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Dong H, Tsai SY. Mitochondrial Properties in Skeletal Muscle Fiber. Cells 2023; 12:2183. [PMID: 37681915 PMCID: PMC10486962 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production and are implicated in a wide range of biological processes in most eukaryotic cells. Skeletal muscle heavily relies on mitochondria for energy supplements. In addition to being a powerhouse, mitochondria evoke many functions in skeletal muscle, including regulating calcium and reactive oxygen species levels. A healthy mitochondria population is necessary for the preservation of skeletal muscle homeostasis, while mitochondria dysregulation is linked to numerous myopathies. In this review, we summarize the recent studies on mitochondria function and quality control in skeletal muscle, focusing mainly on in vivo studies of rodents and human subjects. With an emphasis on the interplay between mitochondrial functions concerning the muscle fiber type-specific phenotypes, we also discuss the effect of aging and exercise on the remodeling of skeletal muscle and mitochondria properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Dong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Shih-Yin Tsai
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
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2
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Papadopoulos C, Malfatti E, Métay C, Keren B, Lejeune E, Buratti J, Xirou S, Chrysanthou-Piterou M, Papadimas GK. Deep Characterization of a Greek Patient with Desmin-Related Myofibrillar Myopathy and Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11181. [PMID: 37446359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmin is a class III intermediate filament protein highly expressed in cardiac, smooth and striated muscle. Autosomal dominant or recessive mutations in the desmin gene (DES) result in a variety of diseases, including cardiomyopathies and myofibrillar myopathy, collectively called desminopathies. Here we describe the clinical, histological and radiological features of a Greek patient with a myofibrillar myopathy and cardiomyopathy linked to the c.734A>G,p.(Glu245Gly) heterozygous variant in the DES gene. Moreover, through ribonucleic acid sequencing analysis in skeletal muscle we show that this variant provokes a defect in exon 3 splicing and thus should be considered clearly pathogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Papadopoulos
- First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ERN, EURO NMD, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Edoardo Malfatti
- Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Université Paris Est, U955 INSERM, EnvA, EFS, IMRB, F-94010 and APHP, Henri Mondor Hospital, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Métay
- APHP, Unité Fonctionnelle de Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- APHP, Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Génétique du Développement, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Elodie Lejeune
- APHP, Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Génétique du Développement, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Julien Buratti
- APHP, Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Génétique du Développement, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Sophia Xirou
- First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ERN, EURO NMD, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Chrysanthou-Piterou
- First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ERN, EURO NMD, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - George K Papadimas
- First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ERN, EURO NMD, 11528 Athens, Greece
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3
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Zhang B, Powers JD, McCulloch AD, Chi NC. Nuclear mechanosignaling in striated muscle diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1126111. [PMID: 36960155 PMCID: PMC10027932 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1126111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanosignaling describes processes by which biomechanical stimuli are transduced into cellular responses. External biophysical forces can be transmitted via structural protein networks that span from the cellular membrane to the cytoskeleton and the nucleus, where they can regulate gene expression through a series of biomechanical and/or biochemical mechanosensitive mechanisms, including chromatin remodeling, translocation of transcriptional regulators, and epigenetic factors. Striated muscle cells, including cardiac and skeletal muscle myocytes, utilize these nuclear mechanosignaling mechanisms to respond to changes in their intracellular and extracellular mechanical environment and mediate gene expression and cell remodeling. In this brief review, we highlight and discuss recent experimental work focused on the pathway of biomechanical stimulus propagation at the nucleus-cytoskeleton interface of striated muscles, and the mechanisms by which these pathways regulate gene regulation, muscle structure, and function. Furthermore, we discuss nuclear protein mutations that affect mechanosignaling function in human and animal models of cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, current open questions and future challenges in investigating striated muscle nuclear mechanosignaling are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Joseph D. Powers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Andrew D. McCulloch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Neil C. Chi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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4
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[Neuropathology I: muscular diseases]. PATHOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 44:104-112. [PMID: 36459202 PMCID: PMC9984347 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-022-01163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Muscle diseases include hereditary and acquired diseases with clinical manifestation in both childhood and adulthood. The different muscle diseases may have ultrastructural alterations that help us further understand the pathology of the disease. Specific changes in sarcomere structure help to classify a congenital myopathy. The detection of cellular aggregates supports the classification of myositis. Pathologically altered mitochondria, on the other hand, can occur both in genetic mitochondriopathies but also secondarily in acquired muscle diseases like myositis. Ultrastructural analysis of the myocardium is also helpful in the diagnosis of hereditary cardiomyopathies in childhood. This review article highlights the ultrastructural features of different muscle diseases and pathognomonic findings in specific disease groups.
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5
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Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria Dysfunction in Genetic Neuromuscular Disorders with Cardiac Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147349. [PMID: 34298968 PMCID: PMC8307986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered the major contributor to skeletal muscle wasting in different conditions. Genetically determined neuromuscular disorders occur as a result of mutations in the structural proteins of striated muscle cells and therefore are often combined with cardiac phenotype, which most often manifests as a cardiomyopathy. The specific roles played by mitochondria and mitochondrial energetic metabolism in skeletal muscle under muscle-wasting conditions in cardiomyopathies have not yet been investigated in detail, and this aspect of genetic muscle diseases remains poorly characterized. This review will highlight dysregulation of mitochondrial representation and bioenergetics in specific skeletal muscle disorders caused by mutations that disrupt the structural and functional integrity of muscle cells.
