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Zheng N, Wang Q, Zhang S, Mao C, He L, Liu S. Recent advances in nanotechnology mediated mitochondria-targeted imaging. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7450-7459. [PMID: 35894786 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00935h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in cell growth and metabolism. And mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to various diseases, such as cancers, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is of vital importance to monitor mitochondrial dynamics and function. One of the most widely used methods is to use nanotechnology-mediated mitochondria targeting and imaging. It has gained increasing attention in the past few years because of the flexibility, versatility and effectiveness of nanotechnology. In the past few years, researchers have implemented various types of design and construction of the mitochondrial structure dependent nanoprobes following assorted nanotechnology pathways. This review presents an overview on the recent development of mitochondrial structure dependent target imaging probes and classifies it into two main sections: mitochondrial membrane targeting and mitochondrial microenvironment targeting. Also, the significant impact of previous research as well as the application and perspectives will be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zheng
- School of Medicine and Health, Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Qinghui Wang
- School of Medicine and Health, Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Shijin Zhang
- School of Medicine and Health, Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Chenchen Mao
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80303, USA
| | - Liangcan He
- School of Medicine and Health, Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Medicine and Health, Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Bae Y, Kim GY, Jessa F, Ko KS, Han J. Gallic acid-mitochondria targeting sequence-H 3R 9 induces mitochondria-targeted cytoprotection. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:15-24. [PMID: 34965992 PMCID: PMC8723982 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of selective targeting of drug molecules towards the mitochondria is an important issue related to therapy efficacy. In this study, we report that gallic acid (GA)-mitochondria targeting sequence (MTS)-H3R9 exhibits a dual role as a mitochondria-targeting vehicle with antioxidant activity for disease therapy. In viability assays, GA-MTS-H3R9 showed a better rescue action compared to that of MTS-H3R9. GA-MTS-H3R9 dramatically exhibited cell penetration and intercellular uptake compared to MTS and fit escape from lysosome release to the cytosol. We demonstrated the useful targeting of GA-MTS-H3R9 towards mitochondria in AC16 cells. Also, we observed that the antioxidant properties of mitochondrial-accrued GA-MTS-H3R9 alleviated cell damage by reactive oxygen species production and disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential. GA-MTS-H3R9 showed a very increased cytoprotective effect against anticancer activity compared to that of MTS-H3R9. We showed that GA-MTS-H3R9 can act as a vehicle for mitochondria-targeting and as a reagent for therapeutic applications intended for cardiovascular disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhee Bae
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
- Division of Applied Medicine, Research Institute for Korea Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Goo-Young Kim
- Department of Biology and Clinical Pharmacology, R&D Center, Samyang Biopharmaceuticals Corporation, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Flores Jessa
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Seoul 01757, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
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Kim S, Lee J, Choi J, Nam HY, Seo J, Lee J. Synthesis and structure‐activity relationship of mitochondria‐targeting peptoids with varying hydrophobicity and cationic charge. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea
| | - Ji‐Yu Lee
- Department of Next‐Generation Applied Science Sungshin University Seoul South Korea
| | - Jieun Choi
- Department of Chemistry Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Nam
- Department of Chemistry Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea
| | - Jiyoun Lee
- Department of Next‐Generation Applied Science Sungshin University Seoul South Korea
- School of Biopharmaceutical and Medical Sciences Sungshin University Seoul South Korea
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Wang H, Fang B, Peng B, Wang L, Xue Y, Bai H, Lu S, Voelcker NH, Li L, Fu L, Huang W. Recent Advances in Chemical Biology of Mitochondria Targeting. Front Chem 2021; 9:683220. [PMID: 34012953 PMCID: PMC8126688 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.683220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are vital subcellular organelles that generate most cellular chemical energy, regulate cell metabolism and maintain cell function. Mitochondrial dysfunction is directly linked to numerous diseases including neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, thyroid squamous disease, cancer and septicemia. Thus, the design of specific mitochondria-targeting molecules and the realization of real-time acquisition of mitochondrial activity are powerful tools in the study and treatment of mitochondria dysfunction in related diseases. Recent advances in mitochondria-targeting agents have led to several important mitochondria chemical probes that offer the opportunity for selective targeting molecules, novel biological applications and therapeutic strategies. This review details the structural and physiological functional characteristics of mitochondria, and comprehensively summarizes and classifies mitochondria-targeting agents. In addition, their pros and cons and their related chemical biological applications are discussed. Finally, the potential biomedical applications of these agents are briefly prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Limin Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yufei Xue
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shenci Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Li Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
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Zaidieh T, Smith JR, Ball KE, An Q. Mitochondrial DNA abnormalities provide mechanistic insight and predict reactive oxygen species-stimulating drug efficacy. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:427. [PMID: 33865346 PMCID: PMC8053302 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Associations between mitochondrial genetic abnormalities (variations and copy number, i.e. mtDNAcn, change) and elevated ROS have been reported in cancer compared to normal cells. Since excessive levels of ROS can trigger apoptosis, treating cancer cells with ROS-stimulating agents may enhance their death. This study aimed to investigate the link between baseline ROS levels and mitochondrial genetic abnormalities, and how mtDNA abnormalities might be used to predict cancer cells’ response to ROS-stimulating therapy. Methods Intracellular and mitochondrial specific-ROS levels were measured using the DCFDA and MitoSOX probes, respectively, in four cancer and one non-cancerous cell lines. Cells were treated with ROS-stimulating agents (cisplatin and dequalinium) and the IC50s were determined using the MTS assay. Sanger sequencing and qPCR were conducted to screen the complete mitochondrial genome for variations and to relatively quantify mtDNAcn, respectively. Non-synonymous variations were subjected to 3-dimensional (3D) protein structural mapping and analysis. Results Our data revealed novel significant associations between the total number of variations in the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complex I and III genes, mtDNAcn, ROS levels, and ROS-associated drug response. Furthermore, functional variations in complexes I/III correlated significantly and positively with mtDNAcn, ROS levels and drug resistance, indicating they might mechanistically influence these parameters in cancer cells. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mtDNAcn and complexes I/III functional variations have the potential to be efficient biomarkers to predict ROS-stimulating therapy efficacy in the future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08155-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Zaidieh
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK. .,Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - James R Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Karen E Ball
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Qian An
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK.
