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Gerges SH, El-Kadi AOS. Changes in cardiovascular arachidonic acid metabolism in experimental models of menopause and implications on postmenopausal cardiac hypertrophy. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 173:106851. [PMID: 38740361 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Menopause is a normal stage in the human female aging process characterized by the cessation of menstruation and the ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone hormones. Menopause is associated with an increased risk of several different diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are generally less common in females than in age-matched males. However, this female advantage is lost after menopause. Cardiac hypertrophy is a disease characterized by increased cardiac size that develops as a response to chronic overload or stress. Similar to other cardiovascular diseases, the risk of cardiac hypertrophy significantly increases after menopause. However, the exact underlying mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. Several studies have shown that surgical or chemical induction of menopause in experimental animals is associated with cardiac hypertrophy, or aggravates cardiac hypertrophy induced by other stressors. Arachidonic acid (AA) released from the myocardial phospholipids is metabolized by cardiac cytochrome P450 (CYP), cyclooxygenase (COX), and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes to produce several eicosanoids. AA-metabolizing enzymes and their respective metabolites play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. Menopause is associated with changes in the cardiovascular levels of CYP, COX, and LOX enzymes and the levels of their metabolites. It is possible that these changes might play a role in the increased risk of cardiac hypertrophy after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar H Gerges
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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2
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Jeddi S, Yousefzadeh N, Zarkesh M, Kashfi K, Ghasemi A. Effect of long-term inorganic nitrate administration on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovariectomized rats. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1369379. [PMID: 38601460 PMCID: PMC11004245 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1369379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Menopause is associated with reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and lower tolerance against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. This study investigated whether long-term nitrate administration provides resistance against myocardial IR injury in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Method: After ovariectomy, female rats were assigned to the OVX and the OVX + nitrate groups (n = 14/group); the latter group consumed nitrate (100 mg/L) for 9 months. At month 9, each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 7/subgroup), of which one subgroup was exposed to myocardial IR (IR+ hearts) and the other was not exposed (IR- hearts). The hearts of rats were isolated, and NO metabolite (NOx), oxidative stress indices, and mRNA expressions of endothelial (eNOS), inducible (iNOS), and neuronal (nNOS) NO synthases, as well as markers of apoptosis, were measured in the IR- and IR+ hearts. In the IR+ hearts, cardiac function indices (CFI) and the infarct size were also measured. Results: Nitrate increased catalase activity (97%) and eNOS expression (2.94-fold) in the IR- hearts. In the IR+ hearts, nitrate reduced left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure (11.6%) and infarct size (26.2%) and increased recovery of LV developed pressure (44.0%) and peak rate of positive (28.9%) and negative (15.4%) changes in LV pressure. In addition, in the IR+ hearts, nitrate increased eNOS and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) as well as decreased iNOS, Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression. Nitrate increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and catalase (CAT) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels at month nine in serum and IR+ hearts. Conclusion: The favorable effects of nitrate against IR injury were associated with higher eNOS and Bcl-2 expression, CAT activity, TAC, and lower iNOS, Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and TNF-α expression, and MDA in the heart tissue. Nitrate preconditioning alleviated IR-induced myocardial injury in OVX rats; this effect was associated with eNOS upregulation before IR and the blunting of OVX-induced eNOS downregulation, iNOS upregulation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in heart tissue after IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Yousefzadeh
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarkesh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wu XB, Lai CH, Ho YJ, Kuo CH, Lai PF, Tasi CY, Jin G, Wei M, Asokan Shibu M, Huang CY, Lee SD. Anti-apoptotic effects of diosgenin on ovariectomized hearts. Steroids 2022; 179:108980. [PMID: 35157911 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.108980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-apoptotic effects of diosgenin, a steroid saponin, on hearts in female with estrogen deficiency have been less studied. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-apoptotic effects of diosgenin on cardiac widely dispersed apoptosis in a bilateral ovariectomized animal model. METHODS A total of 60 female Wistar rats, aged 6-7 months, were divided into the sham-operated group (Sham), bilateral ovariectomized rats for 2 months, and ovariectomized rats administered with 0, 10, 50, or 100 mg/kg diosgenin daily (OVX, OVX 10, OVX 50, and OVX 100, respectively) in the second month. The excised hearts were analyzed by H&E staining, TUNEL(+) assays and Western Blot. RESULT Cardiac TUNEL(+) apoptotic cells, the levels of Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain, active caspase-8, and active caspase-3 (FasL/Fas-mediated pathways) as well as the levels of Bax, Bad, Bax/Bcl2, Bad/p-Bad, cytosolic Cytochrome c, active caspase-9, and active caspase-3 (mitochondria-initiated pathway) were increased in OVX compared with Sham group but those were decreased in OVX 50 compared with OVX. CONCLUSION Diosgenin appeared to prevent or suppress ovariectomy-induced cardiac FasL/Fas-mediated and mitochondria-initiated apoptosis. These findings might provide one of the possible therapeutic approaches of diosgenin for potentially preventing cardiac apoptosis in women after bilateral ovariectomy or women with estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Bo Wu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chin-Hu Lai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Jui Ho
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Fang Lai
- Emergency Department, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yi Tasi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Guohua Jin
- Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Minqian Wei
- Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung; School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China.
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4
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Chen J, Yu J, Yuan R, Li N, Li C, Zhang X. mTOR inhibitor improves testosterone-induced myocardial hypertrophy in hypertensive rats. J Endocrinol 2022; 252:179-193. [PMID: 34874016 PMCID: PMC8859925 DOI: 10.1530/joe-21-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Compelling evidence has described that the incidence of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in postmenopausal women is significantly increased worldwide. Our team's previous research identified that androgen was an underlying factor contributing to increased blood pressure and LVH in postmenopausal women. However, little is known about how androgens affect LVH in postmenopausal hypertensive women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of mammalian rapamycin receptor (mTOR) signaling pathway in myocardial hypertrophy in androgen-induced postmenopausal hypertension and whether mTOR inhibitors can protect the myocardium from androgen-induced interference to prevent and treat cardiac hypertrophy. For that, ovariectomized (OVX) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) aged 12 weeks were used to study the effects of testosterone (T 2.85 mg/kg/weekly i.m.) on blood pressure and myocardial tissue. On the basis of antihypertensive therapy (chlorthalidone 8 mg/kg/day ig), the improvement of blood pressure and myocardial hypertrophy in rats treated with different dose gradients of rapamycin (0.8 mg/kg/day vs 1.5 mg/kg/day vs 2 mg/kg/day i.p.) in OVX + estrogen (E 9.6 mg/kg/day, ig) + testosterone group was further evaluated. After testosterone intervention, the OVX female rats exhibited significant increments in the heart weight/tibial length (TL), area of cardiomyocytes and the mRNA expressions of ANP, β-myosin heavy chain and matrix metalloproteinase 9 accompanied by a significant reduction in the uterine weight/TL and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1. mTOR, ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K1), 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E in myocardial tissue of OVX + estrogen + testosterone group were expressed at higher levels than those of the other four groups. On the other hand, rapamycin abolished the effects of testosterone-induced cardiac hypertrophy, decreased the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of SHR, and inhibited the activation of mTOR/S6K1/4EBP1 signaling pathway in a concentration-dependent manner. Collectively, these data suggest that the mTOR/S6K1/4EBP1 pathway is an important therapeutic target for the prevention of LVH in postmenopausal hypertensive female rats with high testosterone levels. Our findings also support the standpoint that the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, can eliminate testosterone-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshu Chen
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruowen Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ningyin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Caie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Najjar RS, Turner CG, Wong BJ, Feresin RG. Berry-Derived Polyphenols in Cardiovascular Pathologies: Mechanisms of Disease and the Role of Diet and Sex. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020387. [PMID: 33513742 PMCID: PMC7911141 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, pathogenesis, and manifestation is differentially influenced by biological sex. Berry polyphenols target several signaling pathways pertinent to CVD development, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiac and vascular remodeling, and there are innate differences in these pathways that also vary by sex. There is limited research systematically investigating sex differences in berry polyphenol effects on these pathways, but there are fundamental findings at this time that suggest a sex-specific effect. This review will detail mechanisms within these pathological pathways, how they differ by sex, and how they may be individually targeted by berry polyphenols in a sex-specific manner. Because of the substantial polyphenolic profile of berries, berry consumption represents a promising interventional tool in the treatment and prevention of CVD in both sexes, but the mechanisms in which they function within each sex may vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S. Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Casey G. Turner
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Brett J. Wong
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Rafaela G. Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
- Correspondence:
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High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and the risk of heart failure in postmenopausal women of the ARIC Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:284-291. [PMID: 33399316 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated isolated and joint effects of early menopause (occurrence before 45 y of age) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T elevation (hs-cTnT ≥ 14 ng/L) on heart failure (HF) incidence in postmenopausal women. METHODS We included 2,276 postmenopausal women, aged 67-90 years, with hs-cTnT measurements and without prevalent HF from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study Visit 5 (2011-2013). Women were categorized according to early menopause and hs-cTnT group. Cox proportional hazards models were used for analysis. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 5.5 years, we observed 104 HF events. The incidence rates of HF were greater in women with hs-cTnT elevation when compared to those without hs-cTnT elevation. In unadjusted analysis, the hazard ratios for incident HF were threefold greater in women with hs-cTnT elevation, with or without early menopause, (3.03 [95% CI, 1.59-5.77]) and (3.29 [95% CI, 2.08-5.21]), respectively, but not significantly greater in women with early menopause without hs-cTnT elevation, when compared to women with neither early menopause nor hs-cTnT elevation at Visit 5. After adjusting for HF risk factors and NT-pro B-type natriuretic peptide, these associations were attenuated and became nonsignificant for women with hs-cTnT elevation, but became stronger and significant for women with early menopause without hs-cTnT elevation (2.39 [95% CI, 1.28-4.46]). CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of early menopause status, hs-cTnT elevation is associated with greater HF incidence but this association is partially explained by HF risk factors. Even in the absence of hs-cTnT elevation, early menopause is significantly associated with HF incidence after accounting for HF risk factors.
