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Birch S, Otton J. Cardio-oncology and radiation oncology: How collaboration between cardiologists and oncologists can be realised in radiation oncology. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38874328 DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Increased survivorship, improvements in cancer treatments, and the potential for cardiac side effects from cancer treatments have resulted in increased collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists and the development of cardio-oncology clinics. This collaboration is important given its role in ensuring greater patient satisfaction, aiding teams of clinicians in making complex treatment decision, and ensuring cardiac complications are diagnosed at an early stage. The particularities of implementing this collaboration in the field of radiation oncology and how this setting is different from other areas of cardio-oncology have not been well detailed in the literature. This paper will discuss what is currently understood about the need for and role of cardio-oncology and what a cardio-oncology services involves, with a particular emphasis on patient and clinician needs in the field of radiation oncology. The literature and recent guidelines do advocate for a detailed baseline assessment of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, especially patients with treatment or patient risk factors that increase their risk of cancer-therapy related cardiotoxicity. Advancements in cardiac imaging techniques will be discussed as these may help to diagnose cardiac side effects of certain cancer treatments, including radiotherapy, at an early stage. A multi-disciplinary and collaborative approach is well received by patients and such an approach, guided by the aim of maintaining a patient's cancer treatment wherever possible, should be the cornerstone of cardio-oncology clinics regardless of the patient's treatment regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Birch
- Cardiology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Otton
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Devabattula G, Panda B, Yadav R, Godugu C. The Potential Pharmacological Effects of Natural Product Withaferin A in Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges for Clinical Translation. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:440-453. [PMID: 38588695 DOI: 10.1055/a-2289-9600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the biggest health concerns with a complex pathophysiology. Currently, available chemotherapeutic drugs are showing deleterious side effects, and tumors often show resistance to treatment. Hence, extensive research is required to develop new treatment strategies to fight against cancer. Natural resources from plants are at the forefront of hunting novel drugs to treat various types of cancers. Withaferin A (WA) is a naturally occurring withanolide, a biologically active component obtained from the plant Ashwagandha. Various in vitro and in vivo oncological studies have reported that Withaferin A (WA) has shown protection from cancer. WA shows its activity by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of malignant cells, apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). In addition, WA also showed chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties. Besides the beneficiary pharmacological activities of WA, a few aspects like pharmacokinetic properties, safety, and toxicity studies are still lacking, hindering this potent natural product from entering clinical development. In this review, we have summarized the various pharmacological mechanisms shown by WA in in vitro and in vivo cancer studies and the challenges that must be overcome for this potential natural product's clinical translation to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Devabattula
- Pharamacology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Biswajit Panda
- Pharamacology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Rachana Yadav
- Pharamacology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Pharamacology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
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Zeng Y, Zhao L, Wang K, Renard CMGC, Le Bourvellec C, Hu Z, Liu X. A-type proanthocyanidins: Sources, structure, bioactivity, processing, nutrition, and potential applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13352. [PMID: 38634188 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
A-type proanthocyanidins (PAs) are a subgroup of PAs that differ from B-type PAs by the presence of an ether bond between two consecutive constitutive units. This additional C-O-C bond gives them a more stable and hydrophobic character. They are of increasing interest due to their potential multiple nutritional effects with low toxicity in food processing and supplement development. They have been identified in several plants. However, the role of A-type PAs, especially their complex polymeric form (degree of polymerization and linkage), has not been specifically discussed and explored. Therefore, recent advances in the physicochemical and structural changes of A-type PAs and their functional properties during extraction, processing, and storing are evaluated. In addition, discussions on the sources, structures, bioactivities, potential applications in the food industry, and future research trends of their derivatives are highlighted. Litchis, cranberries, avocados, and persimmons are all favorable plant sources. Α-type PAs contribute directly or indirectly to human nutrition via the regulation of different degrees of polymerization and bonding types. Thermal processing could have a negative impact on the amount and structure of A-type PAs in the food matrix. More attention should be focused on nonthermal technologies that could better preserve their architecture and structure. The diversity and complexity of these compounds, as well as the difficulty in isolating and purifying natural A-type PAs, remain obstacles to their further applications. A-type PAs have received widespread acceptance and attention in the food industry but have not yet achieved their maximum potential for the future of food. Further research and development are therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Zhuoyan Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Institute for Future