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6
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Integrated proteomic and transcriptomic profiling identifies aberrant gene and protein expression in the sarcomere, mitochondrial complex I, and the extracellular matrix in Warmblood horses with myofibrillar myopathy. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:438. [PMID: 34112090 PMCID: PMC8194174 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myofibrillar myopathy in humans causes protein aggregation, degeneration, and weakness of skeletal muscle. In horses, myofibrillar myopathy is a late-onset disease of unknown origin characterized by poor performance, atrophy, myofibrillar disarray, and desmin aggregation in skeletal muscle. This study evaluated molecular and ultrastructural signatures of myofibrillar myopathy in Warmblood horses through gluteal muscle tandem-mass-tag quantitative proteomics (5 affected, 4 control), mRNA-sequencing (8 affected, 8 control), amalgamated gene ontology analyses, and immunofluorescent and electron microscopy. Results We identified 93/1533 proteins and 47/27,690 genes that were significantly differentially expressed. The top significantly differentially expressed protein CSRP3 and three other differentially expressed proteins, including, PDLIM3, SYNPO2, and SYNPOL2, are integrally involved in Z-disc signaling, gene transcription and subsequently sarcomere integrity. Through immunofluorescent staining, both desmin aggregates and CSRP3 were localized to type 2A fibers. The highest differentially expressed gene CHAC1, whose protein product degrades glutathione, is associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. Amalgamated transcriptomic and proteomic gene ontology analyses identified 3 enriched cellular locations; the sarcomere (Z-disc & I-band), mitochondrial complex I and the extracellular matrix which corresponded to ultrastructural Z-disc disruption and mitochondrial cristae alterations found with electron microscopy. Conclusions A combined proteomic and transcriptomic analysis highlighted three enriched cellular locations that correspond with MFM ultrastructural pathology in Warmblood horses. Aberrant Z-disc mechano-signaling, impaired Z-disc stability, decreased mitochondrial complex I expression, and a pro-oxidative cellular environment are hypothesized to contribute to the development of myofibrillar myopathy in Warmblood horses. These molecular signatures may provide further insight into diagnostic biomarkers, treatments, and the underlying pathophysiology of MFM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07758-0.
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Schänzer A, Schumann E, Zengeler D, Gulatz L, Maroli G, Ahting U, Sprengel A, Gräf S, Hahn A, Jux C, Acker T, Fürst DO, Rupp S, Schuld J, van der Ven PFM. The p.Ala2430Val mutation in filamin C causes a "hypertrophic myofibrillar cardiomyopathy". J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2021; 42:381-397. [PMID: 33710525 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) often leads to heart failure. Mutations in sarcomeric proteins are most frequently the cause of HCM but in many patients the gene defect is not known. Here we report on a young man who was diagnosed with HCM shortly after birth. Whole exome sequencing revealed a mutation in the FLNC gene (c.7289C > T; p.Ala2430Val) that was previously shown to cause aggregation of the mutant protein in transfected cells. Myocardial tissue from patients with this mutation has not been analyzed before and thus, the underlying etiology is not well understood. Myocardial tissue of our patient obtained during myectomy at the age of 23 years was analyzed in detail by histochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, electron microscopy and western blot analysis. Cardiac histology showed a pathology typical for myofibrillar myopathy with myofibril disarray and abnormal protein aggregates containing BAG3, desmin, HSPB5 and filamin C. Analysis of sarcomeric and intercalated disc proteins showed focally reduced expression of the gap junction protein connexin43 and Xin-positive sarcomeric lesions in the cardiomyocytes of our patient. In addition, autophagy pathways were altered with upregulation of LC3-II, WIPI1 and HSPB5, 6, 7 and 8. We conclude that the p.Ala2430Val mutation in FLNC most probably is associated with HCM characterized by abnormal intercalated discs, disarray of myofibrils and aggregates containing Z-disc proteins similar to myofibrillar myopathy, which supports the pathological effect of the mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schänzer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Schumann
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Diana Zengeler
- Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics (CeGat) GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisann Gulatz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Giovanni Maroli
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Uwe Ahting
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Anke Sprengel
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Gräf
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Department of Child Neurology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Jux
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Till Acker
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dieter O Fürst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Rupp
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Julia Schuld
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter F M van der Ven
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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8
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Bouman K, Küsters B, De Winter JM, Gillet C, Van Kleef ESB, Eshuis L, Brochier G, Madelaine A, Labasse C, Boulogne C, Van Engelen BGM, Ottenheijm CAC, Romero NB, Voermans NC, Malfatti E. NEM6, KBTBD13-Related Congenital Myopathy: Myopathological Analysis in 18 Dutch Patients Reveals Ring Rods Fibers, Cores, Nuclear Clumps, and Granulo-Filamentous Protein Material. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 80:366-376. [PMID: 33693846 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy type 6 (NEM6), KBTBD13-related congenital myopathy is caused by mutated KBTBD13 protein that interacts improperly with thin filaments/actin, provoking impaired muscle-relaxation kinetics. We describe muscle morphology in 18 Dutch NEM6 patients and correlate it with clinical phenotype and pathophysiological mechanisms. Rods were found in in 85% of biopsies by light microscopy, and 89% by electron microscopy. A peculiar ring disposition of rods resulting in ring-rods fiber was observed. Cores were found in 79% of NEM6 biopsies by light microscopy, and 83% by electron microscopy. Electron microscopy also disclosed granulofilamentous protein material in 9 biopsies. Fiber type 1 predominance and prominent nuclear internalization were found. Rods were immunoreactive for α-actinin and myotilin. Areas surrounding the rods showed titin overexpression suggesting derangement of the surrounding sarcomeres. NEM6 myopathology hallmarks are prominent cores, rods including ring-rods fibers, nuclear clumps, and granulofilamentous protein material. This material might represent the histopathologic epiphenomenon of altered interaction between mutated KBTBD13 protein and thin filaments. We claim to classify KBTBD13-related congenital myopathy as rod-core myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn Bouman
- From the Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,U1179 UVSQ-INSERM Handicap Neuromusculaire: Physiologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologie appliquées, UFR Simone Veil-Santé, Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Benno Küsters
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Josine M De Winter
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VUmc, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia Gillet
