1
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Broom D, Yeh HM, Peng S. Zoos should focus on animal welfare before claiming to champion conservation. Nature 2024; 629:41. [PMID: 38689049 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
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2
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Elephant-nose fish 'see' farther by electric sensing when in groups. Nature 2024. [PMID: 38684829 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00464-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
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3
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Tozer L. Your perception of time is skewed by what you see. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01169-3. [PMID: 38649774 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
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4
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Dohrn G. Why queasiness kills hunger: brain circuit identified. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01037-0. [PMID: 38637704 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
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5
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Fox D. AI and robotics demystify the workings of a fly's wing. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01122-4. [PMID: 38632428 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
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6
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Thompson B, Baker N, Graham F. Pregnancy's effect on 'biological' age, polite birds, and the carbon cost of home-grown veg. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00990-0. [PMID: 38570657 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
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7
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Goodman JR. Survival of the nicest: have we got evolution the wrong way round? Nature 2024; 628:260-261. [PMID: 38589446 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
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8
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Sumner S. The comings and goings of ants: how are social skills shaped in an ever-changing world? Nature 2024; 628:262-263. [PMID: 38594394 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
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9
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Forrester N. I dive for fish in the longest freshwater lake in the world. Nature 2024; 628:S5. [PMID: 38632483 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
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10
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Whiten A. Frans de Waal (1948-2024), primatologist who questioned the uniqueness of human minds. Nature 2024; 628:497. [PMID: 38600203 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
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11
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Snyder KT, Creanza N. Birds convey complex signals in simple songs. Nature 2024; 628:37-39. [PMID: 38509289 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
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12
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Charles Darwin investigates: the curious case of primrose punishment. Nature 2024; 628:730. [PMID: 38654079 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
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14
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Fox D. Bumblebees show behaviour previously thought unique to humans. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00669-6. [PMID: 38448531 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
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15
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Nowogrodzki J. Meet the real-life versions of Dune's epic sandworms. Nature 2024; 627:474-475. [PMID: 38454037 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
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16
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Thornton A. Bees and chimpanzees learn from others what they cannot learn alone. Nature 2024; 627:491-492. [PMID: 38448527 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
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17
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Koops K, Wrangham R. Christophe Boesch (1951-2024), primatologist and chimpanzee champion. Nature 2024; 627:488. [PMID: 38429507 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
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18
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Sear R. Whales make waves in the quest to discover why menopause evolved. Nature 2024; 627:496-497. [PMID: 38480938 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00658-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
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19
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Nuwer R, Thompson B. Audio long read: Chimpanzees are dying from our colds - these scientists are trying to save them. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00524-8. [PMID: 38409402 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
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20
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Reidenberg JS. An innovative way for whales to sing. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00307-1. [PMID: 38383641 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
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21
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Castellano Bueno J, Vezyrakis A, Xu P, Miller CW. Beyond barriers, towards diversity: how hybrid student conferences can drive accessibility. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio060290. [PMID: 38288786 PMCID: PMC10855212 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The third International Student Symposium on Animal Behaviour and Cognition (ISSABC) aimed to address barriers for early career researchers, hosting a conference both in-person and online at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). The conference, attended by 101 in-person and 79 virtual participants from 24 countries, featured 81 presentations, 29 posters, five plenary talks, three workshops, and a career development round-table discussion. A user-friendly website and digital platforms facilitated communication and real-time discussions between in-person and online participants. Transparent fund management, support from sponsors and societies, and sustainable practices ensured financial accountability and minimised environmental impact. The conference emphasised sustainability measures, including eco-friendly catering and local reusable mugs. Future organisers of similar events are encouraged to prioritise local representation, plan contingencies, select plenary speakers rigorously, and employ effective marketing. With this meeting review, we highlight how hybrid conferences like the third ISSABC, through innovative approaches and sustainable practices, enhance accessibility, inclusivity, and empower the next generation of scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandros Vezyrakis
