1
|
Lazarski CA, Hanley PJ. Review of flow cytometry as a tool for cell and gene therapy. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:103-112. [PMID: 37943204 PMCID: PMC10872958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Quality control testing and analytics are critical for the development and manufacture of cell and gene therapies, and flow cytometry is a key quality control and analytical assay that is used extensively. However, the technical scope of characterization assays and safety assays must keep apace as the breadth of cell therapy products continues to expand beyond hematopoietic stem cell products into producing novel adoptive immune therapies and gene therapy products. Flow cytometry services are uniquely positioned to support the evolving needs of cell therapy facilities, as access to flow cytometers, new antibody clones and improved fluorochrome reagents becomes more egalitarian. This report will outline the features, logistics, limitations and the current state of flow cytometry within the context of cellular therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Lazarski
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technology for Immunotherapy, Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Patrick J Hanley
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technology for Immunotherapy, Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park IS. The Nuclear DNA Content Determination of 31 Endemic Freshwater Fishes in Korea. Dev Reprod 2021; 25:25-32. [PMID: 33977172 PMCID: PMC8087261 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2021.25.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of the current study was to obtain nuclear DNA content data
among the representatives of the families and subfamilies of 31 endemic fishes
that inhabit river of Korea. DNA contents of 31 endemic species were observed to
rang from 1.5 to 4.8 pg DNA/nucleus. In Cyprinidae, DNA content of
Abbottina springeri (1.5±0.03 pg DNA/nucleus) was
the lowest value and DNA content of Carassius cuvieri
(4.5±0.32 pg DNA/nucleus) was the highest value in all experimental
groups. In Cobitidae, DNA content of Iksookimia longicorpa
(3.9±0.17 pg DNA/nucleus) was the highest value and DNA content of
Orthrias toni (1.5±0.18 pg DNA/nucleus) was the
lowest value in all experimental groups. This study provides new information for
a better understanding of the process of genomic evolution in 31 endemic species
in river of Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In-Seok Park
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang N, Wang H, Zhang R, Niu Z, Zheng S, Zhang Z. C/EBP β Mediates the Aberrant Inflammatory Response and Cell Cycle Arrest in Lps-stimulated Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Regulating NF-κB Pathway. Arch Med Res 2021; 52:603-610. [PMID: 33947580 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The main cause of sepsis-induced Acute kidney injury (AKI) is acute infection after surgery and subsequent progression. However, the mechanism by which AKI is caused and developed from sepsis are not completely known. Herein, we determined the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β) in sepsis-induced AKI METHODS: C/EBP β expression was up or down-regulated in LPS-stimulated human renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro by recombinant adenoviruses or siRNA. Subsequent analyses included the test of TNF-α and IL-6 levels by ELISA, cell cycle assay by flow cytometry. RESULTS C/EBP β was aberrantly expressed in renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells exposed to LPS. C/EBP β overexpression significantly enhanced, but C/EBP β silencing obviously decreased the production and secretion of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 induced by LPS stimulus in HK-2 cells. And the cell cycle arrest of HK-2 cells induced by LPS was also enhanced after C/EBP β overexpression while attenuated after C/EBP β silencing. Consistent pattern of changes in Cyclin D1 and p21 expression were observed in LPS-stimulated HK-2 cells after C/EBP β silencing and C/EBP β overexpression. Additionally, the increased p-NF-κB levels induced by LPS were found to be obviously decreased after C/EBP β silencing in HK-2 cells. And the enhanced TNF-α and IL-6 secretion as well as cell cycle arrest by C/EBP β overexpression were blocked by BAY11-7082 inhibitor of NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS C/EBP β could mediate the LPS-induced aberrant inflammatory response and cell cycle arrest in tubular epithelial cells by NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yang
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xibei Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xibei Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xibei Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zequn Niu
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xibei Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaowei Zheng
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xibei Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengliang Zhang
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xibei Hospital, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gil HW, Lee TH, Han HJ, Park IS. Comparative Analysis of Tissue and Cell Cycle on the Far Eastern Catfish, Silurus asotus between Diploid and Triploid. Dev Reprod 2017; 21:193-204. [PMID: 28785740 PMCID: PMC5532311 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2017.21.2.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The influence of triploidization on histological characteristics of retina, trunk
kidney, liver and midgut tissue, and cell cycle of tail fin and gill tissue in
far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus were analyzed. In the
infertile triploid fish, the nucleus and/or cell size of secondary proximal
tubule cells of trunk kidney, hepatocyte and midgut epithelium are much larger
than those of the corresponding cells in the diploid fish
(P<0.05). However, triploid tissue showed fewer number of
outer nuclear layer in retina and nuclei in secondary proximal tubule of trunk
kidney than those for diploid tissue. The mean percentages of the
Gl-, the S- and the G2+M-phase fractions were 92.5%, 3.2%
and 4.3% in tail fin tissue of diploid, and 93.4%, 2.6% and 4.0% in those of
triploid, respectively. There were no significant differences in the percentages
of each cell cycle fraction between diploid and triploid. The mean percentages
of each phase fractions were 75.1%, 11.1% and 13.8% in gill tissue of diploid
and 85.2%, 8.9% and 5.9% in those of triploid, respectively. The differences of
cell cycle between tail fin tissue and gill tissue were statistically
significant in diploid and triploid (P<0.05). Also, the
differences between diploid and triploid were statistically significant in tail
fin tissue and gill tissue (P<0.05). Cyclin D1 and cyclin E
expressions were not significantly difference between gill tissue and tail fin
tissue, and protein expressions of induced triploid were higher than those of
diploid. Results from this study suggest that some characteristics in the
triploid exhibiting larger cell and nucleus size with fewer number of cell than
