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Lyu X, Duong MT, Xie L, de Flores R, Richardson H, Hwang G, Wisse LEM, DiCalogero M, McMillan CT, Robinson JL, Xie SX, Lee EB, Irwin DJ, Dickerson BC, Davatzikos C, Nasrallah IM, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA, Das SR. Tau-neurodegeneration mismatch reveals vulnerability and resilience to comorbidities in Alzheimer's continuum. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1586-1600. [PMID: 38050662 PMCID: PMC10984442 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Variability in relationship of tau-based neurofibrillary tangles (T) and neurodegeneration (N) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) arises from non-specific nature of N, modulated by non-AD co-pathologies, age-related changes, and resilience factors. METHODS We used regional T-N residual patterns to partition 184 patients within the Alzheimer's continuum into data-driven groups. These were compared with groups from 159 non-AD (amyloid "negative") patients partitioned using cortical thickness, and groups in 98 patients with ante mortem MRI and post mortem tissue for measuring N and T, respectively. We applied the initial T-N residual model to classify 71 patients in an independent cohort into predefined groups. RESULTS AD groups displayed spatial T-N mismatch patterns resembling neurodegeneration patterns in non-AD groups, similarly associated with non-AD factors and diverging cognitive outcomes. In the autopsy cohort, limbic T-N mismatch correlated with TDP-43 co-pathology. DISCUSSION T-N mismatch may provide a personalized approach for determining non-AD factors associated with resilience/vulnerability in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Lyu
- Departments of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Michael Tran Duong
- Departments of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Long Xie
- Departments of RadiologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Hayley Richardson
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and InformaticsUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Gyujoon Hwang
- Departments of RadiologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Michael DiCalogero
- Departments of NeurologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Corey T. McMillan
- Departments of NeurologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - John L. Robinson
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sharon X. Xie
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and InformaticsUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Edward B. Lee
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - David J. Irwin
- Departments of NeurologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Christos Davatzikos
- Departments of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ilya M. Nasrallah
- Departments of RadiologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Paul A. Yushkevich
- Departments of RadiologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - David A. Wolk
- Departments of NeurologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sandhitsu R. Das
- Departments of NeurologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Chen X, Toueg TN, Harrison TM, Baker SL, Jagust WJ. Regional Tau Deposition Reflects Different Pathways of Subsequent Neurodegeneration and Memory Decline in Cognitively Normal Older Adults. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:249-259. [PMID: 37789559 PMCID: PMC10843500 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tau pathology is recognized as a primary contributor to neurodegeneration and clinical symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to localize the early tau pathology in cognitively normal older people that is predictive of subsequent neurodegeneration and memory decline, and delineate factors underlying tau-related memory decline in individuals with and without β-amyloid (Aβ). METHODS A total of 138 cognitively normal older individuals from the Berkeley Aging Cohort Study underwent 11 C-Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB) positron emission tomography (PET) to determine Aβ positivity and 18 F-Flortaucipir (FTP) PET to measure tau deposition, with prospective cognitive assessments and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Voxel-wise FTP analyses examined associations between baseline tau deposition and longitudinal memory decline, longitudinal hippocampal atrophy, and longitudinal cortical thinning in AD signature regions. We also examined whether hippocampal atrophy and cortical thinning mediate tau effects on future memory decline. RESULTS We found Aβ-dependent tau associations with memory decline in the entorhinal and temporoparietal regions, Aβ-independent tau associations with hippocampal atrophy within the medial temporal lobe (MTL), and that widespread tau was associated with mean cortical thinning in AD signature regions. Tau-related memory decline was mediated by hippocampal atrophy in Aβ- individuals and by mean cortical thinning in Aβ+ individuals. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that tau may affect memory through different mechanisms in normal aging and AD. Early tau deposition independent of Aβ predicts subsequent hippocampal atrophy that may lead to memory deficits in normal older individuals, whereas elevated cortical tau deposition is associated with cortical thinning that may lead to more severe memory decline in AD. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:249-259.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tyler N Toueg
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Theresa M Harrison
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne L Baker
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - William J Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Burnham SC, Iaccarino L, Pontecorvo MJ, Fleisher AS, Lu M, Collins EC, Devous MD. A review of the flortaucipir literature for positron emission tomography imaging of tau neurofibrillary tangles. Brain Commun 2023; 6:fcad305. [PMID: 38187878 PMCID: PMC10768888 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is defined by the presence of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles potentially preceding clinical symptoms by many years. Previously only detectable post-mortem, these pathological hallmarks are now identifiable using biomarkers, permitting an in vivo definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. 18F-flortaucipir (previously known as 18F-T807; 18F-AV-1451) was the first tau positron emission tomography tracer to be introduced and is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved tau positron emission tomography tracer (Tauvid™). It has been widely adopted and validated in a number of independent research and clinical settings. In this review, we present an overview of the published literature on flortaucipir for positron emission tomography imaging of neurofibrillary tau tangles. We considered all accessible peer-reviewed literature pertaining to flortaucipir through 30 April 2022. We found 474 relevant peer-reviewed publications, which were organized into the following categories based on their primary focus: typical Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment and pre-symptomatic populations; atypical Alzheimer's disease; non-Alzheimer's disease neurodegenerative conditions; head-to-head comparisons with other Tau positron emission tomography tracers; and technical considerations. The available flortaucipir literature provides substantial evidence for the use of this positron emission tomography tracer in assessing neurofibrillary tau tangles in Alzheimer's disease and limited support for its use in other neurodegenerative disorders. Visual interpretation and quantitation approaches, although heterogeneous, mostly converge and demonstrate the high diagnostic and prognostic value of flortaucipir in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ming Lu
- Avid, Eli Lilly and Company, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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André C, Kuhn E, Rehel S, Ourry V, Demeilliez-Servouin S, Palix C, Felisatti F, Champetier P, Dautricourt S, Yushkevich P, Vivien D, de La Sayette V, Chételat G, de Flores R, Rauchs G. Association of Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy in Cognitively Unimpaired Amyloid-Positive Older Adults. Neurology 2023; 101:e370-e385. [PMID: 37258299 PMCID: PMC10435067 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) has been related to amyloid deposition and an increased dementia risk. However, how SDB relates to medial temporal lobe neurodegeneration and subsequent episodic memory impairment is unclear. Our objective was to investigate the impact of amyloid positivity on the associations between SDB severity, medial temporal lobe subregions, and episodic memory performance in cognitively unimpaired older adults. METHODS Data were acquired between 2016 and 2020 in the context of the Age-Well randomized controlled trial of the Medit-Aging European project. Participants older than 65 years who were free of neurologic, psychiatric, or chronic medical diseases were recruited from the community. They completed a neuropsychological evaluation, in-home polysomnography, a Florbetapir PET, and an MRI, including a specific high-resolution assessment of the medial temporal lobe and hippocampal subfields. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to test interactions between amyloid status and SDB severity on the volume of MTL subregions, controlling for age, sex, education, and the ApoE4 status. Secondary analyses aimed at investigating the links between SDB, MTL subregional atrophy, and episodic memory performance at baseline and at a mean follow-up of 20.66 months in the whole cohort and in subgroups stratified according to amyloid status. RESULTS We included 122 cognitively intact community-dwelling older adults (mean age ± SD: 69.40 ± 3.85 years, 77 women, 26 Aβ+ individuals) in baseline analyses and 111 at follow-up. The apnea-hypopnea index interacted with entorhinal (β = -0.81, p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.19), whole hippocampal (β = -0.61, p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.10), subiculum (β = -0.56, p = 0.002, pη2 = 0.08), CA1 (β = -0.55, p = 0.002, pη2 = 0.08), and DG (β = -0.53, p = 0.003, pη2 = 0.08) volumes such that a higher sleep apnea severity was related to lower MTL subregion volumes in amyloid-positive individuals, but not in those who were amyloid negative. In the whole cohort, lower whole hippocampal (r = 0.27, p = 0.005) and CA1 (r = 0.28, p = 0.003) volumes at baseline were associated with worse episodic memory performance at follow-up. DISCUSSION Overall, we showed that SDB was associated with MTL atrophy in cognitively asymptomatic older adults engaged in the Alzheimer continuum, which may increase the risk of developing memory impairment over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02977819.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire André
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Elizabeth Kuhn
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Stéphane Rehel
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Valentin Ourry
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Solène Demeilliez-Servouin
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Cassandre Palix
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Francesca Felisatti
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Pierre Champetier
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Sophie Dautricourt
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Paul Yushkevich
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Vincent de La Sayette
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Gaël Chételat
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Robin de Flores
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France
| | - Géraldine Rauchs
- From the Normandie Univ (C.A., E.K., S.R., V.O., S.D.-S., C.P., F.F., P.C., S.D., D.V., G.C., R.F., G.R.), UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" NEUROPRESAGE Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, France; Normandie Univ (C.A., S.R., V.O., P.C., V.L.S.), UNICAEN, PSL Université, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, NIMH, France; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) (P.Y.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Département de Recherche Clinique (D.V.), CHU Caen-Normandie, France; and Service de Neurologie (V.L.S.), CHU de Caen, France.
