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Ni J, Ji J, Li YY, Kubota K. Propidium monoazide - polymerase chain reaction reveals viable microbial community shifts in anaerobic membrane bioreactors treating domestic sewage at low temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129564. [PMID: 37506934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treated domestic sewage at 15 °C under different hydraulic retention time (HRT) conditions (6, 12, 16, and 24 h). Propidium monoazide (PMA)-PCR excluded microorganisms without intact cell membranes, focusing on the viable microbial community in anaerobic digestion. The results showed that the 6-hour HRT had poor treatment performance: low chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency (below 80%) and high mean trans-membrane pressure and flux (15 kPa and 9.4 L/(m2 h)). Comparatively, PMA-PCR combined with next-generation sequencing improved the identification of microbial changes compared to conventional 16S rRNA gene sequencing. HRT influenced microorganisms in the hydrolysis and acid-production stages, including carbohydrate-degrading bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Prevotella 1. Remarkably, a comparison with an AnMBR at 25 °C showed Proteobacteria to be the main cause of membrane fouling in the low-temperature AnMBR, with most operational taxonomic units negatively correlated with HRT and solids retention time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Jiayuan Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan; Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan.
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2
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Yao Y, Wang Y, Liu Q, Li Y, Yan J. Mechanism of HMBR in Reducing Membrane Fouling under Different SRT: Effect of Sludge Load on Microbial Properties. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1242. [PMID: 36557149 PMCID: PMC9788495 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are the main causative agents of membrane fouling, and the use of a hybrid membrane bioreactor (HMBR) can mitigate this by reducing the EPS content. Four bench scale sets of HMBRs were used simultaneously to treat domestic wastewater. The effect of sludge retention times (SRT) on membrane fouling in HMBRs and the underlying mechanism were investigated by comparing and analyzing the changes in sludge load, microbial characteristics, EPS distribution characteristics, and transmembrane pressure under different SRTs. Results revealed that, among the four SRTs (10 d, 20 d, 30 d, and 60 d), the best removal rates of chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen were observed for an SRT of 30 d, with average removal rates of 95.0% and 57.1%, respectively. The best results for ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus removal were observed at an SRT of 20 d, with average removal rates of 84.3% and 99.5%, respectively. SRT can affect sludge load by altering the biomass, which significantly impacts the microbial communities. The highest microbial diversity was observed at an SRT of 30 d (with a BOD sludge load of 0.0310 kg/kg∙d), with Sphingobacteriales exhibiting the highest relative abundance at 19.6%. At this SRT setting, the microorganisms produced the least amount of soluble EPS and loosely bond EPS by metabolism, 3.41 mg/g and 4.52 mg/g, respectively. Owing to the reduced EPS content, membrane fouling was effectively controlled and the membrane module working cycle was effectively enhanced up to 99 d, the longest duration among the four SRTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yao
- Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China, No. 5 Houyingfang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Yanju Wang
- Xuzhou Dazhong Water Operation Co., Ltd., No. 128 Heping Road, Yunlong District, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, No. 2 Lishui Road, Yunlong District, Xuzhou 221111, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, No. 2 Lishui Road, Yunlong District, Xuzhou 221111, China
| | - Junwei Yan
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, No. 2 Lishui Road, Yunlong District, Xuzhou 221111, China
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Wan P, Yang X, Feng Q, Shi S, Deng B, Zhang L. Biodegradable Chitosan-Based Membranes for Highly Effective Separation of Emulsified Oil/Water. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE 2022; 39:907-917. [PMID: 36636559 PMCID: PMC9807252 DOI: 10.1089/ees.2022.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Efficient separation of oil droplets from oil/water emulsions is necessary for many energy and food industrial processes and for industrial wastewater treatment. Membrane microfiltration has been explored to address this issue because it is simple to operate and low in cost. However, filtration of oil droplets with a size around or less than 1 μm is still a major challenge. Furthermore, the fabrication process for polymeric membranes often uses hazardous organic solvents and petroleum-derived and nonbiodegradable raw materials, which pose additional environmental health and safety risk. In this study, we examined the use of chitosan-based membranes to efficiently remove oil droplets with an average diameter of ∼1 μm. The membranes were fabricated based on the rapid dissolution of chitosan in an alkaline/urea solvent system at a low temperature, thus avoiding the use of any toxic organic solvent. The chitosan membranes were further modified by dopamine and tannic acid (TA). The as-prepared membrane was characterized in terms of surface morphology, pore size distribution, and mechanical strength. The membrane performance was evaluated on a custom-designed crossflow filtration system. The results showed that the modified chitosan membrane with dopamine and TA had a water flux of 230.9 LMH at 1bar transmembrane pressure and oil droplet rejection of 99%. This water flux represented an increase of more than 10 times when compared with the original chitosan membrane without modification. The study also demonstrated excellent antifouling properties of the modified membrane that could achieve near 100% water flux recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wan
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Water Affairs, Big Data and Water Ecology, Shenzhen Water Planning & Design Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuanning Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qinhua Feng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyu Shi
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baolin Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Miwa T, Takimoto Y, Mizuta Y, Hatamoto M, Watari T, Yamaguchi T. An increase in sludge loading rate induces gel fouling in membrane bioreactors treating real sewage. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136557. [PMID: 36185000 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the cause of gel fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) treating real sewage in terms of soluble microbial products (SMPs) and microbial aspects. Two anoxic/oxic-MBRs were operated as the control reactor (S1) and the sludge loading rate increased reactor (S2). The reactors were operated under low-temperature around 11 °C conditions. Membrane permeability substantially decreased in S2, and gel layer biofilm was formed on membrane surface. In contrast, the permeability of S1 gradually decreased and cake layer formed. When gel fouling occurred, the protein and polysaccharide of SMP in S2 were 47 and 23 mg L-1, which were significantly lower than those recorded in S1 accounted for 118 and 68 mg L-1, respectively. Furthermore, the total organic carbon concentration of SMPs was 24 mg L-1, which was lower than the influent in S2, accounted for 62 mg L-1. Finally, Campylobacteraceae which exists in sewage and uncultured OD1, dominated the gel layer biofilm in S2, unlike the cake layer biofilm in S1. These results indicated that the gel layer biofilm might be composed of influent substances, demonstrating the importance of influent decomposition in MBR for gel fouling mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Miwa
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Yuya Takimoto
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan; Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yuki Mizuta
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Masashi Hatamoto
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Watari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
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Caglak A, Chormey DS, Bakirdere S, Onkal Engin G. Performance evaluation of ceramic membrane bioreactor: effect of operational parameters on micropollutant removal and membrane fouling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:68306-68319. [PMID: 35538336 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20612-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the removal of nine potential endocrine disruptors including pesticides, pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals using a submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) system. Two lab-scale submerged MBRs having ceramic membranes were operated at three different sludge retention times (SRT: 15, 45, 90 days) and two hydraulic retention times (HRT: 12, 6 h) and the effects of SRT and HRT on both micropollutant removal and membrane fouling were investigated. While the effect of SRT and HRT change was observed on the removal of atrazine, fluoxetine, penconazole, no significant change was detected for the other micropollutants studied. It was determined that physicochemical properties such as distribution coefficient (LogD) and hydrophobicity of micropollutants are also effective on the removal efficiency of micropollutants. High removal efficiencies ([Formula: see text] 97.5%) were observed for hydrophobic pollutants (logD > 3.2) except for penconazole (72.1%) and for hydrophilic pollutants (logD < 3.2) except for atrazine (42.5%). Membrane fouling was significantly affected by different operational parameters applied, with the slowest fouling occurring at 45 days of SRT and 12 h of HRT. However, micropollutant addition did not have a significant effect on membrane fouling. It has been shown that the simultaneous and effective treatment performance for micropollutants makes the membrane bioreactor system a promising wastewater treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkadir Caglak
