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Kynø NM, Winger A, Svendsen EJ, Børsting TEA. Social Responsibility and Commitment to Children; Pediatric Nurses' Experiences With Redeployment During the First Wave of COVID-19: A Qualitative Study. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580241238419. [PMID: 38488209 PMCID: PMC10943705 DOI: 10.1177/00469580241238419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 represented a challenge for health care worldwide and led to new tasks and a rethinking of resource use. It was necessary to establish capacity within hospitals and to reassign critical resources between hospitals. This study aimed to explore pediatric nurses' experiences of redeployment, new tasks, and use of specialized competencies during the first wave of COVID-19. An exploratory design, involving qualitative individual interviews with 12 pediatric nurses was used. The analysis resulted in 3 main themes. Firstly, a feeling of social responsibility focused on how pediatric nurses felt committed to use their competencies during the crisis, whether they remained on the pediatric ward or were redeployed. Secondly, fewer children to counterbalance the shortage of pediatric nurses showed how redeployment was offset by fewer pediatric patients. Thirdly, adapting pediatric nursing competencies to new tasks described how the nurses adapted their skills to new tasks either in pediatric or adult wards. The results revealed that pediatric nurses had a social and ethical commitment to society in a crisis. They agreed to be redeployed and take on new tasks but were still concerned about the health and well-being of the children and their families, which led to a sense of ambivalence. They questioned whether their skills were being used appropriately in redeployment to adult wards. Fewer pediatric patients mitigated the workload of the remaining nurses. There is a risk of neglecting the needs of hospitalized children and their families during a pandemic. There was concern that "voluntary coercion" was a counterproductive strategy for reassignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Margrethe Kynø
- Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Uong AM, Cabana MD, Serwint JR, Bernstein CA, Schulte EE. Pediatric Faculty Engagement and Associated Areas of Worklife After a COVID19 Surge. J Healthc Leadersh 2023; 15:375-383. [PMID: 38046535 PMCID: PMC10693203 DOI: 10.2147/jhl.s410797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Healthcare organizations strive to increase physician engagement and decrease attrition. However, little is known about which specific worklife areas may be targeted to improve physician engagement or retention, especially after stressful events such as a COVID19 surge. Our objective was to identify demographic characteristics and worklife areas most associated with increased physician engagement and decreased intent to leave in pediatric faculty. Patients and Methods In September 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of faculty at an academic, tertiary-care children's hospital. A convenience and voluntary sampling approach was used. The survey included demographics, Maslach Burnout Index-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) and the Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS). The MBI-HSS was used to measure faculty engagement. The AWS measures satisfaction with six worklife areas (workload, control, reward, fairness, community, values). We used bivariate analyses to examine relationships between worklife areas and engagement and between worklife areas and intent to leave. We included multivariate logistic regression models to examine worklife areas most associated with increased work engagement and decreased intent to leave. Results Our response rate was 41% (113/274 participants). In bivariate analysis, engaged faculty reported higher satisfaction in all worklife areas. In multivariate analyses, positive perceptions of workload (odds ratio (OR) 2.83; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-6.9), control (OR, 3.24; 95% CI 1.4-7.3), and community (OR, 6.07; 95% CI 1.9-18.7) were associated with engagement. Positive perceptions of values (OR, 0.07; 95% CI 0.02-0.32) and community (OR, 0.19; 95% CI 0.05-0.78) were negatively associated with intent to leave. Conclusion We found that positive perceptions of workload, control, and community were most associated with engagement. Alignment of values and increased sense of community were associated with decreased intent to leave. Our findings suggest specific worklife areas may be targeted to increase faculty engagement and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Uong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Michael D Cabana
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Janet R Serwint
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carol A Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Elaine E Schulte
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Grimsley EA, Janjua HM, Read MD, Kuo PC. COVID-Induced Alterations in Surgical Care and Outcomes in Perforated Diverticulitis. Am Surg 2023; 89:3721-3726. [PMID: 37144565 DOI: 10.1177/00031348231173935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 caused healthcare systems to significantly alter processes of care. Literature on the pandemic's effect on healthcare processes and resulting surgical outcomes is lacking. This study aims to determine outcomes of open colectomy in patients with perforated diverticulitis during the pandemic. METHODS Using CDC data, the highest and lowest COVID mortality rates were calculated and used to establish 9-month COVID-heavy (CH) and COVID-light (CL) timeframes, respectively. Nine-months of 2019 were assigned as pre-COVID (PC) control. Florida AHCA database was utilized for patient-level data. Primary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), morbidity, and in-hospital mortality. Stepwise regression with 10-fold cross-validation determined factors most impacting outcomes. A parallel analysis excluding COVID-positive patients was performed to differentiate COVID-infection from processes of care. RESULTS There were 3862 patients in total. COVID-positive patients had longer LOS, more intensive care unit admissions, and higher morbidity and mortality. After excluding 105 COVID-positive patients, individual outcomes were not different per timeframe. Regression showed timeframe did not affect primary outcomes. DISCUSSION Outcomes following colectomy for perforated diverticulitis were worse for COVID-positive patients. Despite increased stress on the healthcare system during the pandemic, major outcomes were unchanged for COVID-negative patients. Our results indicate that despite COVID-associated changes in processes of care, acute care surgery can still be performed in COVID-negative patients without increased mortality and minimal change in morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Grimsley
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Haroon M Janjua
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Meagan D Read
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Paul C Kuo
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Odetola FO, Carlton EF, Dews A, Anspach RR, Evans MC, Howell JD, Keenan H, Kolovos NS, Levin AB, Mendelson J, Ushay HM, Yager PH. A Tale of 8 Cities: Pediatric Critical Care Redeployment to Adult Care During Wave 1 of COVID-19. Hosp Pediatr 2023; 13:822-832. [PMID: 37646091 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric hospital resources including critical care faculty (intensivists) redeployed to provide care to adults in adult ICUs or repurposed PICUs during wave 1 of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. OBJECTIVES To determine the magnitude of pediatric hospital resource redeployment and the experience of pediatric intensivists who redeployed to provide critical care to adults with COVID-19. METHODS A mixed methods study was conducted at 9 hospitals in 8 United States cities where pediatric resources were redeployed to provide care to critically ill adults with COVID-19. A survey of redeployed pediatric hospital resources and semistructured interviews of 40 redeployed pediatric intensivists were simultaneously conducted. Quantitative data were summarized as median (interquartile range) values. RESULTS At study hospitals, there was expansion in adult ICU beds from a baseline median of 100 (86-107) to 205 (108-250). The median proportion (%) of redeployed faculty (88; 66-100), nurses (46; 10-100), respiratory therapists (48; 18-100), invasive ventilators (72; 0-100), and PICU beds (71; 0-100) was substantial. Though driven by a desire to help, faculty were challenged by unfamiliar ICU settings and culture, lack of knowledge of COVID-19 and fear of contracting it, limited supplies, exhaustion, and restricted family visitation. They recommended deliberate preparedness with interprofessional collaboration and cross-training, and establishment of a robust supply chain infrastructure for future public health emergencies and will redeploy again if asked. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric resource redeployment was substantial and pediatric intensivists faced formidable challenges yet would readily redeploy again.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folafoluwa O Odetola
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
- Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Erin F Carlton
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
- Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alyssa Dews
- Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Renee R Anspach
- Department of Sociology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Melissa C Evans
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Joy D Howell
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Heather Keenan
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nikoleta S Kolovos
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Amanda B Levin
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jenny Mendelson
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - H Michael Ushay
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Phoebe H Yager
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Hill K, McCabe C, Brenner M. Impact of adapting paediatric intensive care units for adult care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068174. [PMID: 37640456 PMCID: PMC10462976 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives were to categorise the evidence, map out the existing studies and explore what was known about the organisation of paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) during the first 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, this review set out to identify any knowledge gaps in the literature and recommend areas for future research. DESIGN Scoping review. METHODS This study used Arksey and O'Malley's six-stage scoping review framework. A comprehensive search was conducted using the following databases, CINAHL Complete; MEDLINE; PsycINFO; PsycARTICLES and EMBASE and grey literature search engines. A search strategy with predefined inclusion criteria was used to uncover relevant research in this area. Screening and data collection were done in duplicate. RESULTS 47 631 articles were obtained through searching. However, only 25 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Three dominant themes emerged from the literature: (1) the reorganisation of space for managing increased capacity; (2) increased staffing and support; and (3) the resulting challenges. CONCLUSION COVID-19 has strained institutional resources across the globe. To relieve the burden on intensive care units (ICUs), some PICUs adjusted their units to care for critically ill adults, with other PICUs making significant changes, including the redeployment of staff to adult ICUs to provide extra care for adults. Overall, PICUs were collectively well equipped to care for adult patients, with care enhanced by implementing elements of holistic, family-centred PICU practices. The pandemic fostered a collaborative approach among PICU teams and wider hospital communities. However, specific healthcare guidelines had to be created to safely care for adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Hill
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine McCabe
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Brenner
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Shi S, Liu R, Yu H, Xiang L, Lu H. Experience of Pediatric Nurses in Parent-Child Isolation Units of COVID-19 Designated Hospitals: A Qualitative Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:1273-1285. [PMID: 37456826 PMCID: PMC10349601 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s404980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The omicron pandemic in Shanghai has created unprecedented challenges for pediatric medical institutions, and the work of pediatric nurses has changed rapidly due to the introduction of parent-child treatment. This study aimed to explore the experiences of pediatric nurses in the parent-child isolation unit of COVID-19-designated hospitals and provide a basis for developing feasible interventions as the next step. Methods Using phenomenological research methods, 12 nurses working in the parent-child isolation unit of Shanghai Children's Medical Center affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from April 1, 2022, to June 15, 2022, were selected by purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews and data analysis were conducted using Colaizzi's 7-step analysis. Results Data analysis revealed three major themes and 11 subthemes. The main themes were "risk factors", "protection factors", and "resilience strategies". The sub-themes were "challenge of caring for both adults and children simultaneously", "lack of adult expertise leads to inadequate coping skills", "change in the care population increased communication difficulties", "physical and psychological distress", "social support", "social recognition", "awareness of responsibilities and roles", "team coming together", "hunger for knowledge", "health promotion", and "psychological adjustment strategies". Conclusion Hospital managers should optimize hospital management strategies, pay attention to multi-departmental and multidisciplinary team cooperation, reduce the burden on pediatric nurses, improve the work and rest environment, mobilize the hospital support system, and maintain nurse's physical and mental health, establish a warm parent-child isolation unit encourages nurses to listen to the patients' voices and adopt diversified communication methods, and strengthen the publicity of the nursing profession, improve social support and recognition, and enhance the sense of self-worth and mission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songsong Shi
