1
|
Xu C, Hou G, He T, Ruan Z, Guo X, Chen J, Wei Z, Seger CA, Chen Q, Peng Z. Local structural and functional MRI markers of compulsive behaviors and obsessive-compulsive disorder diagnosis within striatum-based circuits. Psychol Med 2024; 54:710-720. [PMID: 37642202 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a classic disorder on the compulsivity spectrum, with diverse comorbidities. In the current study, we sought to understand OCD from a dimensional perspective by identifying multimodal neuroimaging patterns correlated with multiple phenotypic characteristics within the striatum-based circuits known to be affected by OCD. METHODS Neuroimaging measurements of local functional and structural features and clinical information were collected from 110 subjects, including 51 patients with OCD and 59 healthy control subjects. Linked independent component analysis (LICA) and correlation analysis were applied to identify associations between local neuroimaging patterns across modalities (including gray matter volume, white matter integrity, and spontaneous functional activity) and clinical factors. RESULTS LICA identified eight multimodal neuroimaging patterns related to phenotypic variations, including three related to symptoms and diagnosis. One imaging pattern (IC9) that included both the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation measure of spontaneous functional activity and white matter integrity measures correlated negatively with OCD diagnosis and diagnostic scales. Two imaging patterns (IC10 and IC27) correlated with compulsion symptoms: IC10 included primarily anatomical measures and IC27 included primarily functional measures. In addition, we identified imaging patterns associated with age, gender, and emotional expression across subjects. CONCLUSIONS We established that data fusion techniques can identify local multimodal neuroimaging patterns associated with OCD phenotypes. The results inform our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of compulsive behaviors and OCD diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyong Xu
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Institute of Maternity and Child Medical Research, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gangqiang Hou
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingxin He
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinrong Guo
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Institute of Maternity and Child Medical Research, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jierong Chen
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Institute of Maternity and Child Medical Research, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Institute of Maternity and Child Medical Research, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Carol A Seger
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziwen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mei T, Forde NJ, Floris DL, Dell'Acqua F, Stones R, Ilioska I, Durston S, Moessnang C, Banaschewski T, Holt RJ, Baron-Cohen S, Rausch A, Loth E, Oakley B, Charman T, Ecker C, Murphy DGM, Beckmann CF, Llera A, Buitelaar JK. Autism Is Associated With Interindividual Variations of Gray and White Matter Morphology. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:1084-1093. [PMID: 36075529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many studies have explored atypicalities in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) morphology of autism, most of them relied on unimodal analyses that did not benefit from the likelihood that different imaging modalities may reflect common neurobiology. We aimed to establish brain patterns of modalities that differentiate between individuals with and without autism and explore associations between these brain patterns and clinical measures in the autism group. METHODS We studied 183 individuals with autism and 157 nonautistic individuals (age range, 6-30 years) in a large, deeply phenotyped autism dataset (EU-AIMS LEAP [European Autism Interventions-A Multicentre Study for Developing New Medications Longitudinal European Autism Project]). Linked independent component analysis was used to link all participants' GM volume and WM diffusion tensor images, and group comparisons of modality shared variances were examined. Subsequently, we performed univariate and multivariate brain-behavior correlation analyses to separately explore the relationships between brain patterns and clinical profiles. RESULTS One multimodal pattern was significantly related to autism. This pattern was primarily associated with GM volume in bilateral insula and frontal, precentral and postcentral, cingulate, and caudate areas and co-occurred with altered WM features in the superior longitudinal fasciculus. The brain-behavior correlation analyses showed a significant multivariate association primarily between brain patterns that involved variation of WM and symptoms of restricted and repetitive behavior in the autism group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the assets of integrated analyses of GM and WM alterations to study the brain mechanisms that underpin autism and show that the complex clinical autism phenotype can be interpreted by brain covariation patterns that are spread across the brain involving both cortical and subcortical areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Mei
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Natalie J Forde
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorothea L Floris
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Dell'Acqua
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Stones
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Iva Ilioska
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Durston
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Carolin Moessnang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Applied Psychology, SRH University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rosemary J Holt
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Annika Rausch
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Loth
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany Oakley
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Charman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Declan G M Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Llera
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parlatini V, Itahashi T, Lee Y, Liu S, Nguyen TT, Aoki YY, Forkel SJ, Catani M, Rubia K, Zhou JH, Murphy DG, Cortese S. White matter alterations in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a systematic review of 129 diffusion imaging studies with meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4098-4123. [PMID: 37479785 PMCID: PMC10827669 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant anatomical brain connections in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported inconsistently across diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) studies. Based on a pre-registered protocol (Prospero: CRD42021259192), we searched PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Knowledge until 26/03/2022 to conduct a systematic review of DWI studies. We performed a quality assessment based on imaging acquisition, preprocessing, and analysis. Using signed differential mapping, we meta-analyzed a subset of the retrieved studies amenable to quantitative evidence synthesis, i.e., tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) studies, in individuals of any age and, separately, in children, adults, and high-quality datasets. Finally, we conducted meta-regressions to test the effect of age, sex, and medication-naïvety. We included 129 studies (6739 ADHD participants and 6476 controls), of which 25 TBSS studies provided peak coordinates for case-control differences in fractional anisotropy (FA)(32 datasets) and 18 in mean diffusivity (MD)(23 datasets). The systematic review highlighted white matter alterations (especially reduced FA) in projection, commissural and association pathways of individuals with ADHD, which were associated with symptom severity and cognitive deficits. The meta-analysis showed a consistent reduced FA in the splenium and body of the corpus callosum, extending to the cingulum. Lower FA was related to older age, and case-control differences did not survive in the pediatric meta-analysis. About 68% of studies were of low quality, mainly due to acquisitions with non-isotropic voxels or lack of motion correction; and the sensitivity analysis in high-quality datasets yielded no significant results. Findings suggest prominent alterations in posterior interhemispheric connections subserving cognitive and motor functions affected in ADHD, although these might be influenced by non-optimal acquisition parameters/preprocessing. Absence of findings in children may be related to the late development of callosal fibers, which may enhance case-control differences in adulthood. Clinicodemographic and methodological differences were major barriers to consistency and comparability among studies, and should be addressed in future investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Parlatini
- Sackler Institute of Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK.
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK.