- Environmental Engineering Department, Civil Engineering Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sezgin Bakirdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Guleda Onkal Engin
- Environmental Engineering Department, Civil Engineering Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Liu M, Meng P, Chen G, Guan Y, Liu G. Correlation of structural extracellular polymeric substances in the mesh biofilms with solids retention time and biofilm hydraulic resistance in dynamic membrane bioreactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155000. [PMID: 35381253 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR), which mainly relied on the in-situ formed biofilms on support materials with large aperture (e.g., nylon mesh) to separate fine particles in wastewater, has attracted a lot of attentions due to low cost. The filtration performance of DMBR is mainly determined by the structure and hydraulic resistance of biofilms formed on the mesh. Therefore, understanding the correlation of operation conditions with mesh biofilm compositions and permeability are critically important for optimizing DMBR operation. In present study, how structural extracellular polymeric substances, including alginate-like extracellular polysaccharide (ALE) and amyloid-like protein (AP), in mesh biofilms correlate to solids retention time (SRT) and biofilm structures was explored in DMBRs. At 5d-SRT, compact and gel-like mesh biofilms were formed with a high specific filtration resistance (SFR) of 459 × 109 m/g, while at 40d-SRT porous mesh biofilms were developed with a low SFR of 24 × 109 m/g. Consequently, the 5d-SRT MBR experienced more rapid rise in transmembrane pressure. Further studies found that the 5d-SRT mesh biofilms had a higher AP content, which was positively correlated to biofilm hydraulic resistance. On the contrary, the 40d-SRT mesh biofilms contained a higher content of ALE, suggesting that ALE was negatively correlated to biofilm hydraulic resistance. Therefore, AP instead of ALE likely played a more important role in the formation of compact and gel-like mesh biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Liu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peipei Meng
- School of Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guichang Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Ren LF, Chen K, Zhang X, Xu Y, Chen L, Shao J, He Y. Effect of aniline and antimony on anaerobic-anoxic-oxic system with novel amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile adsorbent for wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:127082. [PMID: 35358677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing concern over the mixed discharge of municipal-textile composite wastewater, which remains challenging for typical wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process (AAO). Highly-toxic aniline and antimony, typical co-contaminants in textile wastewater, usually lead to increased chemical oxygen demand (COD) in influent and deteriorated effluent quality. Amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile (amPAN) adsorbent was prepared and added to adsorb antimony and facilitate substrate removal. With amPAN dosage at 6.0 g L-1 in oxic bioreactor, 64.2 ± 5.6% of antimony was removed from influent. Extracellular polymeric substance release was simultaneously changed with residual antimony concentration. Meanwhile, amPAN promoted the proliferation of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Epsilonbacteraeota serving as microorganism carrier. As a result, removal efficiencies of COD (94.4 ± 0.6%), ammonium (NH4+-N, 92.6 ± 3.3%), total nitrogen (TN, 76.4 ± 6.3%) and total phosphorus (TP, 93.4 ± 2.1%) were enhanced to meet Class 1A discharge standard in China. These results indicate that AAO with amPAN is promising for municipal-textile composite wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fei Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Chongqing Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 598 Liangjiang Road, Chongqing 401135, PR China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yubo Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources, No. 230 Xuchang Road, Shanghai 200082, PR China
| | - Jiahui Shao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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Sengar A, Vijayanandan A. Effects of pharmaceuticals on membrane bioreactor: Review on membrane fouling mechanisms and fouling control strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152132. [PMID: 34863739 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals have become contaminants of emerging concern due to their toxicity towards aquatic life and pseudo persistent nature in the environment. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is one such technology that has the potential to act as a barrier against the release of pharmaceuticals into the environment. Fouling is the deposition of the constituents of the mixed liquor on the membrane surface and it limit the world-wide applicability of MBRs. To remove foulant layer, aggressive chemicals and extra cost consideration in terms of energy are required. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) are recognized as principal foulants. Presence of pharmaceuticals has been found to increase the fouling in MBRs. Fouling aggravates in proportion to the concentration of pharmaceuticals. Pharmaceuticals exert chemical stress in microbes, hence forcing them to secrete more EPS/SMP. Pharmaceuticals alter the composition of the foulants and affect microbial metabolism, thereby inflicting direct/indirect effects on fouling. Pharmaceuticals have been found to increase or decrease the size of sludge flocs, however the exact mechanism that govern the floc size change is yet to be understood. Different techniques such as coupling advanced oxidation processes with MBR, adding activated carbon, bioaugmenting MBR with quorum quenching strains have shown to reduce fouling in MBRs treating pharmaceutical wastewater. These fouling mitigation techniques work on reducing the EPS/SMP concentration, thereby alleviating fouling. The present review provides a comprehensive understanding of the effects induced by pharmaceuticals in the activated sludge characteristics and identifying the fouling mechanism. Furthermore, significant knowledge gaps and recent advances in fouling mitigation strategies are discussed. This review has also made an effort to highlight the positive aspect of the foulant layer in retaining pharmaceuticals and antibiotic resistance genes, thereby suggesting a possible delicate trade-off between the flux decline and enhanced removal of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sengar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Arya Vijayanandan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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9
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Deb A, Gurung K, Rumky J, Sillanpää M, Mänttäri M, Kallioinen M. Dynamics of microbial community and their effects on membrane fouling in an anoxic-oxic gravity-driven membrane bioreactor under varying solid retention time: A pilot-scale study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150878. [PMID: 34627895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) is highly influenced by the characteristics of the influent, the mixed liquor microbial community and the operational parameters, all of which are environment specific. Therefore, we studied the dynamics of microbial community during the treatment of real municipal wastewater in a pilotscale anoxic-oxic (A/O) MBR equipped with a gravity-driven membrane filtration system. The MBR was operated at three different solid retention times (SRTs): 25, 40 and 10 days for a total period of 180 days in Nordic environmental conditions. Analysis of microbial community dynamics revealed a high diversity of microbial species at SRT of 40 days, whereas SRT of 25 days was superior with microbial richness. Production of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was found to be intensely connected with the SRT and food to microorganism (F/M) ratio. Relatively longer operational period with the lowest rate of membrane fouling was observed at SRT of 25 days, which was resulted from the superior microbial community, lowest production of SMP and loosely bound EPS as well as the lower filtration resistance of larger sludge flocs. Abundance of quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria and granular floc forming bacterial genera at SRT of 25 days provided relatively lower membrane fouling tendency and larger floc formation, respectively. On the other hand, substantial amount of various surface colonizing and EPS producing bacteria was found at SRT of 10 days, which promoted more rapid membrane fouling compared with the fouling rate seen at other tested SRTs. To sum up, this research provides a realistic insight into the impact of SRT on microbial community dynamics and resulting characteristics of mixed liquor, floc size distribution and membrane fouling for improved MBR operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Deb
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT University), Sammonkatu 12, 50130 Mikkeli, Finland; Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio 1), 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Khum Gurung
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT University), Sammonkatu 12, 50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Jannatul Rumky
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT University), Sammonkatu 12, 50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa; Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), NO. 2006, Xiyuan Ave., West High-Tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, PR China; Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied Physics, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India
| | - Mika Mänttäri
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT University), Sammonkatu 12, 50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Mari Kallioinen
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT University), Sammonkatu 12, 50130 Mikkeli, Finland
