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Han Y, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Guo X, Jiao T. Electrically enhanced adsorption efficiency of aluminum nitride nanotube for sulfate ion removal from water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170199. [PMID: 38266729 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the adsorption performance of sulfate ion in water on aluminum nitride nanotube(AlNNT) under the influence of an electric field was investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) calculation method. The model structure stability, adsorption energy, electronic and thermodynamic properties of sulfate ion adsorbed on the surface of AlNNT were studied. The calculation results indicate that sulfate ion reacts with multi-atoms on the surface of AlNNT, forming ionic bonds and undergoing chemical adsorption. As the electric field intensity increases, the adsorption energy and the transfer of electrons from sulfate ion to AlNNT increase, leading to a higher degree of hybridization of atomic orbitals and enhanced multi-atom interactions. Additionally, the thermodynamic data suggests that the adsorption between sulfate ion and AlNNT under electric field can occur spontaneously, the process of which is exothermic. The results of present study are expected to propose a novel method for separation and removal of sulfate pollutants from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, PR China; School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, PR China.
| | - Ziyang Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, PR China
| | - Qingrui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Guo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, PR China
| | - Tifeng Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, PR China.
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2
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Solgi M, Mohamed MH, Udoetok IA, Steiger BGK, Wilson LD. Evaluation of a granular Cu-modified chitosan biocomposite for sustainable sulfate removal from aqueous media: A batch and fixed-bed column study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129275. [PMID: 38242408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Adsorption-based treatment of sulfate contaminated water sources present challenges due to its favourable hydration characteristics. Herein, a copper-modified granular chitosan-based biocomposite (CHP-Cu) was prepared and characterized for its sulfate adsorption properties at neutral pH via batch equilibrium and fixed-bed column studies. The CHP-Cu adsorbent was characterized by complementary methods: spectroscopy (IR, Raman, X-ray photoelectron), thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) and pH-based surface charge analysis. Sulfate adsorption at pH 7.2 with CHP-Cu follows the Sips isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity (407 mg/g) that exceeds most reported values of granular biosorbents at similar conditions. For the dynamic adsorption study, initial sulfate concentration, bed height, and flow rate were influential parameters governing sulfate adsorption. The Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models yield a sulfate adsorption capacity (146 mg/g) for the fixed bed system at optimized conditions. CHP-Cu was regenerated over 5 cycles (33 % to 31 %) with negligible Cu-leaching. The adsorbent also displays excellent sulfate uptake properties, regenerability, and sustainable adsorbent properties for effective point-of-use sulfate remediation in aqueous media near neutral pH (7.2). This sulfate remediation strategy is proposed for other oxyanion systems relevant to contaminated environmental surface and groundwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Solgi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Mohamed H Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Inimfon A Udoetok
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Bernd G K Steiger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Lee D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.
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Xu J, Li M, Zhao D, Zhong G, Sun Y, Hu X, Sun J, Li X, Zhu W, Li M, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Zheng C, Sun X. Research and Application Progress of Geopolymers in Adsorption: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3002. [PMID: 36080037 PMCID: PMC9457617 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Geopolymer is a porous inorganic material with a three-dimensional mesh structure, good mechanical properties, a simple preparation process (no sintering) and a low economic cost, and it is environmentally friendly. Geopolymer concrete has been widely used in the construction field, and many other studies have revealed that geopolymer will become one of the most promising inorganic materials with unique structure and properties. This paper provides a review of the development and current status of geopolymers and briefly explains the effects of material proportioning, experimental factors and activators on geopolymer performance. Because of the advantages of high specific surface area and high porosity, geopolymers could be used as adsorbent materials. This paper summarizes the research progresses of the adsorption of metal cations, anions, dyes, and gases by geopolymers, which emphasizes the geopolymer membranes in adsorption, and discusses the challenges and opportunities for the development of more efficient, sustainable and practical adsorption protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Minjing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xudong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiefang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute, Tianjin 300131, China
| | - Wenju Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Ming Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Chunming Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Tian Q, Bai Y, Pan Y, Chen C, Yao S, Sasaki K, Zhang H. Application of Geopolymer in Stabilization/Solidification of Hazardous Pollutants: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:4570. [PMID: 35889449 PMCID: PMC9317415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Geopolymers, as a kind of inorganic polymer, possess excellent properties and have been broadly studied for the stabilization/solidification (S/S) of hazardous pollutants. Even though many reviews about geopolymers have been published, the summary of geopolymer-based S/S for various contaminants has not been well conducted. Therefore, the S/S of hazardous pollutants using geopolymers are comprehensively summarized in this review. Geopolymer-based S/S of typical cations, including Pb, Zn, Cd, Cs, Cu, Sr, Ni, etc., were involved and elucidated. The S/S mechanisms for cationic heavy metals were concluded, mainly including physical encapsulation, sorption, precipitation, and bonding with a silicate structure. In addition, compared to cationic ions, geopolymers have a poor immobilization ability on anions due to the repulsive effect between them, presenting a high leaching percentage. However, some anions, such as Se or As oxyanions, have been proved to exist in geopolymers through electrostatic interaction, which provides a direction to enhance the geopolymer-based S/S for anions. Besides, few reports about geopolymer-based S/S of organic pollutants have been published. Furthermore, the adsorbents of geopolymer-based composites designed and studied for the removal of hazardous pollutants from aqueous conditions are also briefly discussed. On the whole, this review will offer insights into geopolymer-based S/S technology. Furthermore, the challenges to geopolymer-based S/S technology outlined in this work are expected to be of direct relevance to the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhi Tian
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (Q.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.P.); (C.C.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yingchu Bai
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (Q.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.P.); (C.C.); (S.Y.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yinhai Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (Q.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.P.); (C.C.); (S.Y.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Changshuai Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (Q.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.P.); (C.C.); (S.Y.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shuo Yao
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (Q.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.P.); (C.C.); (S.Y.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Haijun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
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Sulfate removal by barium-terephthalate MOF synthesized from recycled PET-waste using Doehlert design optimization. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Açışlı Ö, Acar İ, Khataee A. Preparation of a surface modified fly ash-based geopolymer for removal of an anionic dye: Parameters and adsorption mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133870. [PMID: 35131269 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Geopolymers have been recently studied as environmentally friendly and low-cost adsorbents especially for the removal of cationic species in wastewater treatment mainly because of their negative surface charge at spontaneous pH conditions. Although there are very few recent studies conducted with different geopolymer composites on anionic dyes, high cost, difficulty of the composite preparation and most importantly the necessity of very low pH values limit their usage. Hence, in this study, a simple and low-cost surface modification with CTAB was applied to a previously prepared fly ash-based geopolymer (GEO) for the removal of anionic Acid Blue 185 (AB185) without the need of strongly acidic conditions. Within this scope, the effects of CTAB dosage (1-5% by weight of GEO), adsorbent dosage (0.5-3.0 g L-1) and initial dye concentration (10-50 mg L-1) were studied as a function of retention time (5-300 min). For 40 min, the removal efficiency of AB185 substantially increased from 0.29 up to 79.36% for the respective GEO and its modified product with 4% CTAB (MGEO4). The efficiency increased with the adsorbent (MGEO4) dosage of up to 2.0 g L-1 at which 89.20% was obtained for 300 min. However, a little decrease was observed down to 81.10% for 3.0 g L-1. The efficiency values of 98.19 and 89.20% were obtained for the initial AB185 concentrations of 10 and 50 mg L-1, respectively. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model is highly correlated with the experimental results. The high adsorption capacity attained in a very short time suggests that the main mechanism is based on physical adsorption via the electrostatic attraction between MGEO4 and AB185. Overall results have indicated that the CTAB-modified fly ash-based geopolymer can be effectively used for the adsorption of AB185.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özkan Açışlı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - İlker Acar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Turkey; Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Material Science and Physical Chemistry of Materials, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation.
