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Eldridge A, Lohman E, Asavasopon S, Gharibvand L, Michener L. External handheld loads affect scapular elevation and upward rotation during shoulder elevation tasks. Int Biomech 2024; 11:1-8. [PMID: 38501436 PMCID: PMC10953777 DOI: 10.1080/23335432.2024.2332212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Altered scapular kinematics is associated with shoulder pain. Resistance exercise is a common treatment; however, the effects of lifting an external load on scapular kinematics is limited. Understanding whether an external handheld load affects scapular kinematics in a healthy population can provide normal values utilized for comparison to individuals with shoulder pain. Currently, no studies have examined the effect of incrementally increased handheld loads. We defined the effects of varying external handheld loads on scapular kinematics during a shoulder elevation task. Healthy participants (n = 50) elevated their shoulder in the scapular plane over 4 trials. One trial of no loading (control) and 3 trials with incrementally increased external handheld loads. Scapular kinematic rotations and translations were measured during ascent and descent phases using 3D motion capture. Compared to no load, the highest external load during ascent increased scapular elevation [mean difference = 3.2 degrees (95%CI: 0.9, 5.4), p = 0.006], and during descent increased scapular elevation [mean difference = 3.9 degrees (95%CI: 2.8, 5.1), p < 0.001] and increased scapular upward rotation [mean difference = 4.5 degrees (95%CI: 2.4, 6.6), p < 0.001]. External handheld loads result in small increases in scapular elevation and scapular upward rotation. These results should be utilized as normal values to compare to individuals with shoulder pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Eldridge
- Physical Therapy Department, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, US
| | - Everett Lohman
- Physical Therapy Department, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, US
| | - Skulpan Asavasopon
- Division of Biokinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, US
| | - Lida Gharibvand
- Physical Therapy Department, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, US
| | - Lori Michener
- Division of Biokinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, US
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2
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Kim S, Paterson KB, Nam K, Lee C. Lateralized displays reveal the perceptual locus of the syllable transposition effect in Korean. Neuropsychologia 2024; 199:108907. [PMID: 38734179 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Studies of letter transposition effects in alphabetic scripts provide compelling evidence that letter position is encoded flexibly during reading, potentially during an early, perceptual stage of visual word recognition. Recent studies additionally suggest similar flexibility in the spatial encoding of syllabic information in the Korean Hangul script. With the present research, we conducted two experiments to investigate the locus of this syllabic transposition effect. In Experiment 1, lexical decisions for foveal stimulus presentations were less accurate and slower for four-syllable nonwords created by transposing two syllables in a base word as compared to control nonwords, replicating prior evidence for a transposed syllable effect in Korean word recognition. In Experiment 2, the same stimuli were presented to the right and left visual hemifields (i.e., RVF and LVF), which project both unilaterally and contralaterally to each participant's left and right cerebral hemisphere (i.e., LH and RH) respectively, using lateralized stimulus displays. Lexical decisions revealed a syllable transposition effect in the accuracy and latency of lexical decisions for both RVF and LVF presentations. However, response times for correct responses were longer in the LVF, and therefore the RH, as compared to the RVF/LH. As the LVF/RH appears to be selectively sensitive to the visual-perceptual attributes of words, the findings suggest that this syllable transposition effect partly finds its locus within a perceptual stage of processing. We discuss these findings in relation to current models of the spatial encoding of orthographic information during visual word recognition and accounts of visual word recognition in Korean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyub Kim
- Department of Psychology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kevin B Paterson
- School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Kichun Nam
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Changhwan Lee
- Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Brown RE. Measuring the replicability of our own research. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 406:110111. [PMID: 38521128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In the study of transgenic mouse models of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, we use batteries of tests to measure deficits in behaviour and from the results of these tests, we make inferences about the mental states of the mice that we interpret as deficits in "learning", "memory", "anxiety", "depression", etc. This paper discusses the problems of determining whether a particular transgenic mouse is a valid mouse model of disease X, the problem of background strains, and the question of whether our behavioural tests are measuring what we say they are. The problem of the reliability of results is then discussed: are they replicable between labs and can we replicate our results in our own lab? This involves the study of intra- and inter- experimenter reliability. The variables that influence replicability and the importance of conducting a complete behavioural phenotype: sensory, motor, cognitive and social emotional behaviour are discussed. Then the thorny question of failure to replicate is examined: Is it a curse or a blessing? Finally, the role of failure in research and what it tells us about our research paradigms is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Brown
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
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4
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Avila C, Sarter M. Cortico-striatal action control inherent of opponent cognitive-motivational styles. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.12.584623. [PMID: 38559086 PMCID: PMC10979997 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.12.584623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Turning on cue or stopping at a red light requires the detection of such cues to select action sequences, or suppress action, in accordance with cue-associated action rules. Cortico-striatal projections are an essential part of the brain's attention-motor interface. Glutamate-sensing microelectrode arrays were used to measure glutamate transients in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) of male and female rats walking a treadmill and executing cued turns and stops. Prelimbic-DMS projections were chemogenetically inhibited to determine their behavioral necessity and the cortico-striatal origin of cue-evoked glutamate transients. Furthermore, we investigated rats exhibiting preferably goal-directed (goal trackers, GTs) versus cue-driven attention (sign trackers, STs), to determine the impact of such cognitive-motivational biases on cortico-striatal control. GTs executed more cued turns and initiated such turns more slowly than STs. During turns, but not missed turns or cued stops, cue-evoked glutamate concentrations were higher in GTs than in STs. In conjunction with turn cue-evoked glutamate spike levels, the presence of a single spike rendered GTs to be almost twice as likely to turn than STs. In contrast, multiple glutamate spikes predicted GTs to be less likely to turn than STs. In GTs, but not STs, inhibition of prelimbic-DMS projections attenuated turn rates, turn cue-evoked glutamate peaks, and increased the number of spikes. These findings suggest that turn cue-evoked glutamate release in GTs is tightly controlled by cortico-striatal neuronal activity. In contrast, in STs, glutamate release from DMS glutamatergic terminals may be regulated by other striatal circuitry, preferably mediating cued suppression of action and reward tracking. Significance Statement Adaptive behavior involves the selection of behaviorally significant cues and the capacity of selected cues to control behavioral action. Neuronal projections from cortex to striatum are essential for such an integration of attentional with motor functions. Here we demonstrated that glutamate release from cortico-striatal projections primarily influences cued turns but not cued suppression of actions (cued stops). Cortico-striatal control of cued turning was especially powerful in rats which, as a psychological trait, preferably deploy goal-directed attention. Together, our findings demonstrate the role of cortico-striatal input in cued action selection, and they emphasize the experimental and biopsychological significance of investigating the brain's attentional-motor interface in the context of broader cognitive-motivational styles.
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Noche JA, Radhakrishnan H, Ubele MF, Boaz K, Mefford JL, Jones ED, van Rooyen HY, Perpich JA, McCarty K, Meacham B, Smiley J, Bembenek Bailey SA, Puskás LG, Powell DK, Sordo L, Phelan MJ, Norris CM, Head E, Stark CEL. Age-Related Brain Atrophy and the Positive Effects of Behavioral Enrichment in Middle-Aged Beagles. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2366232024. [PMID: 38561226 PMCID: PMC11097262 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2366-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging dogs serve as a valuable preclinical model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to their natural age-related development of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, human-like metabolism, and large brains that are ideal for studying structural brain aging trajectories from serial neuroimaging. Here we examined the effects of chronic treatment with the calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) tacrolimus or the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-inhibiting compound Q134R on age-related canine brain atrophy from a longitudinal study in middle-aged beagles (36 females, 7 males) undergoing behavioral enrichment. Annual MRI was analyzed using modern, automated techniques for region-of-interest-based and voxel-based volumetric assessments. We found that the frontal lobe showed accelerated atrophy with age, while the caudate nucleus remained relatively stable. Remarkably, the hippocampus increased in volume in all dogs. None of these changes were influenced by tacrolimus or Q134R treatment. Our results suggest that behavioral enrichment can prevent atrophy and increase the volume of the hippocampus but does not prevent aging-associated prefrontal cortex atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamsanandini Radhakrishnan
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | | | - Kathy Boaz
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506
| | | | - Erin D Jones
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lorena Sordo
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697
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Chen L, Deng Z, Asamoah B, Laughlin MM. Trigeminal nerve direct current stimulation causes sustained increase in neural activity in the rat hippocampus. Brain Stimul 2024; 17:648-659. [PMID: 38740183 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method that can modulate many brain functions including learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests that tDCS memory effects may be caused by co-stimulation of scalp nerves such as the trigeminal nerve (TN), and not the electric field in the brain. The TN gives input to brainstem nuclei, including the locus coeruleus that controls noradrenaline release across brain regions, including hippocampus. However, the effects of TN direct current stimulation (TN-DCS) are currently not well understood. HYPOTHESIS In this study we tested the hypothesis that stimulation of the trigeminal nerve with direct current manipulates hippocampal activity via an LC pathway. METHODS We recorded neural activity in rat hippocampus using multichannel silicon probes. We applied 3 min of 0.25 mA or 1 mA TN-DCS, monitored hippocampal activity for up to 1 h and calculated spikes-rate and spike-field coherence metrics. Subcutaneous injections of xylocaine were used to block TN, while intraperitoneal and intracerebral injection of clonidine were used to block the LC pathway. RESULTS We found that 1 mA TN-DCS caused a significant increase in hippocampal spike-rate lasting 45 min in addition to significant changes in spike-field coherence, while 0.25 mA TN-DCS did not. TN blockage prevented spike-rate increases, confirming effects were not caused by the electric field in the brain. When 1 mA TN-DCS was delivered during clonidine blockage no increase in spike-rate was observed, suggesting an important role for the LC-noradrenergic pathway. CONCLUSION These results support our hypothesis and provide a neural basis to understand the tDCS TN co-stimulation mechanism. TN-DCS emerges as an important tool to potentially modulate learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Chen
- Exp ORL, Department of Neurosciences, The Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zhengdao Deng
- Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Boateng Asamoah
- Exp ORL, Department of Neurosciences, The Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Myles Mc Laughlin
- Exp ORL, Department of Neurosciences, The Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium.
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7
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Villa B, Erranz B, Cruces P, Retamal J, Hurtado DE. Mechanical and morphological characterization of the emphysematous lung tissue. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00222-8. [PMID: 38705223 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Irreversible alveolar airspace enlargement is the main characteristic of pulmonary emphysema, which has been extensively studied using animal models. While the alterations in lung mechanics associated with these morphological changes have been documented in the literature, the study of the mechanical behavior of parenchymal tissue from emphysematous lungs has been poorly investigated. In this work, we characterize the mechanical and morphological properties of lung tissue in elastase-induced emphysema rat models under varying severity conditions. We analyze the non-linear tissue behavior using suitable hyperelastic constitutive models that enable to compare different non-linear responses in terms of hyperelastic material parameters. We further analyze the effect of the elastase dose on alveolar morphology and tissue material parameters and study their connection with respiratory-system mechanical parameters. Our results show that while the lung mechanical function is not significantly influenced by the elastase treatment, the tissue mechanical behavior and alveolar morphology are markedly affected by it. We further show a strong association between alveolar enlargement and tissue softening, not evidenced by respiratory-system compliance. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding tissue mechanics in emphysematous lungs, as changes in tissue properties could detect the early stages of emphysema remodeling. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Gas exchange is vital for life and strongly relies on the mechanical function of the lungs. Pulmonary emphysema is a prevalent respiratory disease where alveolar walls are damaged, causing alveolar enlargement that induces harmful changes in the mechanical response of the lungs. In this work, we study how the mechanical properties of lung tissue change during emphysema. Our results from animal models show that tissue properties are more sensitive to alveolar enlargement due to emphysema than other mechanical properties that describe the function of the whole respiratory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Villa
- Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamín Erranz
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Cruces
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile. Avenida Repblica 440, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Retamal
- Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel E Hurtado
- Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02140, USA.