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5
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Visser D, Verfaillie SCJ, Bosch I, Brouwer I, Tuncel H, Coomans EM, Rikken RM, Mastenbroek SE, Golla SSV, Barkhof F, van de Giessen E, van Berckel BNM, van der Flier WM, Ossenkoppele R. Tau pathology as determinant of changes in atrophy and cerebral blood flow: a multi-modal longitudinal imaging study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2409-2419. [PMID: 36976303 PMCID: PMC10250461 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tau pathology is associated with concurrent atrophy and decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but less is known about their temporal relationships. Our aim was therefore to investigate the association of concurrent and longitudinal tau PET with longitudinal changes in atrophy and relative CBF. METHODS We included 61 individuals from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort (mean age 65.1 ± 7.5 years, 44% female, 57% amyloid-β positive [Aβ +], 26 cognitively impaired [CI]) who underwent dynamic [18F]flortaucipir PET and structural MRI at baseline and 25 ± 5 months follow-up. In addition, we included 86 individuals (68 CI) who only underwent baseline dynamic [18F]flortaucipir PET and MRI scans to increase power in our statistical models. We obtained [18F]flortaucipir PET binding potential (BPND) and R1 values reflecting tau load and relative CBF, respectively, and computed cortical thickness from the structural MRI scans using FreeSurfer. We assessed the regional associations between i) baseline and ii) annual change in tau PET BPND in Braak I, III/IV, and V/VI regions and cortical thickness or R1 in cortical gray matter regions (spanning the whole brain) over time using linear mixed models with random intercepts adjusted for age, sex, time between baseline and follow-up assessments, and baseline BPND in case of analyses with annual change as determinant. All analyses were performed in Aβ- cognitively normal (CN) individuals and Aβ+ (CN and CI) individuals separately. RESULTS In Aβ+ individuals, greater baseline Braak III/IV and V/VI tau PET binding was associated with faster cortical thinning in primarily frontotemporal regions. Annual changes in tau PET were not associated with cortical thinning over time in either Aβ+ or Aβ- individuals. Baseline tau PET was not associated with longitudinal changes in relative CBF, but increases in Braak III/IV tau PET over time were associated with increases in parietal relative CBF over time in Aβ + individuals. CONCLUSION We showed that higher tau load was related to accelerated cortical thinning, but not to decreases in relative CBF. Moreover, tau PET load at baseline was a stronger predictor of cortical thinning than change of tau PET signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Visser
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Sander C J Verfaillie
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris Bosch
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Iman Brouwer
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hayel Tuncel
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emma M Coomans
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roos M Rikken
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie E Mastenbroek
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandeep S V Golla
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elsmarieke van de Giessen
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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6
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Adams JN, Márquez F, Larson MS, Janecek JT, Miranda BA, Noche JA, Taylor L, Hollearn MK, McMillan L, Keator DB, Head E, Rissman RA, Yassa MA. Differential involvement of hippocampal subfields in the relationship between Alzheimer's pathology and memory interference in older adults. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12419. [PMID: 37035460 PMCID: PMC10075195 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction We tested whether Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology predicts memory deficits in non-demented older adults through its effects on medial temporal lobe (MTL) subregional volume. Methods Thirty-two, non-demented older adults with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (amyloid-beta [Aβ]42/Aβ40, phosphorylated tau [p-tau]181, total tau [t-tau]), positron emission tomography (PET; 18F-florbetapir), high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neuropsychological assessment were analyzed. We examined relationships between biomarkers and a highly granular measure of memory consolidation, retroactive interference (RI). Results Biomarkers of AD pathology were related to RI. Dentate gyrus (DG) and CA3 volume were uniquely associated with RI, whereas CA1 and BA35 volume were related to both RI and overall memory recall. AD pathology was associated with reduced BA35, CA1, and subiculum volume. DG volume and Aβ were independently associated with RI, whereas CA1 volume mediated the relationship between AD pathology and RI. Discussion Integrity of distinct hippocampal subfields demonstrate differential relationships with pathology and memory function, indicating specificity in vulnerability and contribution to different memory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna N. Adams
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Freddie Márquez
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Myra S. Larson
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - John T. Janecek
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Blake A. Miranda
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jessica A. Noche
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lisa Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Martina K. Hollearn
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Liv McMillan
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - David B. Keator
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Robert A. Rissman
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael A. Yassa
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
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7
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Mohanty R, Ferreira D, Nordberg A, Westman E. Associations between different tau-PET patterns and longitudinal atrophy in the Alzheimer's disease continuum: biological and methodological perspectives from disease heterogeneity. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:37. [PMID: 36814346 PMCID: PMC9945609 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subtypes and patterns are defined using tau-PET (tau pathology) and structural MRI (atrophy) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between tau pathology and atrophy across these subtypes/patterns remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the biological association between baseline tau-PET patterns and longitudinal atrophy in the AD continuum; and the methodological characterization of heterogeneity as a continuous phenomenon over the conventional discrete subgrouping. METHODS In 366 individuals (amyloid-beta-positive cognitively normal, prodromal AD, AD dementia; amyloid-beta-negative cognitively normal), we examined the association between tau-PET patterns and longitudinal MRI. We modeled tau-PET patterns as a (a) continuous phenomenon with key dimensions: typicality and severity; and (b) discrete phenomenon by categorization into patterns: typical, limbic predominant, cortical predominant and minimal tau. Tau-PET patterns and associated longitudinal atrophy were contextualized within the Amyloid/Tau/Neurodegeneration (A/T/N) biomarker scheme. RESULTS Localization and longitudinal atrophy change vary differentially across different tau-PET patterns in the AD continuum. Atrophy, a downstream event, did not always follow a topography akin to the corresponding tau-PET pattern. Further, heterogeneity as a continuous phenomenon offered an alternative and useful characterization, sharing correspondence with the conventional subgrouping. Tau-PET patterns also show differential A/T/N profiles. CONCLUSIONS The site and rate of atrophy are different across the tau-PET patterns. Heterogeneity should be treated as a continuous, not discrete, phenomenon for greater sensitivity. Pattern-specific A/T/N profiles highlight differential multimodal interactions underlying heterogeneity. Therefore, tracking multimodal interactions among biomarkers longitudinally, modeling disease heterogeneity as a continuous phenomenon, and examining heterogeneity across the AD continuum could offer avenues for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaleena Mohanty
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, 14152, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, 14152, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, 14152, Huddinge, Sweden
- Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, 14152, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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8
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Lyu X, Duong MT, Xie L, de Flores R, Richardson H, Hwang G, Wisse LEM, DiCalogero M, McMillan CT, Robinson JL, Xie SX, Grossman M, Lee EB, Irwin DJ, Dickerson BC, Davatzikos C, Nasrallah IM, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA, Das SR. Tau-Neurodegeneration mismatch reveals vulnerability and resilience to comorbidities in Alzheimer's continuum. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.12.23285594. [PMID: 36824762 PMCID: PMC9949174 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.12.23285594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Variability in the relationship of tau-based neurofibrillary tangles (T) and degree of neurodegeneration (N) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is likely attributable to the non-specific nature of N, which is also modulated by such factors as other co-pathologies, age-related changes, and developmental differences. We studied this variability by partitioning patients within the Alzheimer's continuum into data-driven groups based on their regional T-N dissociation, which reflects the residuals after the effect of tau pathology is "removed". We found six groups displaying distinct spatial T-N mismatch and thickness patterns despite similar tau burden. Their T-N patterns resembled the neurodegeneration patterns of non-AD groups partitioned on the basis of z-scores of cortical thickness alone and were similarly associated with surrogates of non-AD factors. In an additional sample of individuals with antemortem imaging and autopsy, T-N mismatch was associated with TDP-43 co-pathology. Finally, T-N mismatch training was then applied to a separate cohort to determine the ability to classify individual patients within these groups. These findings suggest that T-N mismatch may provide a personalized approach for determining non-AD factors associated with resilience/vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease.
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9
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Wan K, Yin W, Tang Y, Zhu W, Wang Z, Zhou X, Zhang W, Zhang C, Yu X, Zhao W, Li C, Zhu X, Sun Z. Brain Gray Matter Volume Mediated the Correlation Between Plasma P-Tau and Cognitive Function of Early Alzheimer's Disease in China: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 92:81-93. [PMID: 36710682 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include cognitive decline and brain gray matter volume (GMV) atrophy. Recent studies have found that plasma phosphorylated-tau (p-tau) concentrations perform better in diagnosing, differentiating, and monitoring the progression of AD. However, the correlation between plasma p-tau, GMV, and cognition remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether GMV plays a mediating role in the association between plasma p-tau concentrations and cognition. METHODS In total, 99 participants (47 patients with AD and 52 cognitively unimpaired [CU] individuals) were included. All participants underwent neuropsychological assessments, laboratory examinations, and magnetic resonance imaging scans. Plasma p-tau217 and p-tau181 concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Voxel-based morphometry was performed to assess participants' brain GMV. Partial correlation and mediation analyses were conducted in AD group. RESULTS Plasma p-tau concentrations were significantly higher in the AD group than in the CU group. Patients with AD had significant brain GMV atrophy in the right hippocampus, bilateral middle temporal gyrus, and right inferior temporal gyrus. In the AD group, there were significant correlations between plasma p-tau217 concentrations, GMV, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Brain GMV of the right hippocampus mediated the association between plasma p-tau217 concentrations and MMSE scores. A significant correlation between plasma p-tau181 and MMSE scores was not identified. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that p-tau217 is a promising biomarker for central processes affecting brain GMV and cognitive function. This may provide potential targets for future intervention and treatment of tau-targeting therapies in the early stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wenwen Yin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yating Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wenhao Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianfeng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhongwu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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10
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Li L, Shi C, Guo T, Jagust WJ. Sequential Pathway Inference for Multimodal Neuroimaging Analysis. Stat (Int Stat Inst) 2022; 11:e433. [PMID: 35450402 PMCID: PMC9017676 DOI: 10.1002/sta4.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by a multimodal neuroimaging study for Alzheimer's disease, in this article, we study the inference problem, i.e., hypothesis testing, of sequential mediation analysis. The existing sequential mediation solutions mostly focus on sparse estimation, while hypothesis testing is an utterly different and more challenging problem. Meanwhile, the few mediation testing solutions often ignore the potential dependency among the mediators, or cannot be applied to the sequential problem directly. We propose a statistical inference procedure to test mediation pathways when there are sequentially ordered multiple data modalities and each modality involves multiple mediators. We allow the mediators to be conditionally dependent, and the number of mediators within each modality to diverge with the sample size. We produce the explicit significance quantification and establish the theoretical guarantees in terms of asymptotic size, power, and false discovery control. We demonstrate the efficacy of the method through both simulations and an application to a multimodal neuroimaging pathway analysis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexin Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Chengchun Shi
- Department of Statistics, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Tengfei Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - William J. Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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11
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Malpetti M, Joie RL, Rabinovici GD. Tau Beats Amyloid in Predicting Brain Atrophy in Alzheimer Disease: Implications for Prognosis and Clinical Trials. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:830-832. [PMID: 35649659 PMCID: PMC9157718 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.263694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maura Malpetti
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; .,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Renaud La Joie
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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12
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Lagarde J, Olivieri P, Tonietto M, Tissot C, Rivals I, Gervais P, Caillé F, Moussion M, Bottlaender M, Sarazin M. Tau-PET imaging predicts cognitive decline and brain atrophy progression in early Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2022; 93:459-467. [PMID: 35228270 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-328623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore whether regional tau binding measured at baseline is associated with the rapidity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression over 2 years, as assessed by the decline in specified cognitive domains, and the progression of regional brain atrophy, in comparison with amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET), MRI and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. METHODS Thirty-six patients with AD (positive CSF biomarkers and amyloid-PET) and 15 controls underwent a complete neuropsychological assessment, 3T brain MRI, [11C]-PiB and [18F]-flortaucipir PET imaging, and were monitored annually over 2 years, with a second brain MRI after 2 years. We used mixed effects models to explore the relations between tau-PET, amyloid-PET, CSF biomarkers and MRI at baseline and cognitive decline and the progression of brain atrophy over 2 years in patients with AD. RESULTS Baseline tau-PET was strongly associated with the subsequent cognitive decline in regions that are usually associated with each cognitive domain. No significant relationship was observed between the cognitive decline and initial amyloid load, regional cortical atrophy or CSF biomarkers. Baseline tau tracer binding in the superior temporal gyrus was associated with subsequent atrophy in an inferomedial temporal volume of interest, as was the voxelwise tau tracer binding with subsequent cortical atrophy in the superior temporal, parietal and frontal association cortices. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that tau tracer binding is predictive of cognitive decline in AD in domain-specific brain areas, which provides important insights into the interaction between tau burden and neurodegeneration, and is of the utmost importance to develop new prognostic markers that will help improve the design of therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lagarde