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7
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Microstructure Analysis and Effects of Single and Mixed Activators on Setting Time and Strength of Coal Gangue-Based Geopolymers. Gels 2022; 8:gels8030195. [PMID: 35323308 PMCID: PMC8955116 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Geopolymer is a green non-metallic material with high strength and favorable properties in resistance to corrosion, fire, and high temperature, which makes it a potential substitute for Portland cement. The existing studies have primarily focused on the preparation of geopolymers using silico-alumina materials such as fly ash, red mud, metakaolin, volcanic ash, and blast furnace slag to develop geopolymers. This study explores the potential of using ultrafine calcined coal gangue and ground granulated blast furnace slag to develop a new geopolymer with the activation of a single activator (sodium hydroxide) or mixed activator (sodium hydroxide, liquid sodium silicate, and desulfurization gypsum). The setting time and strength of the geopolymers were investigated, followed by the mineral, functional groups, microstructure, and elements analyses using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive spectrometer to elucidate the effect of different activators on geopolymers. The results showed that the optimum molarity of NaOH single activator was 2 mol/L, the initial setting time and final setting time were 37 min and 47 min, respectively, and the compressive and flexural strengths at 28 days were 23.2 MPa and 7.5 MPa. The optimal mixing ratio of the mixed activator was 6% desulfurization gypsum, 0.6 Na2SiO3 modulus, and 16% SS activator; the initial setting time and final setting time were 100 min and 325 min, respectively, and the compressive and flexural strengths at 28 days were 40.1 MPa and 7.8 MPa. The coal gangue geopolymers were mainly C–A–S–H, N–A-S-H, and C–N–A–S–H gels. The mixed activator tended to yield higher strengths than the single activator, the reason is that the hydration reaction was violent and produced more gels. Meanwhile, the relation between setting time and activator and the relation between strength and activator were also obtained, which provide theoretical support for predicting the setting time of coal gangue base polymer and the ratio of alkali activator for geopolymers with a certain strength.
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Luhar I, Luhar S, Abdullah MMAB, Razak RA, Vizureanu P, Sandu AV, Matasaru PD. A State-of-the-Art Review on Innovative Geopolymer Composites Designed for Water and Wastewater Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7456. [PMID: 34885611 PMCID: PMC8658912 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is nothing more fundamental than clean potable water for living beings next to air. On the other hand, wastewater management is cropping up as a challenging task day-by-day due to lots of new additions of novel pollutants as well as the development of infrastructures and regulations that could not maintain its pace with the burgeoning escalation of populace and urbanizations. Therefore, momentous approaches must be sought-after to reclaim fresh water from wastewaters in order to address this great societal challenge. One of the routes is to clean wastewater through treatment processes using diverse adsorbents. However, most of them are unsustainable and quite costly e.g. activated carbon adsorbents, etc. Quite recently, innovative, sustainable, durable, affordable, user and eco-benevolent Geopolymer composites have been brought into play to serve the purpose as a pretty novel subject matter since they can be manufactured by a simple process of Geopolymerization at low temperature, lower energy with mitigated carbon footprints and marvellously, exhibit outstanding properties of physical and chemical stability, ion-exchange, dielectric characteristics, etc., with a porous structure and of course lucrative too because of the incorporation of wastes with them, which is in harmony with the goal to transit from linear to circular economy, i.e., "one's waste is the treasure for another". For these reasons, nowadays, this ground-breaking inorganic class of amorphous alumina-silicate materials are drawing the attention of the world researchers for designing them as adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment where the chemical nature and structure of the materials have a great impact on their adsorption competence. The aim of the current most recent state-of-the-art and scientometric review is to comprehend and assess thoroughly the advancements in geo-synthesis, properties and applications of geopolymer composites designed for the elimination of hazardous contaminants viz., heavy metal ions, dyes, etc. The adsorption mechanisms and effects of various environmental conditions on adsorption efficiency are also taken into account for review of the importance of Geopolymers as most recent adsorbents to get rid of the death-defying and toxic pollutants from wastewater with a view to obtaining reclaimed potable and sparkling water for reuse offering to trim down the massive crisis of scarcity of water promoting sustainable water and wastewater treatment for greener environments. The appraisal is made on the performance estimation of Geopolymers for water and wastewater treatment along with the three-dimensional printed components are characterized for mechanical, physical and chemical attributes, permeability and Ammonium (NH4+) ion removal competence of Geopolymer composites as alternative adsorbents for sequestration of an assortment of contaminants during wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Luhar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Rajasthan 333001, India;
| | - Salmabanu Luhar
- Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia;
- Frederick Research Center, P.O. Box 24729, Nicosia 1303, Cyprus
- Department of Civil Engineering, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus
| | - Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
- Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia;
| | - Rafiza Abdul Razak
- Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia;
| | - Petrica Vizureanu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, D. Mangeron 41, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Victor Sandu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, D. Mangeron 41, 700050 Iasi, Romania
- Romanian Inventors Forum, St. P. Movila 3, 700089 Iasi, Romania
- National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection INCDPM, Splaiul Independentei 294, 060031 Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Petre-Daniel Matasaru
- Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Technical University “Gheorghe Asachi”, Carol I Bvd, nr. 11 A, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