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiying Yu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Long Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Darchen F, Audouin H, Berger M, Juin-Leonard V. The experiences of pediatric nurses deployed to adult COVID-19 wards. Arch Pediatr 2023; 30:179-186. [PMID: 36804355 PMCID: PMC9905098 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus pandemic created an unprecedented deployment of health professionals. The objective of this study was to describe the experiences of pediatric nurses transferred to adult COVID-19 wards during the first wave of the pandemic. METHODS We performed a qualitative study using a phenomenological approach. Nurses were recruited on a voluntary basis. All participants moved from a pediatric ward and were redeployed to an adult COVID-19 ward in another hospital. Interviews were carried out face to face in line with social-distancing guidelines. We used a script of open-end questions. The interviews were recorded and transcribed in full and qualitative data were analyzed using NVivo software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In total, 23 nurses were interviewed. Our analysis revealed positive and negative experiences given the different types of support the nurses received, individual attitudes that promoted resilience in a crisis situation, ethical conflicts linked to end-of-life care, and their perspectives on the next wave of the pandemic. The main difficulties encountered by the transferred nurses were related to their working conditions and safety, communication about working practices, and end-of-life patient care. In most cases, the individual resilience strategies put in place and the different forms of social support enabled them to cope with stress and maintain their commitment. However, some interviewees would have benefited from improved managerial support. For all participants, their perception of this support and the benefits of their experience influenced their willingness to be transferred to an adult ward again during a future wave of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Darchen
- AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - H Audouin
- AP-HP, University Hospitals Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France
| | - M Berger
- AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
| | - V Juin-Leonard
- AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
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Gandora S, Robbins N, Mulkey D. Expanding pediatric services to include adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 68:68-73. [PMID: 36707148 PMCID: PMC9875860 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During COVID-19, pediatric hospital admissions decreased, leaving many inpatient pediatric units at reduced capacity. Pediatric units could be adapted for use as inpatient beds for adult patients. AIMS The specific aims were to describe the rapid expansion of pediatric services to include adult patients and examine the characteristics of adult patients treated and managed by pediatric providers and nurses. METHODS This quality improvement project used a plan-do-study-act cycle to evaluate project implementation and effectiveness with cycle changes. Adults age 19 to 30 were admitted to the pediatric unit. Process, outcome, and balancing measures were used as measurements. RESULTS A total of 88 adult patients were admitted. No rapid responses were called during the intervention period. The number of adverse safety events were compared ten months prior to the ten months post intervention and was not statistically significant (p = 0.194). CONCLUSION This project serves as a model for other pediatric medical-surgical units and PICUs to rapidly develop a plan to serve adult patients, whether amid the COVID-19 pandemic or adult patients with chronic childhood disorders. These results suggest that pediatric staff can safely care for adults when a pediatric team structure and familiar environment are maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gandora
- Women and Children's Services, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, United States of America.
| | - Nicole Robbins
- Women and Children's Services, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, United States of America.
| | - David Mulkey
- Nursing Education and Research Department, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, United States of America.
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McGuinness SL, Josphin J, Eades O, Clifford S, Fisher J, Kirkman M, Russell G, Hodgson CL, Kelsall HL, Lane R, Skouteris H, Smith KL, Leder K. Organizational responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria, Australia: A qualitative study across four healthcare settings. Front Public Health 2022; 10:965664. [PMID: 36249244 PMCID: PMC9557753 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.965664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Organizational responses that support healthcare workers (HCWs) and mitigate health risks are necessary to offset the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to understand how HCWs and key personnel working in healthcare settings in Melbourne, Australia perceived their employing organizations' responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Method In this qualitative study, conducted May-July 2021 as part of the longitudinal Coronavirus in Victorian Healthcare and Aged Care Workers (COVIC-HA) study, we purposively sampled and interviewed HCWs and key personnel from healthcare organizations across hospital, ambulance, aged care and primary care (general practice) settings. We also examined HCWs' free-text responses to a question about organizational resources and/or supports from the COVIC-HA Study's baseline survey. We thematically analyzed data using an iterative process. Results We analyzed data from interviews with 28 HCWs and 21 key personnel and free-text responses from 365 HCWs, yielding three major themes: navigating a changing and uncertain environment, maintaining service delivery during a pandemic, and meeting the safety and psychological needs of staff . HCWs valued organizational efforts to engage openly and honesty with staff, and proactive responses such as strategies to enhance workplace safety (e.g., personal protective equipment spotters). Suggestions for improvement identified in the themes included streamlined information processes, greater involvement of HCWs in decision-making, increased investment in staff wellbeing initiatives and sustainable approaches to strengthen the healthcare workforce. Conclusions This study provides in-depth insights into the challenges and successes of organizational responses across four healthcare settings in the uncertain environment of a pandemic. Future efforts to mitigate the impact of acute stressors on HCWs should include a strong focus on bidirectional communication, effective and realistic strategies to strengthen and sustain the healthcare workforce, and greater investment in flexible and meaningful psychological support and wellbeing initiatives for HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. McGuinness
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: Sarah L. McGuinness
| | - Johnson Josphin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Owen Eades
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sharon Clifford
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane Fisher
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maggie Kirkman
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Grant Russell
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carol L. Hodgson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen L. Kelsall
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Riki Lane
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen L. Smith
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karin Leder
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Kida R, Takemura Y, Inoue M, Ichikawa N, Koyanagi H. Nursing management for temporary lodging facilities in Japan in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: A multiple-case study. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2022; 20:e12507. [PMID: 35920351 PMCID: PMC9538801 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Temporary lodging facilities which were non-medical facilities were established to secure beds for severely and moderately ill patients with COVID-19, as well as for isolation, non-contact observation, and care of mildly ill and asymptomatic patients in Japan. This study aims to understand nursing management practices adopted in these facilities by examining cases of their establishment and operation. METHODS A multiple-case study design was used. Interviews for qualitative data collection were conducted from August to October 2020. After analyzing the nursing management practices in four temporary lodging facilities, common points were collated and integrated. RESULTS For the establishment and operation of temporary lodging facilities, a three-layer structure based on disaster management methods was adopted: headquarters at the helm as overseers, field supervisors in the middle, and frontline nursing staff at the base. The structure had clear roles, facilitated information exchange, and provided efficient and effective nursing care. Field supervisors mainly provided psychological and clinical support for staff and served as information and interprofessional hubs. CONCLUSION It is recommended that temporary lodging facilities should be organized based on principles of the division of labor. The workforce should comprise nursing staff, and experienced nursing professionals should be recruited to the higher echelons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Kida
- Department of Nursing Administration, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yukie Takemura
- Nursing DepartmentThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Maho Inoue
- Department of Nursing Administration, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Naoko Ichikawa
- Department of Nursing Administration, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroe Koyanagi
- Research Center for Implementation Nursing Science Initiative, School of Health ScienceFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
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Fawcett K, Stimell-Rauch M, Wagh A, Fenster D, Kessler D, DePeter K, Kim JW, Lame M, Sonnett M, Bregstein J. Pediatric Emergency Physicians’ Comfort Level Providing Urgent Care for Adults on Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience at an Academic Medical Center. Cureus 2022; 14:e26145. [PMID: 35891853 PMCID: PMC9303847 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Our objectives were to assess the comfort level of pediatric emergency physicians (PEPs) providing urgent care to adult patients on telemedicine (APOTM) when redeployed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, how it changed over time, and what resources were helpful. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective pre-post cross-sectional survey of PEPs providing urgent care to APOTM with COVID-19 symptoms during the COVID-19 surge from March 12, 2020, to June 12, 2020 (the "care period") at two academic pediatric emergency departments in New York City. A retrospective chart review was also conducted. We include data on demographics of PEPs and adult patients; comfort level of PEPs providing urgent care to APOTM with COVID-19 symptoms pre- and post-three-month care period and effective resources. Results: Sixty-five PEPs provided urgent care to 1515 APOTM with COVID-19 symptoms during the care period. Pre-pandemic, 22/43 (51%) of responders feared caring for APOTM; 6/43 (14%) were comfortable. At the end of the care period, 25/42 (58%) of the responders stated they were comfortable caring for these patients. Factors associated with increased comfort level were: increased volume of patients over time, treatment algorithms, group support via electronic communication, and real-time back-up by a general emergency medicine (GEM) physician. Reduced medicolegal liability was also cited. Conclusion: With minimal additional training and resources, PEPs can increase their comfort to provide urgent care to APOTM with COVID-19 symptoms. As future pandemics may disproportionately affect certain patient populations (adults versus pediatrics), interventions such as treatment algorithms, group support via emails and texts, and sub-specialty backup should be incorporated into redeployment plans for urgent care telemedicine programs. Future research is needed to determine the adaptability of other medical specialties to cross-cover a different specialty from their own if needed.