- Cytometry/Electronic Microscopy/Light Microscopy Facility, Imagerie-Gif, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Esmee S B Van Kleef
- From the Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lilian Eshuis
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guy Brochier
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Angeline Madelaine
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Labasse
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Claire Boulogne
- Cytometry/Electronic Microscopy/Light Microscopy Facility, Imagerie-Gif, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Baziel G M Van Engelen
- From the Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Coen A C Ottenheijm
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VUmc, The Netherlands
| | - Norma B Romero
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Université Sorbonne, INSERM UMRS974, Center for Research in Myology, Centre de référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Nicol C Voermans
- From the Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Edoardo Malfatti
- U1179 UVSQ-INSERM Handicap Neuromusculaire: Physiologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologie appliquées, UFR Simone Veil-Santé, Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Paris-Saclay, France.,APHP, Department of Neurology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Garches, France
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9
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Savarese M, Sarparanta J, Vihola A, Jonson PH, Johari M, Rusanen S, Hackman P, Udd B. Panorama of the distal myopathies. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2020; 39:245-265. [PMID: 33458580 PMCID: PMC7783427 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Distal myopathies are genetic primary muscle disorders with a prominent weakness at onset in hands and/or feet. The age of onset (from early childhood to adulthood), the distribution of muscle weakness (upper versus lower limbs) and the histological findings (ranging from nonspecific myopathic changes to myofibrillar disarrays and rimmed vacuoles) are extremely variable. However, despite being characterized by a wide clinical and genetic heterogeneity, the distal myopathies are a category of muscular dystrophies: genetic diseases with progressive loss of muscle fibers. Myopathic congenital arthrogryposis is also a form of distal myopathy usually caused by focal amyoplasia. Massive parallel sequencing has further expanded the long list of genes associated with a distal myopathy, and contributed identifying as distal myopathy-causative rare variants in genes more often related with other skeletal or cardiac muscle diseases. Currently, almost 20 genes (ACTN2, CAV3, CRYAB, DNAJB6, DNM2, FLNC, HNRNPA1, HSPB8, KHLH9, LDB3, MATR3, MB, MYOT, PLIN4, TIA1, VCP, NOTCH2NLC, LRP12, GIPS1) have been associated with an autosomal dominant form of distal myopathy. Pathogenic changes in four genes (ADSSL, ANO5, DYSF, GNE) cause an autosomal recessive form; and disease-causing variants in five genes (DES, MYH7, NEB, RYR1 and TTN) result either in a dominant or in a recessive distal myopathy. Finally, a digenic mechanism, underlying a Welander-like form of distal myopathy, has been recently elucidated. Rare pathogenic mutations in SQSTM1, previously identified with a bone disease (Paget disease), unexpectedly cause a distal myopathy when combined with a common polymorphism in TIA1. The present review aims at describing the genetic basis of distal myopathy and at summarizing the clinical features of the different forms described so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Sarparanta
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Vihola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Genetics, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Per Harald Jonson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mridul Johari
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salla Rusanen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Hackman
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
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10
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Zaganas I, Mastorodemos V, Spilioti M, Mathioudakis L, Latsoudis H, Michaelidou K, Kotzamani D, Notas K, Dimitrakopoulos K, Skoula I, Ioannidis S, Klothaki E, Erimaki S, Stavropoulos G, Vassilikos V, Amoiridis G, Efthimiadis G, Evangeliou A, Mitsias P. Genetic cause of heterogeneous inherited myopathies in a cohort of Greek patients. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 25:100682. [PMID: 33304817 PMCID: PMC7711282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited muscle disorders are caused by pathogenic changes in numerous genes. Herein, we aimed to investigate the etiology of muscle disease in 24 consecutive Greek patients with myopathy suspected to be genetic in origin, based on clinical presentation and laboratory and electrophysiological findings and absence of known acquired causes of myopathy. Of these, 16 patients (8 females, median 24 years-old, range 7 to 67 years-old) were diagnosed by Whole Exome Sequencing as suffering from a specific type of inherited muscle disorder. Specifically, we have identified causative variants in 6 limb-girdle muscular dystrophy genes (6 patients; ANO5, CAPN3, DYSF, ISPD, LAMA2, SGCA), 3 metabolic myopathy genes (4 patients; CPT2, ETFDH, GAA), 1 congenital myotonia gene (1 patient; CLCN1), 1 mitochondrial myopathy gene (1 patient; MT-TE) and 3 other myopathy-associated genes (4 patients; CAV3, LMNA, MYOT). In 6 additional family members affected by myopathy, we reached genetic diagnosis following identification of a causative variant in an index patient. In our patients, genetic diagnosis ended a lengthy diagnostic process and, in the case of Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and Pompe's disease, it enabled specific treatment to be initiated. These results further expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of inherited myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Zaganas
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Neurology Department, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Martha Spilioti
- AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lambros Mathioudakis
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Helen Latsoudis
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kleita Michaelidou
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitra Kotzamani
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Notas
- AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Irene Skoula
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Stefanos Ioannidis
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Klothaki
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Sophia Erimaki
- Neurophysiology Unit, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Stavropoulos
- Hippokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Vassilikos
- Hippokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Amoiridis
- Neurophysiology Unit, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Efthimiadis
- AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Evangeliou
- Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Mitsias
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Neurophysiology Unit, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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11
