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Ogurek SDL, Halliday WD, Woods MB, Brown N, Balshine S, Juanes F. Boat noise impedes vocalizations of wild plainfin midshipman fish. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116412. [PMID: 38703628 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Marine noise is recognised as a growing threat that can induce maladaptive behavioural changes in many aquatic animals, including fishes. The plainfin midshipman is a soniferous fish with a prolonged breeding period, during which males produce tonal hums that attract females, and grunts and growls during agonistic interactions. In this study, we used acoustic recordings to assess the effects of boat noise on the presence, peak frequencies, and durations of plainfin midshipman calls in the wild. We found that all three call types were less likely to occur, and the peak frequencies of hums and grunts increased in the presence of boat noise. We also show that loud and quiet boat noise affected plainfin midshipman vocalizations similarly. As anthropogenic noise is likely to increase in the ocean, it will be important to understand how such noise can affect communication systems, and consequently population health and resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William D Halliday
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Wildlife Conservation Society Canada, Whitehorse, YT, Canada
| | | | - Nick Brown
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sigal Balshine
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Francis Juanes
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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2
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Amorim MCP. The role of acoustic signals in fish reproductiona). THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:2959-2973. [PMID: 37947394 DOI: 10.1121/10.0022353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper outlines my research path over three decades while providing a review on the role of fish sounds in mate choice and reproduction. It also intends to provide advice to young scientists and point toward future avenues in this field of research. An overview of studies on different fish model species shows that male mating acoustic signals can inform females and male competitors about their size (dominant frequency, amplitude, and sound pulse rate modulation), body condition (calling activity and sound pulse rate), and readiness to mate (calling rate, number of pulses in a sound). At least in species with parental care, such as toadfishes, gobies, and pomacentrids, calling activity seems to be the main driver of reproductive success. Playback experiments ran on a restricted number of species consistently revealed that females prefer vocal to silent males and select for higher calling rates. This personal synthesis concludes with the suggestion to increase knowledge on fish mating signals, especially considering the emerging use of fish sounds to monitor aquatic environments due to increasing threats, like noise pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Clara P Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal and MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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3
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Bittencourt L, Barbosa M, Fernandes M, Bisi TL, Lailson-Brito J, Azevedo AF. Fish chorus variation in a tropical estuarine environmenta). THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:3158-3167. [PMID: 37966334 DOI: 10.1121/10.0022413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Fish choruses are still understudied in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Temporal and spatial variation of fish choruses at two sites inside Guanabara Bay were investigated between 2021 and 2022; one sampling site was in a Marine Protected Area (MPA), and the other was in a rocky environment closer to vessel trafficking areas. Acoustic recordings were performed on 17 sampling occasions of 24 h, coupled to a temperature data logger. Long-term spectral averages were employed to determine choruses' start, end, and peak times, and third-octave levels were used to characterize spectral characteristics. Fish sounds were also analyzed and investigated with a principal components analysis. Choruses in the MPA lasted, on average, 4.5 h and had a peak frequency of 547.2 ± 226.6 kHz with a peak level of 104.6 ± 8.7 dB re 1 μPa. In contrast, the rocky site choruses lasted 5.5 h on average and had a peak frequency of 371.7 ± 131.0 Hz with a peak level of 113.4 ± 4.0 dB re 1 μPa. Chorus peak frequency was positively correlated to temperature (r = 0.4). Different types of fish sounds were identified, with some acoustics parameters varying between sites. Results indicate more than one chorusing species that may react to different factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lis Bittencourt
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores-Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Barbosa
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores-Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Myllene Fernandes
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores-Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana L Bisi
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores-Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Lailson-Brito
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores-Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre F Azevedo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores-Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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4
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Candolin U, Rahman T. Behavioural responses of fishes to anthropogenic disturbances: Adaptive value and ecological consequences. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 103:773-783. [PMID: 36647916 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are changing at an accelerating rate because of human activities. The changes alter the abundance and distribution of fishes, with potential consequences for ecosystem structure and function. Behavioural responses often underlie these changes in population dynamics, such as altered habitat choice or foraging activity. Here, we present a framework for understanding how and why behaviour is affected by human activities and how the behavioural responses in turn influence higher ecological levels. We further review the literature to assess the present state of the field and identify gaps in our knowledge. We begin with discussing the factors that determine how an individual responds to a change in the environment and whether the response is adaptive or not. In particular, we explain the importance of the evolutionary history of the species. We then search the literature to assess our current knowledge of the impact of human disturbances on the behaviour of fishes and the consequences for ecosystems. The search reveals that much attention has been directed to the impact of human activities on the behaviour of fishes, but that worryingly little is known about the consequences of these responses for populations, communities and ecosystems. Yet, behavioural responses can have profound ecological consequences given that behaviour underly many, if not most, species interactions. Thus, more attention should be paid to the mechanisms and pathways through which behavioural responses influence higher ecological levels. Such information is needed if we are to determine the ultimate effects of human activities on biodiversity and the function and stability of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Candolin