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Loredo-Mendoza ML, Ramirez-Sanchez I, Bustamante-Pozo MM, Ayala M, Navarrete V, Garate-Carrillo A, Ito BR, Ceballos G, Omens J, Villarreal F. The role of inflammation in driving left ventricular remodeling in a pre-HFpEF model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:748-757. [PMID: 32183553 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220912699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The incidence of HFpEF continues to increase and ∼2/3 of the patient population are post-menopausal women. Unfortunately, most studies focus on the use of male animal models of remodeling. In this study, however, using female rats to set a model of pre-HFpEF, we provide insights to possible mechanisms that contribute to HFpEF development in humans that will lead us to a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Loredo-Mendoza
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico 07738, Mexico
- Department of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Panamericana, Ciudad de Mexico 03920, Mexico
| | - Israel Ramirez-Sanchez
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico 07738, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0021, USA
| | - Moises Muratt Bustamante-Pozo
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico 07738, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0021, USA
| | - Marcos Ayala
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico 07738, Mexico
| | - Viridiana Navarrete
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico 07738, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Garate-Carrillo
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico 07738, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0021, USA
| | - Bruce R Ito
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0021, USA
| | - Guillermo Ceballos
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico 07738, Mexico
| | - Jeffrey Omens
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0021, USA
| | - Francisco Villarreal
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0021, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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8
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Lin YY, Hong Y, Zhou MC, Huang HL, Shyu WC, Chen JS, Ting H, Cheng YJ, Yang AL, Lee SD. Exercise training attenuates cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in hypertensive ovariectomized rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:1033-1043. [PMID: 32163326 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00844.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of exercise training on cardiac inflammatory and cardiac fibrotic pathways in female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), which were divided into a sham-operated sedentary hypertensive group (SHR-S), a sedentary hypertensive ovariectomized group (SHR-O), or a hypertensive ovariectomized group with treadmill exercise training (SHR-OT; 60 min/day, 5 days/wk) for 8 wk. Normotensive female Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) served as controls. SOD and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly increased in the SHR-OT group, when compared with the SHR-S or SHR-O groups. The protein levels of estrogen receptor (ER)-α and ER-β became decreased in the SHR-O group, when compared with the WKY or SHR-S groups, but were not changed in the SHR-OT group. The protein level of the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) was increased in the SHR-S group but did not further change in the SHR-O group, whereas it was decreased in the SHR-OT group. The inflammatory-related protein levels of TNF-α, p-NF-κB, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and IL-6, as well as the fibrotic-related protein levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), p-Smad2/3, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and collagen I were increased in the SHR-S group and increased further in the SHR-O group, whereas they were decreased in the SHR-OT group. The coexistence of hypertension and ovariectomy additively increased cardiac inflammatory and fibrotic pathways partially through hypertension-enhanced AT1R and ovariectomy-depressed estrogen receptors. Exercise training appeared to suppress hypertensive ovariectomized heart-induced inflammatory and fibrotic pathways possibly through decreasing AT1R but not through estrogen receptors.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The coexistence of hypertension and ovariectomy appeared to increase cardiac inflammatory and fibrotic pathways likely through hypertension-enhanced angiotensin II type I receptor and ovariectomy-depressed estrogen receptors. Exercise training on a treadmill could prevent hypertensive ovariectomized heart-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis via an inflammatory pathway [TNF-α, p-IKK-α/β, p-NF-κB, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), iNOS, and IL-6] and fibrotic pathway [transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), p-Smad2/3, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and collagen I] possibly through decreasing angiotensin II type I receptor but not through estrogen receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yuan Lin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Hong
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Cheng Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Liang Huang
- College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jwo-Sheng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hua Ting
- Center of Sleep Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Lun Yang
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Ammari M, Othman H, Rtibi K, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. The Effects of Carob ( Ceratonia siliqua L.) on Emotional Behavior Impairment and Metabolic Disorders Induced by Estrogen Deficiency in Rats. J Med Food 2020; 23:961-966. [PMID: 31971850 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) contains a wide variety of polyphenols with high antioxidant properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of aqueous extract of carob pods (AECP) on emotional behavior impairments and metabolic disorders in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Female Wistar rats were assigned to three groups: group 1, control non-OVX rats; group 2, OVX rats; and group 3, OVX rats orally treated with AECP (500 mg/kg) for15 days after ovariectomy. Elevated plus-maze and open-field tests were performed on the 26th and 27th post-ovariectomy days, respectively. Afterwards, the rats were anesthetized and their serums were collected for biochemical analysis. We found that AECP improved emotional behavior impairments revealed by elevated plus-maze and open-field tests in OVX rats. Moreover, ovariectomy significantly increased triglyceride, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels in the serum. AECP administration significantly reversed ovariectomy-induced biochemical alterations. Thus, we suggest that the AECP may have an anxiolytic-like effect and prevent biochemical disorders associated with menopause or ovariectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ammari
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Applied Biological Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Othman
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Kaïs Rtibi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Animal Physiology, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Abdelmelek
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
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10
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Lin YY, Hong Y, Yu SH, Wu XB, Shyu WC, Chen JS, Ting H, Yang AL, Lee SD. Antiapoptotic and mitochondrial biogenetic effects of exercise training on ovariectomized hypertensive rat hearts. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:1661-1672. [PMID: 30998123 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00038.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate the effects of exercise training on antiapoptotic pathways and mitochondrial biogenesis in ovariectomized hypertensive rats. Histopathological analysis, TUNEL assay, and Western blotting were performed on the excised hearts from female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), which were divided into a sham-operated sedentary hypertensive (SHR-S), a sedentary hypertensive ovariectomized (SHR-O), and hypertensive ovariectomized rats that underwent treadmill exercise training (SHR-OT; 60 min/day, 5 days/wk) for 8 wk, along with normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). When compared with the WKY group, the SHR-S group exhibited decreased protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial OPA-1 (mitochondrial biogenesis) and decreased further in the SHR-O group. The protein levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL (prosurvival pathways), and the protein levels of PGC-1α and mitochondrial OPA1 (mitochondrial biogenesis) were increased in the SHR-OT group, but estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ were not changed when compared with the SHR-O group. The protein levels of t-Bid, Bad, Bax, cytosolic cytochrome c, activated caspase 9, and activated caspase 3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways), as well as Fas ligand, TNF-α, Fas receptors, Fas-associated death domain, activated caspase 8 (Fas receptor-dependent apoptotic pathways) were decreased in the SHR-OT group, when compared with the SHR-O group. Exercise training protection on the coexistence of hypertension and ovariectomy-induced cardiac mitochondria-dependent and Fas receptor-dependent apoptotic pathways by enhancing the Bcl2-related and mitochondrial biogenetic prosurvival pathways might provide a new therapeutic effect on cardiac protection in oophorectomized early postmenopausal hypertensive women. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Widely dispersed cardiac apoptosis was found in the coexistence of hypertension and ovariectomy. Exercise training on a treadmill could prevent ovariectomized hypertension-induced widely dispersed cardiac apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway (t-Bid, Bad, Bax, cytosolic cytochrome c, activated caspase 9, and activated caspase 3) and Fas receptor-dependent apoptotic pathway (Fas ligand, tumor necrosis factor-α, Fas receptors, Fas-associated death domain, activated caspase 8, and activated caspase 3) through enhancing the Bcl2-related (p-PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL) and mitochondrial biogenetic (PGC-1α and mitochondrial optic atrophy 1) prosurvival pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yuan Lin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University , Shandong , China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichun, Taiwan
| | - Yi Hong
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai , Shanghai , China
| | - Shao-Hong Yu
- College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shandong , China
| | - Xu-Bo Wu
- Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China.,School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Jwo-Sheng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Hua Ting
- Center of Sleep Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung-Shan Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Ai-Lun Yang
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University , Shandong , China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan.,College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shandong , China.,Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
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Lin YY, Chen JS, Wu XB, Shyu WC, Chaunchaiyakul R, Zhao XL, Kuo CH, Cheng YJ, Yang AL, Lee SD. Combined effects of 17β-estradiol and exercise training on cardiac apoptosis in ovariectomized rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208633. [PMID: 30571718 PMCID: PMC6301615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined 17β-estradiol (E2) and exercise training on cardiac pro-survival and anti-apoptotic pathways in ovariectomized rats. Methods Fifty-six female Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into a sham-operated (Sham), a bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX), an OVX treated with E2 (OVX-E2; 10μg/kg/day), and an OVX with E2 and treadmill exercise training (OVX-E2-EX; 60 min/day, 5 days/week) for 10 weeks. Following 10 weeks of exercise training, rat hearts were isolated for the evaluation of Histopathological analysis, TUNEL assay, and Western blotting. Results The protein levels of estrogen receptor α (ERα), estrogen receptor β (ERβ), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), phospho-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K) (estrogen receptors/IGF-1-related survival pathway) were significantly increased in either the OVX-E2 or OVX-E2-EX group when compared with the OVX group. The protein levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL) and phosphorylated-Bad (p-Bad) (Bcl-2 family survival pathway) were significantly increased in the OVX-E2-EX group when compared with the OVX group. Only the p-Bad was significantly increased in the OVX-E2 group when compared with the OVX group. The protein levels of truncation of Bid (t-Bid), Bcl-2-associated death promotor (Bad), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Cytochrome c, caspases-9, and caspases-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway), as well as the protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Fas ligand, Fas receptors, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), activated caspase-8 and activated caspase-3 (Fas receptor–dependent apoptotic pathway) were significantly decreased in either the OVX-E2 or OVX-E2-EX group when compared with the OVX group. Furthermore, when compared with the OVX-E2 group, the protein levels of ERβ, IGF-1, IGF-1R, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were further enhanced in the OVX-E2-EX group as well as the protein levels of Cytochrome c, Fas receptors, FADD, activated caspase-8, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 were further decreased in the OVX-EX-E2 group. Conclusions Combined E2 and exercise training exhibited a positive effect of protection on ovariectomy-induced cardiac apoptosis by enhancing ERβ-related survival pathways, which might provide a more effective therapeutic effect on cardiac protection in bilaterally oophorectomized or menopausal women than E2 treatment only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yuan Lin
- Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jwo-Sheng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xu-Bo Wu
- Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Xian-Li Zhao
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Lun Yang
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Departmental of Rehabilitation, Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Estrogen deprivation aggravates cardiac hypertrophy in nonobese Type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170886. [PMID: 28923829 PMCID: PMC5643740 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and estrogen deprivation have been shown to be associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and adverse cardiac remodeling. However, the role of estrogen deprivation on adverse cardiac remodeling in nonobese T2DM rats has not been clearly elucidated. We hypothesized that estrogen-deprivation aggravates adverse cardiac remodeling in Goto–Kakizaki (GK) rats. Wild-type (WT) and GK rats at the age of 9 months old were divided into two subgroups to have either a sham operation (WTS, GKS) or a bilateral ovariectomy (WTO, GKO) (n = 6/subgroup). Four months after the operation, the rats were killed, and the heart was excised rapidly. Metabolic parameters, cardiomyocytes hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and biochemical parameters were determined. GK rats had hyperglycemia with hypoinsulinemia, and estrogen deprivation did not increase the severity of T2DM. Cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac oxidative stress, and phosphor-antinuclear factor κB were higher in WTO and GKS rats than WTS rats, and they markedly increased in GKO rats compared with GKS rats. Furthermore, cardiac fibrosis, transforming growth factor-β, Bax, phosphor-p38, and peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor γ coactivator-1α expression were increased in GKS and GKO rats compared with the lean rats. However, mitochondrial dynamics proteins including dynamin-related protein 1 and mitofusin-2 were not altered by T2DM and estrogen deprivation. Although estrogen deprivation did not aggravate T2DM in GK rats, it increased the severity of cardiac hypertrophy by provoking cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress in nonobese GK rats.
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Moreira AC, Silva AM, Branco AF, Baldeiras I, Pereira GC, Seiça R, Santos MS, Sardão VA. Phytoestrogen coumestrol improves mitochondrial activity and decreases oxidative stress in the brain of ovariectomized Wistar-Han rats. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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E2/ER β Enhances Calcineurin Protein Degradation and PI3K/Akt/MDM2 Signal Transduction to Inhibit ISO-Induced Myocardial Cell Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040892. [PMID: 28441761 PMCID: PMC5412471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretion of multifunctional estrogen and its receptor has been widely considered as the reason for markedly higher frequency of heart disease in men than in women. 17β-Estradiol (E2), for instance, has been reported to prevent development of cardiac apoptosis via activation of estrogen receptors (ERs). In addition, protein phosphatase such as protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and calcineurin (PP2B) are also involved in cardiac hypertrophy and cell apoptosis signaling. However, the mechanism by which E2/ERβ suppresses apoptosis is not fully understood, and the role of protein phosphatase in E2/ERβ action also needs further investigation. In this study, we observed that E2/ERβ inhibited isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial cell apoptosis, cytochrome c release and downstream apoptotic markers. Moreover, we found that E2/ERβ blocks ISO-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells through the enhancement of calcineurin protein degradation through PI3K/Akt/MDM2 signaling pathway. Our results suggest that supplementation with estrogen and/or overexpression of estrogen receptor β gene may prove to be effective means to treat stress-induced myocardial damage.