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8
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Gehrig TW, Berk LS, Dudley RI, Smith JA, Gharibvand L, Lohman EB. The feigned annoyance and frustration test to activate the sympathoadrenal medullary system. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2024; 18:100232. [PMID: 38596409 PMCID: PMC11002885 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
When perceived as threatening, social interactions have been shown to trigger the sympathoadrenal medullary system as well as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis resulting in a physiologic stress response. The allostatic load placed on human health and physiology in the context of acute and chronic stress can have profound health consequences. The purpose of this study was to develop a protocol for a lab-based stress stimulus using social-evaluative threat. While several valid, stress-stimulating protocols exist, we sought to develop one that triggered a physiologic response, did not require significant lab resources, and could be completed in around 10 min. We included 53 participants (29 men and 24 women) and exposed them to a modified version of the Stroop Color-Word Interference Task during which the participants were made to feel they were performing the task poorly while the lead researcher feigned annoyance and frustration. After exposure to this Feigned Annoyance and Frustration (FAF) Test, both the men and women in this study demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful increase in subjective stress on the visual analog scale. Additionally, the men in this study demonstrated a statistically significant increase in heart rate and salivary α-amylase concentrations after exposure to the test. The women in this study did not demonstrate a statistically significant increase in the physiologic stress biomarkers. This protocol for the FAF Test shows promise to researchers with limited time and resources who are interested in experimentally activating the sympathoadrenal medullary system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted W. Gehrig
- Loma Linda University School of Allied Health Professions Department of Physical Therapy, 24951 N. Circle Dr., A-620, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Lee S. Berk
- Loma Linda University School of Allied Health Professions, And School of Medicine, 24951 N. Circle Dr., A-620, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Robert I. Dudley
- Loma Linda University School of Allied Health Professions Department of Physical Therapy, 24951 N. Circle Dr., A-620, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Jo A. Smith
- Department of Physical Therapy, Chapman University, 9401 Jeronimo Rd., Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Lida Gharibvand
- Loma Linda University School of Allied Health Professions, 24951 N. Circle Dr., A-620, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Everett B. Lohman
- Loma Linda University School of Allied Health Professions Department of Physical Therapy, 24951 N. Circle Dr., A-620, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
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9
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Rupprecht P, Duss SN, Becker D, Lewis CM, Bohacek J, Helmchen F. Centripetal integration of past events in hippocampal astrocytes regulated by locus coeruleus. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:927-939. [PMID: 38570661 PMCID: PMC11089000 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
An essential feature of neurons is their ability to centrally integrate information from their dendrites. The activity of astrocytes, in contrast, has been described as mostly uncoordinated across cellular compartments without clear central integration. Here we report conditional integration of calcium signals in astrocytic distal processes at their soma. In the hippocampus of adult mice of both sexes, we found that global astrocytic activity, as recorded with population calcium imaging, reflected past neuronal and behavioral events on a timescale of seconds. Salient past events, indicated by pupil dilations, facilitated the propagation of calcium signals from distal processes to the soma. Centripetal propagation to the soma was reproduced by optogenetic activation of the locus coeruleus, a key regulator of arousal, and reduced by pharmacological inhibition of α1-adrenergic receptors. Together, our results suggest that astrocytes are computational units of the brain that slowly and conditionally integrate calcium signals upon behaviorally relevant events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Rupprecht
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Dynamics, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Sian N Duss
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Denise Becker
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Dynamics, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christopher M Lewis
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Dynamics, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Bohacek
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fritjof Helmchen
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Dynamics, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- University Research Priority Program (URPP), Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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10
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Zhu Z, Bo-Ran Ho B, Chen A, Amrhein J, Apetrei A, Carpenter TO, Lazaretti-Castro M, Colazo JM, McCrystal Dahir K, Geßner M, Gurevich E, Heier CA, Simmons JH, Hunley TE, Hoppe B, Jacobsen C, Kouri A, Ma N, Majumdar S, Molin A, Nokoff N, Ott SM, Peña HG, Santos F, Tebben P, Topor LS, Deng Y, Bergwitz C. An update on clinical presentation and responses to therapy of patients with hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH). Kidney Int 2024; 105:1058-1076. [PMID: 38364990 PMCID: PMC11106756 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in solute carrier family 34, member 3 (SLC34A3), the gene encoding the sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter 2c (NPT2c), cause hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH). Here, we report a pooled analysis of clinical and laboratory records of 304 individuals from 145 kindreds, including 20 previously unreported HHRH kindreds, in which two novel SLC34A3 pathogenic variants were identified. Compound heterozygous/homozygous carriers show above 90% penetrance for kidney and bone phenotypes. The biochemical phenotype for heterozygous carriers is intermediate with decreased serum phosphate, tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP (%)), fibroblast growth factor 23, and intact parathyroid hormone, but increased serum 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D, and urine calcium excretion causing idiopathic hypercalciuria in 38%, with bone phenotypes still observed in 23% of patients. Oral phosphate supplementation is the current standard of care, which typically normalizes serum phosphate. However, although in more than half of individuals this therapy achieves correction of hypophosphatemia it fails to resolve the other outcomes. The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics score correlated with functional analysis of frequent SLC34A3 pathogenic variants in vitro and baseline disease severity. The number of mutant alleles and baseline TRP (%) were identified as predictors for kidney and bone phenotypes, baseline TRP (%) furthermore predicted response to therapy. Certain SLC34A3/NPT2c pathogenic variants can be identified with partial responses to therapy, whereas with some overlap, others present only with kidney phenotypes and a third group present only with bone phenotypes. Thus, our report highlights important novel clinical aspects of HHRH and heterozygous carriers, raises awareness to this rare group of disorders and can be a foundation for future studies urgently needed to guide therapy of HHRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewu Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bryan Bo-Ran Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alyssa Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James Amrhein
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine Greenville Campus, University of South Carolina, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Andreea Apetrei
- Caen University Hospital, Department of Genetics, UR7450 Biotargen, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, OSCAR Network, Caen, France
| | - Thomas Oliver Carpenter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Marise Lazaretti-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan Manuel Colazo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kathryn McCrystal Dahir
- Division of Endocrinology, Program for Metabolic Bone Disorders, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michaela Geßner
- Pediatric Nephrology, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Evgenia Gurevich
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Pediatric Nephrology Institute, Petach Tikva, Israel; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Jill Hickman Simmons
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tracy Earl Hunley
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bernd Hoppe
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Jacobsen
- Division of Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne Kouri
- Pediatric Nephrology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nina Ma
- Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sachin Majumdar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Arnaud Molin
- Caen University Hospital, Department of Genetics, UR7450 Biotargen, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, OSCAR Network, Caen, France
| | - Natalie Nokoff
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan M Ott
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Helena Gil Peña
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Fernando Santos
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Peter Tebben
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lisa Swartz Topor
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Clemens Bergwitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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Valenčič T, Ansdell P, Brownstein CG, Spillane PM, Holobar A, Škarabot J. Motor unit discharge rate modulation during isometric contractions to failure is intensity- and modality-dependent. J Physiol 2024; 602:2287-2314. [PMID: 38619366 DOI: 10.1113/jp286143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The physiological mechanisms determining the progressive decline in the maximal muscle torque production capacity during isometric contractions to task failure are known to depend on task demands. Task-specificity of the associated adjustments in motor unit discharge rate (MUDR), however, remains unclear. This study examined MUDR adjustments during different submaximal isometric knee extension tasks to failure. Participants performed a sustained and an intermittent task at 20% and 50% of maximal voluntary torque (MVT), respectively (Experiment 1). High-density surface EMG signals were recorded from vastus lateralis (VL) and medialis (VM) and decomposed into individual MU discharge timings, with the identified MUs tracked from recruitment to task failure. MUDR was quantified and normalised to intervals of 10% of contraction time (CT). MUDR of both muscles exhibited distinct modulation patterns in each task. During the 20% MVT sustained task, MUDR decreased until ∼50% CT, after which it gradually returned to baseline. Conversely, during the 50% MVT intermittent task, MUDR remained stable until ∼40-50% CT, after which it started to continually increase until task failure. To explore the effect of contraction intensity on the observed patterns, VL and VM MUDR was quantified during sustained contractions at 30% and 50% MVT (Experiment 2). During the 30% MVT sustained task, MUDR remained stable until ∼80-90% CT in both muscles, after which it continually increased until task failure. During the 50% MVT sustained task the increase in MUDR occurred earlier, after ∼70-80% CT. Our results suggest that adjustments in MUDR during submaximal isometric contractions to failure are contraction modality- and intensity-dependent. KEY POINTS: During prolonged muscle contractions a constant motor output can be maintained by recruitment of additional motor units and adjustments in their discharge rate. Whilst contraction-induced decrements in neuromuscular function are known to depend on task demands, task-specificity of motor unit discharge behaviour adjustments is still unclear. In this study, we tracked and compared discharge activity of several concurrently active motor units in the vastii muscles during different submaximal isometric knee extension tasks to failure, including intermittent vs. sustained contraction modalities performed in the same intensity domain (Experiment 1), and two sustained contractions performed at different intensities (Experiment 2). During each task, motor units modulated their discharge rate in a distinct, biphasic manner, with the modulation pattern depending on contraction intensity and modality. These results provide insight into motoneuronal adjustments during contraction tasks posing different demands on the neuromuscular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Valenčič
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Paul Ansdell
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Callum G Brownstein
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Padraig M Spillane
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Aleš Holobar
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Jakob Škarabot
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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12
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Yoshida A, Hikosaka O. Involvement of neurons in the non-human primate anterior striatum in proactive inhibition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.24.591009. [PMID: 38712157 PMCID: PMC11071629 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.24.591009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Behaving as desired requires selecting the appropriate behavior and inhibiting the selection of inappropriate behavior. This inhibitory function involves multiple processes, such as reactive and proactive inhibition, instead of a single process. In this study, macaque monkeys were required to perform a task in which they had to sequentially select (accept) or refuse (reject) a choice. Neural activity was recorded from the anterior striatum, which is considered to be involved in behavioral inhibition, focusing on the distinction between proactive and reactive inhibitions. We identified neurons with significant activity changes during the rejection of bad objects. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct groups, of which one showed obviously increased activity during object rejection, suggesting its involvement in proactive inhibition. This activity pattern was consistent irrespective of the rejection method, indicating a role beyond mere saccadic suppression. Furthermore, minimal activity changes during the fixation task indicated that these neurons were not primarily involved in reactive inhibition. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the anterior striatum plays a crucial role in cognitive control and orchestrates goal-directed behavior through proactive inhibition, which may be critical in understanding the mechanisms of behavioral inhibition dysfunction that occur in patients with basal ganglia disease.