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Rojas L, Hernández Vargas JA, Trujillo-Cáceres SJ, Romero Guevara SL. Contribution of nursing research to fighting against COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review. REVISTA CUIDARTE 2022. [DOI: 10.15649/cuidarte.2545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, should be an opportunity to ensure greater visibility of nursing in health systems and society worldwide. Objective: Review and synthesize the patterns on COVID-19 and nursing research, identifying the main journals, country of origin, language, topics, designs, and area of applicability of the results. Materials and Methods: Systematic review. Searches in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, and EMBASE databases (from the inception of the pandemic to May 15, 2020) were performed. Articles of any language related were related to SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 disease and nursing in any of its roles (care, management, education, among others) and using any epidemiological design or a scientific report were included. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The main findings from the included studies were summarized through narrative synthesis and descriptive tables. The characteristics of the studies were presented as absolute values and proportions. Results: Three hundred and sixty-five articles were assessed for eligibility. Thirty-eight were included, published in 28 journals. Of those, 53.57% (n=15) were nursing specific. Most articles were “narrative reviews”, accounting for 23.68% (n=9). Most studies were conducted in China (n=18, 47.37%), followed by the United Kingdom and the United States. Thirty-four (89.47%) articles were published in English, followed by Portuguese and Chinese. We identified five areas of application of the results, and the most frequent was the “clinical” setting with 47.00% (n=18). Discussion: These findings are crucial to give visibility to nursing work during the emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health was the main research topic, while the clinical setting concentrates the major number of articles. This pattern was aligned with the challenges of the initial phase of the pandemic. Conclusion: Future research should explore the current state of evidence in the main topics identified in this review and continue to give visibility to work carried out by nursing in the emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Hill K, McCabe C, Brenner M. Organisation of care in paediatric intensive care units during the first 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054398. [PMID: 35613808 PMCID: PMC9133726 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The emergence of COVID-19 has had a significant impact on hospital services, particularly care delivered to those in intensive care units (ICUs) and paediatric ICUs (PICUs) across the world. Although much has been written about healthcare delivery and the healthcare setting since COVID-19 began, to the authors' knowledge, this is the first scoping review to investigate the organisation of care and changes implemented in PICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to conduct a scoping review of the literature to map out the existing studies about care delivery in PICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic and the changes made to the organisation of care in these units during the first 18 months of the pandemic. This review will also identify gaps in current knowledge in this area. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will be guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for scoping reviews, using Arksey and O'Malley's six-stage scoping review framework: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) selecting the studies; (4) data charting; (5) collating, summarising and reporting results; and (6) consulting with experts. A comprehensive search will be conducted using the following databases: CINAHL Complete; MEDLINE; PsycINFO; PsycARTICLES and EMBASE. A search strategy with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria will be used to uncover relevant research in this area. This study will include quantitative, qualitative and mixed research methods studies published in English from 2019 to May 2021. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required for this scoping review. The results from this study will be disseminated through conferences and in peer-reviewed academic journals for those working in the healthcare arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Hill
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine McCabe
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Brenner
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Castagna F, Xue X, Saeed O, Kataria R, Puius YA, Patel SR, Garcia MJ, Racine AD, Sims DB, Jorde UP. Hospital bed occupancy rate is an independent risk factor for COVID-19 inpatient mortality: a pandemic epicentre cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058171. [PMID: 35168984 PMCID: PMC8852235 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 first struck New York City in the spring of 2020, resulting in an unprecedented strain on our healthcare system and triggering multiple changes in public health policy governing hospital operations as well as therapeutic approaches to COVID-19. We examined inpatient mortality at our centre throughout the course of the pandemic. METHODS This is a retrospective chart review of clinical characteristics, treatments and outcome data of all patients admitted with COVID-19 from 1 March 2020 to 28 February 2021. Patients were grouped into 3-month quartiles. Hospital strain was assessed as per cent of occupied beds based on a normal bed capacity of 1491. RESULTS Inpatient mortality decreased from 25.0% in spring to 10.8% over the course of the year. During this time, use of remdesivir, steroids and anticoagulants increased; use of hydroxychloroquine and other antibiotics decreased. Daily bed occupancy ranged from 62% to 118%. In a multivariate model with all year's data controlling for demographics, comorbidities and acuity of illness, percentage of bed occupancy was associated with increased 30-day in-hospital mortality of patients with COVID-19 (0.7% mortality increase for each 1% increase in bed occupancy; HR 1.007, CI 1.001 to 1.013, p=0.004) CONCLUSION: Inpatient mortality from COVID-19 was associated with bed occupancy. Early reduction in epicentre hospital bed occupancy to accommodate acutely ill and resource-intensive patients should be a critical component in the strategic planning for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Castagna
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Omar Saeed
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Rachna Kataria
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yoram A Puius
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Snehal R Patel
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Mario J Garcia
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Andrew D Racine
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Daniel B Sims
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ulrich P Jorde
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
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15
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Rikin S, Perez HR, Zhang C, Khalid L, Groeger J, Deng Y, Starrels JL. Changes in Outpatient Opioid Prescribing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221076926. [PMID: 35142228 PMCID: PMC8841901 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221076926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Changes in health care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted opioid prescribing. This study evaluated the impact of restrictions on in-person care on opioid prescribing in the outpatient setting. The hypothesis was that after restrictions to in-person care were implemented, there would be a reduction in the number of chronic and non-chronic opioid prescriptions. Methods: An interrupted time series analysis was conducted to compare the number of weekly opioid prescriptions between baseline (1/1/2019-3/14/2020), restriction (3/15/2020-6/6/2020), and reopening (6/7/2020-10/31/2020) periods at outpatient practices within a health system in Bronx, NY. Analyses were stratified by prescription type (chronic if the patient had been prescribed opioids for >90 days, or non-chronic). Results: For chronic opioid prescriptions, the week restrictions were implemented, there was an increase in the number of prescriptions compared to what was predicted if there had been no interruption (34.8 prescriptions, 95% CI: 8.0, 61.7). Subsequently, the weekly trend in prescribing was not different in the restriction period or in the reopening period compared to the previous time periods. For non-chronic opioid prescriptions, during the restriction period, the weekly trend in prescribing decreased compared to baseline (−5.0 prescriptions/week, 95% CI: −9.0, −1.0). Subsequently, during the reopening period, the weekly trend in prescribing increased compared to the restriction period (6.4 prescriptions/week, 95% CI: 2.2, 10.7). Conclusions: Despite abrupt restrictions on in-person care, chronic opioid prescriptions did not decrease, which is evidence that providers evolved to meet patient needs. Changes in non-chronic prescriptions are likely related to patients electing not to pursue care for acute pain or challenges with appointment availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Rikin
- Montefiore Medical Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hector R Perez
- Montefiore Medical Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Chenshu Zhang
- Montefiore Medical Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Laila Khalid
- Montefiore Medical Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Justina Groeger
- Montefiore Medical Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yuting Deng
- Montefiore Medical Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joanna L Starrels
- Montefiore Medical Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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16
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Daboval T, Williams C, Albersheim SG. Pandemic planning: Developing a triage framework for Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Pediatr Neonatol 2022; 63:5-12. [PMID: 34426083 PMCID: PMC8327634 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the Covid-19 pandemic has not had a direct impact on neonates so far, it has raised concerns about resource distribution and showed that planning is required before the next crisis or pandemic. Resource allocation must consider unique Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) attributes, including physical space and equipment that may not be transferable to older populations, unique skills of NICU staff, inherent uncertainty in prognosis both antenatally and postnatally, possible biases against neonates, and the future pandemic disease's possible impact on neonates. We identified the need for a validated Neonatal Severity of Illness Prognostic Score to guide triage decisions. Based on this score, triage decisions are the responsibility of an informed triage team not involved in direct patient care. Support for the distress experienced by parents and staff is needed. This paper presents essential considerations in developing a practical framework for resources and triage in the NICU before, during and after a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Daboval
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Connie Williams
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Susan G. Albersheim
- Division of Neonatology, Children's and Women's Hospitals of British Columbia and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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17
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Uong AM, Cabana MD, Serwint JR, Bernstein CA, Schulte EE. Changes in Pediatric Faculty Burnout During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Hosp Pediatr 2021; 11:hpeds.2021-006045. [PMID: 34808669 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2021-006045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated workflow changes, such as deployment on pediatric faculty burnout in an early epicenter of the pandemic. We hypothesized burnout would increase during the COVID-19 surge. METHODS We conducted serial cross-sectional surveys of pediatric faculty at an academic, tertiary-care children's hospital that experienced a COVID-19 surge in the Northeastern United States. Surveys were administered pre-surge (February 2020), during the surge (April 2020), and postsurge (September 2020). The primary outcome was burnout prevalence. We also measured areas of worklife scores. We compared responses between all 3 survey periods. Continuous variables were analyzed by using Student's t or Mann-Whitney tests, and categorical variables were analyzed by using χ2 or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. RESULTS Our response rate was 89 of 223 (40%) presurge, 100 of 267 (37%) during the surge, and 113 of 275 (41%) postsurge. There were no differences in demographics, including sex, race, and academic rank between survey periods. Frequency of burnout was similar in all 3 periods (20% to 26%). The mean scores of emotional exhaustion improved during the surge (2.25 to 1.9; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no changes in pediatric faculty burnout after a COVID-19 surge. Emotional exhaustion improved during the COVID-19 surge. However, these findings represent short-term responses to the COVID-19 surge. Longer-term monitoring of the impact of the COVID-19 surge on pediatric faculty burnout may be necessary for health care organizations to mitigate burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Uong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Michael D Cabana