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Eloffy MG, El-Sherif DM, Abouzid M, Elkodous MA, El-nakhas HS, Sadek RF, Ghorab MA, Al-Anazi A, El-Sayyad GS. Proposed approaches for coronaviruses elimination from wastewater: Membrane techniques and nanotechnology solutions. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2021; 11:1-25. [DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Since the beginning of the third Millennium, specifically during the last 18 years, three outbreaks of diseases have been recorded caused by coronaviruses (CoVs). The latest outbreak of these diseases was Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic. For this reason, current efforts of the environmental, epidemiology scientists, engineers, and water sector professionals are ongoing to detect CoV in environmental components, especially water, and assess the relative risk of exposure to these systems and any measures needed to protect the public health, workers, and public, in general. This review presents a brief overview of CoV in water, wastewater, and surface water based on a literature search providing different solutions to keep water protected from CoV. Membrane techniques are very attractive solutions for virus elimination in water. In addition, another essential solution is nanotechnology and its applications in the detection and protection of human and water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Eloffy
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Dina M. El-Sherif
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , 6 Święcickiego Street , 60-781 Poznan , Poland
| | - Mohamed Abd Elkodous
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology , Toyohashi , Aichi 441-8580 , Japan
| | | | - Rawia F. Sadek
- Chemical Maintenance Unit, Experimental Training Research Reactor Number two (ETRR-2), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) , P.O. Box 13759 , Cairo , Egypt
- Drug Radiation Research Department, Drug Microbiology Laboratory, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) , P.O. Box 13759 , Nasr City, Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ghorab
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP), Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) , Washington , DC , USA
- Department of Animal Science, Wildlife Toxicology Laboratory, Institute for Integrative Toxicology (IIT), Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI 48824 , USA
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Anazi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering King Saud University (KSU) , P.O. Box 800 , Riyadh 11421 , Saudi
| | - Gharieb S. El-Sayyad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University , New Galala city , Suez , Egypt
- Drug Radiation Research Department, Drug Microbiology Laboratory, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) , P.O. Box 29 , Nasr City, Cairo , Egypt
- Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College (MTC), Egyptian Armed Forces , Cairo , Egypt
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11
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Huang J, Wu X, Liang Z, Yu Y, Liu G. Water flushing irremovable biofilms on support material in dynamic membrane bioreactor: Formation, composition, and microbial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129813. [PMID: 33556632 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic membrane bioreactors mainly rely on the in-situ formed biofilms on support materials to reject fine particles in water. The development of irremovable biofilms on support materials can decrease the cleaning efficiency when removing the unwanted biofilms with low permeability by water flushing. In the present study, the initial formed biofilms on support materials at 5-day solids retention time (SRT) were removable by water flushing. After repeated cleaning with off-line water flushing during operation, however, irremovable biofilms were developed gradually inside the mesh pores and thus, rapid rising in transmembrane pressure occurred in every one to three days. At 20-day SRT, the biofilms formed on support materials with the same operation time were still removable. Therefore, both low SRT and repeated water flushing promoted the formation of irremovable biofilms on support materials. Further study found that the composition and microbial community between the irremovable and removable biofilms were significantly different, which differentiated the biofilm adhesion and removability. The irremovable biofilms had a greater faction of proteins (49.0%) and β-d-glucopyranose polysaccharides (17.8%) in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), while the removable biofilms had a greater fraction of α-d-glucopyranose polysaccharides. After repeated cleaning with off-line water flushing during operation, Nitrospiraceae was selectively enriched in the irremovable biofilms at a relative abundance of 39.1%, which could have resulted in the particular EPS matrix that strengthened the biofilm adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Huang
- School of Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, And Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; National Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, No 18 Ruihe Road, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Xianwei Wu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, And Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhihong Liang
- The Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510611, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, And Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Treatment Processes and Materials, And Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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12
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Stegman S, Batstone DJ, Rozendal R, Jensen PD, Hülsen T. Purple phototrophic bacteria granules under high and low upflow velocities. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116760. [PMID: 33360616 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The application of granular biomass has enabled energy efficient, high-rate wastewater treatment systems. While initially designed for high-strength wastewater treatment, granular systems can also play a major role in resource recovery. This study focused on the formation of purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) granular biomass during synthetic wastewater treatment. Liquid upflow velocity was applied as the driving force for granulation. Separate reactors were operated at either low (2-5m h-1) or high (6-9m h-1) upflow velocities, with sludge retention times (SRTs) ranging from 5-15d. Reactors produced anaerobic, photo-granules within ~50d. The sludge volume index (SVI30) of the granules was 10mL g-1 and average settling rates were greater than 30m h-1, both metrics being similar to existing granular technologies. Granule sizes of 2-3mm were recorded, however the particle size distribution was bimodal with a large floc fraction (70-80% volume fraction). The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and alginate-like extract (ALE) contents were similar to those in aerobic granular biomass. Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) imaging identified PPB bacteria dispersed throughout the granules with very few methanogens and an active core. Outer layer morphology was substantially different in the two reactors. The high-upflow reactor had an outer layer of Chromatiales and an inner layer of Rhodobacteriales, while the low-upflow reactor had lower abundances of both, and limited layering. According to 16s gene sequencing, PPB were a similar fraction of the microbial community in both reactors (40-70%), but the high upflow granules were dominated by Chromatiales (supporting FISH results), while the low upflow velocity reactor had a more diverse PPB community. Methanogens were seen only in the low upflow granules and only in small amounts (≤8%). Granule crude protein content was ~0.60gCP gVS-1 (~0.45gCP gTS-1), similar to that from other PPB production technologies. The growth of a rapid settling and discrete PPB granular biomass on synthetic wastewater suggests methods for resource recovery using PPB can be diversified to also include granular biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Stegman
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Damien J Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - René Rozendal
- Paques BV, Tjalke de Boerstritte 24, 8561 EL, Balk, Netherlands
| | - Paul D Jensen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Tim Hülsen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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13
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Vergine P, Salerno C, Casale B, Berardi G, Pollice A. Role of Mesh Pore Size in Dynamic Membrane Bioreactors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041472. [PMID: 33557423 PMCID: PMC7915341 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two identical bench-scale Self-Forming Dynamic Membrane BioReactors (SFD MBR) were set-up and operated for the treatment of real urban wastewater. The two bioreactors were equipped with meshes of different mesh pore size. Meshes having pore size values of 20 and 50 µm were tested under solid retention time (SRT) of 15 d, whereas meshes with 50 and 100 µm pore sizes were compared under SRT of 50 d. The results of long-term experiments showed very good overall performances by all systems at the steady state. High flux (in the range 61–71 L m−2 h−1) and very good effluent quality were obtained, with average suspended solids and chemical oxygen demanding values below 10 mg L−1 and 35 mg L−1, respectively. The mesh pore size did not have a major influence on the average cleaning frequency. However, the pore size affected the effluent quality in correspondence of two particular conditions: (i) immediately after mesh cleaning; and (ii) during operation under high suction pressures (mesh clogging not promptly removed through cleaning). Moreover, the mesh cleaning frequency was observed to be dependent on the SRT. In tests with 50 d SRT, the cleaning requirements were very low (one every five days), and this limited the influence of the mesh pore size on the effluent quality. In conclusion, in SFD MBR, the role of the mesh pore size on the effluent quality may be more or less relevant depending on the operating conditions that directly influence the Dynamic Membrane formation.