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Guo XH, Li YH, Zhao YS, Zhai YZ, Zhang LC. Anti‑aging effects of melatonin on the myocardial mitochondria of rats and associated mechanisms. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:403-410. [PMID: 27959405 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the anti-aging effects of melatonin on the myocardial mitochondria of D-galactose-aged rats and associated mechanisms. A total of 30 male Sprague‑Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: An accelerated aging group that received 125 mg/kg/day D‑galactose; a melatonin‑treated group of D‑galactose‑aged rats that received 10 mg/kg/day melatonin; and a control group receiving normal saline. ATP, ADP and AMP levels in the left ventricular myocardium of rats were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and the total adenylic acid number (TAN) was subsequently calculated. Bax, Bcl‑2, and cytochrome c (cyt‑c) protein expression levels in myocardial mitochondria and cytoplasm were quantified by western blot analysis. In the melatonin‑treated group, ATP levels were significantly higher when compared with the untreated control group and the accelerated‑ageing group (0.068 vs. 0.052 and 0.058; P=0.002 and P=0.045, respectively), and TAN was significantly increased in the melatonin‑treated group when compared with controls (P=0.011). In addition, cyt‑c levels in the cytoplasm, but not in the mitochondria, were significantly higher in the accelerated‑aging group compared with the control and melatonin‑treated groups (P=0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). Bcl‑2 and Bax ratios were significantly higher in the control and melatonin‑treated groups when compared with the accelerated‑aging group (P=0.004 and P=0.032, respectively). These results suggest that melatonin exhibits a protective effect on mitochondrial function in a rat model of accelerated aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Sheng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Zhi Zhai
- Emergency Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Li-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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The Coexistence of Hypertension and Ovariectomy Additively Increases Cardiac Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122036. [PMID: 27929425 PMCID: PMC5187836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether the coexistence of hypertension and ovariectomy will increase cardiac Fas receptor and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways, histopathological analysis, the TUNEL assay and Western blotting were performed on the excised hearts from three groups of female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), which were divided into a sham-operated group (SHR-Sham), bilaterally ovariectomized group (SHR-OVX) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Compared with the WKY group, the SHR-Sham group exhibited decreased protein levels of ERα, ERβ, p-Akt/Akt, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and p-Bad and decreased further in the SHR-OVX group, as well as protein levels of t-Bid, Bak, Bad, Bax, cytochrome c, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptosis) increased in the SHR-Sham group and increased further in the SHR-OVX group. Compared with the WKY group, protein levels of Fas ligand, TNF-α, Fas death receptors, TNFR1, FADD and activated caspase-8 (Fas receptor-dependent apoptosis) increased in the SHR-Sham group, but did not increase in the SHR-OVX group, except Fas ligand and TNF-α. The coexistence of hypertension and ovariectomy attenuated the estrogen receptor survival pathway and appeared to additively increase the cardiac mitochondria-dependent, but not the Fas receptor-dependent apoptosis pathway, which might provide one possible mechanism for the development of cardiac abnormalities in hypertensive postmenopausal women.
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Liao HE, Shibu MA, Kuo WW, Pai PY, Ho TJ, Kuo CH, Lin JY, Wen SY, Viswanadha VP, Huang CY. Deep sea minerals prolong life span of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by compensatory augmentation of the IGF-I-survival signaling and inhibition of apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:769-781. [PMID: 25727812 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of deep sea minerals (DSM), such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium, is known to reduce hypercholesterolemia-induced myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac-apoptosis and provide protection against cardiovascular diseases. Heart diseases develop as a lethal complication among diabetic patients usually due to hyperglycemia-induced cardiac-apoptosis that causes severe cardiac-damages, heart failure, and reduced life expectancy. In this study, we investigated the potential of DSM and its related cardio-protection to increase the life expectancy in diabetic rats. In this study, a heart failure rat model was developed by using streptozotocin (65 mg kg(-1) ) IP injection. Different doses of DSM-1× (37 mg kg(-1) day(-1) ), 2× (74 mg kg(-1) day(-1) ) and 3× (111 mg kg(-1) day(-1) ), were administered to the rats through gavages for 4 weeks. The positive effects of DSM on the survival rate of diabetes rats were determined with respect to the corresponding effects of MgSO4 . Further, to understand the mechanism by which DSM enhances the survival of diabetic rats, their potential to regulate cardiac-apoptosis and control cardiac-dysfunction were examined. Echocardiogram, tissue staining, TUNEL assay, and Western blotting assay were used to investigate modulations in the myocardial contractile function and related signaling protein expression. The results showed that DSM regulate apoptosis and complement the cardiomyocyte proliferation by enhancing survival mechanisms. Moreover DSM significantly reduced the mortality rate and enhanced the survival rate of diabetic rats. Experimental results show that DSM administration can be an effective strategy to improve the life expectancy of diabetic subjects by improving cardiac-cell proliferation and by controlling cardiac-apoptosis and associated cardiac-dysfunction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 769-781, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-En Liao
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ying Lin
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ying Wen
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Huang CY, Lin YY, Hsu CC, Cheng SM, Shyu WC, Ting H, Yang AL, Ho TJ, Lee SD. Antiapoptotic effect of exercise training on ovariectomized rat hearts. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 121:457-65. [PMID: 27339185 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01042.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training on cardiac Fas receptor-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways in ovariectomized rats. Histopathological analysis, TUNEL assay, and Western blotting were performed on the excised hearts from three groups of Sprague-Dawley rats, which were divided into a sham-operated group, a bilaterally ovariectomized group (OVX), and a bilaterally ovariectomized group that underwent treadmill running exercise for 60 min/day, 5 sessions/wk, for 10 wk (OVX-EX). The abnormal myocardial architecture, cardiac trichome-stained fibrosis and cardiac TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells in ovariectomized rats improved after exercise training. The protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, Fas ligand, Fas receptors, Fas-associated death domain, activated caspase-8 and activated caspase-3 (Fas receptor-dependent apoptotic pathways), as well as t-Bid, Bad, Bak, Bax, cytosolic cytochrome c, activated caspase-9, and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways) were decreased in the OVX-EX group compared with the OVX group. Exercise training suppressed ovariectomy-induced cardiac Fas receptor-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways in ovariectomized rat models. These findings might indicate a new therapeutic effect for exercise training to prevent cardiac apoptosis in menopausal or bilaterally oophorectomized women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chao Hsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Min Cheng
- Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hua Ting
- Center of Sleep Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Lun Yang
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; and School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
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Lee SD, Kuo WW, Ho YJ, Lin AC, Day CH, Viswanadha VP, Wang HF, Kuo CH, Lai CH, Huang CY. Therapeutic effects of Dioscorea on post-menopause-induced cardiac apoptosis in rats. Chin J Integr Med 2016:10.1007/s11655-016-2602-2. [PMID: 27299464 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2602-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of Dioscorea on bilateral ovariectomies-induced cardiac Fasdependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways. METHODS Forty-eight female Wistar rats at 6-7 months of age were equally divided into a sham-operated group, and a bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) group for 2 months, and the rats in the OVX group were further fed with 0, 250 or 750 mL/kg Dioscorea spp. daily in the 2nd month. The excised hearts were measured by positive terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays, western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Dioscorea spp. decreased OVX-induced cardiac TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells; decreased OVX-induced TNF-alpha, Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain, activated caspase-8, and -3 (Fas pathways); decreased OVX-induced Bad, Bax, Bax-to-Bcl2 ratio, activated caspase-9, and -3 (mitochondria pathway). CONCLUSIONS Dioscorea spp. prevented ovariectomy-induced cardiac Fas-dependent and mitochondriadependent apoptotic pathways in rat models. The fifi ndings may provide possible therapeutic effects of dioscorea for potentially preventing cardiac apoptosis after ovariectomy or post-menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40202, China
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, 41354, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai (201203, China
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40202, China
| | - Ying-Jui Ho
- School of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40201, China
| | - Ann-Chi Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40202, China
| | - Cecilia Hsuan Day
- Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, Pingtung, Taiwan (91202, China
| | | | - Hsueh Fang Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Huang-Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, 43302, China
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40202, China
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, 10048, China
| | - Chao-Hung Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 41168, China
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40202, China.
- Institute of Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40202, China.
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, 41354, China.
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Yoo JH, Liu Y, Kim HS. Hawthorn Fruit Extract Elevates Expression of Nrf2/HO-1 and Improves Lipid Profiles in Ovariectomized Rats. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8050283. [PMID: 27187458 PMCID: PMC4882696 DOI: 10.3390/nu8050283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge) extract on the lipid profiles and antioxidant properties in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. After ovariectomy, the rats were randomly divided into four groups: the non-OVX control (Sham), the OVX-control (OVX), the OVX + 100 mg/kg b.w. of hawthorn extract (OL), and the OVX + 200 mg/kg b.w. of hawthorn extract (OH). The final body weights of the OVX group were significantly increased, but the increment was significantly decreased in hawthorn groups (p < 0.05). The serum total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly elevated in the OVX group, whereas the hawthorn groups showed a significant decrease in these levels (p < 0.05). The hepatic triglyceride (TG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly reduced in the hawthorn groups compared with the OVX group (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly decreased in the OVX group, whereas the hawthorn groups exhibited a significant increase in expression (p < 0.05). The protein expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, and GPx were lower in the OVX group than the Sham group (p < 0.05). The oral administration of hawthorn extract reversed the suppression of protein levels. These results suggest that hawthorn extract could have protective effects in OVX rats by improving lipid profiles, decreasing oxidative stress, and improving the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Yoo
- Division of Food and Nutritional Science and Life Systems, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea.
| | - Yanan Liu
- Major in Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Sook Kim
- Division of Food and Nutritional Science and Life Systems, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea.