Food, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Hubbell E, Clarke CA, Smedby KE, Adami HO, Chang ET. Potential for Cure by Stage across the Cancer Spectrum in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:206-214. [PMID: 38019271 PMCID: PMC10844847 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cure fraction-the proportion of persons considered cured of cancer after long-term follow-up-reflects the total impact of cancer control strategies, including screening, without lead-time bias. Previous studies have not reported stage-stratified cure fraction across the spectrum of cancer types. METHODS Using a mixture cure model, we estimated cure fraction across stages for 21 cancer types and additional subtypes. Cause-specific survival for 2.4 million incident cancers came from 17 US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries for adults 40 to 84 years at diagnosis in 2006 to 2015, followed through 2020. RESULTS Across cancer types, a substantial cure fraction was evident at early stages, followed by either a sharp drop from stages III to IV or a steady decline from stages I to IV. For example, estimated cure fractions for colorectal cancer at stages I, II, III, and IV were 62% (95% confidence interval: 59%-66%), 61% (58%-65%), 58% (57%-59%), and 7% (7%-7%), respectively. Corresponding estimates for gallbladder cancer were 50% (46%-54%), 24% (22%-27%), 22% (19%-25%), and 2% (2%-3%). Differences in 5-year cause-specific survival between early-stage and stage IV cancers were highly correlated with between-stage differences in cure fraction, indicating that survival gaps by stage are persistent and not due to lead-time bias. CONCLUSIONS A considerable fraction of cancer is amenable to cure at early stages, but not after metastasis. IMPACT These results emphasize the potential for early detection of numerous cancers, including those with no current screening modalities, to reduce cancer death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karin E. Smedby
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Aulestia-Viera PV, Rodrigues-Fernandes CI, Brandão TB, Rocha AC, Vargas PA, Lopes MA, Johnson NW, Kowalski LP, Ribeiro ACP, Santos-Silva AR. Malignant tumors affecting the head and neck region in ancient times: Comprehensive study of the CRAB Database. Braz Oral Res 2024; 38:e014. [PMID: 38198312 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the modern world, cancer is a growing cause of mortality, but archeological studies have shown that it is not exclusive to modern populations. The aim of this study is to examine the epidemiologic, social, and clinicopathologic features of head and neck cancers in ancient populations. To do this, we extracted all records that described malignant lesions in the head and neck region available in the Cancer Research in Ancient Bodies Database (CRAB). The estimated age, sex, physical condition of the remains (skeletonized, mummified), anatomic location of tumors, geographic location, chronology, tumor type, and methods of tumor diagnosis were collected. One hundred and sixty-seven cases were found, mostly originating from Europe (51.5%). Most records were of adults between 35 and 49 years of age (37.7%). The most involved site was the skullcap (60.4%), and the most common malignancies were metastases to the bone (65.3%) and multiple myeloma (17.4%). No primary soft tissue malignancies were registered. The results of our study indicate that head and neck cancers were present in ancient civilizations, at least since 500,000 BCE. The available data can help to improve the current understanding of the global distribution of head and neck cancer and its multidimensional impacts on populations in the contemporary world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thaís Bianca Brandão
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Medicine, Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André Caroli Rocha
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Medical School, Clínicas Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Medical School, Head and Neck Surgery Department, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Sonmez F, Karagoz S, Yildirim O, Firat I. Experimental and numerical investigation of the stenosed coronary artery taken from the clinical setting and modeled in terms of hemodynamics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2024; 40:e3793. [PMID: 37975163 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The study was carried out to investigate the effect of the artery with different pulse values and stenosis rates on the pressure drop, the peristaltic pump outlet pressure, fractional flow reserve (FFR) and most importantly the amount of power consumed by the peristaltic pump. For this purpose, images taken from the clinical environment were produced as models (10 mm inlet diameter) with 0% and 70% percent areal stenosis rates (PSR) on a three-dimensional (3D) printer. In the experimental system, pure water was used as the fluid at 54, 84, 114, 132, and 168 bpm pulse values. In addition, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyzes of the test region were performed using experimental boundary conditions with the help of ANSYS-Fluent software. The findings showed that as PSR increases in the arteries, the pressure drop in the stenosis region increases and this amount increases dramatically with increasing effort. An increase of approximately 40% was observed in the pump outlet pressure value from 54 bpm to 168 bpm in the PSR 0% model and 51% increase in the PSR 70% model. It has been observed that the pump does more work to overcome the increased pressure difference due to increased pulse rate and PSR. With the effect of contraction, the power consumption of the pump increased from 9.2% for 54 bpm to 13.8% for 168 bpm. In both models, the Wall Shear Stress (WSS) increased significantly. WSS increased abruptly in the stenosis and arcuate regions, while sudden decreases were observed in the flow separation region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Sonmez
- Artvin Vocational School, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Sendogan Karagoz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Orhan Yildirim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ilker Firat
- Ilic Dursun Yildirim Vocational School, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