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Bailly C. Medicinal applications and molecular targets of dequalinium chloride. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114467. [PMID: 33577890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
For more than 60 years dequalinium chloride (DQ) has been used as anti-infective drug, mainly to treat local infections. It is a standard drug to treat bacterial vaginosis and an active ingredient of sore-throat lozenges. As a lipophilic bis-quaternary ammonium molecule, the drug displays membrane effects and selectively targets mitochondria to deplete DNA and to block energy production in cells. But beyond its mitochondriotropic property, DQ can interfere with the correct functioning of diverse proteins. A dozen of DQ protein targets have been identified and their implication in the antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic and anticancer properties of the drug is discussed here. The anticancer effects of DQ combine a mitochondrial action, a selective inhibition of kinases (PKC-α/β, Cdc7/Dbf4), and a modulation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels. At the bacterial level, DQ interacts with different multidrug transporters (QacR, AcrB, EmrE) and with the transcriptional regulator RamR. Other proteins implicated in the antiviral (MPER domain of gp41 HIV-1) and antiparasitic (chitinase A from Vibrio harveyi) activities have been identified. DQ also targets α -synuclein oligomers to restrict protofibrils formation implicated in some neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, DQ is a typical bolaamphiphile molecule, well suited to form liposomes and nanoparticules useful for drug entrapment and delivery (DQAsomes and others). Altogether, the review highlights the many pharmacological properties and therapeutic benefits of this old 'multi-talented' drug, which may be exploited further. Its multiple sites of actions in cells should be kept in mind when using DQ in experimental research.
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Pan Y, Zhao S, Chen F. The potential value of dequalinium chloride in the treatment of cancer: Focus on malignant glioma. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:445-454. [PMID: 33496065 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dequalinium chloride has been known as one kind of antibiotic that displays a broad antimicrobial spectrum and has been clinically proven to be very safe. In recent years, studies have shown that dequalinium chloride can inhibit the growth of malignant tumours, and reports were mainly used for solid tumours. Glioblastoma is the most common malignant neuroepithelial tumour of the central nervous system in adults, and the prognosis of glioblastoma is poor as it has a high resistance to apoptosis. This review summarizes the current understanding of dequalinium chloride-induced cancer cell apoptosis and its potential role in glioblastoma resistance and progression. Particularly, we focus on dequalinium chloride as it exerts a wide range of anti-cancer activity through its ability to target and accumulate in the mitochondria, and it effectively inhibits the growth of glioblastoma cells in vitro and vivo. Dequalinium chloride is an inhibitor of XIAP and can also act as a mitochondrial targeting agent, which gives it an interesting perspective regarding recent advances in the treatment of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehai Pan
- Department of Hand and foot surgery, The affiliated hospital of QingDao university, ShangDong, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The affiliated hospital of QingDao university, ShangDong, China
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Mitocans Revisited: Mitochondrial Targeting as Efficient Anti-Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217941. [PMID: 33114695 PMCID: PMC7663685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential cellular organelles, controlling multiple signalling pathways critical for cell survival and cell death. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial metabolism and functions are indispensable in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, rendering mitochondria and mitochondrial functions as plausible targets for anti-cancer therapeutics. In this review, we summarised the major strategies of selective targeting of mitochondria and their functions to combat cancer, including targeting mitochondrial metabolism, the electron transport chain and tricarboxylic acid cycle, mitochondrial redox signalling pathways, and ROS homeostasis. We highlight that delivering anti-cancer drugs into mitochondria exhibits enormous potential for future cancer therapeutic strategies, with a great advantage of potentially overcoming drug resistance. Mitocans, exemplified by mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate and tamoxifen (MitoTam), selectively target cancer cell mitochondria and efficiently kill multiple types of cancer cells by disrupting mitochondrial function, with MitoTam currently undergoing a clinical trial.
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Yu Y, Yang B, Yu J, Zhao G, Chen F. Dequalinium chloride inhibits the growth of human glioma cells in vitro and vivo: a study on molecular mechanism and potential targeted agents. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2020; 162:1683-1690. [PMID: 32410120 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-020-04401-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our current understanding of the role of dequalinium chloride (DECA) in the progression of glioma remains very limited. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of DECA on human glioma cell lines in vitro and vivo. METHODS The underlying molecular mechanism was analyzed for developing potential targeted agents. MTT assay, genomic DNA electrophoresis, DAPI staining, TUNEL staining, and wound scratch assay were performed to evaluate the effect of DECA on human glioma cell lines. Bioinformatics methods were used to screen the possible signaling pathway proteins, and the expression of these proteins and the corresponding mRNA was measured. RESULTS DECA significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of human glioma cells. Screening of apoptosis-related proteins showed the mRNA expression level of 6 genes was significantly changed after DECA administration. CONCLUSION This study shows that DECA effectively inhibits the growth of glioma cells in vitro and vivo. DECA may promote glioma cell apoptosis by affecting the expression of NFKB2, HRAS, NF1, CBL, RAF1, and BCL-2 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Hematology, The second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jinlu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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Aspirin Enhances the Protection of Hsp90 from Heat-Stressed Injury in Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells Through PI3K-Akt and PKM2 Pathways. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010243. [PMID: 31963688 PMCID: PMC7016979 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) often causes sudden death of humans and animals due to heart failure, mainly resulting from the contraction of cardiac microvasculature followed by myocardial ischemia. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMVECs) play an important role in maintaining vasodilatation. Aspirin (ASA) is well known for its protective abilities of febrile animals. However, there is little knowledge about molecular resistance mechanisms of CMVECs and which role ASA may play in this context. Therefore, we used a heat stress model of rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cell cultures in vitro and investigated the cell injuries and molecular resistance mechanism of CMVECs caused by heat stress, and the effect of aspirin (ASA) on it. HS induced severe pathological damage of CMVECs and cellular oxidative stress and dysfunction of NO release. Hsp90 was proven to be indispensable for resisting HS-injury of CMVECs through PI3K-Akt and PKM2 signaling pathways. Meanwhile, PKM2 functioned in reducing Akt phosphorylation. ASA treatment of CMVECs induced a significant expression of Hsp90, which promoted both Akt and PKM2 signals, which are beneficial for relieving HS damage and maintaining the function of CMVECs. Akt activation also promoted HSF-1 that regulates the expression of Hsp70, which is known to assist Hsp90′s molecular chaperone function and when released to the extracellular liquid to protect myocardial cells from HS damage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that HS damages CMVECs and the protection mechanism of Hsp90 on it, and that ASA provides a new potential strategy for regulating cardiac microcirculation preventing HS-induced heart failure.
