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Shi W, Zhang Z, Li M, Dong H, Li J. Reproductive toxicity of PFOA, PFOS and their substitutes: A review based on epidemiological and toxicological evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118485. [PMID: 38373549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have already drawn a lot of attention for their accumulation and reproductive toxicity in organisms. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanoic sulfonate (PFOS), two representative PFAS, are toxic to humans and animals. Due to their widespread use in environmental media with multiple toxicities, PFOA and PFOS have been banned in numerous countries, and many substitutes have been produced to meet market requirements. Unfortunately, most alternatives to PFOA and PFOS have proven to be cumulative and highly toxic. Of the reported multiple organ toxicities, reproductive toxicity deserves special attention. It has been confirmed through epidemiological studies that PFOS and PFOA are not only associated with reduced testosterone levels in humans, but also with an association with damage to the integrity of the blood testicular barrier. In addition, for women, PFOA and PFOS are correlated with abnormal sex hormone levels, and increase the risk of infertility and abnormal menstrual cycle. Nevertheless, there is controversial evidence on the epidemiological relationship that exists between PFOA and PFOS as well as sperm quality and reproductive hormones, while the evidence from animal studies is relatively consistent. Based on the published papers, the potential toxicity mechanisms for PFOA, PFOS and their substitutes were reviewed. For males, PFOA and PFOS may produce reproductive toxicity in the following five ways: (1) Apoptosis and autophagy in spermatogenic cells; (2) Apoptosis and differentiation disorders of Leydig cells; (3) Oxidative stress in sperm and disturbance of Ca2+ channels in sperm membrane; (4) Degradation of delicate intercellular junctions between Sertoli cells; (5) Activation of brain nuclei and shift of hypothalamic metabolome. For females, PFOA and PFOS may produce reproductive toxicity in the following five ways: (1) Damage to oocytes through oxidative stress; (2) Inhibition of corpus luteum function; (3) Inhibition of steroid hormone synthesis; (4) Damage to follicles by affecting gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC); (5) Inhibition of placental function. Besides, PFAS substitutes show similar reproductive toxicity with PFOA and PFOS, and are even more toxic to the placenta. Finally, based on the existing knowledge, future developments and direction of efforts in this field are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Shi
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Mei Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215011, China
| | - Huiyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jiafu Li
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Juel Mortensen L, Kooij I, Lorenzen M, Rye Jørgensen N, Røder A, Jørgensen A, Andersson AM, Juul A, Blomberg Jensen M. Injection of luteinizing hormone or human chorionic gonadotropin increases calcium excretion and serum PTH in males. Cell Calcium 2024; 122:102908. [PMID: 38852333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Animal and human studies have suggested that sex steroids have calciotropic actions, and it has been proposed that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) may exert direct effects on bone. Here, we demonstrate the expression of the receptor for Luteinizing hormone (LH) and human choriogonadotropin (hCG), LHCGR, in human kidney tissue, suggesting a potential influence on calcium homeostasis. To investigate the role of LHCGR agonist on calcium homeostasis in vivo, we conducted studies in male mice and human subjects. Male mice were treated with luteinizing hormone (LH), and human extrapolation was achieved by injecting 5000 IU hCG once to healthy men or men with hypergonadotropic or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. In mice, LH treatment significantly increased urinary calcium excretion and induced a secondary increase in serum parathyroid hormone (PTH). Similarly, hCG treatment in healthy men led to a significant increase in urinary calcium excretion, serum PTH levels, and 1,25 (OH)2D3, while calcitonin, and albumin levels were reduced, possibly to avoid development of persistent hypocalcemia. Still, the rapid initial decline in ionized calcium coincided with a significant prolongation of the cardiac QTc-interval that normalized over time. The observed effects may be attributed to LH/hCG-receptor (LHCGR) activation, considering the presence of LHCGR expression in human kidney tissue, and the increase in sex steroids occurred several hours after the changes in calcium homeostasis. Our translational study shed light on the intricate relationship between gonadotropins, sex hormones and calcium, suggesting that LHCGR may be influencing calcium homeostasis directly or indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Juel Mortensen
- Group of skeletal, mineral and gonadal endocrinology, University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Ireen Kooij
- Group of skeletal, mineral and gonadal endocrinology, University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mette Lorenzen
- Group of skeletal, mineral and gonadal endocrinology, University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; Translational Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Andreas Røder
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Urology, Urological Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Jørgensen
- Group of skeletal, mineral and gonadal endocrinology, University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Blomberg Jensen
- Group of skeletal, mineral and gonadal endocrinology, University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Pulli K, Saarimäki-Vire J, Ahonen P, Liu X, Ibrahim H, Chandra V, Santambrogio A, Wang Y, Vaaralahti K, Iivonen AP, Känsäkoski J, Tommiska J, Kemkem Y, Varjosalo M, Vuoristo S, Andoniadou CL, Otonkoski T, Raivio T. A splice site variant in MADD affects hormone expression in pancreatic β cells and pituitary gonadotropes. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e167598. [PMID: 38775154 PMCID: PMC11141940 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
MAPK activating death domain (MADD) is a multifunctional protein regulating small GTPases RAB3 and RAB27, MAPK signaling, and cell survival. Polymorphisms in the MADD locus are associated with glycemic traits, but patients with biallelic variants in MADD manifest a complex syndrome affecting nervous, endocrine, exocrine, and hematological systems. We identified a homozygous splice site variant in MADD in 2 siblings with developmental delay, diabetes, congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and growth hormone deficiency. This variant led to skipping of exon 30 and in-frame deletion of 36 amino acids. To elucidate how this mutation causes pleiotropic endocrine phenotypes, we generated relevant cellular models with deletion of MADD exon 30 (dex30). We observed reduced numbers of β cells, decreased insulin content, and increased proinsulin-to-insulin ratio in dex30 human embryonic stem cell-derived pancreatic islets. Concordantly, dex30 led to decreased insulin expression in human β cell line EndoC-βH1. Furthermore, dex30 resulted in decreased luteinizing hormone expression in mouse pituitary gonadotrope cell line LβT2 but did not affect ontogeny of stem cell-derived GnRH neurons. Protein-protein interactions of wild-type and dex30 MADD revealed changes affecting multiple signaling pathways, while the GDP/GTP exchange activity of dex30 MADD remained intact. Our results suggest MADD-specific processes regulate hormone expression in pancreatic β cells and pituitary gonadotropes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Pulli
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Jonna Saarimäki-Vire
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Pekka Ahonen
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hazem Ibrahim
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Alice Santambrogio
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yafei Wang
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Kirsi Vaaralahti
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Anna-Pauliina Iivonen
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Johanna Känsäkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Johanna Tommiska
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yasmine Kemkem
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Vuoristo
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; and
- HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cynthia L. Andoniadou
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
- New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taneli Raivio
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine
- New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
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Wang Y, Wu W, Bravo MA, Liu S, Xi X, Zhou Y, Zhang Q, Liu Q. Prepubertal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are associated with early pubertal development onset in boys: A longitudinal study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134160. [PMID: 38574665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) on puberty in boys. METHODS 695 subjects were selected from four primary schools in Chongqing, China. 675 urine samples from these boys were collected four PAH metabolites: 1-hydroxypyrene, 2-hydroxynaphthoic, 2-hydroxyfluorene, and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene. Pubertal development of 695 boys was assessed at follow-up visits starting in December 2015 and occurring every six months thereafter until now, data used in this article ending in June 2021. A total of 12 follow-up visits were performed. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the relationship between PAH metabolite concentrations and indicators of pubertal timing. RESULTS The mean age at puberty onset of testicular volume, facial hair, pubic hair, first ejaculation, and axillary hair in boys was 11.66, 12.43, 12.51, 12.72 and 13.70 years, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression models showed that boys with moderate level of 1-OHPyr exposure was associated with earlier testicular development (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.276, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.006-1.619), with moderate level of 2-OHNap were at higher risk of early testicular development (HR = 1.273, 95% CI: 1.002-1.617) and early axillary hair development (HR = 1.355, 95% CI: 1.040-1.764), with moderate level of 2-OHFlu was associated with earlier pubic hair development (HR = 1.256, 95% CI: 1.001-1.577), with high level of 9-OHPhe were at higher risk of early fisrt ejaculation (HR = 1.333, 95% CI: 1.005-1.767) and early facial hair development (HR = 1.393, 95% CI: 1.059-1.831). CONCLUSION Prepubertal exposure to PAHs may be associated with earlier pubertal development in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Mercedes A Bravo
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Shudan Liu
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Xuan Xi
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Yuanke Zhou
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Qin Liu
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
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Yang L, He Z, Hu L, Tang H, Geng Y, Tan Q, Zhang Y, Wen Y, Wu W, Gu H, Liu X. Ti 3C 2 nanosheet-induced autophagy derails ovarian functions. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:242. [PMID: 38735936 PMCID: PMC11089700 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two-dimensional ultrathin Ti3C2 (MXene) nanosheets have gained significant attention in various biomedical applications. Although previous studies have described the accumulation and associated damage of Ti3C2 nanosheets in the testes and placenta. However, it is currently unclear whether Ti3C2 nanosheets can be translocated to the ovaries and cause ovarian damage, thereby impairing ovarian functions. RESULTS We established a mouse model with different doses (1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg bw/d) of Ti3C2 nanosheets injected intravenously for three days. We demonstrated that Ti3C2 nanosheets can enter the ovaries and were internalized by granulosa cells, leading to a decrease in the number of primary, secondary and antral follicles. Furthermore, the decrease in follicles is closely associated with higher levels of FSH and LH, as well as increased level of E2 and P4, and decreased level of T in mouse ovary. In further studies, we found that exposure toTi3C2 nanosheets increased the levels of Beclin1, ATG5, and the ratio of LC3II/Ι, leading to autophagy activation. Additionally, the level of P62 increased, resulting in autophagic flux blockade. Ti3C2 nanosheets can activate autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, with oxidative stress playing an important role in this process. Therefore, we chose the ovarian granulosa cell line (KGN cells) for in vitro validation of the impact of autophagy on the hormone secretion capability. The inhibition of autophagy initiation by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) promoted smooth autophagic flow, thereby partially reduced the secretion of estradiol and progesterone by KGN cells; Whereas blocking autophagic flux by Rapamycin (RAPA) further exacerbated the secretion of estradiol and progesterone in cells. CONCLUSION Ti3C2 nanosheet-induced increased secretion of hormones in the ovary is mediated through the activation of autophagy and impairment of autophagic flux, which disrupts normal follicular development. These results imply that autophagy dysfunction may be one of the underlying mechanisms of Ti3C2-induced damage to ovarian granulosa cells. Our findings further reveal the mechanism of female reproductive toxicity induced by Ti3C2 nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhiting He
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Box 197, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Le Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gynecological Oncology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Hongyu Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yanqing Geng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Box 197, Chongqing, 400016, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoyan Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yixian Wen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Box 197, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, 3rd Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Huayan Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China.
- Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Box 197, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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6
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Wang M, Luo J, Dai L, Feng M, Cao X, Zhang J, Wan Y, Yang X, Wang Y. Foxp2 deficiency impairs reproduction by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in zebrafish†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:908-923. [PMID: 38288660 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
FOXP2 was initially characterized as a transcription factor linked to speech and language disorders. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that Foxp2 is enriched in the gonadotrope cluster of the pituitary gland and colocalized with the hormones LHB and FSHB in chickens and mice, implying that FOXP2 might be associated with reproduction in vertebrates. Herein, we investigated the roles of foxp2 in reproduction in a Foxp2-deficient zebrafish model. The results indicated that the loss of Foxp2 inhibits courtship behavior in adult male zebrafish. Notably, Foxp2 deficiency disrupts gonad development, leading to retardation of follicle development and a decrease in oocytes in females at the full-growth stage, among other phenotypes. The transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) also revealed that differentially expressed genes clustered into the estrogen signaling and ovarian steroidogenesis-related signaling pathways. In addition, we found that Foxp2 deficiency could modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, especially the regulation of lhb and fshb expression, in zebrafish. In contrast, the injection of human chorionic gonadotropin, a specific LH agonist, partially rescues Foxp2-impaired reproduction in zebrafish, suggesting that Foxp2 plays an important role in the regulation of reproduction via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in zebrafish. Thus, our findings reveal a new role for Foxp2 in the regulation of reproduction in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juanjuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meilan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqian Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiannan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiping Wan
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Balen AH, Tamblyn J, Skorupskaite K, Munro MG. A comprehensive review of the new FIGO classification of ovulatory disorders. Hum Reprod Update 2024; 30:355-382. [PMID: 38412452 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) system for the classification of disorders of ovulation was produced 50 years ago and, by international consensus, has been updated by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO). OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review outlines in detail each component of the FIGO HyPO-P (hypothalamic, pituitary, ovarian, PCOS) classification with a concise description of each cause, and thereby provides a systematic method for diagnosis and management. SEARCH METHODS We searched the published articles in the PubMed database in the English-language literature until October 2022, containing the keywords ovulatory disorders; ovulatory dysfunction; anovulation, and each subheading in the FIGO HyPO-P classification. We did not include abstracts or conference proceedings because the data are usually difficult to assess. OUTCOMES We present the most comprehensive review of all disorders of ovulation, published systematically according to the logical FIGO classification. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Improving the diagnosis of an individual's ovulatory dysfunction will significantly impact clinical practice by enabling healthcare practitioners to make a precise diagnosis and plan appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Balen
- Leeds Centre for Reproductive Medicine, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jennifer Tamblyn
- Leeds Centre for Reproductive Medicine, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Malcolm G Munro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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8
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Lillepea K, Juchnewitsch AG, Kasak L, Valkna A, Dutta A, Pomm K, Poolamets O, Nagirnaja L, Tamp E, Mahyari E, Vihljajev V, Tjagur S, Papadimitriou S, Riera-Escamilla A, Versbraegen N, Farnetani G, Castillo-Madeen H, Sütt M, Kübarsepp V, Tennisberg S, Korrovits P, Krausz C, Aston KI, Lenaerts T, Conrad DF, Punab M, Laan M. Toward clinical exomes in diagnostics and management of male infertility. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:877-895. [PMID: 38614076 PMCID: PMC11080280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility, affecting ∼10% of men, is predominantly caused by primary spermatogenic failure (SPGF). We screened likely pathogenic and pathogenic (LP/P) variants in 638 candidate genes for male infertility in 521 individuals presenting idiopathic SPGF and 323 normozoospermic men in the ESTAND cohort. Molecular diagnosis was reached for 64 men with SPGF (12%), with findings in 39 genes (6%). The yield did not differ significantly between the subgroups with azoospermia (20/185, 11%), oligozoospermia (18/181, 10%), and primary cryptorchidism with SPGF (26/155, 17%). Notably, 19 of 64 LP/P variants (30%) identified in 28 subjects represented recurrent findings in this study and/or with other male infertility cohorts. NR5A1 was the most frequently affected gene, with seven LP/P variants in six SPGF-affected men and two normozoospermic men. The link to SPGF was validated for recently proposed candidate genes ACTRT1, ASZ1, GLUD2, GREB1L, LEO1, RBM5, ROS1, and TGIF2LY. Heterozygous truncating variants in BNC1, reported in female infertility, emerged as plausible causes of severe oligozoospermia. Data suggested that several infertile men may present congenital conditions with less pronounced or pleiotropic phenotypes affecting the development and function of the reproductive system. Genes regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis were affected in >30% of subjects with LP/P variants. Six individuals had more than one LP/P variant, including five with two findings from the gene panel. A 4-fold increased prevalence of cancer was observed in men with genetic infertility compared to the general male population (8% vs. 2%; p = 4.4 × 10-3). Expanding genetic testing in andrology will contribute to the multidisciplinary management of SPGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Lillepea
- Chair of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anna-Grete Juchnewitsch
- Chair of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Laura Kasak
- Chair of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anu Valkna
- Chair of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Avirup Dutta
- Chair of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kristjan Pomm
- Andrology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Olev Poolamets
- Andrology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Nagirnaja
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Erik Tamp
- Center of Pathology, Diagnostic Clinic, East Tallinn Central Hospital, 10138 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Eisa Mahyari
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | | | - Stanislav Tjagur
- Andrology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sofia Papadimitriou
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antoni Riera-Escamilla
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nassim Versbraegen
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ginevra Farnetani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Helen Castillo-Madeen
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Mailis Sütt
- Andrology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Viljo Kübarsepp
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50406 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Clinic of Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sven Tennisberg
- Andrology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Paul Korrovits
- Andrology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Csilla Krausz
- Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Kenneth I Aston
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tom Lenaerts
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Donald F Conrad
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Center for Embryonic Cell & Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97239, USA
| | - Margus Punab
- Chair of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Andrology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 50406 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50406 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Maris Laan
- Chair of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
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张 余, 罗 飞. [Recent advances in the genetic etiology of central precocious puberty]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2024; 26:302-307. [PMID: 38557384 PMCID: PMC10986386 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2309098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Central precocious puberty (CPP) is a developmental disorder caused by early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The incidence of CPP is rapidly increasing, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Previous studies have shown that gain-of-function mutations in the KISS1R and KISS1 genes and loss-of-function mutations in the MKRN3, LIN28, and DLK1 genes may lead to early initiation of pubertal development. Recent research has also revealed the significant role of epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation and microRNAs in the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons, as well as the modulating effect of gene networks involving multiple variant genes on pubertal initiation. This review summarizes the genetic etiology and pathogenic mechanisms underlying CPP.
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Lu CL, Wen HJ, Chen ML, Sun CW, Hsieh CJ, Wu MT, Wang SL. Prenatal phthalate exposure and sex steroid hormones in newborns: Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297631. [PMID: 38483929 PMCID: PMC10939196 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newborn anogenital distance (AGD) has been associated with prenatal exposure of phthalates. The association between prenatal phthalate exposure and sex steroid hormones in newborns is unclear. OBJECT This study aimed to examine whether cord-blood sex hormone levels were associated with prenatal phthalate exposure and newborn anogenital distance (AGD). METHODS In the Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study, we recruited 1,676 pregnant women in their third trimester in 2012-2015 in Taiwan. We determined 11 urinary phthalate metabolites in pregnant women, three maternal and five cord-blood steroid sex-hormone concentrations. Five hundred and sixty-five mother-infant pairs with sufficient data were included. Trained neonatologists measured 263 newborns' AGD. We examined the associations of prenatal phthalate metabolite levels with AGD and hormones using linear regression models and evaluated correlations between maternal and cord-blood sex hormone levels and AGD. RESULTS Compared with the male newborns exposed to maternal phthalate metabolites at the first tertile, AGD was -3.75, -3.43, and -3.53 mm shorter among those exposed at the median tertile of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolites, monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), and monomethyl phthalate (MMP), respectively. Compared with those who had exposed at the first tertile, cord-blood follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) decreased among male newborns exposed at higher levels of MMP, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), MBzP and DEHP, and among female newborns exposed at higher levels of MMP, MBzP and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate. However, we did not observe significant correlations of maternal or cord-blood sex steroid hormones with newborns' AGDs. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in cord-blood sex steroid hormone levels were associated with prenatal phthalate exposures, particularly in male newborns. Women aspiring to be pregnant should be alerted of the need of reducing phthalate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Li Lu
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Wen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Sun
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan
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11
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Pei S, Wang Z, Liu Y, Xu Y, Bai J, Li W, Li F, Yue X. Transcriptomic analysis of the HPG axis-related tissues reveals potential candidate genes and regulatory pathways associated with testicular size in Hu sheep. Theriogenology 2024; 216:168-176. [PMID: 38185016 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Testicular size is an excellent proxy for selecting high-fertility rams. The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis plays an important role in regulating reproductive capacity in vertebrates, while key genes and regulatory pathways within the HPG axis associated with testicular size remain largely unknown in sheep. This study comprehensively compared the transcriptomic profiles in the hypothalamus, pituitary and testis of rams after sexual maturity between the large-testis group (LTG, testicular weight = 454.29 ± 54.24 g) and the small-testis group (STG, testicular weight = 77.29 ± 10.76 g). In total, 914, 795 and 10518 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the hypothalamus, pituitary and testis between LTG and STG, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that these DEGs were mainly involved in the biological processes of reproduction, biological regulation, and development process. Notably, the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and cAMP signaling pathways, commonly enriched by the DEGs in the hypothalamus and pituitary between two groups, were considered as two key signal pathways regulating testicular development through the HPGs axis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified two modules that were significantly associated with testicular size, and 97 key genes were selected with high module membership (MM) and gene significance (GS) in these two modules. Finally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and ten genes with the highest degree were represented as hub genes, including FOS, NPY, SST, F2, AGT, NTS, OXT, EDN1, VIP and TAC1. Taken together, these results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the HPG axis regulating testicular size of Hu sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Yangkai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Yanli Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Quality Standards, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, 830057, China
| | - Jingjing Bai
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Extension Station of Wuwei City, Wuwei, 733000, China
| | - Wanhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Fadi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Xiangpeng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
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12
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Wojtas MN, Diaz-González M, Stavtseva N, Shoam Y, Verma P, Buberman A, Izhak I, Geva A, Basch R, Ouro A, Perez-Benitez L, Levy U, Borcel E, Nuñez Á, Venero C, Rotem-Dai N, Veksler-Lublinsky I, Knafo S. Interplay between hippocampal TACR3 and systemic testosterone in regulating anxiety-associated synaptic plasticity. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:686-703. [PMID: 38135756 PMCID: PMC11153148 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Tachykinin receptor 3 (TACR3) is a member of the tachykinin receptor family and falls within the rhodopsin subfamily. As a G protein-coupled receptor, it responds to neurokinin B (NKB), its high-affinity ligand. Dysfunctional TACR3 has been associated with pubertal failure and anxiety, yet the mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Hence, we have investigated the relationship between TACR3 expression, anxiety, sex hormones, and synaptic plasticity in a rat model, which indicated that severe anxiety is linked to dampened TACR3 expression in the ventral hippocampus. TACR3 expression in female rats fluctuates during the estrous cycle, reflecting sensitivity to sex hormones. Indeed, in males, sexual development is associated with a substantial increase in hippocampal TACR3 expression, coinciding with elevated serum testosterone and a significant reduction in anxiety. TACR3 is predominantly expressed in the cell membrane, including the presynaptic compartment, and its modulation significantly influences synaptic activity. Inhibition of TACR3 activity provokes hyperactivation of CaMKII and enhanced AMPA receptor phosphorylation, associated with an increase in spine density. Using a multielectrode array, stronger cross-correlation of firing was evident among neurons following TACR3 inhibition, indicating enhanced connectivity. Deficient TACR3 activity in rats led to lower serum testosterone levels, as well as increased spine density and impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus. Remarkably, aberrant expression of functional TACR3 in spines results in spine shrinkage and pruning, while expression of defective TACR3 increases spine density, size, and the magnitude of cross-correlation. The firing pattern in response to LTP induction was inadequate in neurons expressing defective TACR3, which could be rectified by treatment with testosterone. In conclusion, our study provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between TACR3, sex hormones, anxiety, and synaptic plasticity. These findings highlight potential targets for therapeutic interventions to alleviate anxiety in individuals with TACR3 dysfunction and the implications of TACR3 in anxiety-related neural changes provide an avenue for future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Natalia Wojtas
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Departamento Biología Celular e Histología Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Marta Diaz-González
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Nadezhda Stavtseva
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yuval Shoam
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Poonam Verma
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Assaf Buberman
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Inbar Izhak
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aria Geva
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Roi Basch
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alberto Ouro
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- NeuroAging Group Laboratory (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Perez-Benitez
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Departamento Biología Celular e Histología Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Uri Levy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Erika Borcel
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ángel Nuñez
- Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesar Venero
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noa Rotem-Dai
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Isana Veksler-Lublinsky
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Shira Knafo
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Departamento Biología Celular e Histología Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain.