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Germany
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22
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‘Altruistic’ bull elephant seal lends a helping flipper. Nature 2024; 626:459-459. [PMID: 38321156 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00319-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
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23
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Gil D. Absence of female partners can explain the dawn chorus of birds. Nature 2024; 626:481-482. [PMID: 38337061 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
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24
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What a tease! Great apes pull hair and poke each other for fun. Nature 2024; 626:695. [PMID: 38356006 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
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25
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Sæther BE. How population size shapes the evolution of guppy fish. Nature 2024; 626:725-726. [PMID: 38321158 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
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26
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Fox D. 'Like a moth to a flame' - this strange insect behaviour is finally explained. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00261-y. [PMID: 38291326 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00261-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
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27
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Reardon S. This fast-living marsupial chooses sex over sleep - and dies young. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00177-7. [PMID: 38273060 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
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28
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Thompson B, Baker N, Graham F. The science stories you missed over the holiday period. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00085-w. [PMID: 38200340 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00085-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
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29
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Nuwer R. Chimpanzees are dying from our colds - these scientists are trying to save them. Nature 2024; 625:442-446. [PMID: 38228794 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
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30
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From the archive: waltzing mice, and Louis Pasteur's beer battle. Nature 2023. [PMID: 38151549 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-04078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
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31
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Thompson B, Petrić Howe N, Baker N, Fox D, Bundell S. The Nature Podcast highlights of 2023. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-04046-7. [PMID: 38151548 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-04046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
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Baker N. Super-propulsion: how sharpshooting insects flick their pee. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-04167-z. [PMID: 38151550 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-04167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
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Bundell S. What were some of the biggest stories of 2023? Join us for the Nature Podcast quiz! Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-04161-5. [PMID: 38135747 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-04161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
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Webb SE, Orkin JD, Williamson RE, Melin AD. Activity budget and gut microbiota stability and flexibility across reproductive states in wild capuchin monkeys in a seasonal tropical dry forest. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:63. [PMID: 38102711 PMCID: PMC10724892 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy demands associated with pregnancy and lactation are significant forces in mammalian evolution. To mitigate increased energy costs associated with reproduction, female mammals have evolved behavioural and physiological responses. Some species alter activity to conserve energy during pregnancy and lactation, while others experience changes in metabolism and fat deposition. Restructuring of gut microbiota with shifting reproductive states may also help females increase the energy gained from foods, especially during pregnancy. The goal of this study was to examine the relationships among behaviour, gut microbiota composition, and reproductive state in a wild, non-human primate to better understand reproductive ecology. We combined life history data with > 13,000 behavioural scans and 298 fecal samples collected longitudinally across multiple years from 33 white-faced capuchin monkey (Cebus imitator) females. We sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and used the DADA2 pipeline to analyze microbial diversity. We used PICRUSt2 to assess putative functions. RESULTS Reproductive state explained some variation in activity, but overall resting behaviours were relatively stable across pregnancy and lactation. Foraging was less frequent among females in the early stage of nursing compared to the cycling stage, though otherwise remained at comparable levels. Maximum temperature was a strong, significantly positive predictor of resting, while social dominance had a small but significantly negative effect on resting. Ecological variables such as available fruit biomass and rainfall had a small but significantly positive effects on measures of foraging time. Gut microbial community structure, including richness, alpha diversity, and beta diversity remained stable across the reproductive cycle. In pairwise comparisons, pregnant females exhibited increased relative abundances of multiple microbial ASVs, suggesting small changes in relation to reproductive state. Reproductive state was not linked to differential abundance of putative metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS Previous data suggest that activity budget and the gut microbiome shifts considerably during reproduction. The present study finds that both activity and gut microbial communities are less associated with reproduction compared to other predictors, including ecological contexts. This suggests that behavioural flexibility and gut microbial community plasticity is contrained by ecological factors in this population. These data contribute to a broader understanding of plasticity and stability in response to physiological shifts associated with mammalian reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasta E Webb