| | - Takashi Itahashi
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, 6-11-11 Kita-karasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yeji Lee
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Siwei Liu
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thuan T Nguyen
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuta Y Aoki
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, 6-11-11 Kita-karasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Aoki Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stephanie J Forkel
- Donders Centre for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Catani
- Sackler Institute of Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
| | - Juan H Zhou
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Declan G Murphy
- Sackler Institute of Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Q, Zhao C, Qiu J, Lu W. Two neurosubtypes of ADHD different from the clinical phenotypes. Psychiatry Res 2023; 328:115453. [PMID: 37660582 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and etiological variability of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presents an obstacle to understand the disorder. The aim of this study was to disentangle the heterogeneity of ADHD using neuroimaging and a semi-supervised machine learning algorithm. We collected brain structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and clinical profiles of 183 children with ADHD and 396 neurotypical controls from 7 independent sites. We also used an external validation set with 750 subjects. We adopted a semi-supervised clustering method to subtype ADHD by regional volumetric measures of gray matter, white matter, and fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF). In addition, split sample test, leave-one-site-out test and external validation were applied to evaluate the reproducibility and stability of ADHD subtypes. Two stable and reproducible neurosubtypes of ADHD were disclosed, which were proved by the split-sample test and leave-one-site-out validation. The structural and functional patterns of ADHD subtypes were also stable in the external validation set. The current two neurosubtypes differed in clinical manifestations and volumetric gray matter, white matter volume and fALFF patterns. The current neurosubtypes of ADHD which were different from clinical phenotypes could facilitate understanding the underlying neuropathological and neurobiological mechanism of the disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Chuanhua Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Weizhao Lu
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oblong LM, Llera A, Mei T, Haak K, Isakoglou C, Floris DL, Durston S, Moessnang C, Banaschewski T, Baron-Cohen S, Loth E, Dell'Acqua F, Charman T, Murphy DGM, Ecker C, Buitelaar JK, Beckmann CF, Forde NJ. Linking functional and structural brain organisation with behaviour in autism: a multimodal EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) study. Mol Autism 2023; 14:32. [PMID: 37653516 PMCID: PMC10472578 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-023-00564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging analyses of brain structure and function in autism have typically been conducted in isolation, missing the sensitivity gains of linking data across modalities. Here we focus on the integration of structural and functional organisational properties of brain regions. We aim to identify novel brain-organisation phenotypes of autism. We utilised multimodal MRI (T1-, diffusion-weighted and resting state functional), behavioural and clinical data from the EU AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) from autistic (n = 206) and non-autistic (n = 196) participants. Of these, 97 had data from 2 timepoints resulting in a total scan number of 466. Grey matter density maps, probabilistic tractography connectivity matrices and connectopic maps were extracted from respective MRI modalities and were then integrated with Linked Independent Component Analysis. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the relationship between components and group while accounting for covariates and non-independence of participants with longitudinal data. Additional models were run to investigate associations with dimensional measures of behaviour. We identified one component that differed significantly between groups (coefficient = 0.33, padj = 0.02). This was driven (99%) by variance of the right fusiform gyrus connectopic map 2. While there were multiple nominal (uncorrected p < 0.05) associations with behavioural measures, none were significant following multiple comparison correction. Our analysis considered the relative contributions of both structural and functional brain phenotypes simultaneously, finding that functional phenotypes drive associations with autism. These findings expanded on previous unimodal studies by revealing the topographic organisation of functional connectivity patterns specific to autism and warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lennart M Oblong
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Alberto Llera
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ting Mei
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Haak
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christina Isakoglou
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorothea L Floris
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Durston
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carolin Moessnang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eva Loth
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Flavio Dell'Acqua
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Tony Charman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Declan G M Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Natalie J Forde
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Takagi M, Ball G, Babl FE, Anderson N, Chen J, Clarke C, Davis GA, Hearps SJC, Pascouau R, Cheng N, Rausa VC, Seal M, Shapiro JS, Anderson V. Examining post-concussion white matter change in a pediatric sample. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 39:103486. [PMID: 37634376 PMCID: PMC10474493 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion-Weight Imaging (DWI) is increasingly used to explore a range of outcomes in pediatric concussion, particularly the neurobiological underpinnings of symptom recovery. However, the DWI findings within the broader pediatric concussion literature are mixed, which can largely be explained by methodological heterogeneity. To address some of these limitations, the aim of the present study was to utilize internationally- recognized criteria for concussion and a consistent imaging timepoint to conduct a comprehensive, multi-parametric survey of white matter microstructure after concussion. Forty-three children presenting with concussion to the emergency department of a tertiary level pediatric hospital underwent neuroimaging and were classified as either normally recovering (n = 27), or delayed recovering (n = 14) based on their post-concussion symptoms at 2 weeks post-injury.We combined multiple DWI metrics across four modeling approaches using Linked Independent Component Analysis (LICA) to extract several independent patterns of covariation in tissue microstructure present in the study cohort. Our analysis did not identify significant differences between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups and no component significantly predicted delayed recovery. If white matter microstructure changes are implicated in delayed recovery from concussion, these findings, alongside previous work, suggest that current diffusion techniques are insufficient to detect those changes at this time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Takagi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Monash School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gareth Ball
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Franz E Babl
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Emergency Department, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Nicholas Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Chen
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cathriona Clarke
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gavin A Davis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, Austin and Cabrini Hospitals, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Renee Pascouau
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas Cheng
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Monash School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vanessa C Rausa
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc Seal
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesse S Shapiro
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Psychology Service, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Monash School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ryan NP, Catroppa C, Ward SC, Yeates KO, Crossley L, Hollenkamp M, Hearps S, Beauchamp MH, Anderson VA. Association of neurostructural biomarkers with secondary attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom severity in children with traumatic brain injury: a prospective cohort study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5291-5300. [PMID: 36004807 PMCID: PMC10476057 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a well-established link between childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) and elevated secondary attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (s-ADHD) symptomology, the neurostructural correlates of these symptoms are largely unknown. Based on the influential 'triple-network model' of ADHD, this prospective longitudinal investigation aimed to (i) assess the effect of childhood TBI on brain morphometry of higher-order cognitive networks proposed to play a key role in ADHD pathophysiology, including the default-mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and central executive network (CEN); and (ii) assess the independent prognostic value of DMN, SN and CEN morphometry in predicting s-ADHD symptom severity after childhood TBI. METHODS The study sample comprised 155 participants, including 112 children with medically confirmed mild-severe TBI ascertained from consecutive hospital admissions, and 43 typically developing (TD) children matched for age, sex and socio-economic status. High-resolution structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences were acquired sub-acutely in a subset of 103 children with TBI and 34 TD children. Parents completed well-validated measures of ADHD symptom severity at 12-months post injury. RESULTS Relative to TD children and those with milder levels of TBI severity (mild, complicated mild, moderate), children with severe TBI showed altered brain morphometry within large-scale, higher-order cognitive networks, including significantly diminished grey matter volumes within the DMN, SN and CEN. When compared with the TD group, the TBI group showed significantly higher ADHD symptomatology and higher rates of clinically elevated symptoms. In multivariable models adjusted for other well-established risk factors, altered DMN morphometry independently predicted higher s-ADHD symptomatology at 12-months post-injury, whilst SN and CEN morphometry were not significant independent predictors. CONCLUSIONS Our prospective study findings suggest that neurostructural alterations within higher-order cognitive circuitry may represent a prospective risk factor for s-ADHD symptomatology at 12-months post-injury in children with TBI. High-resolution structural brain MRI has potential to provide early prognostic biomarkers that may help early identification of high-risk children with TBI who are likely to benefit from early surveillance and preventive measures to optimise long-term neuropsychiatric outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P. Ryan