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Mahamat Ahmat A, Mamindy-Pajany Y. Over-sulfated soils and sediments treatment: A brief discussion on performance disparities of biological and non-biological methods throughout the literature. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2021; 39:528-545. [PMID: 33461442 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x20982053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High sulfate concentrations in industrial effluents as well as solid materials (excavated soils, dredged sediments, etc.) are a major hindrance for circular economy outlooks. SO42- acceptability standards are indeed increasingly restrictive, given the potential outcomes for public health and ecosystems. This literature review deals with the treatment pathways relying on precipitation, adsorption and microbial redox principles. Although satisfactory removal performances can be achieved with each of them, significant yield differences are displayed throughout the bibliography. The challenge here was to identify the parameters leading to this variability and to assess their impact. The precipitation pathway is based on the formation of two main minerals (ettringite and barite). It can lead to total sulfate removal but can also be limited by aqueous wastes chemistry. Stabilizer kinetics of formation and equilibrium are highly constrained by background properties such as pH, Eh, SO42- saturation state and inhibiting metal occurrences. Regarding the adsorption route, sorbents' intrinsic features such as the qmax parameter govern removal yields. Concerning the microbial pathway, the chemical oxygen demand/SO42- ratio and the hydraulic retention time, which are classically evoked as yield variation factors, appear here to be weakly influential. The effect of these parameters seems to be overridden by the influence of electron donors, which constitute a first order factor of variability. A second order variability can be read according to the nature of these electron donors. Approaches using simple monomers (ethanol lactates, etc.) perform better than those using predominantly ligneous organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adoum Mahamat Ahmat
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE), IMT-Lille-Douai, France
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Alkali-Activated Adsorbents from Slags: Column Adsorption and Regeneration Study for Nickel(II) Removal. CHEMENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering5010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alkali-activated adsorbents were synthesized by mixing three different slags from the steel industry: blast furnace slag (BFS), ladle slag (LS), and Lintz–Donawitz converter slag (LD). These powdered slag-based geopolymers (GP) were used to remove nickel(II) from aqueous solutions in fixed-bed column studies. The experiments were conducted in pH 6 using a phosphate buffer with initial nickel(II) concentration of 50 mg/L. Samples were taken at time intervals of between 5 and 90 min. Three adsorption–desorption cycles were implemented with a flow rate of 5 mL/min. The geopolymers were characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), specific surface area measurements, and a leaching test. The data were found to describe the Thomas, Adams–Bohart, and Yoon–Nelson models well. For GP (BFS, LS), experimental adsorption capacity was 2.92 mg/g, and for GP (LD, BFS, LS), it was 1.34 mg/g. The results indicated that the produced adsorbents have the potential to be used as adsorbents for the removal of nickel(II).
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11
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Gogoi H, Leiviskä T, Rämö J, Tanskanen J. Acid mine drainage treatment with novel high-capacity bio-based anion exchanger. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128443. [PMID: 33022503 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aminated peat (termed PG-Peat) produced using polyethylenimine and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride was used for the removal of sulphate from real acid mine drainage (AMD) in batch and column mode sorption studies. In the batch tests, the highest sulphate removal capacity achieved was 125.7 mg/g. PG-Peat was efficient and rapid in sulphate removal from AMD even at low temperatures (2-5 °C), achieving equilibrium within a contact time of 30 min. The PG-Peat column treating real AMD showed even higher sulphate uptake capacity (154.2 mg SO42-/g) than the batch sorption studies. The regenerative and practical applicability of PG-Peat was also tested in column set-ups using synthetic sulphate solutions (at pH 5.8 and pH 2.0). The sulphate uptake capacity obtained was higher in column mode when the solutions were treated at acidic pH (2.0) compared to pH 5.8. This could be attributed to the presence of cationized amine groups on PG-Peat under acidic pH conditions. Almost complete sulphate desorption was achieved with NaCl in the column that treated synthetic sulphate solution at pH 5.8, while the lowest desorption rates were observed in the column that treated acidic synthetic sulphate solution (pH 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Gogoi
- Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tiina Leiviskä
- Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Rämö
- Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tanskanen
- Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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12
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Process optimization and adsorption modeling using hierarchical ZIF-8 modified with Lanthanum and Copper for sulfate uptake from aqueous solution: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic studies. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-01878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Sadeghalvad B, Khorshidi N, Azadmehr A, Sillanpää M. Sorption, mechanism, and behavior of sulfate on various adsorbents: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128064. [PMID: 33297069 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate decontamination has drawn widespread attention due to its harmful effects by broad human and animal exposure in recent decades. Adsorption is one of the most promising methods for sulfate decontamination. This review categorized various sulfate adsorbents, discussed the adsorption behavior, and introduced effective adsorbents in detail in terms of their preparation, characterization, and affecting factors on adsorption efficiency. Moreover, adsorption mechanisms of sulfate on different adsorbents are reviewed based on the intermolecular interaction, equilibrium, thermodynamic, and kinetic studies. Among natural bioadsorbents, synthesized-organic, and synthesized-inorganic adsorbents chitin-based shrimp shells (156 mg/g), bagasse pith cellulose-based (526.32 mg/g), and ZrO(OH)2/Y-Zeolite (284.22 mg/g) showed the significant capacity for sulfate uptake from aqueous solution, respectively. Although natural adsorbents have been proved to be inexpensive and efficient, they are not as popular as synthesized adsorbents for sulfate decontamination in recent years due to their low recoverability and reusability. The adsorption mechanism of sulfate to various adsorbents is generally attributed to electrostatic interactions, covalent or ionic bonding, and hydrogen bonding. Based on equilibrium studies, sulfate adsorption processes were done mainly homogeneously for most of the adsorbents; however, there are some exceptions of the heterogeneous adsorption process of sulfate, which is done mostly for adsorbents that remove sulfate through hydrogen and covalent bonding. The kinetic studies illustrated that both film diffusion and pore-diffusion could control sulfate uptake by the various adsorbents. The thermodynamic studies showed that the sulfate adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous except for the sulfate removal by polypyrrole-modified activated-carbons and LDH-HPI mine waste, which requires energy for adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Sadeghalvad
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Niyayesh Khorshidi
- Department of Mining & Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirreza Azadmehr
- Department of Mining & Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 424 Hafez Avenue, 1875-4413, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, QLD, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
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14