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14
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Vergine P, Salerno C, Berardi G, Pollice A. Self-Forming Dynamic Membrane BioReactors (SFD MBR) for municipal wastewater treatment: Relevance of solids retention time and biological process stability. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Zhang X, Kim D, Freedman DL, Karanfil T. Impact of biological wastewater treatment on the reactivity of N-Nitrosodimethylamine precursors. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 186:116315. [PMID: 32846382 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a probable human carcinogen which forms during chloramination of wastewater-impacted drinking waters. Municipal wastewater effluents are considered as major sources of NDMA precursors affecting downstream water quality. To evaluate the deactivation mechanisms and efficiencies of NDMA precursors during secondary treatment with the activated sludge (AS) process, NDMA formation potentials (FPs) of selected model precursor compounds and sewage components (i.e., blackwaters and greywaters) were monitored in batch AS treatment tests. After 24-h incubation with four different types of AS (i.e., domestic rural, domestic urban, textile and lab-grown AS), NDMA FP of trimethylamine (TMA) and minocycline (MNCL) decreased by 77-100%, while there was only 29-46% reduction in NDMA FP of sumatriptan (SMTR). The reduction in NDMA FP associated with ranitidine (RNTD) varied between 34% and 87%. The decrease in NDMA FP of RNTD depended on the AS type, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solids retention time (SRT). The domestic AS (rural and urban) achieved higher decreases in NDMA FPs of the tested model precursors than the textile AS or lab-grown AS. Increasing the HRT or SRT enhanced NDMA FP decrease for RNTD. Among different processes tested (i.e., biodegradation, biosorption and volatilization), biosorption was the major mechanism responsible for the NDMA FP decrease of RNTD, MNCL and SMTR, while biodegradation was the major NDMA FP reduction mechanism for TMA. The reduction in NDMA FP of RNTD via biodegradation depended on the AS activity which may vary with sampling seasons and SRT. NDMA FPs in all tested sewage components (i.e., blackwaters and greywaters) decreased after 24-h AS treatment. Urine in blackwater was the predominant (i.e., >90%) contributor to NDMA FP in domestic sewage and AS-treated effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
| | - Daekyun Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
| | - David L Freedman
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
| | - Tanju Karanfil
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA.
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16
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Huang S, Shi X, Bi X, Lee LY, Ng HY. Effect of ferric hydroxide on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor treating pharmaceutical wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121852. [PMID: 31386944 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling is considered as a main drawback for MBR technology especially treating industrial wastewater. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of fouling in membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating pharmaceutical wastewater with the addition of ferric hydroxide. Two identical lab-scale MBRs, namely, a control MBR (Co-MBR) and an enhanced MBR dosed with ferric hydroxide (Fe-MBR), were operated in parallel. The results demonstrate membrane fouling was retarded by 35% with the addition of iron. Further exploration of membrane fouling mechanisms showed iron addition resulted in increase in biomass floc size, enhancement of bacteria activity and reduction of dissolved organic concentration, especially carbohydrate, biopolymer and low molecular weight compounds concentrations in mixed liquor. There was also lower abundance of bacterial associated with biofilm formation in the Fe-MBR compared with the Co-MBR. These findings collectively contributed to the positive impacts on membrane fouling mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Huang
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueqing Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Xuejun Bi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Lai Yoke Lee
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576 Singapore, Singapore
| | - How Yong Ng
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576 Singapore, Singapore.
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17
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Kimura K, Kakuda T, Iwasaki H. Membrane fouling caused by lipopolysaccharides: A suggestion for alternative model polysaccharides for MBR fouling research. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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18
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Tiwari B, Sellamuthu B, Piché-Choquette S, Drogui P, Tyagi RD, Vaudreuil MA, Sauvé S, Buelna G, Dubé R. The bacterial community structure of submerged membrane bioreactor treating synthetic hospital wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 286:121362. [PMID: 31054410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used to prevent and treat diseases. These pharmaceutical compounds were not fully metabolized by the human body and thus excreted out in the wastewater stream. Thus, the study on the treatment of synthetic hospital wastewater containing pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, carbamazepine, estradiol and venlafaxine) was conducted to understand the variation of the bacterial community in a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) at varying hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6, 12 and 18 h. The variation in bacterial community dynamics of SMBR was studied using high throughput sequencing. The removal of pharmaceuticals was uniform at varying HRT. The removal of both ibuprofen and estradiol was accounted for 90%, whereas a lower removal of venlafaxine (<10%) and carbamazepine (>5%) in SMBR was observed. The addition of pharmaceuticals alters the bacterial community structure and result in increased abundance of bacteria (e.g., Flavobacterium, Pedobacter, and Methylibium) reported to degrade toxic pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balasubramanian Sellamuthu
- Département de radiologie, radio-oncologie et médecine nucléaire, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, H2X 0A9 Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Patrick Drogui
- INRS-Eau, Terre et Environnement, G1K9A9 Quebec, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - G Buelna
- Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec (CRIQ), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - R Dubé
- Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec (CRIQ), Quebec, QC, Canada
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19
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Juntawang C, Rongsayamanont C, Khan E. Entrapped-cells-based anaerobic forward osmosis membrane bioreactor treating medium-strength domestic wastewater: Fouling characterization and performance evaluation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:226-237. [PMID: 30877917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel entrapped cells-based-anaerobic forward osmosis membrane bioreactor (E-FOMBR) was developed. Its performance and fouling were investigated in comparison with suspended cells-based-anaerobic forward osmosis membrane bioreactor (S-FOMBR). E-FOMBR and S-FOMBR were operated under the same conditions with two widely used draw solutions (NaCl and (NH4)2SO4). The membrane fouling especially irreversible fouling in S-FOMBR was more severe than that in E-FOMBR regardless of the type of draw solution. The permeate flux of E-FOMBR were 1.79 and 1.85 LMH while those of S-FOMBR were 1.49 and 1.14 LMH with NaCl and (NH4)2SO4 as draw solutions, respectively. More deterioration of biological activity (suggested by lower organic removal) due to accumulation of salt was observed in S-FOMBR compared to E-FOMBR. Proteobacteria dominated in both FOMBRs but was more abundant in E-FOMBR than S-FOMBR. The superiority of E-FOMBR over S-FOMBR included higher and stable system performance, higher flux, and longer operation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaipon Juntawang
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences Program, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA.