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Zaidieh T, Smith JR, Ball KE, An Q. ROS as a novel indicator to predict anticancer drug efficacy. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1224. [PMID: 31842863 PMCID: PMC6916036 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are considered a primary intracellular site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Generally, cancer cells with mitochondrial genetic abnormalities (copy number change and mutations) have escalated ROS levels compared to normal cells. Since high levels of ROS can trigger apoptosis, treating cancer cells with low doses of mitochondria-targeting / ROS-stimulating agents may offer cancer-specific therapy. This study aimed to investigate how baseline ROS levels might influence cancer cells’ response to ROS-stimulating therapy. Methods Four cancer and one normal cell lines were treated with a conventional drug (cisplatin) and a mitochondria-targeting agent (dequalinium chloride hydrate) separately and jointly. Cell viability was assessed and drug combination synergisms were indicated by the combination index (CI). Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured, and the relative expression levels of the genes and proteins involved in ROS-mediated apoptosis pathways were also investigated. Results Our data showed a correlation between the baseline ROS level, mtDNAcn and drug sensitivity in the tested cells. Synergistic effect of both drugs was also observed with ROS being the key contributor in cell death. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mitochondria-targeting therapy could be more effective compared to conventional treatments. In addition, cancer cells with low levels of ROS may be more sensitive to the treatment, while cells with high levels of ROS may be more resistant. Doubtlessly, further studies employing a wider range of cell lines and in vivo experiments are needed to validate our results. However, this study provides an insight into understanding the influence of intracellular ROS on drug sensitivity, and may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies to improve efficacy of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Zaidieh
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK.
| | - James R Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Karen E Ball
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Qian An
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK.
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Kim S, Nam HY, Lee J, Seo J. Mitochondrion-Targeting Peptides and Peptidomimetics: Recent Progress and Design Principles. Biochemistry 2019; 59:270-284. [PMID: 31696703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional subcellular organelles whose operations encompass energy production, signal transduction, and metabolic regulation. Given their wide range of roles, they have been studied extensively as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrion-mediated pathways have been identified as promising targets in the context of these diseases. However, the delivery of specific probes and drugs to the mitochondria is one of the major problems that remains to be solved. Over the past decade, much effort has been devoted to developing mitochondrion-targeted delivery methods based on the membrane characteristics and the protein import machinery of mitochondria. While various methods utilizing small molecules to polymeric particles have been introduced, it is notable that many of these compounds share common structural elements and physicochemical properties for optimal selectivity and efficiency. In this Perspective, we will review the most recently developed mitochondrion-targeting peptides and peptidomimetics to outline the key aspects of structural requirements and design principles. We will also discuss successful and potential applications of mitochondrial delivery to assess opportunities and challenges in the targeting of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Nam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoun Lee
- Department of Global Medical Science , Sungshin University , Seoul 01133 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
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Yin F, Yan J, Zhao Y, Guo KJ, Zhang ZL, Li AP, Meng CY, Guo L. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells repair Cr (VI)- injured kidney by regulating mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and mitophagy mediated via the MAPK signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 176:234-241. [PMID: 30939403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the repair effect and mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on injured kidneys caused by hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)). Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0.4 mg/kg•bw Cr (VI) ion solution. After 30 days, 1 × 107 BMSCs were transplanted into rats. After cell transplantation for 2 weeks, there was no significant difference in the chromium content between the model and BMSCs-therapy group by atomic absorption spectrometry. In BMSCs-therapy group, the renal organ index, the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE), malonaldehyde (MDA) content were significantly decreased, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly elevated, and the pathological changes were improved compared with the model group. The results of immunohistochemical and western blot assays showed that the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Cytochrome c, and Caspase-3, as well as autophagy-associated proteins Beclin 1, PINK1, Parkin, p-Parkin, LC3B, and the MAPK signaling pathway, including the ratio of p-p38 to p38 and p-JNK to JNK were all significantly decreased, Bcl-2 and p62 expressions, and the ratio of p-ERK to ERK were significantly elevated in BMSCs-therapy group compared with the model group. These results suggested that BMSCs repaired Cr (VI)-injured kidney through decreasing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and mitophagy mediated by downregulating phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, upregulating phosphorylation of ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Ke-Jun Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Zhi-Li Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - An-Pei Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Chun-Yang Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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14
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Mallick S, Song SJ, Bae Y, Choi JS. Self-assembled nanoparticles composed of glycol chitosan-dequalinium for mitochondria-targeted drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:451-460. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Leanza L, Checchetto V, Biasutto L, Rossa A, Costa R, Bachmann M, Zoratti M, Szabo I. Pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial ion channels. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4258-4283. [PMID: 30440086 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of mitochondrial ion channels has undergone a rapid development during the last three decades, due to the molecular identification of some of the channels residing in the outer and inner membranes. Relevant information about the function of these channels in physiological and pathological settings was gained thanks to genetic models for a few, mitochondria-specific channels. However, many ion channels have multiple localizations within the cell, hampering a clear-cut determination of their function by pharmacological means. The present review summarizes our current knowledge about the ins and outs of mitochondrial ion channels, with special focus on the channels that have received much attention in recent years, namely, the voltage-dependent anion channels, the permeability transition pore (also called mitochondrial megachannel), the mitochondrial calcium uniporter and some of the inner membrane-located potassium channels. In addition, possible strategies to overcome the difficulties of specifically targeting mitochondrial channels versus their counterparts active in other membranes are discussed, as well as the possibilities of modulating channel function by small peptides that compete for binding with protein interacting partners. Altogether, these promising tools along with large-scale chemical screenings set up to identify new, specific channel modulators will hopefully allow us to pinpoint the actual function of most mitochondrial ion channels in the near future and to pharmacologically affect important pathologies in which they are involved, such as neurodegeneration, ischaemic damage and cancer. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Mitochondrial Pharmacology: Featured Mechanisms and Approaches for Therapy Translation. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.22/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Costa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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16
