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Wang F, Zhai Z, Zhao Z, Di Y, Chen X. Physics-informed neural network for lithium-ion battery degradation stable modeling and prognosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4332. [PMID: 38773131 PMCID: PMC11109204 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate state-of-health (SOH) estimation is critical for reliable and safe operation of lithium-ion batteries. However, reliable and stable battery SOH estimation remains challenging due to diverse battery types and operating conditions. In this paper, we propose a physics-informed neural network (PINN) for accurate and stable estimation of battery SOH. Specifically, we model the attributes that affect the battery degradation from the perspective of empirical degradation and state space equations, and utilize neural networks to capture battery degradation dynamics. A general feature extraction method is designed to extract statistical features from a short period of data before the battery is fully charged, enabling our method applicable to different battery types and charge/discharge protocols. Additionally, we generate a comprehensive dataset consisting of 55 lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese-oxide (NCM) batteries. Combined with three other datasets from different manufacturers, we use a total of 387 batteries with 310,705 samples to validate our method. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is 0.87%. Our proposed PINN has demonstrated remarkable performance in regular experiments, small sample experiments, and transfer experiments when compared to alternative neural networks. This study highlights the promise of physics-informed machine learning for battery degradation modeling and SOH estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujin Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Equipment Operation Safety and Intelligent Monitoring, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhi Zhai
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Equipment Operation Safety and Intelligent Monitoring, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhibin Zhao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Equipment Operation Safety and Intelligent Monitoring, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China.
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Yi Di
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Equipment Operation Safety and Intelligent Monitoring, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Equipment Operation Safety and Intelligent Monitoring, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China.
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China.
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2
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Li X, Tang X, Ge M, Zhou Q, Zhang X, Liu W, Zhang H, Xie H, Yin Y, Yang S. Preoxidation and Prilling Combined with Doping Strategy to Build High-Performance Recycling Spent LiFePO 4 Materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:9556-9562. [PMID: 38666374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Direct regeneration has gained much attention in LiFePO4 battery recycling due to its simplicity, ecofriendliness, and cost savings. However, the excess carbon residues from binder decomposition, conductive carbon, and coated carbon in spent LiFePO4 impair electrochemical performance of direct regenerated LiFePO4. Herein, we report a preoxidation and prilling collaborative doping strategy to restore spent LiFePO4 by direct regeneration. The excess carbon is effectively removed by preoxidation. At the same time, prilling not only reduces the size of the primary particles and shortens the diffusion distance of Li+ but also improves the tap density of the regenerated materials. Besides, the Li+ transmission of the regenerated LiFePO4 is further improved by Ti4+ doping. Compared with commercial LiFePO4, it has excellent low-temperature performance. The collaborative strategy provides a new insight into regenerating high-performance spent LiFePO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Henan Lithium Power Supply Co., Ltd., Xinxiang, Henan 453000, China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Ming Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Qibin Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Huishuang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Yanhong Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Henan Lithium Power Supply Co., Ltd., Xinxiang, Henan 453000, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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3
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Biswal BK, Zhang B, Thi Minh Tran P, Zhang J, Balasubramanian R. Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries for a sustainable future: recent advancements. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 38644694 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00898c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used as power storage systems in electronic devices and electric vehicles (EVs). Recycling of spent LIBs is of utmost importance from various perspectives including recovery of valuable metals (mostly Co and Li) and mitigation of environmental pollution. Recycling methods such as direct recycling, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, bio-hydrometallurgy (bioleaching) and electrometallurgy are generally used to resynthesise LIBs. These methods have their own benefits and drawbacks. This manuscript provides a critical review of recent advances in the recycling of spent LIBs, including the development of recycling processes, identification of the products obtained from recycling, and the effects of recycling methods on environmental burdens. Insights into chemical reactions, thermodynamics, kinetics, and the influence of operating parameters of each recycling technology are provided. The sustainability of recycling technologies (e.g., life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis) is critically evaluated. Finally, the existing challenges and future prospects are presented for further development of sustainable, highly efficient, and environmentally benign recycling of spent LIBs to contribute to the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Kumar Biswal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - Phuong Thi Minh Tran
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
- The University of Danang - University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang Str., Danang City, Vietnam
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - Rajasekhar Balasubramanian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
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4
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Chen Z, Lu Y, Hong R, Liang Z, Wen L, Liu X, Liu Q. Recent Progress of Solid-Liquid Interface-Mediated Contact-Electro-Catalysis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5557-5570. [PMID: 38465803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Contact electrification (CE) is a common physical process by which triboelectric charges are generated through the mutual contact between two objects. Despite the ongoing debates on CE's mechanism, recent advancements in technology have elucidated the primary role of electron transfer in most CE processes. This discovery leads to the spawning of an emerging field, known as contact-electro-catalysis (CEC), which utilizes the electron transfer phenomenon during CE to initiate CEC. In this work, we provide the first comprehensive review of the recent progress of the solid-liquid interface-mediated CEC process, including its working principles, relationship with surface science, recent breakthroughs in applications, and future challenges. We aim to provide fundamental guidance for researchers to understand the reaction mechanism of the CEC process and to propose potential pathways to enhance CEC efficiency from a surface and interfacial science perspective. Later, recent application scenarios using the novel CEC techniques are summarized, including wastewater treatment, efficient generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lithium-ion battery recycling, and CO2 reduction. In general, CEC technology has opened a new avenue for catalysis, effectively expanding the range of catalyst options and holding promise as a solution to a variety of complex catalytic challenges in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Chen
- Future Technology School, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ruolan Hong
- Future Technology School, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Liang