| | - Chaiwat Rongsayamanont
- Research Center for Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
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20
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Singh RP, Fu D, Yang J, Xiong J. Operational performance and biofoulants in a dynamic membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 282:156-162. [PMID: 30856423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a mathematical model was developed to have a better understanding of the process and be used in future reactor scale models to predict its process performance. This model utilizes the Activated Sludge Model NO.1 (ASM1) framework and incorporates bioprocesses of formation and degradation of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Simulation result shows the model could very well predict the bioreactor performance. The average error of COD, BOD and NH3-N removal efficiency was 0.48, 0.28 and 1.18%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Prasad Singh
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China; SEU-Monash University Joint Research Centre for Future Cities, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Dafang Fu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China; SEU-Monash University Joint Research Centre for Future Cities, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Jinhui Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China; SEU-Monash University Joint Research Centre for Future Cities, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jianglei Xiong
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
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21
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Zhang S, Xiong J, Zuo X, Liao W, Ma C, He J, Chen Z. Characteristics of the sludge filterability and microbial composition in PAC hybrid MBR: Effect of PAC replenishment ratio. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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22
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Surappanahalli Rajanna S, Madhu GM, Madhusoodana CD, Govindarajan A. Silicon Carbide-Coated Ceramic Membrane Bioreactor for Sustainable Water Purification. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:E47. [PMID: 30986976 PMCID: PMC6523768 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9040047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a submerged ceramic membrane bioreactor was used to effectively treat industrial wastewater. The outcome of membrane coatings on the efficacy of the membrane was investigated using a silicon carbide (SiC) coating. The flux data obtained from the study were fitted into two mathematical models, namely, the standard pore blocking model (SPBM) and the complete pore plugging model (CPPM) in order to determine the fouling mechanism. It was observed that the SPBM fit with a minimum coefficient of regression of 0.95, suggesting that particles retained on the pore walls were smaller than the average size of membrane pores. An increase in dissolved oxygen (DO) of up to 225% was noted. The significant improvement of the water quality in terms of DO, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity of coated membrane emphasizes the fact that the membrane coating increases the efficacy of water treatment in membrane bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gattumane Motappa Madhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560054, India.
| | | | - Adithya Govindarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560054, India.
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23
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Ahmar Siddiqui M, Dai J, Guan D, Chen G. Exploration of the formation of self-forming dynamic membrane in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Zhou JH, Wu CH, Cheng GF, Hong QK, Li YZ, Wang HY. Impact of poly dimethyldiallylammonium chloride on membrane fouling mitigation in a membrane bioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:1043-1049. [PMID: 29235931 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1417489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Poly dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) was applied in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) to study its effects on mitigation of MBR membrane fouling. Floc size, zeta potential, soluble microbial substances (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion were studied with respect to PDMMAAC-dosing operations. Results demonstrated that a sustainable filtration cycle extended 3.3 times with the optimal PDMDAAC dosage of 90 mg L-1. The addition of PDMDAAC could increase zeta potential of sludge floc, which led to the decrease in repulsive electrostatic interactions between flocs, as well as the facilitation of flocs-to-flocs aggregation. With the optimal dosage of PDMDAAC, the mean size of sludge was 3.23 ± 0.55 times higher than the control group, resulting in higher impact resistance and better adaptive capacity to the changing environment, which led to less SMP secretion. Moreover, a high contaminants removal rate was achieved in the reactor that was dosed with PDMDAAC. The average effluent concentrations of chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen were less than 45.6 ± 2.85 and 5.23 ± 0.61 mg L-1, respectively, and the corresponding removal rates were 93.1 ± 5.81% and 89.1 ± 9.61%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Heng Zhou
- a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hua Wu
- a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Gao-Feng Cheng
- a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Kun Hong
- a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Zhong Li
- b Kemira Chemicals Co., Ltd. , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yu Wang
- a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
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25
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Zhang Z, Yu Z, Wang Z, Ma K, Xu X, Alvarezc PJJ, Zhu L. Understanding of aerobic sludge granulation enhanced by sludge retention time in the aspect of quorum sensing. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 272:226-234. [PMID: 30342427 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors with different sludge retention times (SRTs) were established for enhanced functional microorganism enrichment and granular formation. Results showed that higher total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency and compact granules were achieved in the 6-day-SRT reactor. Also, Xanthomonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae and Hyphomonadaceae with AHL-producing and EPS-secreting functions also enriched under 6-day SRT. For investigating the enhanced mechanism of sludge granulation, typical quorum sensing signals of acylated-homoserine-lactones (AHLs) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were analyzed. Tryptophan-and-protein-like substances were major EPS components in granules formed at 6-day SRT. Meanwhile, most detected AHLs, i.e. C8-HSL and 3OHC8-HSL, were correlated positively with contents of tryptophan-and-protein-like substances. According to AHLs add-back test, AHLs especially those with 8-carbon sidechains, played important roles in aerobic sludge granulation via secreting special extracellular proteins by functional microbes enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhuodong Yu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pedro J J Alvarezc
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Liang Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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26
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Sui Q, Jiang C, Zhang J, Yu D, Chen M, Wang Y, Wei Y. Does the biological treatment or membrane separation reduce the antibiotic resistance genes from swine wastewater through a sequencing-batch membrane bioreactor treatment process. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 118:274-281. [PMID: 29906721 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Swine wastes are the reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which can potentially spread from swine farms to the environment. This study establishes a sequencing-batch membrane bioreactor (SMBR) for ARG removal from swine wastewater, and analyzes the effect of biological treatment and membrane separation on the ARG removal at different solid retention times (SRTs). The SMBR removed 2.91 logs (copy number) of ARGs at a short SRT (12 days). Raising the SRT reduced the removal rates of the detected genes by the biological treatment. Under the relative long SRT (30 days), ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were maximized within the reactor and were well removed by membrane separation, with the average genes removal rate of 2.95 (copy number) and 1.18 logs (abundance). At the relatively low SRT, the biological treatment showed the dominant ARG removal effect, while the membrane separation took the advantages of ARG removal especially at the relatively long SRT. The ARG profile was related to the shift of the microbial community structure. The ARGs coexisted with the functional bacteria (ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria and denitrifiers), suggesting they are hosted by the functional bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Sui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Junya Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Dawei Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Meixue Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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27
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Wastewater Treatment and Biogas Recovery Using Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (AnMBRs): Strategies and Achievements. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11071675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Christensen ML, Niessen W, Sørensen NB, Hansen SH, Jørgensen MK, Nielsen PH. Sludge fractionation as a method to study and predict fouling in MBR systems. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Sun L, Tian Y, Zhang J, Li L, Zhang J, Li J. A novel membrane bioreactor inoculated with symbiotic sludge bacteria and algae: Performance and microbial community analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 251:311-319. [PMID: 29289875 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study combined sludge MBR technology with algae to establish an effective wastewater treatment and low membrane fouling system (ASB-MBR). Compared with control-MBR (C-MBR), the amelioration of microbial activity and the improvement of sludge properties and system environment were achieved after introducing algae resulting in high nutrients removal in the combined system. Further statistical analysis revealed that the symbiosis of algae and sludge displayed more remarkable impacts on nutrients removal than either of them. Additionally, membrane permeability was improved in ASB-MBR with respect to the decreased concentration, the changed of characteristics and the broken particular functional groups of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). Moreover, the algae inoculation reduced sludge diversity and shifted sludge community structure. Meantime, the stimulated bacteria selectively excite algal members that would benefit for the formation of algal-bacterial consortia. Consequently, the stimulated or inhibited of some species might be responsible for the performance of ASB-MBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lipin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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30