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cathy Catroppa
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Keith Owen Yeates
- Department of Psychology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Louise Crossley
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Stephen Hearps
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Miriam H. Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vicki A. Anderson
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Luo X, Lin X, Ide JS, Luo X, Zhang Y, Xu J, Wang L, Chen Y, Cheng W, Zheng J, Wang Z, Yu T, Taximaimaiti R, Jing X, Wang X, Cao Y, Tan Y, Li CSR. Male-specific, replicable and functional roles of genetic variants and cerebral gray matter volumes in ADHD: a gene-wide association study across KTN1 and a region-wide functional validation across brain. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:4. [PMID: 36609385 PMCID: PMC9824933 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-022-00536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with reduction of cortical and subcortical gray matter volumes (GMVs). The kinectin 1 gene (KTN1) has recently been reported to significantly regulate GMVs and ADHD risk. In this study, we aimed to identify sex-specific, replicable risk KTN1 alleles for ADHD and to explore their regulatory effects on mRNA expression and cortical and subcortical GMVs. We examined a total of 1020 KTN1 SNPs in one discovery sample (ABCD cohort: 5573 males and 5082 females) and three independent replication European samples (Samples #1 and #2 each with 802/122 and 472/141 male/female offspring with ADHD; and Sample #3 with 14,154/4945 ADHD and 17,948/16,246 healthy males/females) to identify replicable associations within each sex. We examined the regulatory effects of ADHD-risk alleles on the KTN1 mRNA expression in two European brain cohorts (n = 348), total intracranial volume (TIV) in 46 European cohorts (n = 18,713) and the ABCD cohort, as well as the GMVs of seven subcortical structures in 50 European cohorts (n = 38,258) and of 118 cortical and subcortical regions in the ABCD cohort. We found that four KTN1 variants significantly regulated the risk of ADHD with the same direction of effect in males across discovery and replication samples (0.003 ≤ p ≤ 0.041), but none in females. All four ADHD-risk alleles significantly decreased KTN1 mRNA expression in all brain regions examined (1.2 × 10-5 ≤ p ≤ 0.039). The ADHD-risk alleles significantly increased basal ganglia (2.8 × 10-22 ≤ p ≤ 0.040) and hippocampus (p = 0.010) GMVs but reduced amygdala GMV (p = 0.030) and TIV (0.010 < p ≤ 0.013). The ADHD-risk alleles also significantly reduced some cortical (right superior temporal pole, right rectus) and cerebellar but increased other cortical (0.007 ≤ p ≤ 0.050) GMVs. To conclude, we identified a set of replicable and functional risk KTN1 alleles for ADHD, specifically in males. KTN1 may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ADHD, and the reduction of specific cortical and subcortical, including amygdalar but not basal ganglia or hippocampal, GMVs may serve as a neural marker of the genetic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingguang Luo
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing, 100096, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Xiandong Lin
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Radiobiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital and Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Jaime S Ide
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Xinqun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Jianying Xu
- Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Wenhong Cheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jianming Zheng
- National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Reyisha Taximaimaiti
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaozhong Jing
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yuping Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; China National Clinical Research Center On Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute On Mental Disorders, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu X, Tyler LK, Rowe JB, Tsvetanov KA. Multimodal fusion analysis of functional, cerebrovascular and structural neuroimaging in healthy aging subjects. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:5490-5508. [PMID: 35855641 PMCID: PMC9704789 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is a complex process that requires a multimodal approach. Neuroimaging can provide insights into brain morphology, functional organization, and vascular dynamics. However, most neuroimaging studies of aging have focused on each imaging modality separately, limiting the understanding of interrelations between processes identified by different modalities and their relevance to cognitive decline in aging. Here, we used a data-driven multimodal approach, linked independent component analysis (ICA), to jointly analyze magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of grey matter volume, cerebrovascular, and functional network topographies in relation to measures of fluid intelligence. Neuroimaging and cognitive data from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience study were used, with healthy participants aged 18-88 years (main dataset n = 215 and secondary dataset n = 433). Using linked ICA, functional network activities were characterized in independent components but not captured in the same component as structural and cerebrovascular patterns. Split-sample (n = 108/107) and out-of-sample (n = 433) validation analyses using linked ICA were also performed. Global grey matter volume with regional cerebrovascular changes and the right frontoparietal network activity were correlated with age-related and individual differences in fluid intelligence. This study presents the insights from linked ICA to bring together measurements from multiple imaging modalities, with independent and additive information. We propose that integrating multiple neuroimaging modalities allows better characterization of brain pattern variability and changes associated with healthy aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xulin Liu
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Lorraine K. Tyler
- The Centre for Speech, Language and the Brain, Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Cam‐CAN
- Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam‐CAN), MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - James B. Rowe
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Kamen A. Tsvetanov
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- The Centre for Speech, Language and the Brain, Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom severity and white matter integrity moderated by in-scanner head motion. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:434. [PMID: 36202807 PMCID: PMC9537185 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder associated with various negative life impacts. The manifestation of ADHD is very heterogeneous, and previous investigations on neuroanatomical alterations in ADHD have yielded inconsistent results. We investigated the mediating effect of in-scanner head motion and ADHD hyperactivity severity on motion-corrected fractional anisotropy (FA) using diffusion tensor imaging in the currently largest sample (n = 739) of medication-naïve children and adolescents (age range 5-22 years). We used automated tractography to examine whole-brain and mean FA of the tracts most frequently reported in ADHD; corpus callosum forceps major and forceps minor, left and right superior-longitudinal fasciculus, and left and right corticospinal tract (CST). Associations between FA and hyperactivity severity appeared when in-scanner head motion was not accounted for as mediator. However, causal mediation analysis revealed that these effects are fully mediated through in-scanner head motion for whole-brain FA, the corpus callosum forceps minor, and left superior-longitudinal fasciculus. Direct effect of hyperactivity severity on FA was only found for the left CST. This study illustrates the crucial role of in-scanner head motion in the identification of white matter integrity alterations in ADHD and shows how neglecting irremediable motion artifacts causes spurious findings. When the mediating effect of in-scanner head motion on FA is accounted for, an association between hyperactivity severity and FA is only present for the left CST; this may play a crucial role in the manifestation of hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms in ADHD.
Collapse
|
11
|
Damatac CG, Chauvin RJM, Zwiers MP, van Rooij D, Akkermans SEA, Naaijen J, Hoekstra PJ, Hartman CA, Oosterlaan J, Franke B, Buitelaar JK, Beckmann CF, Sprooten E. White Matter Microstructure in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Tractography Study in 654 Individuals. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:979-988. [PMID: 33054990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by age-inappropriate levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. ADHD has been related to differences in white matter (WM) microstructure. However, much remains unclear regarding the nature of these WM differences and which clinical aspects of ADHD they reflect. We systematically investigated whether fractional anisotropy (FA) is associated with current and/or lifetime categorical diagnosis, impairment in daily life, and continuous ADHD symptom measures. METHODS Diffusion-weighted imaging data were obtained from 654 participants (322 unaffected, 258 affected, 74 subthreshold; 7-29 years of age). We applied automated global probabilistic tractography on 18 major WM pathways. Linear mixed-effects regression models were used to examine associations of clinical measures with overall brain and tract-specific FA. RESULTS There were significant interactions of tract with all ADHD variables on FA. There were no significant associations of FA with current or lifetime diagnosis, nor with impairment. Lower FA in the right cingulum angular bundle was associated with higher hyperactivity-impulsivity symptom severity (pfamilywise error = .045). There were no significant effects for other tracts. CONCLUSIONS This is the first time global probabilistic tractography has been applied to an ADHD dataset of this size. We found no evidence for altered FA in association with ADHD diagnosis. Our findings indicate that associations of FA with ADHD are not uniformly distributed across WM tracts. Continuous symptom measures of ADHD may be more sensitive to FA than diagnostic categories. The right cingulum angular bundle in particular may play a role in symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christienne G Damatac
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Roselyne J M Chauvin