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Cassandrini D, Merlini L, Pilla F, Cenni V, Santi S, Faldini C, Santorelli FM, Sabatelli P. Protein aggregates and autophagy involvement in a family with a mutation in Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ-motif protein. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 31:44-51. [PMID: 33308939 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ-motif protein (ZASP) is a sarcomeric component expressed both in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Mutations in the LDB3/ZASP gene cause cardiomyopathy and myofibrillar myopathy. We describe a c.76C>T / p.[Pro26Ser] mutation in the PDZ motif of LDB3/ZASP in two siblings exhibiting late-onset myopathy with axial, proximal and distal muscles involvement and marked variability in clinical severity in the absence of a significant family history for neuromuscular disorders. Notably, we identified involvement of the psoas muscle on MRI and muscle CT, a feature not previously documented. Proband's muscle biopsy showed an increase of ZASP expression by western blotting. Muscle fibres morphological features included peculiar sarcolemmal invaginations, pathological aggregates positive to ZASP, ubiquitin, p62 and LC3 antibodies, and the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, suggesting that protein aggregate formation and autophagy are involved in this additional case of zaspopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Cassandrini
- Molecular Medicine- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris- via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luciano Merlini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Ugo Foscolo 7, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Pilla
- 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Pupilli 1, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cenni
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"-Unit of Bologna, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Spartaco Santi
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"-Unit of Bologna, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Pupilli 1, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Filippo M Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris- via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"-Unit of Bologna, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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12
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Mair D, Biskup S, Kress W, Abicht A, Brück W, Zechel S, Knop KC, Koenig FB, Tey S, Nikolin S, Eggermann K, Kurth I, Ferbert A, Weis J. Differential diagnosis of vacuolar myopathies in the NGS era. Brain Pathol 2020; 30:877-896. [PMID: 32419263 PMCID: PMC8017999 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered autophagy accompanied by abnormal autophagic (rimmed) vacuoles detectable by light and electron microscopy is a common denominator of many familial and sporadic non-inflammatory muscle diseases. Even in the era of next generation sequencing (NGS), late-onset vacuolar myopathies remain a diagnostic challenge. We identified 32 adult vacuolar myopathy patients from 30 unrelated families, studied their clinical, histopathological and ultrastructural characteristics and performed genetic testing in index patients and relatives using Sanger sequencing and NGS including whole exome sequencing (WES). We established a molecular genetic diagnosis in 17 patients. Pathogenic mutations were found in genes typically linked to vacuolar myopathy (GNE, LDB3/ZASP, MYOT, DES and GAA), but also in genes not regularly associated with severely altered autophagy (FKRP, DYSF, CAV3, COL6A2, GYG1 and TRIM32) and in the digenic facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 2. Characteristic histopathological features including distinct patterns of myofibrillar disarray and evidence of exocytosis proved to be helpful to distinguish causes of vacuolar myopathies. Biopsy validated the pathogenicity of the novel mutations p.(Phe55*) and p.(Arg216*) in GYG1 and of the p.(Leu156Pro) TRIM32 mutation combined with compound heterozygous deletion of exon 2 of TRIM32 and expanded the phenotype of Ala93Thr-caveolinopathy and of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2i caused by FKRP mutation. In 15 patients no causal variants were detected by Sanger sequencing and NGS panel analysis. In 12 of these cases, WES was performed, but did not yield any definite mutation or likely candidate gene. In one of these patients with a family history of muscle weakness, the vacuolar myopathy was eventually linked to chloroquine therapy. Our study illustrates the wide phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity of vacuolar myopathies and validates the role of histopathology in assessing the pathogenicity of novel mutations detected by NGS. In a sizable portion of vacuolar myopathy cases, it remains to be shown whether the cause is hereditary or degenerative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Mair
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Kassel School of Medicine, Klinikum Kassel, Kassel, Germany.,University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Saskia Biskup
- Centre for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfram Kress
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Brück
- Institute of Neuropathology, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Zechel
- Institute of Neuropathology, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Shelisa Tey
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Nikolin
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katja Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ferbert
- Department of Neurology, Kassel School of Medicine, Klinikum Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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13
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Neuromuscular Diseases Due to Chaperone Mutations: A Review and Some New Results. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041409. [PMID: 32093037 PMCID: PMC7073051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and the nervous system depend on efficient protein quality control, and they express chaperones and cochaperones at high levels to maintain protein homeostasis. Mutations in many of these proteins cause neuromuscular diseases, myopathies, and hereditary motor and sensorimotor neuropathies. In this review, we cover mutations in DNAJB6, DNAJB2, αB-crystallin (CRYAB, HSPB5), HSPB1, HSPB3, HSPB8, and BAG3, and discuss the molecular mechanisms by which they cause neuromuscular disease. In addition, previously unpublished results are presented, showing downstream effects of BAG3 p.P209L on DNAJB6 turnover and localization.
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14
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A novel phenotype with splicing mutation identified in a Chinese family with desminopathy. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 132:127-134. [PMID: 30614851 PMCID: PMC6365268 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desminopathy, a hereditary myofibrillar myopathy, mainly results from the desmin gene (DES) mutations. Desminopathy involves various phenotypes, mainly including different cardiomyopathies, skeletal myopathy, and arrhythmia. Combined with genotype, it helps us precisely diagnose and treat for desminopathy. METHODS Sanger sequencing was used to characterize DES variation, and then a minigene assay was used to verify the effect of splice-site mutation on pre-mRNA splicing. Phenotypes were analyzed based on clinical characteristics associated with desminopathy. RESULTS A splicing mutation (c.735+1G>T) in DES was detected in the proband. A minigene assay revealed skipping of the whole exon 3 and transcription of abnormal pre-mRNA lacking 32 codons. Another affected family member who carried the identical mutation, was identified with a novel phenotype of desminopathy, non-compaction of ventricular myocardium. There were 2 different phenotypes varied in cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy among the 2 patients, but no significant correlation between genotype and phenotype was identified. CONCLUSIONS We reported a novel phenotype with a splicing mutation in DES, enlarging the spectrum of phenotype in desminopathy. Molecular studies of desminopathy should promote our understanding of its pathogenesis and provide a precise molecular diagnosis of this disorder, facilitating clinical prevention and treatment at an early stage.