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Nouri A, Zinatizadeh AA. Process optimization of CNP removal from industrial soft drink wastewater in a single up flow A2O with continuous feed and intermittent discharge regime. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:1524-1536. [PMID: 29595155 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous removal of carbon and nutrients (CNP) in a single laboratory-scale bioreactor is advantageous in terms of reactor volume and energy consumption. In this study, an innovative up-flow anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (A2O) single bioreactor with continuous feed and intermittent discharge (CFID) regime equipped with a movable aerator in the reactor height for simultaneous removal of CNP from soft drinks wastewater was successfully designed, fabricated and operated. The effects of four independent variables, i.e. hydraulic retention time (HRT), aerator height, biomass concentration and nitrogen/soluble chemical oxygen demand (N/sCOD) ratio at three levels in the range of 4-8 h, 37-55.5 cm, 4,000-6,000-1, and 0.05-0.2, respectively, on eight process responses were investigated. The central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to design the experimental conditions, model the obtained data, and optimize the process. The bioreactor provides three conditions with different dissolved oxygen (DO) (anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic) in a single bioreactor by placing the aerator in the middle of the reactor. As a result, the maximum sCOD, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal were about 100, 92 and 41%, respectively. The optimum region obtained was an HRT of 5-11 h, a mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentration of 4,000-4,700 mgL-1, and an aerator height of 46.25 cm, at the N/sCOD ratio of 0.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Nouri
- Environment Research Center, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran E-mail: ;
| | - Ali Akbar Zinatizadeh
- Environment Research Center, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran E-mail: ;
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31
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El-Fadel M, Sleem F, Hashisho J, Saikaly PE, Alameddine I, Ghanimeh S. Impact of SRT on the performance of MBRs for the treatment of high strength landfill leachate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 73:165-180. [PMID: 29249308 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the performance and fouling potential of flat sheet (FS) and hollow fiber (HF) membrane bioreactors (MBRs) during the treatment of high strength landfill leachate under varying solid retention times (SRT = 5-20 days). Mixed-liquor bacterial communities were examined over time using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis in an attempt to define linkages between the system performance and the microbial community composition. Similarly, biofilm samples were collected at the end of each SRT to characterize the microbial communities that evolved on the surface of the FS and HF membranes. In general, both systems exhibited comparable removal efficiencies that dropped significantly as SRT was decreased down to 5 days. Noticeably, ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria were not detected at the tested SRTs. This suggests that the nitrifiers were not enriched, possibly due to the high organic and ammonium content of the leachate that led to low TN and NH3 removal efficiency. The steady-state fouling rate of both membranes increased linearly with the decrease in SRT at an estimated factor of 1.1 and 1.2 for the FS- and HF-MBR, respectively, when the SRT was reduced from 15 to 10 days and from 10 to 5 days. Similar dominant genera were detected in both MBRs, including Pseudomonas, Aequorivita, Ulvibacter, Taibaiella, and Thermus. Aequorivita, Taibaiella; Thermus were the dominant genera in the biofilms. Hierarchical clustering and non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed that while the mixed liquor communities in the FS-MBR and HF-MBRs were dynamic, they clustered separately. Similarly, biofilm communities on the FS and HF membranes differed in the dynamic bacterial community structure, especially for the FS-MBR; however this was less dynamic than the mixed liquor community.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El-Fadel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - F Sleem
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - J Hashisho
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - P E Saikaly
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia
| | - I Alameddine
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - S Ghanimeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Lebanon
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32
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Zhuo M, Abass OK, Zhang K. New insights into the treatment of realN,N-dimethylacetamide contaminated wastewater using a membrane bioreactor and its membrane fouling implications. RSC Adv 2018; 8:12799-12807. [PMID: 35541242 PMCID: PMC9079631 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) wastewater is an important step in achieving the sustainable industrial application of DMAC as an organic solvent. This is the first time that treatment of a high concentration of DMAC in real wastewater has been assessed using membrane bioreactor technology. In this study, an anoxic–oxic membrane bioreactor (MBR) was operated over a month to mineralize concentrated DMAC wastewater. Severe membrane fouling occurred during the short-term operation of the MBR as the membrane flux decreased from 11.52 to 5.28 L (m2 h)−1. The membrane fouling was aggravated by the increased amount of protein fractions present in the MBR mixed liquor. Moreover, results from the excitation–emission matrix analysis identified tryptophan and other protein-like related substances as the major membrane-fouling components. Furthermore, analysis of the DMAC degradation mechanism via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ion chromatography (IC) revealed that the major degradation products were ammonium and dimethylamine (DMA). Although the MBR system achieved the steady removal of DMAC and chemical oxygen demand (COD) by up to 98% and 80%, respectively at DMAC0 ≤ 7548 mg L−1, DMA was found to have accumulated in the treated effluent. Our investigation provides insight into the prospect and challenges of using MBR systems for DMAC wastewater degradation. Treatment of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) wastewater is an important step in achieving the sustainable industrial application of DMAC as an organic solvent.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoshui Zhuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xiamen 361021
- China
| | - Olusegun K. Abass
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xiamen 361021
- China
| | - Kaisong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xiamen 361021
- China
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33
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Semblante GU, Phan HV, Hai FI, Xu ZQ, Price WE, Nghiem LD. The role of microbial diversity and composition in minimizing sludge production in the oxic-settling-anoxic process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:558-567. [PMID: 28704678 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The oxic-settling-anoxic (OSA) process, which involves an aerobic tank attached to oxygen- and substrate-deficient external anoxic reactors, minimizes sludge production in biological wastewater treatment. In this study, the microbial community structure of OSA was determined. Principal coordinate analysis showed that among the three operational factors, i.e., (i) redox condition, (ii) external reactor sludge retention time (SRText), and (iii) sludge interchange between aerobic and anoxic reactors, redox condition had the greatest impact on microbial diversity. Generally, reactors with lower oxidation-reduction potential had higher microbial diversity. The main aerobic sequencing batch reactor of OSA (SBROSA) that interchanged sludge with an external anoxic reactor had greater microbial diversity than SBRcontrol which did not have sludge interchange. SBROSA sustained high abundance of the slow-growing nitrifying bacteria (e.g., Nitrospirales and Nitrosomondales) and consequently exhibited reduced sludge yield. Specific groups of bacteria facilitated sludge autolysis in the external reactors. Hydrolyzing (e.g., Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi) and fermentative (e.g., Firmicutes) bacteria, which can break down cellular matter, proliferated in both the external aerobic/anoxic and anoxic reactors. Sludge autolysis in the anoxic reactor was enhanced with the increase of predatory bacteria (e.g., order Myxobacteriales and genus Bdellovibrio) that can contribute to biomass decay. Furthermore, β- and γ-Proteobacteria were identified as the bacterial phyla that primarily underwent decay in the external reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galilee U Semblante
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Hop V Phan
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xu
- Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - William E Price
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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34
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Marín E, Pérez JI, Gómez MA. Behaviour of biopolymeric substances in the activated sludge of an MBR system working with high hydraulic retention time. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2017; 52:1184-1193. [PMID: 28910575 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1356209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to analyse the activated sludge of a membrane bioreactor (MBR), the behaviour of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) as well as their biopolymers composition, in the activated sludge of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and their influence on membrane fouling were analysed. For the experiment an experimental fullscale MBR working with real urban wastewater at high hydraulic retention time with a variable sludge-retention time (SRT) was used. The MBR system worked in denitrification/nitrification conformation at a constant flow rate (Q = 0.45 m3/h) with a recirculation flow rate of 4Q. The concentrations of SMP in the activated sludge were lower than the concentrations of EPS over the entire study, with humic substances being the main components of the two biopolymers. SMP and, more specifically, SMP carbohydrates, were the most influential biopolymers in membrane fouling, while for EPS and their components, no relation was found with fouling. The SRT and temperature were the operational variables that most influenced the SMP and EPS concentration, causing the increase of SRT and temperature a lower concentration in both biopolymers, although the effect was not the same for all the components, particularly for the EPS carbohydrates, which increased with longer SRTs. Both operational variables were also the ones most influential on the concentration of organic matter of the effluent, due to their effect on the SMP. The volatile suspended solid/total suspended solid (VSS/TSS) ratio in the activated sludge can be applied as a good indicator of the risk of membrane fouling by biopolymers in MBR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Marín