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel P Zwiers
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Daan van Rooij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie E A Akkermans
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jilly Naaijen
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen Y, Su S, Dai Y, Wen Z, Qian L, Zhang H, Liu M, Fan M, Chu J, Yang Z. Brain Volumetric Measurements in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comparative Study Between Synthetic and Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:711528. [PMID: 34759789 PMCID: PMC8573371 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.711528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the profiles of brain volumetric measurements in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the consistency of these brain volumetric measurements derived from the synthetic and conventional T1 weighted MRI (SyMRI and cT1w MRI). Methods: Brain SyMRI and cT1w images were prospectively collected for 38 pediatric patients with ADHD and 38 healthy children (HC) with an age range of 6–14 years. The gray matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), non-WM/GM/CSF (NoN), myelin, myelin fraction (MYF), brain parenchyma volume (BPV), and intracranial volume (ICV) were automatically estimated from SyMRI data, and the four matching measurements (GMV, WMV, BPV, ICV) were extracted from cT1w images. The group differences of brain volumetric measurements were performed, respectively, using analysis of covariance. Pearson correlation analysis and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were applied to evaluate the association between synthetic and cT1w MRI-derived measurements. Results: As for the brain volumetric measurements extracted from SyMRI, significantly decreased GMV, WMV, BPV, and increased NON volume (p < 0.05) were found in the ADHD group compared with HC; No group differences were found in ICV, CSF, myelin volume and MYF (p > 0.05). With regard to GMV, WMV, BPV, and ICV estimated from cT1w images, the group differences between ADHD and HC were consistent with the results estimated from SyMRI. And these four measurements showed noticeable correlation between the two approaches (r = 0.692, 0.643, 0.898, 0.789, respectively, p < 0.001; ICC values are 0.809, 0.782, 0.946, 0.873, respectively). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a global brain development disability, but normal whole-brain myelination in children with ADHD. Moreover, our results demonstrated the high consistency of brain volumetric indices between synthetic and cT1w MRI in children, which indicates the high reliability of SyMRI in the child-brain volumetric analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqian Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Su
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Wen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Qian
- MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meina Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Fan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Chu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saad JF, Griffiths KR, Kohn MR, Braund TA, Clarke S, Williams LM, Korgaonkar MS. No support for white matter connectivity differences in the combined and inattentive ADHD presentations. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245028. [PMID: 33951031 PMCID: PMC8099057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from functional neuroimaging studies support neural differences between the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) presentation types. It remains unclear if these neural deficits also manifest at the structural level. We have previously shown that the ADHD combined, and ADHD inattentive types demonstrate differences in graph properties of structural covariance suggesting an underlying difference in neuroanatomical organization. The goal of this study was to examine and validate white matter brain organization between the two subtypes using both scalar and connectivity measures of brain white matter. We used both tract-based spatial statistical (TBSS) and tractography analyses with network-based Statistics (NBS) and graph-theoretical analyses in a cohort of 35 ADHD participants (aged 8–17 years) defined using DSM-IV criteria as combined (ADHD-C) type (n = 19) or as predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I) type (n = 16), and 28 matched neurotypical controls. We performed TBSS analyses on scalar measures of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), radial (RD), and axial (AD) diffusivity to assess differences in WM between ADHD types and controls. NBS and graph theoretical analysis of whole brain inter-regional tractography examined connectomic differences and brain network organization, respectively. None of the scalar measures significantly differed between ADHD types or relative to controls. Similarly, there were no tractography connectivity differences between the two subtypes and relative to controls using NBS. Global and regional graph measures were also similar between the groups. A single significant finding was observed for nodal degree between the ADHD-C and controls, in the right insula (corrected p = .029). Our result of no white matter differences between the subtypes is consistent with most previous findings. These findings together might suggest that the white matter structural architecture is largely similar between the DSM-based ADHD presentations is similar to the extent of being undetectable with the current cohort size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline F. Saad
- The Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristi R. Griffiths
- The Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael R. Kohn
- The Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Centre for Research into Adolescents’ Health, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Taylor A. Braund
- The Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon Clarke
- The Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Centre for Research into Adolescents’ Health, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Leanne M. Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar
- The Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kowalczyk‐Grębska N, Skorko M, Dobrowolski P, Kossowski B, Myśliwiec M, Hryniewicz N, Gaca M, Marchewka A, Kossut M, Brzezicka A. Lenticular nucleus volume predicts performance in real-time strategy game: cross-sectional and training approach using voxel-based morphometry. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1492:42-57. [PMID: 33372699 PMCID: PMC8246877 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
It is unclear why some people learn faster than others. We performed two independent studies in which we investigated the neural basis of real-time strategy (RTS) gaming and neural predictors of RTS game skill acquisition. In the first (cross-sectional) study, we found that experts in the RTS game StarCraft® II (SC2) had a larger lenticular nucleus volume (LNV) than non-RTS players. We followed a cross-validation procedure where we used the volume of regions identified in the first study to predict the quality of learning a new, complex skill (SC2) in a sample of individuals who were naive to RTS games (a second (training) study). Our findings provide new insights into how the LNV, which is associated with motor as well as cognitive functions, can be utilized to predict successful skill learning and be applied to a much broader context than just video games, such as contributing to optimizing cognitive training interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciek Skorko
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | | | - Bartosz Kossowski
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Monika Myśliwiec
- Faculty of PsychologySWPS University of Social Sciences and HumanitiesWarsawPoland
| | - Nikodem Hryniewicz
- CNS Lab, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Maciej Gaca
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Artur Marchewka
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Małgorzata Kossut
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Department of Molecular and Cellular NeurobiologyNencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Aneta Brzezicka
- Faculty of PsychologySWPS University of Social Sciences and HumanitiesWarsawPoland
- Department of NeurosurgeryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCalifornia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bussu G, Llera A, Jones EJH, Tye C, Charman T, Johnson MH, Beckmann CF, Buitelaar JK. Uncovering neurodevelopmental paths to autism spectrum disorder through an integrated analysis of developmental measures and neural sensitivity to faces. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E34-E43. [PMID: 33009904 PMCID: PMC7955837 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.190148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is highly heterogeneous in its etiology and manifestation. The neurobiological processes underlying ASD development are reflected in multiple features, from behaviour and cognition to brain functioning. An integrated analysis of these features may optimize the identification of these processes. METHODS We examined cognitive and adaptive functioning and ASD symptoms between 8 and 36 months in 161 infants at familial high risk for ASD and 71 low-risk controls; we also examined neural sensitivity to eye gaze at 8 months in a subsample of 140 high-risk and 61 low-risk infants. We used linked independent component analysis to extract patterns of variation across domains and development, and we selected the patterns significantly associated with clinical classification at 36 months. RESULTS An early process at 8 months, indicating high levels of functioning and low levels of symptoms linked to higher attention to gaze shifts, was reduced in infants who developed ASD. A longitudinal process of increasing functioning and low levels of symptoms was reduced in infants who developed ASD, and another process suggesting a stagnation in cognitive functioning at 24 months was increased in infants who developed ASD. LIMITATIONS Although the results showed a clear significant trend relating to clinical classification, we found substantial overlap between groups. CONCLUSION We uncovered underlying processes that acted together early in development and were associated with clinical outcomes. Our results highlighted the complexity of emerging ASD, which goes beyond the borders of clinical categories. Future work should integrate genetic data to investigate the specific genetic risks linked to these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Bussu
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Bussu, Llera, Buitelaar, Beckmann); the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK (Jones, Johnson); the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK (Tye); and the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK (Charman)
| | - Alberto Llera
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Bussu, Llera, Buitelaar, Beckmann); the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK (Jones, Johnson); the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK (Tye); and the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK (Charman)
