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Kang W, Frouni I, Kwan C, Desbiens L, Hamadjida A, Huot P. Activation of mGlu 2/3 receptors with the orthosteric agonist LY-404,039 alleviates dyskinesia in experimental parkinsonism. Behav Pharmacol 2024; 35:185-192. [PMID: 38563661 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
LY-404,039 is an orthosteric agonist at metabotropic glutamate 2 and 3 (mGlu 2/3 ) receptors, with a possible additional agonist effect at dopamine D 2 receptors. LY-404,039 and its pro-drug, LY-2140023, have previously been tested in clinical trials for psychiatric indications and could therefore be repurposed if they were shown to be efficacious in other conditions. We have recently demonstrated that the mGlu 2/3 orthosteric agonist LY-354,740 alleviated L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA)-induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rat without hampering the anti-parkinsonian action of L-DOPA. Here, we seek to take advantage of a possible additional D 2 -agonist effect of LY-404,039 and see if an anti-parkinsonian benefit might be achieved in addition to the antidyskinetic effect of mGlu 2/3 activation. To this end, we have administered LY-404,039 (vehicle, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg) to 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, after which the severity of axial, limbs and oro-lingual (ALO) AIMs was assessed. The addition of LY-404,039 10 mg/kg to L-DOPA resulted in a significant reduction of ALO AIMs over 60-100 min (54%, P < 0.05). In addition, LY-404,039 significantly enhanced the antiparkinsonian effect of L-DOPA, assessed through the cylinder test (76%, P < 0.01). These results provide further evidence that mGlu 2/3 orthosteric stimulation may alleviate dyskinesia in PD and, in the specific case of LY-404,039, a possible D 2 -agonist effect might also make it attractive to address motor fluctuations. Because LY-404,039 and its pro-drug have been administered to humans, they could possibly be advanced to Phase IIa trials rapidly for the treatment of motor complications in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Kang
- Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro)
| | - Imane Frouni
- Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro)
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal
| | - Cynthia Kwan
- Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro)
| | - Louis Desbiens
- Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro)
| | - Adjia Hamadjida
- Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro)
| | - Philippe Huot
- Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro)
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University
- Department of Neurosciences, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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2
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Fabian CB, Jordan ND, Cole RH, Carley LG, Thompson SM, Seney ML, Joffe ME. Parvalbumin interneuron mGlu 5 receptors govern sex differences in prefrontal cortex physiology and binge drinking. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01889-0. [PMID: 38773314 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite established sex differences in the prevalence and presentation of psychiatric disorders, little is known about the cellular and synaptic mechanisms that guide these differences under basal conditions. The proper function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is essential for the top-down regulation of motivated behaviors. The activity of the PFC is tightly controlled by parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs), a key subpopulation of fast-spiking GABAergic cells that regulate cortical excitability through direct innervations onto the perisomatic regions of nearby pyramidal cells. Recent rodent studies have identified notable sex differences in PV-IN activity and adaptations to experiences such as binge drinking. Here, we investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie sex-specific regulation of PFC PV-IN function. Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology and selective pharmacology, we report that PV-INs from female mice are more excitable than those from males. Moreover, we find that mGlu1 and mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors regulate cell excitability, excitatory drive, and endocannabinoid signaling at PFC PV-INs in a sex-dependent manner. Genetic deletion of mGlu5 receptors from PV-expressing cells abrogates all sex differences observed in PV-IN membrane and synaptic physiology. Lastly, we report that female, but not male, PV-mGlu5-/- mice exhibit decreased voluntary drinking on an intermittent access schedule, which could be related to changes in ethanol's stimulant properties. Importantly, these studies identify mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors as candidate signaling molecules involved in sex differences in PV-IN activity and behaviors relevant to alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly B Fabian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nilah D Jordan
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca H Cole
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lily G Carley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shannon M Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marianne L Seney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Max E Joffe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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3
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Kellner V, Parker P, Mi X, Yu G, Saher G, Bergles DE. Conservation of neuron-astrocyte coordinated activity among sensory processing centers of the developing brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.15.589519. [PMID: 38659917 PMCID: PMC11042386 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.15.589519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Afferent neurons in developing sensory organs exhibit a prolonged period of burst firing prior to the onset of sensory experience. This intrinsically generated activity propagates from the periphery through central processing centers to promote the survival and physiological maturation of neurons and refine their synaptic connectivity. Recent studies in the auditory system indicate that these bursts of action potentials also trigger metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated calcium increases within astrocytes that are spatially and temporally correlated with neuronal events; however, it is not known if this phenomenon occurs in other sensory modalities. Here we show using in vivo simultaneous imaging of neuronal and astrocyte calcium activity in awake mouse pups that waves of retinal ganglion cell activity induce spatially and temporally correlated waves of astrocyte activity in the superior colliculus that depend on metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR5 and mGluR3. Astrocyte calcium transients reliably occurred with each neuronal wave, but peaked more than one second after neuronal events. Despite differences in the temporal features of spontaneous activity in auditory and visual processing regions, individual astrocytes exhibited similar overall calcium activity patterns, providing a conserved mechanism to synchronize neuronal and astrocyte maturation within discrete sensory domains.
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4
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Fabian CB, Jordan ND, Cole RH, Carley LG, Thompson SM, Seney ML, Joffe ME. Parvalbumin interneuron mGlu5 receptors govern sex differences in prefrontal cortex physiology and binge drinking. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.20.567903. [PMID: 38045379 PMCID: PMC10690210 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.20.567903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite established sex differences in the prevalence and presentation of psychiatric disorders, little is known about the cellular and synaptic mechanisms that guide these differences under basal conditions. Proper function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is essential for the top-down regulation of motivated behaviors. Activity of the PFC is tightly controlled by parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs), a key subpopulation of fast-spiking GABAergic cells that regulate cortical excitability through direct innervations onto the perisomatic regions of nearby pyramidal cells. Recent rodent studies have identified notable sex differences in PV-IN activity and adaptations to experiences such as binge drinking. Here, we investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie sex-specific regulation of PFC PV-IN function. Using whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology and selective pharmacology, we report that PV-INs from female mice are more excitable than those from males. Moreover, we find that mGlu1 and mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors regulate cell excitability, excitatory drive, and endocannabinoid signaling at PFC PV-INs in a sex-dependent manner. Genetic deletion of mGlu5 receptors from PV-expressing cells abrogates all sex differences observed in PV-IN membrane and synaptic physiology. Lastly, we report that female, but not male, PV-mGlu5-/- mice exhibit decreased voluntary drinking on an intermittent access schedule, which could be related to changes in ethanols stimulant properties. Importantly, these studies identify mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors as candidate signaling molecules involved in sex differences in PV-IN activity and behaviors relevant for alcohol use.
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Lao-Peregrin C, Xiang G, Kim J, Srivastava I, Fall AB, Gerhard DM, Kohtala P, Kim D, Song M, Garcia-Marcos M, Levitz J, Lee FS. Synaptic plasticity via receptor tyrosine kinase/G-protein-coupled receptor crosstalk. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113595. [PMID: 38117654 PMCID: PMC10844890 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular signaling involves a large repertoire of membrane receptors operating in overlapping spatiotemporal regimes and targeting many common intracellular effectors. However, both the molecular mechanisms and the physiological roles of crosstalk between receptors, especially those from different superfamilies, are poorly understood. We find that the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) TrkB and the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) together mediate hippocampal synaptic plasticity in response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Activated TrkB enhances constitutive mGluR5 activity to initiate a mode switch that drives BDNF-dependent sustained, oscillatory Ca2+ signaling and enhanced MAP kinase activation. This crosstalk is mediated, in part, by synergy between Gβγ, released by TrkB, and Gαq-GTP, released by mGluR5, to enable physiologically relevant RTK/GPCR crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guoqing Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ipsit Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexandra B Fall
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Danielle M Gerhard
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Piia Kohtala
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daegeon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeongnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38451, South Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeongnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38451, South Korea
| | - Mikel Garcia-Marcos
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Francis S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY 10065, USA.