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Janet R Serwint
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carol A Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Elaine E Schulte
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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18
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Winn AS, Myers R, Grow HM, Hilgenberg S, Lieberman R, Naifeh MM, Unaka NI, Schwartz A. Pediatric Resident Perspectives on the Impact of COVID-19 on Training. Hosp Pediatr 2021; 11:hpeds.2021-005994. [PMID: 34808671 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2021-005994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES At the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, disruptions to pediatric care and training were immediate and significant. We sought to understand the impact of the pandemic on residency training from the perspective of pediatric residents. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of categorical pediatric residents at US training programs at the end of the 2019-2020 academic year. This voluntary survey included questions that explored the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on resident training experiences, postresidency employment plans, and attitudes and perceptions. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and mixed-effects regression models. We performed a sensitivity analysis using respondents from programs with a >40% response rate for questions regarding resident attitudes and perceptions. RESULTS Residents from 127 of 201 training programs (63.2%) completed the survey, with a response rate of 18.9% (1141 of 6032). Respondents reported multiple changes to their training experience including rotation schedule adjustments, clinic cancellations, and an increase in the use of telemedicine. Respondents also reported inconsistent access to personal protective equipment and increased involvement in the care of adult patients. Graduating resident respondents reported concerns related to employment. Respondents also noted a negative impact on their personal wellness. CONCLUSIONS Responding residents reported that nearly every aspect of their training was impacted by the pandemic. Describing their experiences may help residency program and hospital leaders supplement missed educational experiences, better support residents through the remaining months of the pandemic, and better prepare for extraordinary circumstances in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel S Winn
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ross Myers
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital and School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - H Mollie Grow
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sarah Hilgenberg
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital and School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Rhett Lieberman
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Monique M Naifeh
- Section of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Ndidi I Unaka
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Alan Schwartz
- Departments of Medical Education and Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Association of Pediatric Program Directors Longitudinal Educational Assessment Research Network, McLean, Virginia
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19
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Foster L, Choxi S, Rosenberg RE, Tracy J, Toscano D, Betancur Paez J, Glick AF. Meds to Beds: A Quality Improvement Approach to Optimizing the Discharge Medication Process for Pediatric Patients. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2021; 48:92-100. [PMID: 34740550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using an on-site pharmacy or medication to bedside (MTB) program allows patients to obtain prescriptions and education before discharge, potentially improving adherence and preventing harm. The aim of this project was to improve discharge processes for pediatric acute care patients by increasing the proportion of oral antibiotics (1) prescribed to the on-site pharmacy from 15% to 70% and (2) delivered to bedside from 0% to 50%. METHODS The Model for Improvement was used to iteratively implement interventions: increased on-site pharmacy capabilities, MTB program creation and streamlined enrollment, and secure electronic health record (EHR) messaging between clinicians and pharmacy staff regarding prescriptions. Process measures were proportion of antibiotics prescribed to the on-site pharmacy and delivered to bedside. Outcomes included surveys of family satisfaction with discharge medication education and discharge medication-related safety reports. Discharge before noon (DBN) was the balancing measure. Aims were analyzed using statistical process control charts and chi-square tests. RESULTS A total of 1,908 antibiotics were prescribed over 28-months. On-site pharmacy prescriptions increased from 15% to 46% after pharmacy capabilities increased, then to 86% after MTB program launch, optimized workflow, and initiation of EHR messaging. Bedside medication delivery increased from 0% to 58% with these interventions. Family satisfaction with discharge medication education and frequency of discharge medication-related safety reports was not significantly different pre- and postintervention. DBN varied throughout the study. CONCLUSION Through clinician and pharmacy staff partnership, this initiative increased on-site pharmacy use and discharge antibiotics delivered to bedside. Key interventions included increased pharmacy capabilities, MTB program with streamlined workflow, and EHR-based communication.
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20
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Crain MA, Bush AL, Hayanga H, Boyle A, Unger M, Ellison M, Ellison P. Healthcare Leadership in the COVID-19 Pandemic: From Innovative Preparation to Evolutionary Transformation. J Healthc Leadersh 2021; 13:199-207. [PMID: 34522150 PMCID: PMC8434849 DOI: 10.2147/jhl.s319829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In pandemics, centralized healthcare leadership is a critical requirement. The objective of this study was to analyze the early development, operation, and effectiveness of a COVID-19 organizational leadership team and transformation of healthcare services at West Virginia University Hospitals and Health System (WVUHS). The analysis focused on how Kotter’s Leading Change eight-stage paradigm could contribute to an understanding of the determinants of successful organizational change in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The fifteen core leaders of WVUHS COVID-19 strategic system were interviewed. A qualitative thematic analysis of the interviews was used to evaluate key aspects of leadership dynamics and system-wide changes in healthcare policies and protocols to contain the pandemic. Outcome measures included the degree to which WVUHS could handle and contain COVID-19 cases as well as COVID-19 death and vaccination rates in West Virginia compared with other states. Results The leadership team radically and rapidly revamped nearly all healthcare policies, procedures, and protocols for WVUHS hospitals and clinics, and launched a Hospital Incident Command System. As a result of this effective leadership team and strategic plan, WVUHS surge capacity was adequate for COVID-19 cases. In addition, West Virginia was an early frontrunner in COVID-19 vaccination rates as well as lower death rates. Conclusion WVUHS’s leadership response to the COVID-19 pandemic followed Kotter’s eight-stage paradigm for Leading Change in organizations, including the establishment of a sense of urgency, formation of a powerful guiding coalition, creation of a vision, communication of the vision, empowerment of others to act on the vision, plan for and creation of short-term wins, consolidation of improvements and production of more changes, and institutionalization of new approaches. This approach was effective in limiting the spread and impact of COVID-19 within the hospital network and across the state, with many lessons learned along the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Crain
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Amy L Bush
- West Virginia University Medicine Children's Hospital, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Heather Hayanga
- Department of Anesthesiology, West Virginia University Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Annelee Boyle
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, West Virginia University Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Merv Unger
- Department of Anesthesiology, West Virginia University Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Matthew Ellison
- Department of Anesthesiology, West Virginia University Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Pavithra Ellison
- Department of Anesthesiology, West Virginia University Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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21
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Penwill NY, Roessler De Angulo N, Pathak PR, Ja C, Elster MJ, Hochreiter D, Newton JM, Wilson KM, Kaiser SV. Changes in pediatric hospital care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:953. [PMID: 34511079 PMCID: PMC8435183 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated rapid changes in healthcare delivery in the United States, including changes in the care of hospitalized children. The objectives of this study were to identify major changes in healthcare delivery for hospitalized children during the COVID-19 pandemic, identify lessons learned from these changes, and compare and contrast the experiences of children’s and community hospitals. Methods We purposefully sampled participants from both community and children’s hospitals serving pediatric patients in the six U.S. states with the highest COVID-19 hospitalization rates at the onset of the pandemic. We recruited 2–3 participants from each hospital (mix of administrators, front-line physicians, nurses, and parents/caregivers) for semi-structured interviews. We analyzed interview data using constant comparative methods to identify major themes. Results We interviewed 30 participants from 12 hospitals. Participants described how leaders rapidly developed new hospital policies (e.g., directing use of personal protective equipment) and how this was facilitated by reviewing internal and external data frequently and engaging all relevant stakeholders. Hospital leaders optimized communication through regular, transparent, multi-modal, and bi-directional communication. Clinicians increased use of videoconference and telehealth to facilitate physical distancing, but these technologies may have disadvantaged non-English speakers. Due to declining volumes of hospitalized children and surges of adult patients, clinicians newly provided care for hospitalized adults. This was facilitated by developing care teams supported by adult hospitalists, multidisciplinary support via videoconference, and educational resources. Participants described how the pandemic negatively impacted clinicians’ mental health, and they stressed the importance of mental health resources and wellness activities/spaces. Conclusions We identified several major changes in inpatient pediatric care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic, including the adoption of new hospital policies, video communication, staffing models, education strategies, and staff mental health supports. We outline important lessons learned, including strategies for successfully developing new policies, effectively communicating with staff, and supporting clinicians’ expanding scope of practice. Potentially important focus areas in pandemic recovery include assessing and supporting clinicians’ mental health and well-being, re-evaluating trainees’ skills/competencies, and adapting educational strategies as needed. These findings can help guide hospital leaders in supporting pandemic recovery and addressing future crises. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06947-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Y Penwill