- Future Technology School, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
| | - Leyan Wen
- Future Technology School, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Future Technology School, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
| | - Qingxia Liu
- Future Technology School, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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Wang Z, Zhu J. Recent Advances on Stretchable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries for Wearable Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311012. [PMID: 38334244 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The rapid development of wearable electronics has stimulated the pursuit of advanced stretchable power sources. As a promising candidate, stretchable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), have attracted unprecedented attention owing to their intrinsic safety, low cost, environmental benignity, and high performance, and can be endowed with additional functionalities to broaden the applications of wearable electronics. Here, a comprehensive review on the latest advances of stretchable AZIBs is presented. The materials and methods for stretchable components in AZIBs are first summarized, covering current collectors, electrodes, electrolytes/separators, and encapsulating layers. Subsequently, the benefits of the coplanar, fiber-shaped, and sandwiched configurations for stretchable AZIBs are analyzed. Moreover, the additional features integrated into stretchable AZIBs are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and prospects of stretchable AZIBs for wearable applications in the future are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Liu X, Wang B, Ma Y, Zhou X, Yang J, He Y, Tang J, Su F, Yang W. Preferential and efficient extraction of lithium under the combined action of reduction of herb-medicine residue and leaching of oxalic acid. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:44-52. [PMID: 38006757 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for lithium resources, the efficient recovery of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become the focus of social attention. Herein, a combined process of reduction roasting of herb-medicine residue (HMR) and oxalic acid (OA) leaching is proposed to improve the recovery efficiency of lithium. Due to the large amount of reducing gas produced by the pyrolysis of herb-medicine residue, the layered structure of LiNixCoyMnzO2 cathode powder can be destroyed at 650℃ for 10 min, and the cathode powder is converted into Li2CO3, Ni, Co, MnO. Moreover, about 99.6 % of Li in the roasting residue can be selectively extracted by 0.5 mol L-1 oxalic acid for 20 min. Under the combined action of HMR and OA, the extraction efficiency and kinetics of lithium are improved simultaneously. This work achieves synergistic treatment of two types of waste from the perspective of waste management for waste. Meanwhile, it provides an alternative and innovative approach for the difficult problem of low efficiency of lithium recovery from spent LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bei Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421000, China
| | - Yayun Ma
- Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Xiangyang Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-added Metallurgy, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yuehui He
- Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Fanyun Su
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wan Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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7
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Aboraia AM, Al-Omoush M, Solayman M, Saad HMH, Khabiri G, Saad M, Alsulaim GM, Soldatov AV, Ismail YAM, Gomaa H. A heterostructural MoS 2QDs@UiO-66 nanocomposite for the highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light and simulated sunlight. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34598-34609. [PMID: 38024985 PMCID: PMC10679884 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06299f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of recyclable photocatalysts with high activity and stability has piqued the interest of researchers in the field of wastewater treatment. In this study, an ultrasonic probe approach was used to immerse a sequence of heterojunctions formed by metal-organic frameworks (UiO-66) and different amounts of molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (MoS2QDs), resulting in a highly recyclable MoS2QDs@UiO-66 photocatalyst. Multiple advanced techniques, such as XPS, XRD, TEM, XRF, and UV-vis spectrophotometry, were used to characterize and confirm the successful preparation of UIO-66 impregnated with MoS2QDs. The results indicated that the best heterostructure catalyst exhibited superior efficiency in the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) in water, achieving approximately 99% removal within 30 minutes under simulated sunlight, while approximately 97% removal under visible light. The outstanding photocatalytic performance is predominantly attributed to the photoinduced separation of carriers in this heterostructure system. This study proposes a unique, simple, and low-cost method for improving the degradation performance of organic contaminants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Aboraia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University Assiut 71542 Egypt
- Energy Storage Research Laboratory (ESRL), Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University Assiut 71542 Egypt
- College of Industry and Energy Technology, New Assiut Technological University New Assiut City Assiut Egypt
| | - Majd Al-Omoush
- Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University Sladkova 178/24 344090 Rostov-on-Don Russia
| | - Malak Solayman
- Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University Sladkova 178/24 344090 Rostov-on-Don Russia
| | - Hatem M H Saad
- Capability Systems Centre School of Engineering and IT, The University of New South Wales Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Gomaa Khabiri
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University Fayoum 63514 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Saad
- Department of Radiological Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University P. O. Box 9004 Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghayah M Alsulaim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University Al Ahsa Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander V Soldatov
- Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University Sladkova 178/24 344090 Rostov-on-Don Russia
| | - Yasser A M Ismail
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah Saudi Arabia
| | - H Gomaa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University Assiut 71542 Egypt
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8
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Luo S, Zhu X, Gong M, Mo R, Yang S. Coupling the recovery of spent lithium-ion batteries and the treatment of phenol wastewater: A "treating waste with waste" strategy. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140018. [PMID: 37657706 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of spent lithium-ion batteries and the treatment of phenol wastewater are both environmental and social issues. In this study, the enhanced recovery of spent lithium-ion batteries and the efficient treatment of phenol wastewater are smartly coupled via a "treating waste with waste" strategy. Under optimal conditions, the leaching process involving phenol achieves 98% and 96% efficiency for Co and Li, respectively. After precipitation, Co and Li could be recovered as Co(OH)2 and Li2CO3, and the precipitated Co(OH)2 was further calcined to generate Co3O4. Furthermore, the organic contaminants that remained in the waste-leaching solution could be removed by a spent graphite-activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) process. It is noteworthy that the total organic carbon (TOC) in the waste-leaching solution could be removed using fewer PMS compared with the original phenol wastewater owing to the pre-oxidation of phenol during the leaching process, further confirming the advantage of this "treating waste with waste" strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Luo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Xuhui Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Mengqi Gong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Ran Mo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Shun Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China.
