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An YQ, Qin ZT, Li DD, Zhao RQ, Bi BS, Wang DW, Ma DJ, Xi Z. The combined formulation of brassinolide and pyraclostrobin increases biomass and seed yield by improving photosynthetic capacity in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1138563. [PMID: 37063198 PMCID: PMC10090558 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1138563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the context of global food crisis, applying the phytohormone-brassinosteroids (BRs) in combination with the fungicide-pyraclostrobin (Pyr) was beneficial for plant quality and productivity in several field trials. However, in addition to the benefits of disease control due to the innate fungicidal activity of Pyr, it remains to be understood whether the coapplication of BL+ Pyr exerts additional growth-promoting effects. For this purpose, the effects of BL treatment, Pyr treatment, and BL+ Pyr treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana were compared. The results showed that the yield increased at a rate of 25.6% in the BL+Pyr group and 9.7% in the BL group, but no significant change was observed in the Pyr group. Furthermore, the BL+Pyr treatment increased the fresh weight of both the leaves and the inflorescences. In contrast, the Pyr and BL treatments only increased the fresh weight of leaves and inflorescences, respectively. Additionally, the BL + Pyr treatment increased the Pn, Gs, Tr, Vc, max, Jmax, VTPU, ETR, Fv'/Fm', ΦPSII, Rd, AYE and Rubisco enzyme activity by 26%, 38%, 40%, 16%, 19%, 15%, 9%, 10%, 17%, 179%, 18% and 32%, respectively. While, these paraments did not change significantly by the BL or Pyr treatments. Treatment with BL + Pyr and Pyr, rather than BL, improved the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents by upregulating genes related to chlorophyll biosynthesis and downregulating genes related to chlorophyll degradation. Additionally, according to transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, the BL+ Pyr treatment outperformed the individual BL or Pyr treatments in activating the transcription of genes involved in photosynthesis and increasing sugar accumulation. Our results first validated that the combined usage of BL and Pyr exerted striking synergistic effects on enhancing plant biomass and yield by increasing photosynthetic efficiency. These results might provide new understanding for the agricultural effects by the co-application of BL and Pyr, and it might stimulate the efforts to develop new environment-friendly replacement for Pyr to minimize the ecotoxicology of Pyr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi An
- *Correspondence: Ya-Qi An, ; Zhen Xi,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhen Xi
- *Correspondence: Ya-Qi An, ; Zhen Xi,
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Sreeharsha RV, Mudalkar S, Reddy AR. Genome sequencing and analysis uncover the regulatory elements involved in the development and oil biosynthesis of Pongamia pinnata (L.) - A potential biodiesel feedstock. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:747783. [PMID: 36092428 PMCID: PMC9454018 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.747783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization, the consumption of petro-products has increased, while fossil fuel resources have been gradually depleted. There has been a resurgence of interest in plant-derived biofuels as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels for the purpose of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Pongamia pinnata L., which is also known as Millettia pinnata is an oil-yielding, leguminous tree with a large and complex genome. Despite its multiple industrial applications, this orphan tree species has inconsistent yields and a limited understanding of its functional genomics. We assessed physiological and morphological characteristics of five high-yielding pongamia accessions and deduced important yield descriptors. Furthermore, we sequenced the genome of this potential biofuel feedstock using Illumina HiSeq, NextSeq, and MiSeq platforms to generate paired-end reads. Around 173 million processed reads amounting to 65.2 Gb were assembled into a 685 Mb genome, with a gap rate of 0.02%. The sequenced scaffolds were used to identify 30,000 gene models, 406,385 Simple-Sequence-Repeat (SSR) markers, and 43.6% of repetitive sequences. We further analyzed the structural information of genes belonging to certain key metabolic pathways, including lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, circadian rhythms, plant-pathogen interactions, and karanjin biosynthesis, all of which are commercially significant for pongamia. A total of 2,219 scaffolds corresponding to 29 transcription factor families provided valuable information about gene regulation in pongamia. Similarity studies and phylogenetic analysis revealed a monophyletic group of Fabaceae members wherein pongamia out-grouped from Glycine max and Cajanus cajan, revealing its unique ability to synthesize oil for biodiesel. This study is the first step toward completing the genome sequence of this imminent biofuel tree species. Further attempts at re-sequencing with different read chemistry will certainly improve the genetic resources at the chromosome level and accelerate the molecular breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachapudi Venkata Sreeharsha