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Chen Z, Zhang E, Gan L, Jiang G, Duan Q, Huang M, Li H, Huang G. Analysis of the association between testosterone and cardiovascular disease potential risk factor apolipoprotein B in adult males without cancer: national health and nutrition examination survey 2011-2016. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1304344. [PMID: 38435750 PMCID: PMC10905265 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1304344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Over the years, there has been extensive exploration of the association between testosterone and lipid profiles, yet the precise mechanisms underlying their interaction remain incompletely elucidated. Similarly, there is a dearth of research on the correlation between serum apolipoprotein B (apoB) and serum total testosterone (TT), particularly within specific populations. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the relationship between serum TT concentration and serum apoB concentration. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2016, we employed weighted generalized linear models, weighted univariate, weighted multivariate analysis, and smooth curve fitting to assist in exploring the relationship between serum TT and apoB. Serum apoB concentration served as the independent variable, and serum TT concentration as the dependent variable. ApoB was divided into four quartiles-Q1 (<0.7g/L, N=691), Q2 (≥0.7g/L to <0.9g/L, N=710), Q3 (≥0.9g/L to <1.1g/L, N=696), and Q4 (≥1.1g/L, N=708)-thereby further solidifying the stable association between the two. Additionally, the application of smooth curve fitting will contribute to a more detailed elucidation of the specific relationship between serum TT concentration and serum apoB concentration under different factors (Drinking, Smoke, Diabetes, Hypertension, and High cholesterol level.). Results The results indicate a negative correlation between serum TT concentration and apoB concentration (β=-113.4; 95% CI: -146.6, -80.2; P<0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the negative correlation between apoB concentration and TT concentration remains significant (β=-61.0; 95% CI: -116.7, -5.2; P=0.040). When apoB concentration was converted from a continuous variable to a categorical variable (quartiles: Q1<0.7g/L; Q2:≥0.7g/L to<0.9g/L; Q3:≥0.9g/L to <1.1g/L; Q4: ≥1.1g/L), TT level of participants in the highest quartile (≥1.1g/L) was -47.2 pg/mL (95% CI: -91.2, -3.3; P=0.045) lower than that in the lowest quartile (<0.7g/L). The smooth curve fitting diagram revealed differences in the relationship between TT concentration and apoB among individuals with different cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Conclusions This study elucidates a robust inverse correlation between serum TT concentration and apoB concentration, maintaining statistical significance even upon adjustment for confounding factors. These findings present a promising avenue for addressing the prevention and treatment of low testosterone and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Enpu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ganggang Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qilin Duan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mou Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guixiao Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Oliveira VEDM, Evrard F, Faure MC, Bakker J. Social isolation and aggression training lead to escalated aggression and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis hyperfunction in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01808-3. [PMID: 38337026 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Although the participation of sex hormones and sex hormone-responsive neurons in aggressive behavior has been extensively studied, the role of other systems within the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis remains elusive. Here we assessed how the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and kisspeptin systems are impacted by escalated aggression in male mice. We used a combination of social isolation and aggression training (IST) to exacerbate mice's aggressive behavior. Next, low-aggressive (group-housed, GH) and highly aggressive (IST) mice were compared regarding neuronal activity in the target populations and hormonal levels, using immunohistochemistry and ELISA, respectively. Finally, we used pharmacological and viral approaches to manipulate neuropeptide signaling and expression, subsequently evaluating its effects on behavior. IST mice exhibited enhanced aggressive behavior compared to GH controls, which was accompanied by elevated neuronal activity in GnRH neurons and arcuate nucleus kisspeptin neurons. Remarkably, IST mice presented an increased number of kisspeptin neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV). In addition, IST mice exhibited elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum. Accordingly, activation and blockade of GnRH receptors (GnRHR) exacerbated and reduced aggression, respectively. Surprisingly, kisspeptin had intricate effects on aggression, i.e., viral ablation of AVPV-kisspeptin neurons impaired the training-induced rise in aggressive behavior whereas kisspeptin itself strongly reduced aggression in IST mice. Our results indicate that IST enhances aggressive behavior in male mice by exacerbating HPG-axis activity. Particularly, increased GnRH neuron activity and GnRHR signaling were found to underlie aggression whereas the relationship with kisspeptin remains puzzling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Elias de Moura Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium.
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Florence Evrard
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Melanie C Faure
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Julie Bakker
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium.
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15
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Xing D, Jin Y, Jin B. A narrative review on inflammaging and late-onset hypogonadism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1291389. [PMID: 38298378 PMCID: PMC10827931 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1291389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing life expectancy observed in recent years has resulted in a higher prevalence of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) in older men. LOH is characterized by the decline in testosterone levels and can have significant impacts on physical and mental health. While the underlying causes of LOH are not fully understood, there is a growing interest in exploring the role of inflammaging in its development. Inflammaging is a concept that describes the chronic, low-grade, systemic inflammation that occurs as a result of aging. This inflammatory state has been implicated in the development of various age-related diseases. Several cellular and molecular mechanisms have been identified as contributors to inflammaging, including immune senescence, cellular senescence, autophagy defects, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Despite the extensive research on inflammaging, its relationship with LOH has not yet been thoroughly reviewed in the literature. To address this gap, we aim to review the latest findings related to inflammaging and its impact on the development of LOH. Additionally, we will explore interventions that target inflammaging as potential treatments for LOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xing
- Medical College of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yihan Jin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baofang Jin
- Andrology Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Ruggiero-Ruff RE, Le BH, Villa PA, Lainez NM, Athul SW, Das P, Ellsworth BS, Coss D. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Identifies Pituitary Gland Changes in Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqad196. [PMID: 38146776 PMCID: PMC10791142 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. Obesity leads to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, as well as endocrine alterations, reproductive disorders, changes in basal metabolism, and stress hormone production, all of which are regulated by the pituitary. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of pituitary glands from male mice fed control and high-fat diet (HFD) to determine obesity-mediated changes in pituitary cell populations and gene expression. We determined that HFD exposure is associated with dramatic changes in somatotrope and lactotrope populations, by increasing the proportion of somatotropes and decreasing the proportion of lactotropes. Fractions of other hormone-producing cell populations remained unaffected. Gene expression changes demonstrated that in HFD, somatotropes became more metabolically active, with increased expression of genes associated with cellular respiration, and downregulation of genes and pathways associated with cholesterol biosynthesis. Despite a lack of changes in gonadotrope fraction, genes important in the regulation of gonadotropin hormone production were significantly downregulated. Corticotropes and thyrotropes were the least affected in HFD, while melanotropes exhibited reduced proportion. Lastly, we determined that changes in plasticity and gene expression were associated with changes in hormone levels. Serum prolactin was decreased corresponding to reduced lactotrope fraction, while lower luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone in the serum corresponded to a decrease in transcription and translation. Taken together, our study highlights diet-mediated changes in pituitary gland populations and gene expression that play a role in altered hormone levels in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Ruggiero-Ruff
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Brandon H Le
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Pedro A Villa
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Nancy M Lainez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Sandria W Athul
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Pratyusa Das
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Buffy S Ellsworth
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Djurdjica Coss
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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17
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Danga AK, Rath PC. Molecular cloning, expression and cellular localization of two long noncoding RNAs (mLINC-RBE and mLINC-RSAS) in the mouse testis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128106. [PMID: 37979740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcribed in complex, overlapping, sense- and antisense orientations from intronic and intergenic regions of mammalian genomes. Transcription of genome in mammalian testis is more widespread compared to other organs. LncRNAs are involved in gene expression, chromatin regulation, mRNA stability and translation of proteins during diverse cellular functions. We report molecular cloning of two novel lncRNAs (mLINC-RBE and mLINC-RSAS) and their expression by RT-PCR as well as cellular localization by RNA in-situ hybridization in the mouse testes. mLINC-RBE is an intergenic lncRNA from chromosome 4, with 16.96 % repeat sequences, expressed as a sense transcript with piRNA sequences and its expression is localized into primary spermatocytes. mLINC-RSAS is an intergenic lncRNA from chromosome 2, with 49.7 % repeat sequences, expressed as both sense- and antisense transcripts with miRNA sequences and its expression is localized into different cell types, such as Sertoli cells, primary spermatocytes and round spermatids. The lncRNAs also contain sequences for some short peptides (micropeptides). This suggests that these two repeat sequence containing, intergenic genomic sense- and antisense transcripts expressed as lncRNAs with piRNAs, miRNAs, and showing cell-type specific, differential expression may regulate important functions in mammalian testes. Such functions may be regulated by RNA structures, RNA processing and RNA-protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Danga
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pramod C Rath
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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18
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Ding Y, Jiang X, Sun L, Sha Y, Xu Z, Sohail A, Liu G. Multiple-Pathway Synergy Alters Steroidogenesis and Spermatogenesis in Response to an Immunocastration Vaccine in Goat. Cells 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 38201210 PMCID: PMC10778245 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal reproduction performance is crucial in husbandry. Immunocastrated animals serve as an ideal animal model for studying testicular function. During androgen suppression, the testis undergoes dramatic developmental and structural changes, including the inhibition of hormone secretion and spermatogenesis. METHODS To characterize this process, we investigated the effects of castration using a recombinant B2L and KISS1 DNA vaccine, and then identified functional genes in the testes of Yiling goats using RNA-seq and WGS. The experimental animals were divided into three groups: the PVAX-asd group (control), PBK-asd-immunized group, and surgically castrated group. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the administration of the recombinant PBK-asd vaccine in goats elicited a significant antibody response, and reduced serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), resulting in smaller scrotal circumferences and decreased sexual desire compared to the control group. In addition, RNA transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of the testes revealed that the biological processes after immunocastration mainly focused on the regulation of cell matrix adhesion, histone acetylation, negative regulation of developmental processes, apoptosis, and activation of the complement system and the thrombin cascade reaction system. Then, we integrated the whole-genome sequencing and testis transcriptome, and identified several candidate genes (FGF9, FST, KIT, TH, TCP1, PLEKHA1, TMEM119, ESR1, TIPARP, LEP) that influence steroidogenesis secretion and spermatogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Multiple pathways and polygenic co-expression participate in the response to castration vaccines, altering hormone secretion and spermatogenesis. Taken together, our atlas of the immunocastration goat testis provides multiple insights into the developmental changes and key factors accompanying androgen suppression, and thus may contribute to understanding the genetic mechanism of testis function. Joint analysis of whole genome sequencing and RNA-seq enables reliable screening of candidate genes, benefiting future genome-assisted breeding of goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory of Small Ruminant Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xunping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory of Small Ruminant Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory of Small Ruminant Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yiyu Sha
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory of Small Ruminant Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory of Small Ruminant Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ahmed Sohail
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory of Small Ruminant Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guiqiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory of Small Ruminant Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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19
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Daugherty S, Mulabagal V, Hayworth J, Akingbemi BT. Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Regulate Steroidogenesis in the Male Gonad. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad142. [PMID: 37767721 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in a variety of industrial processes and manufacturing of consumer products. Current efforts by the manufacturing industry will limit use of long-chain or legacy PFAS represented by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and replace with short-chain or emerging PFAS such as perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS). However, there is little to no information on the toxicity of new and emerging PFAS. Therefore, we performed experiments in growing Long-Evans male rats to investigate effects of low-dose prepubertal and pubertal exposures to PFAS on gonadal steroid hormone secretion. The results demonstrated that both legacy and emerging PFAS have the capacity to regulate testicular steroidogenesis. For instance, prepubertal exposures to PFOS, PFBA, and PFBS increased serum and testicular testosterone concentrations. Exposure to PFBA increased testicular 17β-estradiol (E2) concentrations, and PFOS and PFBS both decreased serum E2 concentrations while stimulating testicular E2 secretion. The data also demonstrated additive effects due to legacy and emerging PFAS mixtures compared with the individual chemicals. The gonadal effects due to PFAS exposures occurred at nanomolar concentrations, which approximate PFAS levels in the environment. Taken together, the present study supports the need for development of cost-effective and sustainable filtration media for different processes to remove PFAS from water and other sources of exposure. Current action by regulatory agencies such as the US Environmental Protection Agency to limit use of PFAS in the manufacture of consumer products will protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Daugherty