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9
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Li X, Ge M, Zhou Q, Gao Z, Cui Y, Zhang M, Tang X, Zhang H, Shi Z, Yin Y, Yang S. Construction of a Preoxidation and Cation Doping Regeneration Strategy to Improve Rate Performance Recycling Spent LiFePO 4 Materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13132-13139. [PMID: 37656965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Efficient recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is significant for solving environmental problems and promoting resource conservation. Economical recycling of LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries is extremely challenging due to the inexpensive production of LFP. Herein, we report a preoxidation combine with cation doping regeneration strategy to regenerate spent LiFePO4 (SLFP) with severely deteriorated. The binder, conductive agent, and residual carbon in SLFP are effectively removed through preoxidation treatment, which lays the foundation for the uniform and stable regeneration of LFP. Mg2+ doping is adopted to promote the diffusion efficiency of lithium ions, reduces the charge-transfer impedance, and further improves the electrochemical performance of the regenerated LFP. The discharge capacity of SLFP with severe deterioration recovers successfully from 43.2 to 136.9 mA h g-1 at 0.5 C. Compared with traditional methods, this technology is simple, economical, and environment-friendly. It provided an efficient way for recycling SLFP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- School of Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Ming Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Qibin Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhangchen Gao
- Henan Battery Research Institute Company Limited, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, China
| | - Yuantao Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Mengdan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Huishuang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhenpu Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yanhong Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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10
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Zhu P. The Foreseeable Future of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advanced Upcycling for Toxic Electrolyte, Cathode, and Anode from Environmental and Technological Perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13270-13291. [PMID: 37610371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
With the rise of the new energy vehicle industry represented by Tesla and BYD, the need for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) grows rapidly. However, owing to the limited service life of LIBs, the large-scale retirement tide of LIBs has come. The recycling of spent LIBs has become an inevitable trend of resource recovery, environmental protection, and social demand. The low added value recovery of previous LIBs mostly used traditional metal extraction, which caused environmental damage and had high cost. Beyond metal extraction, the upcycling of spent LIBs came into being. In this work, we have outlined and particularly focus on sustainable upcycling technologies of toxic electrolyte, cathode, and anode from spent LIBs. For electrolyte, whether electrolyte extraction or decomposition, restoring the original electrolyte components or decomposing them into low-carbon energy conversion is the goal of electrolyte upcycling. Direct regeneration and preparation of advanced materials are the best strategies for cathodic upcycling with the advantages of cost and energy consumption, but challenges remain in industrial practice. The regeneration of advanced graphite-based materials and battery-grade graphite shows us the prospect of regeneration of anode. Furthermore, the challenges and future development of spent LIBs upcycling are summarized and discussed from technological and environmental perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingen Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhenming Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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11
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Gu K, Gao X, Chen Y, Qin W, Han J. Closed-loop recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries based on selective sulfidation: An unconventional approach. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 169:32-42. [PMID: 37393754 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The facile recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted considerable attention because of its great importance to environmental protection and resource utilization. A novel process is developed for cyclic utilization of spent LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) batteries. The spent NCM was converted into water-soluble Li2CO3, acid-dissolved MnO, and nickel-cobalt sulfides through selective sulfidation, based on roasting condition optimization and thermodynamic calculation. More than 98 % of lithium is extracted preferentially from calcined NCM through water leaching, and over 99 % of manganese is extracted selectively from water leaching residue with H2SO4 solution of 0.4 mol/L in the absence of additional reductant. The nickel and cobalt sulfides were concentrated into the leaching residue without metal impurities. The obtained Li2CO3, MnSO4, and nickel-cobalt sulfides can be regenerated as new NCM, showing good electrochemical performance, and its discharge capacity is 169.8 mAh/g at 0.2C. After 100 cycles at 0.2C, the discharge specific capacity can still be maintained at 143.24 mAh/g, and its capacity retention ratio is as high as 92 %. An environmental assessment and economic evaluation indicate that the process is an economical and eco-friendly approach for green recycling of spent LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhong Gu
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xuesong Gao
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wenqing Qin
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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12
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Takaya Y, Kuwaba S, Tsujimura Y, Yamaguchi K, Tokoro C. Chemical speciation changes of an all-solid-state lithium-ion battery caused by roasting determined by sequential acid leaching. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 166:122-132. [PMID: 37172513 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASS-LIBs) are expected to replace current liquid-based LIBs in the near future owing to their high energy density and improved safety. It would be preferable if ASS-LIBs could be recycled by the current recycling processes used for liquid-based LIBs, but this possibility remains to be determined. Here, we subjected an ASS-LIB test cell containing an argyrodite-type solid electrolyte (Li6PS5Cl) and nickel-manganese-cobalt-type active material (Li(Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2)O2) to roasting, a treatment process commonly used for recycling of the valuable metals from liquid-based LIBs, and investigated the changes in chemical speciation. Roasting was performed at various temperatures (350-900 °C), for various times (60-360 min), and under various oxygen fugacity (air or O2) conditions. The chemical speciation of each metal element after roasting was determined by sequential elemental leaching tests and X-ray diffraction analysis. Li formed sulfates or phosphates over a wide temperature range. Ni and Co followed very complicated reaction paths owing to coexistence of S, P, and C, and they formed sulfides, phosphates, and complex oxides. The optimum conditions for minimizing formation of insoluble compounds, such as complex oxides, were a roasting temperature of 450-500 °C and a roasting time of 120 min. The results indicated that although ASS-LIBs can be treated by the same roasting processes as those used for current liquid-based LIBs, the optimal roasting conditions have narrow ranges. Thus, careful process control will be needed to achieve high extraction percentages of the valuable metals from ASS-LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Takaya
- Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Syuichi Kuwaba
- Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Yusaku Tsujimura
- Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tokoro
- Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
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13