- Major in Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea.
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El-Sayed SS, Zakaria MNM, Abdel-Ghany RH, Abdel-Rahman AA. Cystathionine-γ lyase-derived hydrogen sulfide mediates the cardiovascular protective effects of moxonidine in diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 783:73-84. [PMID: 27138707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Blunted cystathionine-γ lyase (CSE) activity (reduced endogenous H2S-level) is implicated in hypertension and myocardial dysfunction in diabetes. Here, we tested the hypothesis that CSE derived H2S mediates the cardiovascular protection conferred by the imidazoline I1 receptor agonist moxonidine in a diabetic rat model. We utilized streptozotocin (STZ; 55mg/kg i.p) to induce diabetes in male Wistar rats. Four weeks later, STZ-treated rats received vehicle, moxonidine (2 or 6mg/kg; gavage), CSE inhibitor DL-propargylglycine, (37.5mg/kg i.p) or DL-propargylglycine with moxonidine (6mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Moxonidine improved the glycemic state, and reversed myocardial hypertrophy, hypertension and baroreflex dysfunction in STZ-treated rats. Ex vivo studies revealed that STZ caused reductions in CSE expression/activity, H2S and nitric oxide (NO) levels and serum adiponectin and elevations in myocardial imidazoline I1 receptor expression, p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK1/2, phosphorylation and lipid peroxidation (expressed as malondialdehyde). Moxonidine reversed these biochemical responses, and suppressed the expression of death associated protein kinase-3. Finally, pharmacologic CSE inhibition (DL-propargylglycine) abrogated the favorable cardiovascular, glycemic and biochemical responses elicited by moxonidine. These findings present the first evidence for a mechanistic role for CSE derived H2S in the glycemic control and in the favorable cardiovascular effects conferred by imidazoline I1 receptor activation (moxonidine) in a diabetic rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| | - Mohamed N M Zakaria
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rasha H Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abdel A Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
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Methanolic Extract of Ceplukan Leaf (Physalis minima L.) Attenuates Ventricular Fibrosis through Inhibition of TNF-α in Ovariectomized Rats. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2016; 2016:2428052. [PMID: 26941790 PMCID: PMC4752972 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2428052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase of heart failure prevalence on menopausal women was correlated with the decrease of estrogen level. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ceplukan leaf (Physalis minima L.), which contains phytoestrogen physalin and withanolides, on ventricular TNF-α level and fibrosis in ovariectomized rats. Wistar rats were divided into six groups (control (-); OVX 5: 5-week ovariectomy (OVX); OVX 9: 9-week ovariectomy; treatments I, II, and III: 9-weeks OVX + 4-week ceplukan leaf's methanolic extract doses 500, 1500, and 2500 mg/kgBW, resp.). TNF-α levels were measured with ELISA. Fibrosis was counted as blue colored tissues percentage using Masson's Trichrome staining. This study showed that prolonged hypoestrogen increases ventricular fibrosis (p < 0.05). Ceplukan leaf treatment also resulted in a decrease of ventricular fibrosis and TNF-α level in dose dependent manner compared to without treatment group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the TNF-α level was normalized in 2500 mg/kgBW Physalis minima L. (p < 0.05) treatment. The reduction of fibrosis positively correlated with TNF-α level (p < 0.05, r = 0.873). Methanolic extract of ceplukan leaf decreases ventricular fibrosis through the inhibition of ventricular TNF-α level in ovariectomized rats.
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Liao PH, Kuo WW, Hsieh DJY, Yeh YL, Day CH, Chen YH, Chang SH, Padma VV, Chen YH, Huang CY. Heat-killed Lactobacillus Reuteri GMNL-263 Prevents Epididymal Fat Accumulation and Cardiac Injury in High-Calorie Diet-Fed Rats. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:569-77. [PMID: 27499689 PMCID: PMC4974905 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.15597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-calorie diet-induced obesity leads to cardiomyocyte dysfunction and apoptosis. Impaired regulation of epididymal fat content in obese patients has been known to increase the risk of cardiac injury. In our study, a lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263, was evaluated for its potential to reduce body weight and body fat ratio and to prevent heart injury in rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity. Lactic acid bacteria supplementation restored the cardiac function and decreased the physiological changes in the heart of the obese rats. In addition, the Fas/Fas-associated protein pathway-induced caspase 3/e Poly polymerase mediated apoptosis in the cardiomyocytes of the obese rats was reversed in the Lr263-treated rats. These results reveal that fed with Lr-263 reduces body fat ratio, inhibits caspase 3-mediated apoptosis and restores cardiac function in obese rats through recovery of ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Our results indicated that the administration of Lr263 lactic acid bacteria can significantly down-regulate body fat and prevent cardiomyocyte injury in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsiang Liao
- 1. Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- 2. Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- 3. School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- 4. Department of pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; 5. Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Cecilia-Hsuan Day
- 6. Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, Pingguang Road, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Chen
- 7. Department of Research and Development, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Huang Chang
- 8. Department of Health, Tsao-Tun Psychiatric Center, Executive Yuan, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- 9. Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Yi-Hsing Chen
- 7. Department of Research and Development, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan; 10. Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- 1. Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 11. Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 12. Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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24
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Efficacy of female rat models in translational cardiovascular aging research. J Aging Res 2014; 2014:153127. [PMID: 25610649 PMCID: PMC4294461 DOI: 10.1155/2014/153127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women in the United States. Aging is a primary risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease as well as cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality. Aging is a universal process that all humans undergo; however, research in aging is limited by cost and time constraints. Therefore, most research in aging has been done in primates and rodents; however it is unknown how well the effects of aging in rat models translate into humans. To compound the complication of aging gender has also been indicated as a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. This review addresses the systemic pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system associated with aging and gender for aging research with regard to the applicability of rat derived data for translational application to human aging.
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El Habachi NM, Maklad HM, Sharara GM, Allam EA, Fawzy EM. A comparative study between the effect of 17-β estradiol and antioxidants combination on some menopausal changes in oophorectomised rats. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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26
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Ischemia postconditioning preventing lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Gene 2014; 554:120-4. [PMID: 25300253 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the inhibitory effect of IPO against ischemia reperfusion (I/R) induced lung injury in rats. METHODS Anesthetized and mechanically ventilated adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of the following groups (n=12 each): the sham operated control group, the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group (30min of left-lung ischemia and 24h of reperfusion), the IPO group (three successive cycles of 30-s reperfusion per 30-s occlusion before restoring full perfusion), and the dexamethasone plus IPO group (rats were injected with dexamethasone (3mg/kg·day(-1)) 10min prior to the experiment and the rest of the procedures were the same as the IPO group). Lung injury was assessed by wet-to-dry lung weight ratio and tissue apoptosis and biochemical changes. RESULTS Lung ischemia-reperfusion increased lung MDA production, serum proinflammatory cytokine count, and MPO activity and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities (all p<0.05 I/R versus sham), accompanied with a compensatory increase in caspase-3, bax, Fas, FasL proteins and a decrease in Bcl-2 protein. Plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were increased in the I/R group (all p<0.05 versus sham). IPO attenuated or prevented all the above changes. Treatment with dexamethasone enhanced all the protective effects of postconditioning. CONCLUSION Postconditioning obviously inhibits I/R induced lung injury by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis activities.