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
| | - Joseph D Orkin
- Département d'anthropologie, Université de Montréal, 3150 Rue Jean-Brillant, Montréal, QC, H3T 1N8, Canada
| | - Rachel E Williamson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Amanda D Melin
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Mitchinson A. Domestic cats eat whatever they can catch. Nature 2023; 624:258. [PMID: 38086939 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
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38
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Abraham M. How hyenas decide whether to form a lion-fighting mob. Nature 2023; 624:51. [PMID: 38049570 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03778-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
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39
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Rajewicz W, Romano D, Schmickl T, Thenius R. Daphnia's phototaxis as an indicator in ecotoxicological studies: A review. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 265:106762. [PMID: 38000135 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Animal-based sensors have been increasingly applied to many water monitoring systems and ecological studies. One of the staple organisms used as living sensors for such systems is Daphnia. This organism has been extensively studied and, with time, used in many toxicological and pharmaceutical bioassays, often used for exploring the ecology of freshwater communities. One of its behaviours used for evaluating the state of the aquatic environment is phototaxis. A disruption in the predicted behaviour is interpreted as a sign of stress and forms the basis for further investigation. However, phototaxis is a result of complex processes counteracting and interacting with each other. Predator presence, food quality, body pigmentation and other factors can greatly affect the predicted phototactic response, hampering its reliability as a bioindicator. Therefore, a holistic approach and meticulous documentation of the methods are needed for the correct interpretation of this behavioural indicator. In this review, we present the current methods used for studying phototaxis, the factors affecting it and proposed ways to optimise the reliability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donato Romano
- BioRobotics Institute, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Italy; Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Piazza Martiri della Libertá 33, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Thomas Schmickl
- University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Ronald Thenius
- University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, Graz, 8010, Austria
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Hempstead MN, Waghorn TS, Gibson MJ, Sauermann CW, Ross AB, Cave VM, Sutherland MA, Marquetoux N, Hannaford R, Corner-Thomas RA, Sutherland IA. Worms and welfare: Behavioural and physiological changes associated with gastrointestinal nematode parasitism in lambs. Vet Parasitol 2023; 324:110056. [PMID: 37897851 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.110056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Parasitism with gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) is a worldwide issue impacting negatively on animal production, health, and welfare. Therefore, early diagnostic signs of parasitism are required to allow for timely interventions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavioural and physiological changes in lambs associated with GIN infection. We used 30, 8-month-old Romney-cross wethers, that were administered anthelmintics until faecal egg counts (FEC) were zero and housed in an indoor facility. The study lasted 9 weeks, which comprised a 3-week pre-treatment, and a 6-week treatment phase. Lambs were randomly assigned to one of two treatments (n = 15/treatment) trickle-dosed with: 1) 1500 infective third stage larvae (L3) three days/week for 6 weeks (27,000 total L3; challenged), or 2) water 3 days/week for 6 weeks (control). Within each pen there were 5 pairs of lambs (balanced for liveweight), with each pair comprising a challenged and control lamb. Blood, faecal, and saliva samples were collected 1 week pre-treatment and weekly for 6 weeks of treatment. Behaviour was observed (e.g., feeding, lying, standing) from video-camera recordings using scan sampling every 5 min for 8 h, 1 day pre-treatment and on the day immediately prior to physiological sampling across the 6-week treatment phase (7 days in total). Accelerometers were attached to each lamb to continuously monitor behaviour from 3 weeks pre-treatment and for the remainder of the study. Liveweight, body condition, faecal soiling and faecal consistency scoring were performed weekly as was lipidomic analysis of plasma samples. From week 2 of treatment, challenged lambs spent less time feeding and more time lying than control lambs until week 5 of treatment (P ≤ 0.01). At week 3 of treatment, elevated lipids (mainly triglycerides and phospholipids), loose faeces and faecal soiling around the anus were observed in challenged lambs compared with controls (P ≤ 0.05). From week 4 of treatment, FEC were elevated in the challenged compared to control lambs (P ≤ 0.05). There was also lower liveweight gain at 4 and 5 weeks of treatment in the challenged lambs compared with control lambs (P ≤ 0.05). These results show a clear timeline of changes in behaviour (e.g., feeding and lying), lipids such as triglycerides, and digestive function (e.g., faecal soiling) suggestive of GIN subclinical disease, which show promise for use in future studies on early identification of subclinical GIN parasitism in lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa N Hempstead
- AgResearch Ltd., Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand.