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Biswal BK, Balasubramanian R. Recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries using microbial agents for bioleaching: a review. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1197081. [PMID: 37323903 PMCID: PMC10264615 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1197081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are increasingly generated due to their widespread use for various energy-related applications. Spent LIBs contain several valuable metals including cobalt (Co) and lithium (Li) whose supply cannot be sustained in the long-term in view of their increased demand. To avoid environmental pollution and recover valuable metals, recycling of spent LIBs is widely explored using different methods. Bioleaching (biohydrometallurgy), an environmentally benign process, is receiving increased attention in recent years since it utilizes suitable microorganisms for selective leaching of Co and Li from spent LIBs and is cost-effective. A comprehensive and critical analysis of recent studies on the performance of various microbial agents for the extraction of Co and Li from the solid matrix of spent LIBs would help for development of novel and practical strategies for effective extraction of precious metals from spent LIBs. Specifically, this review focuses on the current advancements in the application of microbial agents namely bacteria (e.g., Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans) and fungi (e.g., Aspergillus niger) for the recovery of Co and Li from spent LIBs. Both bacterial and fungal leaching are effective for metal dissolution from spent LIBs. Among the two valuable metals, the dissolution rate of Li is higher than Co. The key metabolites which drive the bacterial leaching include sulfuric acid, while citric acid, gluconic acid and oxalic acid are the dominant metabolites in fungal leaching. The bioleaching performance depends on both biotic (microbial agents) and abiotic factors (pH, pulp density, dissolved oxygen level and temperature). The major biochemical mechanisms which contribute to metal dissolution include acidolysis, redoxolysis and complexolysis. In most cases, the shrinking core model is suitable to describe the bioleaching kinetics. Biological-based methods (e.g., bioprecipitation) can be applied for metal recovery from the bioleaching solution. There are several potential operational challenges and knowledge gaps which should be addressed in future studies to scale-up the bioleaching process. Overall, this review is of importance from the perspective of development of highly efficient and sustainable bioleaching processes for optimum resource recovery of Co and Li from spent LIBs, and conservation of natural resources to achieve circular economy.
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Lu J, Xiong R, Tian J, Wang C, Sun F. Deep learning to estimate lithium-ion battery state of health without additional degradation experiments. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2760. [PMID: 37179411 PMCID: PMC10183024 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38458-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
State of health is a critical state which evaluates the degradation level of batteries. However, it cannot be measured directly but requires estimation. While accurate state of health estimation has progressed markedly, the time- and resource-consuming degradation experiments to generate target battery labels hinder the development of state of health estimation methods. In this article, we design a deep-learning framework to enable the estimation of battery state of health in the absence of target battery labels. This framework integrates a swarm of deep neural networks equipped with domain adaptation to produce accurate estimation. We employ 65 commercial batteries from 5 different manufacturers to generate 71,588 samples for cross-validation. The validation results indicate that the proposed framework can ensure absolute errors of less than 3% for 89.4% of samples (less than 5% for 98.9% of samples), with a maximum absolute error of less than 8.87% in the absence of target labels. This work emphasizes the power of deep learning in precluding degradation experiments and highlights the promise of rapid development of battery management algorithms for new-generation batteries using only previous experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Lu
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jinpeng Tian
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengchun Sun
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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15
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Miao Y, Liu L, Xu K, Li J. High concentration from resources to market heightens risk for power lithium-ion battery supply chains globally. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:65558-65571. [PMID: 37085683 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Global low-carbon contracts, along with the energy and environmental crises, have encouraged the rapid development of the power battery industry. As the current first choice for power batteries, lithium-ion batteries have overwhelming advantages. However, the explosive growth of the demand for power lithium-ion batteries will likely cause crises such as resource shortages and supply-demand imbalances. This study adopts qualitative and quantitative research methods to comprehensively evaluate the power lithium-ion battery supply and demand risks by analyzing the global material flow of these batteries. The results show that the processes from resources to market of the power lithium-ion battery industry are highly concentrated with growing trends. The proportion of the top three power lithium-ion battery-producing countries grew from 71.79% in 2016 to 92.22% in 2020, increasing by 28%. The top three power lithium-ion battery-demand countries accounted for 83.07% of the demand in 2016 and 88.16% in 2020. The increasing concentration increases the severity of the supply risk. The results also imply that different processes are concentrated within different countries or regions, and the segmentation puts the development of the power lithium-ion battery industry at significant risk. It is urgent to address this situation so that this severe risk can be ameliorated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youping Miao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 804, Sino-Italian Environmental and Energy-Efficient Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lili Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 804, Sino-Italian Environmental and Energy-Efficient Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kaihua Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for WEEE Recycling, Jingmen, 448124, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 804, Sino-Italian Environmental and Energy-Efficient Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China.
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16
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Zhang S, Zhang C, Zhang X, Ma E. A mechanochemical method for one-step leaching of metals from spent LIBs. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 161:245-253. [PMID: 36905812 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A one-step system based on mechanochemical activation and the use of grape skins (GS) was proposed to recover metals from lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) cathode waste. The effects of the ball-milling (BM) speed, BM time, and quantity of added GS on the metal leaching rate were explored. The spent lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) and its leaching residue before and after mechanochemistry were characterized by SEM, BET, PSD, XRD, FT-IR, and XPS analysis. Our study shows that mechanochemistry promotes the leaching efficiency of metals from LIBs battery cathode waste by changing the cathode material properties (that is, reducing the LCO particle size (12.126 μm ∼ 0.0928 μm), increasing the specific surface area (0.123 m2/g ∼ 15.957 m2/g), enhancing the hydrophilicity and surface free energy (57.44 mN/m2 ∼ 66.18 mN/m2), promoting the generation of mesoporous structures, refining grains, disrupting the crystal structure, and increasing the microscopic strain, while deflecting the binding energy of the metal ions). A green, efficient and environmentally friendly process for the harmless and resource-friendly treatment of spent LIBs has been developed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Jinhai Road No. 2360, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Chenglong Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Jinhai Road No. 2360, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Xihua Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Jinhai Road No. 2360, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - En Ma
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Jinhai Road No. 2360, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201209, China.