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Sun BB, Fu LN, Wang YQ, Gao QY, Xu J, Cao ZJ, Chen YX, Fang JY. Silencing of JMJD2B induces cell apoptosis via mitochondria-mediated and death receptor-mediated pathway activation in colorectal cancer. J Dig Dis 2014; 15:491-500. [PMID: 24957706 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell apoptosis induced by the Jumonji domain containing 2B (JMJD2B) silencing. METHODS Both HCT116 and LoVo CRC cell lines were used for analyses. Cell apoptosis after JMJD2B silencing was determined by flow cytometry. JC-1 fluorescence probe was applied to measure the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Immunofluorescence was used to detect cytochrome C translocation from mitochondria to cytosol after JMJD2B silencing. The efficacy of JMJD2B silencing on the protein levels of Bcl-2 family, caspase proteins, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) were detected by Western blot. RESULTS JMJD2B silencing induced CRC cell apoptosis via a decrease of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 family expression, leading to the translocation of Bak and Bax proteins and the promotion of mitochondrial membrane disruption, resulting in the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria and subsequent caspase-9 and caspase-3 cleavage. It also increased the amount of cleaved caspase-8 involved in the death receptor-related apoptotic pathway. Bcl-2 homology 3 interacting-domain death agonist (Bid), a specific caspase-8 substrate involved in the Fas signaling pathway, subsequently induced cleavage via caspase-8 activation. However, levels of CHOP and GRP78 remained unchanged after JMJD2B silencing. CONCLUSIONS JMJD2B silencing induced CRC cell apoptosis via both mitochondria-related and death receptor-related pathways. The cleavage of Bid activated by caspase-8 might serve as a crosstalk mediator between these two pathways in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Bei Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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Lin CH, Lin CC, Ting WJ, Pai PY, Kuo CH, Ho TJ, Kuo WW, Chang CH, Huang CY, Lin WT. Resveratrol enhanced FOXO3 phosphorylation via synergetic activation of SIRT1 and PI3K/Akt signaling to improve the effects of exercise in elderly rat hearts. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9705. [PMID: 25158994 PMCID: PMC4453936 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training is considered a benefit to heart function, but the benefit in aging hearts remains unknown. Activation of the PI3K-Akt survival pathway and suppression of Fas/FADD/caspase-8 apoptotic signaling by exercise training in hearts from young subjects have been described in our previous studies. However, the mechanisms are still unclear and need to be explored in aging hearts. Thus, 18-month-old rats were used as a model and underwent swimming exercise training, resveratrol treatment (15 mg/kg/day), or exercise training with resveratrol treatment for 1 month. The results showed that heart function in each group improved. However, the 18-month-old rats in the exercise-only group experienced the slightly inevitable impact of increased TNF-α, cell apoptosis, and fibrosis. In the protein analysis, the PI3K-Akt pathway was slightly increased with exercise training and resveratrol treatment, but Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was only highly activated with resveratrol treatment in the aged rat hearts. Moreover, the exercise training plus resveratrol group benefited from SIRT1 and PI3K-Akt dual pathways and blocked FOXO3 accumulation. Our experimental results strongly suggest that resveratrol treatment improves the beneficial effects of exercise training in aging rat hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsueh Lin
- />Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- />School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Ph.D. Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- />Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- />School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Ph.D. Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Ting
- />Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Pai
- />Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- />Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- />School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Beigang, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- />Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ho Chang
- />Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- />Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
- />School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Teng Lin
- />Department of Hospitality Management, College of Agriculture, Tunghai University, No. 181, Sec. 3, Taichung Port Rd., Situn District, 40704 Taichung City, Taiwan
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Lai MC, Lin JG, Pai PY, Lai MH, Lin YM, Yeh YL, Cheng SM, Liu YF, Huang CY, Lee SD. Protective effect of salidroside on cardiac apoptosis in mice with chronic intermittent hypoxia. Int J Cardiol 2014; 174:565-73. [PMID: 24825027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study is to determine if salidroside has protective effects on hypoxia-induced cardiac widely dispersed apoptosis in mice with severe sleep apnea model. METHODS Sixty-four C57BL/6J mice 5-6 months of age were divided into four groups, i.e. Control group (21% O2, 24h per day, 8 weeks, n=16); Hypoxia group (Hypoxia: 7% O2 60s, 20% O2 alternating 60s, 8h per day, 8 weeks, n=16); and Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S 30 groups (Hypoxia for 1st 4 weeks, hypoxia pretreated 10mg/kg and 30 mg/kg salidroside by oral gavage per day for 2nd 4 weeks, n=16 and 16). The excised hearts from four groups were measured by the heart weight index, H&E staining, TUNEL-positive assays and Western blotting. RESULTS TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells in mice heart were less in Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S30 than those in the Hypoxia group. Compared with Hypoxia, the protein levels of Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-Associated Death Domain (FADD), activated caspase 8, and activated caspase 3 (Fas pathways) were decreased in Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S30. In the mitochondria pathway, the protein levels of BcLx, Bcl2, and Bid (anti-apoptotic Bcl2 family) in Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S30 were more than those in Hypoxia. The protein levels of Bax, t-Bid, activated caspase 9, and activated caspase 3 were less in Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S30 than those in hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that salidroside has protective effects on chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced Fas-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways in mice hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaung-Geng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Pai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsin Lai
- College of Medicine and Nursing, Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-The Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-The Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Min Cheng
- Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-fan Liu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China.
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Lai CH, Ho TJ, Kuo WW, Day CH, Pai PY, Chung LC, Liao PH, Lin FH, Wu ET, Huang CY. Exercise training enhanced SIRT1 longevity signaling replaces the IGF1 survival pathway to attenuate aging-induced rat heart apoptosis. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9706. [PMID: 25148910 PMCID: PMC4453937 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the second leading cause of death (9.1 %) in Taiwan. Heart function deteriorates with age at a rate of 1 % per year. As society ages, we must study the serious problem of cardiovascular disease. SIRT1 regulates important cellular processes, including anti-apoptosis, neuronal protection, cellular senescence, aging, and longevity. In our previous studies, rats with obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes exhibiting slowed myocardial performance and induced cell apoptosis were reversed via sports training through IGF1 survival signaling compensation. This study designed a set of experiments with rats, in aging and exercise groups, to identify changes in myocardial cell signaling transduction pathways. Three groups of three different aged rats, 3, 12, and 18 months old, were randomly divided into aging groups (C3, A12, and A18) and exercise groups (E3, AE12, and AE18). The exercise training consisted of swimming five times a week with gradual increases from the first week from 20 to 60 min for 12 weeks. After the sports training process was completed, tissue sections were taken to observe cell organization (hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain) and apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays) and to observe any changes in the myocardial tissues and proteins (Western blotting). The experimental results show that cardiomyocyte apoptotic pathway protein expression increased with age in the aging groups (C3, A12, and A18), with improvement in the exercise group (E3, AE12, and AE18). However, the expression of the pro-survival p-Akt protein decreased significantly with age and reduced performance. The IGF1R/PI3K/Akt survival pathway in the heart of young rats can indeed be increased through exercise training. As rats age, this pathway loses its original function, even with increasing upstream IGF1. However, levels of SIRT1 and its downstream target PGC-1α were found to increase with age and compensatory performance. Moreover, exercise training enhanced the SIRT longevity pathway compensation instead of IGF1 survival signaling to improve cardiomyocyte survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hung Lai
- />Graduate Institute of Aging Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- />School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beijing Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- />Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-ying Pai
- />Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chin Chung
- />Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan County, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiang Liao
- />Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- />Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - En-Ting Wu
- />Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- />Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- />Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University and Hospital, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
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Cherng SH, Huang CY, Kuo WW, Lai SE, Tseng CY, Lin YM, Tsai FJ, Wang HF. GABA tea prevents cardiac fibrosis by attenuating TNF-alpha and Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 65:90-6. [PMID: 24374093 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
GABA tea is a tea product that contains a high level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This study investigated the effects of GABA tea on the heart in a diabetic rat model. Male Wistar rats were injected with 55mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes for 2weeks and then orally given dosages of 4.55 and 45.5mg/kg/day GABA tea extract for 6weeks. The results revealed that fasting blood glucose levels returned to normal levels in GABA tea-treated diabetic rats, but not in the untreated diabetic rats. Additionally, GABA tea effectively inhibited cardiac fibrosis induced by STZ. Further experiments showed that the STZ-induced protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Fas, activated caspase-8 and caspase-3 were significantly inhibited by the GABA tea treatment. Therefore, our data suggest that the inhibiting effect of GABA tea on STZ-induced cardiac fibrosis in diabetic rats may be mediated by reducing blood glucose and further attenuating TNF-alpha expression and/or Fas/Fas ligand (FasL)-mediated apoptosis. These findings will provide implications for the potential anti-diabetic properties of GABA tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shur-Hueih Cherng
- Department of Biotecnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shue-Er Lai
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate Programs of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung 40764, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Tseng
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate Programs of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Fang Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate Programs of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan.