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn AL 36849, USA
| | - Vanisree Mulabagal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn AL 36849, USA
| | - Joel Hayworth
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn AL 36849, USA
| | - Benson T Akingbemi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn AL 36849, USA
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20
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Tseng YT, Schaefke B, Wei P, Wang L. Defensive responses: behaviour, the brain and the body. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:655-671. [PMID: 37730910 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00736-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Most animals live under constant threat from predators, and predation has been a major selective force in shaping animal behaviour. Nevertheless, defence responses against predatory threats need to be balanced against other adaptive behaviours such as foraging, mating and recovering from infection. This behavioural balance in ethologically relevant contexts requires adequate integration of internal and external signals in a complex interplay between the brain and the body. Despite this complexity, research has often considered defensive behaviour as entirely mediated by the brain processing threat-related information obtained via perception of the external environment. However, accumulating evidence suggests that the endocrine, immune, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems have important roles in modulating behavioural responses to threat. In this Review, we focus on how predatory threat defence responses are shaped by threat imminence and review the circuitry between subcortical brain regions involved in mediating defensive behaviours. Then, we discuss the intersection of peripheral systems involved in internal states related to infection, hunger and mating with the neurocircuits that underlie defence responses against predatory threat. Through this process, we aim to elucidate the interconnections between the brain and body as an integrated network that facilitates appropriate defensive responses to threat and to discuss the implications for future behavioural research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tseng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bernhard Schaefke
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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21
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Wu Z, Trabert B, Guillemette C, Caron P, Bradwin G, Graubard BI, Weiderpass E, Ursin G, Langseth H, McGlynn KA. Prediagnostic Hormone Levels and Risk of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: A Nested Case-Control Study in the Janus Serum Bank. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:1564-1571. [PMID: 37619591 PMCID: PMC10655159 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been hypothesized that poorly functioning Leydig and/or Sertoli cells of the testes, indicated by higher levels of serum gonadotropins and lower levels of androgens, are related to the development of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted a nested case-control study within the Janus Serum Bank cohort. METHODS Men who developed TGCT (n = 182) were matched to men who did not (n = 364). Sex steroid hormones were measured using LC/MS. Sex hormone binding globulin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were quantified by direct immunoassay. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between hormone levels and TGCT risk. RESULTS Higher FSH levels [tertile (T) 3 vs. T2: OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.83-4.57] were associated with TGCT risk, but higher LH levels were not (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.81-1.96). The only sex steroid hormone associated with risk was androstane-3α, 17β-diol-3G (3α-diol-3G; OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.46-3.83). Analysis by histology found that increased FSH levels were related to seminoma (OR = 3.55, 95% CI = 2.12-5.95) but not nonseminoma (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.38-3.13). Increased levels of 3α-diol-3G were related to seminoma (OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.35-3.89) and nonsignificantly related to nonseminoma (OR = 2.71, 95% CI = 0.82-8.92). CONCLUSIONS Higher FSH levels are consistent with the hypothesis that poorly functioning Sertoli cells are related to the development of TGCT. In contrast, higher levels of 3α-diol-3G do not support the hypothesis that insufficient androgenicity is related to risk of TGCT. IMPACT Clarifying the role of sex hormones in the development of TGCT may stimulate new research hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeni Wu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | | | | | - Barry I. Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Giske Ursin
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Langseth
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine A. McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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22
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Wang C, Yang C, Zeng Y, Zhang M. GnRH-immunocastration: an alternative method for male animal surgical castration. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1248879. [PMID: 38026623 PMCID: PMC10644813 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1248879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration of male animals is intended to produce high-enhance quality of animal meat, prevent unpleasant taste, reduce aggressive behavior, and manage overbreeding. Over the years, Tranditional methods of mechanical and surgical castration have been employed over the years, but they fall short of meeting animal welfare requirements due to the associated risk of infection, pain, and stress. Immunocastration, specifically Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-immunocastration, targeting the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis, has emerged as an animal-friendly alternative to surgical castration, effectively addressing these issues. This review seeks to systematically summarize the principles, development, current applications and challenges of GnRH-immunocastration, offering insights into its role in promoting animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cuiting Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutian Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Chen M, Duan C, Yin X, Li X, Liu X, Zhang L, Yue S, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Prolactin inhibitor changes testosterone production, testicular morphology, and related genes expression in cashmere goats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1249189. [PMID: 37954671 PMCID: PMC10637432 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1249189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolactin has multifaceted roles in lactation, growth, metabolism, osmoregulation, behavior, and the reproduction of animals. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of prolactin in testicular function in cashmere goats. Twenty cashmere goats were randomly assigned to either the control group (CON) or the bromocriptine treatment group (BCR, bromocriptine, prolactin inhibitor). Blood and testis samples collected for analysis after 30 days of treatment. The results indicated that, compared with the CON group, BCR significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the serum concentrations of prolactin, and significantly increased (p < 0.05) the levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) on day 30. The serum level of the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was not affected (p > 0.05) by the treatment. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter and spermatogenic epithelium thickness were increased (p < 0.05) in the BCR group. Subsequently, we performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to identify the key genes and pathways associated with the regulation of spermatogenesis or testosterone secretion function. A total of 142 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (91 were upregulated, 51 were downregulated). Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) revealed that the DEGs were mainly involved in the extracellular matrix (ECM), hippo, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, which are related to testicular function. The expression of the genes SULT2B1, CYP3A24, and CYP3A74 in the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the BCR group, which was validated by qRT-PCR. These results provide a basis for understanding the mechanisms underlying the regulation of testicular function by prolactin in cashmere goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Chunhui Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xuejiao Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xianglong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Lechao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Sicong Yue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Ndinguri M, Middleton L, Unrine J, Lui S, Rollins J, Nienaber E, Spease C, Williams A, Cormier L. Therapeutic dosing and targeting efficacy of Pt-Mal-LHRH towards triple negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287151. [PMID: 37816015 PMCID: PMC10564129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pt-Mal-LHRH is a newly synthesized chemotherapeutic agent that was designed to selectively target the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) receptor expressed by triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic dosing, tumor reduction efficacy, and selective distribution of Pt-Mal-LHRH in-vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS LHRH tissue expression levels in-vivo were investigated using western blotting and LHRH was found to be increased in reproductive tissues (mammary, ovary, uterus). Further, Pt-Mal-LHRH was found to have increased TNBC tumor tissue platinum accumulation compared to carboplatin by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis. The platinum family, compound carboplatin, was selected for comparison due to its similar chemical structure and molar equivalent doses were evaluated. Moreover, in-vivo distribution data indicated selective targeting of Pt-Mal-LHRH by enhanced reproductive tissue accumulation compared to carboplatin. Further, TNBC tumor growth was found to be significantly attenuated by Pt-Mal-LHRH compared to carboplatin in both the 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 tumor models. There was a significant reduction in tumor volume in the 4T1 tumor across Pt-Mal-LHRH doses (2.5-20 mg/kg/wk) and in the MDA-MB-231 tumor at the dose of 10 mg/kg/wk in models conducted by an independent contract testing laboratory. CONCLUSION Our data indicates Pt-Mal-LHRH is a targeting chemotherapeutic agent towards the LHRH receptor and reduces TNBC tumor growth in-vivo. This study supports drug conjugation design models using the LHRH hormone for chemotherapeutic delivery as Pt-Mal-LHRH was found to be a more selective and efficacious than carboplatin. Further examination of Pt-Mal-LHRH is warranted for its clinical use in TNBCs, along with, other reproductive cancers overexpressing the LHRH receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Ndinguri
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Lisa Middleton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Jason Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Shu Lui
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Joseph Rollins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Emma Nienaber
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Cassidy Spease
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Aggie Williams
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Lindsay Cormier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America
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Piau TB, de Queiroz Rodrigues A, Paulini F. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) performance in ovarian function and applications in reproductive biotechnologies. Growth Horm IGF Res 2023; 72-73:101561. [PMID: 38070331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2023.101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has attracted close attention. The activity of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) within the ovary has not been fully elucidated to date. These proteins bind to IGF with an equal, or greater, affinity than to the IGF1 receptor, thus being in the main position to regulate IGF signalling, in addition to extending the half-life of IGFs within the bloodstream and promoting IGF storage in specific tissue niches. IGF1 has an important part in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Considering the importance of IGFs in oocyte maturation, this review sought to elucidate aspects including: IGF production mechanisms; constituent members of their family and their respective functions; the role that these factors play during folliculogenesis, together with their functions during oocyte maturation and apoptosis, and their performance during luteal development. This review also explores the role of IGFs in biotechnological applications, focusing specifically on animal genetic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tathyana Benetis Piau
- University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Aline de Queiroz Rodrigues
- University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Paulini
- University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
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Poutanen M, Hagberg Thulin M, Härkönen P. Targeting sex steroid biosynthesis for breast and prostate cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00609-y. [PMID: 37684402 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00609-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Poutanen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- FICAN West Cancer Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Malin Hagberg Thulin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pirkko Härkönen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- FICAN West Cancer Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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27
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Zhao W, Adjei M, Zhang Z, Yuan Z, Cisang Z, Song T. The role of GnRH in Tibetan male sheep and goat reproduction. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1179-1187. [PMID: 37492901 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis connects the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads. The regulation of reproductive processes includes integrating various factors from structural functions and environmental conditions in the HPG axis, with the outcome indication of these processes being the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. These factors include feed consumption and nutritional condition, sex steroids, season/photoperiod, pheromones, age, and stress. GnRH pulsatile secretion affects the pattern of gonadotropin secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which then regulates both endocrine function and gamete maturation in the gonads. This regulates gonadotropins and testosterone (T) production. There is evidence that in males, GnRH participates in a variety of host behavioural and physiological processes such as the release of reproductive hormones, progression of spermatogenesis and sperm function, aggressive behaviour, and physiological metabolism. GnRH activates receptors expressed on Leydig cells and Sertoli cells, respectively to stimulate T secretion and spermatogenesis in the testis. Photoperiod affects the reproductive system of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis via rhythmic diurnal melatonin secretion. Increased release of melatonin promotes sexual activity, GnRH production, LH stimulation, and T production. This induces testicular functions, spermatogenesis, and puberty. GnRH reduces the release of LH by the pituitary through the cascade effect and decreases plasma concentration of T. Gut microbiota maintain sex steroid homeostasis and may induce reduction in reproduction productivity. Recently, findings of kisspeptin-neurokinin-dynorphin neuronal network in the brain have resulted in fast advances in how GnRH secretion is controlled. Emerging studies have also indicated that other neuropeptide analogues could be used in control reproduction procedures in various goat and sheep breeds. The Tibetan male sheep and goats reproduce on a seasonal basis and have high reproductive performance. This is a review for the role of GnRH in Tibetan male sheep and goats reproduction. This is intended to enhance reproductive knowledge for understanding the key roles of GnRH relating to male reproductive efficiency of Tibetan sheep or goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangsheng Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Michael Adjei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Zhenjie Yuan