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Sharma S, Sharma H, Gogoi H. Bacterial immunotherapy: is it a weapon in our arsenal in the fight against cancer? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277677. [PMID: 38090593 PMCID: PMC10711065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in understanding the genetic basis of cancer have driven alternative treatment approaches. Recent findings have demonstrated the potential of bacteria and it's components to serve as robust theranostic agents for cancer eradication. Compared to traditional cancer therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bacteria mediated tumor therapy has exhibited superior cancer suppressing property which is attributed a lot to it's tumor proliferating and accumulating characteristics. Genetically modified bacteria has reduced inherent toxicity and enhanced specificity towards tumor microenvironment. This anti- tumor activity of bacteria is attributed to its toxins and other active components from the cell membrane, cell wall and spores. Furthermore, bacterial genes can be regulated to express and deliver cytokines, antibodies and cancer therapeutics. Although there is less clinical data available, the pre- clinical research clearly indicates the feasibility and potential of bacteria- mediated cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Himani Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Himanshu Gogoi
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, National Capital Region (NCR) Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
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Nazir MS, Murphy T, Poku N, Wheen P, Nowbar AN, Andres MS, Ramalingam S, Rosen SD, Nicol E, Lyon AR. Clinical Utility and Prognostic Value of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography in Patients With Cancer. Am J Cardiol 2023; 207:448-454. [PMID: 37797552 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.08.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the role of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) in cardio-oncology. However, there is a paucity of real-world experience and outcome data for patients with cancer. This study sought to determine the clinical utility and prognostic value of coronary CTA in patients with cancer. In this prospective, single-center study, we recruited patients with cancer who underwent coronary CTA. Coronary artery disease (CAD) extent was classified as normal, nonobstructive (1% to 49% stenosis), and potentially obstructive (≥50% stenosis). Patients were followed up for a median of 9 months (interquartile range 3 to 30 months) for cancer-related deaths and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) defined as nonfatal myocardial infarction, urgent unplanned revascularization, or cardiovascular death. The mean age of patients (n = 113) was 61 ± 12 years, and 68 were female (60%). The most common underlying cancers were breast (29%) and lymphoma (13%). A total of 25 patients had potentially obstructive CAD, most commonly of the left anterior descending artery. After coronary CTA, 88% statin-naive patients with potentially obstructive CAD were initiated on statin therapy. A total of 28/32 patients who were taking fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil or capecitabine) continued therapy, of whom none had MACEs. Overall, there were no episodes of MACEs in this cohort and 11% had cancer-related deaths. Coronary CTA has an important role in the clinical decision-making in patients with cancer to detect CAD, initiate primary preventative therapy, and guide coronary revascularization. No MACEs occurred. Using this coronary CTA-guided approach, preventative therapy was initiated, and most patients continued prognostically important cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhummad Sohaib Nazir
- Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Theodore Murphy
- Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nana Poku
- Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Wheen
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Nicole Nowbar
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Sol Andres
- Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sivatharshini Ramalingam
- Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart D Rosen
- Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Nicol
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Babu B, Stoltz SA, Mittal A, Pawar S, Kolanthai E, Coathup M, Seal S. Inorganic Nanoparticles as Radiosensitizers for Cancer Treatment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2873. [PMID: 37947718 PMCID: PMC10647410 DOI: 10.3390/nano13212873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has expanded what can be achieved in our approach to cancer treatment. The ability to produce and engineer functional nanoparticle formulations to elicit higher incidences of tumor cell radiolysis has resulted in substantial improvements in cancer cell eradication while also permitting multi-modal biomedical functionalities. These radiosensitive nanomaterials utilize material characteristics, such as radio-blocking/absorbing high-Z atomic number elements, to mediate localized effects from therapeutic irradiation. These materials thereby allow subsequent scattered or emitted radiation to produce direct (e.g., damage to genetic materials) or indirect (e.g., protein oxidation, reactive oxygen species formation) damage to tumor cells. Using nanomaterials that activate under certain physiologic conditions, such as the tumor microenvironment, can selectively target tumor cells. These characteristics, combined with biological interactions that can target the tumor environment, allow for localized radio-sensitization while mitigating damage to healthy cells. This review explores the various nanomaterial formulations utilized in cancer radiosensitivity research. Emphasis on inorganic nanomaterials showcases the specific material characteristics that enable higher incidences of radiation while ensuring localized cancer targeting based on tumor microenvironment activation. The aim of this review is to guide future research in cancer radiosensitization using nanomaterial formulations and to detail common approaches to its treatment, as well as their relations to commonly implemented radiotherapy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaashwin Babu
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.B.); (S.A.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (E.K.)