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6
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Park EH, Kao HY, Jourdi H, van Dijk MT, Carrillo-Segura S, Tunnell KW, Gutierrez J, Wallace EJ, Troy-Regier M, Radwan B, Lesburguères E, Alarcon JM, Fenton AA. Phencyclidine Disrupts Neural Coordination and Cognitive Control by Dysregulating Translation. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:252-263. [PMID: 38298788 PMCID: PMC10829677 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Phencyclidine (PCP) causes psychosis, is abused with increasing frequency, and was extensively used in antipsychotic drug discovery. PCP discoordinates hippocampal ensemble action potential discharge and impairs cognitive control in rats, but how this uncompetitive NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist impairs cognition remains unknown. Methods The effects of PCP were investigated on hippocampal CA1 ensemble action potential discharge in vivo in urethane-anesthetized rats and during awake behavior in mice, on synaptic responses in ex vivo mouse hippocampus slices, in mice on a hippocampus-dependent active place avoidance task that requires cognitive control, and on activating the molecular machinery of translation in acute hippocampus slices. Mechanistic causality was assessed by comparing the PCP effects with the effects of inhibitors of protein synthesis, group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1/5), and subunit-selective NMDARs. Results Consistent with ionotropic actions, PCP discoordinated CA1 ensemble action potential discharge. PCP caused hyperactivity and impaired active place avoidance, despite the rodents having learned the task before PCP administration. Consistent with metabotropic actions, PCP exaggerated protein synthesis-dependent DHPG-induced mGluR1/5-stimulated long-term synaptic depression. Pretreatment with anisomycin or the mGluR1/5 antagonist MPEP, both of which repress translation, prevented PCP-induced discoordination and the cognitive and sensorimotor impairments. PCP as well as the NR2A-containing NMDAR antagonist NVP-AAM077 unbalanced translation that engages the Akt, mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin), and 4EBP1 translation machinery and increased protein synthesis, whereas the NR2B-containing antagonist Ro25-6981 did not. Conclusions PCP dysregulates translation, acting through NR2A-containing NMDAR subtypes, recruiting mGluR1/5 signaling pathways, and leading to neural discoordination that is central to the cognitive and sensorimotor impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Park
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Hsin-Yi Kao
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Hussam Jourdi
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Milenna T. van Dijk
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Simón Carrillo-Segura
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
- Graduate Program in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, New York, New York
| | - Kayla W. Tunnell
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
| | | | - Emma J. Wallace
- Graduate Program in Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Matthew Troy-Regier
- Graduate Program in Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Basma Radwan
- Graduate Program in Neural Science, Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
| | | | - Juan Marcos Alarcon
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - André A. Fenton
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
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Dogra S, Aguayo C, Xiang Z, Putnam J, Smith J, Johnston C, Foster DJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Conn PJ. Activation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 3 Modulates Thalamo-accumbal Transmission and Rescues Schizophrenia-like Physiological and Behavioral Deficits. Biol Psychiatry 2023:S0006-3223(23)01753-5. [PMID: 38061467 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in the gene encoding for metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGlu3) are associated with an increased likelihood of schizophrenia diagnosis and can predict improvements in negative symptoms following treatment with antipsychotics. However, the mechanisms by which mGlu3 can regulate brain circuits involved in schizophrenia pathophysiology are not clear. METHODS We employed selective pharmacological tools and a variety of approaches including whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, slice optogenetics, and fiber photometry to investigate the effects of mGlu3 activation on phencyclidine (PCP)-induced impairments in thalamo-accumbal transmission and sociability deficits. A chemogenetic approach was used to evaluate the role of thalamo-accumbal transmission in PCP-induced sociability deficits. RESULTS We first established that PCP treatment augmented excitatory transmission onto dopamine D1 receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and induced sociability deficits. Our studies revealed a selective increase in glutamatergic synaptic transmission from thalamic afferents to D1-MSNs in the NAc shell. Chemogenetic silencing of thalamo-accumbal inputs rescued PCP-induced sociability deficits. Pharmacological activation of mGlu3 normalized PCP-induced impairments in thalamo-accumbal transmission and sociability deficits. Mechanistic studies revealed that mGlu3 activation induced robust long-term depression at synapses from the thalamic projections onto D1-MSNs in the NAc shell. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that activation of mGlu3 decreases thalamo-accumbal transmission and thereby rescues sociability deficits in mouse modeling schizophrenia-like symptoms. These findings provide novel insights into the NAc-specific mechanisms and suggest that agents modulating glutamatergic signaling in the NAc may provide a promising approach for treating negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Dogra
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - Caleb Aguayo
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Zixiu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jason Putnam
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joshua Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Curran Johnston
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Daniel J Foster
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
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D'Antoni S, Schiavi S, Buzzelli V, Giuffrida S, Feo A, Ascone F, Busceti CL, Nicoletti F, Trezza V, Catania MV. Group I and group II metabotropic glutamate receptors are upregulated in the synapses of infant rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2617-2629. [PMID: 37707611 PMCID: PMC10640443 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and restricted/stereotyped behavior. Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) is associated with an increased risk of developing ASD in humans and autistic-like behaviors in rodents. Increasing evidence indicates that dysfunctions of glutamate receptors at synapses are associated with ASD. In the VPA rat model, an involvement of glutamate receptors in autism-like phenotypes has been suggested; however, few studies were carried out on metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors. OBJECTIVES We examined the protein expression levels of group I (mGlu1 and mGlu5) and group II (mGlu2/3) mGlu receptors in rats prenatally exposed to VPA and evaluated the effect of mGlu receptor modulation on an early autism-like phenotype in these animals. METHODS We used western blotting analysis on synaptosomes obtained from forebrain of control and VPA rats at different ages (postnatal day P13, 35, 90) and carried out ultrasonic vocalization (USV) emission test in infant control and VPA rats. RESULTS The expression levels of all these receptors were significantly increased in infant VPA rats. No changes were detected in adolescent and adult rats. An acute treatment with the preferential mGlu2/3 antagonist, LY341495, attenuated the impairment in the USV emission in VPA rats. No effect was observed after a treatment with the mGlu5 selective antagonist, MTEP. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that the expression of group I and group II mGlu receptors is upregulated at synapses of infant VPA rats and suggest that mGlu2/3 receptor modulation may have a therapeutic potential in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona D'Antoni
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Sara Schiavi
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Buzzelli
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Samuele Giuffrida
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Feo
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ascone
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
- Neuroendocrinology, Metabolism and Neuropharmacology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vincenza Catania
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy.
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Tan Y, Cheng C, Zheng C, Zeng W, Yang X, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Ma Z, Xu Y, Cao X. Activation of mGlu 2/3 receptors in the striatum alleviates L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and inhibits abnormal postsynaptic molecular expression. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 231:173637. [PMID: 37714223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu2/3 receptors) have been regarded as promising candidates for the treatment of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID); however, confirmation is still lacking. As the hub of the basal ganglia circuit, the striatum plays a critical role in action control. Supersensitive responsiveness of glutamatergic corticostriatal input may be the key mechanism for the development of LID. In this study, we first examined the potency of LY354740 (12 mg/kg, i.p.) in modulating glutamate and dopamine release in lesioned striatum of stable LID rats. Then, we injected LY354740 (20nmoL or 40nmoL in 4 μL of sterile 0.9 % saline) directly into the lesioned striatum to verify its ability to reduce or attenuate L-DOPA-induced abnormal involuntary movements. In experiment conducted in established LID rats, after continuous injection for 4 days, we found that LY354740 significantly reduced the expression of dyskinesia. In another experiment conducted in parkinsonism rat models, we found that LY354740 attenuated the development of LID with an inverted-U dose-response curve. The role of LY354740 in modulating striatal expressions of LID-related molecular changes was also assessed after these behavioral experiments. We found that LY354740 significantly inhibited abnormal expressions of p-Fyn/p-NMDA/p-ERK1/2/p-HistoneH3/ΔFosB, which is in line with its ability to alleviate abnormal involuntary movements in both LID expression and induction phase. Our study indicates that activation of striatal mGlu2/3 receptors can attenuate the development of dyskinesia in parkinsonism rats and provide some functional improvements in LID rats by inhibiting LID-related molecular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tan
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Chi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Hanchuan People's Hospital, 432300, China
| | - Cong Zheng
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Weiqi Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xiaoman Yang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Zhuoran Ma
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
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10
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Kang W, Nuara SG, Bédard D, Frouni I, Kwan C, Hamadjida A, Gourdon JC, Gaudette F, Beaudry F, Huot P. The mGluR 2/3 orthosteric agonist LY-404,039 reduces dyskinesia, psychosis-like behaviours and parkinsonism in the MPTP-lesioned marmoset. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2347-2355. [PMID: 37410156 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
LY-404,039 is an orthosteric agonist of metabotropic glutamate 2 and 3 receptors (mGluR2/3) that may harbour additional agonist effect at dopamine D2 receptors. LY-404,039 and its pro-drug, LY-2140023, have previously entered clinical trials as treatment options for schizophrenia. They could therefore be repurposed, if proven efficacious, for other conditions, notably Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously shown that the mGluR2/3 orthosteric agonist LY-354,740 alleviated L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA)-induced dyskinesia and psychosis-like behaviours (PLBs) in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned marmoset. Unlike LY-404,039, LY-354,740 does not stimulate dopamine D2 receptors, suggesting that LY-404,039 may elicit broader therapeutic effects in PD. Here, we sought to investigate the effect of this possible additional dopamine D2-agonist action of LY-404,039 by assessing its efficacy on dyskinesia, PLBs and parkinsonism in the MPTP-lesioned marmoset. We first determined the pharmacokinetic profile of LY-404,039 in the marmoset, in order to select doses resulting in plasma concentrations known to be well tolerated in the clinic. Marmosets were then injected L-DOPA with either vehicle or LY-404,039 (0.1, 0.3, 1 and 10 mg/kg). The addition of LY-404,039 10 mg/kg to L-DOPA resulted in a significant reduction of global dyskinesia (by 55%, P < 0.01) and PLBs (by 50%, P < 0.05), as well as reduction of global parkinsonism (by 47%, P < 0.05). Our results provide additional support of the efficacy of mGluR2/3 orthosteric stimulation at alleviating dyskinesia, PLBs and parkinsonism. Because LY-404,039 has already been tested in clinical trials, it could be repurposed for indications related to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Kang
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro), 3801 University St, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Stephen G Nuara
- Comparative Medicine & Animal Resource Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dominique Bédard
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro), 3801 University St, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Imane Frouni
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro), 3801 University St, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cynthia Kwan
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro), 3801 University St, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Adjia Hamadjida
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro), 3801 University St, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jim C Gourdon
- Comparative Medicine & Animal Resource Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fleur Gaudette
- Plateforme de Pharmacocinétique, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Francis Beaudry
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cerveau et l'Apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Huot
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro), 3801 University St, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Neurosciences, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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11
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Lao-Peregrin C, Xiang G, Kim J, Srivastava I, Fall AB, Gerhard DM, Kohtala P, Kim D, Song M, Garcia-Marcos M, Levitz J, Lee FS. Synaptic plasticity via receptor tyrosine kinase/G protein-coupled receptor crosstalk. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.28.555210. [PMID: 37693535 PMCID: PMC10491144 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.28.555210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Cellular signaling involves a large repertoire of membrane receptors operating in overlapping spatiotemporal regimes and targeting many common intracellular effectors. However, both the molecular mechanisms and physiological roles of crosstalk between receptors, especially those from different superfamilies, are poorly understood. We find that the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), TrkB, and the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5), together mediate a novel form of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Activated TrkB enhances constitutive mGluR5 activity to initiate a mode-switch that drives BDNF-dependent sustained, oscillatory Ca 2+ signaling and enhanced MAP kinase activation. This crosstalk is mediated, in part, by synergy between Gβγ, released by TrkB, and Gα q -GTP, released by mGluR5, to enable a previously unidentified form of physiologically relevant RTK/GPCR crosstalk.
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12
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Matrisciano F. Epigenetic regulation of metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptors: Potential role for ultra-resistant schizophrenia? Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023:173589. [PMID: 37348609 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe and debilitating psychiatric disorder characterized by early cognitive deficits, emotional and behavioral abnormalities resulted by a dysfunctional gene x environment interaction. Genetic and epigenetic abnormalities in cortical parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons lead to alterations in glutamate-mediated excitatory neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal development. Epigenetic alterations during pregnancy or early phases of postnatal life are associated with schizophrenia vulnerability as well as inflammatory processes which are at the basis of brain pathology. An epigenetic animal model of schizophrenia showed specific changes in promoter DNA methylation activity of genes related to schizophrenia such as reelin, BDNF and GAD67, and altered expression and function of mGlu2/3 receptors in the frontal cortex. Although antipsychotic medications represent the main treatment for schizophrenia and generally show an optimal efficacy profile for positive symptoms and relatively poor efficacy for negative or cognitive symptoms, a considerable percentage of individuals show poor response, do not achieve a complete remission, and approximately 30 % of patients show treatment-resistance. Here, we explore the potential role of epigenetic abnormalities linked to metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptors changes in expression and function as key molecular factors underlying the difference in response to antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Matrisciano
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA.