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Reappraisal review on geopolymer: A new era of aluminosilicate binder for metal immobilization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Advanced and Intensified Seawater Flue Gas Desulfurization Processes: Recent Developments and Improvements. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13225917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Seawater flue gas desulfurization (SWFGD) is considered to be a viable solution for coastal and naval applications; however, this process has several drawbacks, including its corrosive absorbent; low vapor loading capacity since the solubility of sulfur oxides (SOx) in seawater is lower than that of limestone used in conventional methods; high seawater flowrate; and large equipment size. This has prompted process industries to search for possible advanced and intensified configurations to enhance the performance of SWFGD processes to attain a higher vapor loading capacity, lower seawater flowrate, and smaller equipment size. This paper presents an overview of new developments as well as advanced and intensified configurations of SWFGD processes via process modifications such as modification and optimization of operating conditions, improvement of spray and vapor distributors, adding internal columns, using square or rectangular shape, using a pre-scrubber, multiple scrubber feed; process integration such as combined treatment of SOx and other gases, and waste heat recovery; and process intensification such as the use of electrified sprays, swirling gas flow, and rotating packed beds. A summary of the industrial applications, engineering issues, environmental impacts, challenges, and perspectives on the research and development of advanced and intensified SWFGD processes is presented.
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16
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Hassan MM, Mohamed MH, Udoetok IA, Steiger BGK, Wilson LD. Sequestration of Sulfate Anions from Groundwater by Biopolymer-Metal Composite Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1502. [PMID: 32640585 PMCID: PMC7408214 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Binary (Chitosan-Cu(II), CCu) and Ternary (Chitosan-Alginate-Cu(II), CACu) composite materials were synthesized at variable composition: CCu (1:1), CACu1 (1:1:1), CACu2 (1:2:1) and CACu3 (2:1:1). Characterization was carried out via spectroscopic (FTIR, solids C-13 NMR, XPS and Raman), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and TGA), XRD, point of zero charge and solvent swelling techniques. The materials' characterization confirmed the successful preparation of the polymer-based composites, along with their variable physico-chemical and adsorption properties. Sulfate anion (sodium sulfate) adsorption from aqueous solution was demonstrated using C and CACu1 at pH 6.8 and 295 K, where the monolayer adsorption capacity (Qm) values were 288.1 and 371.4 mg/g, respectively, where the Sips isotherm model provided the "best-fit" for the adsorption data. Single-point sorption study on three types of groundwater samples (wells 1, 2 and 3) with variable sulfate concentration and matrix composition in the presence of composite materials reveal that CACu3 exhibited greater uptake of sulfate (Qe = 81.5 mg/g; 11.5% removal) from Well-1 and CACu2 showed the lowest sulfate uptake (Qe of 15.7 mg/g; 0.865% removal) from Well-3. Generally, for all groundwater samples, the binary composite material (CCu) exhibited attenuated sorption and removal efficiency relative to the ternary composite materials (CACu).
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mehadi Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada; (M.M.H.); (M.H.M.); (I.A.U.); (B.G.K.S.)
- Department of Arts and Sciences, Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology, Saidpur 5311, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed H. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada; (M.M.H.); (M.H.M.); (I.A.U.); (B.G.K.S.)
| | - Inimfon A. Udoetok
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada; (M.M.H.); (M.H.M.); (I.A.U.); (B.G.K.S.)
| | - Bernd G. K. Steiger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada; (M.M.H.); (M.H.M.); (I.A.U.); (B.G.K.S.)
| | - Lee D. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada; (M.M.H.); (M.H.M.); (I.A.U.); (B.G.K.S.)
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17
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Ao H, Cao W, Hong Y, Wu J, Wei L. Adsorption of sulfate ion from water by zirconium oxide-modified biochar derived from pomelo peel. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:135092. [PMID: 31806309 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zirconium oxide-modified pomelo peel biochar (ZrBC) was synthesized for the adsorption of sulfate ion from aqueous solution. Zirconyl chloride octahydrate (ZCO) was used to modify pomelo peel biochar into ZrBC. The optimal dose of ZCO for modification is 0.5 mol/L, at which ZrBC shows the highest adsorption of sulfate ion. The adsorbents were characterized by the field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and surface area measurement. The results confirm that the presence of zirconium oxides and hydroxide groups on the ZrBC surface, and ZrBC has a porous structure and a higher specific surface area in comparison with pomelo peel biochar. ZrBC shows good affinity for sulfate ion with a maximum sulfate adsorption capacity of 35.21 mg/g, which is much higher than that of pomelo peel biochar (1.02 mg/g). The adsorption of sulfate on ZrBC is pH dependent, and acidic conditions favor the adsorption. The adsorption can reach near-equilibrium in approximately 120 min. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm follow the pseudo second-order equation and Langmuir adsorption model, respectively. Furthermore, nitrate and fluoride anions exhibit little influence on the adsorption of sulfate by ZrBC, whereas phosphate inhibits the adsorption under the same concentration conditions. ZrBC has the potential to be used for removal of sulfate from aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanting Ao
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Yixia Hong
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lin Wei
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
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18
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Ironmaking and Steelmaking Slags as Sustainable Adsorbents for Industrial Effluents and Wastewater Treatment: A Critical Review of Properties, Performance, Challenges and Opportunities. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12052118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper critically discusses the structure, properties and applications of ironmaking and steelmaking slags and their silicate-based variants as low-cost adsorbents for removing cations and anions from industrial effluents and wastewater. Undoubtedly, the performance of slag-based adsorbents depends on their physical, chemical and phase chemical properties. The presence of crystalline phases, for example, has a significant effect on the adsorption capacity. However, despite their low cost and ubiquity, their chemical and geometric heterogeneity significantly affects the performance and applications of slag-based adsorbents. These challenges notwithstanding, the efficacy of slag-based adsorbents can be significantly enhanced through purposeful activation to increase the specific surface area and density of adsorption sites on the surfaces of adsorbent particles. The synthesis of functionalised adsorbents such as geopolymers, zeolites and layered double hydroxides from silicate and aluminosilicate precursors can also significantly increase the performance of slag-based adsorbents. In addition, the ability to stabilise the dissolved and/or entrained toxic metal species in stable phases in slags, either through controlled post-process fluxing or crystallisation, can significantly enhance the environmental performance of slag-based adsorbents. Most critical in the design of future slag-based adsorbents is the integration of the engineered properties of molten and solidified slags to the recovery and stabilisation of dissolved and/or entrained metals.