| | - Emily J H Jones
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Bussu, Llera, Buitelaar, Beckmann); the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK (Jones, Johnson); the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK (Tye); and the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK (Charman)
| | - Charlotte Tye
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Bussu, Llera, Buitelaar, Beckmann); the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK (Jones, Johnson); the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK (Tye); and the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK (Charman)
| | - Tony Charman
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Bussu, Llera, Buitelaar, Beckmann); the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK (Jones, Johnson); the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK (Tye); and the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK (Charman)
| | - Mark H Johnson
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Bussu, Llera, Buitelaar, Beckmann); the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK (Jones, Johnson); the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK (Tye); and the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK (Charman)
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Bussu, Llera, Buitelaar, Beckmann); the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK (Jones, Johnson); the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK (Tye); and the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK (Charman)
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Bussu, Llera, Buitelaar, Beckmann); the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK (Jones, Johnson); the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK (Tye); and the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK (Charman)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cupertino RB, Soheili-Nezhad S, Grevet EH, Bandeira CE, Picon FA, Tavares MEDA, Naaijen J, van Rooij D, Akkermans S, Vitola ES, Zwiers MP, Rovaris DL, Hoekstra PJ, Breda V, Oosterlaan J, Hartman CA, Beckmann CF, Buitelaar JK, Franke B, Bau CHD, Sprooten E. Reduced fronto-striatal volume in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in two cohorts across the lifespan. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 28:102403. [PMID: 32949876 PMCID: PMC7502360 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been associated with altered brain anatomy in neuroimaging studies. However, small and heterogeneous study samples, and the use of region-of-interest and tissue-specific analyses have limited the consistency and replicability of these effects. We used a data-driven multivariate approach to investigate neuroanatomical features associated with ADHD in two independent cohorts: the Dutch NeuroIMAGE cohort (n = 890, 17.2 years) and the Brazilian IMpACT cohort (n = 180, 44.2 years). Using independent component analysis of whole-brain morphometry images, 375 neuroanatomical components were assessed for association with ADHD. In both discovery (corrected-p = 0.0085) and replication (p = 0.032) cohorts, ADHD was associated with reduced volume in frontal lobes, striatum, and their interconnecting white-matter. Current results provide further evidence for the role of the fronto-striatal circuit in ADHD in children, and for the first time show its relevance to ADHD in adults. The fact that the cohorts are from different continents and comprise different age ranges highlights the robustness of the findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sourena Soheili-Nezhad
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eugenio Horacio Grevet
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cibele Edom Bandeira
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Almeida Picon
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Araujo Tavares
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jilly Naaijen
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van Rooij
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Akkermans
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eduardo Schneider Vitola
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcel P Zwiers
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Diego Luiz Rovaris
- Universidade de Sao Paulo Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vitor Breda
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Emma Neuroscience Group, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Vrije Universiteit, Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Van der Boechortstraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Emma Neuroscience Group, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Vrije Universiteit, Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Van der Boechortstraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Claiton Henrique Dotto Bau
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jiang W, Duan K, Rootes-Murdy K, Hoekstra PJ, Hartman CA, Oosterlaan J, Heslenfeld D, Franke B, Buitelaar J, Arias-Vasquez A, Liu J, Turner JA. Structural brain alterations and their association with cognitive function and symptoms in Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder families. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 27:102273. [PMID: 32387850 PMCID: PMC7210582 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gray matter disruptions have been found consistently in Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The organization of these alterations into brain structural networks remains largely unexplored. We investigated 508 participants (281 males) with ADHD (N = 210), their unaffected siblings (N = 108), individuals with subthreshold ADHD (N = 49), and unrelated healthy controls (N = 141) with an age range from 7 to 18 years old from 336 families in the Dutch NeuroIMAGE project. Source based morphometry was used to examine structural brain network alterations and their association with symptoms and cognitive performance. Two networks showed significant reductions in individuals with ADHD compared to unrelated healthy controls after False Discovery Rate correction. Component A, mainly located in bilateral Crus I, showed a ADHD/typically developing difference with subthreshold cases being intermediate between ADHD and typically developing controls. The unaffected siblings were similar to controls. After correcting for IQ and medication status, component A showed a negative correlation with inattention symptoms across the entire sample. Component B included a maximum cluster in the bilateral insula, where unaffected siblings, similar to individuals with ADHD, showed significantly reduced loadings compared to controls; but no relationship with individual symptoms or cognitive measures was found for component B. This multivariate approach suggests that areas reflecting genetic liability within ADHD are partly separate from those areas modulating symptom severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Jiang
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, USA
| | - Kuaikuai Duan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
| | | | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Heslenfeld
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Computer Science, TReNDS Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Jessica A Turner
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, USA; Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wolfers T, Beckmann CF, Hoogman M, Buitelaar JK, Franke B, Marquand AF. Individual differences v. the average patient: mapping the heterogeneity in ADHD using normative models. Psychol Med 2020; 50:314-323. [PMID: 30782224 PMCID: PMC7083555 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present paper presents a fundamentally novel approach to model individual differences of persons with the same biologically heterogeneous mental disorder. Unlike prevalent case-control analyses, that assume a clear distinction between patient and control groups and thereby introducing the concept of an 'average patient', we describe each patient's biology individually, gaining insights into the different facets that characterize persistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS Using a normative modeling approach, we mapped inter-individual differences in reference to normative structural brain changes across the lifespan to examine the degree to which case-control analyses disguise differences between individuals. RESULTS At the level of the individual, deviations from the normative model were frequent in persistent ADHD. However, the overlap of more than 2% between participants with ADHD was only observed in few brain loci. On average, participants with ADHD showed significantly reduced gray matter in the cerebellum and hippocampus compared to healthy individuals. While the case-control differences were in line with the literature on ADHD, individuals with ADHD only marginally reflected these group differences. CONCLUSIONS Case-control comparisons, disguise inter-individual differences in brain biology in individuals with persistent ADHD. The present results show that the 'average ADHD patient' has limited informative value, providing the first evidence for the necessity to explore different biological facets of ADHD at the level of the individual and practical means to achieve this end.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wolfers
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian F. Beckmann
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andre F. Marquand
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maglanoc LA, Kaufmann T, Jonassen R, Hilland E, Beck D, Landrø NI, Westlye LT. Multimodal fusion of structural and functional brain imaging in depression using linked independent component analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:241-255. [PMID: 31571370 PMCID: PMC7267936 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous structural and functional neuroimaging studies have implicated distributed brain regions and networks in depression. However, there are no robust imaging biomarkers that are specific to depression, which may be due to clinical heterogeneity and neurobiological complexity. A dimensional approach and fusion of imaging modalities may yield a more coherent view of the neuronal correlates of depression. We used linked independent component analysis to fuse cortical macrostructure (thickness, area, gray matter density), white matter diffusion properties and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging default mode network amplitude in patients with a history of depression (n = 170) and controls (n = 71). We used univariate and machine learning approaches to assess the relationship between age, sex, case-control status, and symptom loads for depression and anxiety with the resulting brain components. Univariate analyses revealed strong associations between age and sex with mainly global but also regional specific brain components, with varying degrees of multimodal involvement. In contrast, there were no significant associations with case-control status, nor symptom loads for depression and anxiety with the brain components, nor any interaction effects with age and sex. Machine learning revealed low model performance for classifying patients from controls and predicting symptom loads for depression and anxiety, but high age prediction accuracy. Multimodal fusion of brain imaging data alone may not be sufficient for dissecting the clinical and neurobiological heterogeneity of depression. Precise clinical stratification and methods for brain phenotyping at the individual level based on large training samples may be needed to parse the neuroanatomy of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi A. Maglanoc