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Shalini Mudalkar
- Department of Tree Breeding and Improvement, Forest College and Research Institute (FCRI), Hyderabad, India
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Hou Z, Xu D, Deng N, Li Y, Yang L, Li S, Zhou H, Huang Q, Wang X. Comparative Proteomics of Mulberry Leaves at Different Developmental Stages Identify Novel Proteins Function Related to Photosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:797631. [PMID: 35003187 PMCID: PMC8739898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.797631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry leaves at different positions are different in photosynthetic rate, nutrient substance and feeding impact to silkworms. Here, we investigated the proteomic differences of the first (L1), sixth (L6), and twentieth (L20) mulberry leaves at different stem positions (from top to the base) using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach. L1 contained less developed photosynthetic apparatus but was more active in protein synthesis. L20 has more channel proteins and oxidoreductases relative to L6. Proteins that detected in all measured leaves were classified into three groups according to their expression patterns in L1, L6, and L20. The protein group that displayed the maximum amount in L6 has the highest possibility that function related to photosynthesis. Nine function unknown proteins belong to this group were further analyzed in the light responsive expression, evolutionary tree and sub-cellular localization analysis. Based on the results, five proteins were suggested to be involved in photosynthesis. Taken together, these results reveal the molecular details of different roles of mulberry leaves at different developmental stages and contribute to the identification of five proteins that might function related to photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dashun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luoling Yang
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuxuan Li
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qintao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Sekhar KM, Kota VR, Reddy TP, Rao KV, Reddy AR. Amelioration of plant responses to drought under elevated CO 2 by rejuvenating photosynthesis and nitrogen use efficiency: implications for future climate-resilient crops. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:21-40. [PMID: 32632534 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The contemporary global agriculture is beset with serious threats from diverse eco-environmental conditions causing decreases in crop yields by ~ 15%. These yield losses might increase further due to climate change scenarios leading to increased food prices triggering social unrest and famines. Urbanization and industrialization are often associated with rapid increases in greenhouse gases (GHGs) especially atmospheric CO2 concentration [(CO2)]. Increase in atmospheric [CO2] significantly improved crop photosynthesis and productivity initially which vary with plant species, genotype, [CO2] exposure time and biotic as well as abiotic stress factors. Numerous attempts have been made using different plant species to unravel the physiological, cellular and molecular effects of elevated [CO2] as well as drought. This review focuses on plant responses to elevated [CO2] and drought individually as well as in combination with special reference to physiology of photosynthesis including its acclimation. Furthermore, the functional role of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and its relation to photosynthetic acclimation and crop productivity under elevated [CO2] and drought are reviewed. In addition, we also discussed different strategies to ameliorate the limitations of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylation and RuBP regeneration. Further, improved stomatal and mesophyll conductance and NUE for enhanced crop productivity under fast changing global climate conditions through biotechnological approaches are also discussed here. We conclude that multiple gene editing approaches for key events in photosynthetic processes would serve as the best strategy to generate resilient crop plants with improved productivity under fast changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalva Madhana Sekhar
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Vamsee Raja Kota
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - T Papi Reddy