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17
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Tian H, Graczyk-Zajac M, De Carolis DM, Tian C, Ricohermoso EI, Yang Z, Li W, Wilamowska-Zawlocka M, Hofmann JP, Weidenkaff A, Riedel R. A facile strategy for reclaiming discarded graphite and harnessing the rate capabilities of graphite anodes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130607. [PMID: 37056017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Graphite negative electrodes are unbeaten hitherto in lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) due to their unique chemical and physical properties. Thus, the increasing scarcity of graphite resources makes smart recycling or repurposing of discarded graphite particularly imperative. However, the current recycling techniques still need to be improved upon with urgency. Herein a facile and efficient hydrometallurgical process is reported to effectively regenerate aged (39.5 %, 75 % state-of-health, SOH) scrapped graphite (SG) from end-of-life lithium-ion batteries. Ultimately, the first cycle reversible capacity of SG1 (SOH = 39.5 %) improved from 266 mAh/g to 337 mAh/g while 330 mAh/g (98 %) remain after 100 cycles at 0.5 C. The reversible capacity for the first cycle of SG2 (SOH = 75 %) boosted from 335 mAh/g to 366 mAh/g with the capacity retention of 99.3 % after 100 cycles at 0.5 C, which is comparable with the benchmark commercial graphite. The regenerated graphites RG1 and RG2 exhibit excellent output characteristics even increasing the rate up to 4 C. This is the best rate level reported in the literature to date. Finally, the diffusion coefficient of Li ions during deintercalation and intercalation in the regenerated graphites have been measured by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), determining values 2 orders-of-magnitude higher than that of the spent counterparts. Taking advantage of the synergistic effect of acid leaching and heat treatment, this strategy provides a simple and up-scalable method to recycle graphitic anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Tian
- Dispersive Solids, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Magdalena Graczyk-Zajac
- Dispersive Solids, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany; EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG, Durlacher Allee 93, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Dario M De Carolis
- Dispersive Solids, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Chuanmu Tian
- Surface Science Laboratory, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Iii Ricohermoso
- Dispersive Solids, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Zhiwu Yang
- Qinghai Taifeng Pulead Lithium-Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Tongan Road 139, 810021 Xining, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Dispersive Solids, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Monika Wilamowska-Zawlocka
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan P Hofmann
- Surface Science Laboratory, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Anke Weidenkaff
- Fraunhofer IWKS, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457 Hanau, Germany; Materials and Resources, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ralf Riedel
- Dispersive Solids, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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18
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Chen Q, Lai X, Hou Y, Gu H, Lu L, Liu X, Ren D, Guo Y, Zheng Y. Investigating the environmental impacts of different direct material recycling and battery remanufacturing technologies on two types of retired lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles in China. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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19
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Zhou H, Liu Y, Ma B, Wang C, Chen Y. Strengthening extraction of lithium and rubidium from activated α-spodumene concentrate via sodium carbonate roasting. J IND ENG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2023.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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20
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Nie Y, Wang Y, Li L, Liao H. Literature Review on Power Battery Echelon Reuse and Recycling from a Circular Economy Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4346. [PMID: 36901376 PMCID: PMC10002271 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Developing new energy vehicles (NEVs) is necessary to grow the low-carbon vehicle industry. Many concentrated end-of-life (EoL) power batteries will cause large-scale environmental pollution and safety accidents when the time comes to replace the first generation of batteries if improper recycling and disposal methods are utilized. Significant negative externalities will result for the environment and other economic entities. When recycling EoL power batteries, some countries need to solve problems about lower recycling rates, unclear division of echelon utilization scenarios, and incomplete recycling systems. Therefore, this paper first analyzes representative countries' power battery recycling policies and finds out the reasons for the low recycling rate in some countries. It is also found that echelon utilization is the critical link to EoL power battery recycling. Secondly, this paper summarizes the existing recycling models and systems to form a complete closed-loop recycling process from the two stages of consumer recycling and corporate disposal of batteries. The policies and recycling technologies are highly concerned with echelon utilization, but few studies focus on analyzing application scenarios of echelon utilization. Therefore, this paper combines cases to delineate the echelon utilization scenarios clearly. Based on this, the 4R EoL power battery recycling system is proposed, which improves the existing recycling system and can recycle EoL power batteries efficiently. Finally, this paper analyzes the existing policy problems and existing technical challenges. Based on the actual situation and future development trends, we propose development suggestions from the government, enterprises, and consumers to achieve the maximum reused of EoL power batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyou Nie
- School of Economics, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- School of Economics, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Environmental Science Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Haolan Liao
- School of Economics, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
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21
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Wang H, Cao L, Wang M, Liu B, Deng L, Li G, Cheng YJ, Gao J, Xia Y. Green and Low-Cost Approach for Recovering Valuable Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province310023, People’s Republic of China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longhao Cao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province310023, People’s Republic of China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longping Deng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohua Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province310023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Cheng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonggao Xia