| | - Samantha Archer Stoltz
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.B.); (S.A.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (E.K.)
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Agastya Mittal
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.B.); (S.A.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (E.K.)
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Shreya Pawar
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.B.); (S.A.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (E.K.)
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Elayaraja Kolanthai
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.B.); (S.A.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (E.K.)
| | - Melanie Coathup
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA;
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Sudipta Seal
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.B.); (S.A.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (E.K.)
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Barreira MA, Campelo MWS, Rebouças CDSM, Campelo APBS, de Vasconcelos PRL. The role of TNF-α and NFkβ in an experimental model of intestinal carcinogenesis with 1,2-dimethyhydrazine. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e383623. [PMID: 37729351 PMCID: PMC10508195 DOI: 10.1590/acb383623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the potential of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and factor nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) as colorectal cancer (CRC) biomarkers in an experimental model of intestinal carcinogenesis with 1,2-dimethyhydrazine (1,2-DMH). METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: sham and 1,2-DMH. First, 1,2-DMH (20 mg/kg/week) was administered for 15 consecutive weeks. In the 25th week, proctocolectomy was conducted. Histopathological analysis, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression of TNF-α and NF-κB were performed. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism. The location of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis' test. For analyses with two groups with parametric data, the t-test was used; for non-parametric data, the Mann-Whitney's test was used. P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The number of ACF and macroscopic lesions was significantly higher (p < 0.5) in the 1,2-DMH group compared to the sham group, and most ACF were concentrated in the distal segment of the colon. There was a statistically significant increase (p < 0.5) in protein and gene expression of TNF-α and NF-κB in the 1,2-DMH group compared to the sham group. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide supportive evidence that TNF-α and NF-κB pathways are strongly involved in CRC development in rats and might be used as early biomarkers of CRC pathogenesis in experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Alencar Barreira
- Universidade Federal do Ceará – Walter Cantídio University Hospital – Fortaleza (Ceará) – Brazil
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Thyagaturu H, Alyami B, Roma N, Gonuguntla K, Bondi G, Patel B. Trends of antihypertensive use among patients with cancer and hypertension in the United States 2002-2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY. CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND PREVENTION 2023; 18:200196. [PMID: 37502094 PMCID: PMC10368817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypertension (HTN) is the most frequently reported comorbidity in patients with malignancy. This study was conducted to assess the trend of different antihypertensive (AHT) medications used in cancer patients. Methods We used the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) database from 2002 to 2019 to identify adult (age >18 years) cancer patients with HTN using appropriate International Classification of Disease (ICD)-9 and ICD-10 codes. Benign and uncertain neoplasms were excluded. P-trend values were calculated using weighted logistic regression with "year" as the predictor variable. Results We identified ∼46 million adult hypertensive cancer patients with an increasing trend from 2002 to 2019 (3.3 m-6.7 m). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) use in hypertensive cancer patients increased steadily, while diuretics and combined drugs decreased. Calcium channel blocker (CCB) use increased since 2014-15. In cancer patients with heart failure (HF), beta-blocker (BB) use increased; however, diuretic use peaked in 2014-15 and declined. The use of ACEi/ARB in cancer patients with Diabetes (DM) has increased, whereas BB, CCB, and diuretic use remained stable. Hypertensive cancer patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) had increased ACEI/ARB use. Combination AHT use has decreased broadly. Conclusion The ACEI/ARB and CCB use trends increased over the past two decades, whereas diuretics have declined. In cancer patients with DM or ASCVD, the use of ACEI/ARB is trending up. BB use showed an increasing trend in patients with HF. Combined AHT and diuretics use decreased. Total expenditure and out-of-pocket expenditure have a decreasing trend for all AHT medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshith Thyagaturu
- Department of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Bandar Alyami
- Department of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nicholas Roma
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Karthik Gonuguntla
- Department of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Gayatri Bondi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA
| | - Brijesh Patel