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Zhuoma Cisang
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Tianzeng Song
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
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28
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Lin D, Chen Y, Liang L, Huang Z, Guo Y, Cai P, Wang W. Effects of exposure to the explosive and environmental pollutant 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene on ovarian follicle development in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:96412-96423. [PMID: 37567992 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29161-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Although 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a dangerous carcinogen in environmental pollution, information on the reproductive effects of TNT explosive contamination is limited. To explore the possible ovarian effects, TNT explosive-exposed rat models were established, and Wistar female rats were exposed to low and high TNT (40 g and 80 g, air and internal) explosives. After a month of exposure, the estrous cycle, ovarian histopathology, and follicle counting were conducted. Serum hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol were detected, and the mRNA and protein expression of steroidogenic enzymes were measured. The results showed that the diestrus phase duration was significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the high TNT-exposed groups. In addition, the proportions of preantral follicles were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the high TNT-exposed groups, as well as the proportions of atretic follicles. The serum estradiol levels were significantly (P < 0.05) increased, and the follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the high TNT-exposed groups. The mRNA levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (Star), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage (Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1 and Cyp19a1), hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3b (Hsd3b) and steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the TNT-exposed groups. The protein levels of Star, Cyp11a1 and Hsd3b were increased (P < 0.05) in the TNT-exposed groups. These results indicate that the exposure of rats to TNT explosive can subsequently affect ovarian follicle development, suggesting that the mechanism may involve disrupting steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yiqin Chen
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lisheng Liang
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zuxiong Huang
- Department of Hepatology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yiwei Guo
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ping Cai
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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29
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Stout MB, Vaughan KL, Isola JVV, Mann SN, Wellman B, Hoffman JM, Porter HL, Freeman WM, Mattison JA. Assessing tolerability and physiological responses to 17α-estradiol administration in male rhesus macaques. GeroScience 2023; 45:2337-2349. [PMID: 36897526 PMCID: PMC10651821 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
17α-estradiol has recently been shown to extend healthspan and lifespan in male mice through multiple mechanisms. These benefits occur in the absence of significant feminization or deleterious effects on reproductive function, which makes 17α-estradiol a candidate for translation into humans. However, human dosing paradigms for the treatment of aging and chronic disease are yet to be established. Therefore, the goals of the current studies were to assess tolerability of 17α-estradiol treatment, in addition to evaluating metabolic and endocrine responses in male rhesus macaque monkeys during a relatively short treatment period. We found that our dosing regimens (0.30 and 0.20 mg/kg/day) were tolerable as evidenced by a lack of GI distress, changes in blood chemistry or complete blood counts, and unaffected vital signs. We also found that the higher dose did elicit mild benefits on metabolic parameters including body mass, adiposity, and glycosylated hemoglobin. However, both of our 17α-estradiol trial doses elicited significant feminization to include testicular atrophy, increased circulating estrogens, and suppressed circulating androgens and gonadotropins. We suspect that the observed level of feminization results from a saturation of the endogenous conjugation enzymes, thereby promoting a greater concentration of unconjugated 17α-estradiol in serum, which has more biological activity. We also surmise that the elevated level of unconjugated 17α-estradiol was subjected to a greater degree of isomerization to 17β-estradiol, which is aligned with the sevenfold increase in serum 17β-estradiol in 17α-estradiol treated animals in our first trial. Future studies in monkeys, and certainly humans, would likely benefit from the development and implementation of 17α-estradiol transdermal patches, which are commonly prescribed in humans and would circumvent potential issues with bolus dosing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Stout
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, US.
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, US.
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street Chapman S212, 73104, Oklahoma City, OK, US.
| | - Kelli L Vaughan
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute On Aging, Dickerson, MD, US
| | - Jose V V Isola
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, US
| | - Shivani N Mann
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, US
| | - Bayli Wellman
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute On Aging, Dickerson, MD, US
| | - Jessica M Hoffman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, US
| | - Hunter L Porter
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, US
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, US
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, US
| | - Julie A Mattison
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute On Aging, Dickerson, MD, US.
- National Institute On Aging, 16701 Elmer School Road, Building 103, 20842, Dickerson, MD, US.
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30
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Isola JVV, Veiga GB, de Brito CRC, Alvarado-Rincón JA, Garcia DN, Zanini BM, Hense JD, Vieira AD, Garratt M, Gasperin BG, Schneider A, Stout MB. 17α-estradiol does not adversely affect sperm parameters or fertility in male mice: implications for reproduction-longevity trade-offs. GeroScience 2023; 45:2109-2120. [PMID: 35689785 PMCID: PMC10651587 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
17α-estradiol (17α-E2) is referred to as a nonfeminizing estrogen that was recently found to extend healthspan and lifespan in male, but not female, mice. Despite an abundance of data indicating that 17α-E2 attenuates several hallmarks of aging in male rodents, very little is known with regard to its effects on feminization and fertility. In these studies, we evaluated the effects of 17α-E2 on several markers of male reproductive health in two independent cohorts of mice. In alignment with our previous reports, chronic 17α-E2 treatment prevented gains in body mass, but did not adversely affect testes mass or seminiferous tubule morphology. We subsequently determined that chronic 17α-E2 treatment also did not alter plasma 17β-estradiol or estrone concentrations, while mildly increasing plasma testosterone levels. We also determined that chronic 17α-E2 treatment did not alter plasma follicle-stimulating hormone or luteinizing hormone concentrations, which suggests 17α-E2 treatment does not alter gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal function. Sperm quantity, morphology, membrane integrity, and various motility measures were also unaffected by chronic 17α-E2 treatment in our studies. Lastly, two different approaches were used to evaluate male fertility in these studies. We found that chronic 17α-E2 treatment did not diminish the ability of male mice to impregnate female mice, or to generate successfully implanted embryos in the uterus. We conclude that chronic treatment with 17α-E2 at the dose most commonly employed in aging research does not adversely affect reproductive fitness in male mice, which suggests 17α-E2 does not extend lifespan or curtail disease parameters through tradeoff effects with reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- José V V Isola
- Aging & Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Chapman S212, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel B Veiga
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Camila R C de Brito
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Joao A Alvarado-Rincón
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de La Salle, Campus Utopía, Yopal, Casanare, Colombia
| | - Driele N Garcia
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Bianka M Zanini
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica D Hense
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo D Vieira
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Garratt
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bernardo G Gasperin
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil.
| | - Michael B Stout
- Aging & Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Chapman S212, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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Shaban SF, Khattab MA, Abd El Hameed SH, Abdelrahman SA. Evaluating the histomorphological and biochemical changes induced by Tributyltin Chloride on pituitary-testicular axis of adult albino rats and the possible ameliorative role of hesperidin. Ultrastruct Pathol 2023; 47:304-323. [PMID: 36988127 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2023.2195489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to explore in detail the toxic effects of Tributyltin Chloride (TBT) on the pituitary-testicular axis and the possible amelioration with Hesperidin. Seventy-two adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: Control group (I), TBT-treated group (II), TBT+Hesperidin group (III), and Recovery group (IV). Body and testicular weights were measured. Blood samples were taken to estimate serum levels of testosterone, FSH and LH hormones by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was measured in testes homogenates. Tissue samples from the pituitary glands and testes were processed for light, electron microscope examination, and immunohistochemical detection of anti-FSH, and Ki67 proteins. Results showed a statistically significant decrease in testicular weight, serum testosterone, FSH and LH levels and a significant increase in tissue MDA in the TBT group when compared to the control group. TBT treatment caused severe histopathological changes with decreased area percent of PAS-stained basophils, and anti FSH immuno-stained gonadotrophs in the pituitary gland. The testes of group II also showed marked tissue damage, cell loss with decreased epithelial height and decreased number of proliferating spermatogenic cells. Hesperidin supplementation with TBT proved significant amelioration of the previously mentioned parameters in both glands which could improve male fertility. In conclusion: The flavonoid Hesperidin has the potential to protect against the reproductive damage induced by TBT in susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar F Shaban
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Maha A Khattab
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abd El Hameed
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A Abdelrahman
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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32
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Beekly BG, Rupp A, Burgess CR, Elias CF. Fast neurotransmitter identity of MCH neurons: Do contents depend on context? Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 70:101069. [PMID: 37149229 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons participate in many fundamental neuroendocrine processes. While some of their effects can be attributed to MCH itself, others appear to depend on co-released neurotransmitters. Historically, the subject of fast neurotransmitter co-release from MCH neurons has been contentious, with data to support MCH neurons releasing GABA, glutamate, both, and neither. Rather than assuming a position in that debate, this review considers the evidence for all sides and presents an alternative explanation: neurochemical identity, including classical neurotransmitter content, is subject to change. With an emphasis on the variability of experimental details, we posit that MCH neurons may release GABA and/or glutamate at different points according to environmental and contextual factors. Through the lens of the MCH system, we offer evidence that the field of neuroendocrinology would benefit from a more nuanced and dynamic interpretation of neurotransmitter identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Beekly
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Elizabeth W. Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - A Rupp
- Elizabeth W. Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - C R Burgess
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - C F Elias
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Elizabeth W. Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Furtado A, Costa D, Lemos MC, Cavaco JE, Santos CRA, Quintela T. The impact of biological clock and sex hormones on the risk of disease. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 137:39-81. [PMID: 37709381 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecular clocks are responsible for defining 24-h cycles of behaviour and physiology that are called circadian rhythms. Several structures and tissues are responsible for generating these circadian rhythms and are named circadian clocks. The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus is believed to be the master circadian clock receiving light input via the optic nerve and aligning internal rhythms with environmental cues. Studies using both in vivo and in vitro methodologies have reported the relationship between the molecular clock and sex hormones. The circadian system is directly responsible for controlling the synthesis of sex hormones and this synthesis varies according to the time of day and phase of the estrous cycle. Sex hormones also directly interact with the circadian system to regulate circadian gene expression, adjust biological processes, and even adjust their own synthesis. Several diseases have been linked with alterations in either the sex hormone background or the molecular clock. So, in this chapter we aim to summarize the current understanding of the relationship between the circadian system and sex hormones and their combined role in the onset of several related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Furtado
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Portugal
| | - Diana Costa
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Portugal
| | - Manuel C Lemos
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Portugal
| | - J Eduardo Cavaco
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Portugal
| | - Cecília R A Santos
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Portugal; UDI-IPG, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda, Portugal.