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Rune Jonassen
- Faculty of Health SciencesOslo Metropolitan UniversityOsloNorway
| | - Eva Hilland
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Division of PsychiatryDiakonhjemmet HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Dani Beck
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Nils Inge Landrø
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Llera A, Wolfers T, Mulders P, Beckmann CF. Inter-individual differences in human brain structure and morphology link to variation in demographics and behavior. eLife 2019; 8:e44443. [PMID: 31268418 PMCID: PMC6663467 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We perform a comprehensive integrative analysis of multiple structural MR-based brain features and find for the first-time strong evidence relating inter-individual brain structural variations to a wide range of demographic and behavioral variates across a large cohort of young healthy human volunteers. Our analyses reveal that a robust 'positive-negative' spectrum of behavioral and demographic variates, recently associated to covariation in brain function, can already be identified using only structural features, highlighting the importance of careful integration of structural features in any analysis of inter-individual differences in functional connectivity and downstream associations with behavioral/demographic variates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Llera
- Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- Centre for Cognitive NeuroimagingDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorNijmegenNetherlands
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Thomas Wolfers
- Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- Centre for Cognitive NeuroimagingDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorNijmegenNetherlands
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Peter Mulders
- Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- Centre for Cognitive NeuroimagingDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorNijmegenNetherlands
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- Centre for Cognitive NeuroimagingDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorNijmegenNetherlands
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenNetherlands
- Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB)University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Garcia-Gorro C, Llera A, Martinez-Horta S, Perez-Perez J, Kulisevsky J, Rodriguez-Dechicha N, Vaquer I, Subira S, Calopa M, Muñoz E, Santacruz P, Ruiz-Idiago J, Mareca C, Beckmann CF, de Diego-Balaguer R, Camara E. Specific patterns of brain alterations underlie distinct clinical profiles in Huntington's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 23:101900. [PMID: 31255947 PMCID: PMC6606833 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative disease which involves a triad of motor, cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. However, there is great variability in the prominence of each type of symptom across individuals. The neurobiological basis of such variability remains poorly understood but would be crucial for better tailored treatments. Multivariate multimodal neuroimaging approaches have been successful in disentangling these profiles in other disorders. Thus we applied for the first time such approach to HD. We studied the relationship between HD symptom domains and multimodal measures sensitive to grey and white matter structural alterations. Forty-three HD gene carriers (23 manifest and 20 premanifest individuals) were scanned and underwent behavioural assessments evaluating motor, cognitive and psychiatric domains. We conducted a multimodal analysis integrating different structural neuroimaging modalities measuring grey matter volume, cortical thickness and white matter diffusion indices - fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity. All neuroimaging measures were entered into a linked independent component analysis in order to obtain multimodal components reflecting common inter-subject variation across imaging modalities. The relationship between multimodal neuroimaging independent components and behavioural measures was analysed using multiple linear regression. We found that cognitive and motor symptoms shared a common neurobiological basis, whereas the psychiatric domain presented a differentiated neural signature. Behavioural measures of different symptom domains correlated with different neuroimaging components, both the brain regions involved and the neuroimaging modalities most prominently associated with each type of symptom showing differences. More severe cognitive and motor signs together were associated with a multimodal component consisting in a pattern of reduced grey matter, cortical thickness and white matter integrity in cognitive and motor related networks. In contrast, depressive symptoms were associated with a component mainly characterised by reduced cortical thickness pattern in limbic and paralimbic regions. In conclusion, using a multivariate multimodal approach we were able to disentangle the neurobiological substrates of two distinct symptom profiles in HD: one characterised by cognitive and motor features dissociated from a psychiatric profile. These results open a new view on a disease classically considered as a uniform entity and initiates a new avenue for further research considering these qualitative individual differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Garcia-Gorro
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), Spain
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Llera
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Saul Martinez-Horta
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED (Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Perez-Perez
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED (Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED (Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Irene Vaquer
- Hestia Duran i Reynals, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Susana Subira
- Hestia Duran i Reynals, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matilde Calopa
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteban Muñoz
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Santacruz
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesus Ruiz-Idiago
- Hospital Mare de Deu de la Mercè, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celia Mareca
- Hospital Mare de Deu de la Mercè, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian F. Beckmann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ruth de Diego-Balaguer
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), Spain
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA (Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estela Camara
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Structural Variability in the Human Brain Reflects Fine-Grained Functional Architecture at the Population Level. J Neurosci 2019; 39:6136-6149. [PMID: 31152123 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2912-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human brain structure topography is thought to be related in part to functional specialization. However, the extent of such relationships is unclear. Here, using a data-driven, multimodal approach for studying brain structure across the lifespan (N = 484, n = 260 females), we demonstrate that numerous structural networks, covering the entire brain, follow a functionally meaningful architecture. These gray matter networks (GMNs) emerge from the covariation of gray matter volume and cortical area at the population level. We further reveal fine-grained anatomical signatures of functional connectivity. For example, within the cerebellum, a structural separation emerges between lobules that are functionally connected to distinct, mainly sensorimotor, cognitive and limbic regions of the cerebral cortex and subcortex. Structural modes of variation also replicate the fine-grained functional architecture seen in eight well defined visual areas in both task and resting-state fMRI. Furthermore, our study shows a structural distinction corresponding to the established segregation between anterior and posterior default-mode networks (DMNs). These fine-grained GMNs further cluster together to form functionally meaningful larger-scale organization. In particular, we identify a structural architecture bringing together the functional posterior DMN and its anticorrelated counterpart. In summary, our results demonstrate that the relationship between structural and functional connectivity is fine-grained, widespread across the entire brain, and driven by covariation in cortical area, i.e. likely differences in shape, depth, or number of foldings. These results suggest that neurotrophic events occur during development to dictate that the size and folding pattern of distant, functionally connected brain regions should vary together across subjects.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Questions about the relationship between structure and function in the human brain have engaged neuroscientists for centuries in a debate that continues to this day. Here, by investigating intersubject variation in brain structure across a large number of individuals, we reveal modes of structural variation that map onto fine-grained functional organization across the entire brain, and specifically in the cerebellum, visual areas, and default-mode network. This functionally meaningful structural architecture emerges from the covariation of gray matter volume and cortical folding. These results suggest that the neurotrophic events at play during development, and possibly evolution, which dictate that the size and folding pattern of distant brain regions should vary together across subjects, might also play a role in functional cortical specialization.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wu ZM, Llera A, Hoogman M, Cao QJ, Zwiers MP, Bralten J, An L, Sun L, Yang L, Yang BR, Zang YF, Franke B, Beckmann CF, Mennes M, Wang YF. Linked anatomical and functional brain alterations in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 23:101851. [PMID: 31077980 PMCID: PMC6514365 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Neuroimaging studies have independently demonstrated brain anatomical and functional impairments in participants with ADHD. The aim of the current study was to explore the relationship between structural and functional brain alterations in ADHD through an integrated analysis of multimodal neuroimaging data. Methods We performed a multimodal analysis to integrate resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), structural MRI, and diffusion-weighted imaging data in a large, single-site sample of children with and without diagnosis for ADHD. The inferred subject contributions were fed into regression models to investigate the relationships between diagnosis, symptom severity, gender, and age. Results Compared with controls, children with ADHD diagnosis showed altered white matter microstructure in widespread white matter fiber tracts as well as greater gray matter volume (GMV) in bilateral frontal regions, smaller GMV in posterior regions, and altered functional connectivity (FC) in default mode and fronto-parietal networks. Age-related growth of GMV of bilateral occipital lobe, FC in frontal regions as well as age-related decline of GMV in medial regions seen in controls appeared reversed in children with ADHD. In the whole group, higher symptom severity was related to smaller GMV in widespread regions in bilateral frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes, as well as greater GMV in intracalcarine and temporal cortices. Conclusions Through a multimodal analysis approach we show that structural and functional alterations in brain regions known to be altered in subjects with ADHD from unimodal studies are linked across modalities. The brain alterations were related to clinical features of ADHD, including disorder status, age, and symptom severity. Multimodal imaging analysis provides new insights in interconnected imaging findings. Co-occurrence of structural and functional brain alterations were observed in ADHD. The identified multimodal alterations are related to clinical features of ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Min Wu