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France .,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Pauline Olivieri
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Matteo Tonietto
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Cecile Tissot
- McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rivals
- Equipe de Statistique Appliquée, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, INSERM, UMRS 1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, 10 rue Vauquelin, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Gervais
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Fabien Caillé
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Martin Moussion
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.,Centre d'évaluation Troubles Psychiques et Vieillissement, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Michel Bottlaender
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UNIACT, Neurospin, Joliot Institute, CEA, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Marie Sarazin
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
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13
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Lee WJ, Brown JA, Kim HR, La Joie R, Cho H, Lyoo CH, Rabinovici GD, Seong JK, Seeley WW. Regional Aβ-tau interactions promote onset and acceleration of Alzheimer's disease tau spreading. Neuron 2022; 110:1932-1943.e5. [PMID: 35443153 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta and tau are key molecules in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, but it remains unclear how these proteins interact to promote disease. Here, by combining cross-sectional and longitudinal molecular imaging and network connectivity analyses in living humans, we identified two amyloid-beta/tau interactions associated with the onset and propagation of tau spreading. First, we show that the lateral entorhinal cortex, an early site of tau neurofibrillary tangle formation, is subject to remote, connectivity-mediated amyloid-beta/tau interactions linked to initial tau spreading. Second, we identify the inferior temporal gyrus as the region featuring the greatest local amyloid-beta/tau interactions and a connectivity profile well suited to accelerate tau propagation. Taken together, our data address long-standing questions regarding the topographical dissimilarity between early amyloid-beta and tau deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wha Jin Lee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Global Health Technology Research Center, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Renaud La Joie
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hanna Cho
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul 06273, South Korea
| | - Chul Hyoung Lyoo
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul 06273, South Korea
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Joon-Kyung Seong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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14
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Veitch DP, Weiner MW, Aisen PS, Beckett LA, DeCarli C, Green RC, Harvey D, Jack CR, Jagust W, Landau SM, Morris JC, Okonkwo O, Perrin RJ, Petersen RC, Rivera‐Mindt M, Saykin AJ, Shaw LM, Toga AW, Tosun D, Trojanowski JQ. Using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative to improve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:824-857. [PMID: 34581485 PMCID: PMC9158456 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) has accumulated 15 years of clinical, neuroimaging, cognitive, biofluid biomarker and genetic data, and biofluid samples available to researchers, resulting in more than 3500 publications. This review covers studies from 2018 to 2020. METHODS We identified 1442 publications using ADNI data by conventional search methods and selected impactful studies for inclusion. RESULTS Disease progression studies supported pivotal roles for regional amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau deposition, and identified underlying genetic contributions to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Vascular disease, immune response, inflammation, resilience, and sex modulated disease course. Biologically coherent subgroups were identified at all clinical stages. Practical algorithms and methodological changes improved determination of Aβ status. Plasma Aβ, phosphorylated tau181, and neurofilament light were promising noninvasive biomarkers. Prognostic and diagnostic models were externally validated in ADNI but studies are limited by lack of ethnocultural cohort diversity. DISCUSSION ADNI has had a profound impact in improving clinical trials for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dallas P. Veitch
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterCenter for Imaging of Neurodegenerative DiseasesSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterNorthern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE)San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael W. Weiner
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterCenter for Imaging of Neurodegenerative DiseasesSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Department of RadiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Paul S. Aisen
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Laurel A. Beckett
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology and Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Robert C. Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Broad Institute, Ariadne Labsand Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Danielle Harvey
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - William Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Susan M. Landau
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - John C. Morris
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Ozioma Okonkwo
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Richard J. Perrin
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA,Department of NeurologyWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA,Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | | | | | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences and Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA,Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Leslie M. Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Research, School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Arthur W. Toga
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, USC Stevens Institute of Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Duygu Tosun
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - John Q. Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Research, School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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15
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Duong MT, Das SR, Lyu X, Xie L, Richardson H, Xie SX, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA, Nasrallah IM. Dissociation of tau pathology and neuronal hypometabolism within the ATN framework of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1495. [PMID: 35314672 PMCID: PMC8938426 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined by amyloid (A) and tau (T) pathologies, with T better correlated to neurodegeneration (N). However, T and N have complex regional relationships in part related to non-AD factors that influence N. With machine learning, we assessed heterogeneity in 18F-flortaucipir vs. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography as markers of T and neuronal hypometabolism (NM) in 289 symptomatic patients from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. We identified six T/NM clusters with differing limbic and cortical patterns. The canonical group was defined as the T/NM pattern with lowest regression residuals. Groups resilient to T had less hypometabolism than expected relative to T and displayed better cognition than the canonical group. Groups susceptible to T had more hypometabolism than expected given T and exhibited worse cognitive decline, with imaging and clinical measures concordant with non-AD copathologies. Together, T/NM mismatch reveals distinct imaging signatures with pathobiological and prognostic implications for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tran Duong
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sandhitsu R Das
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xueying Lyu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Long Xie
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hayley Richardson
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sharon X Xie
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul A Yushkevich
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Ilya M Nasrallah
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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16
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de Flores R, Das SR, Xie L, Wisse LEM, Lyu X, Shah P, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA. Medial Temporal Lobe Networks in Alzheimer's Disease: Structural and Molecular Vulnerabilities. J Neurosci 2022; 42:2131-2141. [PMID: 35086906 PMCID: PMC8916768 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0949-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is connected to the rest of the brain through two main networks: the anterior-temporal (AT) and the posterior-medial (PM) systems. Given the crucial role of the MTL and networks in the physiopathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the present study aimed at (1) investigating whether MTL atrophy propagates specifically within the AT and PM networks, and (2) evaluating the vulnerability of these networks to AD proteinopathies. To do that, we used neuroimaging data acquired in human male and female in three distinct cohorts: (1) resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) from the aging brain cohort (ABC) to define the AT and PM networks (n = 68); (2) longitudinal structural MRI from Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI)GO/2 to highlight structural covariance patterns (n = 349); and (3) positron emission tomography (PET) data from ADNI3 to evaluate the networks' vulnerability to amyloid and tau (n = 186). Our results suggest that the atrophy of distinct MTL subregions propagates within the AT and PM networks in a dissociable manner. Brodmann area (BA)35 structurally covaried within the AT network while the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) covaried within the PM network. In addition, these networks are differentially associated with relative tau and amyloid burden, with higher tau levels in AT than in PM and higher amyloid levels in PM than in AT. Our results also suggest differences in the relative burden of tau species. The current results provide further support for the notion that two distinct MTL networks display differential alterations in the context of AD. These findings have important implications for disease spread and the cognitive manifestations of AD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The current study provides further support for the notion that two distinct medial temporal lobe (MTL) networks, i.e., anterior-temporal (AT) and the posterior-medial (PM), display differential alterations in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Importantly, neurodegeneration appears to occur within these networks in a dissociable manner marked by their covariance patterns. In addition, the AT and PM networks are also differentially associated with relative tau and amyloid burden, and perhaps differences in the relative burden of tau species [e.g., neurofibriliary tangles (NFTs) vs tau in neuritic plaques]. These findings, in the context of a growing literature consistent with the present results, have important implications for disease spread and the cognitive manifestations of AD in light of the differential cognitive processes ascribed to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin de Flores
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
- Université de Caen Normandie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique (UMRS) Unité 1237, Caen 14000, France
| | - Sandhitsu R Das
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| | - Long Xie
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura E M Wisse
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund 22185, Sweden
| | - Xueying Lyu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| | - Preya Shah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul A Yushkevich
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
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17
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Associations between Brain Reserve Proxies and Clinical Progression in Alzheimer's Disease Dementia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212159. [PMID: 34831913 PMCID: PMC8625916 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether brain and cognitive reserves were associated with the clinical progression of AD dementia. We included participants with AD dementia from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, provided they were followed up at least once, and candidate proxies for cognitive (education for early-life reserve and Adult Reading Test for late-life reserve) or brain reserve (intracranial volume [ICV] for early-life reserve and the composite value of [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography regions of interest (FDG-ROIs) for late-life reserve) were available. The final analysis included 120 participants. Cox proportional hazards model revealed that FDG-ROIs were the only significant predictor of clinical progression. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant association between FDG-ROIs and clinical progression only in the larger ICV group (HR = 0.388, p = 0.028, 95% CI 0.167–0.902). Our preliminary findings suggest that relatively preserved cerebral glucose metabolism might delay further clinical progression in AD dementia, particularly in the greater ICV group. In addition to ICV, cerebral glucose metabolism could play an important role as a late-life brain reserve in the process of neurodegeneration. Distinguishing between early- and late-life reserves, and considering both proxies simultaneously, would provide a wider range of factors associated with the prognosis of AD dementia.
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18
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Das SR, Lyu X, Duong MT, Xie L, McCollum L, de Flores R, DiCalogero M, Irwin DJ, Dickerson BC, Nasrallah IM, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA. Tau-Atrophy Variability Reveals Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Alzheimer's Disease. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:751-762. [PMID: 34617306 PMCID: PMC8841129 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tau neurofibrillary tangles (T) are the primary driver of downstream neurodegeneration (N) and subsequent cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is substantial variability in the T-N relationship - manifested in higher or lower atrophy than expected for level of tau in a given brain region. The goal of this study was to determine if region-based quantitation of this variability allows for identification of underlying modulatory factors, including polypathology. METHODS Cortical thickness (N) and 18 F-Flortaucipir SUVR (T) were computed in 104 gray matter regions from a cohort of cognitively-impaired, amyloid-positive (A+) individuals. Region-specific residuals from a robust linear fit between SUVR and cortical thickness were computed as a surrogate for T-N mismatch. A summary T-N mismatch metric defined using residuals were correlated with demographic and imaging-based modulatory factors, and to partition the cohort into data-driven subgroups. RESULTS The summary T-N mismatch metric correlated with underlying factors such as age and burden of white matter hyperintensity lesions. Data-driven subgroups based on clustering of residuals appear to represent different biologically relevant phenotypes, with groups showing distinct spatial patterns of higher or lower atrophy than expected. INTERPRETATION These data support the notion that a measure of deviation from a normative relationship between tau burden and neurodegeneration across brain regions in individuals on the AD continuum captures variability due to multiple underlying factors, and can reveal phenotypes, which if validated, may help identify possible contributors to neurodegeneration in addition to tau, which may ultimately be useful for cohort selection in clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:751-762.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhitsu R Das
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xueying Lyu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Tran Duong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Long Xie
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren McCollum
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Robin de Flores
- Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM UMRS U1237, Caen, France
| | - Michael DiCalogero
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Ilya M Nasrallah
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul A Yushkevich
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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19