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13
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Prytkova I, Liu Y, Fernando M, Gameiro-Ros I, Popova D, Kamarajan C, Xuei X, Chorlian DB, Edenberg HJ, Tischfield JA, Porjesz B, Pang ZP, Hart RP, Goate A, Slesinger PA. Upregulated GIRK2 Counteracts Ethanol-Induced Changes in Excitability and Respiration in Human Neurons. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0918232024. [PMID: 38350999 PMCID: PMC11026340 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0918-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of electroencephalographic endophenotypes for alcohol use disorder (AUD) has identified noncoding polymorphisms within the KCNJ6 gene. KCNJ6 encodes GIRK2, a subunit of a G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel that regulates neuronal excitability. We studied the effect of upregulating KCNJ6 using an isogenic approach with human glutamatergic neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (male and female donors). Using multielectrode arrays, population calcium imaging, single-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, and mitochondrial stress tests, we find that elevated GIRK2 acts in concert with 7-21 d of ethanol exposure to inhibit neuronal activity, to counteract ethanol-induced increases in glutamate response, and to promote an increase intrinsic excitability. Furthermore, elevated GIRK2 prevented ethanol-induced changes in basal and activity-dependent mitochondrial respiration. These data support a role for GIRK2 in mitigating the effects of ethanol and a previously unknown connection to mitochondrial function in human glutamatergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iya Prytkova
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Yiyuan Liu
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Michael Fernando
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Isabel Gameiro-Ros
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Dina Popova
- Human Genetics Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - David B Chorlian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Jay A Tischfield
- Human Genetics Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203
| | - Zhiping P Pang
- Human Genetics Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and The Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Ronald P Hart
- Human Genetics Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
- Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Alison Goate
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Paul A Slesinger
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
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14
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Ye Q, Gast G, Wilfley EG, Huynh H, Hays C, Holmes TC, Xu X. Monosynaptic Rabies Tracing Reveals Sex- and Age-Dependent Dorsal Subiculum Connectivity Alterations in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1796232024. [PMID: 38503494 PMCID: PMC11026364 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1796-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The subiculum (SUB), a hippocampal formation structure, is among the earliest brain regions impacted in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Toward a better understanding of AD circuit-based mechanisms, we mapped synaptic circuit inputs to dorsal SUB using monosynaptic rabies tracing in the 5xFAD mouse model by quantitatively comparing the circuit connectivity of SUB excitatory neurons in age-matched controls and 5xFAD mice at different ages for both sexes. Input-mapped brain regions include the hippocampal subregions (CA1, CA2, CA3), medial septum and diagonal band, retrosplenial cortex, SUB, postsubiculum (postSUB), visual cortex, auditory cortex, somatosensory cortex, entorhinal cortex, thalamus, perirhinal cortex (Prh), ectorhinal cortex, and temporal association cortex. We find sex- and age-dependent changes in connectivity strengths and patterns of SUB presynaptic inputs from hippocampal subregions and other brain regions in 5xFAD mice compared with control mice. Significant sex differences for SUB inputs are found in 5xFAD mice for CA1, CA2, CA3, postSUB, Prh, lateral entorhinal cortex, and medial entorhinal cortex: all of these areas are critical for learning and memory. Notably, we find significant changes at different ages for visual cortical inputs to SUB. While the visual function is not ordinarily considered defective in AD, these specific connectivity changes reflect that altered visual circuitry contributes to learning and memory deficits. Our work provides new insights into SUB-directed neural circuit mechanisms during AD progression and supports the idea that neural circuit disruptions are a prominent feature of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Ye
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Gocylen Gast
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Erik George Wilfley
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Hanh Huynh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Chelsea Hays
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
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15
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König SD, Safo S, Miller K, Herman AB, Darrow DP. Flexible multi-step hypothesis testing of human ECoG data using cluster-based permutation tests with GLMEs. Neuroimage 2024; 290:120557. [PMID: 38423264 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time series analysis is critical for understanding brain signals and their relationship to behavior and cognition. Cluster-based permutation tests (CBPT) are commonly used to analyze a variety of electrophysiological signals including EEG, MEG, ECoG, and sEEG data without a priori assumptions about specific temporal effects. However, two major limitations of CBPT include the inability to directly analyze experiments with multiple fixed effects and the inability to account for random effects (e.g. variability across subjects). Here, we propose a flexible multi-step hypothesis testing strategy using CBPT with Linear Mixed Effects Models (LMEs) and Generalized Linear Mixed Effects Models (GLMEs) that can be applied to a wide range of experimental designs and data types. METHODS We first evaluate the statistical robustness of LMEs and GLMEs using simulated data distributions. Second, we apply a multi-step hypothesis testing strategy to analyze ERPs and broadband power signals extracted from human ECoG recordings collected during a simple image viewing experiment with image category and novelty as fixed effects. Third, we assess the statistical power differences between analyzing signals with CBPT using LMEs compared to CBPT using separate t-tests run on each fixed effect through simulations that emulate broadband power signals. Finally, we apply CBPT using GLMEs to high-gamma burst data to demonstrate the extension of the proposed method to the analysis of nonlinear data. RESULTS First, we found that LMEs and GLMEs are robust statistical models. In simple simulations LMEs produced highly congruent results with other appropriately applied linear statistical models, but LMEs outperformed many linear statistical models in the analysis of "suboptimal" data and maintained power better than analyzing individual fixed effects with separate t-tests. GLMEs also performed similarly to other nonlinear statistical models. Second, in real world human ECoG data, LMEs performed at least as well as separate t-tests when applied to predefined time windows or when used in conjunction with CBPT. Additionally, fixed effects time courses extracted with CBPT using LMEs from group-level models of pseudo-populations replicated latency effects found in individual category-selective channels. Third, analysis of simulated broadband power signals demonstrated that CBPT using LMEs was superior to CBPT using separate t-tests in identifying time windows with significant fixed effects especially for small effect sizes. Lastly, the analysis of high-gamma burst data using CBPT with GLMEs produced results consistent with CBPT using LMEs applied to broadband power data. CONCLUSIONS We propose a general approach for statistical analysis of electrophysiological data using CBPT in conjunction with LMEs and GLMEs. We demonstrate that this method is robust for experiments with multiple fixed effects and applicable to the analysis of linear and nonlinear data. Our methodology maximizes the statistical power available in a dataset across multiple experimental variables while accounting for hierarchical random effects and controlling FWER across fixed effects. This approach substantially improves power leading to better reproducibility. Additionally, CBPT using LMEs and GLMEs can be used to analyze individual channels or pseudo-population data for the comparison of functional or anatomical groups of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D König
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Sandra Safo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, USA
| | - Kai Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, USA
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16
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Nascimento F, Özyurt MG, Halablab K, Bhumbra GS, Caron G, Bączyk M, Zytnicki D, Manuel M, Roselli F, Brownstone R, Beato M. Spinal microcircuits go through multiphasic homeostatic compensations in a mouse model of motoneuron degeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.10.588918. [PMID: 38645210 PMCID: PMC11030447 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.10.588918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
In neurological conditions affecting the brain, early-stage neural circuit adaption is key for long-term preservation of normal behaviour. We tested if motoneurons and respective microcircuits also adapt in the initial stages of disease progression in a mouse model of progressive motoneuron degeneration. Using a combination of in vitro and in vivo electrophysiology and super-resolution microscopy, we found that, preceding muscle denervation and motoneuron death, recurrent inhibition mediated by Renshaw cells is reduced in half due to impaired quantal size associated with decreased glycine receptor density. Additionally, higher probability of release from proprioceptive Ia terminals leads to increased monosynaptic excitation to motoneurons. Surprisingly, the initial impairment in recurrent inhibition is not a widespread feature of inhibitory spinal circuits, such as group I inhibitory afferents, and is compensated at later stages of disease progression. We reveal that in disease conditions, spinal microcircuits undergo specific multiphasic homeostatic compensations to preserve force output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Nascimento
- Department of Neuroscience Physiology and Pharmacology (NPP), Gower Street, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - M. Görkem Özyurt
- Department of Neuroscience Physiology and Pharmacology (NPP), Gower Street, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kareen Halablab
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases-Ulm (DZNE-Ulm), Ulm, Germany
| | - Gardave Singh Bhumbra
- Department of Neuroscience Physiology and Pharmacology (NPP), Gower Street, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Guillaume Caron
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences (SPPIN), Université Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
| | - Marcin Bączyk
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Daniel Zytnicki
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences (SPPIN), Université Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
| | - Marin Manuel
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, USA
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Francesco Roselli
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases-Ulm (DZNE-Ulm), Ulm, Germany
| | - Rob Brownstone
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Marco Beato
- Department of Neuroscience Physiology and Pharmacology (NPP), Gower Street, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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17
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Goodlich BI, Pearcey GEP, Del Vecchio A, Horan SA, Kavanagh JJ. Antagonism of 5-HT 2 receptors attenuates self-sustained firing of human motor units. J Physiol 2024; 602:1759-1774. [PMID: 38502567 DOI: 10.1113/jp285867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
5-HT2 receptors on motoneurones play a critical role in facilitating persistent inward currents (PICs). Although facilitation of PICs can enhance self-sustained firing after periods of excitation, the relationship between 5-HT2 receptor activity and self-sustained firing in human motor units (MUs) has not been resolved. MU activity was assessed from the tibialis anterior of 10 healthy adults (24.9 ± 2.8 years) during two contraction protocols. Both protocols featured steady-state isometric contractions with constant descending drive to the motoneurone pool. However, one protocol also included an additional phase of superimposed descending drive. Adding and then removing descending drive in the middle of steady-state contractions altered MU firing behaviour across the motor pool, where newly recruited units in the superimposed phase were unable to switch off (P = 0.0002), and units recruited prior to additional descending drive reduced their discharge rates (P < 0.0001, difference in estimated marginal means (∆) = 2.24 pulses/s). The 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, cyproheptadine, was then administered to determine whether changes in MU firing were mediated by serotonergic mechanisms. 5-HT2 receptor antagonism caused reductions in MU discharge rate (P < 0.001, ∆ = 1.65 pulses/s), recruitment threshold (P = 0.00112, ∆ = 1.09% maximal voluntary contraction) and self-sustained firing duration (P < 0.0001, ∆ = 1.77s) after the additional descending drive was removed in the middle of the steady-state contraction. These findings indicate that serotonergic neuromodulation plays a key role in facilitating discharge and self-sustained firing of human motoneurones, where adaptive changes in MU recruitment must occur to meet the demands of the contraction. KEY POINTS: Animal and cellular preparations indicate that somato-dendritic 5-HT2 receptors regulate the intrinsic excitability of motoneurones. 5-HT2 receptor antagonism reduces estimates of persistent inward currents in motoneurones, which contribute to self-sustained firing when synaptic inputs are reduced or removed. This human study employed a contraction task that slowly increased (and then removed) the additional descending drive in the middle of a steady-state contraction where marked self-sustained firing occurred when the descending drive was removed. 5-HT2 receptor antagonism caused widespread reductions in motor unit (MU) discharge rates during contractions, which was accompanied by reduced recruitment threshold and attenuation of self-sustained firing duration after the removal of the additional descending drive to motoneurones. These findings support the role that serotonergic neuromodulation is a key facilitator of MU discharge and self-sustained firing of human motoneurones, where adaptative changes in MU recruitment must occur to meet the demands of the contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I Goodlich
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Gregory E P Pearcey
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sean A Horan
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Justin J Kavanagh
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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18
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Mendoza-Mendoza A, Mendoza-Casseres D, De La Hoz-Domíngez E. Comparison of industrial engineering programs in Colombia based on standardized test results. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2024; 103:102415. [PMID: 38460323 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2024.102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the performance of industrial engineering programs across various Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Colombia, focusing on the SaberPRO test outcomes from 2016 to 2018. The evaluation considers three primary dimensions: the type of funding (public vs. private HEIs), geographical region, and program accreditation status. The methodology involved gathering and analyzing Saber Pro test results from students enrolled in industrial engineering programs at 82 Colombian HEIs during the specified period. In Colombia, the SaberPRO Exam, administered by the Colombian Institute for the Evaluation of Education (ICFES), is a critical measure for assessing the quality of future industrial engineering graduates. This research employs an analytical framework that includes Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and hypothesis testing for mean comparisons to scrutinize the performance of these programs. Findings reveal notable disparities in performance between public and private institutions and between accredited and non-accredited programs. Additionally, through Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA), the study identifies the competencies with the highest discriminative capacity, recognizing 15 exemplary programs out of the 82 evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Mendoza-Mendoza
- Program of Industrial Engineering, Universidad del Atlantico, Barranquilla, Colombia.