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital, China; Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Alberto Llera
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Qing-Jiu Cao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Marcel P Zwiers
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Li An
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Yang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | | | - Yu-Feng Zang
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Maarten Mennes
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Luo Y, Weibman D, Halperin JM, Li X. A Review of Heterogeneity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:42. [PMID: 30804772 PMCID: PMC6378275 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects approximately 8%–12% of children worldwide. Throughout an individual’s lifetime, ADHD can significantly increase risk for other psychiatric disorders, educational and occupational failure, accidents, criminality, social disability and addictions. No single risk factor is necessary or sufficient to cause ADHD. The multifactorial causation of ADHD is reflected in the heterogeneity of this disorder, as indicated by its diversity of psychiatric comorbidities, varied clinical profiles, patterns of neurocognitive impairment and developmental trajectories, and the wide range of structural and functional brain anomalies. Although evidence-based treatments can reduce ADHD symptoms in a substantial portion of affected individuals, there is yet no curative treatment for ADHD. A number of theoretical models of the emergence and developmental trajectories of ADHD have been proposed, aimed at providing systematic guides for clinical research and practice. We conducted a comprehensive review of the current status of research in understanding the heterogeneity of ADHD in terms of etiology, clinical profiles and trajectories, and neurobiological mechanisms. We suggest that further research focus on investigating the impact of the etiological risk factors and their interactions with developmental neural mechanisms and clinical profiles in ADHD. Such research would have heuristic value for identifying biologically homogeneous subgroups and could facilitate the development of novel and more tailored interventions that target underlying neural anomalies characteristic of more homogeneous subgroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Dana Weibman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Halperin
- Department of Psychology, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, NY, United States
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States.,Department of Electric and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ackermann S, Halfon O, Fornari E, Urben S, Bader M. Cognitive Working Memory Training (CWMT) in adolescents suffering from Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A controlled trial taking into account concomitant medication effects. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269:79-85. [PMID: 30145306 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although, cognitive working memory training (CWMT) has been reported to enhance working memory functioning in youths with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), few studies take into account the concomitant effects of medication. Sixty adolescents aged from 11 to 15 years were randomly assigned to CWMT treatment, whereas medication was either continued or not introduced (no randomization performed). Results revealed beneficial effects of CWMT on the different components of working memory (WM), namely the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketchpad and the central executive. In particular, CWMT allowed participants to obtain a level of performance similar to the typically-developing adolescents for the phonological loop (i.e., forward digit span) as well as for the visuospatial sketchpad (i.e., board span). For the central executive (i.e., backward digit span) the concomitant effects of CWMT and medication allows participants to obtain the performance level of the typically-developing adolescents. Although, no transfers were observed with respect to other cognitive functions, in medicated patients with ADHD, CWMT reduced hyperactivity / impulsivity symptoms at 2-month follow-up. The present study gives evidence of the efficacy of CWMT to enhance WM performance, as well as, to reduce symptoms. The overall results highlight the usefulness of multimodal interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandie Ackermann
- University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Halfon
- University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eleonora Fornari
- Biomedical Imaging Center (CIBM), Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Urben
- University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Bader
- University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The prenatal period is increasingly considered as a crucial target for the primary prevention of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Understanding their pathophysiological mechanisms remains a great challenge. Our review reveals new insights from prenatal brain development research, involving (epi)genetic research, neuroscience, recent imaging techniques, physical modeling, and computational simulation studies. Studies examining the effect of prenatal exposure to maternal distress on offspring brain development, using brain imaging techniques, reveal effects at birth and up into adulthood. Structural and functional changes are observed in several brain regions including the prefrontal, parietal, and temporal lobes, as well as the cerebellum, hippocampus, and amygdala. Furthermore, alterations are seen in functional connectivity of amygdalar-thalamus networks and in intrinsic brain networks, including default mode and attentional networks. The observed changes underlie offspring behavioral, cognitive, emotional development, and susceptibility to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. It is concluded that used brain measures have not yet been validated with regard to sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, or robustness in predicting neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Therefore, more prospective long-term longitudinal follow-up studies starting early in pregnancy should be carried out, in order to examine brain developmental measures as mediators in mediating the link between prenatal stress and offspring behavioral, cognitive, and emotional problems and susceptibility for disorders.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bachmann K, Lam AP, Sörös P, Kanat M, Hoxhaj E, Matthies S, Feige B, Müller H, Özyurt J, Thiel CM, Philipsen A. Effects of mindfulness and psychoeducation on working memory in adult ADHD: A randomised, controlled fMRI study. Behav Res Ther 2018; 106:47-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
28
|
White T, Muetzel RL, El Marroun H, Blanken LME, Jansen P, Bolhuis K, Kocevska D, Mous SE, Mulder R, Jaddoe VWV, van der Lugt A, Verhulst FC, Tiemeier H. Paediatric population neuroimaging and the Generation R Study: the second wave. Eur J Epidemiol 2018; 33:99-125. [PMID: 29064008 PMCID: PMC5803295 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-017-0319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Paediatric population neuroimaging is an emerging field that falls at the intersection between developmental neuroscience and epidemiology. A key feature of population neuroimaging studies involves large-scale recruitment that is representative of the general population. One successful approach for population neuroimaging is to embed neuroimaging studies within large epidemiological cohorts. The Generation R Study is a large, prospective population-based birth-cohort in which nearly 10,000 pregnant mothers were recruited between 2002 and 2006 with repeated measurements in the children and their parents over time. Magnetic resonance imaging was included in 2009 with the scanning of 1070 6-to-9-year-old children. The second neuroimaging wave was initiated in April 2013 with a total of 4245 visiting the MRI suite and 4087 9-to-11-year-old children being scanned. The sequences included high-resolution structural MRI, 35-direction diffusion weighted imaging, and a 6 min and 2 s resting-state functional MRI scan. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the imaging protocol and the overlap between the neuroimaging data and metadata. We conclude by providing a brief overview of results from our first wave of neuroimaging, which highlights a diverse array of questions that can be addressed by merging the fields of developmental neuroscience and epidemiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Kinder Neuroimaging Centrum Rotterdam (KNICR), Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura M E Blanken
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Bolhuis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Desana Kocevska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine E Mous
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosa Mulder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aad van der Lugt