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Cheng AN, Lo YK, Lin YS, Tang TK, Hsu CH, Hsu JTA, Lee AYL. Identification of Novel Cdc7 Kinase Inhibitors as Anti-Cancer Agents that Target the Interaction with Dbf4 by the Fragment Complementation and Drug Repositioning Approach. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:241-251. [PMID: 30293817 PMCID: PMC6197782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cdc7-Dbf4 is a conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in initiation of DNA replication and DNA damage tolerance in eukaryotic cells. Cdc7 has been found overexpressed in human cancer cell lines and tumor tissues, and the knockdown of Cdc7 expression causes an p53-independent apoptosis, suggesting that Cdc7 is a target for cancer therapy. Only a handful Cdc7 kinase inhibitors have been reported. All Cdc7 kinase inhibitors, including PHA-767491, were identified and characterized as ATP-competitive inhibitors. Unfortunately, these ATP-competitive Cdc7 inhibitors have no good effect on clinical trial. METHODS Here, we have developed a novel drug-screening platform to interrupt the interaction between Cdc7 and Dbf4 based on Renilla reniformis luciferase (Rluc)-linked protein-fragment complementation assay (Rluc-PCA). Using drug repositioning approach, we found several promising Cdc7 inhibitors for cancer therapy from a FDA-approved drug library. FINDINGS Our data showed that dequalinium chloride and clofoctol we screened inhibit S phase progression, accumulation in G2/M phase, and Cdc7 kinase activity. In addition, in vivo mice animal study suggests that dequalinium chloride has a promising anti-tumor activity in oral cancer. Interestingly, we also found that dequalinium chloride and clofoctol sensitize the effect of platinum compounds and radiation due to synergistic effect. In conclusion, we identified non-ATP-competitive Cdc7 kinase inhibitors that not only blocks DNA synthesis at the beginning but also sensitizes cancer cells to DNA damage agents. INTERPRETATION The inhibitors will be a promising anti-cancer agent and enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy and radiation for current cancer therapy. FUND: This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Health and Welfare, and National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Ning Cheng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Lo
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sheng Lin
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tswen-Kei Tang
- Department of Nursing, National Quemoy University, Kinmen 89250, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hua Hsu
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - John T-A Hsu
- National Health Research Institutes, Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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17
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Battogtokh G, Cho YY, Lee JY, Lee HS, Kang HC. Mitochondrial-Targeting Anticancer Agent Conjugates and Nanocarrier Systems for Cancer Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:922. [PMID: 30174604 PMCID: PMC6107715 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion is an important intracellular organelle for drug targeting due to its key roles and functions in cellular proliferation and death. In the last few decades, several studies have revealed mitochondrial functions, attracting the focus of many researchers to work in this field over nuclear targeting. Mitochondrial targeting was initiated in 1995 with a triphenylphosphonium-thiobutyl conjugate as an antioxidant agent. The major driving force for mitochondrial targeting in cancer cells is the higher mitochondrial membrane potential compared with that of the cytosol, which allows some molecules to selectively target mitochondria. In this review, we discuss mitochondria-targeting ligand-conjugated anticancer agents and their in vitro and in vivo behaviors. In addition, we describe a mitochondria-targeting nanocarrier system for anticancer drug delivery. As previously reported, several agents have been known to have mitochondrial targeting potential; however, they are not sufficient for direct application for cancer therapy. Thus, many studies have focused on direct conjugation of targeting ligands to therapeutic agents to improve their efficacy. There are many variables for optimal mitochondria-targeted agent development, such as choosing a correct targeting ligand and linker. However, using the nanocarrier system could solve some issues related to solubility and selectivity. Thus, this review focuses on mitochondria-targeting drug conjugates and mitochondria-targeted nanocarrier systems for anticancer agent delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Han Chang Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
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18
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Belosludtsev KN, Belosludtseva NV, Tenkov KS, Sharapov VA, Kosareva EA, Dubinin MV. Effect of Dequalinium on Respiration and the Inner Membrane Permeability of Rat Liver Mitochondria. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES A: MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2018; 12:121-127. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747818020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
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19
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Bae Y, Jung MK, Mun JY, Mallick S, Song SJ, Kim DM, Ko KS, Han J, Choi JS. DQAsomes Nanoparticles Promote Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhee Bae
- Department of Physiology; College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University; Busan 614-735 Korea
| | - Min Kyo Jung
- Department of Convergence Medicine; University of Ulsan College of Medicine & Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center; Seoul South Korea
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science; College of Health Science, Eulji University; Seongnam 461-713 Korea
| | - Sudipta Mallick
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University; Daejeon 305-764 Korea
| | - Su Jeong Song
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University; Daejeon 305-764 Korea
| | - Dong Min Kim
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University; Daejeon 305-764 Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine; Sanggye Paik Hospital, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University; Seoul 139-707 Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology; College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University; Busan 614-735 Korea
| | - Joon Sig Choi
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University; Daejeon 305-764 Korea
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20
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Bae Y, Jung MK, Lee S, Song SJ, Mun JY, Green ES, Han J, Ko KS, Choi JS. Dequalinium-based functional nanosomes show increased mitochondria targeting and anticancer effect. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 124:104-115. [PMID: 29305141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are targets with great potential for therapeutics for many human disorders. However, drug delivery systems for such therapeutics remain in need of more efficient mitochondrial-targeting carriers. In this study, we report that nanosomes composed of Dequalinium/DOTAP (1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane)/DOPE (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine), called DQA80s, can act in the dual role of mitochondrial-targeting carrier and anticancer agent for therapeutic interventions against mitochondrial diseases. In cytotoxicity assays, DQA80s were shown to be more toxic than DQAsomes. The DQA80s showed significantly increased cellular uptake as compared to that of DQAsomes, and DQA80s also showed more efficient escape from the endolysosome to the cytosol. We observed the efficient targeting of DQA80s to mitochondria in living cells using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and TEM imaging. We also found evidence of anticancer potential that mitochondrial-targeted DQA80s induced apoptosis by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via MAPK signaling pathways, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and the caspase-3 activation. The present study demonstrates that DQA80s have excellent dual potential both as a carrier and as an anticancer therapeutic for mitochondria-related disease therapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhee Bae
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, South Korea
| | - Min Kyo Jung
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulgi Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Su Jeong Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Eric S Green
- Salt Lake Community College, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, South Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Seoul 139-707, South Korea.
| | - Joon Sig Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea.