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19
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Basodi S, Raja R, Gazula H, Romero JT, Panta S, Maullin-Sapey T, Nichols TE, Calhoun VD. Decentralized Mixed Effects Modeling in COINSTAC. Neuroinformatics 2024; 22:163-175. [PMID: 38424371 DOI: 10.1007/s12021-024-09657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Performing group analysis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data with linear mixed-effects (LME) models is challenging due to its large dimensionality and inherent multi-level covariance structure. In addition, as large-scale collaborative projects become commonplace in neuroimaging, data must increasingly be stored and analyzed from different locations. In such settings, substantial overhead can occur in terms of data transfer and coordination between participating research groups. In some cases, data cannot be pooled together due to privacy or regulatory concerns. In this work, we propose a decentralized LME model to perform a large-scale analysis of data from different collaborations without data pooling. This method is efficient as it overcomes the hurdles of data sharing and has lower bandwidth and memory requirements for analysis than the centralized modeling approach. We evaluate our model using features extracted from structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data. Results highlight gray matter reductions in the temporal lobe/insula and medial frontal regions in schizophrenia, consistent with prior studies. Our analysis also demonstrates that decentralized LME models achieve similar performance compared to the models trained with all the data in one location. We also implement the decentralized LME approach in COINSTAC, an open source, decentralized platform for federating neuroimaging analysis, providing an easy to use tool for dissemination to the neuroimaging community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Basodi
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rajikha Raja
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Harshvardhan Gazula
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Javier Tomas Romero
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sandeep Panta
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Thomas E Nichols
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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20
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Beinlich FRM, Asiminas A, Untiet V, Bojarowska Z, Plá V, Sigurdsson B, Timmel V, Gehrig L, Graber MH, Hirase H, Nedergaard M. Oxygen imaging of hypoxic pockets in the mouse cerebral cortex. Science 2024; 383:1471-1478. [PMID: 38547288 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Consciousness is lost within seconds upon cessation of cerebral blood flow. The brain cannot store oxygen, and interruption of oxidative phosphorylation is fatal within minutes. Yet only rudimentary knowledge exists regarding cortical partial oxygen tension (Po2) dynamics under physiological conditions. Here we introduce Green enhanced Nano-lantern (GeNL), a genetically encoded bioluminescent oxygen indicator for Po2 imaging. In awake behaving mice, we uncover the existence of spontaneous, spatially defined "hypoxic pockets" and demonstrate their linkage to the abrogation of local capillary flow. Exercise reduced the burden of hypoxic pockets by 52% compared with rest. The study provides insight into cortical oxygen dynamics in awake behaving animals and concurrently establishes a tool to delineate the importance of oxygen tension in physiological processes and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix R M Beinlich
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonios Asiminas
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Verena Untiet
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zuzanna Bojarowska
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Virginia Plá
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Björn Sigurdsson
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vincenzo Timmel
- School of Engineering, FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Gehrig
- School of Engineering, FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Michael H Graber
- School of Engineering, FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Hajime Hirase
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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21
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You Y, An DD, Wan YS, Zheng BX, Dai HB, Zhang SH, Zhang XN, Wang RR, Shi P, Jin M, Wang Y, Jiang L, Chen Z, Hu WW. Cell-specific IL-1R1 regulates the regional heterogeneity of microglial displacement of GABAergic synapses and motor learning ability. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:116. [PMID: 38438808 PMCID: PMC10912170 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Microglia regulate synaptic function in various ways, including the microglial displacement of the surrounding GABAergic synapses, which provides important neuroprotection from certain diseases. However, the physiological role and underlying mechanisms of microglial synaptic displacement remain unclear. In this study, we observed that microglia exhibited heterogeneity during the displacement of GABAergic synapses surrounding neuronal soma in different cortical regions under physiological conditions. Through three-dimensional reconstruction, in vitro co-culture, two-photon calcium imaging, and local field potentials recording, we found that IL-1β negatively modulated microglial synaptic displacement to coordinate regional heterogeneity in the motor cortex, which impacted the homeostasis of the neural network and improved motor learning ability. We used the Cre-Loxp system and found that IL-1R1 on glutamatergic neurons, rather than that on microglia or GABAergic neurons, mediated the negative effect of IL-1β on synaptic displacement. This study demonstrates that IL-1β is critical for the regional heterogeneity of synaptic displacement by coordinating different actions of neurons and microglia via IL-1R1, which impacts both neural network homeostasis and motor learning ability. It provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the physiological role and mechanism of microglial displacement of GABAergic synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi You
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Da-Dao An
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yu-Shan Wan
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bai-Xiu Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hai-Bin Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - She-Hong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rong-Rong Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mingjuan Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wei-Wei Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of The Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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22
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Valli G, Sarto F, Casolo A, Del Vecchio A, Franchi MV, Narici MV, De Vito G. Lower limb suspension induces threshold-specific alterations of motor units properties that are reversed by active recovery. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:264-276. [PMID: 37331508 PMCID: PMC10980901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to non-invasively test the hypothesis that (a) short-term lower limb unloading would induce changes in the neural control of force production (based on motor units (MUs) properties) in the vastus lateralis muscle and (b) possible changes are reversed by active recovery (AR). METHODS Ten young males underwent 10 days of unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) followed by 21 days of AR. During ULLS, participants walked exclusively on crutches with the dominant leg suspended in a slightly flexed position (15°-20°) and with the contralateral foot raised by an elevated shoe. The AR was based on resistance exercise (leg press and leg extension) and executed at 70% of each participant's 1 repetition maximum, 3 times/week. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) of knee extensors and MUs properties of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured at baseline, after ULLS, and after AR. MUs were identified using high-density electromyography during trapezoidal isometric contractions at 10%, 25%, and 50% of the current MVC, and individual MUs were tracked across the 3 data collection points. RESULTS We identified 1428 unique MUs, and 270 of them (18.9%) were accurately tracked. After ULLS, MVC decreased by 29.77%, MUs absolute recruitment/derecruitment thresholds were reduced at all contraction intensities (with changes between the 2 variables strongly correlated), while discharge rate was reduced at 10% and 25% but not at 50% MVC. Impaired MVC and MUs properties fully recovered to baseline levels after AR. Similar changes were observed in the pool of total as well as tracked MUs. CONCLUSION Our novel results demonstrate, non-invasively, that 10 days of ULLS affected neural control predominantly by altering the discharge rate of lower-threshold but not of higher-threshold MUs, suggesting a preferential impact of disuse on motoneurons with a lower depolarization threshold. However, after 21 days of AR, the impaired MUs properties were fully restored to baseline levels, highlighting the plasticity of the components involved in neural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Valli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy.
| | - Fabio Sarto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Andrea Casolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nürnberg 91052, Germany
| | - Martino V Franchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Marco V Narici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Vito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
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23
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Nguyen LH, Xu Y, Nair M, Bordey A. The mTOR pathway genes MTOR, Rheb, Depdc5, Pten, and Tsc1 have convergent and divergent impacts on cortical neuron development and function. eLife 2024; 12:RP91010. [PMID: 38411613 PMCID: PMC10942629 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain somatic mutations in various components of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway have emerged as major causes of focal malformations of cortical development and intractable epilepsy. While these distinct gene mutations converge on excessive mTORC1 signaling and lead to common clinical manifestations, it remains unclear whether they cause similar cellular and synaptic disruptions underlying cortical network hyperexcitability. Here, we show that in utero activation of the mTORC1 activator genes, Rheb or MTOR, or biallelic inactivation of the mTORC1 repressor genes, Depdc5, Tsc1, or Pten in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex leads to shared alterations in pyramidal neuron morphology, positioning, and membrane excitability but different changes in excitatory synaptic transmission. Our findings suggest that, despite converging on mTORC1 signaling, mutations in different mTORC1 pathway genes differentially impact cortical excitatory synaptic activity, which may confer gene-specific mechanisms of hyperexcitability and responses to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena H Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at DallasRichardsonUnited States
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Youfen Xu
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Maanasi Nair
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Angelique Bordey
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
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24
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Ma M, Simoes de Souza F, Futia GL, Anderson SR, Riguero J, Tollin D, Gentile-Polese A, Platt JP, Steinke K, Hiratani N, Gibson EA, Restrepo D. Sequential activity of CA1 hippocampal cells constitutes a temporal memory map for associative learning in mice. Curr Biol 2024; 34:841-854.e4. [PMID: 38325376 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Sequential neural dynamics encoded by time cells play a crucial role in hippocampal function. However, the role of hippocampal sequential neural dynamics in associative learning is an open question. We used two-photon Ca2+ imaging of dorsal CA1 (dCA1) neurons in the stratum pyramidale (SP) in head-fixed mice performing a go-no go associative learning task to investigate how odor valence is temporally encoded in this area of the brain. We found that SP cells responded differentially to the rewarded or unrewarded odor. The stimuli were decoded accurately from the activity of the neuronal ensemble, and accuracy increased substantially as the animal learned to differentiate the stimuli. Decoding the stimulus from individual SP cells responding differentially revealed that decision-making took place at discrete times after stimulus presentation. Lick prediction decoded from the ensemble activity of cells in dCA1 correlated linearly with lick behavior. Our findings indicate that sequential activity of SP cells in dCA1 constitutes a temporal memory map used for decision-making in associative learning. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ma
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Fabio Simoes de Souza
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Bernardo do Campo 09606-045, SP, Brazil
| | - Gregory L Futia
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sean R Anderson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jose Riguero
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel Tollin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Arianna Gentile-Polese
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jonathan P Platt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kira Steinke
- Integrated Physiology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Naoki Hiratani
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Emily A Gibson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Diego Restrepo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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25
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Castagno AN, Spaiardi P, Trucco A, Maniezzi C, Raffin F, Mancini M, Nicois A, Cazzola J, Pedrinazzi M, Del Papa P, Pisani A, Talpo F, Biella GR. Oxytocin Modifies the Excitability and the Action Potential Shape of the Hippocampal CA1 GABAergic Interneurons. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2613. [PMID: 38473860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide that modulates social-related behavior and cognition in the central nervous system of mammals. In the CA1 area of the hippocampus, the indirect effects of the OT on the pyramidal neurons and their role in information processing have been elucidated. However, limited data are available concerning the direct modulation exerted by OT on the CA1 interneurons (INs) expressing the oxytocin receptor (OTR). Here, we demonstrated that TGOT (Thr4,Gly7-oxytocin), a selective OTR agonist, affects not only the membrane potential and the firing frequency but also the neuronal excitability and the shape of the action potentials (APs) of these INs in mice. Furthermore, we constructed linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) to unravel the dependencies between the AP parameters and the firing frequency, also considering how TGOT can interact with them to strengthen or weaken these influences. Our analyses indicate that OT regulates the functionality of the CA1 GABAergic INs through different and independent mechanisms. Specifically, the increase in neuronal firing rate can be attributed to the depolarizing effect on the membrane potential and the related enhancement in cellular excitability by the peptide. In contrast, the significant changes in the AP shape are directly linked to oxytocinergic modulation. Importantly, these alterations in AP shape are not associated with the TGOT-induced increase in neuronal firing rate, being themselves critical for signal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Nicolas Castagno
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Spaiardi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- INFN-Pavia Section, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Arianna Trucco
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Maniezzi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Raffin
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Mancini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Nicois
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Jessica Cazzola
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matilda Pedrinazzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Del Papa
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Talpo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gerardo Rosario Biella
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- INFN-Pavia Section, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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26
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Ferrero JJ, Hassan AR, Yu Z, Zhao Z, Ma L, Wu C, Shao S, Kawano T, Engel J, Doyle W, Devinsky O, Khodagholy D, Gelinas JN. Closed-loop electrical stimulation to prevent focal epilepsy progression and long-term memory impairment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.09.579660. [PMID: 38405990 PMCID: PMC10888806 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.09.579660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are ubiquitously expressed in epileptic networks and disrupt cognitive functions. It is unclear whether addressing IED-induced dysfunction could improve epilepsy outcomes as most therapeutics target seizures. We show in a model of progressive hippocampal epilepsy that IEDs produce pathological oscillatory coupling which is associated with prolonged, hypersynchronous neural spiking in synaptically connected cortex and expands the brain territory capable of generating IEDs. A similar relationship between IED-mediated oscillatory coupling and temporal organization of IEDs across brain regions was identified in human subjects with refractory focal epilepsy. Spatiotemporally targeted closed-loop electrical stimulation triggered on hippocampal IED occurrence eliminated the abnormal cortical activity patterns, preventing spread of the epileptic network and ameliorating long-term spatial memory deficits in rodents. These findings suggest that stimulation-based network interventions that normalize interictal dynamics may be an effective treatment of epilepsy and its comorbidities, with a low barrier to clinical translation. One-Sentence Summary Targeted closed-loop electrical stimulation prevents spread of the epileptic network and ameliorates long-term spatial memory deficits.