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13
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Nicoletti F, Di Menna L, Iacovelli L, Orlando R, Zuena AR, Conn PJ, Dogra S, Joffe ME. GPCR interactions involving metabotropic glutamate receptors and their relevance to the pathophysiology and treatment of CNS disorders. Neuropharmacology 2023; 235:109569. [PMID: 37142158 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular responses to metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor activation are shaped by mechanisms of receptor-receptor interaction. mGlu receptor subtypes form homodimers, intra- or inter-group heterodimers, and heteromeric complexes with other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In addition, mGlu receptors may functionally interact with other receptors through the βγ subunits released from G proteins in response to receptor activation or other mechanisms. Here, we discuss the interactions between (i) mGlu1 and GABAB receptors in cerebellar Purkinje cells; (ii) mGlu2 and 5-HT2Aserotonergic receptors in the prefrontal cortex; (iii) mGlu5 and A2A receptors or mGlu5 and D1 dopamine receptors in medium spiny projection neurons of the indirect and direct pathways of the basal ganglia motor circuit; (iv) mGlu5 and A2A receptors in relation to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease; and (v) mGlu7 and A1 adenosine or α- or β1 adrenergic receptors. In addition, we describe in detail a novel form of non-heterodimeric interaction between mGlu3 and mGlu5 receptors, which appears to be critically involved in mechanisms of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Finally, we highlight the potential implication of these interactions in the pathophysiology and treatment of cerebellar disorders, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, l-DOPA-induced dyskinesias, stress-related disorders, and cognitive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.
| | | | - Luisa Iacovelli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Orlando
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Zuena
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Italy; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shalini Dogra
- Department of Pharmacology, Italy; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Max E Joffe
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
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14
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Guidolin D, Tortorella C, Marcoli M, Cervetto C, Maura G, Agnati LF. Receptor-receptor interactions and microvesicle exchange as mechanisms modulating signaling between neurons and astrocytes. Neuropharmacology 2023; 231:109509. [PMID: 36935005 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that astrocytes play a significant metabolic role in the nervous tissue, maintaining the homeostasis of the extracellular space and of the blood-brain barrier, and providing trophic support to neurons. In addition, however, evidence exists indicating astrocytes as important elements for brain activity through signaling exchange with neurons. Astrocytes, indeed, can sense synaptic activity and their molecular machinery responds to neurotransmitters released by neurons with cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevations that, in turn, stimulate the release of neuroactive substances (gliotransmitters) influencing nearby neurons. In both cell types the recognition and transduction of this complex pattern of signals is mediated by specific receptors that are also involved in mechanisms tuning the intercellular cross-talk between astrocytes and neurons. Two of these mechanisms are the focus of the present discussion. The first concerns direct receptor-receptor interactions leading to the formation at the cell membrane of multimeric receptor complexes. The cooperativity that emerges in the actions of orthosteric and allosteric ligands of the monomers forming the assembly provides the cell decoding apparatus with sophisticated and flexible dynamics in terms of recognition and signal transduction pathways. A further mechanism of plasticity involving receptors is based on the transfer of elements of the cellular signaling apparatus via extracellular microvesicles acting as protective containers, which can lead to transient changes in the transmitting/decoding capabilities of the target cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, 16126, Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, 16126, Genova, Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, 16126, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi F Agnati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
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15
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Brown J, Grayson B, Neill JC, Harte M, Wall MJ, Ngomba RT. Oscillatory Deficits in the Sub-Chronic PCP Rat Model for Schizophrenia Are Reversed by mGlu5 Receptor-Positive Allosteric Modulators VU0409551 and VU0360172. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060919. [PMID: 36980260 PMCID: PMC10047164 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The cognitive deficits of schizophrenia are linked to imbalanced excitatory and inhibitory signalling in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), disrupting gamma oscillations. We previously demonstrated that two mGlu5 receptor-positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), VU0409551 and VU0360172, restore cognitive deficits in the sub-chronic PCP (scPCP) rodent model for schizophrenia via distinct changes in PFC intracellular signalling molecules. Here, we have assessed ex vivo gamma oscillatory activity in PFC slices from scPCP rats and investigated the effects of VU0409551 and VU0360172 upon oscillatory power. mGlu5 receptor, protein kinase C (PKC), and phospholipase C (PLC) inhibition were also used to examine ‘modulation bias’ in PAM activity. The amplitude and area power of gamma oscillations were significantly diminished in the scPCP model. Slice incubation with either VU0409551 or VU0360172 rescued scPCP-induced oscillatory deficits in a concentration-dependent manner. MTEP blocked the PAM-induced restoration of oscillatory power, confirming the requirement of mGlu5 receptor modulation. Whilst PLC inhibition prevented the power increase mediated by both PAMs, PKC inhibition diminished the effects of VU0360172 but not VU0409551. This aligns with previous reports that VU0409551 exhibits preferential activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway over the PKC cascade. Restoration of the excitatory/inhibitory signalling balance and gamma oscillations may therefore underlie the mGluR5 PAM-mediated correction of scPCP-induced cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Brown
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ben Grayson
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Joanna C. Neill
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael Harte
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.J.W.); (R.T.N.); Tel.: +44-(0)161-2752328 (M.H.); +44-(0)247-6573772 (M.J.W.); +44-(0)152-2837392 (R.T.N.)
| | - Mark J. Wall
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.J.W.); (R.T.N.); Tel.: +44-(0)161-2752328 (M.H.); +44-(0)247-6573772 (M.J.W.); +44-(0)152-2837392 (R.T.N.)
| | - Richard T. Ngomba
- School of Pharmacy, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.J.W.); (R.T.N.); Tel.: +44-(0)161-2752328 (M.H.); +44-(0)247-6573772 (M.J.W.); +44-(0)152-2837392 (R.T.N.)
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16
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Celli R, Striano P, Citraro R, Di Menna L, Cannella M, Imbriglio T, Koko M, Consortium EEC, De Sarro G, Monn JA, Battaglia G, van Luijtelaar G, Nicoletti F, Russo E, Leo A. mGlu3 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors as a Target for the Treatment of Absence Epilepsy: Preclinical and Human Genetics Data. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:105-118. [PMID: 35579153 PMCID: PMC10193767 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220509160511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that different metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor subtypes are potential drug targets for treating absence epilepsy. However, no information is available on mGlu3 receptors. OBJECTIVE To examine whether (i) changes of mGlu3 receptor expression/signaling are found in the somatosensory cortex and thalamus of WAG/Rij rats developing spontaneous absence seizures; (ii) selective activation of mGlu3 receptors with LY2794193 affects the number and duration of spikewave discharges (SWDs) in WAG/Rij rats; and (iii) a genetic variant of GRM3 (encoding the mGlu3 receptor) is associated with absence epilepsy. METHODS Animals: immunoblot analysis of mGlu3 receptors, GAT-1, GLAST, and GLT-1; realtime PCR analysis of mGlu3 mRNA levels; assessment of mGlu3 receptor signaling; EEG analysis of SWDs; assessment of depressive-like behavior. Humans: search for GRM3 and GRM5 missense variants in 196 patients with absence epilepsy or other Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy (IGE)/ Genetic Generalized Epilepsy (GGE) and 125,748 controls. RESULTS mGlu3 protein levels and mGlu3-mediated inhibition of cAMP formation were reduced in the thalamus and somatosensory cortex of pre-symptomatic (25-27 days old) and symptomatic (6-7 months old) WAG/Rij rats compared to age-matched controls. Treatment with LY2794193 (1 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced absence seizures and depressive-like behavior in WAG/Rij rats. LY2794193 also enhanced GAT1, GLAST, and GLT-1 protein levels in the thalamus and somatosensory cortex. GRM3 and GRM5 gene variants did not differ between epileptic patients and controls. CONCLUSION We suggest that mGlu3 receptors modulate the activity of the cortico-thalamo-cortical circuit underlying SWDs and that selective mGlu3 receptor agonists are promising candidate drugs for absence epilepsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Department Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. “G. Gaslini” Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Rita Citraro
- University of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Science of Health Department, FAS@UMG Research Center, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mahmoud Koko
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- University of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Science of Health Department, FAS@UMG Research Center, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- University of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Science of Health Department, FAS@UMG Research Center, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Leo
- University of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Science of Health Department, FAS@UMG Research Center, Catanzaro, Italy
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17
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The role of thalamic group II mGlu receptors in health and disease. Neuronal Signal 2022; 6:NS20210058. [PMID: 36561092 PMCID: PMC9760452 DOI: 10.1042/ns20210058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The thalamus plays a pivotal role in the integration and processing of sensory, motor, and cognitive information. It is therefore important to understand how the thalamus operates in states of both health and disease. In the present review, we discuss the function of the Group II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors within thalamic circuitry, and how they may represent therapeutic targets in treating disease states associated with thalamic dysfunction.