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Seo EH, Lim HJ, Yoon HJ, Choi KY, Lee JJ, Park JY, Choi SH, Kim H, Kim BC, Lee KH. Visuospatial memory impairment as a potential neurocognitive marker to predict tau pathology in Alzheimer's continuum. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:167. [PMID: 34627371 PMCID: PMC8502282 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that tau accumulation, not amyloid-β (Aβ) burden, is more closely connected with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a detailed understanding of the tau-related characteristics of cognitive function is critical in both clinical and research settings. We investigated the association between phosphorylated tau (p-Tau) level and cognitive impairment across the AD continuum and the mediating role of medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy. We also developed a prediction model for abnormal tau accumulation. METHODS We included participants from the Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort in Korea, who completed cerebrospinal fluid analysis and clinical evaluation, and corresponded to one of three groups according to the biomarkers of A and T profiles based on the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association research framework. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between p-Tau and cognition and to develop prediction models. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to examine the discrimination ability of the models. RESULTS Among 185 participants, 93 were classified as A-T-, 23 as A+T-, and 69 as A+T+. There was an association between decreased visuospatial delayed memory performance and p-Tau level (B = - 0.754, β = - 0.363, p < 0.001), independent of other relevant variables (e.g., Aβ). MTL neurodegeneration was found to mediate the association between the two. Prediction models with visuospatial delayed memory alone (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.872) and visuospatial delayed memory and entorhinal thickness (AUC = 0.921) for abnormal tau accumulation were suggested and they were validated in an independent sample (AUC = 0.879 and 0.891, respectively). CONCLUSION It is crucial to identify sensitive cognitive measures that capture subtle cognitive impairment associated with underlying pathological changes. Preliminary findings from the current study might suggest that abnormal tau accumulation underlies episodic memory impairment, particularly visuospatial modality, in the AD continuum. Suggested models are potentially useful in predicting tau pathology, and might be utilized practically in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hyun Seo
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jae Lim
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biological Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Yoon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yeong Choi
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Jae Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Park
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Neurozen Inc., Seoul, 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoowon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- Aging Neuroscience Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
- Neurozen Inc., Seoul, 06236, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Colato E, Chiotis K, Ferreira D, Mazrina MS, Lemoine L, Mohanty R, Westman E, Nordberg A, Rodriguez-Vieitez E. Assessment of Tau Pathology as Measured by 18F-THK5317 and 18F-Flortaucipir PET and Their Relation to Brain Atrophy and Cognition in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:103-117. [PMID: 34511502 PMCID: PMC8609906 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the abnormal aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau leads to synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Recently developed tau PET imaging tracers are candidate biomarkers for diagnosis and staging of AD. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the discriminative ability of 18F-THK5317 and 18F-flortaucipir tracers and brain atrophy at different stages of AD, and their respective associations with cognition. METHODS Two cohorts, each including 29 participants (healthy controls [HC], prodromal AD, and AD dementia patients), underwent 18F-THK5317 or 18F-flortaucipir PET, T1-weighted MRI, and neuropsychological assessment. For each subject, we quantified regional 18F-THK5317 and 18F-flortaucipir uptake within six bilateral and two composite regions of interest. We assessed global brain atrophy for each individual by quantifying the brain volume index, a measure of brain volume-to-cerebrospinal fluid ratio. We then quantified the discriminative ability of regional 18F-THK5317, 18F-flortaucipir, and brain volume index between diagnostic groups, and their associations with cognition in patients. RESULTS Both 18F-THK5317 and 18F-flortaucipir outperformed global brain atrophy in discriminating between HC and both prodromal AD and AD dementia groups. 18F-THK5317 provided the highest discriminative ability between HC and prodromal AD groups. 18F-flortaucipir performed best at discriminating between prodromal and dementia stages of AD. Across all patients, both tau tracers were predictive of RAVL learning, but only 18F-flortaucipir predicted MMSE. CONCLUSION Our results warrant further in vivo head-to-head and antemortem-postmortem evaluations. These validation studies are needed to select tracers with high clinical validity as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and disease staging, which will facilitate their incorporation in clinical practice and therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Colato
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Chiotis
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariam S Mazrina
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laetitia Lemoine
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rosaleena Mohanty
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Rodriguez-Vieitez
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Wisse LEM, Ravikumar S, Ittyerah R, Lim S, Lane J, Bedard ML, Xie L, Das SR, Schuck T, Grossman M, Lee EB, Tisdall MD, Prabhakaran K, Detre JA, Mizsei G, Trojanowski JQ, Artacho-Pérula E, de Iñiguez de Onzono Martin MM, M Arroyo-Jiménez M, Muñoz Lopez M, Molina Romero FJ, P Marcos Rabal M, Cebada Sánchez S, Delgado González JC, de la Rosa Prieto C, Córcoles Parada M, Wolk DA, Irwin DJ, Insausti R, Yushkevich PA. Downstream effects of polypathology on neurodegeneration of medial temporal lobe subregions. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:128. [PMID: 34289895 PMCID: PMC8293481 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a nidus for neurodegenerative pathologies and therefore an important region in which to study polypathology. We investigated associations between neurodegenerative pathologies and the thickness of different MTL subregions measured using high-resolution post-mortem MRI. Tau, TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), amyloid-β and α-synuclein pathology were rated on a scale of 0 (absent)-3 (severe) in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex (ERC) of 58 individuals with and without neurodegenerative diseases (median age 75.0 years, 60.3% male). Thickness measurements in ERC, Brodmann Area (BA) 35 and 36, parahippocampal cortex, subiculum, cornu ammonis (CA)1 and the stratum radiatum lacunosum moleculare (SRLM) were derived from 0.2 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm3 post-mortem MRI scans of excised MTL specimens from the contralateral hemisphere using a semi-automated approach. Spearman's rank correlations were performed between neurodegenerative pathologies and thickness, correcting for age, sex and hemisphere, including all four proteinopathies in the model. We found significant associations of (1) TDP-43 with thickness in all subregions (r = - 0.27 to r = - 0.46), and (2) tau with BA35 (r = - 0.31) and SRLM thickness (r = - 0.33). In amyloid-β and TDP-43 negative cases, we found strong significant associations of tau with ERC (r = - 0.40), BA35 (r = - 0.55), subiculum (r = - 0.42) and CA1 thickness (r = - 0.47). This unique dataset shows widespread MTL atrophy in relation to TDP-43 pathology and atrophy in regions affected early in Braak stageing and tau pathology. Moreover, the strong association of tau with thickness in early Braak regions in the absence of amyloid-β suggests a role of Primary Age-Related Tauopathy in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E M Wisse
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Klinikgatan 13b, Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - S Ravikumar
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - R Ittyerah
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - S Lim
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J Lane
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - M L Bedard
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - L Xie
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - S R Das
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - T Schuck
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - M Grossman
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - E B Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - M D Tisdall
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - K Prabhakaran
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J A Detre
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - G Mizsei
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - E Artacho-Pérula
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - M M Arroyo-Jiménez
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - M Muñoz Lopez
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - F J Molina Romero
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - M P Marcos Rabal
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - S Cebada Sánchez
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - J C Delgado González
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - C de la Rosa Prieto
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - M Córcoles Parada
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - D A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - D J Irwin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - R Insausti
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - P A Yushkevich
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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22
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Berron D, Vogel JW, Insel PS, Pereira JB, Xie L, Wisse LEM, Yushkevich PA, Palmqvist S, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Stomrud E, Smith R, Strandberg O, Hansson O. Early stages of tau pathology and its associations with functional connectivity, atrophy and memory. Brain 2021; 144:2771-2783. [PMID: 33725124 PMCID: PMC8557349 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease, postmortem studies have shown that the first cortical site where neurofibrillary tangles appear is the transentorhinal region, a subregion within the medial temporal lobe that largely overlaps with area 35, and the entorhinal cortex. Here we used tau-PET imaging to investigate the sequence of tau pathology progression within the human medial temporal lobe and across regions in the posterior-medial system. Our objective was to study how medial temporal tau is related to functional connectivity, regional atrophy, and memory performance. We included 215 β-amyloid negative cognitively unimpaired, 81 β-amyloid positive cognitively unimpaired and 87 β-amyloid positive individuals with mild cognitive impairment, who each underwent [18]F-RO948 tau and [18]F-flutemetamol amyloid PET imaging, structural T1-MRI and memory assessments as part of the Swedish BioFINDER-2 study. First, event-based modelling revealed that the entorhinal cortex and area 35 show the earliest signs of tau accumulation followed by the anterior and posterior hippocampus, area 36 and the parahippocampal cortex. In later stages, tau accumulation became abnormal in neocortical temporal and finally parietal brain regions. Second, in cognitively unimpaired individuals, increased tau load was related to local atrophy in the entorhinal cortex, area 35 and the anterior hippocampus and tau load in several anterior medial temporal lobe subregions was associated with distant atrophy of the posterior hippocampus. Tau load, but not atrophy, in these regions was associated with lower memory performance. Further, tau-related reductions in functional connectivity in critical networks between the medial temporal lobe and regions in the posterior-medial system were associated with this early memory impairment. Finally, in patients with mild cognitive impairment, the association of tau load in the hippocampus with memory performance was partially mediated by posterior hippocampal atrophy. In summary, our findings highlight the progression of tau pathology across medial temporal lobe subregions and its disease-stage specific association with memory performance. While tau pathology might affect memory performance in cognitively unimpaired individuals via reduced functional connectivity in critical medial temporal lobe-cortical networks, memory impairment in mild cognitively impaired patients is associated with posterior hippocampal atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Berron
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jacob W Vogel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 19104 Philadelphia, USA
| | - Philip S Insel
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, 94143 San Francisco, USA
| | - Joana B Pereira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Long Xie
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 19104 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura E M Wisse
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 19104 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul A Yushkevich
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 19104 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sebastian Palmqvist
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik Stomrud
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ruben Smith
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Strandberg
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 19104 Philadelphia, USA
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van Oostveen WM, de Lange ECM. Imaging Techniques in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Applications in Early Diagnosis and Longitudinal Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042110. [PMID: 33672696 PMCID: PMC7924338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting many individuals worldwide with no effective treatment to date. AD is characterized by the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, followed by neurodegeneration, which leads to cognitive decline and eventually death. INTRODUCTION In AD, pathological changes occur many years before disease onset. Since disease-modifying therapies may be the most beneficial in the early stages of AD, biomarkers for the early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of disease progression are essential. Multiple imaging techniques with associated biomarkers are used to identify and monitor AD. AIM In this review, we discuss the contemporary early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of AD with imaging techniques regarding their diagnostic utility, benefits and limitations. Additionally, novel techniques, applications and biomarkers for AD research are assessed. FINDINGS Reduced hippocampal volume is a biomarker for neurodegeneration, but atrophy is not an AD-specific measure. Hypometabolism in temporoparietal regions is seen as a biomarker for AD. However, glucose uptake reflects astrocyte function rather than neuronal function. Amyloid-β (Aβ) is the earliest hallmark of AD and can be measured with positron emission tomography (PET), but Aβ accumulation stagnates as disease progresses. Therefore, Aβ may not be a suitable biomarker for monitoring disease progression. The measurement of tau accumulation with PET radiotracers exhibited promising results in both early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring, but large-scale validation of these radiotracers is required. The implementation of new processing techniques, applications of other imaging techniques and novel biomarkers can contribute to understanding AD and finding a cure. CONCLUSIONS Several biomarkers are proposed for the early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of AD with imaging techniques, but all these biomarkers have their limitations regarding specificity, reliability and sensitivity. Future perspectives. Future research should focus on expanding the employment of imaging techniques and identifying novel biomarkers that reflect AD pathology in the earliest stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieke M. van Oostveen
- Faculty of Science, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-71-527-6330
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Clinical validity of increased cortical uptake of [ 18F]flortaucipir on PET as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease in the context of a structured 5-phase biomarker development framework. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:2097-2109. [PMID: 33547556 PMCID: PMC8175307 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-05118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In 2017, the Geneva Alzheimer's disease (AD) Biomarker Roadmap initiative adapted the framework of the systematic validation of oncological diagnostic biomarkers to AD biomarkers, with the aim to accelerate their development and implementation in clinical practice. With this work, we assess the maturity of [18F]flortaucipir PET and define its research priorities. METHODS The level of maturity of [18F]flortaucipir was assessed based on the AD Biomarker Roadmap. The framework assesses analytical validity (phases 1-2), clinical validity (phases 3-4), and clinical utility (phase 5). RESULTS The main aims of phases 1 (rationale for use) and 2 (discriminative ability) have been achieved. [18F]Flortaucipir binds with high affinity to paired helical filaments of tau and has favorable kinetic properties and excellent discriminative accuracy for AD. The majority of secondary aims of phase 2 were fully achieved. Multiple studies showed high correlations between ante-mortem [18F]flortaucipir PET and post-mortem tau (as assessed by histopathology), and also the effects of covariates on tracer binding are well studied. The aims of phase 3 (early detection ability) were only partially or preliminarily achieved, and the aims of phases 4 and 5 were not achieved. CONCLUSION Current literature provides partial evidence for clinical utility of [18F]flortaucipir PET. The aims for phases 1 and 2 were mostly achieved. Phase 3 studies are currently ongoing. Future studies including representative MCI populations and a focus on healthcare outcomes are required to establish full maturity of phases 4 and 5.