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province315201, People’s Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing100049, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Zhou Y, Wei X, Huang L, Wang H. Worldwide research on extraction and recovery of cobalt through bibliometric analysis: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:16930-16946. [PMID: 36607578 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt is a strategic and critical mineral whose demand is expected to grow rapidly. This study aims to provide a comprehensive summary of cobalt extraction and recovery research from 2012 to 2021 in the form of bibliometric analysis. The work was based on the Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science) and carried out using the InCites of Clarivate for bibliometric data analysis and the software VOSviewer for science mapping. By analyzing a dataset of 4967 publications, the most influential journals, countries, authors, institutions, and publications were identified, and the keyword co-occurrence networks were mapped. The China mainland produced the most publications, while the USA had the highest average number of citations per publication and the UK was the most collaborative with other countries. The keyword analysis shows that the research hotspots gradually shifted over time from early means and methods for determination of cobalt in solution to recovery of cobalt from spent lithium batteries, smelting slag, copper-cobalt ore, etc. The research will be focused on further improvement and optimization of the separation, extraction, and recovery processes of cobalt from spent batteries in recent and future years, and three approaches were promoted to facilitate economization and industrialization of the processes in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlian Zhou
- Geology Institute of China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xiangsong Wei
- Geology Institute of China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Leiming Huang
- Geology Institute of China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Wuhan Blue Fox Digital Intelligence Technology Co. LTD, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
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23
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Yang M, Sun Y, Lyu S, Zhang T, Yang L, Li Z, Zhang G. Waste to wealth: atomically dispersed cobalt-nitrogen-carbon from spent LiCoO 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:924-927. [PMID: 36597857 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atomic cobalt-nitrogen-carbon (Co-NC) material was synthesized using spent LiCoO2, and contained a heavy Co-N4 loading (1.42 at%). The synthesized Co-NC exhibited high oxygen reduction reaction activity (with onset and half-wave potentials of 0.97 V and 0.87 V, respectively) and robust Al-air battery performance, delivering a specific power of 121.3 mW cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaosen Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Yanhui Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin 132012, China.,Al-ion Battery Research Center, College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China.
| | - Shuhan Lyu
- Beijing 21st Century International School, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin 132012, China.,Al-ion Battery Research Center, College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Zongge Li
- Al-ion Battery Research Center, College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China.
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Al-ion Battery Research Center, College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China.
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Chen Q, Hou Y, Lai X, Shen K, Gu H, Wang Y, Guo Y, Lu L, Han X, Zheng Y. Evaluating environmental impacts of different hydrometallurgical recycling technologies of the retired nickel-manganese-cobalt batteries from electric vehicles in China. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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25
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Liu C, Long J, Luo W, Liu H, Gao Y, Wan Z, Wang X. Synergistic strengthening mechanisms of mechanical activation-microwave reduction for selective lithium extraction from spent lithium batteries. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 155:281-291. [PMID: 36403412 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbothermal reduction of cathode materials is an effective method to selectively extract lithium carbonate, both mechanical activation and microwave heating can enhance thermal reduction of mixed electrode materials. However, the mechanism of enhanced lithium extraction has not been fully revealed. This study attempts to uncover the synergistic strengthening mechanisms of mechanical activation-microwave reduction from the aspects of material structure, dielectric properties, reduction kinetics and lithium recovery rate. Mechanical activation induces amorphization and structural defects. The enhanced dielectric properties of materials and the induced hotspots/arc plasmas are also responsible for the enhancement of the reduction reaction. The average dissociation activation energy in the activated sample is 18.0 kJ·mol-1, which is 20.3 kJ·mol-1 lower than that of unactivated sample. The model-free method reveals that the carbothermic reduction process can be divided into three stages: (I) initial stage (α < 0.4(0.6)): the activation energy gradually decreases with the formation of strong microwave acceptor-reduction products; (II) transitional stage (0.4(0.6) < α < 0.7): the increase in mass transfer resistance leads to gradual increase in activation energy. Mechanical activation shortens the transitional reaction stage; (III) later reaction stage (α > 0.7), the decrease in activation energy may be attributed to the enhanced microwave absorption and CO reduction. The model-fitting method reveals that after mechanical activation, the reaction kinetic changes from reaction-order model to Ginstling-Brounshtein diffusion model. The optimized lithium extraction process parameters were: activation 300 rpm for 1.5 h, reduction temperature 550 °C. The research results can provide theoretical support for the enhanced extraction of cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Long
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Luo
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yingying Gao
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zicong Wan
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xuegang Wang
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
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26
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Morina R, Merli D, Mustarelli P, Ferrara C. Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from Lithium‐Ion Battery Waste via Functional Ionic Liquid Extraction for Effective Battery Recycling. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202201059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Morina
- Department of Materials Science University Milano Bicocca via Cozzi 55 20125 Milano Italy
| | - Daniele Merli
- Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Via Taramelli 16 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Piercarlo Mustarelli
- Department of Materials Science University Milano Bicocca via Cozzi 55 20125 Milano Italy
- National Reference Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage (GISEL) Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia Dei Materiali (INSTM) via Giusti 9 Firenze 50121 Italy
| | - Chiara Ferrara
- Department of Materials Science University Milano Bicocca via Cozzi 55 20125 Milano Italy
- National Reference Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage (GISEL) Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia Dei Materiali (INSTM) via Giusti 9 Firenze 50121 Italy
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Noudeng V, Quan NV, Xuan TD. A Future Perspective on Waste Management of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles in Lao PDR: Current Status and Challenges. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16169. [PMID: 36498242 PMCID: PMC9741469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become a hot topic worldwide because they are not only the best alternative for energy storage systems but also have the potential for developing electric vehicles (EVs) that support greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction and pollution prevention in the transport sector. However, the recent increase in EVs has brought about a rise in demand for LIBs, resulting in a substantial number of used LIBs. The end-of-life (EoL) of batteries is related to issues including, for example, direct disposal of toxic pollutants into the air, water, and soil, which threatens organisms in nature and human health. Currently, there is various research on spent LIB recycling and disposal, but there are no international or united standards for LIB waste management. Most countries have used a single or combination methodology of practices; for instance, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, direct recycling, full or partial combined recycling, and lastly, landfilling for unnecessary waste. However, EoL LIB recycling is not always easy for developing countries due to multiple limitations, which have been problems and challenges from the beginning and may reach into the future. Laos is one such country that might face those challenges and issues in the future due to the increasing trend of EVs. Therefore, this paper intends to provide a future perspective on EoL LIB management from EVs in Laos PDR, and to point out the best approaches for management mechanisms and sustainability without affecting the environment and human health. Significantly, this review compares the current EV LIB management between Laos, neighboring countries, and some developed countries, thereby suggesting appropriate solutions for the future sustainability of spent LIB management in the nation. The Laos government and domestic stakeholders should focus urgently on specific policies and regulations by including the extended producer responsibility (EPR) scheme in enforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vongdala Noudeng