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Nadia Roessler De Angulo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Priya R Pathak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Clairissa Ja
- University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Martha J Elster
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Daniela Hochreiter
- Lawrence and Memorial Hospital, 365 Montauk Ave, New London, CT, 06320, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Newton
- Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Karen M Wilson
- The Kravis Children's Hospital at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sunitha V Kaiser
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, 3333 California St, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
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22
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Lulgjuraj D, Hubner T, Radzinski N, Hopkins U. Everyone is Someone's Child: The Experiences of Pediatric Nurses Caring for Adult COVID-19 Patients. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 60:198-206. [PMID: 34229296 PMCID: PMC8221001 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During the COVID-19 pandemic, pediatric nurses at one medical center in New York assumed care of COVID-19 adult patients. The purpose of this study was to understand pediatric nurses' experiences during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, when they were caring for patients outside of their usual practice. DESIGN AND METHODS A qualitative descriptive study was implemented, and a descriptive survey was sent to all pediatric nurses who worked during the peak of the pandemic, from March 2020 - May 2020. Categorical responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and free texts were coded to develop central themes. RESULTS Four themes emerged from the data: concerns for safety, unprepared to care, nurses' emotional responses, and persevering together. CONCLUSIONS As pediatric nurses adjusted to caring for a new disease and a new population of patients, concerns of safety and preparedness emanated. The need for teamwork and support was emphasized by nurses. The impact that nurses' experiences had on their emotional wellbeing was also highlighted. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Exploring pediatric nurses' experiences during a pandemic is important, as it furthers understanding and guides efforts to enhance preparedness for a future pandemic or public health emergency. Findings from this study illustrate the need to provide nurses with support for both their physical and emotional health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lulgjuraj
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore Department of Nursing, NY, United States of America.
| | - Taylor Hubner
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore Department of Nursing, NY, United States of America
| | - Nicole Radzinski
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore Department of Nursing, NY, United States of America
| | - Una Hopkins
- Montefiore Medical Center Department of Nursing, NY, United States of America
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Consultation Needs for Young Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Admitted to an Adult Tertiary Care Hospital: Implications for Inpatient Practice. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 60:288-292. [PMID: 34392020 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), particularly those with medical complexity, account for a large proportion of pediatric inpatients and are increasingly surviving to adulthood. However, few studies have evaluated the inpatient care of this population after transition to adult hospitals. This paper describes a Med-Peds Hospitalist service providing inpatient consultation for young adults with childhood conditions and offers a window into issues likely to be faced by young adults with IDD as they face increased admissions to adult hospitals. METHODS A single center retrospective chart review was performed of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities referred to the Med-Peds consult service at a large urban adult academic medical center. FINDINGS The most common medical recommendations provided focused on diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal, neurologic, and respiratory issues. Coordination between pediatric and adult caregivers, disposition planning, communication and family support, and guidance on weight-based dosing were also commonly provided services. DISCUSSION Young adults with IDD face new challenges when admitted to adult hospitals. In this single-center study, several areas were identified where expert consultation could be helpful. The need for structured coordination of care for this vulnerable patient population was highlighted. Knowledgeable consultative services may be an effective intervention to address the unique needs of hospitalized young adults with IDD. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE Hospitals should consider structured inpatient programs, care-paths, or consultation from providers knowledgeable in the care of young adults with intellectual disabilities in order to improve the inpatient care of this population.
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24
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Philips K, Hametz P. Final Outcomes of a Pediatric Surge-in-Place Model during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. J Pediatr 2021; 235:302-303. [PMID: 33961906 PMCID: PMC8093166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Hodo LN, Douglas LC, Lee DS, Bhadriraju S, Wilson KM. Deployed: One Pediatric Department's Experience of Adult Care During COVID-19. Hosp Pediatr 2021; 11:e235-e243. [PMID: 34117092 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-005799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nell Hodo
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY;
| | - Lindsey C Douglas
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Diana S Lee
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Srividya Bhadriraju
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY.,Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Karen M Wilson
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY
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26
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Morrison JM, Betensky M, Kiskaddon AL, Goldenberg NA. Venous Thromboembolism among Noncritically Ill Hospitalized Children: Key Considerations for the Pediatric Hospital Medicine Specialist. Semin Thromb Hemost 2021; 48:434-445. [PMID: 33962474 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and preventable harm among noncritically ill hospitalized children. Several clinical factors relevant to the noncritically ill hospitalized child significantly increase the risk of VTE including the presence of central venous catheters, systemic inflammation, and prolonged immobilization. Although risk mitigation strategies have been described, the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of VTE require standardization of institutional practices combined with multidisciplinary collaboration among pediatric hospitalists, hematologists, and other care providers. In this narrative review, we summarize the epidemiology of VTE, risk models identifying high-risk conditions associated with VTE, and prevention and treatment strategies. We further describe successful quality improvement efforts implementing institutional VTE risk stratification and thromboprophylaxis procedures. Finally, we highlight unique challenges facing pediatric hospital medicine specialists in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, including caring for adults admitted to pediatric hospital units, and describe future research opportunities for VTE in the noncritically ill hospitalized child.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Morrison
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida
| | - Marisol Betensky
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Division of Pediatric Hematology, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida
| | - Amy L Kiskaddon
- Department of Pharmacy, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida
| | - Neil A Goldenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Division of Pediatric Hematology, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida
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27
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Tsikala Vafea M, Zhang R, Kalligeros M, Mylona EK, Shehadeh F, Mylonakis E. Mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. Expert Rev Med Devices 2021; 18:457-471. [PMID: 33836621 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2021.1915764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The use of mechanical ventilation associated with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, the most common complication in critically ill COVID-19 patients, defines a high risk population that requires specific consideration of outcomes and treatment practices.Areas covered: This review evaluates existing information about mortality rates and effectiveness of antiviral, immune-modulating, and anticoagulation treatments in COVID-19 patients who received mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate and follow-up periods in patients receiving mechanical ventilation ranged widely. Antivirals, including remdesivir and convalescent plasma, have shown no definitive mortality benefit in this population despite positive results in other COVID-19 patients. Dexamethasone was associated with an absolute reduction in 28-day mortality by 12.3% (95% CI, 6.3 to 17.6), after adjusting for age. Reduced mortality has been demonstrated with tocilizumab use alongside corticosteroids. Evidence is inconclusive for therapeutic anticoagulation, and further studies are needed to determine the comparative benefit of prophylactic anticoagulation.Expert opinion: Significant variation and high mortality rates in mechanically ventilated patients necessitate more standardized outcome measurements, increased consideration of risk factors to reduce intubation, and improved treatment practices. Anticoagulation and dexamethasone should be incorporated in the treatment of patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, while more rigorous studies are required for other potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsikala Vafea
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Raina Zhang
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Markos Kalligeros
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Evangelia K Mylona
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Fadi Shehadeh
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Eleftherios Mylonakis
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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28
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Gupta N, Balcom SA, Gulliver A, Witherspoon RL. Health workforce surge capacity during the COVID‐19 pandemic and other global respiratory disease outbreaks: A systematic review of health system requirements and responses. Int J Health Plann Manage 2021. [PMCID: PMC8013474 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Health system decision‐makers need comprehensive evidence to mitigate surges in the demand for human resources for health (HRH) during infectious disease outbreaks. This study aimed to assess the state of the evidence on policy and planning responses to HRH surge capacity during the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic and other viral respiratory disease outbreaks of global significance in the 21st century. We systematically searched eight bibliographic databases to extract primary research articles published between January 2000 and June 2020 capturing temporal changes in health workforce requirements and responses surrounding respiratory virus pandemics. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses standard, 16 studies met our inclusion criteria. Five focused on COVID‐19, three on H1N1, and eight modelled a hypothetical pandemic. Investigations of different training, mobilization, and redeployment options to address pandemic‐time health system capacity were reviewed; however, few scenarios drew on observational HRH data, and heterogeneity of study approaches and outcomes generally precluded comparability across contexts. Notable evidence gaps included occupational and psychosocial factors affecting healthcare workers' absenteeism and risk of burnout, gendered considerations of HRH capacity, evaluations in low‐ and lower‐middle income countries, and policy‐actionable assessments to inform post‐pandemic recovery and sustainability of services for noncommunicable disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeru Gupta