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25
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Radioactive synthesis of tau PET imaging agent 18F-AV-1451 and its role in monitoring the progression of Alzheimer's disease and supporting differential diagnosis. Ann Nucl Med 2021; 35:139-147. [PMID: 33460010 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-020-01566-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is on the rise all over the world, and brings with it great challenges to medical care and heavy burdens to family and society. Accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis are of great importance. Tau positron emission tomography (PET) might offer novel insights and be of great assistance in monitoring disease progression and supporting the differential diagnosis. 18F-AV-1451, as the first Tau PET imaging agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), has been of great potential in clinical trials. Here, we reviewed the synthesis and characteristics of 18F-AV-1451 and its role in monitoring AD progression and supporting the differential diagnosis.
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26
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Predicting brain atrophy from tau pathology: a summary of clinical findings and their translation into personalized models. BRAIN MULTIPHYSICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brain.2021.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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27
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Clinical Utility of the Pathogenesis-Related Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228661. [PMID: 33212853 PMCID: PMC7698353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the Aβ cascade and alternations of biomarkers in neuro-inflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal injury followed by Aβ have progressed. But the question is how to use the biomarkers. Here, we examine the evidence and pathogenic implications of protein interactions and the time order of alternation. After the deposition of Aβ, the change of tau, neurofilament light chain (NFL), and neurogranin (Ng) is the main alternation and connection to others. Neuro-inflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal injury function is exhibited prior to the structural and metabolic changes in the brain following Aβ deposition. The time order of such biomarkers compared to the tau protein is not clear. Despite the close relationship between biomarkers and plaque Aβ deposition, several factors favor one or the other. There is an interaction between some proteins that can predict the brain amyloid burden. The Aβ cascade hypothesis could be the pathway, but not all subjects suffer from Alzheimer's disease (AD) within a long follow-up, even with very elevated Aβ. The interaction of biomarkers and the time order of change require further research to identify the right subjects and right molecular target for precision medicine therapies.
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28
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Fung CW, Guo J, Fu H, Figueroa HY, Konofagou EE, Duff KE. Atrophy associated with tau pathology precedes overt cell death in a mouse model of progressive tauopathy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/42/eabc8098. [PMID: 33067235 PMCID: PMC7567584 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc8098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) first develops in the entorhinal cortex (EC), then spreads to the hippocampus, followed by the neocortex. Overall, tau pathology correlates well with neurodegeneration and cell loss, but the spatial and temporal association between tau pathology and overt volume loss (atrophy) associated with structural changes or cell loss is unclear. Using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with tensor-based morphometry (TBM), we mapped the spatiotemporal pattern of structural changes in a mouse model of AD-like progressive tauopathy. A novel, coregistered in vivo MRI atlas was then applied to identify regions in the medial temporal lobe that had a significant volume reduction. Our study shows that in a mouse model of tauopathy spread, the propagation of tau pathology from the EC to the hippocampus is associated with TBM-related atrophy, but atrophy in the dentate gyrus and subiculum precedes overt cell loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine W Fung
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 W 120th Street, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Zuckerman Institute, Columbia University, 3227 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronic Brain Injury, Discovery Themes, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Helen Y Figueroa
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Elisa E Konofagou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 W 120th Street, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Karen E Duff
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
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29
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Xie L, Wisse LEM, Das SR, Vergnet N, Dong M, Ittyerah R, de Flores R, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA. Longitudinal atrophy in early Braak regions in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:4704-4717. [PMID: 32845545 PMCID: PMC7555086 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A major focus of Alzheimer's disease (AD) research has been finding sensitive outcome measures to disease progression in preclinical AD, as intervention studies begin to target this population. We hypothesize that tailored measures of longitudinal change of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) subregions (the sites of earliest cortical tangle pathology) are more sensitive to disease progression in preclinical AD compared to standard cognitive and plasma NfL measures. Longitudinal T1-weighted MRI of 337 participants were included, divided into amyloid-β negative (Aβ-) controls, cerebral spinal fluid p-tau positive (T+) and negative (T-) preclinical AD (Aβ+ controls), and early prodromal AD. Anterior/posterior hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, Brodmann areas (BA) 35 and 36, and parahippocampal cortex were segmented in baseline MRI using a novel pipeline. Unbiased change rates of subregions were estimated using MRI scans within a 2-year-follow-up period. Experimental results showed that longitudinal atrophy rates of all MTL subregions were significantly higher for T+ preclinical AD and early prodromal AD than controls, but not for T- preclinical AD. Posterior hippocampus and BA35 demonstrated the largest group differences among hippocampus and MTL cortex respectively. None of the cross-sectional MTL measures, longitudinal cognitive measures (PACC, ADAS-Cog) and cross-sectional or longitudinal plasma NfL reached significance in preclinical AD. In conclusion, longitudinal atrophy measurements reflect active neurodegeneration and thus are more directly linked to active disease progression than cross-sectional measurements. Moreover, accelerated atrophy in preclinical AD seems to occur only in the presence of concomitant tau pathology. The proposed longitudinal measurements may serve as efficient outcome measures in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xie
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura E M Wisse
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandhitsu R Das
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicolas Vergnet
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mengjin Dong
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ranjit Ittyerah
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robin de Flores
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul A Yushkevich
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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30
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Pappas C, Klinedinst BS, Le S, Wang Q, Larsen B, McLimans K, Lockhart SN, Allenspach‐Jorn K, Mochel JP, Willette AA. CSF glucose tracks regional tau progression based on Alzheimer's disease risk factors. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2020; 6:e12080. [PMID: 32864418 PMCID: PMC7443745 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucose hypometabolism and tau formation are key features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Less is known about the relationship between fasting glucose and regional tau accumulation. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose was linearly regressed on regional tau (flortaucipir) among 169 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI3) participants. Flortaucipir uptake was examined by Braak stages and regions of interest (ROIs). Interactions were explored between CSF glucose and AD risk factors including regional amyloid beta (Aβ), sex, Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOEε4) status, AD parental family history (AD FH), and cognitive impairment (CI). RESULTS Interactions found higher CSF glucose tracked less tau in ROIs or Braak stages I/II (women, APOE ε4+, regional Aβ), III/IV (AD FH+, regional Aβ), and V/VI (AD FH+). CI drove Braak III-VI associations. DISCUSSION Among women and APOE ε4 carriers, higher CSF glucose tracked less early-stage tau. Higher CSF glucose may reflect compensation against tau spreading in CI, Aβ+, or AD FH+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Pappas
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | | | - Scott Le
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Interdepartmental Graduate ProgramIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Brittany Larsen
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Kelsey McLimans
- Department of Nutrition and DieteticsViterbo UniversityLa CrosseWisconsinUSA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Jonathan P. Mochel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Auriel A. Willette
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Neuroscience Graduate ProgramIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Department of PsychologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
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31
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Yan S, Zheng C, Paranjpe MD, Li J, Benzinger TL, Lu J, Zhou Y. Association of sex and APOE ε4 with brain tau deposition and atrophy in older adults with Alzheimer's disease. Theranostics 2020; 10:10563-10572. [PMID: 32929366 PMCID: PMC7482805 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the association of sex and the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele with brain tau deposition and atrophy in older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using quantitative 18F-AV-1451 positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Preprocessed 18F-AV-1451 tau PET, raw T1-weighted structural MR images, demographic information, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) measurements from 57 elderly individuals with AD were downloaded from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. An iteratively reblurred Van Cittert partial volume correction (PVC) method was applied to all preprocessed PET images. MRI images were used for PET spatial normalization and gray matter volume calculation. 18F-AV-1451 PET standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) was calculated relative to the cerebellum gray matter. The effect of sex and APOE ε4 status on SUVR and gray matter volume were assessed at both region of interest (ROI) and voxelwise levels. Results: Female APOE ε4 carriers (FACs) had significant higher 18F-AV-1451 SUVRs in the lateral temporal, parietal, posterior cingulate, medial temporal, inferior temporal, entorhinal cortex, amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus regions, and exhibited smaller gray matter volumes in the posterior cingulate, medial temporal, inferior temporal and amygdala regions, as compared to the non-FACs (NFACs) comprised of female APOE ε4 non-carriers, male APOE ε4 carriers and male APOE ε4 non-carriers. Voxelwise analysis revealed forebrain and limbic clusters with greater 18F-AV-1451 SUVRs and lower gray matter volume between FACs compared to the NFACs. Negative correlations between ROI 18F-AV-1451 SUVRs and gray matter volumes were significant after adjusting for age and years of education. Conclusions: Among elderly individuals with AD, sex modified the effects of the APOE ε4 allele on region-specific tau deposition and gray matter volume. FACs had elevated brain region-specific tau PET SUVR and decreased gray matter volume in comparison to NFACs. The study provides a basis for the use of precision medicine in the diagnosis of AD and evaluation of therapeutics using 18F-AV-1451 PET and structural MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozhen Yan
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chaojie Zheng
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Manish D Paranjpe
- Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tammie L.S. Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington in St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Scott MR, Hampton OL, Buckley RF, Chhatwal JP, Hanseeuw BJ, Jacobs HI, Properzi MJ, Sanchez JS, Johnson KA, Sperling RA, Schultz AP. Inferior temporal tau is associated with accelerated prospective cortical thinning in clinically normal older adults. Neuroimage 2020; 220:116991. [PMID: 32512123 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibrillary tau tangles are a hallmark pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are more closely associated with AD-related cortical atrophy and symptom severity than amyloid-beta (Aβ). However, studies regarding the effect of tau on longitudinal cortical thinning, particularly in healthy aging and preclinical AD, have been limited in number due to the relatively recent introduction of in vivo PET tracers for imaging tau pathology. Here, we investigate [18F]-flortaucipir (FTP, a marker of paired helical filament tau) PET as a predictor of atrophy in healthy aging and preclinical AD. We examine longitudinal structural MRI brain imaging data, retrospectively and prospectively relative to FTP imaging, using piecewise linear mixed-effect models with time centered at each participant's FTP-PET session. Participants include 111 individuals from the Harvard Aging Brain Study who underwent at least three MRI sessions over an average of 4.46 years and one FTP-PET at the approximate midpoint of the observation period. Our primary analyses focus on inferior temporal (IT) FTP standardized uptake value ratios and longitudinal FreeSurfer defined cortical regions of interest. Relationships were also explored using other regional FTP measures (entorhinal, composite, and local), within high and low Pittsburgh compound-B (PiB) PET groups, and with longitudinal subcortical volume. Strong associations between IT FTP and cortical thinning were found, most notably in temporal, midline, and prefrontal regions, with stronger effects generally observed in the prospective as compared to retrospective time frame. Significant differences between prospective and retrospective rates of thinning were found in the inferior and middle temporal gyri, cingulate areas, as well as pars orbitalis such that higher IT FTP was associated with greater prospective rates of thinning. Within the high PiB group, significant differences between prospective and retrospective rates of thinning were similarly observed. However, no consistent pattern of tau-related change in cortical thickness within the low PiB group was discerned. These results provide support for the hypothesis that tau pathology is a driver of future atrophy as well as provide additional evidence for tau-PET as an effective AD biomarker for interventional clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Scott
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia L Hampton
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel F Buckley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Melbourne School of Psychological Science, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jasmeer P Chhatwal
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernard J Hanseeuw
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heidi Il Jacobs
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J Properzi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin S Sanchez
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith A Johnson
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron P Schultz
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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de Flores R, Wisse LE, Das SR, Xie L, McMillan CT, Trojanowski JQ, Robinson JL, Grossman M, Lee E, Irwin DJ, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA. Contribution of mixed pathology to medial temporal lobe atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:843-852. [PMID: 32323446 PMCID: PMC7715004 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is unclear how different proteinopathies (tau, transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 [TDP-43], amyloid β [Aβ], and α-synuclein) contribute to atrophy within medial temporal lobe (MTL) subregions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS We utilized antemortem structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to measure MTL substructures and examined the relative contribution of tau, TDP-43, Aβ, and α-synuclein measured in post-mortem tissue from 92 individuals with intermediate to high AD neuropathology. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed for each subregion in order to discriminate TDP-43-negative and TDP-43-positive patients. RESULTS TDP-43 was strongly associated with anterior MTL regions, whereas tau was relatively more associated with the posterior hippocampus. Among the MTL regions, the anterior hippocampus showed the highest area under the ROC curve (AUC). DISCUSSION We found specific contributions of different pathologies on MTL substructure in this population with AD neuropathology. The anterior hippocampus may be a relevant region to detect concomitant TDP-43 pathology in the MTL of patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin de Flores