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Pinto MM, Monges S, Malfatti E, Lubieniecki F, Lornage X, Alias L, Labasse C, Madelaine A, Fardeau M, Laporte J, Tizzano EF, Romero NB. Sarcomeric disorganization and nemaline bodies in muscle biopsies of patients with EXOSC3-related type 1 pontocerebellar hypoplasia. Muscle Nerve 2018; 59:137-141. [PMID: 30025162 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in the EXOSC3 gene are responsible for type 1 pontocerebellar hypoplasia, an autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by cerebellar atrophy, developmental delay, and anterior horn motor neuron degeneration. Muscle biopsies of these patients often show characteristics resembling classic spinal muscle atrophy, but to date, no distinct features have been identified. METHODS Clinical data and muscle biopsy findings of 3 unrelated patients with EXOSC3 mutations are described. RESULTS All patients presented as a severe congenital cognitive and neuromuscular phenotype with short survival, harboring the same point mutation (c.92G>C; p.Gly31Ala). Muscle biopsies consistently showed variable degrees of sarcomeric disorganization with myofibrillar remnants, Z-line thickening, and small nemaline bodies. CONCLUSIONS In this uniform genetic cohort of patients with EXOSC3 mutations, sarcomeric disruption and rod structures were prominent features of muscle biopsies. In the context of neonatal hypotonia, ultrastructural studies might provide early clues for the diagnosis of EXOSC3-related pontocerebellar hypoplasia. Muscle Nerve 59:137-141, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel M Pinto
- Neurology Department, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Soledad Monges
- Neuropediatric and Neuropathology Departments, National Pediatric Hospital J-P-Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edoardo Malfatti
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR 974, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Fabiana Lubieniecki
- Neuropediatric and Neuropathology Departments, National Pediatric Hospital J-P-Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Xavière Lornage
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Laura Alias
- Department of Genetics, Hospital Sant Pau and CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clémence Labasse
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR 974, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Angéline Madelaine
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR 974, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Michel Fardeau
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR 974, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Eduardo F Tizzano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics and Rare Diseases Division, Hospital Vall d'Hebron and CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Norma B Romero
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR 974, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
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16
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Carvalho AADS, Lacene E, Brochier G, Labasse C, Madelaine A, Silva VGD, Corazzini R, Papadopoulos K, Behin A, Laforêt P, Stojkovic T, Eymard B, Fardeau M, Romero N. Genetic Mutations and Demographic, Clinical, and Morphological Aspects of Myofibrillar Myopathy in a French Cohort. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:374-383. [PMID: 29924655 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein aggregate myopathies (PAM) represent a group of familial or sporadic neuromuscular conditions with marked clinical and genetic heterogeneity that occur in children and adults. Familial PAM includes myofibrillar myopathies defined by the presence of desmin-positive protein aggregates and degenerative intermyofibrillar network changes. PAM is often caused by dysfunctional genes, such as DES, PLEC 1, CRYAB, FLNC, MYOT, ZASP, BAG3, FHL1, and DNAJB6. OBJECTIVE To retrospectively analyze genetic mutations and demographic, clinical, and morphological aspects of PAM in a French population. METHODS Forty-eight PAM patients (29 men, 19 women) were divided into two groups, those with genetically (GIM) and nongenetically identified (NGIM) mutations associated with myofibrillar myopathy. RESULTS Age of myopathy onset ranged from 13 to 68 years. GIM group mutations (81.25%) included DES (14), ZASP (8), FLNC (4), MYOT (4), BAG3 (1), CRYAB (2), and DNAJB6 (6). The MYOT subgroup displayed a significantly older onset age (p = 0.029). Autosomal dominant inheritance was found in 74.3% of GIM and 44.4% of NGIM subjects. Overall, 22.9% had Maghrebian heritage, 72.9% Caucasian, and 4.2% Asian. The most common clinical sign was distal muscle weakness (66%) followed by simultaneous distal and proximal weakness in 49%. Eleven patients had contractures, one had a rigid spine, and five had respiratory dysfunction. GIM subjects had greater cardiac involvement (51.7%) versus the NGIM group (33.3%). The average serum creatine kinase level was 393 U/L in GIM and 382 U/L in NGIM subjects. Morphological analysis showed significant differences among GIM subgroups, including the number of vacuoles and regenerated fibers (ZASP), group atrophy (ZASP), and rubbed out fibers (MYOT). Ultrastructural findings showed significant differences in intranuclear rods, Z-disc thickness, and intranuclear inclusions between gene mutation subgroups. Paracrystalline inclusions were present in three patients (DNAJB6). The most frequent mutation in was in DES, followed by ZASP. CONCLUSIONS GIM and NGIM PAM subjects showed similar results, suggesting that any unknown genes, which cause this disease have characteristics similar to those already described. Considering the complexity of clinical, morphological, and genetic data related to PAM, particularly myofibrillar myopathies, physicians should be careful when diagnosing patients with sporadic PAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzira Alves de Siqueira Carvalho
- 1 Laboratório de Doenças Neuromusculares da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC , Departamento de Neurociências, Santo André, Brazil .,2 Laboratoire de Pathologie Musculaire Risler, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris, France
| | - Emmanuele Lacene
- 2 Laboratoire de Pathologie Musculaire Risler, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris, France
| | - Guy Brochier
- 2 Laboratoire de Pathologie Musculaire Risler, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris, France
| | - Clémance Labasse
- 2 Laboratoire de Pathologie Musculaire Risler, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris, France
| | - Angeline Madelaine
- 2 Laboratoire de Pathologie Musculaire Risler, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris, France
| | - Vinicius Gomes da Silva
- 3 Laboratório de Doenças Neuromusculares da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC , Departamento de Neurociências, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Roseli Corazzini
- 3 Laboratório de Doenças Neuromusculares da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC , Departamento de Neurociências, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Konstantinos Papadopoulos
- 4 Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Behin
- 4 Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Laforêt
- 4 Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Tania Stojkovic
- 4 Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Eymard
- 4 Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Michel Fardeau
- 2 Laboratoire de Pathologie Musculaire Risler, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris, France
| | - Norma Romero
- 2 Laboratoire de Pathologie Musculaire Risler, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris, France
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17