- Organismal & Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tawfiqur Rahman
- Organismal & Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Amorim MCP, Wanjala JA, Vieira M, Bolgan M, Connaughton MA, Pereira BP, Fonseca PJ, Ribeiro F. Detection of invasive fish species with passive acoustics: Discriminating between native and non-indigenous sciaenids. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 188:106017. [PMID: 37178663 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Invasive alien species have been rising exponentially in the last decades impacting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The soniferous weakfish, Cynoscion regalis, is a recent invasive sciaenid species in the Iberian Peninsula and was first reported in the Tagus estuary in 2015. There is concern about its possible impacts on native species, namely the confamiliar meagre, Argyrosomus regius, as there is overlap in their feeding regime, habitat use, and breeding behaviour. Here, we characterised the sciaenid-like sounds recently recorded in the Tagus estuary and showed that they are made by weakfish as they have similar numbers of pulses and pulse periods to the sounds made by captive breeding weakfish. We further demonstrate that breeding grunts from weakfish and the native sciaenid, recorded either in captivity or Tagus estuary, differ markedly in sound duration, number of pulses and pulse period in the two species, but overlap in their spectral features. Importantly, these differences are easily detected through visual and aural inspections of the recordings, making acoustic recognition easy even for the non-trained person. We propose that passive acoustic monitoring can be a cost-effective tool for in situ mapping of weakfish outside its natural distribution and an invaluable tool for early detection and to monitor its expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Clara P Amorim
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Joan A Wanjala
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; IMBRSEA Master Programme, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manuel Vieira
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta Bolgan
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal; Ocean Science Consulting Limited, Dunbar, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Beatriz P Pereira
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Fonseca
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe Ribeiro
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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6
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Trabulo R, Amorim MCP, Fonseca PJ, Vieira M, Matos AB, Marin-Cudraz T, Lemos MFL, Moutinho AB, Novais SC, Pousão-Ferreira P, Candeias-Mendes A, Faria AM. Impact of anthropogenic noise on the survival and development of meagre (Argyrosomus regius) early life stages. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 185:105894. [PMID: 36738699 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The growth of human populations has been driving an unprecedent and widespread increase in marine traffic, posing a real threat to marine biodiversity. Even though we are now aware of the negative effects of shipping noise exposure on fish, information about the impact on their early life stages continues to lack. Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) is a vocal fish that uses estuaries with high levels of anthropogenic noise pollution as both breeding areas and nurseries. Here, the effects of boat noise exposure on the development and survival of meagre larvae were studied. Embryos and larvae were exposed to either noise (boat noise playback) or control treatments (coils producing a similar electric field to the speakers) and hatching rate, survival rate, morphometric traits and stress-related biomarkers, at hatching and at 2 days-post-hatching (dph) were analyzed. Results showed no conclusive effects of the impact of boat noise playback, even though there was an increased lipid droplet consumption and a decrease in body depth at 2dph larvae under this stressor. The assessment of oxidative stress and energy metabolism-related biomarkers at hatching showed a marginal decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and no changes in DNA damage or electron transport system activity (ETS), although it cannot be disregarded that those effects could only be visible at later stages of larval development. Whether these morphological and developmental results have implications in later stages remains to be investigated. Further studies with longer exposure and wild meagre could help deepen this knowledge and provide a better understanding of how anthropogenic noise can impact meagre early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Trabulo
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - M Clara P Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Fonseca
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; cE3c - Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel Vieira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal; cE3c - Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André B Matos
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Thibaut Marin-Cudraz
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Ariana B Moutinho
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. 5 de Outubro, 8700-305, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Ana Candeias-Mendes
- Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. 5 de Outubro, 8700-305, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Ana M Faria
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
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7