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura E.M. Wisse
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sandhitsu R. Das
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Long Xie
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Corey T. McMillan
- Penn FTD Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Q. Trojanowski
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John L. Robinson
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn FTD Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David J. Irwin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn FTD Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul A. Yushkevich
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A. Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Utianski RL, Martin PR, Botha H, Schwarz CG, Duffy JR, Petersen RC, Knopman DS, Clark HM, Butts AM, Machulda MM, Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Longitudinal flortaucipir ([ 18F]AV-1451) PET imaging in primary progressive apraxia of speech. Cortex 2020; 124:33-43. [PMID: 31830664 PMCID: PMC7060829 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS) is a term used to describe a neurodegenerative condition in which apraxia of speech (AOS; a planning and/or programming deficit) occurs in the absence of aphasia (a language deficit). PPAOS is strongly associated with 4-repeat tau pathology. Elevated flortaucipir ([18F]AV-1451; FTP) uptake has been observed cross-sectionally in patients with PPAOS and those with aphasia. Here, we evaluated longitudinal changes in previously-identified regions of uptake and their relationship with clinical presentation. Thirteen patients who were diagnosed with PPAOS (5 female) at presentation underwent FTP PET imaging at two visits (mean 1 year interval). Median age was 72, with a median of 4 years disease duration at initial testing. Beta-amyloid status was assessed with Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB), where a global PiB ratio>1.48 was deemed amyloid positive (n = 4). FTP uptake was assessed as cortical to cerebellar crus ratios (SUVr) in cortical regions of interest. A single hierarchical linear model (HLM) compared PPAOS patients to 52 cognitively unimpaired controls of similar age and sex. Annualized SUVr change was the outcome, predicted by region, clinical status, and age. Person-specific effects accounted for intra-patient correlations and contralateral regions were included as repeated measures. Changes in clinical measures were assessed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests; statistically significant changes in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MDS-UPDRS, motor section, and PSP Rating Scale were noted between visits. Changes in FTP SUVr were greater for patients than controls. The strongest changes in PPAOS patients were in the precentral gyrus, pallidum, and mid and superior frontal gyri, per the HLM. Qualitatively, larger changes were seen in patients who had developed aphasia by the time of their baseline scan (n = 5). While the biological mechanisms of FTP signal in non-AD tauopathies are unknown, this study demonstrates the utility of FTP in tracking disease progression in 4R tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter R Martin
- Department of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hugo Botha
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Joseph R Duffy
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alissa M Butts
- Department of Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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La Joie R, Visani AV, Baker SL, Brown JA, Bourakova V, Cha J, Chaudhary K, Edwards L, Iaccarino L, Janabi M, Lesman-Segev OH, Miller ZA, Perry DC, O'Neil JP, Pham J, Rojas JC, Rosen HJ, Seeley WW, Tsai RM, Miller BL, Jagust WJ, Rabinovici GD. Prospective longitudinal atrophy in Alzheimer's disease correlates with the intensity and topography of baseline tau-PET. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaau5732. [PMID: 31894103 PMCID: PMC7035952 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau5732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
β-Amyloid plaques and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles are the two neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are thought to play crucial roles in a neurodegenerative cascade leading to dementia. Both lesions can now be visualized in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers, opening new opportunities to study disease mechanisms and improve patients' diagnostic and prognostic evaluation. In a group of 32 patients at early symptomatic AD stages, we tested whether β-amyloid and tau-PET could predict subsequent brain atrophy measured using longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging acquired at the time of PET and 15 months later. Quantitative analyses showed that the global intensity of tau-PET, but not β-amyloid-PET, signal predicted the rate of subsequent atrophy, independent of baseline cortical thickness. Additional investigations demonstrated that the specific distribution of tau-PET signal was a strong indicator of the topography of future atrophy at the single patient level and that the relationship between baseline tau-PET and subsequent atrophy was particularly strong in younger patients. These data support disease models in which tau pathology is a major driver of local neurodegeneration and highlight the relevance of tau-PET as a precision medicine tool to help predict individual patient's progression and design future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaud La Joie
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Adrienne V Visani
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne L Baker
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Viktoriya Bourakova
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jungho Cha
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kiran Chaudhary
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Edwards
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Leonardo Iaccarino
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mustafa Janabi
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Orit H Lesman-Segev
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zachary A Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David C Perry
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James P O'Neil
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Julie Pham
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julio C Rojas
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Richard M Tsai
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William J Jagust
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Chandra A, Valkimadi PE, Pagano G, Cousins O, Dervenoulas G, Politis M. Applications of amyloid, tau, and neuroinflammation PET imaging to Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:5424-5442. [PMID: 31520513 PMCID: PMC6864887 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating and progressive neurodegenerative disease for which there is no cure. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a prodromal stage of the disease. Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) allows for the in vivo visualisation and tracking of pathophysiological changes in AD and MCI. PET is a very promising methodology for differential diagnosis and novel targets of PET imaging might also serve as biomarkers for disease-modifying therapeutic interventions. This review provides an overview of the current status and applications of in vivo molecular imaging of AD pathology, specifically amyloid, tau, and microglial activation. PET imaging studies were included and evaluated as potential biomarkers and for monitoring disease progression. Although the majority of radiotracers showed the ability to discriminate AD and MCI patients from healthy controls, they had various limitations that prevent the recommendation of a single technique or tracer as an optimal biomarker. Newer research examining amyloid, tau, and microglial PET imaging in combination suggest an alternative approach in studying the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Chandra
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group (NIG), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - Polytimi-Eleni Valkimadi
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group (NIG), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - Gennaro Pagano
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group (NIG), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - Oliver Cousins
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group (NIG), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - George Dervenoulas
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group (NIG), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - Marios Politis
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group (NIG), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London (KCL), London, UK
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Llibre-Guerra JJ, Li Y, Schindler SE, Gordon BA, Fagan AM, Morris JC, Benzinger TLS, Hassenstab J, Wang G, Allegri R, Berman SB, Chhatwal J, Farlow MR, Holtzman DM, Jucker M, Levin J, Noble JM, Salloway S, Schofield P, Karch C, Fox NC, Xiong C, Bateman RJ, McDade E. Association of Longitudinal Changes in Cerebrospinal Fluid Total Tau and Phosphorylated Tau 181 and Brain Atrophy With Disease Progression in Patients With Alzheimer Disease. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e1917126. [PMID: 31825500 PMCID: PMC6991202 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.17126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration (A/T/N) framework uses cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of total tau (tTau) as a marker of neurodegeneration and CSF levels of phosphorylated tau 181 (pTau181) as a marker of tau tangles. However, it is unclear whether CSF levels of tTau and pTau181 have similar or different trajectories over the course of Alzheimer disease. OBJECTIVES To examine the rates of change in CSF levels of tTau and pTau181 across the Alzheimer disease course and how the rates of change are associated with brain atrophy as measured by magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study was set in tertiary research clinics. Each participant was a member of a pedigree with a known mutation for dominantly inherited Alzheimer disease. Participants were divided into 3 groups on the basis of the presence of a mutation and their Clinical Dementia Rating score. Data analysis was performed in June 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Rates of change of CSF tTau and pTau181 levels and their association with the rate of change of brain volume. RESULTS Data from 465 participants (283 mutation carriers and 182 noncarriers) were analyzed. The mean (SD) age of the cohort was 37.8 (11.3) years, and 262 (56.3%) were women. The mean (SD) follow-up duration was 2.7 (1.5) years. Two or more longitudinal CSF and magnetic resonance imaging assessments were available for 160 and 247 participants, respectively. Sixty-five percent of mutation carriers (183) did not have symptoms at baseline (Clinical Dementia Rating score, 0). For mutation carriers, the annual rates of change for CSF tTau and pTau181 became significantly different from 0 approximately 10 years before the estimated year of onset (mean [SE] rates of change, 5.5 [2.8] for tTau [P = .05] and 0.7 [0.3] for pTau 181 [P = .04]) and 15 years before onset (mean [SE] rates of change, 5.4 [3.9] for tTau [P = .17] and 1.1 [0.5] for pTau181 [P = .03]), respectively. The rate of change of pTau181 was positive and increased at the early stages of the disease, showing a positive rate of change starting at 15 estimated years before onset until 5 estimated years before onset (mean [SE], 0.4 [0.3]), followed by a positive but decreasing rate of change at year 0 (mean [SE], 0.1 [0.3]) and then negative rates of change at 5 years (mean [SE], -0.3 [0.4]) and 10 years (mean [SE], -0.6 [0.6]) after symptom onset. In individuals without symptoms (Clinical Dementia Rating score, 0), the rates of change of CSF tTau and pTau181 were negatively associated with brain atrophy (high rates of change in CSF measures were associated with low rates of change in brain volume in asymptomatic stages). After symptom onset (Clinical Dementia Rating score, >0), an increased rate of brain atrophy was not associated with rates of change of levels of both CSF tTau and pTau181. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that CSF tTau and pTau181 may have different associations with brain atrophy across the disease time course. These results have implications for understanding the dynamics of disease pathobiology and interpreting neuronal injury biomarker concentrations in response to Alzheimer disease progression and disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Brian A. Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Anne M. Fagan
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - John C. Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, St Louis, Missouri
- Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Jason Hassenstab
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Guoqiao Wang
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Cellular Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ricardo Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sarah B. Berman
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, St Louis, Missouri
- Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Mathias Jucker
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Cellular Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Munich, Germany
- SyNergy, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - James M. Noble
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease, Aging Brain G.H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephen Salloway
- Memory & Aging Program, Butler Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Peter Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Celeste Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Nick C. Fox
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Department of Biostatistics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Randall J. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric McDade
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
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Nicastro N, Rodriguez PV, Malpetti M, Bevan-Jones WR, Simon Jones P, Passamonti L, Aigbirhio FI, O'Brien JT, Rowe JB. 18F-AV1451 PET imaging and multimodal MRI changes in progressive supranuclear palsy. J Neurol 2019; 267:341-349. [PMID: 31641878 PMCID: PMC6989441 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is characterized by deposition of straight filament tau aggregates in the grey matter (GM) of deep nuclei and cerebellum. We examined the relationship between tau pathology (assessed via 18F-AV1451 PET) and multimodal MRI imaging using GM volume, cortical thickness (CTh), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods Twenty-three people with clinically probable PSP-Richardson’s syndrome (age 68.8 ± 5.8 years, 39% female) and 23 controls underwent structural 3 T brain MRI including DTI. Twenty-one patients also had 18F-AV1451 PET imaging. Voxelwise volume-based morphometry, surface-based morphometry, and DTI correlations were performed with 18F-AV1451 binding in typical PSP regions of interest (putamen, thalamus and dentate cerebellum). Clinical impairment was also assessed in relation to the different imaging modalities. Results PSP subjects showed GM volume loss in frontotemporal regions, basal ganglia, midbrain, and cerebellum (FDR-corrected p < 0.05), reduced CTh in the left entorhinal and fusiform gyrus (p < 0.001) as well as DTI changes in the corpus callosum, internal capsule, and superior longitudinal fasciculus (FWE-corrected p < 0.05). In PSP, higher 18F-AV1451 binding correlated with GM volume loss in frontal regions, DTI changes in motor tracts, and cortical thinning in parietooccipital areas. Cognitive impairment was related to decreased GM volume in frontotemporal regions, thalamus and pallidum, as well as DTI alteration in corpus callosum and cingulum. Conclusion This cross-sectional study demonstrates an association between in vivo proxy measures of tau pathology and grey and white matter degeneration in PSP. This adds to the present literature about the complex interplay between structural changes and protein deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Nicastro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Vazquez Rodriguez
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Maura Malpetti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - William Richard Bevan-Jones
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - P Simon Jones
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Luca Passamonti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK.,Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Di Bioimmagini E Fisiologia Molecolare (IBFM), Milano, Italy
| | | | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James B Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK. .,Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK.