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Schänzer A, Rupp S, Gräf S, Zengeler D, Jux C, Akintürk H, Gulatz L, Mazhari N, Acker T, Van Coster R, Garvalov BK, Hahn A. Dysregulated autophagy in restrictive cardiomyopathy due to Pro209Leu mutation in BAG3. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 123:388-399. [PMID: 29338979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myofibrillary myopathies (MFM) are hereditary myopathies histologically characterized by degeneration of myofibrils and aggregation of proteins in striated muscle. Cardiomyopathy is common in MFM but the pathophysiological mechanisms are not well understood. The BAG3-Pro209Leu mutation is associated with early onset MFM and severe restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM), often necessitating heart transplantation during childhood. We report on a young male patient with a BAG3-Pro209Leu mutation who underwent heart transplantation at eight years of age. Detailed morphological analyses of the explanted heart tissue showed intracytoplasmic inclusions, aggregation of BAG3 and desmin, disintegration of myofibers and Z-disk alterations. The presence of undegraded autophagosomes, seen by electron microscopy, as well as increased levels of p62, LC3-I and WIPI1, detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses, indicated a dysregulation of autophagy. Parkin and PINK1, proteins involved in mitophagy, were slightly increased whereas mitochondrial OXPHOS activities were not altered. These findings indicate that altered autophagy plays a role in the pathogenesis and rapid progression of RCM in MFM caused by the BAG3-Pro209Leu mutation, which could have implications for future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schänzer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - S Rupp
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - S Gräf
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - D Zengeler
- Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics (CeGat) GmbH, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - C Jux
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - H Akintürk
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - L Gulatz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - N Mazhari
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - T Acker
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - R Van Coster
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Gent, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - B K Garvalov
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Department of Microvascular Biology and Pathobiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Hahn
- Department of Child Neurology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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18
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Bouhy D, Juneja M, Katona I, Holmgren A, Asselbergh B, De Winter V, Hochepied T, Goossens S, Haigh JJ, Libert C, Ceuterick-de Groote C, Irobi J, Weis J, Timmerman V. A knock-in/knock-out mouse model of HSPB8-associated distal hereditary motor neuropathy and myopathy reveals toxic gain-of-function of mutant Hspb8. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:131-148. [PMID: 28780615 PMCID: PMC5756276 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the small heat shock protein B8 gene (HSPB8/HSP22) have been associated with distal hereditary motor neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and recently distal myopathy. It is so far not clear how mutant HSPB8 induces the neuronal and muscular phenotypes and if a common pathogenesis lies behind these diseases. Growing evidence points towards a role of HSPB8 in chaperone-associated autophagy, which has been shown to be a determinant for the clearance of poly-glutamine aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases but also for the maintenance of skeletal muscle myofibrils. To test this hypothesis and better dissect the pathomechanism of mutant HSPB8, we generated a new transgenic mouse model leading to the expression of the mutant protein (knock-in lines) or the loss-of-function (functional knock-out lines) of the endogenous protein Hspb8. While the homozygous knock-in mice developed motor deficits associated with degeneration of peripheral nerves and severe muscle atrophy corroborating patient data, homozygous knock-out mice had locomotor performances equivalent to those of wild-type animals. The distal skeletal muscles of the post-symptomatic homozygous knock-in displayed Z-disk disorganisation, granulofilamentous material accumulation along with Hspb8, αB-crystallin (HSPB5/CRYAB), and desmin aggregates. The presence of the aggregates correlated with reduced markers of effective autophagy. The sciatic nerve of the homozygous knock-in mice was characterized by low autophagy potential in pre-symptomatic and Hspb8 aggregates in post-symptomatic animals. On the other hand, the sciatic nerve of the homozygous knock-out mice presented a normal morphology and their distal muscle displayed accumulation of abnormal mitochondria but intact myofiber and Z-line organisation. Our data, therefore, suggest that toxic gain-of-function of mutant Hspb8 aggregates is a major contributor to the peripheral neuropathy and the myopathy. In addition, mutant Hspb8 induces impairments in autophagy that may aggravate the phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Bouhy
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Manisha Juneja
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Istvan Katona
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Holmgren
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Bob Asselbergh
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Vicky De Winter
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Tino Hochepied
- Transgenic Mouse Core Facility, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Steven Goossens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jody J Haigh
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Mammalian Functional Genetics Laboratory, Division of Blood Cancers, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Chantal Ceuterick-de Groote
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge and Translational Neurosciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Joy Irobi
- Neurofunctional Genomics, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University/Transnational University Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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19
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Valberg SJ, Nicholson AM, Lewis SS, Reardon RA, Finno CJ. Clinical and histopathological features of myofibrillar myopathy in Warmblood horses. Equine Vet J 2017; 49:739-745. [PMID: 28543538 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To report a novel exertional myopathy, myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) in Warmblood (WB) horses. OBJECTIVES To 1) describe the distinctive clinical and myopathic features of MFM in Warmblood horses and 2) investigate the potential inheritance of MFM in a Warmblood family. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective selection of MFM cases and prospective evaluation of a Warmblood family. METHODS Retrospectively, muscle biopsies were selected from Warmblood horses diagnosed with MFM and clinical histories obtained (n = 10). Prospectively, muscle biopsies were obtained from controls (n = 8) and a three generation WB family (n = 11). Samples were assessed for histopathology [scored 0-3], fibre types, cytoskeletal and Z disc protein aggregates, electron microscopic alterations (EM) and muscle glycogen concentrations. RESULTS Myofibrillar myopathy-affected cases experienced exercise intolerance, reluctance to go forward, stiffness and poorly localised lameness. Abnormal aggregates of the cytoskeletal protein desmin were found in up to 120 type 2a and a few type 2x myofibres of MFM cases. Desmin positive fibres did not stain for developmental myosin, α actinin or dystrophin. Scores for internalised myonuclei (score MFM 0.83 ± 0.67, controls 0.22 ± 0.45), anguloid atrophy (MFM 0.95 ± 0.55, controls 0.31 ± 0.37) and total myopathic scores (MFM 5.85 ± 2.10, controls 1.41 ± 2.17) were significantly higher in MFM cases vs. CONTROLS Focal Z disc degeneration, myofibrillar disruption and accumulation of irregular granular material was evident in MFM cases. Muscle glycogen concentrations were similar between MFM cases and controls. In the Warmblood family, desmin positive aggregates were found in myofibres of the founding dam and in horses from two subsequent generations. MAIN LIMITATIONS Restricted sample size due to limited availability of well phenotyped cases. CONCLUSIONS A distinctive and potentially heritable form of MFM exists in Warmblood horses that present with exercise intolerance and abnormal hindlimb gait. Muscle tissue is characterised by ectopic accumulation of desmin and Z disc and myofibrillar degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Valberg