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Mourikes VE, Santacruz Márquez R, Deviney A, Neff AM, Laws MJ, Flaws JA. Imidacloprid and Its Bioactive Metabolite, Desnitro-Imidacloprid, Differentially Affect Ovarian Antral Follicle Growth, Morphology, and Hormone Synthesis In Vitro. TOXICS 2023; 11:349. [PMID: 37112576 PMCID: PMC10141062 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid pesticide used in large-scale agricultural systems, home gardens, and veterinary pharmaceuticals. Imidacloprid is a small molecule that is more water-soluble than other insecticides, increasing the likelihood of large-scale environmental accumulation and chronic exposure of non-targeted species. Imidacloprid can be converted to the bioactive metabolite desnitro-imidacloprid in the environment and body. Little is known about the mechanisms by which imidacloprid and desnitro-imidacloprid induce ovarian toxicity. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that imidacloprid and desnitro-imidacloprid differentially affect antral follicle growth and steroidogenesis in vitro. Antral follicles were dissected from the ovaries of CD-1 mice and cultured in media containing vehicle control or 0.2 µg/mL-200 µg/mL of imidacloprid or desnitro-imidacloprid for 96 h. Follicle morphology was monitored, and follicle size was measured every 24 h. At the end of the culture periods, media were used to quantify follicular hormone levels, and follicles were used for gene expression analysis of steroidogenic regulators, hormone receptors, and apoptotic factors. Imidacloprid did not affect follicle growth or morphology compared to the control. Desnitro-imidacloprid inhibited follicle growth and caused follicles to rupture in culture compared to the control. Imidacloprid increased progesterone, whereas desnitro-imidacloprid decreased testosterone and progesterone compared to the control. Desnitro-imidacloprid also changed estradiol compared to the control. At 48 h, IMI decreased the expression of Star, Cyp17a1, Hsd17b1, Cyp19a1, and Esr2 and increased the expression of Cyp11a1, Cyp19a1, Bax, and Bcl2 compared to the control. IMI also changed the expression of Esr1 compared to the control. At 48 h, DNI decreased the expression of Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, Hsd3b1, Cyp19a1, and Esr1 and increased the expression of Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, and Bax compared to the control. At 72 h of culture, IMI significantly decreased the expression of Cyp19a1 and increased the expression of Star and Hsd17b1 compared to the control. At 72 h, DNI significantly decreased the expression of Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, Hsd3b1, and Bax and increased the expression of Esr1 and Esr2. At 96 h, IMI decreased the expression of Hsd3b1, Cyp19a1, Esr1, Bax, and Bcl2 compared to the control. At 96 h, DNI decreased the expression of Cyp17a1, Bax, and Bcl2 and increased the expression of Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, and Bax compared to the control. Together, these data suggest mouse antral follicles are targets of neonicotinoid toxicity, and the mechanisms of toxicity differ between parent compounds and metabolites.
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Owumi SE, Adebisi GE, Odunola OA. Epirubicin toxicity in rat's ovary and uterus: A protective role of 3-Indolepropionic acid supplementation. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 374:110414. [PMID: 36822302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The "anthracycline, Epirubicin (EPI)," in managing breast cancer, is highly cytotoxic. Tryptophan-derived 3-indolepropionic acid (3-IPA) decreases oxidative damage, and its prospect of alleviating EPI-induced cytotoxicity was examined in rats' hypothalamus-ovary-uterus axis. Female rats: Control, EPI (2.5 mg/kg), 3-IPA alone (40 mg/kg), EPI+3-IPA (2.5 mg/kg + 20 mg/kg), EPI + 3-IPA2 (2.5 mg/kg + 40 mg/kg) were treated for 28 days. Subsequently, reproductive hormones, oxidative and inflammatory stress biomarkers, and tissue histology were examined. 3-IPA prevented EPI-induced decreases in the follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, progesterone and prolactin levels. EPI-mediated reduction in antioxidant enzymes, reduced glutathione and total sulfhydryl groups were partially counteracted by 3-IPA co-treatment. Increased oxidative and inflammatory stress biomarkers caused by treatment with EPI alone were lessened by 3-IPA co-treatment. Also, 3-IPA reduced histological damage in the examined tissues. Conclusively, 3-IPA ameliorated biochemical markers and tissue injury caused by EPI treatment alone via an antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanism while stabilising serum hormone dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, 200004, Nigeria.
| | - Grace E Adebisi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, 200004, Nigeria
| | - Oyeronke A Odunola
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, 200004, Nigeria
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Wang T, Zhao G, Yu S, Zheng Y, Guo H, Wang H, Zhao P, Xie W, Ren W, Yuan B. Sequencing of the Pituitary Transcriptome after GnRH Treatment Uncovers the Involvement of lncRNA-m23b/miR-23b-3p/CAMK2D in FSH Synthesis and Secretion. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040846. [PMID: 37107604 PMCID: PMC10137480 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The pituitary gland is a key participant in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, as it secretes a variety of hormones and plays an important role in mammalian reproduction. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone(GnRH) signaling molecules can bind to GnRH receptors on the surfaces of adenohypophysis gonadotropin cells and regulate the expression of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH) through various pathways. An increasing number of studies have shown that noncoding RNAs mediate the regulation of GnRH signaling molecules in the adenohypophysis. However, the expression changes and underlying mechanisms of genes and noncoding RNAs in the adenohypophysis under the action of GnRH remain unclear. In the present study, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of the rat adenohypophysis before and after GnRH treatment to identify differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs. We found 385 mRNAs, 704 lncRNAs, and 20 miRNAs that were significantly differentially expressed in the rat adenohypophysis. Then, we used a software to predict the regulatory roles of lncRNAs as molecular sponges that compete with mRNAs to bind miRNAs, and construct a GnRH-mediated ceRNA regulatory network. Finally, we enriched the differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNA target genes, and ceRNA regulatory networks to analyze their potential roles. Based on the sequencing results, we verified that GnRH could affect FSH synthesis and secretion by promoting the competitive binding of lncRNA-m23b to miR-23b-3p to regulate the expression of Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase II Delta(CAMK2D). Our findings provide strong data to support exploration of the physiological processes in the rat adenohypophysis under the action of GnRH. Furthermore, our profile of lncRNA expression in the rat adenohypophysis provides a theoretical basis for research on the roles of lncRNAs in the adenohypophysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Guokun Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Song Yu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haixiang Guo
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haoqi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Peisen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wenyin Xie
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wenzhi Ren
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Correspondence: (W.R.); (B.Y.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6562 (W.R.); +86-431-8783-6536 (B.Y.)
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Correspondence: (W.R.); (B.Y.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6562 (W.R.); +86-431-8783-6536 (B.Y.)
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Matuszewska A, Kowalski K, Jawień P, Tomkalski T, Gaweł-Dąbrowska D, Merwid-Ląd A, Szeląg E, Błaszczak K, Wiatrak B, Danielewski M, Piasny J, Szeląg A. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Men with Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076492. [PMID: 37047464 PMCID: PMC10094807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with a chronic, progressive course. The etiology of this condition is linked to the interactions of multiple genes and environmental factors. The earlier age of onset of schizophrenia, the higher frequency of negative symptoms in the clinical presentation, and the poorer response to antipsychotic treatment in men compared to women suggests the involvement of sex hormones in these processes. This article aims to draw attention to the possible relationship between testosterone and some clinical features in male schizophrenic patients and discuss the complex nature of these phenomena based on data from the literature. PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched to select the papers without limiting the time of the publications. Hormone levels in the body are regulated by many organs and systems, and take place through the neuroendocrine, hormonal, neural, and metabolic pathways. Sex hormones play an important role in the development and function of the organism. Besides their impact on secondary sex characteristics, they influence brain development and function, mood, and cognition. In men with schizophrenia, altered testosterone levels were noted. In many cases, evidence from available single studies gave contradictory results. However, it seems that the testosterone level in men affected by schizophrenia may differ depending on the phase of the disease, types of clinical symptoms, and administered therapy. The etiology of testosterone level disturbances may be very complex. Besides the impact of the illness (schizophrenia), stress, and antipsychotic drug-induced hyperprolactinemia, testosterone levels may be influenced by, i.a., obesity, substances of abuse (e.g., ethanol), or liver damage.