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Higher CSF Tau Levels Are Related to Hippocampal Hyperactivity and Object Mnemonic Discrimination in Older Adults. J Neurosci 2019; 39:8788-8797. [PMID: 31541019 PMCID: PMC6820211 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1279-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mnemonic discrimination, the ability to distinguish similar events in memory, relies on subregions in the human medial temporal lobes (MTLs). Tau pathology is frequently found within the MTL of older adults and therefore likely to affect mnemonic discrimination, even in healthy older individuals. The MTL subregions that are known to be affected early by tau pathology, the perirhinal-transentorhinal region (area 35) and the anterior-lateral entorhinal cortex (alEC), have recently been implicated in the mnemonic discrimination of objects rather than scenes. Here we used an object-scene mnemonic discrimination task in combination with fMRI recordings and analyzed the relationship between subregional MTL activity, memory performance, and levels of total and phosphorylated tau as well as Aβ42/40 ratio in CSF. We show that activity in alEC was associated with mnemonic discrimination of similar objects but not scenes in male and female cognitively unimpaired older adults. Importantly, CSF tau levels were associated with increased fMRI activity in the hippocampus, and both increased hippocampal activity as well as tau levels were associated with mnemonic discrimination of objects, but again not scenes. This suggests that dysfunction of the alEC-hippocampus object mnemonic discrimination network might be a marker for tau-related cognitive decline.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Subregions in the human medial temporal lobe are critically involved in episodic memory and, at the same time, affected by tau pathology. Impaired object mnemonic discrimination performance as well as aberrant activity within the entorhinal-hippocampal circuitry have been reported in earlier studies involving older individuals, but it has thus far remained elusive whether and how tau pathology is implicated in this specific impairment. Using task-related fMRI in combination with measures of tau pathology in CSF, we show that measures of tau pathology are associated with increased hippocampal activity and reduced mnemonic discrimination of similar objects but not scenes. This suggests that object mnemonic discrimination tasks could be promising markers for tau-related cognitive decline.
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40
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Das SR, Xie L, Wisse LEM, Vergnet N, Ittyerah R, Cui S, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA. In vivo measures of tau burden are associated with atrophy in early Braak stage medial temporal lobe regions in amyloid-negative individuals. Alzheimers Dement 2019; 15:1286-1295. [PMID: 31495603 PMCID: PMC6941656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is unclear the degree to which tau pathology in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) measured by 18F-flortaucipir positron emission tomography relates to MTL subregional atrophy and whether this relationship differs between amyloid-β-positive and amyloid-β-negative individuals. METHODS We analyzed correlation of MTL 18F-flortaucipir uptake with MTL subregional atrophy measured with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in a region of interest and regional thickness analysis and determined the relationship between memory performance and positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging measures. RESULTS Both groups showed strong correlations between 18F-flortaucipir uptake and atrophy, with similar spatial patterns. Effects in the rhinal cortex recapitulated Braak staging. Correlations of memory recall with atrophy and tracer uptake were observed. DISCUSSION Correlation patterns between tau burden and atrophy in the amyloid-β-negative group mimicking early Braak stages suggests that 18F-flortaucipir is sensitive to tau pathology in primary age-related tauopathy. Correlations of imaging measures with memory performance indicate that this pathology is associated with poorer cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhitsu R Das
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Alzheimer's Disease Core Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Long Xie
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura E M Wisse
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicolas Vergnet
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ranjit Ittyerah
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Salena Cui
- Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul A Yushkevich
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Alzheimer's Disease Core Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Alzheimer's Disease Core Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ziontz J, Bilgel M, Shafer AT, Moghekar A, Elkins W, Helphrey J, Gomez G, June D, McDonald MA, Dannals RF, Azad BB, Ferrucci L, Wong DF, Resnick SM. Tau pathology in cognitively normal older adults. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING 2019; 11:637-645. [PMID: 31517026 PMCID: PMC6732758 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Tau pathology, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, is observed in the brains of virtually all individuals over 70 years. Methods Using 18F-AV-1451 (18F-flortaucipir) positron emission tomography, we evaluated tau pathology in 54 cognitively normal participants (mean age: 77.5 years, SD: 8.9) from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. We assessed associations between positron emission tomography signal and age, sex, race, and amyloid positivity. We investigated relationships between regional signal and retrospective rates of change in regional volumes and cognitive function adjusting for age, sex, and amyloid status. Results Greater age, male sex, black race, and amyloid positivity were associated with higher 18F-AV-1451 retention in distinct brain regions. Retention in the entorhinal cortex was associated with lower entorhinal volume (β = −1.124, SE = 0.485, P = .025) and a steeper decline in memory performance (β = −0.086, SE = 0.039, P = .029). Discussion Assessment of medial temporal tau pathology will provide insights into early structural brain changes associated with later cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Age and amyloid-associated tau positron emission tomography (PET) differences in frontal, temporal, and occipital areas. Entorhinal tau PET associated with lower volume in the same region. Medial temporal tau PET related to memory decline in older cognitively normals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Ziontz
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Murat Bilgel
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrea T Shafer
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhay Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, JHU School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wendy Elkins
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Helphrey
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gabriela Gomez
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Danielle June
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael A McDonald
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School (JHU) of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert F Dannals
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School (JHU) of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Babak Behnam Azad
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School (JHU) of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dean F Wong
- Department of Neurology, JHU School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School (JHU) of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, JHU School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, JHU School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Timmers T, Ossenkoppele R, Wolters EE, Verfaillie SCJ, Visser D, Golla SSV, Barkhof F, Scheltens P, Boellaard R, van der Flier WM, van Berckel BNM. Associations between quantitative [ 18F]flortaucipir tau PET and atrophy across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2019; 11:60. [PMID: 31272512 PMCID: PMC6610969 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-019-0510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Neuropathological studies have linked tau aggregates to neuronal loss. To describe the spatial distribution of neurofibrillary tangle pathology in post-mortem tissue, Braak staging has been used. The aim of this study was to examine in vivo associations between tau pathology, quantified with [18F]flortaucipir PET in regions corresponding to Braak stages, and atrophy across the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) spectrum. Methods We included 100 subjects, including 58 amyloid-β positive patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 6) or AD dementia (n = 52) and 42 controls with subjective cognitive decline (36% amyloid-β positive). All subjects underwent a dynamic [18F]flortaucipir PET to generate non-displaceable binding potential (BPND) maps. We extracted average [18F]flortaucipir BPND entorhinal, Braak III–IV (limbic) and Braak V–VI (neocortical) regions of interest (ROIs). T1-weighted MRI was used to assess gray matter (GM) volumes. We performed linear regression analyses using [18F]flortaucipir BPND ROIs as independent and GM density (ROI or voxelwise) as dependent variable. Results In MCI/AD subjects (age [mean ± SD] 65 ± 8 years, MMSE 23 ± 4), [18F]flortaucipir BPND was higher than in controls (age 65 ± 8, MMSE 29 ± 1) across all ROIs (entorhinal 0.06 ± 0.21 vs 0.46 ± 0.25 p < 0.001, Braak III–IV 0.11 ± 0.10 vs 0.46 ± 0.26, p < 0.001, Braak V–VI 0.07 ± 0.07 vs 0.38 ± 0.29, p < 0.001). In MCI/AD, greater [18F]flortaucipir BPND in entorhinal cortex was associated with lower GM density in medial temporal lobe (β − 0.40, p < 0.001). Greater [18F]flortaucipir BPND in ROI Braak III–IV and Braak V–VI was associated with smaller GM density in lateral and inferior temporal, parietal, occipital, and frontal lobes (range standardized βs − 0.30 to − 0.55, p < 0.01), but not in medial temporal lobe (β − 0.22, p 0.07). [18F]Flortaucipir BPND in ROI Braak I–II was not associated with GM density loss anywhere. When quantifying [18F]flortaucipir BPND across brain lobes, we observed both local and distant associations with GM atrophy. In controls, there were no significant associations between [18F]flortaucipir BPND and GM density (standardized βs ranging from − 0.24 to 0.02, all p > 0.05). Conclusions In MCI/AD patients, [18F]flortaucipir binding in entorhinal, limbic, and neocortical regions was associated with cortical atrophy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13195-019-0510-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Timmers
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Amsterdam Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Amsterdam Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma E Wolters
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander C J Verfaillie
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Denise Visser
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandeep S V Golla
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCLK, London, UK
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Amsterdam Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Amsterdam Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Planche V, Coupé P, Helmer C, Le Goff M, Amieva H, Tison F, Dartigues JF, Catheline G. Evolution of brain atrophy subtypes during aging predicts long-term cognitive decline and future Alzheimer's clinical syndrome. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 79:22-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Sintini I, Martin PR, Graff-Radford J, Senjem ML, Schwarz CG, Machulda MM, Spychalla AJ, Drubach DA, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Lowe VJ, Jack CR, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Longitudinal tau-PET uptake and atrophy in atypical Alzheimer's disease. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 23:101823. [PMID: 31004914 PMCID: PMC6475765 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were: to examine regional rates of change in tau-PET uptake and grey matter volume in atypical Alzheimer's disease (AD); to investigate the role of age in such changes; to describe multimodal regional relationships between tau accumulation and atrophy. Thirty atypical AD patients underwent baseline and one-year follow-up MRI, [18F]AV-1451 PET and PiB PET. Region- and voxel-level rates of tau accumulation and grey matter atrophy relative to cognitively unimpaired individuals, and the influence of age on such rates, were assessed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed between baseline measurements and rates of change, between baseline tau and atrophy, and between the two rates of change. Regional patterns of change in tau and volume differed, with highest rates of tau accumulation in frontal lobe and highest rates of atrophy in temporoparietal regions. Age had a negative effect on disease progression, predominantly on tau, with younger patients having a more rapid accumulation. Baseline tau uptake and regions of tau accumulation were disconnected, with high baseline tau uptake across the cortex correlated with high rates of tau accumulation in frontal and sensorimotor regions. In contrast, baseline volume and atrophy were locally related in the occipitoparietal regions. Higher tau uptake at baseline was locally related to higher rates of atrophy in frontal and occipital lobes. Tau accumulation rates positively correlated with rates of atrophy. In summary, our study showed that tau accumulation and atrophy presented different regional patterns in atypical AD, with tau spreading into the frontal lobes while atrophy remains in temporoparietal and occipital cortex, suggesting a temporal disconnect between protein deposition and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sintini
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Peter R Martin
- Department of Health Science Research (Biostatistics), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Matthew L Senjem
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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45