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Fannin J, Rice KM, Thulluri S, Arvapalli RK, Wehner P, Blough ER. The Effects of Aging on Indices of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Female Fischer 344/Nnia X Brown Norway/BiNia Rat Heart. Open Cardiovasc Med J 2013; 7:113-21. [PMID: 24358061 PMCID: PMC3866772 DOI: 10.2174/1874192401307010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative-nitrosative stress may play a role in age-associated cardiovascular disease as implied by recent studies.However, limited research has been conducted using aged female rodent models. In this study, we examined hearts obtained from 6-, 26-, and 30-month old female Fischer 344/Nnia x Brown Norway/BiNia (F344xBN) rats in order to examine how aging affects levels of cardiac oxidative-nitrosative stress and apoptosis. Oxidative (superoxide anion and 4-HNE) and nitrosative (protein nitrosylation) stress markers were increased 180 ± 17 %, 110 ± 3 %, and 14 ± 2 %, respectively in 30-month hearts compared to the hearts of 6-month female rats. Coincident with these changes in oxidative-nitrosative stress, aging was also found to be associated with increases in the number of Tdt-mediated dUTP nick labeling (TUNEL)-positive cardiomyocytes, alterations in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and elevated cleavage of caspase-3. Regression analysis demonstrates significant correlation in the age-associated changes markers of oxidative–nitrosative stress with changes in apoptotic signaling. The findings from this descriptive study imply that age-associated increases in mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis may be associated with the increase in oxidative-nitrosative stress in the aging F344xBN female heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Fannin
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, USA ; Center for Diagnostic Nanosystems, Marshall University, Huntington WV, USA
| | - Kevin M Rice
- Department of Internal Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington WV, USA ; Center for Diagnostic Nanosystems, Marshall University, Huntington WV, USA
| | - Srininvas Thulluri
- Center for Diagnostic Nanosystems, Marshall University, Huntington WV, USA
| | | | - Paulette Wehner
- Department of Cardiology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Eric R Blough
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, USA ; Center for Diagnostic Nanosystems, Marshall University, Huntington WV, USA ; Department of Pharmaceutical Science Research, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington WV, USA
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Patki G, Allam FH, Atrooz F, Dao AT, Solanki N, Chugh G, Asghar M, Jafri F, Bohat R, Alkadhi KA, Salim S. Grape powder intake prevents ovariectomy-induced anxiety-like behavior, memory impairment and high blood pressure in female Wistar rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74522. [PMID: 24040270 PMCID: PMC3767647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diminished estrogen influence at menopause is reported to be associated with cognitive decline, heightened anxiety and hypertension. While estrogen therapy is often prescribed to overcome these behavioral and physiological deficits, antioxidants which have been shown beneficial are gaining nutritional intervention and popularity. Therefore, in the present study, utilizing the antioxidant properties of grapes, we have examined effect of 3 weeks of grape powder (GP; 15 g/L dissolved in tap water) treatment on anxiety-like behavior, learning-memory impairment and high blood pressure in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Four groups of female Wistar rats were used; sham control, sham-GP treated, OVX and OVX+GP treated. We observed a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in OVX rats as compared to sham-controls. Furthermore, ovariectomy increased anxiety-like behavior and caused learning and memory impairment in rats as compared to sham-controls. Interestingly, providing grape powder treated water to OVX rats restored both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, decreased anxiety-like behavior and improved memory function. Moreover, OVX rats exhibited an impaired long term potentiation which was restored with grape powder treatment. Furthermore, ovariectomy increased oxidative stress in the brain, serum and urine, selectively decreasing antioxidant enzyme, glyoxalase-1 protein expression in the hippocampus but not in the cortex and amygdala of OVX rats, while grape powder treatment reversed these effects. Other antioxidant enzyme levels, including manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Cu/Zn SOD remained unchanged. We suggest that grape powder by regulating oxidative stress mechanisms exerts its protective effect on blood pressure, learning-memory and anxiety-like behavior. Our study is the first to examine behavioral, biochemical, physiological and electrophysiological outcome of estrogen depletion in rats and to test protective role of grape powder, all in the same study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Patki
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Farida H. Allam
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Fatin Atrooz
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - An T. Dao
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Naimesh Solanki
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gaurav Chugh
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Asghar
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Faizan Jafri
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ritu Bohat
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Karim A. Alkadhi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Samina Salim
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Oral Lactobacillus reuteri GMN-32 treatment reduces blood glucose concentrations and promotes cardiac function in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Br J Nutr 2013; 111:598-605. [PMID: 24001238 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513002791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Impaired regulation of blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and the associated elevation of blood glucose levels are known to increase the risk of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). In the present study, a probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus reuteri GMN-32, was evaluated for its potential to reduce blood glucose levels and to provide protection against DC risks in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM rats. The blood glucose levels of the STZ-induced DM rats when treated with L. reuteri GMN-32 decreased from 4480 to 3620 mg/l (with 10⁷ colony-forming units (cfu)/d) and 3040 mg/l (with 10⁹ cfu/d). Probiotic treatment also reduced the changes in the heart caused by the effects of DM. Furthermore, the Fas/Fas-associated protein with death domain pathway-induced caspase 8-mediated apoptosis that was observed in the cardiomyocytes of the STZ-induced DM rats was also found to be controlled in the probiotic-treated rats. The results highlight that L. reuteri GMN-32 treatment reduces blood glucose levels, inhibits caspase 8-mediated apoptosis and promotes cardiac function in DM rats as observed from their ejection fraction and fractional shortening values. In conclusion, the administration of L. reuteri GMN-32 probiotics can regulate blood glucose levels, protect cardiomyocytes and prevent DC in DM rats.
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Increased cerebral oxidative damage and decreased antioxidant defenses in ovariectomized and sham-operated rats supplemented with vitamin A. Cell Biol Toxicol 2012; 28:317-30. [PMID: 22806338 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-012-9226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have linked oxidative stress with aging and aging-related processes, including menopause. Abnormalities in the redox state similar to those observed in menopausal women can be modeled experimentally with rat ovariectomy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of vitamin A (retinol palmitate) supplementation (500 or 1,500 IU kg(-1) day(-1) for 30 days) on behavioral parameters and brain redox profile in ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated rats. Ovariectomy caused pronounced uterine atrophy and decreased locomotor/exploratory activity. Moreover, we found increased hypothalamic and frontal cortex superoxide dismutase/catalase (SOD/CAT) ratio and decreased hippocampal thiol content, accompanied by increased frontal cortex lipid oxidative damage (TBARS) in OVX rats. Vitamin A at 1,500 IUkg(-1) day(-1) decreased exploratory behavior and decreased total hippocampal thiol content in sham-operated rats, increased hippocampal SOD/CAT ratio and decreased total antioxidant potential in the hippocampus of both sham and OVX groups, and increased cortical TBARS levels in OVX rats. Thus, vitamin A may induce a pro-oxidant state in discrete brain regions of sham-operated and OVX rats. These results suggest some caution regarding the use of high doses of vitamin A supplementation during menopause.
