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Ding S, Zhao P, Song S, Yang Y, Peng C, Chang X, Liu C. A novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tool to evaluate plasma soluble CD226 in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Anal Biochem 2024; 692:115573. [PMID: 38768695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
CD226 is an important receptor constitutively expressed on most immune cells, performing vital functions in immune responses. However, the levels of soluble CD226 (sCD226) and its roles in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) remain unclear. In this study, we developed two novel mouse anti-human CD226 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and established a novel sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system, which proved to be highly effective in detecting human sCD226. We then analyzed the expression of sCD226 in the plasma of pSS patients. Our results showed that the levels of sCD226 were significantly lower in patients with pSS compared to healthy controls. The significant decline was also observed in active group and the patients with high levels of IgG or positive anti-SSB. Additionally, reduced sCD226 was found to be negatively correlated with the disease activity of pSS and several clinical manifestations, including arthralgia, fatigue, decayed tooth and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Furthermore, receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis showed that sCD226 displayed outstanding capacity in discriminating pSS and predicting the disease activity. Altogether, plasma sCD226 emerges as a promising candidate for diagnostic markers in the context of pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Ding
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Saizhe Song
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yanhong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Cuiping Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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Pasoto SG, Franco AS, Silva CA, Bonfa E. Sicca syndrome/Sjögren's disease associated with cancer immunotherapy: a narrative review on clinical presentation, biomarkers and management. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024. [PMID: 38903050 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2370327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Almost one-quarter of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) recipients experience sicca syndrome, while Sjögren's disease (SjD) is estimated at 0.3-2.5%, possibly underreported. AREAS COVERED This narrative review (Medline/Embase until January/31/2024) addresses the pathophysiology, incidence, demographic/clinical features, biomarkers, labial salivary gland biopsy (LSGB), fulfillment of the idiopathic SjD (iSjD) classificatory criteria, differential diagnosis and management of sicca syndrome/SjD associated with ICIs. EXPERT OPINION SjD associated with ICIs is underdiagnosed, since studies that performed the mandatory SjD investigation identified that 40-60% of patients with sicca syndrome associated with ICIs meet the iSjD classificatory criteria. LSGB played a fundamental role in recognizing these cases, as most of them had negative anti-Ro/SS-A antibody. Despite the finding of focal lymphocytic sialoadenitis in LSGB samples mimicking iSjD, immunohistochemical analysis provided novel evidence of a distinct pattern for sicca syndrome/SjD associated with ICIs compared to iSjD. The former has scarcity of B lymphocytes, which are a hallmark of iSjD. Additionally, patients with sicca syndrome/SjD associated with ICIs have demographical/clinical/serological and treatment response dissimilarities compared to iSjD. Dryness symptoms are more acute in the former than in iSjD, with predominance of xerostomia over xerophthalmia, and partial/complete response to glucocorticoids. Dryness symptoms in ICI-treated patients warrant prompt SjD investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gofinet Pasoto
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - André Silva Franco
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Clovis Artur Silva
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Eloisa Bonfa
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Yang M, Wang S, Zhang J, Yan B. Primary Sjogren syndrome - A bibliometric analysis via CiteSpace. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38162. [PMID: 38875384 PMCID: PMC11175928 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study employs CiteSpace software to analyze the research status, hotspots, and trends of primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS). Relevant publications from 1999 to 2023 were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) set, followed by generating a network map using CiteSpace software to identify top authors, institutions, countries, keywords, journals, references, and research trends. A total of 3564 valid articles were included in this study. The People Republic of China had the highest number of articles (n = 524), while the University of Bergen emerged as the institution with the highest publication count (n = 94). Mariette X was identified as the author with the most publications (n = 67), whereas Vitali C received recognition as the most cited author (n = 1706). Annals of Rheumatic Diseases stood out as the journal with the highest citation count (n = 2530). Notably, an article published in the Annals of Rheumatic Diseases in 2017 garnered significant attention by being cited a remarkable 304 times. The bibliometric analysis reveals that key areas of research in pSS encompass investigating pathogenesis; advancing and applying targeted biological agents; and establishing treatment and diagnostic standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Yang
- School of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Shangzhi Wang
- School of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Bin Yan