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19
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Acisli O, Acar I, Khataee A. Preparation of a fly ash-based geopolymer for removal of a cationic dye: Isothermal, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Sharma MK, Kumar M. Sulphate contamination in groundwater and its remediation: an overview. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:74. [PMID: 31897853 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-8051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most abundant form of sulphur in the geosphere has been sulphate. Sulphate, with sulphur in the plus six oxidation state is very stable. Sources of sulphate in groundwater include mineral dissolution, atmospheric deposition and other anthropogenic sources (mining, fertilizer, etc.). Gypsum is an important contributor to the high levels of sulphate in many aquifer of the world. Sulphate is not as much as toxic, but it can cause catharsis, dehydration and diarrhoea, and when ingested in higher amount through dietary absorption, the levels of methaemoglobin and sulphaemoglobin are changed in human and animal body. The role of sulphate in aqueous phase and sedimentary phase has been discussed. There is only limited work on sulphate pollution remediation in groundwater at national and international level; therefore, in the light of rising attention in sulphate as a contaminant, different sources of sulphate, its distribution and available different remediation techniques for groundwater system reported so far have been discussed in the present paper. Abiologic processes' thermochemical sulphate reduction (TSR) also plays significant role in reduction of sulphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Sharma
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
| | - Mohit Kumar
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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21
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Yang F, Bai L, Li P, Li Q, Luo L, Li W. Improved methane production and sulfate removal by anaerobic co-digestion corn stalk and levulinic acid wastewater pretreated by calcium hydroxide. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:499-505. [PMID: 31325850 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Levulinic acid wastewater containing high concentration of sulfate was generated while producing levulinic acid by straw depolymerization with dilute sulfuric acid. In this study, levulinic acid wastewater was pretreated by calcium hydroxide precipitation, then co-digestion of pretreated levulinic acid wastewater and corn stalk was conducted for the further removal of sulfate from levulinic acid wastewater and production of bioenergy. Effects of sulfate loading and substrate level on methane production and sulfate removal from co-digestion were investigated. The results showed that the highest methane production potential of 249.93 mL/g volatile solid (VS) was achieved when the sulfate loading is 0.31 g/L and the substrate level is 32.3 g/L, which was significantly higher than 182.53 mL/g VS achieved for mono-digestion of corn stalk. The sulfate removal of 86.82-98.10% was obtained when sulfate loading is >0.31 g/L, and the concentration of sulfate in the biogas slurry was <0.09 g/L after 28 days of anaerobic co-digestion regardless initial sulfate loading. The results of microbial community analysis demonstrated that the relative abundance of methanogenic bacteria (such as Methanoculleus and Methanosarcina) had increased significantly at sulfate loading of 0.31 g/L, and the relative abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfotomaculum) increased from 0.01% to 2.11% when the sulfate loading rose from 0.10 g/L to 1.47 g/L under the substrate level of 32.3 g/L. This means that co-digestion of corn stalk and levulinic acid wastewater after calcium hydroxide pretreatment (CHP) was beneficial for methane production and sulfate removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Yang
- Department of Agriculture Biological Environment and Energy Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Agriculture Biological Environment and Energy Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Agriculture Biological Environment and Energy Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Agriculture Biological Environment and Energy Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lina Luo
- Department of Agriculture Biological Environment and Energy Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- Department of Agriculture Biological Environment and Energy Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China.
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22
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Tian Q, Nakama S, Sasaki K. Immobilization of cesium in fly ash-silica fume based geopolymers with different Si/Al molar ratios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 687:1127-1137. [PMID: 31412449 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Geopolymers are considered as promising matrixes for waste solidification. However, the effects of the Si/Al molar ratio of geopolymer on the immobilization efficiencies for metal ions have not been fully studied and understood. In the present study, geopolymers with different Si/Al ratios were synthesized from coal fly ash and silica fume. Adsorption tests were conducted to evaluate their immobilization efficiencies for Cs+. The results indicated that geopolymer with low Si/Al ratio could have a better immobilization performance for Cs+ than that with high Si/Al ratio. High Si/Al ratio could contribute to a more compact structure of geopolymer. Each sorption process fitted better with the pseudo-second-order model, and all of them were governed by film diffusion. However, the diffusion mode was gradually closed to particle diffusion with the increase in the Si/Al ratio. Both Langmuir and Freundlich models could well fit the sorption data, and the free energy of each sorption process decreased with the increase in the Si/Al ratio according to D-R equation. The distribution of AlO4 tetrahedron in the geopolymer structure plays a significant role in the immobilization of Cs+. Low Si/Al ratio could result in that more AlO4 tetrahedrons distribute in the small rings (<eight-member), which has stronger locking effects on Cs+. However, high Si/Al ratio leads to the distribution of AlO4 tetrahedrons mainly in larger rings (≥eight-member), and this could contribute to the high leaching amount of Cs+. In addition, high-temperature treatment could contribute to the formation of nepheline or pollucite in geopolymer matrix. These minerals locked Cs+ in their structures, and the leaching amount of Cs+ was reduced correspondingly from high levels (26.36%, 27.26%, and 66.92%) to very low levels (0.67%, 0.53%, and 0.95%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhi Tian