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - K V Rao
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
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Ravi Kiran B, Venkata Mohan S. Photosynthetic transients in Chlorella sorokiniana during phycoremediation of dairy wastewater under distinct light intensities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125593. [PMID: 34311176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study is aimed to understand the photosynthetic transients of Chlorella sorokiniana SVMBIOEN2 during treatment of dairy wastewater under different light intensities (100, 150, and 200 µmol m-2s-1) in mixotrophic mode. Light intensities showed marked influence on photosystem behavior, lipid profile, and organic pollutant removal. Analysis of Chlorophyll a fluorescence transient including Fv/Fm, ETo/RC, TRo/RC, and Abs/RC showed better photosystem efficiency at 100 µmol m-2s-1 operations. OJIP curve fitting depicted a positive L-band at 150 µmol m-2s-1 indicating lower kinetic energy of photosystem II (PSII) reaction centres at high light intensities. Better photosynthetic activity at 100 µmol m-2s-1 operations resulted in good assimilation of biomass (2.3 g L-1), carbohydrates (10.2 mg g-1), and proteins (14 mg g-1) with a significant reduction in chemical oxygen demand (85%). Phycoremediation of dairy wastewater accumulates predominantly monounsaturated fatty acids followed by polyunsaturated fatty acids showing the application of C. sorokiniana in nutraceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boda Ravi Kiran
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering (DEE), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering (DEE), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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Sreeharsha RV, Venkata Mohan S. Symbiotic integration of bioprocesses to design a self-sustainable life supporting ecosystem in a circular economy framework. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124712. [PMID: 33517050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, resource depletion and unsustainable crop productivity are major challenges that mankind is currently facing. Natural ecosystems of earth's biosphere are becoming vulnerable and there is a need to design Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSS) which are ecologically engineered microcosms that could effectively deal with problems associated with urbanization and industrialization in a sustainable manner. The principles of BLSS could be integrated with waste fed biorefineries and solar energy to create a self-sustainable bioregenerative ecosystem (SSBE). Such engineered ecosystems will have potential to fulfil urban life essentials and climate change mitigation thus generating ecologically smart and resilient communities which can strengthen the global economy. This article provides a detailed overview on SSBE framework and its improvement in the contemporary era to achieve circular bioeconomy by means of effective resource recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachapudi Venkata Sreeharsha
- Bioengineering and Environmental Science Laboratory, Department of Energy and Environmental, Engineering, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Science Laboratory, Department of Energy and Environmental, Engineering, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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Cai Y, Miao Y, Wu H, Wang D. Hyperspectral Estimation Models of Winter Wheat Chlorophyll Content Under Elevated CO 2. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:642917. [PMID: 33841469 PMCID: PMC8027361 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.642917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll content is an important indicator of winter wheat health status. It is valuable to investigate whether the relationship between spectral reflectance and the chlorophyll content differs under elevated CO2 condition. In this open-top chamber experiment, the CO2 treatments were categorized into ambient (aCO2; about 400 μmol⋅mol-1) or elevated (eCO2; ambient + 200 μmol⋅mol-1) levels. The correlation between the spectral reflectance and the chlorophyll content of the winter wheat were analyzed by constructing the estimation model based on red edge position, sensitive band and spectral index methods, respectively. The results showed that there was a close relationship between chlorophyll content and the canopy spectral curve characteristics of winter wheat. Chlorophyll content was better estimated based on sensitive spectral bands and difference vegetation index (DVI) under both aCO2 and eCO2 conditions, though the accuracy of the models varied under different CO2 conditions. The results suggested that the hyperspectral measurement can be effectively used to estimate the chlorophyll content under both aCO2 and eCO2 conditionsand could provide a useful tool for monitoring plants physiology and growth.