- McPhail Equine Performance Center, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - A M Nicholson
- Wilhite & Frees Equine Hospital, Peculiar, Missouri, USA
| | - S S Lewis
- Hagyard Equine Medical Institute, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - R A Reardon
- West End Equine Veterinary Services, Inc., Delano, Minnesota, USA
| | - C J Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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20
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Watts NR, Zhuang X, Kaufman JD, Palmer IW, Dearborn AD, Coscia S, Blech-Hermoni Y, Alfano C, Pastore A, Mankodi A, Wingfield PT. Expression and Purification of ZASP Subdomains and Clinically Important Isoforms: High-Affinity Binding to G-Actin. Biochemistry 2017; 56:2061-2070. [PMID: 28349680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Z-disc-associated, alternatively spliced, PDZ motif-containing protein (ZASP) is a principal component of the sarcomere. The three prevalent isoforms of ZASP in skeletal muscle are generated by alternative splicing of exons 9 and 10. The long isoforms, either having (ZASP-L) or lacking exon 10 (ZASP-LΔex10), include an N-terminal PDZ domain, an actin-binding region (ABR) with a conserved motif (ZM), and three C-terminal LIM domains. The short isoform (ZASP-S) lacks the LIM domains. Mutations, A147T and A165V, within the ZM of ZASP-LΔex10 cause myofibrillar myopathy, but the mechanism is unknown. We have prepared these proteins, their ABR, and the respective mutant variants in recombinant form, characterized them biophysically, and analyzed their actin-binding properties by surface plasmon resonance and electron microscopy. All the proteins were physically homogeneous and monomeric and had circular dichroic spectra consistent with partially folded conformations. Comparison of the NMR HSQC spectra of ZASP-S and the PDZ domain showed that the ABR is unstructured. ZASP-S and its mutant variants and ZASP-LΔex10 all bound to immobilized G-actin with high affinity (Kd ≈ 10-8 to 10-9 M). Constructs of the isolated actin-binding region missing exon 10 (ABRΔ10) bound with lower affinity (Kd ≈ 10-7 M), but those retaining exon 10 (ABR+10) did so only weakly (Kd ≈ 10-5 M). ZASP-S, and the ABRΔ10, also induced F-actin and array formation, even in conditions of low ionic strength and in the absence of KCl and Mg2+ ions. Interestingly, the ZM mutations A147T and A165V did not affect any of the results described above.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Caterina Alfano
- Department of Clinical and Basic Neuroscience, King's College London , London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Pastore
- Department of Clinical and Basic Neuroscience, King's College London , London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
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21
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Fardeau M, Rouche A, Vassilopoulos S, Romero NB. [About the technique of muscle biopsy (III). The contribution of elctron microscopy, yesterday, and at the time of the molecular genetics era. A historical overview]. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32 Hors série n°2:6-9. [PMID: 27869068 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/201632s202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Fardeau
- Professeur honoraire au CNAM, Fondateur de la Société Française de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Andrée Rouche
- Plate-forme Imagerie Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, U975 Inserm, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Vassilopoulos
- Centre de Recherche/Institut de Myologie, UMRS 974 UPMC-Inserm, FRE 3617 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Norma B Romero
- Unité de morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, UPMC Paris 6, UM74, Inserm UMRS 974, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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- Institut de Myologie, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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22
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Myofibrillar and distal myopathies. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2016; 172:587-593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Zheng J, Chen S, Chen Y, Zhu M, Hong D. A novel mutation in the PDZ-like motif of ZASP causes distal ZASP-related myofibrillar myopathy. Neuropathology 2016; 37:45-51. [PMID: 27546599 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the LDB3 gene have been identified in patients with Z-disc-associated, alternatively spliced, PDZ motif-containing protein (ZASP)-related myofibrillar myopathy (ZASP-MFM) characterized by late-onset distal myopathy with signs of cardiomyopathy and neuropathy. We describe an autosomal dominant inherited pedigree with ZASP-MFM that is in line with the typical phenotype of distal myopathy without cardiomyopathy and neuropathy, while mild asymmetrical muscle atrophy can be observed in some affected members. Muscle MRI revealed considerable fatty degeneration involved in the posterior compartment of thigh and lower leg, but relatively preserved in rectus femoris, sartorius, gracilis, adductor longus and biceps femoris breve muscles in the later stage. In addition, fatty infiltration of medial gastrocnemius muscle can be initiated as early as in the third decade in asymptomatic individuals. Myopathological features showed sarcoplasmic accumulation of multiple protein deposits and electron dense filamentous bundle aggregates. A novel heterozygous missense mutation (p.N155H) in a highly conserved PDZ-like motif of ZASP was identified. The results indicate that typical ZASP-MFM presenting with late-onset distal myopathy is commonly associated with mutations in PDZ-like motif of ZASP. The development of fatty degeneration is consistent with the typical pattern of ZASP-MFM, and the initial fatty infiltration might be started from medial gastrocnemius muscle. Our study expands the clinical and mutational spectrum of ZASP-MFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuyun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yunqing Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Daojun Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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24
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Vincent AE, Grady JP, Rocha MC, Alston CL, Rygiel KA, Barresi R, Taylor RW, Turnbull DM. Mitochondrial dysfunction in myofibrillar myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2016; 26:691-701. [PMID: 27618136 PMCID: PMC5066370 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Clonally expanded mtDNA deletions were found in a small number of patient fibres. Complex I and IV deficiency is higher than in control muscle. Mitochondrial mass is significantly reduced in patients relative to controls. No relationship between MFM protein aggregates and reduced mitochondrial mass. Negative correlations was detected between mitochondrial mass and muscle fibre area.