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21
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Bae Y, Jung MK, Song SJ, Green ES, Lee S, Park HS, Jeong SH, Han J, Mun JY, Ko KS, Choi JS. Functional nanosome for enhanced mitochondria-targeted gene delivery and expression. Mitochondrion 2017; 37:27-40. [PMID: 28669809 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria dysfunction plays a role in many human diseases. Therapeutic techniques for these disorders require novel delivery systems that can specifically target and penetrate mitochondria. In this study, we report a novel nanosome composed of dequalinium-DOTAP-DOPE (1,2 dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane-1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine) (DQA80s) as a potential mitochondria-targeting delivery vector. The functional DQAsome, DQA80s, showed enhanced transfection efficiency compared to a vector DQAsomes in HeLa cells and dermal fibroblasts. In addition, DQA80s/pDNA complexes exhibited rapid escape from the endosome into the cytosol. We observed the delivery of pDNA to mitochondria in living cells using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and TME imaging. More specifically, we confirmed our results by co-localization of hmtZsGreen constructs to mitochondria when delivered via DQAsomes and DQA80s in living cells. The mitochondria-targeting DQAsomes and DQA80s induced mitochondrial dysfunction through depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Our data demonstrate that DQA80s show promise for use as a mitochondria-targeted carrier system for treatment of mitochondria diseases in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhee Bae
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyo Jung
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jeong Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric S Green
- Salt Lake Community College, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Seulgi Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Sook Park
- Cell engineering for origin Research Center 46-21, Susong-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-140, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jeong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do 461-713, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Program, Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Seoul 139-707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joon Sig Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Gupta P, Jani KA, Yang DH, Sadoqi M, Squillante E, Chen ZS. Revisiting the role of nanoparticles as modulators of drug resistance and metabolism in cancer. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:281-9. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2016.1145655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Khushboo A. Jani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Mostafa Sadoqi
- Department of Physics, St. John’s College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Emilio Squillante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, New York, USA
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23
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Gañán-Gómez I, Estañ-Omaña MC, Sancho P, Aller P, Boyano-Adánez MC. Mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis in the human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line NB4. Ann Hematol 2014; 94:379-92. [PMID: 25322811 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-014-2237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Current frontline therapies have improved overall survival in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients to exceptional rates; however, relapse is still a problem among high-risk and old patients. Therefore, the development of better and safer therapies continues to be a goal in the treatment of this disease. In the present work, we examined three different pathways that hinder cell death in the APL cell line NB4, shedding light on the mechanisms that underlie resistance to apoptosis in these cells and that might help provide them with a proliferative advantage. We found that the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 specifically induces in NB4 cells an Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response which counteracts mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induced by the lipophilic cation dequalinium. More importantly, we also demonstrated that high basal autophagy levels and the gain-of-function of mutant p53 are intrinsic mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis in this cell line. According to our results, the pharmacological inhibition of autophagy and p53 mutants are useful tools to explore resistance to apoptosis in APL and other types of cancer and could be the bases of new therapeutic approaches that improve the efficiency and allow dose reduction of the current treatments.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Antioxidants/metabolism
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/genetics
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Dequalinium/administration & dosage
- Dequalinium/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
- Leupeptins/administration & dosage
- Leupeptins/pharmacology
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gañán-Gómez
- Department of System Biology, Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá (UAH), Carretera Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.6 s/n, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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24
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García-Pérez AI, Galeano E, Nieto E, Estañ MC, Sancho P. Dequalinium induces cytotoxicity in human leukemia NB4 cells by downregulation of Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and potentiation of specific inhibitors of these pathways. Leuk Res 2014; 38:795-803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Rubio V, Calviño E, García-Pérez A, Herráez A, Diez JC. Human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells are sensitive to esculetin through induction of an apoptotic mechanism. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 220:129-39. [PMID: 24995577 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a type of cancer, in which immature cells called promyelocytes proliferate abnormally. Human NB4 cell line appears to be a suitable in vitro model to express the characteristics of APL. In this work, we have investigated the effects of esculetin, a coumarin derivative with antioxidant properties, on the viability, the induction of apoptosis and the expression of apoptotic factors in NB4 cells. Cells treated with esculetin at several concentrations (20-500 μM) and for different times (5-24 h) showed a concentration- and time-dependent viability decrease with increased subdiploid DNA production. Esculetin inhibited cell cycle progression and induced DNA fragmentation. Moreover, annexin-V-FITC cytometry assays suggested that increased toxicity is due to both early and late apoptosis. This apoptosis process is be mediated by activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. Treatments with progressively increasing concentrations (from 100 μM to 500 μM) of esculetin produced a reduction of Bcl2/Bax ratio in NB4 cells at 19 h, without affecting p53 levels. Proapoptotic action of esculetin involves the ERK MAP kinase cascade since increased levels of phosphorylated ERK were observed after those treatments. Increments in the levels of phosphorylated-Akt were also observed. Additionally, esculetin induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential with a release of cytochrome c into the cytosol which starts at 6 h of treatment with esculetin and increases up to 24 h. Esculetin induced an increase in superoxide anion at long times of treatment and a reduction of peroxides at short times (1 h) with an observed increase at 2-4 h of treatment. No significant changes in NO production was observed. Esculetin reduced the GSH levels in a time-dependent manner. In summary, the present work shows the cytotoxic action of esculetin as an efficient tool to study apoptosis mechanism induction on NB4 cell line used as a relevant model of APL disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Rubio
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Eva Calviño
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Ana García-Pérez
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Angel Herráez
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - José C Diez
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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26