- a Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group , Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute , University of Granada , Spain
| | - Jorge I Pérez
- a Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group , Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute , University of Granada , Spain
| | - Miguel A Gómez
- a Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group , Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute , University of Granada , Spain
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35
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Effect of Membrane Type for the Treatment of Organized Industrial Zone (OIZ) Wastewater with a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR): Batch Experiments. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9080582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Shi Y, Huang J, Zeng G, Gu Y, Chen Y, Hu Y, Tang B, Zhou J, Yang Y, Shi L. Exploiting extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) controlling strategies for performance enhancement of biological wastewater treatments: An overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:396-411. [PMID: 28419953 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are present both outside of the cells and in the interior of microbial aggregates, and account for a main component in microbial aggregates. EPS can influence the properties and functions of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment systems, and specifically EPS are involved in biofilm formation and stability, sludge behaviors as well as sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) granulation whereas they are also responsible for membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). EPS exhibit dual roles in biological wastewater treatments, and hence the control of available EPS can be expected to lead to changes in microbial aggregate properties, thereby improving system performance. In this review, current updated knowledge with regard to EPS basics including their formation mechanisms, important properties, key component functions as well as sub-fraction differentiation is given. EPS roles in biological wastewater treatments are also briefly summarized. Special emphasis is laid on EPS controlling strategies which would have the great potential in promoting microbial aggregates performance and in alleviating membrane fouling, including limitation strategies (inhibition of quorum sensing (QS) systems, regulation of environmental conditions, enzymatic degradation of key components, energy uncoupling etc.) and elevation strategies (enhancement of QS systems, addition of exogenous agents etc.). Those strategies have been confirmed to be feasible and promising to enhance system performance, and they would be a research niche that deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Jinhui Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Yanling Gu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yaoning Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yi Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Bi Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Jianxin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Lixiu Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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37
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Luo Y, Le-Clech P, Henderson RK. Simultaneous microalgae cultivation and wastewater treatment in submerged membrane photobioreactors: A review. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Pacheco-Ruiz S, Heaven S, Banks CJ. Effect of mean cell residence time on transmembrane flux, mixed-liquor characteristics and overall performance of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:1263-1274. [PMID: 27590000 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1225127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic control of Mean Cell Residence Time (MCRT) was shown to have a significant impact on membrane flux under steady-state conditions. Two laboratory-scale flat-plate submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors were operated for 245 days on a low-to-intermediate strength substrate with high suspended solids. Transmembrane pressure was maintained at 2.2 kPa throughout four experimental phases, while MCRT in one reactor was progressively reduced. This allowed very accurate measurement of sustainable membrane flux rates at different MCRTs, and hence the degree of membrane fouling. Performance data were gathered on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, and a COD mass balance was constructed accounting for carbon converted into new biomass and that lost in the effluent as dissolved methane. Measurements of growth yield at each MCRT were made, with physical characterisation of each mixed liquor based on capillary suction time. The results showed membrane flux and MLSS filterability was highest at short MCRT, although specific methane production (SMP) was lower since a proportion of COD removal was accounted for by higher biomass yield. There was no advantage in operating at an MCRT <25 days. When considering the most suitable MCRT there is thus a trade-off between membrane performance, SMP and waste sludge yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Pacheco-Ruiz
- a Faculty of Engineering and the Environment , University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
| | - Sonia Heaven
- a Faculty of Engineering and the Environment , University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
| | - Charles J Banks
- a Faculty of Engineering and the Environment , University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
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39
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Liu J, Zuo W, Zhang J, Li H, Li L, Tian Y. Shifts in microbial community structure and diversity in a MBR combined with worm reactors treating synthetic wastewater. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 54:246-255. [PMID: 28391936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N removal, membrane fouling, sludge characteristics and microbial community structure in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) coupled with worm reactors (SSBWR) were evaluated for 210days. The obtained results were compared to those from a conventional MBR (C-MBR) operated in parallel. The results indicated that the combined MBR (S-MBR) achieved higher COD and NH3-N removal efficiency, slower increase in membrane fouling, better sludge settleability and higher activities of the related enzymes in the activated sludge. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was used to analyze the microbial community structures in the C-MBR and the S-MBR. The microbial community structure in the S-MBR was more diverse than that in the C-MBR. Additionally, the slow-growing microbes such as Saprospiraceae, Actinomyces, Frankia, Clostridium, Comamonas, Pseudomonas, Dechloromonas and Flavobacterium were enriched in the S-MBR, further accounting for the sludge reduction, membrane fouling alleviation and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Wei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lipin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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40
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Campo R, Capodici M, Di Bella G, Torregrossa M. The role of EPS in the foaming and fouling for a MBR operated in intermittent aeration conditions. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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41
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Yan L, Zhang X, Hao G, Guo Y, Ren Y, Yu L, Bao X, Zhang Y. Insight into the roles of tightly and loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances on a granular sludge in ammonium nitrogen removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 222:408-412. [PMID: 27744165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To explicitly understand the function of extracellular polymeric substances in the treatment of ammonium-nitrogen-rich wastewater using aerobic granular sludge, the three forms of nitrogen (ammonium, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen) contained in tightly and loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances were analyzed. The three forms of nitrogen were monitored in the tightly and loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances in aerobic granular sludge after adsorption. The ammonium nitrogen contained in the extracellular polymeric substances was distributed in both the tightly and loosely bound forms and decreased gradually as the aeration time increased. Ammonium nitrogen remained in the tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances even after aeration was complete. The nitrite and nitrate nitrogen species in the extracellular polymeric substances were mainly present in the loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances. The sources of the three nitrogen forms detected in the extracellular polymeric substances differed relative to the different nitrogen forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilong Yan
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guoxin Hao
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yihan Guo
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Liangbin Yu
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xuefei Bao
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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42
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Weerasekara NA, Choo KH, Lee CH. Biofouling control: Bacterial quorum quenching versus chlorination in membrane bioreactors. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 103:293-301. [PMID: 27474939 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation (biofouling) induced via cell-to-cell communication (quorum sensing) causes problems in membrane filtration processes. Chorine is one of the most common chemicals used to interfere with biofouling; however, biofouling control is challenging because it is a natural process. This study demonstrates biofouling control for submerged hollow fiber membranes in membrane bioreactors by means of bacterial quorum quenching (QQ) using Rhodococcus sp. BH4 with chemically enhanced backwashing. This is the first trial to bring QQ alongside chlorine injection into practice. A high chlorine dose (100 mg/L as Cl2) to the system is insufficient for preventing biofouling, but addition of the QQ bacterium is effective for disrupting biofouling that cannot be achieved by chlorination alone. QQ reduces the biologically induced metal precipitate and extracellular biopolymer levels in the biofilm, and biofouling is significantly delayed when QQ is applied in addition to chlorine dosing. QQ with chlorine injection gives synergistic effects on reducing physically and chemically reversible fouling resistances while saving substantial filtration energy. Manipulating microbial community functions with chemical treatment is an attractive tool for biofilm dispersal in membrane bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuwan A Weerasekara