- Department of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Awad B, Hamza AA, Al-Maktoum A, Al-Salam S, Amin A. Combining Crocin and Sorafenib Improves Their Tumor-Inhibiting Effects in a Rat Model of Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Cirrhotic-Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4063. [PMID: 37627094 PMCID: PMC10452334 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with continuously increasing cases and fatalities. Diagnosis often occurs in the advanced stages, confining patients to systemic therapies such as sorafenib. Sorafenib (SB), a multi-kinase inhibitor, has not yet demonstrated sufficient efficacy against advanced HCC. There is a strong argument in favor of studying its use in combination with other medications to optimize the therapeutic results. According to our earlier work, crocin (CR), a key bioactive component of saffron, hinders HCC development and liver cancer stemness. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic use of CR or its combination with SB in a cirrhotic rat model of HCC and evaluated how effectively SB and CR inhibited tumor growth in this model. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was administered intraperitoneally to rats once a week for 15 weeks, leading to cirrhosis, and then 19 weeks later, leading to multifocal HCC. After 16 weeks of cancer induction, CR (200 mg/kg daily) and SB (10 mg/kg daily) were given orally to rats for three weeks, either separately or in combination. Consistently, the combination treatment considerably decreased the incidence of dyschromatic nodules, nodule multiplicity, and dysplastic nodules when compared to the HCC group of single therapies. Combined therapy also caused the highest degree of apoptosis, along with decreased proliferating and β-catenin levels in the tumor tissues. Additionally, when rats received combined therapy with CR, it showed anti-inflammatory characteristics where nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) were considerably and additively lowered. As a result, CR potentiates the suppressive effects of SB on tumor growth and provides the opportunity to strengthen the therapeutic effects of SB in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Awad
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (B.A.); (A.A.-M.)
| | - Alaaeldin Ahmed Hamza
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza 12611, Egypt;
- National Committee for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Medical Research Council, Academy of Scientific Research, Cairo 11334, Egypt
| | - Amna Al-Maktoum
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (B.A.); (A.A.-M.)
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Amr Amin
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (B.A.); (A.A.-M.)
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Bhargav AG, Domino JS, Alvarado AM, Tuchek CA, Akhavan D, Camarata PJ. Advances in computational and translational approaches for malignant glioma. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1219291. [PMID: 37405133 PMCID: PMC10315500 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1219291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults and carry a dismal prognosis for patients. Current standard-of-care for gliomas is comprised of maximal safe surgical resection following by a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy depending on the grade and type of tumor. Despite decades of research efforts directed towards identifying effective therapies, curative treatments have been largely elusive in the majority of cases. The development and refinement of novel methodologies over recent years that integrate computational techniques with translational paradigms have begun to shed light on features of glioma, previously difficult to study. These methodologies have enabled a number of point-of-care approaches that can provide real-time, patient-specific and tumor-specific diagnostics that may guide the selection and development of therapies including decision-making surrounding surgical resection. Novel methodologies have also demonstrated utility in characterizing glioma-brain network dynamics and in turn early investigations into glioma plasticity and influence on surgical planning at a systems level. Similarly, application of such techniques in the laboratory setting have enhanced the ability to accurately model glioma disease processes and interrogate mechanisms of resistance to therapy. In this review, we highlight representative trends in the integration of computational methodologies including artificial intelligence and modeling with translational approaches in the study and treatment of malignant gliomas both at the point-of-care and outside the operative theater in silico as well as in the laboratory setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adip G. Bhargav
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Joseph S. Domino
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Anthony M. Alvarado
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Chad A. Tuchek
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - David Akhavan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Paul J. Camarata
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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14
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Cacic D, Hervig T, Reikvam H. Platelets for advanced drug delivery in cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:673-688. [PMID: 37212640 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2217378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer-related drug expenses are rising with the increasing cancer incidence and cost may represent a severe challenge for drug access for patients with cancer. Consequently, strategies for increasing therapeutic efficacy of already available drugs may be essential for the future health-care system. AREAS COVERED In this review, we have investigated the potential for the use of platelets as drug-delivery systems. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to identify relevant papers written in English and published up to January 2023. Papers were included at the authors' discretion to reflect an overview of state of the art. EXPERT OPINION It is known that cancer cells interact with platelets to gain functional advantages including immune evasion and metastasis development. This platelet-cancer interaction has been the inspiration for numerous platelet-based drug delivery systems using either drug-loaded or drug-bound platelets, or platelet membrane-containing hybrid vesicles combining platelet membranes with synthetic nanocarriers. Compared to treatment with free drug or synthetic drug vectors, these strategies may improve pharmacokinetics and selective cancer cell targeting. There are multiple studies showing improved therapeutic efficacy using animal models, however, no platelet-based drug delivery systems have been tested in humans, meaning the clinical relevance of this technology remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cacic