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27
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Bordini D, Moya AC, Asevedo GRDC, Paula CS, Brunoni D, Brentani H, Caetano SC, Mari JDJ, Bagaiolo L. Exploring the Acquisition of Social Communication Skills in Children with Autism: Preliminary Findings from Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Parent Training, and Video Modeling. Brain Sci 2024; 14:172. [PMID: 38391746 PMCID: PMC10886593 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Social communication skills, especially eye contact and joint attention, are frequently impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and predict functional outcomes. Applied behavior analysis is one of the most common evidence-based treatments for ASD, but it is not accessible to most families in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as it is an expensive and intensive treatment and needs to be delivered by highly specialized professionals. Parental training has emerged as an effective alternative. This is an exploratory study to assess a parental intervention group via video modeling to acquire eye contact and joint attention. Four graded measures of eye contact and joint attention (full physical prompt, partial physical prompt, gestural prompt, and independent) were assessed in 34 children with ASD and intellectual disability (ID). There was a progressive reduction in the level of prompting required over time to acquire eye contact and joint attention, as well as a positive correlation between the time of exposure to the intervention and the acquisition of abilities. This kind of parent training using video modeling to teach eye contact and joint attention skills to children with ASD and ID is a low-cost intervention that can be applied in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bordini
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04017-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Moya
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04017-030, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Silvestre Paula
- Human Development Sciences Program, Mackenzie Presbyterian University (UPM), Sao Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil
| | - Décio Brunoni
- Human Development Sciences Program, Mackenzie Presbyterian University (UPM), Sao Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Brentani
- Psychiatry Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Sheila Cavalcante Caetano
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04017-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Jair de Jesus Mari
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04017-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Leila Bagaiolo
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04017-030, SP, Brazil
- Gradual-Behavioral Intervention Group, Sao Paulo 05458-000, SP, Brazil
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28
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Dahl A, Eilertsen EM, Rodriguez-Cabello SF, Norbom LB, Tandberg AD, Leonardsen E, Lee SH, Ystrom E, Tamnes CK, Alnæs D, Westlye LT. Genetic and brain similarity independently predict childhood anthropometrics and neighborhood socioeconomic conditions. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 65:101339. [PMID: 38184855 PMCID: PMC10818201 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Linking the developing brain with individual differences in clinical and demographic traits is challenging due to the substantial interindividual heterogeneity of brain anatomy and organization. Here we employ an integrative approach that parses individual differences in both cortical thickness and common genetic variants, and assess their effects on a wide set of childhood traits. The approach uses a linear mixed model framework to obtain the unique effects of each type of similarity, as well as their covariance. We employ this approach in a sample of 7760 unrelated children in the ABCD cohort baseline sample (mean age 9.9, 46.8% female). In general, associations between cortical thickness similarity and traits were limited to anthropometrics such as height, weight, and birth weight, as well as a marker of neighborhood socioeconomic conditions. Common genetic variants explained significant proportions of variance across nearly all included outcomes, although estimates were somewhat lower than previous reports. No significant covariance of the effects of genetic and cortical thickness similarity was found. The present findings highlight the connection between anthropometrics as well as neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and the developing brain, which appear to be independent from individual differences in common genetic variants in this population-based sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Dahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Espen M Eilertsen
- Research Center for Developmental Processes and Gradients in Mental Health (PROMENTA), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sara F Rodriguez-Cabello
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn B Norbom
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Center for Developmental Processes and Gradients in Mental Health (PROMENTA), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anneli D Tandberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Center for Developmental Processes and Gradients in Mental Health (PROMENTA), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Esten Leonardsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sang Hong Lee
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, UniSA Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eivind Ystrom
- Research Center for Developmental Processes and Gradients in Mental Health (PROMENTA), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian K Tamnes
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Center for Developmental Processes and Gradients in Mental Health (PROMENTA), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Norway
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29
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Javanshir K, Ghafouri-Rouzbehani P, Zohrehvand A, Naeimi A, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Nikbakht HA, Mousavi-Khatir SR, Valera-Calero JA. Cervical Multifidus and Longus Colli Ultrasound Differences among Patients with Cervical Disc Bulging, Protrusion and Extrusion and Asymptomatic Controls: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:624. [PMID: 38276132 PMCID: PMC10816935 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in morphological and histological features of the cervical multifidus (CM) and longus colli (LC) muscles among patients with cervical disc bulging, protrusion, or extrusion. Fifteen patients with cervical disc bulging (20% male, mean age: 48.5, standard deviation (SD) 7.5 years), fifteen with cervical disc protrusion (6% male, mean age: 43, SD 7.8 years), and fifteen with cervical disc extrusion (40% male, mean age: 44, SD 8 years) diagnosed via clinical and imaging findings participated in this study. Additionally, fifteen asymptomatic controls (40% male, mean age: 40.4, SD 9.7 years) were also included. The following ultrasound measurements, cross-sectional area (CSA), anterior-posterior distance (APD), lateral dimension (LD), and mean echo-intensity (EI) of the CM and LC at C5-C6 level were examined by an assessor blinded to the subject's condition. The results revealed no group ×side significant differences among the groups (p > 0. 00625). However, group effects were found for APD and MEI of the CM (p = 0.006 and p < 0.001, respectively) and CSA, APD and MEI of the LC (all, p < 0.001). The LD of the LC muscle and the APD and LD of the CM were negatively associated with related disability (p < 0.01; p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively), and pain intensity was negatively associated with LC APD and LD (both p < 0.05). These results suggest that US can be used to detect bilateral morphological changes in deep cervical flexors and extensors to discriminate patients with cervical disc alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khodabakhsh Javanshir
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol 47176-47745, Iran; (K.J.); (P.G.-R.); (S.R.M.-K.)
| | - Payam Ghafouri-Rouzbehani
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol 47176-47745, Iran; (K.J.); (P.G.-R.); (S.R.M.-K.)
| | - Amirhossein Zohrehvand
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47745, Iran;
| | - Arvin Naeimi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41446-66949, Iran;
| | - César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47745, Iran;
| | - Seyedeh Roghayeh Mousavi-Khatir
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol 47176-47745, Iran; (K.J.); (P.G.-R.); (S.R.M.-K.)
| | - Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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O'Hare L, Wan CL. No Evidence of Cross-Orientation Suppression Differences in Migraine with Aura Compared to Healthy Controls. Vision (Basel) 2024; 8:2. [PMID: 38391083 PMCID: PMC10885099 DOI: 10.3390/vision8010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that there may be an imbalance of excitation and inhibitory processes in the visual areas of the brain in people with migraine aura (MA). One idea is thalamocortical dysrhythmia, characterized by disordered oscillations, and thus disordered communication between the lateral geniculate nucleus and the cortex. Cross-orientation suppression is a visual task thought to rely on inhibitory processing, possibly originating in the lateral geniculate nucleus. We measured both resting-state oscillations and cross-orientation suppression using EEG over occipital areas in people with MA and healthy volunteers. We found evidence of cross-orientation suppression in the SSVEP responses, but no evidence of any group difference. Therefore, inhibitory processes related to cross-orientation suppression do not appear to be impaired in MA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise O'Hare
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
| | - Choi Lam Wan
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
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López-Marcos JJ, Díaz-Arribas MJ, Valera-Calero JA, Navarro-Santana MJ, Izquierdo-García J, Ortiz-Gutiérrez RM, Plaza-Manzano G. The Added Value of Face-to-Face Supervision to a Therapeutic Exercise-Based App in the Management of Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:567. [PMID: 38257659 PMCID: PMC10819225 DOI: 10.3390/s24020567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a significant global health challenge due to its high prevalence, and chronicity and recurrence rates, with projections suggesting an increase in the next years due to population growth and aging. The chronic and recurrent nature of LBP, responsible for a significant percentage of years lived with disability, underscores the need for effective management strategies, including self-management strategies advocated by current guidelines, to empower patients and potentially improve healthcare efficiency and clinical outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the added value of face-to-face visits in patients with chronic LBP undergoing a self-management program based on therapeutic exercises on pain intensity, disability, quality of life and treatment adherence and satisfaction. A randomized clinical trial was conducted, allocating 49 patients into a experimental group with a mobile health (mHealth) app usage and face-to-face sessions and 49 patients into an active control group without face-to-face sessions. Pain intensity, disability and quality of life were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks postintervention and 12 weeks postintervention. Patients' satisfaction and adherence were assessed at the end of the study. The multivariate general model revealed no statistically significant time × group interaction for any outcome (p > 0.0068) but mental quality of life (p = 0.006). Within-group differences revealed significant improvements for all the clinical indicators (all, p < 0.001). Patients allocated to the experimental group reported greater satisfaction and adherence (both, p < 0.001) compared to the control group. The use of mHealth apps such as Healthy Back® as part of digital health initiatives may serve as a beneficial approach to enhance the management of LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Javier López-Marcos
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.L.-M.); (J.A.V.-C.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.I.-G.); (R.M.O.-G.); (G.P.-M.)