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Ren D, Zhu Q, Li J, Ha T, Wang X, Li Y. Overexpression of angiopoietin-1 reduces doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. J Biomed Res 2012; 26:432-8. [PMID: 23554782 PMCID: PMC3597044 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.26.20120006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a major anticancer chemotherapeutic agent. However, it causes cardiomyopathy due to the side effect of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We have previously reported that angiopoietin-1 significantly reduced myocardial infarction after ischemic injury and protected cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. It is hypothesized that angiopoietin-1 may protect cardiomyocytes from Dox-induced apoptosis. Cardiomyocytes H9C2 were transfected with adenovirus expressing angiopoietin-1 (Ad5-Ang-1) 24 h before the cells were challenged with Dox at a concentration of 2 µmol/L. Ad5-GFP served as the vector control. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was evaluated using Annexin V-FITC staining and caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity was determined by Western blotting. The results showed that Dox treatment significantly induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis as evidenced by the greater number of Annexin V-FITC stained cells and increases in caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity. In contrast, overexpression of angiopoietin-1 significantly prevented Dox-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. To elucidate the mechanisms by which angiopoietin-1 protected cells from Dox-induced apoptosis, we analyzed both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways. We observed that angiopoietin-1 prevented Dox-induced activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways. Specifically, angiopoietin-1 prevented DOX-induced increases in FasL and Bax levels and cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-8 levels in H9C2 cells. In addition, overexpression of angiopoietin-1 also activated the pro-survival phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway and decreased Dox-induced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation. Our data suggest that promoting the expression of angiopoietin-1 could be a potential approach for reducing Dox-induced cardiomyocyte cytoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Fatty Acid Oxidation and Cardiovascular Risk during Menopause: A Mitochondrial Connection? J Lipids 2012; 2012:365798. [PMID: 22496981 PMCID: PMC3306973 DOI: 10.1155/2012/365798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Menopause is a consequence of the normal aging process in women. This fact implies that the physiological and biochemical alterations resulting from menopause often blur with those from the aging process. It is thought that menopause in women presents a higher risk for cardiovascular disease although the precise mechanism is still under discussion. The postmenopause lipid profile is clearly altered, which can present a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Due to the role of mitochondria in fatty acid oxidation, alterations of the lipid profile in the menopausal women will also influence mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation fluxes in several organs. In this paper, we propose that alterations of mitochondrial bioenergetics in the heart, consequence from normal aging and/or from the menopausal process, result in decreased fatty acid oxidation and accumulation of fatty acid intermediates in the cardiomyocyte cytosol, resulting in lipotoxicity and increasing the cardiovascular risk in the menopausal women.
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Wang F, Jiang JM, Deng CH, Wang FL, Fu ZZ, Zhang ZF. Expression of Fas receptor and apoptosis in vertebral endplates with degenerative disc diseases categorized as Modic type I or II. Injury 2011; 42:790-5. [PMID: 21356536 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Vertebral endplate tissues were obtained from patients with degenerated lumbar disc classified as Modic type 1 or type 2 and investigated with immunohistochemical staining and the DNA nick end labelling techniques. OBJECTIVE To examine the expression of fas receptor (FasR) and apoptosis in the endplate cells isolated from patients with degenerative disc disease and to see whether they are associated with the pathological change of endplate. METHODS Fifty-six degenerated lumbar endplate specimens were obtained from the patients with degenerative disc disease categorized as type Modic I or II in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and eight nondegenerated specimens as control (vertebra burst fracture patients without degenerative change in MRI) during surgical procedures. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the presence of FasR and apoptosis in sections of those endplate tissues. To investigate whether the FasR expression and apoptosis in endplate were influenced by degeneration and ageing of the discs, the level of FasR expression and apoptosis in the changed and unchanged endplates was analysed. RESULTS FasR were expressed in the cytoplasm of the endplate cells. A higher degree of FasR expression and apoptosis in endplate cells in degenerated discs was found than that in nondegenerated discs. In cell culture, the level of FasR expression and apoptosis in cells from the degenerative endplates was higher than those in unchanged endplates. The percentage of FasR-positive endplate and apoptotic endplate cells correlated significantly with the patient's age (r=0.301, p<0.05; r=0.307, p<0.05. respectively), but not with the degree of disc degeneration in MRI (r=0.047, p>0.05; r=0.066, p>0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION This is the first study to compare the expression of FasR and apoptosis on vertebral endplate cells in degenerated disc with in nondegenerated disc. The results show that the endplate in degenerated disc may undergo fas-mediated apoptosis and vice versa, endplate degenerative changes may promotes apoptosis of the endplate cells within degenerated disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic and Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
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Behr GA, Schnorr CE, Moreira JCF. Increased blood oxidative stress in experimental menopause rat model: the effects of vitamin A low-dose supplementation upon antioxidant status in bilateral ovariectomized rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2011; 26:235-49. [PMID: 21226757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2010.00923.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Menopause has been reported to be associated with increased oxidative stress and metabolic disorders among women worldwide. Disarrangements in the redox state similar to those observed in women during the decline of ovarian hormonal activity can be obtained experimentally through rat bilateral ovariectomy. The search for alternative treatments to improve life quality in postmenopausal woman is really important. The aim of this study was to evaluate biochemical and oxidative stress parameters that distinguish sham-operated female rats from Wistar rats bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX). Additionally, we have also investigated the effects of retinol palmitate (a vitamin A supplement) low-dose supplementation (500 or 1500 IU/kg/day, during 30 days) upon blood and plasma antioxidant status in OVX rats. Ovariectomy caused an increase in body weight gain, pronounced uterine atrophy, decreased plasma triglycerides and increased total cholesterol levels, and reduced acid uric content. Moreover, we found increased blood peroxidase activities (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), decreased plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses total reactive antioxidant potential and total antioxidant reactivity, decreased protein and non-protein SH levels, accompanied by increased protein oxidative damage (carbonyl). In addition, vitamin A low-dose supplementation was capable to ameliorate antioxidant status in OVX rats, restoring both enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses, promoting reduction in plasma SH content, and decreasing protein oxidative damage levels. This is the first work in the literature showing that vitamin A at low dose may be beneficial in the treatment of menopause symptoms. Further studies will be made to better understand the effects of vitamin A supplementation in menopause rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Antônio Behr
- Center of Oxidative Stress Research, Professor Tuiskon Dick Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Aksakal E, Akaras N, Tanboga IH, Kurt M, Halici Z, Odabasoglu F, Unal B. Relationship between Oxidative Stress and Cardiomyopathic Changes in Ovariectomized Rats. Cardiology 2011; 119:235-41. [DOI: 10.1159/000333003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Liou CM, Yang AL, Kuo CH, Tin H, Huang CY, Lee SD. Effects of 17beta-estradiol on cardiac apoptosis in ovariectomized rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2010; 28:521-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Alcohol dehydrogenase accentuates ethanol-induced myocardial dysfunction and mitochondrial damage in mice: role of mitochondrial death pathway. PLoS One 2010; 5:e8757. [PMID: 20090911 PMCID: PMC2807457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Binge drinking and alcohol toxicity are often associated with myocardial dysfunction possibly due to accumulation of the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde although the underlying mechanism is unknown. This study was designed to examine the impact of accelerated ethanol metabolism on myocardial contractility, mitochondrial function and apoptosis using a murine model of cardiac-specific overexpression of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Methods ADH and wild-type FVB mice were acutely challenged with ethanol (3 g/kg/d, i.p.) for 3 days. Myocardial contractility, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis (death receptor and mitochondrial pathways) were examined. Results Ethanol led to reduced cardiac contractility, enlarged cardiomyocyte, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, the effects of which were exaggerated by ADH transgene. In particular, ADH exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction manifested as decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and accumulation of mitochondrial O2•−. Myocardium from ethanol-treated mice displayed enhanced Bax, Caspase-3 and decreased Bcl-2 expression, the effect of which with the exception of Caspase-3 was augmented by ADH. ADH accentuated ethanol-induced increase in the mitochondrial death domain components pro-caspase-9 and cytochrome C in the cytoplasm. Neither ethanol nor ADH affected the expression of ANP, total pro-caspase-9, cytosolic and total pro-caspase-8, TNF-α, Fas receptor, Fas L and cytosolic AIF. Conclusions Taken together, these data suggest that enhanced acetaldehyde production through ADH overexpression following acute ethanol exposure exacerbated ethanol-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction, cardiomyocyte enlargement, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, indicating a pivotal role of ADH in ethanol-induced cardiac dysfunction possibly through mitochondrial death pathway of apoptosis.
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