition, thermal and dielectric properties of extracted oil. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrajfatema Mulla
- Food and Nutrition Program; Environment and Life Sciences Research Center; Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research; P.O. Box 24885 Safat 13109 Kuwait
| | - Jasim Ahmed
- Food and Nutrition Program; Environment and Life Sciences Research Center; Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research; P.O. Box 24885 Safat 13109 Kuwait
| | - Tahani Al-Sharrah
- Food and Nutrition Program; Environment and Life Sciences Research Center; Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research; P.O. Box 24885 Safat 13109 Kuwait
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50
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Sansano M, De los Reyes R, Andrés A, Heredia A. Effect of Microwave Frying on Acrylamide Generation, Mass Transfer, Color, and Texture in French Fries. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-018-2144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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