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Nebrija University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Díaz-Arribas
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.L.-M.); (J.A.V.-C.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.I.-G.); (R.M.O.-G.); (G.P.-M.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.L.-M.); (J.A.V.-C.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.I.-G.); (R.M.O.-G.); (G.P.-M.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos José Navarro-Santana
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.L.-M.); (J.A.V.-C.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.I.-G.); (R.M.O.-G.); (G.P.-M.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Izquierdo-García
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.L.-M.); (J.A.V.-C.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.I.-G.); (R.M.O.-G.); (G.P.-M.)
- Multidisciplinary Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa María Ortiz-Gutiérrez
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.L.-M.); (J.A.V.-C.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.I.-G.); (R.M.O.-G.); (G.P.-M.)
| | - Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.L.-M.); (J.A.V.-C.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.I.-G.); (R.M.O.-G.); (G.P.-M.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Loewinger G, Cui E, Lovinger D, Pereira F. A Statistical Framework for Analysis of Trial-Level Temporal Dynamics in Fiber Photometry Experiments. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.06.565896. [PMID: 37986853 PMCID: PMC10659337 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.06.565896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Fiber photometry has become a popular technique to measure neural activity in vivo, but common analysis strategies can reduce detection of effects because they condense within-trial signals into summary measures, and discard trial-level information by averaging across-trials. We propose a novel photometry statistical framework based on functional linear mixed modeling, which enables hypothesis testing of variable effects at every trial time-point, and uses trial-level signals without averaging. This makes it possible to compare the timing and magnitude of signals across conditions while accounting for between-animal differences. Our framework produces a series of plots that illustrate covariate effect estimates and statistical significance at each trial time-point. By exploiting signal autocorrelation, our methodology yields joint 95% confidence intervals that account for inspecting effects across the entire trial and improve the detection of event-related signal changes over common multiple comparisons correction strategies. We reanalyze data from a recent study proposing a theory for the role of mesolimbic dopamine in reward learning, and show the capability of our framework to reveal significant effects obscured by standard analysis approaches. Our method identifies two dopamine components with distinct temporal dynamics that may be hard to explain under currently competing learning theories. In simulation experiments, our methodology yields improved statistical power over common analysis approaches. Finally, we provide an open-source package implementing our framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Loewinger
- Machine Learning Team, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Erjia Cui
- Division of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - David Lovinger
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD
| | - Francisco Pereira
- Machine Learning Team, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD
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Ali Y, Montani V, Cesari P. Neural underpinnings of the interplay between actual touch and action imagination in social contexts. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 17:1274299. [PMID: 38292652 PMCID: PMC10826515 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1274299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
While there is established evidence supporting the involvement of the sense of touch in various actions, the neural underpinnings of touch and action interplay in a social context remain poorly understood. To prospectively investigate this phenomenon and offer further insights, we employed a combination of motor and sensory components by asking participants to imagine exerting force with the index finger while experiencing their own touch, the touch of one another individual, the touch of a surface, and no touch. Based on the assumption that the patterns of activation in the motor system are similar when action is imagined or actually performed, we proceeded to apply a single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary motor cortex (M1) while participants engaged in the act of imagination. Touch experience was associated with higher M1 excitability in the presence and in the absence of force production imagination, but only during force production imagination M1 excitability differed among the types of touch: both biological sources, the self-touch and the touch of one other individual, elicited a significant increase in motor system activity when compared to touching a non-living surface or in the absence of touch. A strong correlation between individual touch avoidance questionnaire values and facilitation in the motor system was present while touching another person, indicating a social aspect for touch in action. The present study unveils the motor system correlates when the sensory/motor components of touch are considered in social contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paola Cesari
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Nguyen LH, Xu Y, Nair M, Bordey A. The mTOR pathway genes mTOR, Rheb, Depdc5, Pten, and Tsc1 have convergent and divergent impacts on cortical neuron development and function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.11.553034. [PMID: 37609221 PMCID: PMC10441381 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.11.553034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Brain somatic mutations in various components of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway have emerged as major causes of focal malformations of cortical development and intractable epilepsy. While these distinct gene mutations converge on excessive mTORC1 signaling and lead to common clinical manifestations, it remains unclear whether they cause similar cellular and synaptic disruptions underlying cortical network hyperexcitability. Here, we show that in utero activation of the mTORC1 activators, Rheb or mTOR, or biallelic inactivation of the mTORC1 repressors, Depdc5, Tsc1, or Pten in mouse medial prefrontal cortex leads to shared alterations in pyramidal neuron morphology, positioning, and membrane excitability but different changes in excitatory synaptic transmission. Our findings suggest that, despite converging on mTORC1 signaling, mutations in different mTORC1 pathway genes differentially impact cortical excitatory synaptic activity, which may confer gene-specific mechanisms of hyperexcitability and responses to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena H. Nguyen
- Department Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Youfen Xu
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Maanasi Nair
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Angelique Bordey
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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35
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Chen DY, Di X, Biswal B. Cerebrovascular reactivity increases across development in multiple networks as revealed by a breath-holding task: A longitudinal fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26515. [PMID: 38183372 PMCID: PMC10789211 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used to understand the neurodevelopmental changes that occur in cognition and behavior across childhood. The blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal obtained from fMRI is understood to be comprised of both neuronal and vascular information. However, it is unclear whether the vascular response is altered across age in studies investigating development in children. Since the breath-hold (BH) task is commonly used to understand cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in fMRI studies, it can be used to account for developmental differences in vascular response. This study examines how the cerebrovascular response changes over age in a longitudinal children's BH data set from the Nathan Kline Institute (NKI) Rockland Sample (aged 6-18 years old at enrollment). A general linear model approach was applied to derive CVR from BH data. To model both the longitudinal and cross-sectional effects of age on BH response, we used mixed-effects modeling with the following terms: linear, quadratic, logarithmic, and quadratic-logarithmic, to find the best-fitting model. We observed increased BH BOLD signals in multiple networks across age, in which linear and logarithmic mixed-effects models provided the best fit with the lowest Akaike information criterion scores. This shows that the cerebrovascular response increases across development in a brain network-specific manner. Therefore, fMRI studies investigating the developmental period should account for cerebrovascular changes that occur with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna Y. Chen
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health SciencesRutgers School of Graduate StudiesNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Xin Di
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Bharat Biswal
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA
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Eisenstein T, Furman-Haran E, Tal A. Increased cortical inhibition following brief motor memory reactivation supports reconsolidation and overnight offline learning gains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303985120. [PMID: 38113264 PMCID: PMC10756311 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303985120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Practicing motor skills stabilizes and strengthens motor memories by repeatedly reactivating and reconsolidating them. The conventional view, by which a repetitive practice is required for substantially improving skill performance, has been recently challenged by behavioral experiments, in which even brief reactivations of the motor memory have led to significant improvements in skill performance. However, the mechanisms which facilitate brief reactivation-induced skill improvements remain elusive. While initial memory consolidation has been repeatedly associated with increased neural excitation and disinhibition, reconsolidation has been shown to involve a poorly understood mixture of both excitatory and inhibitory alterations. Here, we followed a 3-d reactivation-reconsolidation framework to examine whether the excitatory/inhibitory mechanisms which underlie brief reactivation and repetitive practice differ. Healthy volunteers practiced a motor sequence learning task using either brief reactivation or repetitive practice and were assessed using ultrahigh field (7T) magnetic resonance spectroscopy at the primary motor cortex (M1). We found that increased inhibition (GABA concentrations) and decreased excitation/inhibition (glutamate/GABA ratios) immediately following the brief reactivation were associated with overnight offline performance gains. These gains were on par with those exhibited following repetitive practice, where no correlations with inhibitory or excitatory changes were observed. Our findings suggest that brief reactivation and repetitive practice depend on fundamentally different neural mechanisms and that early inhibition-and not excitation-is particularly important in supporting the learning gains exhibited by brief reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Eisenstein
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Edna Furman-Haran
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Assaf Tal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
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Duncombe P, Izatt MT, Pivonka P, Claus A, Little JP, Tucker K. Quantifying Muscle Size Asymmetry in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using Three-dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2023; 48:1717-1725. [PMID: 37432908 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This is a case-control study of prospectively collected data. OBJECTIVE To quantify paraspinal muscle size asymmetry in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and determine if this asymmetry is (i) greater than observed in adolescent controls with symmetrical spines; and (ii) positively associated with skeletal maturity using Risser grade, scoliosis severity using the Cobb angle, and chronological age in years. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA AIS is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine which occurs in 2.5% to 3.7% of the Australian population. There is some evidence of asymmetry in paraspinal muscle activation and morphology in AIS. Asymmetric paraspinal muscle forces may facilitate asymmetric vertebral growth during adolescence. METHODS An asymmetry index [Ln(concave/convex volume)] of deep and superficial paraspinal muscle volumes, at the level of the major curve apex (Thoracic 8-9 th vertebral level) and lower-end vertebrae ( LEV , Thoracic 10-12 th vertebral level), was determined from three-dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of 25 adolescents with AIS (all right thoracic curves), and 22 healthy controls (convex=left); all female, 10 to 16 years. RESULTS Asymmetry index of deep paraspinal muscle volumes was greater in AIS (0.16±0.20) than healthy spine controls (-0.06±0.13) at the level of the apex ( P <0.01, linear mixed-effects analysis) but not LEV ( P >0.05). Asymmetry index was positively correlated with Risser grade ( r =0.50, P <0.05) and scoliosis Cobb angle ( r =0.45, P <0.05), but not age ( r =0.34, P >0.05). There was no difference in the asymmetry index of superficial paraspinal muscle volumes between AIS and controls ( P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS The asymmetry of deep apical paraspinal muscle volume in AIS at the scoliosis apex is greater than that observed at equivalent vertebral levels in controls and may play a role in the pathogenesis of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Duncombe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Maree T Izatt
- Biomechanics and Spine Research Group, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | - Peter Pivonka
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | - Andrew Claus
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Tess Cramond Pain and Research Centre, Australia
| | - J Paige Little
- Biomechanics and Spine Research Group, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | - Kylie Tucker
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
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Aguilar LA, Coker CR, McCullers Z, Evans A, Showemimo O, Melkumyan M, Keller BN, Snyder AE, Bingaman SS, Randall PA, Hajnal A, Browning KN, Arnold AC, Silberman Y. Adolescent alcohol disrupts development of noradrenergic neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius and enhances stress behaviors in adulthood in mice in a sex specific manner. ADDICTION NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 9:100132. [PMID: 38162404 PMCID: PMC10756564 DOI: 10.1016/j.addicn.2023.100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are common mental health issues worldwide and can lead to other chronic diseases. Stress is a major factor in the development and continuation of AUDs, and adolescent alcohol exposure can lead to enhanced stress-responsivity and increased risk for AUD development in adulthood. The exact mechanisms behind the interaction between adolescence, stress, and alcohol are not fully understood and require further research. In this regard, the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) provides dense norepinephrine projections to the extended amygdala, providing a key pathway for stress-related alcohol behaviors. While NTS norepinephrine neurons are known to be alcohol sensitive, whether adolescent alcohol disrupts NTS-norepinephrine neuron development and if this is related to altered stress-sensitivity and alcohol preference in adulthood has not previously been examined. Here, we exposed male and female C57Bl/6J mice to the commonly used adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) vapor model during postnatal day 28-42 and examined AIE effects on: 1) tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA expression in the NTS across various ages (postnatal day 21-90), 2) behavioral responses to acute stress in the light/dark box test in adulthood, 3) NTS TH neuron responses to acute stress and ethanol challenges in adulthood, and 4) ethanol conditioned place preference behavior in adulthood. Overall the findings indicate that AIE alters NTS TH mRNA expression and increases anxiety-like behaviors following acute stress exposure in a sex-dependent manner. These mRNA expression and behavioral changes occur in the absence of AIE-induced changes in NTS TH neuron sensitivity to either acute stress or acute alcohol exposure or changes to ethanol conditioned place preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz A. Aguilar
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
- Currently at Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, USA
| | - Caitlin R. Coker
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Anatomy, USA
- Currently at Georgetown University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Zari McCullers