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Shi S, Qiu Y, Wen M, Xu X, Dong X, Xu C, He X. Daytime, Not Nighttime, Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Exposure Improves Plant Growth and Leaf Quality of Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:609031. [PMID: 33613585 PMCID: PMC7890035 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.609031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Almost all elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (eCO2) studies have not addressed the potential responses of plant growth to different CO2 in daytime and nighttime. The present study was to determine the impact of daytime and/or nighttime eCO2 on growth and quality of mulberry (Morus alba L.), a perennial multipurpose cash plant. Six-month-old mulberry seedlings were hence grown in environmentally auto-controlled growth chambers under four CO2 concentrations: (1) ambient CO2 (ACO2, 410 μmol mol-1 daytime/460 μmol mol-1 nighttime), (2) sole daytime elevated CO2 (DeCO2, 710 μmol mol-1/460 μmol mol-1), (3) sole nighttime elevated CO2 (NeCO2, 410 μmol mol-1/760 μmol mol-1), and (4) continuous daytime and nighttime elevated CO2 (D + NeCO2, 710 μmol mol-1/760 μmol mol-1). Plant growth characteristics, nutrient uptake, and leaf quality were then examined after 120 days of CO2 exposure. Compared to control, DeCO2 and (D + N)eCO2 increased plant biomass production and thus the harvest of nutrients and accumulation of leaf carbohydrates (starch, soluble sugar, and fatty acid) and N-containing compounds (free amino acid and protein), though there were some decreases in the concentration of leaf N, P, Mg, Fe, and Zn. NeCO2 had no significant effects on leaf yield but an extent positive effect on leaf nutritional quality due to their concentration increase in leaf B, Cu, starch, and soluble sugar. Meanwhile, (D + N)eCO2 decreased mulberry leaf yield and harvest of nutritious compounds for silkworm when compared with DeCO2. The reason may be associated to N, P, Mg, Fe, and Zn that are closely related to leaf pigment and N metabolism. Therefore, the rational application of mineral nutrient (especially N, P, Fe, Mg, and Zn) fertilizers is important for a sustainable mulberry production under future atmosphere CO2 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songmei Shi
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, School of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, School of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Miao Wen
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, School of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (China West Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanchong, China
| | - Xingshui Dong
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, School of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, School of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinhua He
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, School of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Xu X, Wu P, Song H, Zhang J, Zheng S, Xing G, Hou L, Li M. Identification of candidate genes associated with photosynthesis in eggplant under elevated CO 2. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1809519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Xu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Peiqi Wu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Hongxia Song
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Shaowen Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Guoming Xing
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Leiping Hou
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Meilan Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
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Sreeharsha RV, Mudalkar S, Sengupta D, Unnikrishnan DK, Reddy AR. Mitigation of drought-induced oxidative damage by enhanced carbon assimilation and an efficient antioxidative metabolism under high CO 2 environment in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.). PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 139:425-439. [PMID: 30244353 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0586-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.), a promising legume food crop was assessed for its photosynthetic physiology, antioxidative system as well as C and N metabolism under elevated CO2 and combined drought stress (DS). Pigeonpea was grown in open top chambers under elevated CO2 (600 µmol mol-1) and ambient CO2 (390 ± 20 µmol mol-1) concentrations, later subjected to DS by complete water withholding. The DS plants were re-watered and recovered (R) to gain normal physiological growth and assessed the recoverable capacity in both elevated and ambient CO2 concentrations. The elevated CO2 grown pigeonpea showed greater gas exchange physiology, nodule mass and total dry biomass over ambient CO2 grown plants under well-watered (WW) and DS conditions albeit a decrease in leaf relative water content (LRWC). Glucose, fructose and sucrose levels were measured to understand the role of hexose to sucrose ratios (H:S) in mediating the drought responses. Free amino acid levels as indicative of N assimilation provided insights into C and N balance under DS and CO2 interactions. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants showed significant upregulation in elevated CO2 grown plants under DS thereby protecting the plant from oxidative damage caused by the reactive oxygen species. Our results clearly demonstrated the protective role of elevated CO2 under DS at lower LRWC and gained comparative advantage of mitigating the DS-induced damage over ambient CO2 grown pigeonpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachapudi Venkata Sreeharsha
- Photosynthesis and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Shalini Mudalkar
- Photosynthesis and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Debashree Sengupta
- Photosynthesis and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Divya K Unnikrishnan
- Photosynthesis and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Attipalli Ramachandra Reddy
- Photosynthesis and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
- Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, 516003, India.