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Kp-2869, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wolfers T, Arenas AL, Onnink AMH, Dammers J, Hoogman M, Zwiers MP, Buitelaar JK, Franke B, Marquand AF, Beckmann CF. Refinement by integration: aggregated effects of multimodal imaging markers on adult ADHD. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2017; 42:386-394. [PMID: 28832320 PMCID: PMC5662460 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.160240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is biologically heterogeneous, with different biological predispositions - mediated through developmental processes - converging upon a common clinical phenotype. Brain imaging studies have variably shown altered brain structure, activity and connectivity in children and adults with ADHD. Recent methodological developments allow for the integration of information across imaging modalities, potentially yielding a more coherent view regarding the biology underlying the disorder. METHODS We analyzed a sample of adults with persistent ADHD and healthy controls using an advanced multimodal linked independent component analysis approach. Diffusion and structural MRI data were fused to form imaging markers reflecting independent components that explain variation across modalities. We included these markers as predictors into logistic regression models on adult ADHD and put those into context with predictions of estimated intelligence, age and sex. RESULTS We included 87 adults with ADHD and 93 controls in our analysis. Participants' courses associated with all imaging markers explained 27.86% of the variance in adult ADHD. No single imaging modality dominated this result. Instead, it was explained by aggregation of relatively small effects across several modalities and markers. One of the top markers for adult ADHD was multimodal and linked to morphological and microstructural effects within anterior temporal brain regions; another was linked to cortical thickness. Several markers were also influenced by estimated intelligence, age and/or sex. LIMITATIONS Although complex analytical approaches, such as the one applied here, provide insight into otherwise hidden mechanisms, they also increase the complexity of interpretations. CONCLUSION No dominant imaging modality or marker characterizes structural brain phenotypes in adults with ADHD, but we can refine our characterization of the disorder by the integration of small effects across modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wolfers
- Correspondence to: T. Wolfers, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Doan NT, Engvig A, Zaske K, Persson K, Lund MJ, Kaufmann T, Cordova-Palomera A, Alnæs D, Moberget T, Brækhus A, Barca ML, Nordvik JE, Engedal K, Agartz I, Selbæk G, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Distinguishing early and late brain aging from the Alzheimer's disease spectrum: consistent morphological patterns across independent samples. Neuroimage 2017; 158:282-295. [PMID: 28666881 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Accurate identification of individuals at risk is complicated as AD shares cognitive and brain features with aging. We applied linked independent component analysis (LICA) on three complementary measures of gray matter structure: cortical thickness, area and gray matter density of 137 AD, 78 mild (MCI) and 38 subjective cognitive impairment patients, and 355 healthy adults aged 18-78 years to identify dissociable multivariate morphological patterns sensitive to age and diagnosis. Using the lasso classifier, we performed group classification and prediction of cognition and age at different age ranges to assess the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of the LICA patterns in relation to AD, as well as early and late healthy aging. Three components showed high sensitivity to the diagnosis and cognitive status of AD, with different relationships with age: one reflected an anterior-posterior gradient in thickness and gray matter density and was uniquely related to diagnosis, whereas the other two, reflecting widespread cortical thickness and medial temporal lobe volume, respectively, also correlated significantly with age. Repeating the LICA decomposition and between-subject analysis on ADNI data, including 186 AD, 395 MCI and 220 age-matched healthy controls, revealed largely consistent brain patterns and clinical associations across samples. Classification results showed that multivariate LICA-derived brain characteristics could be used to predict AD and age with high accuracy (area under ROC curve up to 0.93 for classification of AD from controls). Comparison between classifiers based on feature ranking and feature selection suggests both common and unique feature sets implicated in AD and aging, and provides evidence of distinct age-related differences in early compared to late aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Andreas Engvig
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Krystal Zaske
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Karin Persson
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway; Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Memory Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martina Jonette Lund
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Aldo Cordova-Palomera
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Brækhus
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway; Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Memory Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Lage Barca
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway; Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Memory Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Knut Engedal
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway; Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Memory Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway; Centre for Old Age Psychiatric Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Doan NT, Kaufmann T, Bettella F, Jørgensen KN, Brandt CL, Moberget T, Alnæs D, Douaud G, Duff E, Djurovic S, Melle I, Ueland T, Agartz I, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Distinct multivariate brain morphological patterns and their added predictive value with cognitive and polygenic risk scores in mental disorders. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 15:719-731. [PMID: 28702349 PMCID: PMC5491456 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The brain underpinnings of schizophrenia and bipolar disorders are multidimensional, reflecting complex pathological processes and causal pathways, requiring multivariate techniques to disentangle. Furthermore, little is known about the complementary clinical value of brain structural phenotypes when combined with data on cognitive performance and genetic risk. Using data-driven fusion of cortical thickness, surface area, and gray matter density maps (GMD), we found six biologically meaningful patterns showing strong group effects, including four statistically independent multimodal patterns reflecting co-occurring alterations in thickness and GMD in patients, over and above two other independent patterns of widespread thickness and area reduction. Case-control classification using cognitive scores alone revealed high accuracy, and adding imaging features or polygenic risk scores increased performance, suggesting their complementary predictive value with cognitive scores being the most sensitive features. Multivariate pattern analyses reveal distinct patterns of brain morphology in mental disorders, provide insights on the relative importance between brain structure, cognitive and polygenetic risk score in classification of patients, and demonstrate the importance of multivariate approaches in studying the pathophysiological substrate of these complex disorders. Linked ICA showed six independent multivariate morphology patterns sensitive to SZ. Machine learning used to compare brain structure, cognitive and genetic scores. Cognition showed highest prediction of SZ, boosted by brain structure or genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Lycke Brandt
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Gwenaëlle Douaud
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eugene Duff
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torill Ueland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dissociable diffusion MRI patterns of white matter microstructure and connectivity in Alzheimer's disease spectrum. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45131. [PMID: 28338052 PMCID: PMC5364534 DOI: 10.1038/srep45131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent efforts using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have documented white matter (WM) alterations in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The full potential of whole-brain DTI, however, has not been fully exploited as studies have focused on individual microstructural indices independently. In patients with AD (n = 79), mild (MCI, n = 55) and subjective (SCI, n = 30) cognitive impairment, we applied linked independent component analysis (LICA) to model inter-subject variability across five complementary DTI measures (fractional anisotropy (FA), axial/radial/mean diffusivity, diffusion tensor mode), two crossing fiber measures estimated using a multi-compartment crossing-fiber model reflecting the volume fraction of the dominant (f1) and non-dominant (f2) diffusion orientation, and finally, connectivity density obtained from full-brain probabilistic tractography. The LICA component explaining the largest data variance was highly sensitive to disease severity (AD < MCI < SCI) and revealed widespread coordinated decreases in FA and f1 with increases in all diffusivity measures in AD. Additionally, it reflected regional coordinated decreases and increases in f2, mode and connectivity density, implicating bidirectional alterations of crossing fibers in the fornix, uncinate fasciculi, corpus callosum and major sensorimotor pathways. LICA yielded improved diagnostic classification performance compared to univariate region-of-interest features. Our results document coordinated WM microstructural and connectivity alterations in line with disease severity across the AD continuum.
Collapse
|
33
|
Structural brain imaging correlates of ASD and ADHD across the lifespan: a hypothesis-generating review on developmental ASD-ADHD subtypes. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 124:259-271. [PMID: 28000020 PMCID: PMC5285408 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1651-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesize that it is plausible that biologically distinct developmental ASD-ADHD subtypes are present, each characterized by a distinct time of onset of symptoms, progression and combination of symptoms. The aim of the present narrative review was to explore if structural brain imaging studies may shed light on key brain areas that are linked to both ASD and ADHD symptoms and undergo significant changes during development. These findings may possibly pinpoint to brain mechanisms underlying differential developmental ASD-ADHD subtypes. To this end we brought together the literature on ASD and ADHD structural brain imaging symptoms and particularly highlight the adolescent years and beyond. Findings indicate that the vast majority of existing MRI studies has been cross-sectional and conducted in children, and sometimes did include adolescents as well, but without explicitly documenting on this age group. MRI studies documenting on age effects in adults with ASD and/or ADHD are rare, and if age is taken into account, only linear effects are examined. Data from various studies suggest that a crucial distinctive feature underlying different developmental ASD-ADHD subtypes may be the differential developmental thinning patterns of the anterior cingulate cortex and related connections towards other prefrontal regions. These regions are crucial for the development of cognitive/effortful control and socio-emotional functioning, with impairments in these features as key to both ASD and ADHD.
Collapse
|