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Maiditsch IP, Ladich F. Noise-induced masking of hearing in a labyrinth fish: effects on sound detection in croaking gouramis. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14230. [PMID: 36389415 PMCID: PMC9657181 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing level of anthropogenic underwater noise (shipping, drilling, sonar use, etc.) impairs acoustic orientation and communication in fish by hindering signal transmission or detection. Different noise regimes can reduce the ability to detect sounds of conspecifics due to an upward shift of the hearing threshold, a phenomenon termed masking. We therefore investigated the masking effect of white noise on the auditory thresholds in female croaking gouramis (Trichopsis vittata, Osphronemidae). We hypothesized that noise would influence the detection of conspecific vocalizations and thus acoustic communication. The auditory evoked potentials (AEP) thresholds were measured at six different frequencies between 0.1 and 4 kHz using the AEP recording technique. Sound pressure level audiograms were determined under quiet laboratory conditions (no noise) and continuous white noise of 110 dB RMS. Thresholds increased in the presence of white noise at all tested frequencies by 12-18 dB, in particular at 1.5 kHz. Moreover, hearing curves were compared to spectra of conspecific sounds to assess sound detection in the presence of noise in various contexts. We showed that masking hinders the detection of conspecific sounds, which have main energies between 1.0 and 1.5 kHz. We predict that this will particularly affect hearing of female's low-intensity purring sounds during mating. Accordingly, noise will negatively affect acoustic communication and most likely reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Pia Maiditsch
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Aargau, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Ladich
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Selection levels on vocal individuality: strategic use or byproduct. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Amorim MCP, Vieira M, Meireles G, Novais SC, Lemos MFL, Modesto T, Alves D, Zuazu A, Lopes AF, Matos AB, Fonseca PJ. Boat noise impacts Lusitanian toadfish breeding males and reproductive outcome. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154735. [PMID: 35337882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise is a growing threat to marine organisms, including fish. Yet very few studies have addressed the impact of anthropogenic noise on fish reproduction, especially in situ. In this study, we investigated the impacts of boat noise exposure in the reproductive success of wild Lusitanian toadfish (Halobatrachus didactylus), a species that relies on advertisement calls for mate attraction, using behavioural, physiological and reproductive endpoints. Two sets of artificial nests were deployed in the Tagus estuary and exposed to either ambient sound or boat noise during their breeding season. Toadfish males spontaneously used these nests to breed. We inspected nests for occupation and the presence of eggs in six spring low tides (in two years) and assessed male vocal activity and stress responses. Boat noise did not affect nest occupation by males but impacted reproductive success by decreasing the likelihood of receiving eggs, decreasing the number of live eggs and increasing the number of dead eggs, compared to control males. Treatment males also showed depressed vocal activity and slightly higher cortisol levels. The assessment of oxidative stress and energy metabolism-related biomarkers revealed no oxidative damage in noise exposed males despite having lower antioxidant responses and pointed towards a decrease in the activity levels of energy metabolism-related biomarkers. These results suggest that males exposed to boat noise depressed their metabolism and their activity (such as parental care and mate attraction) to cope with an acoustic stressor, consistent with a freezing defensive response/behaviour. Together, our study demonstrates that boat noise has severe impacts on reproductive fitness in Lusitanian toadfish. We argue that, at least fishes that cannot easily avoid noise sources due to their dependence on specific spawning sites, may incur in significant direct fitness costs due to chronic noise exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Clara P Amorim
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Vieira
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal and cE3c_Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Meireles
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, 2050-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, 2050-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, 2050-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Teresa Modesto
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-810 Faro, Portugal
| | - Daniel Alves
- Departamento de Biologia Animal and cE3c_Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Zuazu
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana F Lopes
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André B Matos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Fonseca
- Departamento de Biologia Animal and cE3c_Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Picciulin M, Zucchetta M, Facca C, Malavasi S. Boat-induced pressure does not influence breeding site selection of a vulnerable fish species in a highly anthropized coastal area. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 180:113750. [PMID: 35597000 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The brown meagre (Sciaena umbra) is a vulnerable vocal fish species that may be affected by boat noise. The breeding site distribution along the anthropized Venice sea inlets was investigated, by using the species' chorusing activity as a proxy of spawning. Passive acoustic campaigns were repeated at 40 listening points distributed within the three inlets during three-time windows in both summer 2019 and 2020. The role of temporal, morphological, and hydrodynamic variables explaining the observed distribution patterns was evaluated using a GLM approach, considering also human-induced pressures among the candidate predictors. The GLM analysis indicates a higher probability of recording S. umbra chorus after sunset in deeper areas of the inlets, characterized by low water current, while the underwater noise overlapping the species' hearing range and boat abundance did not play any role. This suggests that the species' breeding site choice in the inlets was not influences by boat-induced pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Picciulin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari, University of Venice, via Torino 155, Mestre, 30172 Venice, Italy.
| | - Matteo Zucchetta
- Institute of Polar Sciences, ISP-CNR, via Torino 155, Mestre, 30172 Venice, Italy.
| | - Chiara Facca
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari, University of Venice, via Torino 155, Mestre, 30172 Venice, Italy.
| | - Stefano Malavasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari, University of Venice, via Torino 155, Mestre, 30172 Venice, Italy.
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