- University of New Brunswick Fredericton Canada
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29
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Sokoloff WC, Krief WI, Giusto KA, Mohaimin T, Murphy-Hockett C, Rocker J, Williamson KA. Pediatric emergency department utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 45:100-104. [PMID: 33677263 PMCID: PMC7896495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study describes the utilization of a pediatric emergency department (ED) during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the initial U.S. epicenter, including the impact on visit acuity and incidences of common diagnoses. Study Design We performed an observational retrospective review of patients younger than 18 years old seen in a New York City pediatric ED from March 7th to May 6th 2020, and during the same time period in 2018 and 2019. Demographics, visit details, diagnoses, and dispositions were compared. Validated algorithms were utilized to create practical diagnosis groupings and to determine the probability of a visit requiring emergent evaluation. Results ED visits during the pandemic decreased by 56% to an average daily census of 67 patients, from an anticipated 152. Admission rates rose from 13.3% to 17.4% (p<0.001), and the proportion of triage Emergency Severity Index level 1 and 2 patients increased by 23.7% (p<0.001). Non-emergent visits dropped from 32.3% to 27.5% (p<0.001). Several common, often low-acuity diagnoses saw disproportionate reductions in visits including headache, chest pain, and minor injuries. Concerningly, visits for suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, or self-harm increased by 100% (p<0.001) and visits for evaluating abuse or neglect decreased by 89% (p=0.01). Conclusions Pediatric ED utilization substantially deceased during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, but left relatively higher patient acuity. Healthcare systems in early epicenters must also prepare for the disproportionate impact a pandemic has on the most vulnerable pediatric patients, particularly those at risk for self-harm or abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Sokoloff
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, Queens, NY, USA.
| | - William I Krief
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, Queens, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Kimberly A Giusto
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, Queens, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Tasnima Mohaimin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Cole Murphy-Hockett
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Rocker
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, Queens, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Kristy A Williamson
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, Queens, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, USA
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30
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Deep A, Knight P, Kernie SG, D'Silva P, Sobin B, Best T, Zorrilla M, Carson L, Zoica B, Ahn D. A Hybrid Model of Pediatric and Adult Critical Care During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Surge: The Experience of Two Tertiary Hospitals in London and New York. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2021; 22:e125-e134. [PMID: 33027239 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 outbreak has caused an unprecedented demand on global adult critical care services. As adult patients have been disproportionately affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, pediatric practitioners world-wide have stepped forward to support their adult colleagues. In general, standalone pediatric hospitals expanded their capacity to centralize pediatric critical care, decanting patients from other institutions. There are few units that ran a hybrid model, managing both adult and pediatric patients with the same PICU staff. In this report, we describe the hybrid model implemented at our respective institutions with shared experiences, pitfalls, challenges, and adjustments required in caring for both young and older patients. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Two PICUs in urban tertiary hospitals in London and New York. PATIENTS Adult and pediatric patients admitted to the PICU in roughly a 6-week period during the coronavirus disease 2019 surge. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The PICU at King's College Hospital admitted 23 non-coronavirus disease adult patients, while whereas the PICU at Morgan Stanley's Children Hospital in New York admitted 46 adults, 30 of whom were coronavirus disease positive. The median age of adult patients at King's College Hospital was higher than those admitted in New York, 53 years (19-77 yr) and 24.4 years (18-52 yr), respectively. Catering to the different physical, emotional, and social needs of both children and adults by the same PICU team was challenging. One important consideration in both locations was the continued care of patients with severe non-coronavirus disease-related illnesses such as neurosurgical emergencies, trauma, and septic shock. Furthermore, retention of critical specialists such as transplant services allowed for nine and four solid organ transplants to occur in London and New York, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This hybrid model successfully allowed for the expansion into adult critical care while maintaining essential services for critically ill children. Simultaneous care of adults and children in the ICU can be sustained if healthcare professionals work collaboratively, show proactive insight into anticipated issues, and exhibit clear leadership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Deep
- Department of Child Health, Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Knight
- Department of Child Health, Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven G Kernie
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Pam D'Silva
- Department of Child Health, Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brittany Sobin
- New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Thomas Best
- Division of Adult Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Zorrilla
- New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Lydia Carson
- New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Bogdana Zoica
- Department of Child Health, Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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31
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Alvarez Villela M, Boucher T, Terre J, Levine B, O'Shea M, Luma J, Jorde UP, Garcia M, Wiley J, Menegus M, Latib A, Bortnick AE. Surge-in-Place: Conversion of a Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Into a COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit and Back Again. THE JOURNAL OF INVASIVE CARDIOLOGY 2021; 33:E71-E76. [PMID: 33348314 PMCID: PMC7858221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In Spring 2020, the United States epicenter of COVID-19 was New York City, in which the borough of the Bronx was particularly affected. This Fall, there has been a resurgence of COVID-19 in Europe and the Midwestern United States. We describe our experience transforming our cardiac catheterization laboratories to accommodate an influx of COVID-19 patients so as to provide other hospitals with a potential blueprint. We transformed our pre/postprocedural patient care areas into COVID-19 intensive care and step-down units and maintained emergent invasive care for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction using existing space and personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna E Bortnick
- Jack D. Weiler Hospital, 1825 Eastchester Road Suite 2S-46 Bronx, NY 10461 USA.
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32
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Levene R, Fein DM, Silver EJ, Joels JR, Khine H. The ongoing impact of COVID-19 on asthma and pediatric emergency health-seeking behavior in the Bronx, an epicenter. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 43:109-114. [PMID: 33550101 PMCID: PMC7843065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Bronx has the highest prevalence of asthma in the United States (US), and was also an early COVID-19 epicenter, making it a unique study location. Worldwide reports describe significant declines in pediatric emergency department (PED) visits during COVID-19. The ongoing impact of COVID-19 on all PED presentations, including asthma, at an early epicenter has not been studied beyond the pandemic peak and into the early phases of state re-opening. Objectives To compare PED health-seeking behaviors and clinical characteristics during the 2020 pandemic and subsequent initial New York State (NYS) phased re-opening to the same period in 2019. Methods Retrospective chart review of children <21 years utilizing the PED at a high-volume quaternary children's hospital in The Bronx, NY from March 15th 2020 – July 6th 2020 (pandemic cohort) and the same interval in 2019 (comparison cohort). Visits were assigned to pre-determined diagnostic categories. Demographic and clinical data were compared. Results 19,981 visits were included. Visits declined by 66% during 2020. Proportions of asthma visits (2% vs. 7%, p < 0.0001) and minor medical problems (61% vs. 67%, p < 0.0001) had significant declines in the pandemic cohort, while major medical problems (13% vs. 8%, p < 0.0001), appendicitis (1% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.0001) and other surgical complaints (1% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.0001) had proportional increases in the pandemic cohort. No significant proportional changes were noted among psychosocial and trauma groups between the two cohorts. Conclusion The pandemic cohort experienced a substantial decrease in PED volume, but an increase in acuity and admission rates, which was sustained through the NYS phase-II re-opening. Despite being located in an asthma hub, the incidence of asthma-related PED visits declined appreciably in the pandemic cohort. Future studies examining the effects of indoor allergens in isolation on pediatric asthma are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Levene
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, United States of America.
| | - Daniel M Fein
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Ellen J Silver
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Joanna R Joels
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Hnin Khine
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, United States of America
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Rapid conversion of an in-patient hospital unit to accommodate COVID-19: An interdisciplinary human factors, ethnography, and infection prevention and control approach. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245212. [PMID: 33481807 PMCID: PMC7822252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, in-patient units in hospitals around the world have altered their patient care routines and Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) practices. Our interdisciplinary team of applied Human Factors (HF), ethnography, and IPC experts assisted one Unit, normally serving general surgical and orthopedic patients, as it rapidly converted to deliver COVID-19-specific care. This paper describes the conversion experience of the Unit, and outlines broader lessons for other acute care teams faced with similar issues. METHODS We deployed walkthroughs, simulations, and ethnography to identify important safety gaps in care delivery processes on the Unit. These interventions were undertaken using interdisciplinary theories of implementation that combined systems-level HF perspectives, ethnographic approaches, and individual-level IPC perspectives. Timely recommendations were developed and delivered to Unit staff for feedback and implementation. RESULTS We describe three interventions on the Unit: 1) the de-cluttering and re-organization of personal protective equipment (PPE); 2) the reconfiguring of designated 'dirty' tray tables and supplies; and 3) the redesign of handling pathways for 'dirty' linens and laundry. Each of these interventions was implemented to varying degrees, but all contributed to discussions of safety and IPC implementation that extended beyond the Unit and into the operations of the broader hospital. CONCLUSIONS Leveraging our team's interdisciplinary expertise and blended approaches to implementation, the interventions assisted in the Unit's rapid conversion towards providing COVID-19-specific care. The deployment and implementation of the interventions highlight the potential of collaboration between HF, ethnography, and IPC experts to support frontline healthcare delivery under pandemic conditions in an effort to minimize nosocomial transmission potential in the acute healthcare setting.