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Shingo Nakama
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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23
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Atiba-Oyewo O, Onyango MS, Wolkersdorfer C. Synthesis and application of alginate immobilised banana peels nanocomposite in rare earth and radioactive minerals removal from mine water. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:756-765. [PMID: 31573546 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the preparation, characterisation and application of pelletised immobilised alginate/montmorillonite/banana peels nanocomposite (BPNC) in a fixed-bed column for continuous adsorption of rare earth elements and radioactive minerals from water. The materials was characterised by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Analyses indicated that the pellets are porous and spherical in shape. FT-IR analysis showed that the functional groups responsible for the coordination of metal ions were the carboxylic (-COO-) and siloxane (Si-O-Si and Si-O-Al) groups. XRD analysis showed two additional peaks which were attributed to alginate and montmorillonite. The influence of the initial concentration, bed depth and flow rate were investigated using synthetic and real mine water in order to determine the breakthrough behaviour of both minerals. The processed bed volume, adsorbent exhaustion rate and service time, were also explored as performance indices for the adsorbent material. Furthermore, the breakthrough data were fitted to both the Thomas and Bohart-Adams models. The BPNC exhibited high affinity for U, Th, Gd and La in the real mine water sample. However, studies may still be required using waters from different environments in order to determine the robustness of BPNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi Atiba-Oyewo
- Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Maurice S Onyango
- Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Christian Wolkersdorfer
- Lappeenranta University of Technology, Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Sammonkatu 12, 50130 Mikkeli, Finland
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24
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Zhao X, Tu C, Zhou Z, Zhang W, Ma X, Yang J. Recovery of ammonia nitrogen and magnesium as struvite from wastewaters in coal‐fired power plant. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Zhao
- College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai China
| | - Chengqin Tu
- College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Technical DepartmentNanjing R&D Tech Group Co., Ltd. Nanjing China
| | - Xu Ma
- Institute of Chemical TechnologyGuodian Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. Nanijing China
| | - Jiazhe Yang
- College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai China
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25
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Gogoi H, Leiviskä T, Rämö J, Tanskanen J. Production of aminated peat from branched polyethylenimine and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride for sulphate removal from mining water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:323-334. [PMID: 31150931 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel bio-based anion exchanger was developed to remove sulphate from synthetic solutions and mine water. Different modification parameters such as chemical dosage and reaction time were tested when using a unique combination of branched polyethylenimine (PEI) and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) to produce an aminated biosorbent (termed PG-Peat). The novel and environment-friendly modification method was shown by FTIR and XPS analyses to be able to introduce quaternary ammonium and N-H groups into PG-Peat. The optimal modification conditions (PEI: 0.26 mmol/g, GTMAC: 0.0447 mol/g, reaction time: 18 h) resulted in the maximum sulphate uptake capacity (189.5 ± 2.7 mg/g) with a partition coefficient value of 0.02 mg/g/μM under acidic conditions. At low pH, amine groups on the peat surface became cationized, thereby resulting in a higher sulphate removal capacity. Batch sorption tests using PG-Peat exhibited rapid sulphate sorption after only five minutes of contact. The sulphate uptake by PG-Peat was unaffected by the presence of varying chloride concentrations, while slightly lower uptake capacity was observed when different concentrations of nitrate were present. The biosorbent showed high recyclability, which was revealed in regeneration studies. Tests were performed involving real mine water, where PG-Peat showed its potential to be a highly efficient biosorbent for sulphate removal at low pH values, indicating its suitability for treating acidic mine waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Gogoi
- Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tiina Leiviskä
- Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Rämö
- Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tanskanen
- Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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26
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Ma H, Zhang J, Wang M, Sun S. Modification of Y‐Zeolite with Zirconium for Enhancing the Active Component Loading: Preparation and Sulfate Adsorption Performance of ZrO(OH)
2
/Y‐Zeolite. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqin Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Meijie Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Shuai Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
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27
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Sustainable Treatment for Sulfate and Lead Removal from Battery Wastewater. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11133497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present a low-cost and simple method to treat spent lead–acid battery wastewater using quicklime and slaked lime. The sulfate and lead were successfully removed using the precipitation method. The structure of quicklime, slaked lime, and resultant residues were measured by X-ray diffraction. The obtained results show that the sulfate removal efficiencies were more than 97% for both quicklime and slaked lime and the lead removal efficiencies were 49% for quicklime and 53% for slaked lime in a non-carbonation process. After the carbonation step, the sulfate removal efficiencies were slightly decreased but the lead removal efficiencies were 68.4% for quicklime and 69.3% for slaked lime which were significantly increased compared with the non-carbonation process. This result suggested that quicklime, slaked lime, and carbon dioxide can be a potential candidate for the removal of sulfate and lead from industrial wastewater treatment.