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, USA
| | - Alexandra Evans
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, USA
| | - Opeyemi Showemimo
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Anatomy, USA
| | - Mariam Melkumyan
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, USA
| | - Bailey N. Keller
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, USA
| | - Angela E. Snyder
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, USA
| | - Sarah S. Bingaman
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
| | | | - Andras Hajnal
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
| | - Kirsteen N. Browning
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
| | - Amy C. Arnold
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
| | - Yuval Silberman
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, USA
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Chen L, Deng Z, Asamoah B, Laughlin MM. Trigeminal nerve direct current stimulation causes sustained increase in neural activity in the rat hippocampus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.12.571341. [PMID: 38168241 PMCID: PMC10760027 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.12.571341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method that can modulate many brain functions including learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests that tDCS memory effects may be caused by co-stimulation of scalp nerves such as the trigeminal nerve (TN), and not the electric field in the brain. The TN gives input to brainstem nuclei, including the locus coeruleus that controls noradrenaline release across brain regions, including hippocampus. However, the effects of TN direct current stimulation (TN-DCS) are currently not well understood. In this study we hypothesized that TN-DCS manipulates hippocampal activity via an LC-noradrenergic bottom-up pathway. We recorded neural activity in rat hippocampus using multichannel silicon probes. We applied 3 minutes of 0.25 mA or 1 mA TN-DCS, monitored hippocampal activity for up to 1 hour and calculated spikes-rate and spike-field coherence metrics. Subcutaneous injections of xylocaine were used to block TN and intraperitoneal injection of clonidine to block the LC pathway. We found that 1 mA TN-DCS caused a significant increase in hippocampal spike-rate lasting 45 minutes in addition to significant changes in spike-field coherence, while 0.25 mA TN-DCS did not. TN blockage prevented spike-rate increases, confirming effects were not caused by the electric field in the brain. When 1 mA TN-DCS was delivered during clonidine blockage no increase in spike-rate was observed, suggesting an important role for the LC-noradrenergic pathway. These results provide a neural basis to support a tDCS TN co-stimulation mechanism. TN-DCS emerges as an important tool to potentially modulate learning and memory. Highlights Trigeminal nerve direct current stimulation (TN-DCS) boosts hippocampal spike ratesTN-DCS alters spike-field coherence in theta and gamma bands across the hippocampus.Blockade experiments indicate that TN-DCS modulated hippocampal activity via the LC-noradrenergic pathway.TN-DCS emerges as a potential tool for memory manipulation. Figure Graphic Abstract
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de Melo MB, Daldegan-Bueno D, Favaro VM, Oliveira MGM. The subiculum role on learning and memory tasks using rats and mice: A scoping review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105460. [PMID: 37939978 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
This scoping review aimed to systematically identify and summarize data related to subiculum involvement in learning and memory behavioral tasks in rats and mice. Following a systematic strategy based on PICO and PRISMA guidelines, we searched five indexed databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsycInfo) using a standardized search strategy to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English (pre-registration: osf.io/hm5ea). We identified 31 articles investigating the role of the subiculum in spatial, working, and recognition memories (n = 11), memories related to addiction models (n = 9), aversive memories (n = 7), and memories related to appetitive learning (n = 5). We highlight a dissociation in the dorsoventral axis of the subiculum with many studies exploring the ventral subiculum (n = 21) but only a few exploring the dorsal one (n = 10). We also observe the necessity of more data including mice, female animals, genetic tools, and better statistical approaches for replication purposes and research refinement. These findings provide a broad framework of the subiculum involvement in learning and memory, showing essential questions that can be explored by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Braga de Melo
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dimitri Daldegan-Bueno
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vanessa Manchim Favaro
- Setor de Investigação de Doenças Neuromusculares, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Mukai Y, Okubo TS, Lazarus M, Ono D, Tanaka KF, Yamanaka A. Prostaglandin E 2 Induces Long-Lasting Inhibition of Noradrenergic Neurons in the Locus Coeruleus and Moderates the Behavioral Response to Stressors. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7982-7999. [PMID: 37734949 PMCID: PMC10669809 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0353-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal activity is modulated not only by inputs from other neurons but also by various factors, such as bioactive substances. Noradrenergic (NA) neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC-NA neurons) are involved in diverse physiological functions, including sleep/wakefulness and stress responses. Previous studies have identified various substances and receptors that modulate LC-NA neuronal activity through techniques including electrophysiology, calcium imaging, and single-cell RNA sequencing. However, many substances with unknown physiological significance have been overlooked. Here, we established an efficient screening method for identifying substances that modulate LC-NA neuronal activity through intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) imaging using brain slices. Using both sexes of mice, we screened 53 bioactive substances, and identified five novel substances: gastrin-releasing peptide, neuromedin U, and angiotensin II, which increase [Ca2+]i, and pancreatic polypeptide and prostaglandin D2, which decrease [Ca2+]i Among them, neuromedin U induced the greatest response in female mice. In terms of the duration of [Ca2+]i change, we focused on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), since it induces a long-lasting decrease in [Ca2+]i via the EP3 receptor. Conditional knock-out of the receptor in LC-NA neurons resulted in increased depression-like behavior, prolonged wakefulness in the dark period, and increased [Ca2+]i after stress exposure. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our screening method for identifying substances that modulate a specific neuronal population in an unbiased manner and suggest that stress-induced prostaglandin E2 can suppress LC-NA neuronal activity to moderate the behavioral response to stressors. Our screening method will contribute to uncovering previously unknown physiological functions of uncharacterized bioactive substances in specific neuronal populations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Bioactive substances modulate the activity of specific neuronal populations. However, since only a limited number of substances with predicted effects have been investigated, many substances that may modulate neuronal activity have gone unrecognized. Here, we established an unbiased method for identifying modulatory substances by measuring the intracellular calcium signal, which reflects neuronal activity. We examined noradrenergic (NA) neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC-NA neurons), which are involved in diverse physiological functions. We identified five novel substances that modulate LC-NA neuronal activity. We also found that stress-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) may suppress LC-NA neuronal activity and influence behavioral outcomes. Our screening method will help uncover previously overlooked functions of bioactive substances and provide insight into unrecognized roles of specific neuronal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Mukai
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tatsuo S Okubo
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Michael Lazarus
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS) and Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ono
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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Herman AB, Smith EH, Schevon CA, Yates MJ, McKhann GM, Botvinick M, Hayden BY, Sheth SA. Pretrial predictors of conflict response efficacy in the human prefrontal cortex. iScience 2023; 26:108047. [PMID: 37867949 PMCID: PMC10589857 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to perform motor actions depends, in part, on the brain's initial state. We hypothesized that initial state dependence is a more general principle and applies to cognitive control. To test this idea, we examined human single units recorded from the dorsolateral prefrontal (dlPFC) cortex and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) during a task that interleaves motor and perceptual conflict trials, the multisource interference task (MSIT). In both brain regions, variability in pre-trial firing rates predicted subsequent reaction time (RT) on conflict trials. In dlPFC, ensemble firing rate patterns suggested the existence of domain-specific initial states, while in dACC, firing patterns were more consistent with a domain-general initial state. The deployment of shared and independent factors that we observe for conflict resolution may allow for flexible and fast responses mediated by cognitive initial states. These results also support hypotheses that place dACC hierarchically earlier than dlPFC in proactive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. Herman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Elliot H. Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, NYC, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Mark J. Yates
- Department of Neurological surgery, Columbia University, NYC, NY 10027, USA
| | - Guy M. McKhann
- Department of Neurological surgery, Columbia University, NYC, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Y. Hayden
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, and Center for Neural Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sameer A. Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Li M, Eltabbal M, Tran HD, Kuhn B. Scn2a insufficiency alters spontaneous neuronal Ca 2+ activity in somatosensory cortex during wakefulness. iScience 2023; 26:108138. [PMID: 37876801 PMCID: PMC10590963 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
SCN2A protein-truncating variants (PTV) can result in neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability, but they are less likely to cause epilepsy in comparison to missense variants. While in vitro studies showed PTV reduce action potential firing, consequences at in vivo network level remain elusive. Here, we generated a mouse model of Scn2a insufficiency using antisense oligonucleotides (Scn2a ASO mice), which recapitulated key clinical feature of SCN2A PTV disorders. Simultaneous two-photon Ca2+ imaging and electrocorticography (ECoG) in awake mice showed that spontaneous Ca2+ transients in somatosensory cortical neurons, as well as their pairwise co-activities were generally decreased in Scn2a ASO mice during spontaneous awake state and induced seizure state. The reduction of neuronal activities and paired co-activity are mechanisms associated with motor, social and cognitive deficits observed in our mouse model of severe Scn2a insufficiency, indicating these are likely mechanisms driving SCN2A PTV pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Li
- Optical Neuroimaging Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Mohamed Eltabbal
- Optical Neuroimaging Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Hoang-Dai Tran
- Optical Neuroimaging Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Bernd Kuhn
- Optical Neuroimaging Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Zhang H, Sumbria RK, Chang R, Sun J, Cribbs DH, Holmes TC, Fisher MJ, Xu X. Erythrocyte-brain endothelial interactions induce microglial responses and cerebral microhemorrhages in vivo. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:265. [PMID: 37968737 PMCID: PMC10647121 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) are associated with stroke, cognitive decline, and normal aging. Our previous study shows that the interaction between oxidatively stressed red blood cells (RBC) and cerebral endothelium may underlie CMH development. However, the real-time examination of altered RBC-brain endothelial interactions in vivo, and their relationship with clearance of stalled RBC, microglial responses, and CMH development, has not been reported. METHODS RBC were oxidatively stressed using tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP), fluorescently labeled and injected into adult Tie2-GFP mice. In vivo two-photon imaging and ex vivo confocal microscopy were used to evaluate the temporal profile of RBC-brain endothelial interactions associated with oxidatively stressed RBC. Their relationship with microglial activation and CMH was examined with post-mortem histology. RESULTS Oxidatively stressed RBC stall significantly and rapidly in cerebral vessels in mice, accompanied by decreased blood flow velocity which recovers at 5 days. Post-mortem histology confirms significantly greater RBC-cerebral endothelial interactions and microglial activation at 24 h after t-BHP-treated RBC injection, which persist at 7 days. Furthermore, significant CMH develop in the absence of blood-brain barrier leakage after t-BHP-RBC injection. CONCLUSIONS Our in vivo and ex vivo findings show the stalling and clearance of oxidatively stressed RBC in cerebral capillaries, highlighting the significance of microglial responses and altered RBC-brain endothelial interactions in CMH development. Our study provides novel mechanistic insight into CMH associated with pathological conditions with increased RBC-brain endothelial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rachita K Sumbria
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Rudy Chang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Jiahong Sun
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - David H Cribbs
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Mark J Fisher
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Dhami P, Moreno S, Croarkin PE, Blumberger DM, Daskalakis ZJ, Farzan F. Baseline markers of cortical excitation and inhibition predict response to theta burst stimulation treatment for youth depression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19115. [PMID: 37925557 PMCID: PMC10625527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Theta burst stimulation (TBS), a specific form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is a promising treatment for youth with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) who do not respond to conventional therapies. However, given the variable response to TBS, a greater understanding of how baseline features relate to clinical response is needed to identify which patients are most likely to benefit from this treatment. In the current study, we sought to determine if baseline neurophysiology, specifically cortical excitation and/or inhibition, is associated with antidepressant response to TBS. In two independent open-label clinical trials, youth (aged 16-24 years old) with MDD underwent bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) TBS treatment. Clinical trial one and two consisted of 10 and 20 daily sessions of bilateral DLPFC TBS, respectively. At baseline, single-pulse TMS combined with electroencephalography was used to assess the neurophysiology of 4 cortical sites: bilateral DLPFC and inferior parietal lobule. Measures of cortical excitation and inhibition were indexed by TMS-evoked potentials (i.e., P30, N45, P60, N100, and P200). Depression severity was measured before, during and after treatment completion using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17. In both clinical trials, the baseline left DLPFC N45 and P60, which are believed to reflect inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms respectively, were predictors of clinical response. Specifically, greater (i.e., more negative) N45 and smaller P60 baseline values were associated with greater treatment response to TBS. Accordingly, cortical excitation and inhibition circuitry of the left DLPFC may have value as a TBS treatment response biomarker for youth with MDD.Clinical trial 1 registration number: NCT02472470 (June 15, 2015).Clinical trial 2 registration number: NCT03708172 (October 17, 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjot Dhami
- School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen St. W, Toronto, ON, M6J 1A8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sylvain Moreno
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada
- Circle Innovation, 1200-555 W. Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC, V6B 4N6, Canada
| | - Paul E Croarkin
- College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen St. W, Toronto, ON, M6J 1A8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen St. W, Toronto, ON, M6J 1A8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Faranak Farzan
- School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada.