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Kumar S, Sreeharsha RV, Mudalkar S, Sarashetti PM, Reddy AR. Molecular insights into photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in Jatropha curcas grown under elevated CO 2 using transcriptome sequencing and assembly. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11066. [PMID: 28894153 PMCID: PMC5593950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Jatropha curcas L. (Family - Euphorbiaceae) is a perennial tree of special interest due to its potential as a biofuel plant with high carbon sequestration. In this study, physiological investigations coupled with transcriptomics in relation to photosynthesis were evaluated in Jatropha grown under ambient (395 ppm) and elevated (550 ppm) CO2 atmosphere. Morphophysiological analysis revealed that Jatropha sustained enhanced photosynthesis during its growth under elevated CO2 for one year which might be linked to improved CO2 assimilation physiology and enhanced sink activity. We sequenced and analyzed the leaf transcriptome of Jatropha after one year of growth in both conditions using Illumina HiSeq platform. After optimized assembly, a total of 69,581 unigenes were generated. The differential gene expression (DGE) analysis revealed 3013 transcripts differentially regulated in elevated CO2 conditions. The photosynthesis regulatory genes were analysed for temporal expression patterns at four different growth phases which highlighted probable events contributing to enhanced growth and photosynthetic capacity including increased reducing power, starch synthesis and sucrose mobilization under elevated CO2. Overall, our data on physiological and transcriptomic analyses suggest an optimal resource allocation to the available and developing sink organs thereby sustaining improved photosynthetic rates during long-term growth of Jatropha under CO2 enriched environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Photosynthesis and Stress Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rachapudi Venkata Sreeharsha
- Photosynthesis and Stress Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shalini Mudalkar
- Photosynthesis and Stress Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Attipalli Ramachandra Reddy
- Photosynthesis and Stress Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
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Sekhar KM, Reddy KS, Reddy AR. Amelioration of drought-induced negative responses by elevated CO 2 in field grown short rotation coppice mulberry (Morus spp.), a potential bio-energy tree crop. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 132:151-164. [PMID: 28238122 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Present study describes the responses of short rotation coppice (SRC) mulberry, a potential bio-energy tree, grown under interactive environment of elevated CO2 (E) and water stress (WS). Growth in E stimulated photosynthetic performance in well-watered (WW) as well as during WS with significant increases in light-saturated photosynthetic rates (A Sat), water use efficiency (WUEi), intercellular [CO2], and photosystem-II efficiency (F V/F M and ∆F/F M') with concomitant reduction in stomatal conductance (g s) and transpiration (E) compared to ambient CO2 (A) grown plants. Reduced levels of proline, H2O2, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and higher contents of antioxidants including ascorbic acid and total phenolics in WW and WS in E plants clearly demonstrated lesser oxidative damage. Further, A plants showed higher transcript abundance and antioxidant enzyme activities under WW as well as during initial stages of WS (15 days). However, with increasing drought imposition (30 days), A plants showed down regulation of antioxidant systems compared to their respective E plants. These results clearly demonstrated that future increased atmospheric CO2 enhances the photosynthetic potential and also mitigate the drought-induced oxidative stress in SRC mulberry. In conclusion, mulberry is a potential bio-energy tree crop which is best suitable for short rotation coppice forestry-based mitigation of increased [CO2] levels even under intermittent drought conditions, projected to prevail in the fast-changing global climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalva Madhana Sekhar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kanubothula Sitarami Reddy
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Attipalli Ramachandra Reddy