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Makowska K, Estañ MC, Gañán-Gómez I, Boyano-Adánez MC, García-Pérez AI, Sancho P. Changes in mitochondrial function induced by dequalinium precede oxidative stress and apoptosis in the human prostate-cancer cell line PC-3. Mol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893314030133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Gu ZT, Wang H, Li L, Liu YS, Deng XB, Huo SF, Yuan FF, Liu ZF, Tong HS, Su L. Heat stress induces apoptosis through transcription-independent p53-mediated mitochondrial pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cell. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4469. [PMID: 24667845 PMCID: PMC3966036 DOI: 10.1038/srep04469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells apoptosis induced by intense heat stress is the prominent feature of heat-related illness. However, little is known about the biological effects of heat stress on cells apoptosis. Herein, we presented evidence that intense heat stress could induce early apoptosis of HUVEC cells through activating mitochondrial pathway with changes in mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm), release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9 and -3. We further revealed that p53 played a crucial role in heat stress-induced early apoptosis, with p53 protein rapidly translocated into mitochondria. Using pifithrin-α(PFT), a p53's mitochondrial translocation inhibitor, we found that pretreated with PFT, heat stress induced mitochondrial p53 translocation was significantly suppressed, accompanied by a significant alleviation in the loss of ΔΨm, cytochrome c release and caspase-9 activation. Furthermore, we also found that generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was a critical mediator in heat stress-induced apoptosis. In addition, the antioxidant MnTMPyP significantly decreased the heat stress-induced p53's mitochondrial translocation, followed by the loss of ΔΨm, cytochrome c release, caspase-9 activation and heat stress-mediated apoptosis. Conclusively, these findings indicate the contribution of the transcription-independent mitochondrial p53 pathway to early apoptosis in HUVEC cells induced by oxidative stress in response to intense heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z T Gu
- 1] The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P R China [2] Department of intensive care unit, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Key Laboratory of Tropical Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, Guangzhou, PR China [3]
| | - H Wang
- 1] Department of Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China [2]
| | - L Li
- 1] The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P R China [2] Department of intensive care unit, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Key Laboratory of Tropical Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, Guangzhou, PR China [3]
| | - Y S Liu
- Department of intensive care unit, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Key Laboratory of Tropical Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - X B Deng
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - S F Huo
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - F F Yuan
- 1] The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P R China [2] Department of intensive care unit, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Key Laboratory of Tropical Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Z F Liu
- Department of intensive care unit, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Key Laboratory of Tropical Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - H S Tong
- Department of intensive care unit, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Key Laboratory of Tropical Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - L Su
- Department of intensive care unit, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Key Laboratory of Tropical Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, Guangzhou, PR China
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Rodrigues JR, Charris J, Camacho J, Barazarte A, Gamboa N, Nitzsche B, Höpfner M, Lein M, Jung K, Abramjuk C. N′-Formyl-2-(5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)benzothiazole-6-carbohydrazide as a potential anti-tumour agent for prostate cancer in experimental studies. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 65:411-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01607.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Benzothiazoles (BZTs) represent organic compounds with different biological actions. In this study we aimed to investigate ten newly synthesized BZT derivatives as potential anti-tumour agents against prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo.
Methods
The cytotoxic effect of these compounds was screened on the human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and LNCaP. The most effective compound, N′-formyl-2-(5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)benzothiazole-6-carbohydrazide, was further characterized regarding its dose- and time-dependent effects on cell viability and proliferation (XTT test) as well as on adhesion and spreading (real-time cell analyzer xCelligence), migration (scratch-wound repair assay) and invasion (Boyden chamber) of the cells. This BZT derivative was also tested as an inhibitor of angiogenesis (chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay), clonogenic activity (soft agar) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (gelatin zymography).
Key findings
N′-Formyl-2-(5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)benzothiazole-6-carbohydrazide significantly inhibited all tested properties of the prostate cancer cell lines and showed low toxic in vitro and in vivo effects. The in vitro anti-tumour activity of this compound was confirmed by the in vivo effects on PC-3 xenografts in nude mice. Tumour growth was decreased in treated compared with untreated mice.
Conclusions
These results suggest the potential capacity of BZTs and in particular N′-formyl-2-(5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)benzothiazole-6-carbohydrazide as anti-tumour agents for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan R Rodrigues
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jaime Charris
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - José Camacho
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Arthur Barazarte
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Neira Gamboa
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Bianca Nitzsche
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physiology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Höpfner
- Department of Physiology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Lein
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Teaching Hospital, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Klaus Jung
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Abramjuk
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Sancho P, Galeano E, Estañ MC, Gañán-Gómez I, Boyano-Adánez MDC, García-Pérez AI. Raf/MEK/ERK signaling inhibition enhances the ability of dequalinium to induce apoptosis in the human leukemic cell line K562. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2012; 237:933-42. [DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2012.011423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Delocalized lipophilic cations, such as dequalinium (DQA), selectively accumulate in mitochondria and display anticancer activity in cells from different malignancies. Previous studies in K562 human leukemic cells indicate that DQA causes cell damage as a consequence of an early disturbance in the mitochondrial function, inducing oxidative stress. These cells turned out to be resistant to apoptosis and died by necrosis when treated with high DQA concentrations (20 μmol/L) for long time periods (48 h). Resistance of K562 cells to DQA-induced apoptosis could be eliminated by inhibition of the kinase activity of the Bcr-Abl protein with imatinib. In this paper, we have studied the effect of DQA on the Raf/MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathways in K562 cells. Our data suggest a DQA downregulatory activity on both ERK1/2 and PI3K protein kinase activity supporting an interaction between both proteins. Moreover, inhibition of ERK1/2 with U0126 enhanced the ability of DQA to potentiate imatinib-induced apoptosis, suggesting a role of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway and the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase in the K562 cell survival. This study contributes to a better understanding of the action mechanism of DQA on K562 cells and encourages the study of DQA in combination with other agents for improving the efficacy of targeted therapies and overcoming resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sancho