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Gist RE, Pinto R, Kissoon N, Ahmed YE, Daniel P, Hamele M. Repurposing a PICU for Adult Care in a State Mandated COVID-19 Only Hospital: Outcome Comparison to the MICU Cohort to Determine Safety and Effectiveness. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:665350. [PMID: 34055697 PMCID: PMC8160290 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.665350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The ongoing coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is disproportionally impacting the adult population. This study describes the experiences after repurposing a PICU and its staff for adult critical care within a state mandated COVID-19 hospital and compares the outcomes to adult patients admitted to the institution's MICU during the same period. Design: A retrospective chart review was performed to analyze outcomes for the adults admitted to the PICU and MICU during the 27-day period the PICU was incorporated into the institution's adult critical care surge plan. Setting: Tertiary care state University hospital. Patients: Critically ill adult patients with proven or suspected COVID-19. Interventions: To select the most ideal adult patients for PICU admission a tiered approach that incorporated older patients with more comorbidities at each stage was implemented. Measurements and Main Results: There were 140 patients admitted to the MICU and 9 patients admitted to the PICU during this period. The mean age of the adult patients admitted to the PICU was lower (49.1 vs. 63.2 p = 0.017). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of comorbidities, intubation rates, days of ventilation, dialysis or LOS. Patients selected for PICU care did not have coronary artery disease, CHF, cerebrovascular disease or COPD. Mean admission Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was lower in patients admitted to the PICU (4 vs. 6.4, p = 0.017) with similar rates of survival to discharge (66.7 vs. 44.4%, p = 0.64). Conclusion: Outcomes for the adult patients who received care in the PICU did not appear to be worse than those who were admitted to the MICU during this time. While limited by a small sample size, this single center cohort study revealed that careful assessment of critical illness considering age and type of co-morbidities may be a safe and effective approach in determining which critically ill adult patients with known or suspected COVID-19 are the most appropriate for PICU admission in general hospitals with primary management by its physicians and nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon E Gist
- Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Rohit Pinto
- Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Niranjan Kissoon
- Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, British Columbia Children's Hospital and Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Youssef E Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Pia Daniel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Mitchell Hamele
- Department of Pediatrics, Tripler Army Medical Center, Uniformed Service University, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Mulay KV, Aishworiya R, Lim TS, Tan MY, Kiing JS, Chong SC, Kang YQ. Innovations in practice: Adaptation of developmental and behavioral pediatric service in a tertiary center in Singapore during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pediatr Neonatol 2021; 62:70-79. [PMID: 33028511 PMCID: PMC7475770 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the coronavirus 2019 pandemic continues, healthcare services need to adapt to continue providing optimal and safe services for patients. We detail our adaptive framework as a large Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics service in a tertiary academic institution in Singapore. METHODS The multidisciplinary team at our unit implemented various adaptations and workflow processes during this evolving pandemic in providing continued clinical care tailored to the challenges specific to our patient population. Services were continued via teleconsultation mode during the 'Circuit Breaker' (enhanced movement restriction) period. Specific workflow processes, IT infrastructure, and staff training were put in place to support smooth running of this service. Segregation of services into two teams based at two separate sites and implementation of stringent infection control measures surrounding the clinic visit by providers, patients and their families were incorporated to ensure safety. Measures were also taken to ensure providers' mental wellbeing. RESULTS The clinical service was continued for the majority of our patients with a lowest reduction in patient consultations to half of baseline during the 'Circuit Breaker' period. We received positive feedback from families for teleconsultation services provided. CONCLUSION We have been able to continue services in our DBP clinics due to our dynamic reassessment of workflow processes and their prompt implementation in conjunction with the hospital and national public health response to the pandemic. Given that this pandemic is likely to be long drawn, our unit remains ready to constantly adjust these workflows and make adaptations as we go along, together with the support for mental health of patients, parents and staff. Continual improvements in workflows will be helpful even beyond the pandemic to ensure good continuity of care for our patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tammy S.H. Lim
- Corresponding author. Department of Paediatrics, National University Health System, NUH Tower Block Level 12, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074, Singapore. Fax: +65 6665 0158
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Fernandes ND, Cummings BM, Naber CE, Salt MD, Lok J, Yager PH, Carroll RW. Adult COVID-19 Patients Cared for in a Pediatric ICU Embedded in a Regional Biothreat Center: Disease Severity and Outcomes. Health Secur 2020; 19:442-446. [PMID: 33326301 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2020.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of adult coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), with assessment of respiratory clinical severity and outcomes when cared for by pediatric intensivists utilizing specific care processes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to the 14-bed PICU of a quaternary referral center during the COVID-19 surge in Boston between April and June 2020. A total of 37 adults were admitted: 28 tested COVID-19 positive and 9 tested COVID-19 negative. Of the COVID-19-positive patients, 21 (75%), were male and 12 (60.7%) identified as Hispanic/Latino. Comorbidities in the patients included diabetes mellitus (39.3%), hyperlipidemia (39.3%), and hypertension (32.1%). Twenty-four (85.7%) required mechanical ventilation, in whom the lowest median ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired pressure was 161.5 (141.0 to 184.5), the median peak positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was 14 (12.0 to 15.8) cmH2O and 15 (62.5%) underwent an optimal PEEP maneuver. Twelve (50%) patients were proned for a median of 3.0 (3.0 to 4.8) days. Of the 15 patients who were extubated, 3 (20%) required reintubation. Tracheostomy was performed in 10 patients: 3 after extubation failure and 7 for prolonged mechanical ventilation and weakness. Renal replacement therapy was required by 4 (14.3%) patients. There were 2 (7.1%) mortalities. We report detailed clinical outcomes of adult patients when cared for by intact pediatric critical care teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. Good clinical outcomes, when supported by adult critical care colleagues and dedicated operational processes are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil D Fernandes
- Neil D. Fernandes, MD, Catherine E. Naber, MD, and Michael D. Salt, DO, are Pediatric Critical Care Fellows, MassGeneral Hospital for Children/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, MD, is Medical Director, Vice Chair, and a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Josephine Lok, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Phoebe H. Yager, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, and Program Director, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Fellowship; and Ryan W. Carroll, MD, MPH, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Director, Global Pediatric Critical Care Medicine; all at MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, Josephine Lok, Phoebe H. Yager, and Ryan W. Carroll are also Assistant Professors, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Brian M Cummings
- Neil D. Fernandes, MD, Catherine E. Naber, MD, and Michael D. Salt, DO, are Pediatric Critical Care Fellows, MassGeneral Hospital for Children/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, MD, is Medical Director, Vice Chair, and a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Josephine Lok, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Phoebe H. Yager, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, and Program Director, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Fellowship; and Ryan W. Carroll, MD, MPH, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Director, Global Pediatric Critical Care Medicine; all at MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, Josephine Lok, Phoebe H. Yager, and Ryan W. Carroll are also Assistant Professors, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Catherine E Naber
- Neil D. Fernandes, MD, Catherine E. Naber, MD, and Michael D. Salt, DO, are Pediatric Critical Care Fellows, MassGeneral Hospital for Children/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, MD, is Medical Director, Vice Chair, and a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Josephine Lok, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Phoebe H. Yager, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, and Program Director, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Fellowship; and Ryan W. Carroll, MD, MPH, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Director, Global Pediatric Critical Care Medicine; all at MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, Josephine Lok, Phoebe H. Yager, and Ryan W. Carroll are also Assistant Professors, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michael D Salt
- Neil D. Fernandes, MD, Catherine E. Naber, MD, and Michael D. Salt, DO, are Pediatric Critical Care Fellows, MassGeneral Hospital for Children/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, MD, is Medical Director, Vice Chair, and a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Josephine Lok, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Phoebe H. Yager, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, and Program Director, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Fellowship; and Ryan W. Carroll, MD, MPH, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Director, Global Pediatric Critical Care Medicine; all at MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, Josephine Lok, Phoebe H. Yager, and Ryan W. Carroll are also Assistant Professors, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Josephine Lok
- Neil D. Fernandes, MD, Catherine E. Naber, MD, and Michael D. Salt, DO, are Pediatric Critical Care Fellows, MassGeneral Hospital for Children/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, MD, is Medical Director, Vice Chair, and a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Josephine Lok, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Phoebe H. Yager, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, and Program Director, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Fellowship; and Ryan W. Carroll, MD, MPH, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Director, Global Pediatric Critical Care Medicine; all at MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, Josephine Lok, Phoebe H. Yager, and Ryan W. Carroll are also Assistant Professors, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Phoebe H Yager