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18
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Matrisciano F, Locci V, Dong E, Nicoletti F, Guidotti A, Grayson DR. Altered Expression and In Vivo Activity of mGlu5 Variant a Receptors in the Striatum of BTBR Mice: Novel Insights Into the Pathophysiology of Adult Idiopathic Forms of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2354-2368. [PMID: 35139800 PMCID: PMC9890299 DOI: 10.2174/1567202619999220209112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors are considered as candidate drug targets in the treatment of "monogenic" forms of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), such as Fragile- X syndrome (FXS). However, despite promising preclinical data, clinical trials using mGlu5 receptor antagonists to treat FXS showed no beneficial effects. OBJECTIVE Here, we studied the expression and function of mGlu5 receptors in the striatum of adult BTBR mice, which model idiopathic forms of ASD, and behavioral phenotype. METHODS Behavioral tests were associated with biochemistry analysis including qPCR and western blot for mRNA and protein expression. In vivo analysis of polyphosphoinositides hydrolysis was performed to study the mGlu5-mediated intracellular signaling in the striatum of adult BTBR mice under basal conditions and after MTEP exposure. RESULTS Expression of mGlu5 receptors and mGlu5 receptor-mediated polyphosphoinositides hydrolysis were considerably high in the striatum of BTBR mice, sensitive to MTEP treatment. Changes in the expression of genes encoding for proteins involved in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity, including Fmr1, Dlg4, Shank3, Brd4, bdnf-exon IX, Mef2c, and Arc, GriA2, Glun1, Nr2A, and Grm1, Grm2, GriA1, and Gad1 were also found. Behaviorally, BTBR mice showed high repetitive stereotypical behaviors, including self-grooming and deficits in social interactions. Acute or repeated injections with MTEP reversed the stereotyped behavior and the social interaction deficit. Similar effects were observed with the NMDA receptor blockers MK-801 or ketamine. CONCLUSION These findings support a pivotal role of mGlu5 receptor abnormal expression and function in idiopathic ASD adult forms and unveil novel potential targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Matrisciano
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Valentina Locci
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Erbo Dong
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics Department of Psychiatry College of Medicine University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Guidotti
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics Department of Psychiatry College of Medicine University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dennis R. Grayson
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics Department of Psychiatry College of Medicine University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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19
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Fabian CB, Seney ML, Joffe ME. Sex differences and hormonal regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor synaptic plasticity. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 168:311-347. [PMID: 36868632 PMCID: PMC10392610 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Striking sex differences exist in presentation and incidence of several psychiatric disorders. For example, major depressive disorder is more prevalent in women than men, and women who develop alcohol use disorder progress through drinking milestones more rapidly than men. With regards to psychiatric treatment responses, women respond more favorably to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors than men, whereas men have better outcomes when prescribed tricyclic antidepressants. Despite such well-documented biases in incidence, presentation, and treatment response, sex as a biological variable has long been neglected in preclinical and clinical research. An emerging family of druggable targets for psychiatric diseases, metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are G-protein coupled receptors broadly distributed throughout the central nervous system. mGlu receptors confer diverse neuromodulatory actions of glutamate at the levels of synaptic plasticity, neuronal excitability, and gene transcription. In this chapter, we summarize the current preclinical and clinical evidence for sex differences in mGlu receptor function. We first highlight basal sex differences in mGlu receptor expression and function and proceed to describe how gonadal hormones, notably estradiol, regulate mGlu receptor signaling. We then describe sex-specific mechanisms by which mGlu receptors differentially modulate synaptic plasticity and behavior in basal states and models relevant for disease. Finally, we discuss human research findings and highlight areas in need of further research. Taken together, this review emphasizes how mGlu receptor function and expression can differ across sex. Gaining a more complete understanding of how sex differences in mGlu receptor function contribute to psychiatric diseases will be critical in the development of novel therapeutics that are effective in all individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly B Fabian
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Marianne L Seney
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Max E Joffe
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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20
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Dogra S, Putnam J, Conn PJ. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 as a potential therapeutic target for psychiatric and neurological disorders. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 221:173493. [PMID: 36402243 PMCID: PMC9729465 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) and abnormalities in the glutamatergic system underlie various CNS disorders. As metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGlu3 receptor) regulates glutamatergic transmission in various brain areas, emerging literature suggests that targeting mGlu3 receptors can be a novel approach to the treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders. For example, mGlu3 receptor negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) induce rapid antidepressant-like effects in both acute and chronic stress models. Activation of mGlu3 receptors can enhance cognition in the rodents modeling schizophrenia-like pathophysiology. The mGlu3 receptors expressed in the astrocytes induce neuroprotective effects. Although polymorphisms in GRM3 have been shown to be associated with addiction, there is not significant evidence about the efficacy of mGlu3 receptor ligands in rodent models of addiction. Collectively, drugs targeting mGlu3 receptors may provide an alternative approach to fill the unmet clinical need for safer and more efficacious therapeutics for CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Dogra
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jason Putnam
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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21
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Nuara SG, Gourdon JC, Huot P. Evaluation of the effects of the mGlu 2/3 antagonist LY341495 on dyskinesia and psychosis-like behaviours in the MPTP-lesioned marmoset. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:614-625. [PMID: 35761013 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that the metabotropic glutamate 2 and 3 (mGlu2/3) antagonist LY341495 reverses the anti-dyskinetic and anti-psychotic benefits conferred by mGlu2 activation and serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) antagonism. Here, we hypothesised that a higher dose of LY341495, associated with a higher antagonistic effect at mGlu3 receptors, would result in a reduction of the reversal of mGlu2 activation and 5-HT2A blockade on dyskinesia, in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned marmoset. METHODS After induction of parkinsonism with MPTP, marmosets entered 3 streams of experiments, in which the following treatments were administered, in combination with l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), after which dyskinesia, psychosis-like behaviours (PLBs) and parkinsonism were rated: 1. vehicle/vehicle, LY354740 (mGlu2/3 orthosteric agonist)/vehicle, LY354740/LY341495 1 mg/kg and LY354740/LY341495 3 mg/kg; 2. vehicle/vehicle, LY487379 (mGlu2 positive allosteric modulator)/vehicle, LY487379/LY341495 1 mg/kg and LY487379/LY341495 3 mg/kg; 3. vehicle/vehicle, EMD-281,014 (5-HT2A antagonist)/vehicle, EMD-281,014/LY341495 1 mg/kg and EMD-281,014/LY341495 3 mg/kg. RESULTS Each of LY354740, LY487379 and EMD-281,014 reduced the severity of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia, by 55%, 39% and 40%, respectively (all p < 0.001), as well as the severity of PLBs, by 48%, 36% and 41%, respectively (all p < 0.001). Adding LY341495 1 and 3 mg/kg to each of LY354740, LY487379 and EMD-281,014 resulted in a dose-dependent reversal of their anti-dyskinetic and anti-psychotic actions. No effect on the anti-parkinsonian action of L-DOPA was noted with any treatment combination. CONCLUSION These results suggest that an antagonistic effect at mGlu3 receptors may not be sufficient to overcome the deleterious effect of mGlu2 blockade on dyskinesia in PD. It remains to be seen whether similar effects would have been obtained with a selective mGlu3 antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen G Nuara
- Comparative Medicine and Animal Resource Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jim C Gourdon
- Comparative Medicine and Animal Resource Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Huot
- Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (The Neuro), 3801 University St, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada. .,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Movement Disorder Clinic, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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22
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Ferranti AS, Johnson KA, Winder DG, Conn PJ, Joffe ME. Prefrontal cortex parvalbumin interneurons exhibit decreased excitability and potentiated synaptic strength after ethanol reward learning. Alcohol 2022; 101:17-26. [PMID: 35227826 PMCID: PMC9117490 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is intimately associated with behavioral characteristics of alcohol use disorders, including high motivation to drink and difficulty with moderation. Thus, continued mechanistic research investigating PFC cells and targets altered by ethanol experiences should inform translational efforts to craft new, efficacious treatments. Inhibitory interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV-INs) comprise only a minor fraction of cells within the PFC, yet these cells are indispensable for coordinating PFC ensemble function, oscillatory activity, and subcortical output. Based on this, PV-INs represent an exciting target for the rational design of breakthrough treatments for alcohol use disorders. Here, we assessed experience-dependent physiological adaptations via ethanol place conditioning. By manipulating the timing of administration relative to conditioning sessions, equivalent ethanol exposure can form either rewarding or aversive memories in different individuals. Here, we found that female mice and male mice on a C57BL/6J background display conditioned place preference (CPP) or aversion (CPA) to an intoxicating dose of ethanol (2 g/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) without overt differences between sexes. Ethanol reward learning was associated with decreased PV-IN excitability in deep layer prelimbic PFC, whereas PV-INs from CPA mice were not different from controls. Furthermore, PV-INs from mice in the CPP group, but not the CPA group, displayed potentiated excitatory synaptic strength that emerged during 1 week of abstinence. Taken together, these findings illustrate that synaptic and intrinsic adaptations associated with ethanol can depend on an individual's experience. These studies provide further context and support for PFC PV-INs as intriguing targets for modulating alcohol associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kari A. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Danny G. Winder
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN
| | - Max E. Joffe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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23
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Teleuca AE, Alemà GS, Casolini P, Barberis I, Ciabattoni F, Orlando R, Di Menna L, Iacovelli L, Scioli MR, Nicoletti F, Zuena AR. Changes in mGlu5 Receptor Signaling Are Associated with Associative Learning and Memory Extinction in Mice. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030463. [PMID: 35330215 PMCID: PMC8955168 DOI: 10.3390/life12030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using an in vivo method for the assessment of polyphosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis, we examine whether spatial learning and memory extinction cause changes in mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. We use the following five groups of mice: (i) naive mice; (ii) control mice exposed to the same environment as learner mice; (iii) leaner mice, trained for four days in a water maze; (iv) mice in which memory extinction was induced by six trials without the platform; (v) mice that spontaneously lost memory. The mGlu5 receptor-mediated PI hydrolysis was significantly reduced in the dorsal hippocampus of learner mice as compared to naive and control mice. The mGlu5 receptor signaling was also reduced in the ventral hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of learner mice, but only with respect to naive mice. Memory extinction was associated with a large up-regulation of mGlu5 receptor-mediated PI hydrolysis in the three brain regions and with increases in mGlu5 receptor and phospholipase-Cβ protein levels in the ventral and dorsal hippocampus, respectively. These findings support a role for mGlu5 receptors in mechanisms underlying spatial learning and suggest that mGlu5 receptors are candidate drug targets for disorders in which cognitive functions are impaired or aversive memories are inappropriately retained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elena Teleuca
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
| | - Giovanni Sebastiano Alemà
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
| | - Paola Casolini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
| | - Ilaria Barberis
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
| | - Francesco Ciabattoni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
| | - Rosamaria Orlando
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (L.D.M.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Luisa Di Menna
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (L.D.M.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Luisa Iacovelli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
| | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (L.D.M.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Anna Rita Zuena
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.E.T.); (G.S.A.); (P.C.); (I.B.); (F.C.); (R.O.); (L.I.); (F.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +39-06-49912513
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24
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Dogra S, Conn PJ. Metabotropic glutamate receptors as emerging targets for the treatment of schizophrenia. Mol Pharmacol 2022; 101:275-285. [PMID: 35246479 PMCID: PMC9092465 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence of glutamatergic abnormalities in the brains of schizophrenia patients has led to efforts to target various components of glutamatergic signaling as potential new approaches for schizophrenia. Exciting research suggests that metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors could provide a fundamentally new approach for better symptomatic relief in schizophrenia patients. In preclinical studies, the mGlu5 receptor positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have efficacy in animal models relevant for all symptom domains in schizophrenia. Interestingly, biased pure mGlu5 receptor PAMs that do not potentiate coupling of mGlu5 receptors to NMDA receptors lack neurotoxic effects associated with mGlu5 PAMs that enhance coupling to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors or have allosteric agonist activity (ago-PAMs). This provides a better therapeutic profile for treating schizophrenia-like symptoms. Additionally, the mGlu1 receptor PAMs modulate dopamine release in the striatum, which may contribute to their antipsychotic-like effects. Besides group I mGlu (mGlu1 and mGlu5) receptors, agonists of mGlu2/3 receptor also induce robust antipsychotic-like and pro-cognitive effects in rodents and may be effective in treating symptoms of schizophrenia in a selective group of patients. Additionally, mGlu2/4 receptor heterodimers modulate glutamatergic neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex at selective synapses activated in schizophrenia and, therefore, hold potential as novel antipsychotics. Excitingly, the mGlu3 receptor activation can enhance cognition in rodents suggesting that mGlu3 receptor agonist/PAM could provide a novel approach for the treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Collectively, the development of mGlu receptor-specific ligands may provide an alternative approach to meet the clinical need for safer and efficacious therapeutics for schizophrenia. Significance Statement The currently available antipsychotic medications do not show significant efficacy for treating negative symptoms and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Emerging preclinical and clinical literature suggests that pharmacological targeting of metabotropic glutamate receptors could potentially provide an alternative approach for designing safer and efficacious therapeutics for treating schizophrenia.