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Engineering Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Kwang-Ho Choo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chung-Hak Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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43
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Lee BM, Hur J. Adsorption Behavior of Extracellular Polymeric Substances on Graphene Materials Explored by Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7364-7372. [PMID: 27348186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption isotherms of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) were studied using fluorescence excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Chemical reduction of GO resulted in a greater extent of carbon adsorption with a higher degree of isotherm nonlinearity, suggesting that heterogeneous adsorption sites were additionally created by GO reduction. Two protein-like and two humic-like components were identified from EPS by EEM-PARAFAC. Adsorption of protein-like components was greater than that of humic-like components, and the preferential adsorption was more pronounced for GO versus rGO. Adsorption of protein-like components was more governed by site-limiting mechanisms than humic-like components as shown by the higher isotherm nonlinearity. 2D-COS provided further information on the adsorption of secondary protein structures. Adsorption of the EPS structures related to amide I and aromatic C-C bands was greater for rGO versus GO. Protein structures of EPS were more favorable for adsorption in the order of α-helix → amide II → β-sheet structures with increasing site limitation. Our results revealed successful applicability of EEM-PARAFAC and 2D-COS in examining the adsorption behavior of heterogeneous biological materials on graphene materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Mi Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University , Seoul, 143-747, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University , Seoul, 143-747, South Korea
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44
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Retention of Silica Nanoparticles in a Lab-Scale Membrane Bioreactor: Implications for Process Performance and Membrane Fouling. WATER 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/w8070277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Wang X, Li M, Liu J, Qu J. Occurrence, distribution, and potential influencing factors of sewage sludge components derived from nine full-scale wastewater treatment plants of Beijing, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 45:233-239. [PMID: 27372138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Millions of tons of waste activated sludge (WAS) produced from biological wastewater treatment processes cause severe adverse environmental consequences. A better understanding of WAS composition is thus very critical for sustainable sludge management. In this work, the occurrence and distribution of several fundamental sludge constituents were explored in WAS samples from nine full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) of Beijing, China. Among all the components investigated, active heterotrophic biomass was dominant in the samples (up to 9478mg/L), followed by endogenous residues (6736mg/L), extracellular polymeric substances (2088mg/L), and intracellular storage products (464mg/L) among others. Moreover, significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in composition profiles of sludge samples among the studied WWTPs. To identify the potential parameters affecting the variable fractions of sludge components, wastewater source as well as design and operational parameters of WWTPs were studied using statistical methods. The findings indicated that the component fraction of sewage sludge depends more on wastewater treatment alternatives than on wastewater characteristics among other parameters. A principal component analysis was conducted, which further indicated that there was a greater proportion of residual inert biomass in the sludge produced by the combined system of the conventional anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process and a membrane bioreactor. Additionally, a much longer solids retention time was also found to influence the sludge composition and induce an increase in both endogenous inert residues and extracellular polymeric substances in the sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Meiyan Li
- Zhongheronghua Environmental Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Beijing 100085, China
| | - Junxin Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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46
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Iorhemen OT, Hamza RA, Tay JH. Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Technology for Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: Membrane Fouling. MEMBRANES 2016; 6:E33. [PMID: 27314394 PMCID: PMC4931528 DOI: 10.3390/membranes6020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The membrane bioreactor (MBR) has emerged as an efficient compact technology for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. The major drawback impeding wider application of MBRs is membrane fouling, which significantly reduces membrane performance and lifespan, resulting in a significant increase in maintenance and operating costs. Finding sustainable membrane fouling mitigation strategies in MBRs has been one of the main concerns over the last two decades. This paper provides an overview of membrane fouling and studies conducted to identify mitigating strategies for fouling in MBRs. Classes of foulants, including biofoulants, organic foulants and inorganic foulants, as well as factors influencing membrane fouling are outlined. Recent research attempts on fouling control, including addition of coagulants and adsorbents, combination of aerobic granulation with MBRs, introduction of granular materials with air scouring in the MBR tank, and quorum quenching are presented. The addition of coagulants and adsorbents shows a significant membrane fouling reduction, but further research is needed to establish optimum dosages of the various coagulants/adsorbents. Similarly, the integration of aerobic granulation with MBRs, which targets biofoulants and organic foulants, shows outstanding filtration performance and a significant reduction in fouling rate, as well as excellent nutrients removal. However, further research is needed on the enhancement of long-term granule integrity. Quorum quenching also offers a strong potential for fouling control, but pilot-scale testing is required to explore the feasibility of full-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Terna Iorhemen
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Rania Ahmed Hamza
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Joo Hwa Tay
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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47
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Impact of sludge retention time on the fine composition of the microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances in a membrane bioreactor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8507-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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48
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Chon K, Lee K, Kim IS, Jang A. Performance assessment of a submerged membrane bioreactor using a novel microbial consortium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 210:2-10. [PMID: 26776149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The performance of a submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) with and without a novel microbial consortium (NMBR vs. CMBR) was compared to provide deeper insights into the effects of changes in water quality and dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics by a novel microbial consortium on the fouling characteristics of MBR processes. Despite similar operating conditions and identical DOM properties in the feed waters, NMBR exhibited a lower propensity to release polysaccharide-like compounds with low molecular weight by bacterial activities compared to CMBR. These compounds have a great fouling potential for MBR processes. Therefore, an increase in the transmembrane pressure (TMP) of NMBR (normalized TMP (TMP/TMP0): 1.14) was much slower and less significant than that observed in CMBR (TMP/TMP0: 2.61). These observations imply that the novel microbial consortium can efficiently mitigate membrane fouling by hydrophilic DOM in MBR processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangmin Chon
- Jeju Global Research Center (JGRC), Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 200 Haemajihaean-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63357, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungpyo Lee
- School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Am Jang
- School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Nguyen TT, Bui XT, Vo TDH, Nguyen DD, Nguyen PD, Do HLC, Ngo HH, Guo W. Performance and membrane fouling of two types of laboratory-scale submerged membrane bioreactors for hospital wastewater treatment at low flux condition. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Yu H, Xu G, Qu F, Li G, Liang H. Effect of solid retention time on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor: from the perspective of quorum sensing and quorum quenching. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:7887-97. [PMID: 27087526 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7496-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid retention time (SRT) is one of the most important operational parameters in membrane bioreactor (MBR), which significantly influences membrane fouling. It is widely recognized that SRT mainly changes biomass characteristics, and then, influences membrane fouling. Effect of SRT on quorum sensing (QS) in MBR, which could also influence fouling by coordinating biofilm formation, has not been reported. In this study, fouling, QS, soluble microbial products (SMP), and extracellular polymer substances (EPS) in MBRs operated under SRTs of 4, 10, and 40 days were investigated. The results showed that as SRT increased, the abundance of quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria increased, the quorum signal degradation activity of activated sludge increased, the concentrations of signal molecules in MBR decreased, the excretion of SMP and EPS decreased, and thus membrane biofouling was alleviated. Therefore, besides altering the biomass physiochemical properties, SRT also changed the balance between QS and QQ in MBR, and in this way, influenced membrane biofouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China.
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