- Neil D. Fernandes, MD, Catherine E. Naber, MD, and Michael D. Salt, DO, are Pediatric Critical Care Fellows, MassGeneral Hospital for Children/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, MD, is Medical Director, Vice Chair, and a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Josephine Lok, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Phoebe H. Yager, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, and Program Director, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Fellowship; and Ryan W. Carroll, MD, MPH, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Director, Global Pediatric Critical Care Medicine; all at MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, Josephine Lok, Phoebe H. Yager, and Ryan W. Carroll are also Assistant Professors, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ryan W Carroll
- Neil D. Fernandes, MD, Catherine E. Naber, MD, and Michael D. Salt, DO, are Pediatric Critical Care Fellows, MassGeneral Hospital for Children/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, MD, is Medical Director, Vice Chair, and a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Josephine Lok, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician; Phoebe H. Yager, MD, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, and Program Director, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Fellowship; and Ryan W. Carroll, MD, MPH, is a Pediatric Critical Care Physician and Director, Global Pediatric Critical Care Medicine; all at MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA. Brian M. Cummings, Josephine Lok, Phoebe H. Yager, and Ryan W. Carroll are also Assistant Professors, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Messing EG, Quinn NJ, Shah DD, Veltri K, Chirico J. Practicing during a pandemic: The role of a new pharmacy practitioner. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2020; 77:2045-2048. [PMID: 32761074 PMCID: PMC7454265 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxaa274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dhara D Shah
- Department of Pharmacy Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, NY
| | - Keith Veltri
- Department of Pharmacy Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, NY
- Department of Pharmacy Practice Touro College of Pharmacy New York, NY
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Alcalá Minagorre PJ, Villalobos Pinto E, Ramos Fernández JM, Rodríguez-Fernández R, Vázquez Ronco M, Escosa-García L, Montiano Jorge JI, García García JJ. Changes from COVID-19. A perspective from internal pediatric medicine. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 93:343.e1-343.e8. [PMID: 33072818 PMCID: PMC7547609 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV2 pandemic dimension has affected the Hospital Pediatrics Medicine assistance in our country. New challenges generated by COVID-19 require a series of proactive measures, based on existing scientific knowledge and standards of good practice, that allow the Pediatric Hospital services readiness and operability. Hospital Internal Pediatrics, as responsible of integral care of the hospitalized child, plays a leading role in the new hospital model emerging from this crisis. This review analyzes the impact of the current SARS-CoV2 epidemic on pediatric care, and perspective of new COVID-19 outbreaks in coexistence with other viral infections. Changes secondary to pandemic involved in Hospital pediatric units must be analyzed, and how to prepare for future epidemics, also the involvement of pediatric units in adult care and the possible opportunities for improvement. Assistance of patients with chronic complex conditions in epidemic circumstances, safety aspects, opportunities for teaching and ethical considerations are reviewed. The Spanish Society of Hospital Pediatrics Medicine offers with this article a series of resources for Internal pediatric Medicine practitioners responsible to face next challenges in pediatric hospitalization units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Alcalá Minagorre
- Unidad de Hospitalización Pediátrica, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Miguel Vázquez Ronco
- Sección Pediatría Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Luis Escosa-García
- Servicio de Pediatría Hospitalaria, Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan José García García
- Unidad de Hospitalización Pediátrica, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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39
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Peck JL. COVID-19: Impacts and Implications for Pediatric Practice. J Pediatr Health Care 2020; 34:619-629. [PMID: 32859434 PMCID: PMC7346792 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the rapid emergence of the novel coronavirus in December of 2019 and subsequent development of a global pandemic, clinicians around the world have struggled to understand and respond effectively in health care systems already strained before this latest viral outbreak. Leaders are making policy decisions while balancing the slow and precise nature of science with the rapid need for life-saving information.Pediatric nurse practitioners are ideally situated as a trusted source of health information for children. This continuing education article summarizes the latest evidence on the rapidly developing coronavirus pandemic.
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40
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Alcalá Minagorre PJ, Villalobos Pinto E, Ramos Fernández JM, Rodríguez-Fernández R, Vázquez Ronco M, Escosa-García L, Montiano Jorge JI, García García JJ. [Changes from COVID-19. A perspective from internal pediatric medicine]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 93:343.e1-343.e8. [PMID: 32646797 PMCID: PMC7303654 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic dimension has affected the Hospital Pediatrics Medicine assistance in our country. New challenges generated by COVID-19 require a series of proactive measures, based on existing scientific knowledge and standards of good practice, that allow the Pediatric Hospital services readiness and operability. Hospital Internal Pediatrics, as responsible of integral care of the hospitalized child, plays a leading role in the new hospital model emerging from this crisis. This review analyzes the impact of the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic on pediatric care, and perspective of new COVID-19 outbreaks in coexistence with other viral infections. Changes secondary to pandemic involved in Hospital Pediatric units, how to prepare for future epidemics, also the involvement of pediatric units in adult care and the possible opportunities for improvement need to be revised. Assistance of patients with chronic complex conditions in epidemic circumstances, safety aspects, opportunities for teaching and ethical considerations are reviewed. The Spanish Society of Hospital Pediatrics Medicine offers with this article a series of resources for Internal Pediatric Medicine practitioners responsible to face next challenges in pediatric hospitalization units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Alcalá Minagorre
- Unidad de Hospitalización Pediátrica, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España.
| | | | | | | | - Miguel Vázquez Ronco
- Sección de Pediatría Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, España
| | - Luis Escosa-García
- Servicio de Pediatría Hospitalaria, Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
| | | | - Juan José García García
- Unidad de Hospitalización Pediátrica, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
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41
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Emerging from the Epicenter: Reflections on the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Gen Intern Med 2020; 35:3376-3377. [PMID: 32865769 PMCID: PMC7457889 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-06112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Transforming a PICU Into an Adult ICU During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Meeting Multiple Needs. Crit Care Explor 2020; 2:e0201. [PMID: 32984831 PMCID: PMC7498134 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. We describe the process converting half of our 40-bed PICU into a negative-pressure biocontainment ICU dedicated to adult coronavirus disease 2019 patients within a 1,003-bed academic quaternary hospital. We outline the construction, logistics, supplies, provider education, staffing, and operations. We share lessons learned of working with a predominantly pediatric staff blended with adult expertise staff while maintaining elements of family-centered care typical of pediatric critical care medicine. Critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 adult patients may be cared for in a PICU and care may be augmented by implementing elements of holistic, family-centered PICU practice.
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43
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Jain PN, Finger L, Schieffelin JS, Zerr DM, Hametz PA. Responses of three urban U.S. Children's Hospitals to COVID-19: Seattle, New York and New Orleans. Paediatr Respir Rev 2020; 35:15-19. [PMID: 32600820 PMCID: PMC7289112 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since January 2020, there has been a worldwide pandemic of COVID-19, caused by a novel coronavirus-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The United States has been particularly affected, with the largest number of confirmed cases in a single country in the world. Healthcare systems for adults as well as children have dealt with challenges. This article will reflect on the experiences of selected children's hospitals in Seattle, New York City, and New Orleans, three of the "hotspots" in the US and share common aspects and lessons learned from these experiences. This article discusses testing and cohorting of patients, personal protective equipment utilization, limiting workplace exposure, and information sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya N. Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein School of Medicine, United States
| | - Leron Finger
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital New Orleans, United States
| | - John S. Schieffelin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital New Orleans/Tulane University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Danielle M. Zerr
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital/ University of Washington, United States
| | - Patricia A. Hametz
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein School of Medicine, United States,Corresponding author at: Pediatric Quality and Safety Chief, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, 3415 Bainbridge Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467, United States
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44
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Lipton M, Kavanagh CR, Mahajan R, Jain NG, Uy NS, Dogra S, Lin F. Role of pediatric nephrologists in managing adults with AKI due to COVID-19. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:2019-2022. [PMID: 32588224 PMCID: PMC7315693 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04680-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Lipton
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, PH 17-102F, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Catherine R. Kavanagh
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, PH 17-102F, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Ruchi Mahajan
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, PH 17-102F, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Namrata G. Jain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, PH 17-102F, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Natalie S. Uy
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, PH 17-102F, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Samriti Dogra
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, PH 17-102F, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Fangming Lin
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, PH 17-102F, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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