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28
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Tian Q, Sasaki K. Application of fly ash-based geopolymer for removal of cesium, strontium and arsenate from aqueous solutions: kinetic, equilibrium and mechanism analysis. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 79:2116-2125. [PMID: 31318349 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Geopolymerization is a developing reaction process for the utilization of solid wastes. In the present study, fly ash-based geopolymer and its derivative (Fe(II)-modified geopolymer) were synthesized and characterized using XRD, SEM, FTIR, BET, UV-Vis DRS as well as TG-DTA, and adopted as adsorbents for removal of Cs+ and Sr2+, and AsO3- 4 from solutions. Each sorption kinetic was well fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. The sorption of Cs+ and Sr2+ onto original geopolymer were better fitted to the Langmuir model. However, the Freundlich model is more befitting for sorption of AsO3- 4 onto Fe(II)-modified geopolymer. The free energies calculated from the D-R isotherm indicated that the sorption for Cs+ and Sr2+ were dominantly ion exchanges. Ring size plays a decisive role in ion exchanges for both Cs+ and Sr2+. Furthermore, the arrangement of SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedrons has significant impacts on the ion exchange of Sr2+. XPS results indicated that a part of Fe2+ in Fe (II)-modified geopolymer had been oxidized to Fe3+ after sorption. Precipitation of FeAsO4 could partially contribute to the arsenate removal from solution. AsO3- 4sorption has also occurred through the formation of inner-sphere complexes via ion exchange reaction, which could be predominantly attached by bidentate linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhi Tian
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan E-mail:
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan E-mail:
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Tian X, Zhou Z, Xin Y, Jiang LM, Zhao X, An Y. A novel sulfate removal process by ettringite precipitation with aluminum recovery: Kinetics and a pilot-scale study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 365:572-580. [PMID: 30469037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel sulfate removal process via ettringite precipitation was developed by dissolving ettringite and recycling Al3+ under low pH condition. Effects of solid to liquid ratios, pH and temperature on ettringite dissolution, Al recovery and transformation of precipitates were investigated by batch experiments. The optimum condition for Al recovery is pH =3.0, suspended solid of 9.8 g/L and temperature below 303 K. Ettringite dissolution consists of two stages, (i) rapid but inconsistent dissolution with the fastest release of sulfate, followed by calcium, and then Al(OH)63-; (ii) slow dissolution of Al(OH)63- core and gypsum precipitation. Dissolution of Al(OH)63- core follows the first-order kinetics with activation energy of 41.18 kJ/mol, while gypsum re-precipitation follows the second-order kinetics with activation energy of 26.36 kJ/mol. Long-term results of pilot-scale systems for treatment of real flue gas desulfurization wastewater showed that the process achieved sulfate removal of 98.3%-99.5% and Al recovery above 98.4%, and converted 98.8% sulfate in ettringite to CaSO4, which resulted in 66.0% of sludge reduction and improved sludge dewaterability. Economic evaluation shows that the process with Al recovery reduces cost of ettringite precipitation by 35.1%, and is highly feasible and cost-effective for industrial application of high-sulfate content wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoce Tian
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yi Xin
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Lu-Man Jiang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Ying An
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
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Sarkar C, Basu JK, Samanta AN. Experimental and kinetic study of fluoride adsorption by Ni and Zn modified LD slag based geopolymer. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Runtti H, Tolonen ET, Tuomikoski S, Luukkonen T, Lassi U. How to tackle the stringent sulfate removal requirements in mine water treatment-A review of potential methods. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 167:207-222. [PMID: 30053677 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate (SO42-) is a ubiquitous anion in natural waters. It is not considered toxic, but it may be detrimental to freshwater species at elevated concentrations. Mining activities are one significant source of anthropogenic sulfate into natural waters, mainly due to the exposure of sulfide mineral ores to weathering. There are several strategies for mitigating sulfate release, starting from preventing sulfate formation in the first place and ending at several end-of-pipe treatment options. Currently, the most widely used sulfate-removal process is precipitation as gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). However, the lowest reachable concentration is theoretically 1500 mg L-1 SO42- due to gypsum's solubility. At the same time, several mines worldwide have significantly more stringent sulfate discharge limits. The purpose of this review is to examine the process options to reach low sulfate levels (< 1500 mg L-1) in mine effluents. Examples of such processes include alternative chemical precipitation methods, membrane technology, biological treatment, ion exchange, and adsorption. In addition, aqueous chemistry and current effluent standards concerning sulfate together with concentrate treatment and sulfur recovery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Runtti
- University of Oulu, Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, P.O Box 4300, FI-90014, Finland
| | - Emma-Tuulia Tolonen
- University of Oulu, Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, P.O Box 4300, FI-90014, Finland
| | - Sari Tuomikoski
- University of Oulu, Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, P.O Box 4300, FI-90014, Finland
| | - Tero Luukkonen
- University of Oulu, Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Finland.
| | - Ulla Lassi
- University of Oulu, Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, P.O Box 4300, FI-90014, Finland; University of Jyvaskyla, Kokkola University Consortium Chydenius, Unit of Applied Chemistry, Talonpojankatu 2B, FI-67100 Kokkola, Finland
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Siyal AA, Shamsuddin MR, Khan MI, Rabat NE, Zulfiqar M, Man Z, Siame J, Azizli KA. A review on geopolymers as emerging materials for the adsorption of heavy metals and dyes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 224:327-339. [PMID: 30056352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The world water resources are contaminated due to discharge of a large number of pollutants from industrial and domestic sources. A variety of a single and multiple units of physical, chemical, and biological processes are employed for pollutants removal from wastewater. Adsorption is the most widely utilized process due to high efficiency, simple procedure and cost effectiveness. This paper reviews the research work carried out on the use of geopolymer materials for the adsorption of heavy metals and dyes. Geopolymers possess good surface properties, heterogeneous microstructure and amorphous structure. The performance of geopolymers in the removal of heavy metals and dyes is reported comparable to other materials. The pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models mostly fit to the adsorption data suggesting homogeneous distribution of adsorption sites with the formation of monolayer adsorbate on the surface of geopolymers. Adsorption of heavy metals and dyes onto geopolymers is spontaneous, endothermic and entropy driven process. Future research should focus on the enhancement of geopolymer performance, testing on pollutants other than heavy metals and dyes, and verification on real wastewater in continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmer Ali Siyal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Rashid Shamsuddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Institute for Sustainable Living, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Irfan Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Ekmi Rabat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Zulfiqar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Zakaria Man
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - John Siame
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mines & Mineral Sciences, The Copperbelt University, 4662, Jambo Drive, Riverside Campus, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - Khairun Azizi Azizli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
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Salehi A, Najafi Kani E. Green cylindrical mesoporous adsorbent based on alkali-activated phosphorous slag: synthesis, dye removal, and RSM modeling. ADSORPTION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-018-9972-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Panda L, Rath SS, Rao DS, Nayak BB, Das B, Misra PK. Thorough understanding of the kinetics and mechanism of heavy metal adsorption onto a pyrophyllite mine waste based geopolymer. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Removal of High-Concentration Sulfate Ions from the Sodium Alkali FGD Wastewater Using Ettringite Precipitation Method: Factor Assessment, Feasibility, and Prospect. J CHEM-NY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/1265168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of removal of sulfate ions from the sodium alkali FGD wastewater using the ettringite precipitation method was evaluated. Factors affecting the removal of sulfate ions, such as NaAlO2 dosage, Ca(OH)2 dosage, solution temperature, anions (Cl−, NO3− and F−), and heavy metal ions (Mg2+ and Mn2+), were investigated, and the optimal experimental conditions for the removal of sulfate ions were determined. Experimental results indicate that the ettringite precipitation method can effectively remove SO42− with removal efficiency of more than 98%. All the investigated factors have influences on the removal of sulfate ions, and among them, the dosage of reagents, solution temperature, and fluoride ions have the strongest influence. In addition, the method can effectively synergistically remove F− and heavy metal ions with removal efficiencies of more than 90% and 99%, respectively; meanwhile, Cl− and NO3− also can be removed minimally by the method. The result of actual wastewater treatment shows that the method is feasible for treating high-concentration sulfate wastewater. The ettringite precipitation method has the potential to be a commercial application in the future.