- School of Traditional of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
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Huo Y, Huang X, Lin L, Yang S, Qin Z, Yirui Z, Mou Y, Jin X. The effect of intense pulsed light combined with topical 0.05% cyclosporin an eyedrops in the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome related dry eye. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38785065 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2358157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy plus topical 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) eye drops to treat Sjögren's Syndrome-related dry eyes (SS-DE). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this prospective, randomized trial included, 60 individuals with SS-DE symptoms were randomized to receive topical eye drops containing either 0.1% sodium hyaluronate (Group S) or 0.05% CsA (Group C) plus IPL therapy. Before the first treatment (baseline), and at 12, 16, and 20 weeks after treatment commencement, we assessed the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, the Schirmer I test (SIT), noninvasive tear breakup time (NBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), meibomian gland (MG) dropout, lid margin abnormality, MG expressibility, and meibum quality. RESULTS Both groups showed significant improvements in the OSDI, NBUT, CFS, MG expressibility, and meibum quality (all p < 0.05). Group C showed a greater increase in OSDI, NBUT, MG expressibility, and meibum quality (all p < 0.05). Moreover, SIT and lid margin abnormalities significantly improved in Group C (both p < 0.05), but not in Group S. CONCLUSION Treatment with 0.05% CsA eyedrops plus IPL therapy could significantly reduce the issues and physical discomfort of patients with SS-DE. CLINICAL TRIAL Registered on 20 July 2021, with the registration number ChiCTR2100049059.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Huo
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenwei Qin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhu Yirui
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujie Mou
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuming Jin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yang W. Comprehensive analysis of the clinical manifestations and hematological parameters associated with secondary immune thrombocytopenia in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37909. [PMID: 38728456 PMCID: PMC11081593 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren Syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects exocrine glands and can lead to various extraglandular manifestations, including secondary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Understanding the clinical and hematological differences in pSS patients with and without secondary ITP is crucial for improved patient management and treatment strategies. This retrospective study, conducted from January 2020 to December 2023, involved a cohort of pSS patients, dividing them into 2 groups: those with secondary ITP and those without. Patients were evaluated using the European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), EULAR Sjögren Syndrome Patient-Reported Index (ESSPRI), Health Assessment Questionnaire, and other hematological parameters. Inclusion criteria were based on the American-European Consensus Group or ACR/EULAR classification criteria for pSS. Exclusion criteria included other autoimmune or hematological disorders, prior splenectomy, recent blood transfusions, and lack of informed consent. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with various tests applied to analyze the data, including logistic regression to identify risk factors for secondary ITP. Significant differences were noted in fatigue, lymphadenopathy, arthritis, mean age, and ESSDAI scores between the secondary ITP and non-secondary ITP groups. Patients with secondary ITP exhibited higher platelet counts, more prevalent lymphopenia, higher immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels, lower complement 3 levels, and reduced white blood cell and hemoglobin levels. Logistic regression analysis identified lymphadenopathy as a risk factor and arthritis as a protective factor for the development of secondary ITP. The study reveals distinct clinical and hematological characteristics in pSS patients with secondary ITP, suggesting a higher disease activity in this subset. These findings underscore the need for further exploration of these associations to develop more precise treatment approaches for pSS, focusing on preventing secondary ITP and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yang
- Department of Medical Nursing, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
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Sun Z, Deng L, Xu Z, Yang K, Yu P. Uncovering the molecular mechanism of Mume Fructus in treatment of Sjögren's syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38085. [PMID: 38728503 PMCID: PMC11081559 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern medicine has no cure for the xerostomia caused by the early onset of Sjögren's syndrome. Mume Fructus is a common Chinese herbal medicine used to relieve xerostomia. However, the molecular mechanisms of the effects of Mume Fructus are unknown. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to investigate the mechanisms of action of Mume Fructus on Sjögren's syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHOD The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database was used to identify the active components and targets of Mume Fructus, and the UniProt database was used to identify the genes encoding these targets. SS-related targets were also identified from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. By finding the intersection of the targets of the compounds and the targets of Sjögren's syndrome, the predicted targets of Mume Fructus in the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome were obtained. Further investigation of the active compounds and their targets was carried out by constructing a network of "medicine-candidate compound-target-disease" using Cytoscape 3.7.2, the Protein-Protein Interaction network using the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.2, and key targets were identified by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis on R software. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the affinity of the candidate compounds to the key targets. RESULTS Quercetin, beta-sitosterol, and kaempferol in Mume Fructus interact with AKT1, IL-6, IL-1B, JUN, CASP3, and MAPK8. These results suggest that Mume Fructus exerts its therapeutic effects on the peripheral gland injury of Sjögren's syndrome and its secondary cardiovascular disease and tumorigenesis through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor pathways. CONCLUSION With network pharmacology, this study systematically identified the main active components, targets, and specific mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of Mume Fructus on Sjögren's syndrome, providing both a theoretical basis and research direction for further investigations on Mume Fructus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli Sun
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lilin Deng
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhoujie Xu
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Kun Yang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Penglong Yu
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Mazarro Serrano E, Díaz-Delgado Menéndez B, Rasero Ponferrada M, Ichaso Ortueta Olartecoechea A, de Inocencio Arocena J. Primary Sjögren syndrome: Only diagnose what is known. An Pediatr (Barc) 2024; 100:289-291. [PMID: 38609802 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jaime de Inocencio Arocena
- Unidad de Reumatología Infantil, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Salud Pública y Materno-Infantil, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Chivasso C, Parisis D, Cabrol X, Datlibagi A, Delforge V, Gregoire F, Bolaky N, Soyfoo MS, Perret J, Delporte C. Involvement of CCL2 in Salivary Gland Response to Hyperosmolar Stress Related to Sjögren's Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:915. [PMID: 38255988 PMCID: PMC10815633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients, salivary gland (SG) epithelial cells (SGECs) could be exposed to chronic hyperosmotic stress (HOS), consecutive to their destruction and deregulation, that exacerbates an inflammatory response. The aims of this study were to assess the mechanism accounting for C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression in an immortalized human salivary gland epithelial acinar cell line (NS-SV-AC) subjected to HOS, as well as the involvement of CCL2 in pSS. CCL2 mRNA and protein levels were determined via RT-qPCR and ELISA. Reporter plasmids and a promoter pull-down assay were used to identify transcription factors associated with CCL2 mRNA increase. Our data showed that HOS-induced CCL2 mRNA increase was independent of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkB) but involved Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5). CCL2 protein levels, quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera samples from pSS patients, correlated with the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology's Sjogren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) score for systemic activity. In addition, CCL2 protein levels were higher in patients with biological activity, cutaneous manifestations, and ESSDAI score superior or equal to five. Our data suggest that chronic HOS could exacerbate pSS disease by contributing to the inflammatory process induced by the expression and secretion of CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Chivasso
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Dorian Parisis
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Xavier Cabrol
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Azine Datlibagi
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Valérie Delforge
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Françoise Gregoire
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Nargis Bolaky
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Muhammad Shahnawaz Soyfoo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Jason Perret
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
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Niazi SK. Anti-Idiotypic mRNA Vaccine to Treat Autoimmune Disorders. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:9. [PMID: 38276668 PMCID: PMC10819008 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The 80+ existing autoimmune disorders (ADs) affect billions with little prevention or treatment options, except for temporary symptomatic management, leading to enormous human suffering and a monumental financial burden. The autoantibodies formed in most ADs have been identified, allowing the development of novel anti-idiotypic antibodies to mute the autoantibodies using vaccines. Nucleoside vaccines have been successfully tested as antigen-specific immunotherapies (ASI), with mRNA technology offering multi-epitope targeting to mute multiple autoantibodies. This paper proposes using mRNA technology to produce anti-idiotypic antibodies with broad effectiveness in preventing and treating them. This paper delves into the state-of-the-art mRNA design strategies used to develop novel ASIs by selecting appropriate T cell and B cell epitopes to generate anti-idiotypic antibodies. The low cost and fast development of mRNA vaccines make this technology the most affordable for the global control of ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfaraz K Niazi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60012, USA
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