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen St. W, Toronto, ON, M6J 1A8, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
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Guo F, Cui Y, Li A, Liu M, Jian Z, Chen K, Yao D, Guo D, Xia Y. Differential patterns of very high-frequency oscillations in two seizure types of the pilocarpine-induced TLE model. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110805. [PMID: 37925081 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Very high-frequency oscillations (VHFOs, >500 Hz) are considered a highly sensitive biomarker of seizures. We hypothesized that VHFOs may exhibit specificity towards hypersynchronous (HYP) seizures and low-voltage fast (LVF) seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). METHODS Local field potentials were recorded from the hippocampal network in TLE mice induced by pilocarpine. Subsequently, we analyzed the VHFO features, including their temporal-frequency characteristics and VHFO/theta coupling, during three states: baseline, preictal, and postictal for both HYP- and LVF-seizure groups. RESULTS Significant changes in most of the VHFO features were observed during the preictal state in both seizure groups. In the postictal state, VHFO features in the HYP-seizure group exhibited inverse alterations and appeared to align with those observed during baseline conditions. However, such phenomena were not observed after TLE seizures in the LVF-seizure group. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight distinct patterns of VHFO feature changes across different states of HYP seizures and LVF seizures. These results suggest that VHFOs could serve as indicative biomarkers for seizure alterations specifically associated with HYP-seizure states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengru Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Airui Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Mingqi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Zhaoxin Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Daqing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
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Trajano GS, Orssatto LBR, McCombe PA, Rivlin W, Tang L, Henderson RD. Longitudinal changes in intrinsic motoneuron excitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are dependent on disease progression. J Physiol 2023; 601:4723-4735. [PMID: 37768183 DOI: 10.1113/jp285181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased amplitude of persistent inward currents (PICs) is observed in pre-symptomatic genetically modified SOD1 mice models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, at the symptomatic stage this reverses and there is a large reduction in PIC amplitude. It remains unclear whether these changes in PICs can be observed in humans, with cross-sectional studies in humans reporting contradictory findings. In people with ALS, we estimated the PIC contribution to self-sustained firing of motoneurons, using the paired-motor unit analysis to calculate the Δfrequency (ΔF), to compare the weaker and stronger muscles during the course of disease. We hypothesised that, with disease progression, ΔFs would relatively increase in the stronger muscles; and decline in the weaker muscles. Forty-three individuals with ALS were assessed in two occasions on average 17 weeks apart. Tibialis anterior high-density electromyograms were recorded during dorsiflexion (40% of maximal capacity) ramped contractions, followed by clinical tests. ∆F increased from 3.14 (2.57, 3.71) peaks per second (pps) to 3.55 (2.94, 4.17) pps on the stronger muscles (0.41 (0.041, 0.781) pps, standardised difference (d) = 0.287 (0.023, 0.552), P = 0.030). ∆F reduced from 3.38 (95% CI 2.92, 3.84) pps to 2.88 (2.40, 3.36) pps on the weaker muscles (-0.50 (-0.80, -0.21) pps, d = 0.353 (0.138, 0.567), P = 0.001). The ALSFRS-R score reduced 3.9 (2.3, 5.5) points. These data indicate that the contribution of PICs to motoneuron self-sustained firing increases over time in early stages of the disease when there is little weakness before decreasing as the disease progresses and muscle weakness exacerbates, in alignment with the findings from studies using SOD1 mice. KEY POINTS: Research on mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) suggests that the amplitude of persistent inward currents (PICs) is increased in early stages before decreasing as the disease progresses. Cross-sectional studies in humans have reported contradictory findings with both higher and lower PIC contributions to motoneuron self-sustained firing. In this longitudinal (∼17 weeks) study we tracked changes in PIC contribution to motoneuron self-sustained firing, using the ΔF calculation (i.e. onset-offset hysteresis of motor unit pairs), in tibialis anterior muscles with normal strength and with clinical signs of weakness in people with ALS. ΔFs decreased over time in muscles with clinical signs of weakness. The PIC contribution to motoneuron self-sustained firing increases before the onset of muscle weakness, and subsequently decreases when muscle weakness progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel S Trajano
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lucas B R Orssatto
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Pamela A McCombe
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Warwick Rivlin
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lily Tang
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert D Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Ma M, Simoes de Souza F, Futia G, Anderson S, Riguero J, Tollin D, Gentile-Polese A, Platt J, Hiratani N, Gibson EA, Restrepo D. Decision-Making Time Cells in Hippocampal Dorsal CA1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.01.560382. [PMID: 37873178 PMCID: PMC10592611 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.01.560382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Sequential neural dynamics encoded by "time cells" play a crucial role in hippocampal function. However, the role of hippocampal sequential neural dynamics in associative learning is an open question. In this manuscript, we used two-photon Ca2+ imaging of dorsal CA1 pyramidal neurons in head-fixed mice performing a go-no-go associative learning task. We found that pyramidal cells responded differentially to the rewarded or unrewarded stimuli. The stimuli were decoded accurately from the activity of the neuronal ensemble, and accuracy increased substantially as the animal learned to differentiate the stimuli. Decoding the stimulus from individual pyramidal cells that responded differentially revealed that decision-making took place at discrete times after stimulus presentation. Lick prediction decoded from the ensemble activity of cells in dCA1 correlated linearly with lick behavior indicating that sequential activity of pyramidal cells in dCA1 constitutes a temporal memory map used for decision-making in associative learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ma
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - F. Simoes de Souza
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - G.L. Futia
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - S.R. Anderson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - J. Riguero
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - D. Tollin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - A. Gentile-Polese
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - J.P. Platt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - N. Hiratani
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - E. A. Gibson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - D. Restrepo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Taylor SR, Kobayashi M, Vilella A, Tiwari D, Zolboot N, Du JX, Spencer KR, Hartzell A, Girgiss C, Abaci YT, Shao Y, De Sanctis C, Bellenchi GC, Darnell RB, Gross C, Zoli M, Berg DK, Lippi G. MicroRNA-218 instructs proper assembly of hippocampal networks. eLife 2023; 12:e82729. [PMID: 37862092 PMCID: PMC10637775 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of the mammalian brain is orchestrated by temporally coordinated waves of gene expression. Post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) is a key aspect of this program. Indeed, deletion of neuron-enriched miRNAs induces strong developmental phenotypes, and miRNA levels are altered in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the mechanisms used by miRNAs to instruct brain development remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified miR-218 as a critical regulator of hippocampal assembly. MiR-218 is highly expressed in the hippocampus and enriched in both excitatory principal neurons (PNs) and GABAergic inhibitory interneurons (INs). Early life inhibition of miR-218 results in an adult brain with a predisposition to seizures. Changes in gene expression in the absence of miR-218 suggest that network assembly is impaired. Indeed, we find that miR-218 inhibition results in the disruption of early depolarizing GABAergic signaling, structural defects in dendritic spines, and altered intrinsic membrane excitability. Conditional knockout of Mir218-2 in INs, but not PNs, is sufficient to recapitulate long-term instability. Finally, de-repressing Kif21b and Syt13, two miR-218 targets, phenocopies the effects on early synchronous network activity induced by miR-218 inhibition. Taken together, the data suggest that miR-218 orchestrates formative events in PNs and INs to produce stable networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth R Taylor
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Mariko Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Antonietta Vilella
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences; Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (CfNN), University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | - Durgesh Tiwari
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiUnited States
| | - Norjin Zolboot
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Jessica X Du
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Kathryn R Spencer
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Andrea Hartzell
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Carol Girgiss
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Yusuf T Abaci
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Yufeng Shao
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | | | - Gian Carlo Bellenchi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A Buzzati-TraversoNaplesItaly
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly
| | - Robert B Darnell
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Christina Gross
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiUnited States
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences; Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (CfNN), University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | - Darwin K Berg
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Giordano Lippi
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
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50
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Garcia M, Gupta S, Wikenheiser AM. Sex differences in patch-leaving foraging decisions in rats. OXFORD OPEN NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 2:kvad011. [PMID: 38596244 PMCID: PMC11003400 DOI: 10.1093/oons/kvad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquity, importance, and sophistication of foraging behavior makes it an ideal platform for studying naturalistic decision making in animals. We developed a spatial patch-foraging task for rats, in which subjects chose how long to remain in one foraging patch as the rate of food earnings steadily decreased. The cost of seeking out a new location was varied across sessions. The behavioral task was designed to mimic the structure of natural foraging problems, where distinct spatial locations are associated with different reward statistics, and decisions require navigation and movement through space. Male and female Long-Evans rats generally followed the predictions of theoretical models of foraging, albeit with a consistent tendency to persist with patches for too long compared to behavioral strategies that maximize food intake rate. The tendency to choose overly-long patch residence times was stronger in male rats. We also observed sex differences in locomotion as rats performed the task, but these differences in movement only partially accounted for the differences in patch residence durations observed between male and female rats. Together, these results suggest a nuanced relationship between movement, sex, and foraging decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sukriti Gupta
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andrew M Wikenheiser
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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