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25
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Kovalenko AA, Zakharova MV, Schwarz AP, Dyomina AV, Zubareva OE, Zaitsev AV. Changes in Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Gene Expression in Rat Brain in a Lithium-Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052752. [PMID: 35269897 PMCID: PMC8910969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing epileptogenesis in people at risk is an unmet medical need. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are promising targets for such therapy. However, drugs acting on mGluRs are not used in the clinic due to limited knowledge of the involvement of mGluRs in epileptogenesis. This study aimed to analyze the changes in gene expression of mGluR subtypes (1-5, 7, 8) in various rat brain regions in the latent and chronic phases of a lithium-pilocarpine model of epilepsy. For this study, multiplex test systems were selected and optimized to analyze mGluR gene expression using RT-qPCR. Region- and phase-specific changes in expression were revealed. During the latent phase, mGluR5 mRNA levels were increased in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus, and expression of group III genes was decreased in the hippocampus and temporal cortex, which could contribute to epileptogenesis. Most of the changes in expression detected in the latent stage were absent in the chronic stage, but mGluR8 mRNA production remained reduced in the hippocampus. Moreover, we found that gene expression of group II mGluRs was altered only in the chronic phase. The study deepened our understanding of the mechanisms of epileptogenesis and suggested that agonists of group III mGluRs are the most promising targets for preventing epilepsy.
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26
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Membrane trafficking and positioning of mGluRs at presynaptic and postsynaptic sites of excitatory synapses. Neuropharmacology 2021; 200:108799. [PMID: 34592242 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The plethora of functions of glutamate in the brain are mediated by the complementary actions of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). The ionotropic glutamate receptors carry most of the fast excitatory transmission, while mGluRs modulate transmission on longer timescales by triggering multiple intracellular signaling pathways. As such, mGluRs mediate critical aspects of synaptic transmission and plasticity. Interestingly, at synapses, mGluRs operate at both sides of the cleft, and thus bidirectionally exert the effects of glutamate. At postsynaptic sites, group I mGluRs act to modulate excitability and plasticity. At presynaptic sites, group II and III mGluRs act as auto-receptors, modulating release properties in an activity-dependent manner. Thus, synaptic mGluRs are essential signal integrators that functionally couple presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms of transmission and plasticity. Understanding how these receptors reach the membrane and are positioned relative to the presynaptic glutamate release site are therefore important aspects of synapse biology. In this review, we will discuss the currently known mechanisms underlying the trafficking and positioning of mGluRs at and around synapses, and how these mechanisms contribute to synaptic functioning. We will highlight outstanding questions and present an outlook on how recent technological developments will move this exciting research field forward.
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27
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Frontal cortex genetic ablation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 3 (mGlu 3) impairs postsynaptic plasticity and modulates affective behaviors. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2148-2157. [PMID: 34035469 PMCID: PMC8505649 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and translational studies suggest that prefrontal cortex (PFC) dysregulation is a hallmark feature of several affective disorders. Thus, investigating the mechanisms involved in the regulation of PFC function and synaptic plasticity could aid in developing new medications. In recent years, the mGlu2 and mGlu3 subtypes of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors have emerged as exciting potential targets for the treatment of affective disorders, as mGlu2/3 antagonists exert antidepressant-like effects across many rodent models. Several recent studies suggest that presynaptic mGlu2 receptors may contribute to these effects by regulating excitatory transmission at synapses from the thalamus to the PFC. Interestingly, we found that mGlu3 receptors also inhibit excitatory drive to the PFC but act by inducing long-term depression (LTD) at amygdala-PFC synapses. It remains unclear, however, whether blockade of presynaptic, postsynaptic, or glial mGlu3 receptors contribute to long-term effects on PFC circuit function and antidepressant-like effects of mGlu2/3 antagonists. To address these outstanding questions, we leveraged transgenic Grm3fl/fl mice and viral-mediated gene transfer to genetically ablate mGlu3 receptors from pyramidal cells in the frontal cortex of adult mice of all sexes. Consistent with a role for mGlu3 in PFC pyramidal cells, mGlu3-dependent amygdala-cortical LTD was eliminated following mGlu3 receptor knockdown. Furthermore, knockdown mice displayed a modest, task-specific anxiolytic phenotype and decreased passive coping behaviors. These studies reveal that postsynaptic mGlu3 receptors are critical for mGlu3-dependent LTD and provide convergent genetic evidence suggesting that modulating cortical mGlu3 receptors may provide a promising new approach for the treatment of mood disorders.
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28
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Dogra S, Stansley BJ, Xiang Z, Qian W, Gogliotti RG, Nicoletti F, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Joffe ME, Conn PJ. Activating mGlu 3 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Rescues Schizophrenia-like Cognitive Deficits Through Metaplastic Adaptations Within the Hippocampus. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:385-398. [PMID: 33965197 PMCID: PMC8403106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.02.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in GRM3, the gene encoding the mGlu3 metabotropic glutamate receptor, are associated with impaired cognition and neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Limited availability of selective genetic and molecular tools has hindered progress in developing a clear understanding of the mechanisms through which mGlu3 receptors regulate synaptic plasticity and cognition. METHODS We examined associative learning in mice with trace fear conditioning, a hippocampal-dependent learning task disrupted in patients with schizophrenia. Underlying cellular mechanisms were assessed using ex vivo hippocampal slice preparations with selective pharmacological tools and selective genetic deletion of mGlu3 receptor expression in specific neuronal subpopulations. RESULTS mGlu3 receptor activation enhanced trace fear conditioning and reversed deficits induced by subchronic phencyclidine. Mechanistic studies revealed that mGlu3 receptor activation induced metaplastic changes, biasing afferent stimulation to induce long-term potentiation through an mGlu5 receptor-dependent, endocannabinoid-mediated, disinhibitory mechanism. Selective genetic deletion of either mGlu3 or mGlu5 from hippocampal pyramidal cells eliminated effects of mGlu3 activation, revealing a novel mechanism by which mGlu3 and mGlu5 interact to enhance cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that activation of mGlu3 receptors in hippocampal pyramidal cells enhances hippocampal-dependent cognition in control and impaired mice by inducing a novel form of metaplasticity to regulate circuit function, providing a clear mechanism through which genetic variation in GRM3 can contribute to cognitive deficits. Developing approaches to positively modulate mGlu3 receptor function represents an encouraging new avenue for treating cognitive disruption in schizophrenia and other psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Dogra
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Branden J. Stansley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zixiu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Weilun Qian
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rocco G. Gogliotti
- Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience Department, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Max E. Joffe
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA,Correspondence to: Max E. Joffe, Ph.D., Research Instructor, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 12475E MRB4, Nashville, TN 37232-0697, Tel. (615) 322-6730, Fax. (615) 343-3088, , Twitter: @mejoffe; P. Jeffrey Conn, Ph.D., Lee E. Limbird Professor of Pharmacology, Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, 1205 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232-0697, Tel. (615) 936-2478, Fax. (615) 343-3088,
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Correspondence to: Max E. Joffe, Ph.D., Research Instructor, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 12475E MRB4, Nashville, TN 37232-0697, Tel. (615) 322-6730, Fax. (615) 343-3088, , Twitter: @mejoffe; P. Jeffrey Conn, Ph.D., Lee E. Limbird Professor of Pharmacology, Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, 1205 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232-0697, Tel. (615) 936-2478, Fax. (615) 343-3088,
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29
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Mazzitelli M, Neugebauer V. mGlu 3 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors-New Hope for Pharmacotherapy of Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:356-358. [PMID: 34446153 PMCID: PMC9359128 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariacristina Mazzitelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of
Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.
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30
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Guidolin D, Tortorella C, Marcoli M, Cervetto C, Maura G, Agnati LF. Receptor-Receptor Interactions and Glial Cell Functions with a Special Focus on G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8656. [PMID: 34445362 PMCID: PMC8395429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery that receptors from all families can establish allosteric receptor-receptor interactions and variably associate to form receptor complexes operating as integrative input units endowed with a high functional and structural plasticity has expanded our understanding of intercellular communication. Regarding the nervous system, most research in the field has focused on neuronal populations and has led to the identification of many receptor complexes representing an important mechanism to fine-tune synaptic efficiency. Receptor-receptor interactions, however, also modulate glia-neuron and glia-glia intercellular communication, with significant consequences on synaptic activity and brain network plasticity. The research on this topic is probably still at the beginning and, here, available evidence will be reviewed and discussed. It may also be of potential interest from a pharmacological standpoint, opening the possibility to explore, inter alia, glia-based neuroprotective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Luigi F. Agnati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
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31
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Zhou Y, Li T, Zhu S, Gong W, Qin X, Du G. Study on antidepressant mechanism of Radix Bupleuri-Radix Paeoniae Alba herb pair by metabonomics combined with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection technology. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1262-1273. [PMID: 33885788 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Radix Bupleuri-Radix Paeoniae Alba (BP), a traditional Chinese medicine herb pair, has treated depression by coordinating the liver in Chinese classical medicine books and modern research. This study aims to verify the antidepressant effect of BP by behavioural examination, and reveal the underlying antidepressant mechanisms of BP. METHODS The antidepressant effects in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) of BP were observed by behavioural indicators and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) metabonomics techniques combined with the related analysis platforms. KEY FINDINGS BP could significantly improve the depressive behaviour of CUMS rats. Compared with the model group, body weight (P < 0.05), the number of crossing (P < 0.001) and rearing (P < 0.01) and sucrose preference rate (P < 0.01) were significantly enhanced, and the immobility time was shortened in the forced swimming test (P < 0.001) of the BP group. In metabonomics study, 35 depression-related metabolites were identified by 1H NMR and UHPLC-MS/MS metabonomics by comparing model and control groups. BP could significantly retrieve 17 depression-related metabolites. Thirteen depression-related metabolic pathways were found through Met-PA and BP could regulate seven metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS BP herb pair had significantly antidepressant effect, which provides a basis for further finding drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Zhou
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- China Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Tian Li
- China Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Shiwei Zhu
- China Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Wenxia Gong
- China Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- China Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- China Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
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32
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Dual metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling enables coordination of astrocyte and neuron activity in developing sensory domains. Neuron 2021; 109:2545-2555.e7. [PMID: 34245686 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes play an essential role in the development of neural circuits by positioning transporters and receptors near synapses and secreting factors that promote synaptic maturation. However, the mechanisms that coordinate astrocyte and neural maturation remain poorly understood. Using in vivo imaging in unanesthetized neonatal mice, we show that bursts of neuronal activity passing through nascent sound processing networks reliably induce calcium transients in astrocytes. Astrocyte transients were dependent on intense neuronal activity and constrained to regions near active synapses, ensuring close spatial and temporal coordination of neuron and astrocyte activity. Astrocyte responses were restricted to the pre-hearing period and induced by synergistic activation of two metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR5 and mGluR3, which promoted IP3R2-dependent calcium release from intracellular stores. The widespread expression of these receptors by astrocytes during development and the prominence of neuronal burst firing in emerging neural networks may help coordinate the maturation of excitatory synapses.