diploid can be used as an indicator in the identification of triploidization and
ploidy level in far eastern catfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Gil
- Division of Marine Bioscience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Division of Marine Bioscience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea
| | - Ho Jae Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - In-Seok Park
- Division of Marine Bioscience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zullo KM, Guo Y, Cooke L, Jirau-Serrano X, Mangone M, Scotto L, Amengual JE, Mao Y, Nandakumar R, Cremers S, Duong J, Mahadevan D, O'Connor OA. Aurora A Kinase Inhibition Selectively Synergizes with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor through Cytokinesis Failure in T-cell Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4097-109. [PMID: 25878331 PMCID: PMC4581881 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aurora A kinase (AAK) is expressed exclusively during mitosis, and plays a critical role in centrosome duplication and spindle formation. Alisertib is a highly selective AAK inhibitor that has demonstrated marked clinical activity of alisertib across a spectrum of lymphomas, though particularly in patients with T-cell lymphoma (TCL). We sought to compare and contrast the activity of alisertib in preclinical models of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) and TCL, and identify combinations worthy of clinical study. High-throughput screening of pralatrexate, the proteasome inhibitor (ixazomib), and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (romidepsin) revealed that only romidepsin synergized with alisertib, and only in models of TCL. We discovered that the mechanism of synergy between AAK inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors appears to be mediated through cytokinesis failure. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A high-throughput screening approach was used to identify drugs that were potentially synergistic in combination with alisertib. Live-cell imaging was used to explore the mechanistic basis for the drug: drug interaction between alisertib and romidepsin. An in vivo xenograft TCL model was used to confirm in vitro results. RESULTS In vitro, alisertib exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in BCL and TCL cell lines. Alisertib was synergistic with romidepsin in a T-cell-specific fashion that was confirmed in vivo. Live-cell imaging demonstrated that the combination treatment resulted in profound cytokinesis failure. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly suggest that the combination of alisertib and romidepsin is highly synergistic in TCL through modulation of cytokinesis and merits clinical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Zullo
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yige Guo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Laurence Cooke
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, West Cancer Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Xavier Jirau-Serrano
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael Mangone
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Luigi Scotto
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer E Amengual
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yinghui Mao
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Renu Nandakumar
- Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Serge Cremers
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jimmy Duong
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Daruka Mahadevan
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, West Cancer Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Owen A O'Connor
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wyant T, Estevam J, Yang L, Rosario M. Development and validation of receptor occupancy pharmacodynamic assays used in the clinical development of the monoclonal antibody vedolizumab. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2015; 90:168-76. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wyant
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Company; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Jose Estevam
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Company; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Lili Yang
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Company; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Maria Rosario
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Company; Cambridge Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Flow cytometry is increasingly recognized as an invaluable technology in biomarker research. Owing to its multiparametric nature it can provide highly detailed information on any single cell in a heterogeneous population. Its versatility means it can be conducted in both the preclinical and clinical setting, generating biomarker data that can drive decisions pertaining to dose selection in clinical trials, treatment options for cancer sufferers and even suitability of patients to receive transplants. Most tissue types can be utilized by the flow cytometrist, allowing the technology to be applied to many fields of research, yet consensus still needs to be reached on standardization, regulation and validation of multiparametric flow cytometry assays. In parallel, continual innovation in analysis software to manage the huge datasets that can be generated is also needed. Nevertheless, the flexibility of flow cytometry means that it remains at the forefront of both routine and exploratory biomarker studies.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ritchey L, Ottman R, Roumanos M, Chakrabarti R. A functional cooperativity between Aurora A kinase and LIM kinase1: implication in the mitotic process. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:296-309. [PMID: 22214762 DOI: 10.4161/cc.11.2.18734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase A (Aur-A), a mitotic kinase, regulates initiation of mitosis through centrosome separation and proper assembly of bipolar spindles. LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1), a modulator of actin and microtubule dynamics, is involved in the mitotic process through inactivating phosphorylation of cofilin. Phosphorylated LIMK1 is recruited to the centrosomes during early prophase, where it colocalizes with γ-tubulin. Here, we report a novel functional cooperativity between Aur-A and LIMK1 through mutual phosphorylation. LIMK1 is recruited to the centrosomes during early prophase and then to the spindle poles, where it colocalizes with Aur-A. Aur-A physically associates with LIMK1 and activates it through phosphorylation, which is important for its centrosomal and spindle pole localization. Aur-A also acts as a substrate of LIMK1, and the function of LIMK1 is important for its specific localization and regulation of spindle morphology. Taken together, the novel molecular interaction between these two kinases and their regulatory roles on one another's function may provide new insight on the role of Aur-A in manipulation of actin and microtubular structures during spindle formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ritchey
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|