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Li Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li D, Chen H. Advances in circadian clock regulation of reproduction. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 137:83-133. [PMID: 37709382 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock is an endogenously regulated oscillator that is synchronized with solar time and cycle within a 24-h period. The circadian clock exists not only in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, a central pacemaker of the circadian clock system, but also in numerous peripheral tissues known as peripheral circadian oscillators. The SCN and peripheral circadian oscillators mutually orchestrate the diurnal rhythms of various physiological and behavioral processes in a hierarchical manner. In the past two decades, peripheral circadian oscillators have been identified and their function has been determined in the mammalian reproductive system and its related endocrine glands, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries, testes, uterus, mammary glands, and prostate gland. Increasing evidence indicates that both the SCN and peripheral circadian oscillators play discrete roles in coordinating reproductive processes and optimizing fertility in mammals. The present study reviews recent evidence on circadian clock regulation of reproductive function in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and reproductive system. Additionally, we elucidate the effects of chronodisruption (as a result of, for example, shift work, jet lag, disrupted eating patterns, and sleep disorders) on mammalian reproductive performance from multiple aspects. Finally, we propose potential behavioral changes or pharmaceutical strategies for the prevention and treatment of reproductive disorders from the perspective of chronomedicine. Conclusively, this review will outline recent evidence on circadian clock regulation of reproduction, providing novel perspectives on the role of the circadian clock in maintaining normal reproductive functions and in diseases that negatively affect fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Haisen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
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Wang T, Wang HQ, Yuan B, Zhao GK, Ma YR, Zhao PS, Xie WY, Gao F, Gao W, Ren WZ. Integrative Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics Analysis of the Rat Adenohypophysis after GnRH Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043339. [PMID: 36834752 PMCID: PMC9961725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of mammalian reproductive activity is tightly dependent on the HPG axis crosstalk, in which several reproductive hormones play important roles. Among them, the physiological functions of gonadotropins are gradually being uncovered. However, the mechanisms by which GnRH regulates FSH synthesis and secretion still need to be more extensively and deeply explored. With the gradual completion of the human genome project, proteomes have become extremely important in the fields of human disease and biological process research. To explore the changes of protein and protein phosphorylation modifications in the adenohypophysis after GnRH stimulation, proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses of rat adenohypophysis after GnRH treatment were performed by using TMT markers, HPLC classification, LC/MS, and bioinformatics analysis in this study. A total of 6762 proteins and 15,379 phosphorylation sites contained quantitative information. Twenty-eight upregulated proteins and fifty-three downregulated proteins were obtained in the rat adenohypophysis after GnRH treatment. The 323 upregulated phosphorylation sites and 677 downregulated phosphorylation sites found in the phosphoproteomics implied that a large number of phosphorylation modifications were regulated by GnRH and were involved in FSH synthesis and secretion. These data constitute a protein-protein phosphorylation map in the regulatory mechanism of "GnRH-FSH," which provides a basis for future studies on the complex molecular mechanisms of FSH synthesis and secretion. The results will be helpful for understanding the role of GnRH in the development and reproduction regulated by the pituitary proteome in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Gao
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (W.-Z.R.)
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40
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Ikeji CN, Adedara IA, Farombi EO. Dietary myricetin assuages atrazine-mediated hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis dysfunction in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:15655-15670. [PMID: 36169847 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) exposure is associated with reproductive dysfunction in both animals and humans. Myricetin, a flavonoid compound, is well documented for its numerous pharmacological activities. However, the impact of myricetin on the atrazine-mediated dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis is not known. This study investigated the role of myricetin on the atrazine-induced alterations in the male reproductive axis in rats orally gavaged with ATZ alone (50 mg/kg) or co-treated with ATZ + myricetin (MYR) at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg for 30 consecutive days. Myricetin assuaged ATZ-induced reductions in intra-testicular testosterone, serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone, coupled with decreases in alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities. Also, MYR treatment improved epididymal sperm count and motility and decreased sperm defects in ATZ-treated rats. Testicular sperm number, daily sperm production, and sperm viability remained unchanged in all treatment groups. Administration of MYR abated ATZ-mediated depletion in antioxidant status, an increase in myeloperoxidase activity, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde levels, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as the histological lesions in the hypothalamus, epididymis, and testes of treated animals. All in all, MYR mitigated atrazine-mediated functional changes in the reproductive axis via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in atrazine-exposed rats. Dietary intake of MYR could be a worthy chemoprotective approach against reproductive dysfunction related to ATZ exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia N Ikeji
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Astuto MC, Benford D, Bodin L, Cattaneo I, Halldorsson T, Schlatter J, Sharpe RM, Tarazona J, Younes M. Applying the adverse outcome pathway concept for assessing non-monotonic dose responses: biphasic effect of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on testosterone levels. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:313-327. [PMID: 36336711 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Male reproduction is one of the primary health endpoints identified in rodent studies for some phthalates, such as DEHP (Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate), DBP (Dibutyl phthalate), and BBP (Benzyl butyl phthalate). The reduction in testosterone level was used as an intermediate key event for grouping some phthalates and to establish a reference point for risk assessment. Phthalates, and specifically DEHP, are one of the chemicals for which the greatest number of non-monotonic dose responses (NMDRs) are observed. These NMDRs cover different endpoints and situations, often including testosterone levels. The presence of NMDR has been the subject of some debate within the area of chemical risk assessment, which is traditionally anchored around driving health-based guidance values for apical endpoints that typically follow a clear monotonic dose-response. The consequence of NMDR for chemical risk assessment has recently received considerable attention amongst regulatory agencies, which confirmed its relevance particularly for receptor-mediated effects. The present review explores the relationship between DEHP exposure and testosterone levels, investigating the biological plausibility of the observed NMDRs. The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) concept is applied to integrate NMDRs into Key Event Relationships (KERs) for exploring a mechanistic understanding of initial key events and possibly associated reproductive and non-reproductive adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Astuto
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy.
| | - D Benford
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy
| | - L Bodin
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy
| | - I Cattaneo
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy
| | - T Halldorsson
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy.,Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - J Schlatter
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy
| | - R M Sharpe
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy
| | - J Tarazona
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy
| | - M Younes
- European Food Safety Authority, Methodology and Scientific Support Unit and Working Group on Non-Monotonic Dose Responses, Parma, Italy
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Li Y, Peng Q, Shang J, Dong W, Wu S, Guo X, Xie Z, Chen C. The role of taurine in male reproduction: Physiology, pathology and toxicology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1017886. [PMID: 36742382 PMCID: PMC9889556 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1017886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Taurine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, has a wide range of biological effects, such as bile salt formation, osmotic regulation, oxidative stress inhibition, immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Taurine has been proved to be synthesized and abundant in male reproductive organs. Recently, accumulating data showed that taurine has a potential protective effect on reproductive function of male animals. In physiology, taurine can promote the endocrine function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis, testicular tissue development, spermatogenesis and maturation, delay the aging of testicular structure and function, maintain the homeostasis of the testicular environment, and enhance sexual ability. In pathology, taurine supplement may be beneficial to alleviate pathological damage of male reproductive system, including oxidative damage of sperm preservation in vitro, testicular reperfusion injury and diabetes -induced reproductive complications. In addition, taurine acts as a protective agent against toxic damage to the male reproductive system by exogenous substances (e.g., therapeutic drugs, environmental pollutants, radiation). Related mechanisms include reduced oxidative stress, increased antioxidant capacity, inhibited inflammation and apoptosis, restored the secretory activity of the HPT axis, reduced chromosomal variation, enhanced sperm mitochondrial energy metabolism, cell membrane stabilization effect, etc. Therefore, this article reviewed the protective effect of taurine on male reproductive function and its detailed mechanism, in order to provide reference for further research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Qianwen Peng
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Jia Shang
- Arts Department, School of Kaifeng Culture and Tourism, Henan, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wanglin Dong
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiajun Guo
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Zhenxing Xie
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Henan, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenxing Xie, ; Chaoran Chen,
| | - Chaoran Chen
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenxing Xie, ; Chaoran Chen,
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Yu Y, Zhang D, Xu J, Zhang D, Yang L, Xia R, Wang SL. Adolescence is a sensitive period for acrylamide-induced sex hormone disruption: Evidence from NHANES populations and experimental mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114413. [PMID: 36516620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) is widely contaminated in environment and diet. However, the association of AA and sex hormones has rarely been investigated, especially in adolescents, a period of particular susceptibility to sex hormone disruption. In this study, survey-weighted multivariate linear regression models were conducted to determine the association between AA Hb biomarkers [HbAA and glycidamide (HbGA)] and sex hormones [total testosterone (TT) and estradiol (E2)] in a total of 3268 subjects from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016 waves. Additionally, adult and pubertal mice were treated with AA to assess the effect of AA on sex hormones and to explore the potential mechanisms. Among all the subjects, significant negative patterns for HbGA and sex hormones were identified only in youths (6-19 years old), with the lowest β being - 0.53 (95% CI: -0.80 to -0.26) for TT in males and - 0.58 (95% CI: -0.93 to -0.23) for E2 in females. Stratified analysis further revealed significant negative associations between HbGA and sex hormones in adolescents, with the lowest β being - 0.58 (95% CI: -1.02 to -0.14) for TT in males and - 0.54 (95% CI: -1.03 to -0.04) for E2 in females, while there were no significant differences between children or late adolescents. In mice, the levels of TT and E2 were dramatically reduced in AA-treated pubertal mice but not in adult mice. AA disturbed the expression of genes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, induced apoptosis of hypothalamus-produced gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the hypothalamus and reduced serum and hypothalamic GnRH levels in pubertal mice. Our study indicates AA could reduce TT and E2 levels by injuring GnRH neurons and disrupting the HPG axis in puberty, which manifested as severe endocrine disruption on adolescents. Our findings reinforce the idea that adolescence is a vulnerable stage in AA-induced sex hormone disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Daiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shou-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Mørup N, Stakaitis R, Main AM, Golubickaite I, Hagen CP, Juul A, Almstrup K. Circulating levels and the bioactivity of miR-30b increase during pubertal progression in boys. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1120115. [PMID: 36742409 PMCID: PMC9893272 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1120115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Puberty marks the transition from childhood to adulthood and is initiated by activation of a pulsatile GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus. MKRN3 functions as a pre-pubertal break on the GnRH pulse generator and hypothalamic expression and circulating levels of MKRN3 decrease peri-pubertally. In rodents, microRNA miR-30b seems to directly target hypothalamic MKRN3 expression - and in boys, circulating levels of miR-30b-5p increase when puberty is pharmacologically induced. Similarly, miR-200b-3p and miR-155-5p have been suggested to inhibit expression of other proteins potentially involved in the regulation of GnRH secretion. Here we measure circulating levels of these three miRNAs as boys progress through puberty. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-six boys from the longitudinal part of the Copenhagen Puberty Study were included. All boys underwent successive clinical examinations including estimation of testis size by palpation. miR-30b-5p, miR-200b-3p, and miR-155-5p were measured in serum by RT-qPCR using a kit sensitive to the phosphorylation status of the miRNAs. Thirty-nine boys had miRNA levels measured in three consecutive samples (pre-, peri-, and post-pubertally) and seven boys had miR-30b-5p levels measured in ten consecutive samples during the pubertal transition. RESULTS When circulating levels of miR-30b-5p in pre- and peri-pubertal samples were compared with post-pubertal levels, we observed a significant increase of 2.3 and 2.2-fold (p-value<6.0×10-4), respectively, and a larger fraction of miR-30b-5p appeared to be phosphorylated post-pubertally indicating an increase in its bioactivity. We also observed a negative correlation between circulating levels of miR-30b-5p and MKRN3. The inter-individual variation in circulating miR-30b levels was substantial and we could not define a clinical threshold for miR-30b-5p suggestive of imminent puberty. Also, miR-155-5p showed significantly increasing levels from the peri- to the post-pubertal stage (p=3.0×10-3), whereas miR-200b-3p did not consistently increase. CONCLUSION Both circulating levels of miR-30b-5p and its bioactivity increase during the pubertal transition in boys supporting its role in the activation of the HPG axis at the onset of physiologically normal puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mørup