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
- Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Dongnasok-Nong Beuk Road, P.O. Box 7864, Vientiane XHXM+C8M, Laos
| | - Nguyen Van Quan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
| | - Tran Dang Xuan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
- Center for the Planetary Health and Innovation Science (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
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28
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Shi P, Yang S, Wu G, Chen H, Chang D, Jie Y, Fang G, Mo C, Chen Y. Efficient separation and recovery of lithium and manganese from spent lithium-ion batteries powder leaching solution. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.123063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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29
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Xiang J, Wei Y, Zhong Y, Yang Y, Cheng H, Yuan L, Xu H, Huang Y. Building Practical High-Voltage Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200912. [PMID: 35332962 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has long been a global imperative to develop high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to meet the ever-growing electric vehicle market. One of the most effective strategies for boosting the energy density of LIBs is to increase the output voltage, which largely depends upon the cathode materials. As the most-promising cathodes for high-voltage LIBs (>4 V vs Li/Li+ ), four major categories of cathodes including lithium-rich layered oxides, nickel-rich layered oxides, spinel oxides, and high-voltage polyanionic compounds still encounter severe challenges to realize the improvement of output voltage while maintaining high capacity, fast rate capability, and long service life. This review focuses on the key links in the development of high-voltage cathode materials from the lab to industrialization. First, the failure mechanisms of the four kinds of materials are clarified, and the optimization strategies, particularly solutions that are easy for large-scale production, are considered. Then, to bridge the gap between lab and industry, the cost management, safety assessment, practical battery-performance evaluation, and sustainability of the battery technologies, are discussed. Finally, tough challenges and promising strategies for the commercialization of high-voltage cathode materials are summarized to promote the large-scale application of LIBs with high energy densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lixia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Henghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yunhui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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30
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Zhan M, Chen Y. Vehicle Company's Decision-Making to Process Waste Batteries: A Game Research under the Influence of Different Government Subsidy Strategies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13771. [PMID: 36360654 PMCID: PMC9654123 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in the number of waste power batteries and the occurrence of related environmental problems, battery recycling is receiving extensive attention. Driven by economic benefits, many companies have begun to deploy the waste battery processing market and government subsidies also play an essential role in battery recycling. Considering the vehicle company outsources processing tasks or invests in research and development (R&D), this paper studies the optimal decision-making problem of the supply chain under government subsidy to the battery manufacturer or the battery manufacturer. The research finds that: (1) For the government, when the vehicle company outsources processing tasks, compared with subsidizing the vehicle company, the total recycling volume when subsidizing the battery manufacturer is higher. When the vehicle company invests in R&D, the total recycling volume under different government subsidy strategies is equal. (2) The vehicle company's decision is only related to its processing costs; when the unit processing cost is low, the vehicle company's profit under the strategy of investing in R&D is higher. However, when the unit processing cost is high, the profit of outsourcing processing tasks is higher. (3) With increase in unit subsidy and decrease in unit processing cost, the total recycling volume will increase. These findings can provide decision-making help for the government in formulating subsidy policies and the vehicle company in determining processing strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Zhan
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Academy of Chinese Ecological Progress and Forestry Development Studies, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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31
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Wang X, Li X, Fan H, Ma L. Solid Electrolyte Interface in Zn-Based Battery Systems. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:205. [PMID: 36261666 PMCID: PMC9582111 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00939-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Due to its high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g-1), low standard electrode potential (- 0.76 V vs. SHE), excellent stability in aqueous solutions, low cost, environmental friendliness and intrinsically high safety, zinc (Zn)-based batteries have attracted much attention in developing new energy storage devices. In Zn battery system, the battery performance is significantly affected by the solid electrolyte interface (SEI), which is controlled by electrode and electrolyte, and attracts dendrite growth, electrochemical stability window range, metallic Zn anode corrosion and passivation, and electrolyte mutations. Therefore, the design of SEI is decisive for the overall performance of Zn battery systems. This paper summarizes the formation mechanism, the types and characteristics, and the characterization techniques associated with SEI. Meanwhile, we analyze the influence of SEI on battery performance, and put forward the design strategies of SEI. Finally, the future research of SEI in Zn battery system is prospected to seize the nature of SEI, improve the battery performance and promote the large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Longtao Ma
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Salatino P, Chirone R, Clift R. Chemical Engineering and Industrial Ecology: Remanufacturing and Recycling as Process Systems. CAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Salatino
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, and Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili, CNR Italy
| | - Roberto Chirone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, and Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili, CNR Italy
| | - Roland Clift
- Centre for Environment and Sustainability, University of Surrey, UK, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of British Columbia Canada
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33