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33
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Busceti CL, Ginerete RP, Di Menna L, D'Errico G, Cisani F, Di Pietro P, Imbriglio T, Bruno V, Battaglia G, Fornai F, Monn JA, Pittaluga A, Nicoletti F. Behavioural and biochemical responses to methamphetamine are differentially regulated by mGlu2 and mGlu3 metabotropic glutamate receptors in male mice. Neuropharmacology 2021; 196:108692. [PMID: 34217776 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu2 and mGlu3 receptors) shape mechanisms of methamphetamine addiction, but the individual role played by the two subtypes is unclear. We measured methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and motor responses to single or repeated injections of methamphetamine in wild-type, mGlu2-/-, and mGlu3-/-mice. Only mGlu3-/-mice showed methamphetamine preference in the CPP test. Motor response to the first methamphetamine injection was dramatically reduced in mGlu2-/-mice, unless these mice were treated with the mGlu5 receptor antagonist, MTEP. In contrast, methamphetamine-induced sensitization was increased in mGlu3-/-mice compared to wild-type mice. Only mGlu3-/-mice sensitized to methamphetamine showed increases in phospho-ERK1/2 levels in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and free radical formation in the NAc and medial prefrontal cortex. These changes were not detected in mGlu2-/-mice. We also measured a series of biochemical parameters related to the mechanism of action of methamphetamine in naïve mice to disclose the nature of the differential behavioural responses of the three genotypes. We found a reduced expression and activity of dopamine transporter (DAT) and vesicular monoamine transporter-2 in the NAc and striatum of mGlu2-/-and mGlu3-/-mice, whereas expression of the DAT adaptor, syntaxin 1A, was selectively increased in the striatum of mGlu3-/-mice. Methamphetamine-stimulated dopamine release in striatal slices was largely reduced in mGlu2-/-, but not in mGlu3-/-, mice. These findings suggest that drugs that selectively enhance mGlu3 receptor activity or negatively modulate mGlu2 receptors might be beneficial in the treatment of methamphetamine addiction and associated brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Valeria Bruno
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
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34
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Targeting metabotropic glutamate receptors for the treatment of depression and other stress-related disorders. Neuropharmacology 2021; 196:108687. [PMID: 34175327 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of robust antidepressant effects of ketamine in refractory patients has led to increasing focus on agents targeting glutamatergic signaling as potential novel antidepressant strategy. Among the agents targeting the glutamatergic system, compounds acting at metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are among the most promising agents under studies for depressive disorders. Further, the receptor diversity, distinct distribution in the CNS, and ability to modulate the glutamatergic neurotransmission in the brain areas implicated in mood disorders make them an exciting target for stress-related disorders. In preclinical models, antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of mGlu5 negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) have been reported. Interestingly, mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists show fast and sustained antidepressant-like effects similar to that of ketamine in rodents. Excitingly, they can also induce antidepressant effects in the animal models of treatment-resistant depression and are devoid of the side-effects associated with ketamine. Unfortunately, clinical trials of both mGlu5 and mGlu2/3 receptor NAMs have been inconclusive, and additional trials using other compounds with suitable preclinical and clinical properties are needed. Although group III mGlu receptors have gained less attention, mGlu7 receptor ligands have been shown to induce antidepressant-like effects in rodents. Collectively, compounds targeting mGlu receptors provide an alternative approach to fill the outstanding clinical need for safer and more efficacious antidepressants. This article is part of the special Issue on "Glutamate Receptors - mGluRs".
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35
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Mastroiacovo F, Zinni M, Mascio G, Bruno V, Battaglia G, Pansiot J, Imbriglio T, Mairesse J, Baud O, Nicoletti F. Genetic Deletion of mGlu3 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Amplifies Ischemic Brain Damage and Associated Neuroinflammation in Mice. Front Neurol 2021; 12:668877. [PMID: 34220677 PMCID: PMC8248796 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.668877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud: Type-3 metabotropic glutamate (mGlu3) receptors are found in both neurons and glial cells and regulate synaptic transmission, astrocyte function, and microglial reactivity. Here we show that the genetic deletion of mGlu3 receptors amplifies ischemic brain damage and associated neuroinflammation in adult mice. An increased infarct size was observed in mGlu3-/- mice of both CD1 and C57Black strains 24 h following a permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) as compared to their respective wild-type (mGlu3+/+ mice) counterparts. Increases in the expression of selected pro-inflammatory genes including those encoding interleukin-1β, type-2 cycloxygenase, tumor necrosis factor-α, CD86, and interleukin-6 were more prominent in the peri-infarct region of mGlu3-/- mice. In contrast, the expression of two genes associated with the anti-inflammatory phenotype of microglia (those encoding the mannose-1-phosphate receptor and the α-subunit of interleukin-4 receptor) and the gene encoding the neuroprotective factor, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, was enhanced in the peri-infarct region of wild-type mice, but not mGlu3-/- mice, following MCA occlusion. In C57Black mice, the genetic deletion of mGlu3 receptors worsened the defect in the paw placement test as assessed in the contralateral forepaw at short times (4 h) following MCA occlusion. These findings suggest that mGlu3 receptors are protective against ischemic brain damage and support the way to the use of selective mGlu3 receptor agonists or positive allosteric modulators in experimental animal models of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Zinni
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Giada Mascio
- Department of Molecular Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Valeria Bruno
- Department of Molecular Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Department of Molecular Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Julien Pansiot
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tiziana Imbriglio
- Department of Molecular Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Jerome Mairesse
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Child Growth and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baud
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Child Growth and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Molecular Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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36
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Defining the Homo- and Heterodimerization Propensities of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107605. [PMID: 32375054 PMCID: PMC7271767 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The eight metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) serve critical modulatory roles throughout the nervous system. The molecular diversity of mGluRs is thought to be further expanded by the formation of heterodimers, but the co-expression of mGluR subtypes at the cellular level and the relative propensities of heterodimer formation are not well known. Here, we analyze single-cell RNA sequencing data and find that cortical pyramidal cells express multiple mGluR subtypes with distinct profiles for different receptor combinations. We then develop quantitative, fluorescence-based assays to define the relative homo- and heterodimer propensities across group-I, -II, and -III mGluRs. We find a strong preference for heterodimerization in a number of cases, including mGluR2 with mGluR3, which we confirm in frontal cortex using in situ RNA hybridization and co-immunoprecipitation. Together, our findings support the biological relevance of mGluR heterodimerization and highlight the complex landscape of mGluR populations in the brain.
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37
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Olivero G, Vergassola M, Cisani F, Roggeri A, Pittaluga A. Presynaptic Release-regulating Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors: An Update. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 18:655-672. [PMID: 31775600 PMCID: PMC7457419 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666191127112339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors represent the largest family of glutamate receptors in mammals and act as fine tuners of the chemical transmission in central nervous system (CNS). In the last decade, results concerning the expression and the subcellular localization of mGlu receptors further clarified their role in physio-pathological conditions. Concomitantly, their pharmacological characterization largely improved thanks to the identification of new compounds (chemical ligands and antibodies recognizing epitopic sequences of the receptor proteins) that allowed to decipher the protein compositions of the naive receptors. mGlu receptors are expressed at the presynaptic site of chemical synapses. Here, they modulate intraterminal enzymatic pathways controlling the migration and the fusion of vesicles to synaptic membranes as well as the phosphorylation of colocalized receptors. Both the control of transmitter exocytosis and the phosphorylation of colocalized receptors elicited by mGlu receptors are relevant events that dictate the plasticity of nerve terminals, and account for the main role of presynaptic mGlu receptors as modulators of neuronal signalling. The role of the presynaptic mGlu receptors in the CNS has been the matter of several studies and this review aims at briefly summarizing the recent observations obtained with isolated nerve endings (we refer to as synaptosomes). We focus on the pharmacological characterization of these receptors and on their receptor-receptor interaction / oligo-dimerization in nerve endings that could be relevant to the development of new therapeutic approaches for the cure of central pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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38
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Kryszkowski W, Boczek T. The G Protein-Coupled Glutamate Receptors as Novel Molecular Targets in Schizophrenia Treatment-A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071475. [PMID: 33918323 PMCID: PMC8038150 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric disease with an unknown etiology. The research into the neurobiology of this disease led to several models aimed at explaining the link between perturbations in brain function and the manifestation of psychotic symptoms. The glutamatergic hypothesis postulates that disrupted glutamate neurotransmission may mediate cognitive and psychosocial impairments by affecting the connections between the cortex and the thalamus. In this regard, the greatest attention has been given to ionotropic NMDA receptor hypofunction. However, converging data indicates metabotropic glutamate receptors as crucial for cognitive and psychomotor function. The distribution of these receptors in the brain regions related to schizophrenia and their regulatory role in glutamate release make them promising molecular targets for novel antipsychotics. This article reviews the progress in the research on the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in schizophrenia etiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Kryszkowski
- General Psychiatric Ward, Babinski Memorial Hospital in Lodz, 91229 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Boczek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92215 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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39
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Qunies AM, Emmitte KA. Negative allosteric modulators of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors: A patent review (2015 - present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:687-708. [PMID: 33719801 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1903431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Group II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors have emerged as an attractive potential target for the development of novel CNS therapeutics in areas such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), anxiety, cognitive disorders, depression, and others. Several small molecules that act as negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) on these receptors have demonstrated efficacy and/or target engagement in animal models, and one molecule (decoglurant) has been advanced into clinical trials. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes patent applications published between January 2015 and November 2020. It is divided into three sections: (1) small molecule nonselective mGlu2/3 NAMs, (2) small molecule selective mGlu2 NAMs, and (3) small molecule selective mGlu3 NAMs. EXPERT OPINION Much progress has been made in the discovery of novel small molecule mGlu2 NAMs. Still, chemical diversity remains somewhat limited and room for expansion remains. Progress with mGlu3 NAMs has been more limited; however, some promising molecules have been disclosed. The process of elucidating the precise role of each receptor in the diseases associated with group II receptors has begun. Continued studies in animals with selective NAMs for both receptors will be critical in the coming years to inform researchers on the right compound profile and patient population for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaima'a M Qunies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Kyle A Emmitte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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40
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Alcoreza OB, Patel DC, Tewari BP, Sontheimer H. Dysregulation of Ambient Glutamate and Glutamate Receptors in Epilepsy: An Astrocytic Perspective. Front Neurol 2021; 12:652159. [PMID: 33828523 PMCID: PMC8019783 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.652159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the important functions that glutamate serves in excitatory neurotransmission, understanding the regulation of glutamate in physiological and pathological states is critical to devising novel therapies to treat epilepsy. Exclusive expression of pyruvate carboxylase and glutamine synthetase in astrocytes positions astrocytes as essential regulators of glutamate in the central nervous system (CNS). Additionally, astrocytes can significantly alter the volume of the extracellular space (ECS) in the CNS due to their expression of the bi-directional water channel, aquaporin-4, which are enriched at perivascular endfeet. Rapid ECS shrinkage has been observed following epileptiform activity and can inherently concentrate ions and neurotransmitters including glutamate. This review highlights our emerging knowledge on the various potential contributions of astrocytes to epilepsy, particularly supporting the notion that astrocytes may be involved in seizure initiation via failure of homeostatic responses that lead to increased ambient glutamate. We also review the mechanisms whereby ambient glutamate can influence neuronal excitability, including via generation of the glutamate receptor subunit GluN2B-mediated slow inward currents, as well as indirectly affect neuronal excitability via actions on metabotropic glutamate receptors that can potentiate GluN2B currents and influence neuronal glutamate release probabilities. Additionally, we discuss evidence for upregulation of System x c - , a cystine/glutamate antiporter expressed on astrocytes, in epileptic tissue and changes in expression patterns of glutamate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar B Alcoreza