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Synthesis of mesoporous geopolymeric powder from LD slag as superior adsorbent for Zinc (II) removal. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Luukkonen T, Věžníková K, Tolonen ET, Runtti H, Yliniemi J, Hu T, Kemppainen K, Lassi U. Removal of ammonium from municipal wastewater with powdered and granulated metakaolin geopolymer. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:414-423. [PMID: 28278098 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1301572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium [Formula: see text] removal from municipal wastewater poses challenges with the commonly used biological processes. Especially at low wastewater temperatures, the process is frequently ineffective and difficult to control. One alternative is to use ion-exchange. In the present study, a novel [Formula: see text] ion-exchanger, metakaolin geopolymer (MK-GP), was prepared, characterised, and tested. Batch experiments with powdered MK-GP indicated that the maximum exchange capacities were 31.79, 28.77, and 17.75 mg/g in synthetic, screened, and pre-sedimented municipal wastewater, respectively, according to the Sips isotherm (R2 ≥ 0.91). Kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order rate equation in all cases (kp2 = 0.04-0.24 g mg-1 min-1, R2 ≥ 0.97) and the equilibrium was reached within 30-90 min. Granulated MK-GP proved to be suitable for a continuous column mode use. Granules were high-strength, porous at the surface and could be regenerated multiple times with NaCl/NaOH. A bench-scale pilot test further confirmed the feasibility of granulated MK-GP in practical conditions at a municipal wastewater treatment plant: consistently <4 mg/L [Formula: see text] could be reached even though wastewater had low temperature (approx. 10°C). The results indicate that powdered or granulated MK-GP might have practical potential for removal and possible recovery of [Formula: see text] from municipal wastewaters. The simple and low-energy preparation method for MK-GP further increases the significance of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tero Luukkonen
- a Kajaani University of Applied Sciences , Kajaani , Finland
| | - Kateřina Věžníková
- b Faculty of Chemistry , Brno University of Technology , Purkyňova Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Emma-Tuulia Tolonen
- a Kajaani University of Applied Sciences , Kajaani , Finland
- c Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Hanna Runtti
- c Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Juho Yliniemi
- d Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Tao Hu
- c Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | | | - Ulla Lassi
- c Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
- e Unit of Applied Chemistry , University of Jyvaskyla, Kokkola University Consortium Chydenius , Kokkola , Finland
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Tang W, He D, Zhang C, Waite TD. Optimization of sulfate removal from brackish water by membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI). WATER RESEARCH 2017; 121:302-310. [PMID: 28558281 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Removal of sulfate from water is an environmental challenge faced by many industrial sectors as most existing options are inefficient, costly or unsustainable. The situation is further complicated by the typical coexistence of other ions. In this work, the feasibility of sulfate removal from brackish water by single-pass constant-current membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) under reverse-current desorption was investigated. Results revealed that sulfate is preferentially removed from the aqueous solution by MCDI compared to chloride. Equivalent circuits of the MCDI system during adsorption and desorption were proposed and the dynamic variation of cell voltage and charging voltage at different adsorption currents was satisfactorily elucidated. Optimization studies were conducted with attention given to discussing the effects of four operating parameters, i.e., adsorption current, pump flow rate, ending cell voltage and desorption current, on three performance indicators (i.e., water recovery, energy consumption and sorption ratio of sulfate to chloride) on the premise of maintaining the effluent sulfate concentration below the specified threshold of 300 mg L-1. Water recovery-energy consumption mapping and sorption ratio of sulfate to chloride-energy consumption mapping indicated that the combination of a lower adsorption current and a lower matching pump flow rate which reduced the effluent sulfate concentration to 300 mg L-1 was more favorable in practical applications. An appropriately small ending cell voltage was advantageous while a trade-off between water recovery and energy cost was required in optimizing the desorption current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangwang Tang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Di He
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Changyong Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - T David Waite
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Dou W, Zhou Z, Jiang LM, Jiang A, Huang R, Tian X, Zhang W, Chen D. Sulfate removal from wastewater using ettringite precipitation: Magnesium ion inhibition and process optimization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 196:518-526. [PMID: 28347970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the main challenges in industrial wastewater treatment and recovery is the removal of sulfate, which usually coexists with Ca2+ and Mg2+. The effect of Mg2+ on sulfate removal by ettringite precipitation was investigated, and the process was optimized in the absence and presence of Mg2+. In the absence of Mg2+, the optimum conditions with sulfate removal of 99.7% were obtained at calcium-to-sulfate ratio of 3.20, aluminum-to-sulfate ratio of 1.25 and pH of 11.3 using response surface methodology. In the presence of Mg2+, sulfate removal efficiency decreased with increasing Mg2+ concentration, and the inhibitory effect of Mg2+ matched the competitive inhibition Monod model with half maximum inhibition concentration of 57.4 mmol/L. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses of precipitates revealed that ettringite was converted to hydrotalcite-type (HT) compound in the presence of Mg2+. The morphology of precipitates was transformed from prismatic crystals to stacked layered crystals, which confirmed that Mg2+ competes with Ca2+ for Al3+ to form HT compound. A two-stage process was designed with Mg2+ removal before ettringite precipitation to eliminate the inhibitory effect, and is potential to realize sludge recovery at the same time of effective removal of sulfate and hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiao Dou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China.
| | - Lu-Man Jiang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China.
| | - Aijian Jiang
- Jiangsu Hairong Thermal & Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd, 10 Sanmiao Village, Xingren Town, Tongzhou District, Nantong, Jiangsu 226371, China
| | - Rongwei Huang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xiaoce Tian
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Dongqing Chen
- Jiangsu Hairong Thermal & Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd, 10 Sanmiao Village, Xingren Town, Tongzhou District, Nantong, Jiangsu 226371, China
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