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Nina Mørup, ; Kristian Almstrup,
| | - Rytis Stakaitis
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Laboratory of Molecular Neurooncology, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ailsa Maria Main
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ieva Golubickaite
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Casper P. Hagen
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Almstrup
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Nina Mørup, ; Kristian Almstrup,
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Xie Y, Xiao K, Cai T, Shi X, Zhou L, Du H, Yang J, Hu G. Neuropeptides and hormones in hypothalamus-pituitary axis of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 330:114135. [PMID: 36181879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamus and pituitary serve as important neuroendocrine center, which is able to secrete a variety of neuropeptides and hormones to participate in the regulation of reproduction, growth, stress and feeding in fish. Chinese sturgeon is a basal vertebrate lineage fish with a special evolutionary status, but the information on its neuroendocrine system is relatively scarce. Using the transcriptome data on the hypothalamus-pituitary axis of Chinese sturgeon as reference, we found out 46 hypothalamus neuropeptide genes, which were involved in regulation of reproduction, growth, stress and feeding. The results of sequence alignment showed that the neuroendocrine system of Chinese sturgeon evolves slowly, which confirms that Chinese sturgeon is a species with a slow phenotypic evolution rate. In addition, we also isolated six pituitary hormones genes from Chinese sturgeon, including reproductive hormones: follicle-stimulating homone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), growth-related hormones: growth hormone (GH)/prolactin (PRL)/somatolactin (SL), and stress-related hormone gene: proopiomelanocortin (POMC). Similar to teleost, immunostaining localization analysis in Chinese sturgeon pituitary showed that LH and FSH were located in the pituitary proximal pars distalis, SL was located in the pituitary rostral pars distalis, and POMC was located in the pituitary pars intermedia and pituitary rostral pars distalis. This study will give a contribution to enrich our information on the neuroendocrine system in Chinese sturgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Xie
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Kan Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China; Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Tianyi Cai
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Hejun Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China; Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China; Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Guangfu Hu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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Wang X, Guo X, He X, Di R, Zhang X, Zhang J, Chu M. Integrated Proteotranscriptomics of the Hypothalamus Reveals Altered Regulation Associated with the FecB Mutation in the BMPR1B Gene That Affects Prolificacy in Small Tail Han Sheep. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:biology12010072. [PMID: 36671764 PMCID: PMC9856028 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The litter size and ovulation rate are different among ewes of different FecB genotypes in Small Tail Han sheep. These variants in reproductive phenotypes may be regulated by hormones released by the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. However, there have been few reports on the hypothalamus regarding regulating an increase in ovulation in sheep with FecB mutation at different estrous stages. Thus, we examined the abundance of hypothalamus tissue protein profiles of six FecB mutant homozygous (BB) and six wild-type (WW) ewes at the luteal and follicular phases. We determined this abundance by tandem mass tag-based quantitative analysis and parallel reaction monitoring methods. Furthermore, an integrated proteotranscriptomic analysis was performed by the Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using the latent variable approaches for Omics studies (DIABLO) framework to examine biological processes and pathway alterations by the FecB mutant. The abundance of 154 proteins was different between the two estrous stages. Growth hormone and prolactin were particularly enriched in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, the prolactin signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway which are related to hypothalamic function and reproduction. We combined proteome and transcriptome data from different estrous stages and genotypes. There is a high correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.99) between the two datasets in the first two components. We applied the traditional single-omic multivariate approach to obtain differentially abundant proteins and differentially expressed genes. The major fertility related biomarkers were selected using the two approaches mentioned above. Several key pathways (GABAergic synapse, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, estrogen and MAPK signaling pathways) were enriched, which are central to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and reproduction. A higher level of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1 (GABRA1) and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit beta2 (GABRB2) expression was observed in BB ewes as compared to WW ewes. This finding suggested that a greater production of GnRH during follicular development in BB ewes may explain the higher mature follicle number in mutant ewes. FKBP prolyl isomerase 1A (FKBP1A), which was a major feature factor in the proteome selected by DIABLO, was an important switch for activating the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway, and its expression was higher in the WW ewes than in the BB ewes. We suggest that BB sheep maintain TGFβ pathway activity by reducing FKBP1A protein abundance. This innovative data integration in the hypothalamus may provide fresh insight into the mechanisms by which the FecB mutation affects sheep fertility, while providing novel biomarkers related to reproductive endocrinology in sheep breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-62819850
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Identification of the Role of TGR5 in the Regulation of Leydig Cell Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315398. [PMID: 36499726 PMCID: PMC9738292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the regulation of the testicular endocrine function leading to testosterone production is a major objective as the alteration of endocrine function is associated with the development of many diseases such as infertility. In the last decades, it has been demonstrated that several endogenous molecules regulate the steroidogenic pathway. Among them, bile acids have recently emerged as local regulators of testicular physiology and particularly endocrine function. Bile acids act through the nuclear receptor FXRα (Farnesoid-X-receptor alpha; NR1H4) and the G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor (GPBAR-1; TGR5). While FXRα has been demonstrated to regulate testosterone synthesis within Leydig cells, no data are available regarding TGR5. Here, we investigated the potential role of TGR5 within Leydig cells using cell culture approaches combined with pharmacological exposure to the TGR5 agonist INT-777. The data show that activation of TGR5 results in a decrease in testosterone levels. TGR5 acts through the PKA pathway to regulate steroidogenesis. In addition, our data show that TGR5 activation leads to an increase in cholesterol ester levels. This suggests that altered lipid homeostasis may be a mechanism explaining the TGR5-induced decrease in testosterone levels. In conclusion, the present work highlights the impact of the TGR5 signaling pathway on testosterone production and reinforces the links between bile acid signaling pathways and the testicular endocrine function. The testicular bile acid pathways need to be further explored to increase our knowledge of pathologies associated with impaired testicular endocrine function, such as fertility disorders.
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Hauger RL, Saelzler UG, Pagadala MS, Panizzon MS. The role of testosterone, the androgen receptor, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in depression in ageing Men. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:1259-1273. [PMID: 36418656 PMCID: PMC9789012 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Considerable research has shown that testosterone regulates many physiological systems, modulates clinical disorders, and contributes to health outcome. However, studies on the interaction of testosterone levels with depression and the antidepressant effect of testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadal men with depression have been inconclusive. Current findings indicate that low circulating levels of total testosterone meeting stringent clinical criteria for hypogonadism and testosterone deficiency induced by androgen deprivation therapy are associated with increased risk for depression and current depressive symptoms. The benefits of testosterone replacement therapy in men with major depressive disorder and low testosterone levels in the clinically defined hypogonadal range remain uncertain and require further investigation. Important considerations going forward are that major depressive disorder is a heterogeneous phenotype with depressed individuals differing in inherited polygenic determinants, onset and clinical course, symptom complexes, and comorbidities that contribute to potential multifactorial differences in pathophysiology. Furthermore, polygenic mechanisms are likely to be critical to the biological heterogeneity that influences testosterone-depression interactions. A genetically informed precision medicine approach using genes regulating testosterone levels and androgen receptor sensitivity will likely be essential in gaining critical insight into the role of testosterone in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Hauger
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Ursula G Saelzler
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Meghana S Pagadala
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Biomedical Science Program, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Wang Y, Peng X, Zhou Z, Tang C, Liu W. Effects of Bushen Yiyuan recipe on testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells of rats with exercise-induced low serum testosterone levels. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:1670-1678. [PMID: 36063102 PMCID: PMC9448381 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2110126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bushen Yiyuan recipe (BYR) is an effective Chinese prescription with antifatigue and antioxidation effects. OBJECTIVE The effects of BYR on testosterone synthesis in rat Leydig cells with exercise-induced low serum testosterone levels (EILST) are assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were chronically trained for 6 weeks to establish an EILST model. EILST rats were divided into model (physiological saline), EFE (700 mg/kg ethanol extract of Epimedii folium, the dried leaves of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim [Berberidaceae]), and BYR groups (350 and 700 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Expression of HMG-CoA, LDL-R, SR-BI, STAR and CYP11A1 were quantified by RT qPCR and Western blots. RESULTS Compared with the model group (115.52 ± 13.05 μg/dL; 67.83 ± 14.29; 0.32 ± 0.04; 0.33 ± 0.02; 0.38 ± 0.01), serum testosterone, testosterone/cortisol ratio, HMG-CoA, STAR and CYP11A1 relative protein expression significantly increased in low-dose BYR (210.60 ± 5.08 μg/dL; 119.38 ± 13.02; 0.47 ± 0.01; 0.46 ± 0.03; 0.46 ± 0.02), high-dose BYR (220.57 ± 14.71 μg/dL; 124.26 ± 14.79; 0.49 ± 0.02; 0.42 ± 0.03; 0.51 ± 0.02), and EFE groups (206.83 ± 5.54 μg/dL; 119.53 ± 25.04; 0.45 ± 0.02; 0.42 ± 0.02; 0.41 ± 0.02) (all p < 0.01, except for CYP11A1 in EFE group). HMG-CoA, STAR and CYP11A1 mRNA relative expression significantly increased in low-dose and high-dose BYR group compared to model group (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS BYR affects endogenous cholesterol synthesis and testosterone synthesis to prevent and treat EILST levels in rats. It can improve the body's sports ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Sports Vocational College, Changsha, China
| | - Xiyang Peng
- Institute of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihong Zhou
- Hunan Sports Vocational College, Changsha, China
| | - Changfa Tang
- Institute of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- Institute of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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50
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Lu L, Liu JB, Wang JQ, Lian CY, Wang ZY, Wang L. Glyphosate-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species overproduction activates parkin-dependent mitophagy to inhibit testosterone synthesis in mouse leydig cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120314. [PMID: 36183875 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY), one of the most extensively used herbicides in the world, has been shown to inhibit testosterone synthesis in male animals. Mitochondria are crucial organelles for testosterone synthesis and its dysfunction has been demonstrated to induce the inhibition of testosterone biosynthesis. However, whether low-dose GLY exposure targets mitochondria to inhibit testosterone synthesis and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, an in vitro model of 10 μM GLY-exposed mouse Leydig (TM3) cells was established to elucidate this issue. Data firstly showed that mitochondrial malfunction, mainly manifested by ultrastructure damage, disturbance of mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) overproduction, was responsible for GLY-decreased protein levels of steroidogenic enzymes, which leads to the inhibition of testosterone synthesis. Enhancement of autophagic flux and activation of mitophagy were shown in GLY-treated TM3 cells, and further studies have revealed that GLY-activated mitophagy is parkin-dependent. Notably, GLY-inhibited testosterone production was significantly improved by parkin knockdown. Finally, data showed that treatment with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO (M-T) markedly reversed GLY-induced mitochondrial network fragmentation, activation of parkin-dependent mitophagy and consultant testosterone reduction. Overall, these findings demonstrate that GLY induces mtROS overproduction to activate parkin-dependent mitophagy, which contributes to the inhibition of testosterone synthesis. This study provides a potential mechanistic explanation for how GLY inhibits testosterone synthesis in mouse Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Jing-Bo Liu
- College of Biological and Brewing Engineering, Taishan University, 525 Dongyue Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Jin-Qiu Wang
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, 102442, China
| | - Cai-Yu Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
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