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease, and Cancer Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States.,School of Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States.,Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Dipan C Patel
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease, and Cancer Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Bhanu P Tewari
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease, and Cancer Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Harald Sontheimer
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease, and Cancer Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States
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41
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Mascio G, Bucci D, Notartomaso S, Liberatore F, Antenucci N, Scarselli P, Imbriglio T, Caruso S, Gradini R, Cannella M, Di Menna L, Bruno V, Battaglia G, Nicoletti F. Perineuronal nets are under the control of type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the developing somatosensory cortex. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:109. [PMID: 33597513 PMCID: PMC7889908 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors are highly functional in the early postnatal life, and regulate developmental plasticity of parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons in the cerebral cortex. PV+ cells are enwrapped by perineuronal nets (PNNs) at the closure of critical windows of cortical plasticity. Changes in PNNs have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. We found that the number of Wisteria Fluoribunda Agglutinin (WFA)+ PNNs and the density of WFA+/PV+ cells were largely increased in the somatosensory cortex of mGlu5-/- mice at PND16. An increased WFA+ PNN density was also observed after pharmacological blockade of mGlu5 receptors in the first two postnatal weeks. The number of WFA+ PNNs in mGlu5-/- mice was close to a plateau at PND16, whereas continued to increase in wild-type mice, and there was no difference between the two genotypes at PND21 and PND60. mGlu5-/- mice at PND16 showed increases in the transcripts of genes involved in PNN formation and a reduced expression and activity of type-9 matrix metalloproteinase in the somatosensory cortex suggesting that mGlu5 receptors control both PNN formation and degradation. Finally, unilateral whisker stimulation from PND9 to PND16 enhanced WFA+ PNN density in the contralateral somatosensory cortex only in mGlu5+/+ mice, whereas whisker trimming from PND9 to PND16 reduced WFA+ PNN density exclusively in mGlu5-/- mice, suggesting that mGlu5 receptors shape the PNN response to sensory experience. These findings disclose a novel undescribed mechanism of PNN regulation, and lay the groundwork for the study of mGlu5 receptors and PNNs in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Mascio
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Domenico Bucci
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | | | - Nico Antenucci
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Caruso
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Gradini
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Milena Cannella
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Luisa Di Menna
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Valeria Bruno
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy ,grid.7841.aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy ,grid.7841.aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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42
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Joffe ME, Winder DG, Conn PJ. Increased Synaptic Strength and mGlu 2/3 Receptor Plasticity on Mouse Prefrontal Cortex Intratelencephalic Pyramidal Cells Following Intermittent Access to Ethanol. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:518-529. [PMID: 33434325 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) is crucial for regulating craving and alcohol seeking in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients and alcohol seeking in animal models. Maladaptive changes in volitional ethanol (EtOH) intake have been associated with PFC function, yet synaptic adaptations within PFC have not been consistently detected in voluntary drinking rodent models. At least 80% of the neurons in PFC are glutamatergic pyramidal cells. Pyramidal cells provide the predominant cortical output to several brain regions relevant to AUD, including structures within the telencephalon (IT: e.g., basal ganglia, amygdala, other neocortical regions) and outside the telencephalon (ET: e.g., lateral hypothalamus, midbrain monoaminergic structures, thalamus). METHODS In addition to their anatomical distinctions, studies from several laboratories have revealed that prefrontal cortical IT and ET pyramidal cells may be differentiated by specific electrophysiological parameters. These distinguishable parameters make it possible to readily classify pyramidal cells into separable subtypes. Here, we employed and validated the hyperpolarization sag ratio as a diagnostic proxy for separating ET (type A) and IT (type B) neurons. We recorded from deep-layer prelimbic PFC pyramidal cells of mice 1 day after 4 to 5 weeks of intermittent access (IA) EtOH exposure. RESULTS Membrane properties were not altered by IA EtOH, but excitatory postsynaptic strength onto IT type B neurons was selectively enhanced in slices from IA EtOH mice. The increased excitatory drive was accompanied by enhanced mGlu2/3 receptor plasticity on IT type B neurons, providing a potential translational approach to mitigate cognitive and motivational changes to PFC function related to binge drinking. CONCLUSIONS Together, these studies provide insight into the specific PFC neurocircuits altered by voluntary drinking. In addition, the findings provide an additional rationale for developing compounds that potentiate mGlu2 and/or mGlu3 receptor function as potential treatments for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max E Joffe
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Danny G Winder
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, USA
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Crombie GK, Palliser HK, Shaw JC, Hodgson DM, Walker DW, Hirst JJ. Effects of prenatal stress on behavioural and neurodevelopmental outcomes are altered by maternal separation in the neonatal period. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 124:105060. [PMID: 33333379 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.105060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic psychosocial stress during pregnancy and/or after birth, and the associated elevation in cortisol, is linked with the onset of behavioural disorders in childhood. Previously, prenatal stress has been shown to reduce neurosteroid pathways in the fetus and the levels of the neurosteroid and GABAA receptor agonist, allopregnanolone. In late gestation, elevated levels of GABAergic activity increases inhibitory tone and protects against excessive excitation. These levels of allopregnanolone may also contribute to promoting myelination, thus stress-induced suppression of protective neurosteroid levels may disrupt neurodevelopmental processes and can result in reduced myelination. The objective of this study was to examine whether prenatal and postnatal stress reduces levels of inhibitory pathways to result in behavioural, myelin, and GABAergic/glutamatergic pathway deficits in the hippocampus at a postnatal time point in the guinea pig equivalent to childhood in humans. METHODS Pregnant guinea pig dams were exposed to prenatal stress (PRE) with strobe light exposure for 2 h/day on gestational age (GA) 50, 55, 60 and 65 (term is ∼GA70), with postnatal stress (POST) caused by maternal separation for 2 h/day from postnatal day (PND) 1-7), or a double-hit of both stressors (PRE + POST). Control dams and offspring groups (CON) were handled at the same time each day without causing stress. Behavioural outcomes were assessed using open field and elevated plus maze testing on PND27. After euthanasia on PND30, plasma samples were collected for steroid quantification of cortisol, allopregnanolone and progesterone by ELISA. Hippocampal samples were collected to assess markers of oligodendrocyte development and mature cells by myelin basic protein (MBP) immunostaining and GABAergic and glutamatergic pathway component gene expression by real time PCR. RESULTS Male guinea pig offspring exposed to prenatal stress exhibited hyperactive-like behaviour at childhood equivalence, while female offspring displayed anxious-like behaviour, to a lesser extent. In both sexes, MBP immunostaining was significantly decreased in the hippocampal region following prenatal stress, despite normal levels of MBP mRNA, which suggests a disruption to the MBP protein translation pathway. Many components of the GABAergic and glutamatergic pathways were disrupted following prenatal stress, notably GABAA receptor subunits, GABA production and uptake, glutamate ionotropic and metabotropic receptor subunits and glutamate transport. Following prenatal + postnatal stress, many of the behavioural and neurodevelopmental deficits were improved compared to the prenatal stress only group. CONCLUSION We conclude that prenatal stress disrupts GABAergic and glutamatergic pathways that may contribute to reduced myelination and subsequent behavioural deficits in the offspring. The deficits seen following prenatal stress are ameliorated when paired with subsequent postnatal stress, which highlights the early postnatal period as an important treatment window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle K Crombie
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Hannah K Palliser
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia C Shaw
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | | | - David W Walker
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan J Hirst
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Zinni M, Mairesse J, Pansiot J, Fazio F, Iacovelli L, Antenucci N, Orlando R, Nicoletti F, Vaiman D, Baud O. mGlu3 receptor regulates microglial cell reactivity in neonatal rats. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:13. [PMID: 33407565 PMCID: PMC7789385 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal inflammation is a key factor of brain vulnerability in neonates born preterm or with intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), two leading conditions associated with brain injury and responsible for neurocognitive and behavioral disorders. Systemic inflammation is recognized to activate microglia, known to be the critical modulators of brain vulnerability. Although some evidence supports a role for metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGlu3 receptor) in modulation of neuroinflammation, its functions are still unknown in the developing microglia. METHODS We used a double-hit rat model of perinatal brain injury induced by a gestational low-protein diet combined with interleukin-1β injections (LPD/IL-1β), mimicking both IUGR and prematurity-related inflammation. The effect of LPD/IL-1β on mGlu3 receptor expression and the effect of mGlu3 receptor modulation on microglial reactivity were investigated using a combination of pharmacological, histological, and molecular and genetic approaches. RESULTS Exposure to LPD/IL-1β significantly downregulated Grm3 gene expression in the developing microglia. Both transcriptomic analyses and pharmacological modulation of mGlu3 receptor demonstrated its central role in the control of inflammation in resting and activated microglia. Microglia reactivity to inflammatory challenge induced by LPD/IL-1β exposure was reduced by an mGlu3 receptor agonist. Conversely, both specific pharmacological blockade, siRNA knock-down, and genetic knock-out of mGlu3 receptors mimicked the pro-inflammatory phenotype observed in microglial cells exposed to LPD/IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these data show that Grm3 plays a central role in the regulation of microglial reactivity in the immature brain. Selective pharmacological activation of mGlu3 receptors may prevent inflammatory-induced perinatal brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Zinni
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Mairesse
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Child Growth and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Pansiot
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Luisa Iacovelli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nico Antenucci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Orlando
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, UMR8104 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Baud
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. .,Laboratory of Child Growth and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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45
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Gregory KJ, Goudet C. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXI. Pharmacology, Signaling, and Physiology of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 73:521-569. [PMID: 33361406 DOI: 10.1124/pr.119.019133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors respond to glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, mediating a modulatory role that is critical for higher-order brain functions such as learning and memory. Since the first mGlu receptor was cloned in 1992, eight subtypes have been identified along with many isoforms and splice variants. The mGlu receptors are transmembrane-spanning proteins belonging to the class C G protein-coupled receptor family and represent attractive targets for a multitude of central nervous system disorders. Concerted drug discovery efforts over the past three decades have yielded a wealth of pharmacological tools including subtype-selective agents that competitively block or mimic the actions of glutamate or act allosterically via distinct sites to enhance or inhibit receptor activity. Herein, we review the physiologic and pathophysiological roles for individual mGlu receptor subtypes including the pleiotropic nature of intracellular signal transduction arising from each. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties of prototypical and commercially available orthosteric agonists and antagonists as well as allosteric modulators, including ligands that have entered clinical trials. Finally, we highlight emerging areas of research that hold promise to facilitate rational design of highly selective mGlu receptor-targeting therapeutics in the future. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The metabotropic glutamate receptors are attractive therapeutic targets for a range of psychiatric and neurological disorders. Over the past three decades, intense discovery efforts have yielded diverse pharmacological tools acting either competitively or allosterically, which have enabled dissection of fundamental biological process modulated by metabotropic glutamate receptors and established proof of concept for many therapeutic indications. We review metabotropic glutamate receptor molecular pharmacology and highlight emerging areas that are offering new avenues to selectively modulate neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Gregory
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (K.J.G.) and Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France (C.G.)
| | - Cyril Goudet
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (K.J.G.) and Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France (C.G.)