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Knopman DS, Lundt ES, Therneau TM, Vemuri P, Lowe VJ, Kantarci K, Gunter JL, Senjem ML, Mielke MM, Machulda MM, Boeve BF, Jones DT, Graff-Radford J, Albertson SM, Schwarz CG, Petersen RC, Jack CR. Entorhinal cortex tau, amyloid-β, cortical thickness and memory performance in non-demented subjects. Brain 2019; 142:1148-1160. [PMID: 30759182 PMCID: PMC6439321 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As more biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and age-related brain conditions become available, more sophisticated analytic approaches are needed to take full advantage of the information they convey. Most work has been done using categorical approaches but the joint relationships of tau PET, amyloid PET and cortical thickness in their continuous distributions to cognition have been under-explored. We evaluated non-demented subjects over age 50 years in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, 2037 of whom had undergone 3 T MRI scan, 985 amyloid PET scan with 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) and MRI, and 577 PIB-PET, 18F-AV1451 flortaucipir PET and MRI. Participants received a nine-test cognitive battery. Three test scores (logical memory delayed recall, visual reproduction delayed recall and auditory verbal learning test delayed recall) were used to generate a memory composite z-score. We used Gradient Boosting Machine models to analyse the relationship between regional cortical thickness, flortaucipir PET signal, PIB-PET signal and memory z-scores. Age, education, sex and number of test exposures were included in the model as covariates. In this population-based study of non-demented subjects, most of the associations between biomarkers and memory z-scores accrued after 70 years of age. Entorhinal cortex exhibited the strongest associations between biomarkers and memory z-scores. Other temporal regions showed similar but attenuated associations, and non-temporal regions had negligible associations between memory z-scores and biomarkers. Entorhinal flortaucipir PET signal, PIB-PET signal and entorhinal cortical thickness were independently and additively associated with declining memory z-scores. In contrast to global PIB-PET signal where only very high amyloid-β levels were associated low memory z-scores, entorhinal flortaucipir PET signal just above background levels was associated with low memory z-scores. The lowest memory z-scores occurred with the confluence of elevated entorhinal flortaucipir PET signal and lower entorhinal cortical thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily S Lundt
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Terry M Therneau
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - David T Jones
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Abstract
Brain imaging studies have shown that slow and progressive cerebral atrophy characterized the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Despite a large number of studies dedicated to AD, key questions about the lifespan evolution of AD biomarkers remain open. When does the AD model diverge from the normal aging model? What is the lifespan trajectory of imaging biomarkers for AD? How do the trajectories of biomarkers in AD differ from normal aging? To answer these questions, we proposed an innovative way by inferring brain structure model across the entire lifespan using a massive number of MRI (N = 4329). We compared the normal model based on 2944 control subjects with the pathological model based on 3262 patients (AD + Mild cognitive Impaired subjects) older than 55 years and controls younger than 55 years. Our study provides evidences of early divergence of the AD models from the normal aging trajectory before 40 years for the hippocampus, followed by the lateral ventricles and the amygdala around 40 years. Moreover, our lifespan model reveals the evolution of these biomarkers and suggests close abnormality evolution for the hippocampus and the amygdala, whereas trajectory of ventricular enlargement appears to follow an inverted U-shape. Finally, our models indicate that medial temporal lobe atrophy and ventricular enlargement are two mid-life physiopathological events characterizing AD brain.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this study was to discuss the contribution of neuroimaging studies to our understanding of Alzheimer's disease. We now have the capability of measuring both tau and beta-amyloid (Aβ) proteins in the brain, which together with more traditional neuroimaging modalities, has led the field to focus on using neuroimaging to better characterize disease mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease. RECENT FINDINGS Studies have utilized tau and Aβ PET, as well as [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET, and structural and functional MRI, to investigate the following topics: phenotypic variability in Alzheimer's disease , including how neuroimaging findings are related to clinical phenotype and age; multimodality analyses to investigate the relationships between different neuroimaging modalities and what that teaches us about disease mechanisms; disease staging by assessing neuroimaging changes in the very earliest phases of the disease in cognitively normal individuals and individuals carrying an autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease mutation; and influence of other comorbidities and proteins to the disease process. SUMMARY The findings shed light on the role of tau and Aβ, as well as age and other comorbidities, in the neurodegenerative process in Alzheimer's disease. This knowledge will be crucial in the development of better disease biomarkers and targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Jadhav S, Avila J, Schöll M, Kovacs GG, Kövari E, Skrabana R, Evans LD, Kontsekova E, Malawska B, de Silva R, Buee L, Zilka N. A walk through tau therapeutic strategies. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:22. [PMID: 30767766 PMCID: PMC6376692 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau neuronal and glial pathologies drive the clinical presentation of Alzheimer's disease and related human tauopathies. There is a growing body of evidence indicating that pathological tau species can travel from cell to cell and spread the pathology through the brain. Throughout the last decade, physiological and pathological tau have become attractive targets for AD therapies. Several therapeutic approaches have been proposed, including the inhibition of protein kinases or protein-3-O-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)-L-serine/threonine Nacetylglucosaminyl hydrolase, the inhibition of tau aggregation, active and passive immunotherapies, and tau silencing by antisense oligonucleotides. New tau therapeutics, across the board, have demonstrated the ability to prevent or reduce tau lesions and improve either cognitive or motor impairment in a variety of animal models developing neurofibrillary pathology. The most advanced strategy for the treatment of human tauopathies remains immunotherapy, which has already reached the clinical stage of drug development. Tau vaccines or humanised antibodies target a variety of tau species either in the intracellular or extracellular spaces. Some of them recognise the amino-terminus or carboxy-terminus, while others display binding abilities to the proline-rich area or microtubule binding domains. The main therapeutic foci in existing clinical trials are on Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy and non-fluent primary progressive aphasia. Tau therapy offers a new hope for the treatment of many fatal brain disorders. First efficacy data from clinical trials will be available by the end of this decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Jadhav
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvorakovo nabrezie 10, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jesus Avila
- Centro de Biologia Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones, Cientificas, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, C/ Nicolas Cabrera, 1. Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative, Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Schöll
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of, Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, AKH 4J, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1097, Vienna, Austria
| | - Enikö Kövari
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rostislav Skrabana
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvorakovo nabrezie 10, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lewis D Evans
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Eva Kontsekova
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvorakovo nabrezie 10, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
| | - Rohan de Silva
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Luc Buee
- Universite of Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, UMRS1172, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Place de Verdun, 59045, Lille cedex, France.
| | - Norbert Zilka
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvorakovo nabrezie 10, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Halawa OA, Gatchel JR, Amariglio RE, Rentz DM, Sperling RA, Johnson KA, Marshall GA. Inferior and medial temporal tau and cortical amyloid are associated with daily functional impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2019; 11:14. [PMID: 30704519 PMCID: PMC6357436 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-019-0471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decline in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) correlates with the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and has been associated with frontal and parietal hypometabolism, lower cerebrospinal fluid amyloid β1-42, and inferior temporal cortical thinning. Identifying the underlying biomarkers of functional decline will allow for the early identification of individuals at risk of disease progression. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between IADL impairment and in vivo regional cerebral tau and cortical amyloid deposition across clinically normal (CN) elderly, MCI, and AD dementia. METHODS Fifty-one CN elderly, 30 MCI, and 9 AD dementia participants of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) underwent assessment of regional tau deposition with flortaucipir (FTP) positron emission tomography (PET). An aggregate of cortical amyloid burden was assessed by florbetapir PET. IADL were assessed using the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). Tau regions with unadjusted correlations of p ≤ 0.006 (Bonferroni correction) with FAQ were used to evaluate the cross-sectional association between FAQ (dependent variable) and regional cerebral tau deposition, amyloid burden, and tau-amyloid interaction in separate general linear regression models with backward elimination. Covariates included age, American National Adult Reading Test (AMNART) intelligence quotient (IQ), and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) total learning. RESULTS Unadjusted correlations between FAQ and tau in the entorhinal cortex (EC) and inferior temporal cortex (IT) survived Bonferroni correction. FAQ was associated with the tau-amyloid interaction, such that in participants with greater amyloid burden, greater IADL impairment was associated with greater regional tau (EC tau × amyloid: partial r (pr) = 0.47, p < 0.001; IT tau × amyloid: pr = 0.54, p < 0.001). Significant associations were found when these regression models were repeated in symptomatic participants alone but not among CN participants. CONCLUSIONS Greater medial and inferior temporal tau and cortical amyloid burden were associated with greater IADL impairment in AD. Further elucidation of the biomarkers underlying the functional decline will allow for the early identification of individual at risk of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer R Gatchel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Rebecca E Amariglio
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 9016P, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dorene M Rentz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 9016P, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 9016P, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Keith A Johnson
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 9016P, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gad A Marshall
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 9016P, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Mattsson N, Insel PS, Donohue M, Jögi J, Ossenkoppele R, Olsson T, Schöll M, Smith R, Hansson O. Predicting diagnosis and cognition with 18F-AV-1451 tau PET and structural MRI in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2019; 15:570-580. [PMID: 30639421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relative importance of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tau positron emission tomography (PET) to predict diagnosis and cognition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unclear. METHODS We tested 56 cognitively unimpaired controls (including 27 preclinical AD), 32 patients with prodromal AD, and 39 patients with AD dementia. Optimal classifiers were constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator with 18F-AV-1451 (tau) PET and structural MRI data (regional cortical thickness and subcortical volumes). RESULTS 18F-AV-1451 in the amygdala, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, fusiform, and inferior parietal lobule had 93% diagnostic accuracy for AD (prodromal or dementia). The MRI classifier involved partly the same regions plus the hippocampus, with 83% accuracy, but did not improve upon the tau classifier. 18F-AV-1451 retention and MRI were independently associated with cognition. DISCUSSION Optimized tau PET classifiers may diagnose AD with high accuracy, but both tau PET and structural brain MRI capture partly unique information relevant for the clinical deterioration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Mattsson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Philip S Insel
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Donohue
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jonas Jögi
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; VU University Medical Center, Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Schöll
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ruben Smith
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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