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor Hervig
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Aliyi S, Dese K, Raj H. Detection of Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders Using Deep Learning Methods from Colonoscopy Images and Videos. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2023.e01628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
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Multi-Target Potential of Berberine as an Antineoplastic and Antimetastatic Agent: A Special Focus on Lung Cancer Treatment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213433. [PMID: 36359829 PMCID: PMC9655513 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite therapeutic advancements, lung cancer remains the principal cause of cancer mortality in a global scenario. The increased incidence of tumor reoccurrence and progression and the highly metastatic nature of lung cancer are of great concern and hence require the investigation of novel therapies and/or medications. Naturally occurring compounds from plants serve as important resources for novel drugs for cancer therapy. Amongst these phytochemicals, Berberine, an alkaloid, has been extensively explored as a potential natural anticancer therapeutic agent. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of Berberine in inhibiting cancer growth and progression mediated via several different mechanisms, which include cell cycle arrest, inducing cell death by apoptosis and autophagy, inhibiting cell proliferation and invasion, as well as regulating the expression of microRNA, telomerase activity, and the tumor microenvironment, which usually varies for different cancer types. In this review, we aim to provide a better understanding of molecular insights of Berberine and its various derivative-induced antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects against lung cancer. In conclusion, the Berberine imparts its anticancer efficacy against lung cancers via modulation of several signaling pathways involved in cancer cell viability and proliferation, as well as migration, invasion, and metastasis.
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Sevastre AS, Manea EV, Popescu OS, Tache DE, Danoiu S, Sfredel V, Tataranu LG, Dricu A. Intracellular Pathways and Mechanisms of Colored Secondary Metabolites in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179943. [PMID: 36077338 PMCID: PMC9456420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great advancements made in cancer treatment, there are still many unsatisfied aspects, such as the wide palette of side effects and the drug resistance. There is an obvious increasing scientific attention towards nature and what it can offer the human race. Natural products can be used to treat many diseases, of which some plant products are currently used to treat cancer. Plants produce secondary metabolites for their signaling mechanisms and natural defense. A variety of plant-derived products have shown promising anticancer properties in vitro and in vivo. Rather than recreating the natural production environment, ongoing studies are currently setting various strategies to significantly manipulate the quantity of anticancer molecules in plants. This review focuses on the recently studied secondary metabolite agents that have shown promising anticancer activity, outlining their potential mechanisms of action and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani-Simona Sevastre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Str. Petru Rares nr. 2-4, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Elena Victoria Manea
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Str. Petru Rares nr. 2-4, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Oana Stefana Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Str. Petru Rares nr. 2-4, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Elise Tache
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Str. Petru Rares nr. 2-4, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Suzana Danoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Str. Petru Rares nr. 2-4, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Veronica Sfredel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Str. Petru Rares nr. 2-4, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ligia Gabriela Tataranu
- Neurosurgical Department, Clinical Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-21-334-30-25
| | - Anica Dricu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Str. Petru Rares nr. 2-4, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Tripathi S, Vivas-Buitrago T, Domingo RA, Biase GD, Brown D, Akinduro OO, Ramos-Fresnedo A, Sherman W, Gupta V, Middlebrooks EH, Sabsevitz DS, Porter AB, Uhm JH, Bendok BR, Parney I, Meyer FB, Chaichana KL, Swanson KR, Quiñones-Hinojosa A. IDH-wild-type glioblastoma cell density and infiltration distribution influence on supramarginal resection and its impact on overall survival: a mathematical model. J Neurosurg 2022; 136:1567-1575. [PMID: 34715662 PMCID: PMC9248269 DOI: 10.3171/2021.6.jns21925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have proposed resection of the T2 FLAIR hyperintensity beyond the T1 contrast enhancement (supramarginal resection [SMR]) for IDH-wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) to further improve patients' overall survival (OS). GBMs have significant variability in tumor cell density, distribution, and infiltration. Advanced mathematical models based on patient-specific radiographic features have provided new insights into GBM growth kinetics on two important