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Eva Galeano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Avda. Pío XII 55, 31008 Pamplona
| | - María Cristina Estañ
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Gañán-Gómez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - María del Carmen Boyano-Adánez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Ana Isabel García-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
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30
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Yu Y, Wang ZH, Zhang L, Yao HJ, Zhang Y, Li RJ, Ju RJ, Wang XX, Zhou J, Li N, Lu WL. Mitochondrial targeting topotecan-loaded liposomes for treating drug-resistant breast cancer and inhibiting invasive metastases of melanoma. Biomaterials 2011; 33:1808-20. [PMID: 22136714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance and cancer metastases are two obstacles to a successful chemotherapy and metastases are closely associated with drug resistance. Mitochondrial targeting topotecan-loaded liposomes have been developed to overcome this resistance and resistance-related metastases. Investigations were performed on breast cancer MCF-7 and resistant MCF-7/adr cells, MCF-7 and resistant MCF-7/adr tumor spheroids, resistant MCF-7/adr cell xenografts in nude mice, and a naturally resistant B16 melanoma metastatic model in nude mice. The mitochondrial targeting topotecan-loaded liposomes were approximately 64 nm in size, and exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects on MCF-7 cells and resistant MCF-7/adr cells. Mitochondrial targeting effects were demonstrated by co-localization in mitochondria, enhanced drug content in mitochondria, dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential, opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, release of cytochrome C, and activation of caspase 9 and 3. The targeting liposomes had a stronger inhibitory effect on the resistant tumor spheroids in vitro, enhanced accumulation in resistant MCF-7/adr cell xenografts in mice, as well as being very effective on resistant MCF-7/adr cell xenografts in mice, and having a marked anti-metastastic effect on the naturally resistant B16 melanoma metastatic model in mice. In conclusion, mitochondrial targeting topotecan-loaded liposomes could be a promising strategy for treating resistant cancers and resistance-related metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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31
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Tischer M, Pradel G, Ohlsen K, Holzgrabe U. Quaternary ammonium salts and their antimicrobial potential: targets or nonspecific interactions? ChemMedChem 2011; 7:22-31. [PMID: 22113995 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
For more than 50 years dequalinium chloride has been used successfully as an antiseptic drug and disinfectant, particularly for clinical purposes. Given the success of dequalinium chloride, several series of mono- and bisquaternary ammonium compounds have been designed and reported to have improved antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, many of them exhibit high activity against mycobacteria and protozoa, especially against plasmodia. This review discusses the structure-activity relationships and the modes of action of the various series of (bis)quaternary ammonium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Tischer
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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32
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Abstract
Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) regulate the activity of caspases in apoptosis. The human X chromosome-encoded IAP (XIAP) is one of the more potent members of the IAP family and it has been described as a central regulator of apoptosis. Thus, molecules that inhibit XIAP could offer therapeutic opportunities to treat unwanted apoptosis inhibition. In the present study we have applied the selective optimization of side activities (SOSA) approach to the discovery of XIAP inhibitors. In this sense, we have identified dequalinium hydrochloride (Dq) as an inhibitor of the XIAP/caspase-3 interaction both in vitro and in cellular assays.
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33
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Weissig V. From Serendipity to Mitochondria-Targeted Nanocarriers. Pharm Res 2011; 28:2657-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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34
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Dequalinium induces human leukemia cell death by affecting the redox balance. Leuk Res 2011; 35:1395-401. [PMID: 21477862 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2011.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dequalinium, an amphiphilic quinolinium derivative, selectively accumulates in mitochondria and displays anticancer activity in cells from different malignancies. Previous studies indicate a differential DQA-induced cytotoxicity in NB4 and K562 human leukemia cells as a consequence of an early disturbance in mitochondrial function. Results in this paper show that DQA induces a concentration-dependent oxidative stress by decreasing GSH level and increasing ROS in a cell type specific way. Inhibitors of the JNK and p38 stress regulated kinases potentiate DQA-induced NB4 cell death suggesting a protective function for these enzymes. K562 cells with relatively high GSH levels remained resistant to DQA action.
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35
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Smith KM, Datti A, Fujitani M, Grinshtein N, Zhang L, Morozova O, Blakely KM, Rotenberg SA, Hansford LM, Miller FD, Yeger H, Irwin MS, Moffat J, Marra MA, Baruchel S, Wrana JL, Kaplan DR. Selective targeting of neuroblastoma tumour-initiating cells by compounds identified in stem cell-based small molecule screens. EMBO Mol Med 2011; 2:371-84. [PMID: 20721990 PMCID: PMC3377336 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most deadly extra-cranial solid tumour in children necessitating an urgent need for effective and less toxic treatments. One reason for the lack of efficacious treatments may be the inability of existing drugs to target the tumour-initiating or cancer stem cell population responsible for sustaining tumour growth, metastases and relapse. Here, we describe a strategy to identify compounds that selectively target patient-derived cancer stem cell-like tumour-initiating cells (TICs) while sparing normal paediatric stem cells (skin-derived precursors, SKPs) and characterize two therapeutic candidates. DECA-14 and rapamycin were identified as NB TIC-selective agents. Both compounds induced TIC death at nanomolar concentrations in vitro, significantly reduced NB xenograft tumour weight in vivo, and dramatically decreased self-renewal or tumour-initiation capacity in treated tumours. These results demonstrate that differential drug sensitivities between TICs and normal paediatric stem cells can be exploited to identify novel, patient-specific and potentially less toxic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Smith
- Cell Biology Program and James Burrell Laboratories, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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36
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Zhang Y, Li RJ, Ying X, Tian W, Yao HJ, Men Y, Yu Y, Zhang L, Ju RJ, Wang XX, Zhou J, Chen JX, Li N, Lu WL. Targeting Therapy with Mitosomal Daunorubicin plus Amlodipine Has the Potential To Circumvent Intrinsic Resistant Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2010; 8:162-75. [DOI: 10.1021/mp100249x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruo-Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xue Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong-Juan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Men
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui-Jun Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Xian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wan-Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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37
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3,6-Dihydroxyflavone induces apoptosis in leukemia HL-60 cell via reactive oxygen species-mediated p38 MAPK/JNK pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 648:31-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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38