| | - Tania S Waghorn
- AgResearch Ltd., Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Michaela J Gibson
- AgResearch Ltd., Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | | | - Alastair B Ross
- AgResearch Ltd., Lincoln Research Centre, Lincoln 7672, New Zealand
| | - Vanessa M Cave
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | | | - Nelly Marquetoux
- Epicentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Rina Hannaford
- AgResearch Ltd., Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Rene A Corner-Thomas
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Ian A Sutherland
- AgResearch Ltd., Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
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Auge AC, Blouin-Demers G, Murray DL. Effects of temperature heterogeneity on freshwater turtle habitat selection at their northern range limit. J Therm Biol 2023; 118:103725. [PMID: 37944299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental temperature is a crucial resource for ectotherms, affecting their physiology, behaviour and fitness. To maintain body temperatures within a suitable performance range, ectotherms select thermally-favourable locations, but this selection may be challenging in environments with high spatio-temporal heterogeneity. We assessed thermal habitat selection in two freshwater turtles (Emydoidea blandingii; Chrysemys picta) within a thermally heterogeneous environment at two spatial scales (selection of home ranges within the landscape, selection of locations within home ranges) and across seasons, by comparing temperatures at turtle locations vs. those available in the environment. Turtles selected warmer locations compared to those available in aquatic and terrestrial habitats only within home ranges, but did not show any temperature preferences when selecting home ranges at the larger scale. Turtles selected locations that were less thermally-variable than their surroundings, both at the home range scale and within home ranges. Thermal habitat selection was strongest during colder and more thermally-variable pre-nesting season compared to later periods. Despite differences in thermal mass between species, both species responded similarly to temperature variation. We conclude that freshwater turtles at their northern range margin select suitable microclimates within the suite of conditions that are naturally available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dennis L Murray
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
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Lenharo M. This penguin survives on 4-second microsleeps - thousands of times a day. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-03751-7. [PMID: 38102379 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
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43
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Petrić Howe N, Bundell S. Why COP28 probably won't keep the 1.5 degree dream alive. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-03773-1. [PMID: 38030769 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
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44
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Oza A. This sparrow massively expands part of its brain in preparation for mating. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-03746-4. [PMID: 38017070 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
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45
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Kozlov M. CRISPR and 'e-ink': new tools could reveal the secrets of cuttlefish camouflage. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-03558-6. [PMID: 37978280 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
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46
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Impact of a catastrophic tropical cyclone on large African mammals. Nature 2023. [PMID: 37968463 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03370-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
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47
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Scaplen KM, Kaun KR. Dopamine determines how reward overrides risk. Nature 2023; 623:258-259. [PMID: 37880521 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
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48
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Vaidyanathan G. These bats are the first mammals found to have non-penetrative mating. Nature 2023; 623:899. [PMID: 37985827 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03565-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
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49
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Gunner RM, Wilson RP, Holton MD, Bennett NC, Alagaili AN, Bertelsen MF, Mohammed OB, Wang T, Manger PR, Ismael K, Scantlebury DM. Examination of head versus body heading may help clarify the extent to which animal movement pathways are structured by environmental cues? Mov Ecol 2023; 11:71. [PMID: 37891697 PMCID: PMC10612247 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-023-00432-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the processes that determine how animals allocate time to space is a major challenge, although it is acknowledged that summed animal movement pathways over time must define space-time use. The critical question is then, what processes structure these pathways? Following the idea that turns within pathways might be based on environmentally determined decisions, we equipped Arabian oryx with head- and body-mounted tags to determine how they orientated their heads - which we posit is indicative of them assessing the environment - in relation to their movement paths, to investigate the role of environment scanning in path tortuosity. After simulating predators to verify that oryx look directly at objects of interest, we recorded that, during routine movement, > 60% of all turns in the animals' paths, before being executed, were preceded by a change in head heading that was not immediately mirrored by the body heading: The path turn angle (as indicated by the body heading) correlated with a prior change in head heading (with head heading being mirrored by subsequent turns in the path) twenty-one times more than when path turns occurred due to the animals adopting a body heading that went in the opposite direction to the change in head heading. Although we could not determine what the objects of interest were, and therefore the proposed reasons for turning, we suggest that this reflects the use of cephalic senses to detect advantageous environmental features (e.g. food) or to detect detrimental features (e.g. predators). The results of our pilot study suggest how turns might emerge in animal pathways and we propose that examination of points of inflection in highly resolved animal paths could represent decisions in landscapes and their examination could enhance our understanding of how animal pathways are structured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Gunner
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, 78467, Konstanz, Germany.
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales.
| | - Rory P Wilson
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales.
| | - Mark D Holton
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Abdulaziz N Alagaili
- Zoology Department, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mads F Bertelsen
- Copenhagen Zoo, Centre for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Osama B Mohammed
- KSU Mammals Research Chair, Zoology Department, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tobias Wang
- Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Paul R Manger
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Khairi Ismael
- Prince Saud Al-Faisal Wildlife Research Center, National Center for Wildlife, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - D Michael Scantlebury
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, UK.
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Oza A. Mysterious mouse mummies found atop lofty volcanoes. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-03282-1. [PMID: 37872449 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
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