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Guzmán-Guillén R, Campos A, Machado J, Freitas M, Azevedo J, Pinto E, Almeida A, Cameán AM, Vasconcelos V. Effects of Chrysosporum (Aphanizomenon) ovalisporum extracts containing cylindrospermopsin on growth, photosynthetic capacity, and mineral content of carrots (Daucus carota). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:22-31. [PMID: 27770233 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1737-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural toxins produced by freshwater cyanobacteria, such as cylindrospermopsin, have been regarded as an emergent environmental threat. Despite the risks for food safety, the impact of these water contaminants in agriculture is not yet fully understood. Carrots (Daucus carota) are root vegetables, extensively consumed worldwide with great importance for human nourishment and economy. It is, therefore, important to evaluate the possible effects of using water contaminated with cyanotoxins on carrot cultivation. The aim of this work was to investigate cylindrospermopsin effects on D. carota grown in soil and irrigated for 30 days, with a Chrysosporum ovalisporum extract containing environmentally relevant concentrations of cylindrospermopsin (10 and 50 μg/L). The parameters evaluated were plant growth, photosynthetic capacity, and nutritional value (mineral content) in roots of carrots, as these are the edible parts of this plant crop. The results show that, exposure to cylindrospermopsin did not have a clear negative effect on growth or photosynthesis of D. carota, even leading to an increase of both parameters. However, alterations in mineral contents were detected after exposure to crude extracts of C. ovalisporum containing cylindrospermopsin. A general decline was observed for most minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, and P), although an increase was shown in the case of K and Cu, pointing to a possible interference of the cyanobacterial extract in mineral uptake. This study is the first to evaluate the effects of C. ovalisporum extracts on a root vegetable, however, more research is necessary to understand the effects of this toxin in environmentally relevant scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Campos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Porto, 4050-123, Portugal.
| | - Joana Machado
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Porto, 4050-123, Portugal
| | - Marisa Freitas
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Porto, 4050-123, Portugal
- Department of Environmental Health, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, CISA/Research Center in Environment and Health, Rua de Valente Perfeito, 322, Gaia, 4400-330, Portugal
| | - Joana Azevedo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Porto, 4050-123, Portugal
| | - Edgar Pinto
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
- Department of Environmental Health, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, CISA/Research Center in Environment and Health, Rua de Valente Perfeito, 322, Gaia, 4400-330, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Almeida
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Ana M Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Porto, 4050-123, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Department of Sciences of the University of Porto, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
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Differential responses in photosynthesis, growth and biomass yields in two mulberry genotypes grown under elevated CO 2 atmosphere. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 151:172-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sreeharsha RV, Sekhar KM, Reddy AR. Delayed flowering is associated with lack of photosynthetic acclimation in Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) grown under elevated CO₂. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 231:82-93. [PMID: 25575994 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the likely consequences of future atmospheric CO2 concentrations [CO2] on growth, physiology and reproductive phenology of Pigeonpea. A short duration Pigeonpea cultivar (ICPL 15011) was grown without N fertilizer from emergence to final harvest in CO2 enriched atmosphere (open top chambers; 550μmolmol(-1)) for two seasons. CO2 enrichment improved both net photosynthetic rates (Asat) and foliar carbohydrate content by 36 and 43%, respectively, which further reflected in dry biomass after harvest, showing an increment of 29% over the control plants. Greater carboxylation rates of Rubisco (Vcmax) and photosynthetic electron transport rates (Jmax) in elevated CO2 grown plants measured during different growth periods, clearly demonstrated lack of photosynthetic acclimation. Further, chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements as indicated by Fv/Fm and ΔF/Fm' ratios justified enhanced photosystem II efficiency. Mass and number of root nodules were significantly high in elevated CO2 grown plants showing 58% increase in nodule mass ratio (NMR) which directly correlated with Pn. Growth under high CO2 showed significant ontogenic changes including delayed flowering. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the lack of photosynthetic acclimation and increased carbohydrate-nitrogen reserves modulate the vegetative and reproductive growth patterns in Pigeonpea grown under elevated CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachapudi Venkata Sreeharsha
- Photosynthesis and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, AP, India
| | - Kalva Madhana Sekhar
- Photosynthesis and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, AP, India
| | - Attipalli Ramachandra Reddy
- Photosynthesis and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, AP, India.
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