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Gurovic MSV, Lanza AMD, Adánez MDCB, Omaña MCE, Gómez IG, Murray AP, López PS. Cytotoxic effects induced by combination of heliantriol B2 and dequalinium against human leukemic cell lines. Phytother Res 2010; 25:603-10. [PMID: 20981868 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 08/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Natural occurring compounds are considered an important source of antitumoral agents. In the present study, the cytotoxic potential of three pentacyclic triterpenes isolated from Chuquiraga erinacea (Asteraceae), against the human leukemic cell lines NB4 and K562 was assessed. Heliantriol B2 (HB2) showed the highest cytotoxic activity after 24 h treatment showing IC(50) values of 1.98 ± 0.12 µm and 3.52 ± 0.14 µm for NB4 and K562 cells, respectively. This activity was higher than that of the reference compound dequalinium (DQA). Apoptosis and necrosis induced by HB2 in both NB4 and K562 cell lines were analysed by Annexin V/PI labeling. Mitochondrial alterations including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) were also tested. The results demonstrated that HB2 induced cell death by apoptosis and necrosis and showed enhanced cytotoxic effects in combination with DQA. Besides, HB2 induced ROS overproduction in NB4 cells and a slight decrease of ΔΨm. Consequently, our findings prompt further studies on the HB2 mechanism of action and its selectivity to tumor cells in order to assess the potential of HB2 as an agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soledad Vela Gurovic
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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39
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Dequalinium induces apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from human chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Invest New Drugs 2010; 29:1156-63. [PMID: 20524037 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-010-9454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is an abnormal neoplasic proliferation of B cells, which accumulate mainly in the bone marrow and blood preventing both B cells development in the lymph nodes and the ability to fight against infection. The antitumor agents used in chemotherapy are aimed at inducing malignant cell death, thus limiting the growth and spreading of these cells. However, the lack of specificity for tumor cells exhibited by these agents causes undesirable side effects that have led to the investigation of new therapeutic strategies designed to specifically target malignant cells and thus trigger selective cell destruction. Dequalinium (DQA) is an antitumoral agent that selectively accumulates in the mitochondria and has been shown to display anticancer activity in cells from different malignancies. In the present study, the DQA-induced cytotoxicity in B-CLL cells was analyzed by measuring cell viability and cell death, either by necrosis or apoptosis. Our results support the importance of DQA as a selective and potential antileukemic drug with a higher cytotoxic effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from B-CLL patients than in those from healthy donors and encourage the performance of further studies in combination with other agents.
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40
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Harnessing gene expression to identify the genetic basis of drug resistance. Mol Syst Biol 2009; 5:310. [PMID: 19888205 PMCID: PMC2779083 DOI: 10.1038/msb.2009.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of cost-effective genotyping and sequencing methods have recently made it possible to ask questions that address the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity and how natural variants interact with the environment. We developed Camelot (CAusal Modelling with Expression Linkage for cOmplex Traits), a statistical method that integrates genotype, gene expression and phenotype data to automatically build models that both predict complex quantitative phenotypes and identify genes that actively influence these traits. Camelot integrates genotype and gene expression data, both generated under a reference condition, to predict the response to entirely different conditions. We systematically applied our algorithm to data generated from a collection of yeast segregants, using genotype and gene expression data generated under drug-free conditions to predict the response to 94 drugs and experimentally confirmed 14 novel gene-drug interactions. Our approach is robust, applicable to other phenotypes and species, and has potential for applications in personalized medicine, for example, in predicting how an individual will respond to a previously unseen drug.
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41
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Effect of dequalinium on the oxidative stress in Plasmodium berghei-infected erythrocytes. Parasitol Res 2009; 104:1491-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Hurren R, Beheshti Zavareh R, Dalili S, Wood T, Rose D, Chang H, Jamal N, Messner H, Batey RA, Schimmer AD. A novel diquinolonium displays preclinical anti-cancer activity and induces caspase-independent cell death. Apoptosis 2008; 13:748-55. [PMID: 18415680 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-008-0209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Quinolines are a class of chemical compounds with emerging anti-cancer properties. Here, we tested the activity of series of quinolines and quinoline-like molecules for anti-cancer activity and identified a novel diquinoline, 1-methyl-2-[3-(1-methyl-1,2-dihydroquinolin-2-yliden)prop-1-enyl]quinolinium iodide (Q(2)). Q(2 )induced cell death in leukemia, myeloma, and solid tumor cell lines with LD50s in the low to submicromolar range. Moreover, Q(2) induced cell death in primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells preferentially over normal hematopoietic cells. In a mouse model of leukemia, Q(2) delayed tumor growth. Mechanistically, Q(2) induced cell death through caspase independent mechanisms. By electron microscopy, Q(2) increased cytoplasmic vacuolization and mitochondrial swelling. Potentially consistent with the induction of autophagic cell death, Q(2) treatment led to a punctate distribution of LC3 and increased MDC staining. Thus, Q(2) is a novel quinolinium with preclinical activity in malignancies such as leukemia and myeloma and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Hurren
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M9
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43
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Scatena R, Bottoni P, Botta G, Martorana GE, Giardina B. The role of mitochondria in pharmacotoxicology: a reevaluation of an old, newly emerging topic. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2007; 293:C12-21. [PMID: 17475665 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00314.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their well-known critical role in energy metabolism, mitochondria are now recognized as the location where various catabolic and anabolic processes, calcium fluxes, various oxygen-nitrogen reactive species, and other signal transduction pathways interact to maintain cell homeostasis and to mediate cellular responses to different stimuli. It is important to consider how pharmacological agents affect mitochondrial biochemistry, not only because of toxicological concerns but also because of potential therapeutic applications. Several potential targets could be envisaged at the mitochondrial level that may underlie the toxic effects of some drugs. Recently, antiviral nucleoside analogs have displayed mitochondrial toxicity through the inhibition of DNA polymerase-γ (pol-γ). Other drugs that target different components of mitochondrial channels can disrupt ion homeostasis or interfere with the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Many known inhibitors of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain act by interfering with one or more of the respiratory chain complexes. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), for example, may behave as oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers. The mitochondrial toxicity of other drugs seems to depend on free radical production, although the mechanisms have not yet been clarified. Meanwhile, drugs targeting mitochondria have been used to treat mitochondrial dysfunctions. Importantly, drugs that target the mitochondria of cancer cells have been developed recently; such drugs can trigger apoptosis or necrosis of the cancer cells. Thus the aim of this review is to highlight the role of mitochondria in pharmacotoxicology, and to describe whenever possible the main molecular mechanisms underlying unwanted and/or therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Scatena
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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