parameters of tumor aggressiveness: proliferation rate (ρ) and diffusion rate (D). The aim of this study was to investigate OS of patients with IDH-wild-type GBM who underwent SMR based on a mathematical model of cell distribution and infiltration profile (tumor invasiveness profile). METHODS Volumetric measurements were obtained from the selected regions of interest from pre- and postoperative MRI studies of included patients. The tumor invasiveness profile (proliferation/diffusion [ρ/D] ratio) was calculated using the following formula: ρ/D ratio = (4π/3)2/3 × (6.106/[VT21/1 - VT11/1])2, where VT2 and VT1 are the preoperative FLAIR and contrast-enhancing volumes, respectively. Patients were split into subgroups based on their tumor invasiveness profiles. In this analysis, tumors were classified as nodular, moderately diffuse, or highly diffuse. RESULTS A total of 101 patients were included. Tumors were classified as nodular (n = 34), moderately diffuse (n = 34), and highly diffuse (n = 33). On multivariate analysis, increasing SMR had a significant positive correlation with OS for moderately and highly diffuse tumors (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99; p = 0.02; and HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-0.99; p = 0.04, respectively). On threshold analysis, OS benefit was seen with SMR from 10% to 29%, 10% to 59%, and 30% to 90%, for nodular, moderately diffuse, and highly diffuse, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The impact of SMR on OS for patients with IDH-wild-type GBM is influenced by the degree of tumor invasiveness. The authors' results show that increasing SMR is associated with increased OS in patients with moderate and highly diffuse IDH-wild-type GBMs. When grouping SMR into 10% intervals, this benefit was seen for all tumor subgroups, although for nodular tumors, the maximum beneficial SMR percentage was considerably lower than in moderate and highly diffuse tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashwat Tripathi
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
- 10Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Tito Vivas-Buitrago
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
- 11Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Santander UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | | | - Desmond Brown
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Wendy Sherman
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
- 7Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville
| | - Vivek Gupta
- 8Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville
| | - Erik H Middlebrooks
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
- 8Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville
| | - David S Sabsevitz
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
- 9Department of Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Alyx B Porter
- 5Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Joon H Uhm
- 6Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Ian Parney
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Fredric B Meyer
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Kristin R Swanson
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix
- 4Mathematical Neuro-Oncology Lab, Precision Neurotherapeutics Innovation Program, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix
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Bhargav AG, Domino JS, Chamoun R, Thomas SM. Mechanical Properties in the Glioma Microenvironment: Emerging Insights and Theranostic Opportunities. Front Oncol 2022; 11:805628. [PMID: 35127517 PMCID: PMC8813748 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.805628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas represent the most common malignant primary brain tumors, and a high-grade subset of these tumors including glioblastoma are particularly refractory to current standard-of-care therapies including maximal surgical resection and chemoradiation. The prognosis of patients with these tumors continues to be poor with existing treatments and understanding treatment failure is required. The dynamic interplay between the tumor and its microenvironment has been increasingly recognized as a key mechanism by which cellular adaptation, tumor heterogeneity, and treatment resistance develops. Beyond ongoing lines of investigation into the peritumoral cellular milieu and microenvironmental architecture, recent studies have identified the growing role of mechanical properties of the microenvironment. Elucidating the impact of these biophysical factors on disease heterogeneity is crucial for designing durable therapies and may offer novel approaches for intervention and disease monitoring. Specifically, pharmacologic targeting of mechanical signal transduction substrates such as specific ion channels that have been implicated in glioma progression or the development of agents that alter the mechanical properties of the microenvironment to halt disease progression have the potential to be promising treatment strategies based on early studies. Similarly, the development of technology to measure mechanical properties of the microenvironment in vitro and in vivo and simulate these properties in bioengineered models may facilitate the use of mechanical properties as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers that can guide treatment. Here, we review current perspectives on the influence of mechanical properties in glioma with a focus on biophysical features of tumor-adjacent tissue, the role of fluid mechanics, and mechanisms of mechanical signal transduction. We highlight the implications of recent discoveries for novel diagnostics, therapeutic targets, and accurate preclinical modeling of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adip G. Bhargav
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Joseph S. Domino
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Roukoz Chamoun
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Sufi M. Thomas
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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