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Joubert E, Gauff RPM, de Vogüé B, Chavanon F, Ravel C, Bouchoucha M. Artificial fish nurseries can restore certain nursery characteristics in marine urban habitats. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 190:106108. [PMID: 37506652 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Port areas are subjected to multiple anthropic pressures that directly impact residing marine communities and deprive them of most of their essential ecological functions. Several global projects aim to rehabilitate certain ecosystem functions in port areas, such as a fish nursery function, by installing artificial fish nurseries (AFN). In theory, AFNs increase fish biodiversity and juvenile fish abundance in port areas, but studies on this subject remain scarce. Thus, the present study aimed to examine whether the use of such AFNs could restore part of the nursery function of natural habitats by increasing fish and juvenile abundance, and by decreasing predation intensity compared to bare docks. Two years of monitoring on AFNs showed they hosted 2.1 times more fish than on control docks and up to 2.4 more fish juveniles. Fish community structures were influenced by both treatment (AFN and Control) and year of monitoring. In general, AFNs hosted a greater taxonomic diversity of fish than controls. The predation intensity around these structures was significantly lower in the AFNs than in controls. Part of the definition of a fish nursery was thus verified, indicating that AFNs might be an effective restoration tool. However, we also noted that total fish abundance and Young of the Year (YOY) abundance decreased in controls, possibly due to a concentration effect. Further detailed monitoring is necessary to distinguish between these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Joubert
- Ifremer, Lab Environm Ressources Provence Azur Corse, CS 20330, F-83507 La Seyne Sur Mer, France.
| | - Robin P M Gauff
- Chioggia Hydrobiological Station "Umberto D'Ancona", Department of Biology, University of Padova, Chioggia, Italy
| | - Benoist de Vogüé
- Ifremer, Lab Environm Ressources Provence Azur Corse, CS 20330, F-83507 La Seyne Sur Mer, France
| | - Fabienne Chavanon
- Ifremer, Lab Environm Ressources Provence Azur Corse, CS 20330, F-83507 La Seyne Sur Mer, France
| | - Christophe Ravel
- Ifremer, Lab Environm Ressources Provence Azur Corse, CS 20330, F-83507 La Seyne Sur Mer, France
| | - Marc Bouchoucha
- Ifremer, Lab Environm Ressources Provence Azur Corse, CS 20330, F-83507 La Seyne Sur Mer, France
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Abouzeed YM, Zgheel F, Elfahem AA, Almagarhe MS, Dhawi A, Elbaz A, Hiblu MA, Kammon A, Ahmed MO. Identification of phenolic compounds, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of raisin extracts. Open Vet J 2018; 8:479-484. [PMID: 30775288 PMCID: PMC6356098 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v8i4.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, antibacterial, antioxidant and phenolic compounds of raisin extracts was evaluated. Different solvent extraction methods were utilized to extract phenolic compounds from raisin. The phenolic compounds of raisin extracts was determined using HPLC and three compounds were found, catechin, quercetin and rutin. The antibacterial activity of the acetonic extract was tested against four bacterial pathogens viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonasaeroginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli using both disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. The acetonic extract exhibited the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus with zone of inhibition of 14mm and the MIC of 25 mg/ml. However, there was a little activity against E. coli and S. typhimurium. The methanolic extract showed good antioxidant activity as indicated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical assay (DPPH). In conclusion, raisin contains potent phenolic compounds and their application might function as promising natural preservative and antimicrobial agents in food industry and also good antioxidant food that helps to minimize the risk of degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef M Abouzeed
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Faraj Zgheel
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Centre, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | | | - Abdulgader Dhawi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Abdulkareem Elbaz
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Murad A Hiblu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Abdulwahab Kammon
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Mohamed O Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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Isbert W, Montero FE, Pérez-Del-Olmo A, López-Sanz À, Reñones O, Orejas C. Parasite communities of the white seabream Diplodus sargus sargus in the marine protected area of Medes Islands, north-west Mediterranean Sea. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2018; 93:586-596. [PMID: 29956313 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine protected areas are considered a useful tool to preserve and recover the biodiversity of ecosystems. It is suggested that fisheries not only affect populations of target and bycatch species but also their parasite communities. Parasites can indicate fishery effects on host species and also on the whole local community, but the effects of fisheries and protection measures on parasite communities are relatively unknown. This study analyses parasite communities of the white seabream Diplodus sargus sargus in order to assess potential effects exerted by protection measures within and by fisheries outside a reserve in the western Mediterranean Sea. This small scale analysis offered the opportunity to study different degrees of fishery effects on parasite infracommunities, without considering climatic effects as an additional factor. Parasite infracommunities of fishes from the no-take zone (NTZ) differed in their composition and structure compared with areas completely or partially open to fisheries. The detected spatial differences in the infracommunities derived from generalist parasites and varied slightly between transmission strategies. Monoxenous parasites were richer and more diverse in both fished areas, but more abundant in the no-take, whereas richness and abundance of heteroxenous parasites were higher for the NTZ. In addition to host body size as one factor explaining these spatial variations, differences within parasite infracommunities between the areas may also be linked to increased host densities and habitat quality since the implementation of the NTZ and its protection measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf Isbert
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco E Montero
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Del-Olmo
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Valencia, Spain
| | - Àngel López-Sanz
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (CSIC), Pg Maritim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Reñones
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (COB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Covadonga Orejas
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (CSIC), Pg Maritim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (COB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Aspillaga E, Bartumeus F, Linares C, Starr RM, López-Sanz À, Díaz D, Zabala M, Hereu B. Ordinary and Extraordinary Movement Behaviour of Small Resident Fish within a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159813. [PMID: 27437692 PMCID: PMC4954665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to account for the movement behaviour of fishes when designing effective marine protected areas (MPAs). Fish movements occur across different spatial and temporal scales and understanding the variety of movements is essential to make correct management decisions. This study describes in detail the movement patterns of an economically and commercially important species, Diplodus sargus, within a well-enforced Mediterranean MPA. We monitored horizontal and vertical movements of 41 adult individuals using passive acoustic telemetry for up to one year. We applied novel analysis and visualization techniques to get a comprehensive view of a wide range of movements. D. sargus individuals were highly territorial, moving within small home ranges (< 1 km2), inside which they displayed repetitive diel activity patterns. Extraordinary movements beyond the ordinary home range were observed under two specific conditions. First, during stormy events D. sargus presented a sheltering behaviour, moving to more protected places to avoid the disturbance. Second, during the spawning season they made excursions to deep areas (> 50 m), where they aggregated to spawn. This study advances our understanding about the functioning of an established MPA and provides important insights into the biology and management of a small sedentary species, suggesting the relevance of rare but important fish behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneko Aspillaga
- Departament d’Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Frederic Bartumeus
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Girona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Linares
- Departament d’Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard M. Starr
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, University of California Sea Grant Extension Program, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
| | | | - David Díaz
- Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Mikel Zabala
- Departament d’Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Hereu
- Departament d’Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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