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Sebastianutto I, Goyet E, Andreoli L, Font-Ingles J, Moreno-Delgado D, Bouquier N, Jahannault-Talignani C, Moutin E, Di Menna L, Maslava N, Pin JP, Fagni L, Nicoletti F, Ango F, Cenci MA, Perroy J. D1-mGlu5 heteromers mediate noncanonical dopamine signaling in Parkinson's disease. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1168-1184. [PMID: 32039920 DOI: 10.1172/jci126361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine receptor D1 modulates glutamatergic transmission in cortico-basal ganglia circuits and represents a major target of L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease. Here we show that D1 and metabotropic glutamate type 5 (mGlu5) receptors can form previously unknown heteromeric entities with distinctive functional properties. Interacting with Gq proteins, cell-surface D1-mGlu5 heteromers exacerbated PLC signaling and intracellular calcium release in response to either glutamate or dopamine. In rodent models of Parkinson's disease, D1-mGlu5 nanocomplexes were strongly upregulated in the dopamine-denervated striatum, resulting in a synergistic activation of PLC signaling by D1 and mGlu5 receptor agonists. In turn, D1-mGlu5-dependent PLC signaling was causally linked with excessive activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases in striatal neurons, leading to dyskinesia in animals treated with L-DOPA or D1 receptor agonists. The discovery of D1-mGlu5 functional heteromers mediating maladaptive molecular and motor responses in the dopamine-denervated striatum may prompt the development of new therapeutic principles for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sebastianutto
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elise Goyet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Andreoli
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joan Font-Ingles
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - David Moreno-Delgado
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neuroscience Research, UCB Pharma, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Bouquier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Enora Moutin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Luisa Di Menna
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Natallia Maslava
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Fagni
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrice Ango
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Julie Perroy
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Kim JH, Marton J, Ametamey SM, Cumming P. A Review of Molecular Imaging of Glutamate Receptors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204749. [PMID: 33081223 PMCID: PMC7587586 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a well-established and important in vivo technique to evaluate fundamental biological processes and unravel the role of neurotransmitter receptors in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Specific ligands are available for PET/SPECT studies of dopamine, serotonin, and opiate receptors, but corresponding development of radiotracers for receptors of glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in mammalian brain, has lagged behind. This state of affairs has persisted despite the central importance of glutamate neurotransmission in brain physiology and in disorders such as stroke, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent years have seen extensive efforts to develop useful ligands for molecular imaging of subtypes of the ionotropic (N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), kainate, and AMPA/quisqualate receptors) and metabotropic glutamate receptors (types I, II, and III mGluRs). We now review the state of development of radioligands for glutamate receptor imaging, placing main emphasis on the suitability of available ligands for reliable in vivo applications. We give a brief account of the radiosynthetic approach for selected molecules. In general, with the exception of ligands for the GluN2B subunit of NMDA receptors, there has been little success in developing radiotracers for imaging ionotropic glutamate receptors; failure of ligands for the PCP/MK801 binding site in vivo doubtless relates their dependence on the open, unblocked state of the ion channel. Many AMPA and kainite receptor ligands with good binding properties in vitro have failed to give measurable specific binding in the living brain. This may reflect the challenge of developing brain-penetrating ligands for amino acid receptors, compounded by conformational differences in vivo. The situation is better with respect to mGluR imaging, particularly for the mGluR5 subtype. Several successful PET ligands serve for investigations of mGluRs in conditions such as schizophrenia, depression, substance abuse and aging. Considering the centrality and diversity of glutamatergic signaling in brain function, we have relatively few selective and sensitive tools for molecular imaging of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Further radiopharmaceutical research targeting specific subtypes and subunits of the glutamate receptors may yet open up new investigational vistas with broad applications in basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hoon Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (P.C.); Tel.: +41-31-664-0498 (P.C.); Fax: +41-31-632-7663 (P.C.)
| | - János Marton
- ABX Advanced Biochemical Compounds, Biomedizinische Forschungsreagenzien GmbH, Heinrich-Glaeser-Strasse 10-14, D-1454 Radeberg, Germany;
| | - Simon Mensah Ametamey
- Centre for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Paul Cumming
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 18, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (P.C.); Tel.: +41-31-664-0498 (P.C.); Fax: +41-31-632-7663 (P.C.)
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Tyler RE, Weinberg BZS, Lovelock DF, Ornelas LC, Besheer J. Exposure to the predator odor TMT induces early and late differential gene expression related to stress and excitatory synaptic function throughout the brain in male rats. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 19:e12684. [PMID: 32666635 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Persistent changes in brain stress and glutamatergic function are associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Rodent exposure to the predator odor trimethylthiazoline (TMT) is an innate stressor that produces lasting behavioral consequences relevant to PTSD. As such, the goal of the present study was to assess early (6 hours and 2 days-Experiment 1) and late (4 weeks-Experiment 2) changes to gene expression (RT-PCR) related to stress and excitatory function following TMT exposure in male, Long-Evans rats. During TMT exposure, rats engaged in stress reactive behaviors, including digging and immobility. Further, the TMT group displayed enhanced exploration and mobility in the TMT-paired context 1 week after exposure, suggesting a lasting contextual reactivity. Gene expression analyses revealed upregulated FKBP5 6 hours post-TMT in the hypothalamus and dorsal hippocampus. Two days after TMT, GRM3 was downregulated in the prelimbic cortex and dorsal hippocampus, but upregulated in the nucleus accumbens. This may reflect an early stress response (FKBP5) that resulted in later glutamatergic adaptation (GRM3). Finally, another experiment 4 weeks after TMT exposure showed several differentially expressed genes known to mediate excitatory tripartite synaptic function in the prelimbic cortex (GRM5, DLG4 and SLC1A3 upregulated), infralimbic cortex (GRM2 downregulated, Homer1 upregulated), nucleus accumbens (GRM7 and SLC1A3 downregulated), dorsal hippocampus (FKBP5 and NR3C2 upregulated, SHANK3 downregulated) and ventral hippocampus (CNR1, GRM7, GRM5, SHANK3 and Homer1 downregulated). These data show that TMT exposure induces stress and excitatory molecular adaptations, which could help us understand the persistent glutamatergic dysfunction observed in PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Tyler
- Neuroscience Curriculum, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Benjamin Z S Weinberg
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dennis F Lovelock
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura C Ornelas
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joyce Besheer
- Neuroscience Curriculum, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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49
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Cisani F, Roggeri A, Olivero G, Garrone B, Tongiani S, Di Giorgio FP, Pittaluga A. Acute Low Dose of Trazodone Recovers Glutamate Release Efficiency and mGlu2/3 Autoreceptor Impairments in the Spinal Cord of Rats Suffering From Chronic Sciatic Ligation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1108. [PMID: 32765286 PMCID: PMC7379891 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether chronic sciatic ligation modifies the glutamate release in spinal cord nerve endings (synaptosomes) as well as the expression and the function of presynaptic release-regulating mGlu2/3 autoreceptors and 5-HT2A heteroreceptors in these particles. Synaptosomes were from the spinal cord of animals suffering from the sciatic ligation that developed on day 6 post-surgery a significant decrease of the force inducing paw-withdrawal in the lesioned paw. The exocytosis of glutamate (quantified as release of preloaded [3H]D-aspartate, [3H]D-Asp) elicited by a mild depolarizing stimulus (15 mM KCl) was significantly increased in synaptosomes from injured rats when compared to controls (uninjured rats). The mGlu2/3 agonist LY379268 (1000 pM) significantly inhibited the 15 mM KCl-evoked [3H]D-Asp overflow from control synaptosomes, but not in terminals isolated from injured animals. Differently, a low concentration (10 nM) of (±) DOI, unable to modify the 15 mM KCl-evoked [3H]D-Asp overflow in control spinal cord synaptosomes, significantly reduced the glutamate exocytosis in nerve endings isolated from the injured rats. Acute oral trazodone (TZD, 0.3 mg/kg on day 7 post-surgery) efficiently recovered glutamate exocytosis as well as the efficiency of LY379268 in inhibiting this event in spinal cord synaptosomes from injured animals. The sciatic ligation significantly reduced the expression of mGlu2/3, but not of 5-HT2A, receptor proteins in spinal cord synaptosomal lysates. Acute TZD recovered this parameter. Our results support the use of 5-HT2A antagonists for restoring altered spinal cord glutamate plasticity in rats suffering from sciatic ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cisani
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Roggeri
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Guendalina Olivero
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Garrone
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini Pharma S.p.A., Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Tongiani
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini Pharma S.p.A., Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
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50
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Joffe ME, Winder DG, Conn PJ. Contrasting sex-dependent adaptations to synaptic physiology and membrane properties of prefrontal cortex interneuron subtypes in a mouse model of binge drinking. Neuropharmacology 2020; 178:108126. [PMID: 32781000 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects all sexes, however women who develop AUD may be particularly susceptible to cravings and other components of the disease. While many brain regions are involved in AUD etiology, proper prefrontal cortex (PFC) function is particularly important for top-down craving management and the moderation of drinking behaviors. Essential regulation of PFC output is provided by local inhibitory interneurons, yet how drinking affects interneuron physiology remains poorly understood, particularly in female individuals. To address this gap, we generated fluorescent reporter transgenic mice to label the two major classes of interneuron in deep layer prelimbic PFC, based on expression of parvalbumin (PV-IN) or somatostatin (SST-IN). We then interrogated PV-IN and SST-IN membrane and synaptic physiology in a rodent model of binge drinking. Beginning in late adolescence, mice received 3-4 weeks of intermittent access (IA) ethanol. We prepared acute brain slices one day after the last drinking session. PV-INs but not SST-INs from IA ethanol mice displayed increased excitability relative to controls, regardless of sex. On the contrary, synaptic adaptations to PV-INs differed based on sex. While drinking decreased excitatory synaptic strength onto PV-INs from female mice, PV-INs from IA ethanol male mice exhibited potentiated excitatory transmission relative to controls. In contrast, decreased synaptic strength onto SST-INs was observed following IA ethanol in all groups of mice. Together, these findings illustrate novel sex differences in drinking-related PFC pathophysiology. Discovering means to restore PV-IN and SST-IN dysfunction following extended drinking provides opportunities for developing new treatments for all AUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max E Joffe
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Danny G Winder
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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