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Zhang Z, Zhu X, Hou H, Tang L, Xiao J, Zhong Q. Regeneration and utilization of graphite from the spent lithium-ion batteries by modified low-temperature sulfuric acid roasting. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 150:30-38. [PMID: 35792439 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recycling spent graphite in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is crucial for lacking high-quality graphite and environmental protection. Here, an environmentally friendly and economical modified method based on sulfate roasting was proposed to recycle spent graphite via low temperature roasting at 250 °C with sodium fluoride as an assistant additive. Recycling leads to graphite with a high purity of 99.55 % and chemical structures for energy storage. Batteries manufactured in regenerated graphite deliver a high initial charge capacity of 333.9 mAh/g with an initial columbic efficiency of 85.71% and excellent capacity retention of 91.2% after 400 cycles. In addition, the waste produced in the method could be well treated, and by-products 177 g of sodium sulfate would be collected per 1 kg spent graphite and NaF, equivalent to 78.95% of the added amount obtained through wastewater and exhaust gas, respectively. The regenerated sodium fluoride will be re-applied to the recovery spent graphite. The loop-closed method shows great promise for the industrial-scale recycling of spent graphite for energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huiliang Hou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jin Xiao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Refractory Nonferrous Metal Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qifan Zhong
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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34
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Armillotta F, Bidoggia D, Baronio S, Biasin P, Annese A, Scardamaglia M, Zhu S, Bozzini B, Modesti S, Peressi M, Vesselli E. Single Metal Atom Catalysts and ORR: H-Bonding, Solvation, and the Elusive Hydroperoxyl Intermediate. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Armillotta
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Bidoggia
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Baronio
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Pietro Biasin
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Annese
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Suyun Zhu
- MAX IV Laboratory, Fotongatan 8, 224 84 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Silvio Modesti
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Peressi
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Vesselli
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamician, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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35
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Heavy Metal, Waste, COVID-19, and Rapid Industrialization in This Modern Era—Fit for Sustainable Future. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination, waste, and COVID-19 are hazardous to all living things in the environment. This review examined the effects of heavy metals, waste, and COVID-19 on the ecosystem. Scientists and researchers are currently working on ways to extract valuable metals from waste and wastewater. We prefer Tessier sequential extraction for future use for heavy metal pollution in soil. Results indicated that population growth is another source of pollution in the environment. Heavy metal pollution wreaks havoc on soil and groundwater, especially in China. COVID-19 has pros and cons. The COVID-19 epidemic has reduced air pollution in China and caused a significant reduction in CO2 releases globally due to the lockdown but has a harmful effect on human health and the economy. Moreover, COVID-19 brings a huge amount of biomedical waste. COVID-19’s biomedical waste appears to be causing different health issues. On the other hand, it was discovered that recycling has become a new source of pollution in south China. Furthermore, heavy metal contamination is the most severe ecological effect. Likewise, every problem has a remedy to create new waste management and pollution monitoring policy. The construction of a modern recycling refinery is an important aspect of national waste disposal.
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36
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Recovery of Lithium Iron Phosphate by Specific Ultrasonic Cavitation Parameters. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14063390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the widespread use of lithium iron phosphate batteries in various industries, the amount of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries is also increasing year by year, and if not disposed of in a timely manner, will pollute the environment and waste a lot of metal resources. In the composition of lithium iron phosphate batteries, the cathode has an abundance of elements. The ultrasonic method is a crucial method to recover waste LiFePO4 batteries. It has the following disadvantages, such as the lack of empirical parameters and suitable research equipment. In order to overcome the inefficiency of the LiFePO4 recycling method, the airborne bubble dynamical mechanism of ultrasound in the removal of lithium phosphate cathode material was studied by a high-speed photographic observation and Fluent simulation and the disengagement process. Mainly aimed at the parameters such as action time, power, frequency, and action position in the detachment process were optimized. The recovery efficiency of lithium iron phosphate reached 77.7%, and the recovered lithium iron phosphate powder has good electrochemical properties, with the first charge–discharge ratio of up to 145 (mAh)/g. It is shown that the new disengagement process established in this study was adopted for the recovery of waste LiFePO4.
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Abstract
With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry in recent years, the use of lithium batteries is growing rapidly. From 2015 to 2040, the production of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles could reach 0.33 to 4 million tons. It is predicted that a total of 21 million end-of-life lithium battery packs will be generated between 2015 and 2040. Spent lithium batteries can cause pollution to the soil and seriously threaten the safety and property of people. They contain valuable metals, such as cobalt and lithium, which are nonrenewable resources, and their recycling and treatment have important economic, strategic, and environmental benefits. Estimations show that the weight of spent electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries will reach 500,000 tons in 2020. Methods for safely and effectively recycling lithium batteries to ensure they provide a boost to economic development have been widely investigated. This paper summarizes the recycling technologies for lithium batteries discussed in recent years, such as pyrometallurgy, acid leaching, solvent extraction, electrochemical methods, chlorination technology, ammoniation technology, and combined recycling, and presents some views on the future research direction of lithium batteries.
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38
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Resource Availability and Implications for the Development of Plug-In Electric Vehicles. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) have immense potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels, and for smart grid applications. Although a great deal of research is focused on technological limitations that affect PEV battery performance targets, a major and arguably equal concern is the constraint imposed by the finite availability of elements or resources used in the manufacture of PEV batteries. Availability of resources, such as lithium, for batteries is critical to the future of PEVs and is, therefore, a topic that needs attention. This study addresses the issues related to lithium availability and sustainability, particularly supply and demand related to PEVs and the impact on future PEV growth. In this paper, a detailed review of the research on lithium availability for PEV batteries is presented, key challenges are pinpointed and future impacts on PEV technology are outlined.
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