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFM) are characterised by focal myofibrillar destruction and accumulation of myofibrillar elements as protein aggregates. They are caused by mutations in the DES, MYOT, CRYAB, FLNC, BAG3, DNAJB6 and ZASP genes as well as other as yet unidentified genes. Previous studies have reported changes in mitochondrial morphology and cellular positioning, as well as clonally-expanded, large-scale mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions and focal respiratory chain deficiency in muscle of MFM patients. Here we examine skeletal muscle from patients with desmin (n = 6), ZASP (n = 1) and myotilin (n = 2) mutations and MFM protein aggregates, to understand how mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the underlying mechanisms causing disease pathology. We have used a validated quantitative immunofluorescent assay to study respiratory chain protein levels, together with oxidative enzyme histochemistry and single cell mitochondrial DNA analysis, to examine mitochondrial changes. Results demonstrate a small number of clonally-expanded mitochondrial DNA deletions, which we conclude are due to both ageing and disease pathology. Further to this we report higher levels of respiratory chain complex I and IV deficiency compared to age matched controls, although overall levels of respiratory deficient muscle fibres in patient biopsies are low. More strikingly, a significantly higher percentage of myofibrillar myopathy patient muscle fibres have a low mitochondrial mass compared to controls. We concluded this is mechanistically unrelated to desmin and myotilin protein aggregates; however, correlation between mitochondrial mass and muscle fibre area is found. We suggest this may be due to reduced mitochondrial biogenesis in combination with muscle fibre hypertrophy.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adult
- Aged
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Connectin/genetics
- DNA, Mitochondrial
- Desmin/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- LIM Domain Proteins/genetics
- Male
- Microfilament Proteins
- Middle Aged
- Mitochondria/genetics
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Mutation
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/genetics
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/metabolism
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/pathology
- Ribonucleotide Reductases/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Vincent
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - John P Grady
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Mariana C Rocha
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Karolina A Rygiel
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Rita Barresi
- Rare Diseases Advisory Group Service for Neuromuscular Diseases, Muscle Immunoanalysis Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AZ, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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25
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Egorova IF, Penyaeva EV, Bockeria LA. [Altered Z-disks of myofibrils in the cardiomyocytes from patients with Ebstein's anomaly]. Arkh Patol 2016; 77:3-8. [PMID: 26841643 DOI: 10.17116/patol20157763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of the study was to examine the peculiarities of the changes in Z-bands of myofibrils in the cardiomyocytes from patients with Ebstein's anomaly. MATERIAL AND METHODS Electron microscopy assay of intraoperative biopsies of the right heart chambers in 41 patients aged from 9 months to 57 years was performed. RESULTS Some patients exhibited Z-disk alterations of two types in individual cardiomyocytes, namely: local symmetrical bead-like expansions of Z-disks or longitudinal deposits of Z-material of different lengths along the myofibrils. Z-disk alterations were more common in atrial cardiomyocytes than in the ventricle. The presence of Z-disk alterations in the cardiomyocytes correlated with a number of clinical parameters. In particular, the occurrence of longitudinal deposits of Z-material in atrial cardiomyocytes directly correlated with the manifestation of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in the patients. CONCLUSIONS Above characteristic ultrastructural changes in Z-bands of myofibrils in the cardiomyocytes from patients with Ebstein's anomaly have a certain similarity to Z-band diseases in skeletal muscle at sarcomeric protein gene mutations described in the literature, which suggests the mutations in the genes of proteins included in Z-bands of myofibrils in the cardiomyocytes from patients with Ebstein's anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- I F Egorova
- A.N. Bakulev Scientific Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow
| | - E V Penyaeva
- A.N. Bakulev Scientific Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow
| | - L A Bockeria
- A.N. Bakulev Scientific Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow
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26
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Sandell S, Huovinen S, Palmio J, Raheem O, Lindfors M, Zhao F, Haapasalo H, Udd B. Diagnostically important muscle pathology in DNAJB6 mutated LGMD1D. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2016; 4:9. [PMID: 26847086 PMCID: PMC4743201 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-016-0276-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Limb girdle muscular dystrophies are a large group of both dominantly and recessively inherited muscle diseases. LGMD1D is caused by mutated DNAJB6 and the molecular pathogenesis is mediated by defective chaperonal function leading to impaired handling of misfolded proteins which normally would be degraded. Here we aim to clarify muscle pathology of LGMD1D in order to facilitate diagnostic accuracy. After following six Finnish LGMD1D families, we analysed 21 muscle biopsies obtained from 15 patients at different time points after the onset of symptoms. All biopsies were obtained from the lower limb muscles and processed for routine histochemistry, extensive immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Results Histopathological findings were myopathic or dystrophic combined with rimmed vacuolar pathology, and small myofibrillar aggregates. These myofibrillar inclusions contained abnormal accumulation of a number of proteins such as myotilin, αB-crystallin and desmin on immunohistochemistry, and showed extensive myofibrillar disorganization with excess of Z-disk material on ultrastructure. Later in the disease process the rimmed vacuolar pathology dominated with rare cases of pronounced larger pleomorphic myofibrillar aggregates. The rimmed vacuoles were reactive for several markers of defect autophagy such as ubiquitin, TDP-43, p62 and SMI-31. Conclusions Since DNAJB6 is known to interact with members of the chaperone assisted selective autophagy complex (CASA), including BAG3 – a known myofibrillar myopathy causing gene, the molecular muscle pathology is apparently mediated through impaired functions of CASA and possibly other complexes needed for the maintenance of the Z-disk and sarcomeric structures. The corresponding findings on histopathology offer clues for the diagnosis.
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27
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Béhin A, Salort-Campana E, Wahbi K, Richard P, Carlier RY, Carlier P, Laforêt P, Stojkovic T, Maisonobe T, Verschueren A, Franques J, Attarian S, Maues de Paula A, Figarella-Branger D, Bécane HM, Nelson I, Duboc D, Bonne G, Vicart P, Udd B, Romero N, Pouget J, Eymard B. Myofibrillar myopathies: State of the art, present and future challenges. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2015; 171:715-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Jackson S, Schaefer J, Meinhardt M, Reichmann H. Mitochondrial abnormalities in the myofibrillar myopathies. Eur J Neurol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jackson
- Department of Neurology; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - J. Schaefer
- Department of Neurology; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - M. Meinhardt
- Department of Pathology; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - H. Reichmann
- Department of Neurology; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
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29
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Bührdel JB, Hirth S, Kessler M, Westphal S, Forster M, Manta L, Wiche G, Schoser B, Schessl J, Schröder R, Clemen CS, Eichinger L, Fürst DO, van der Ven PFM, Rottbauer W, Just S. In vivo characterization of human myofibrillar myopathy genes in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 461:217-23. [PMID: 25866181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFM) are progressive diseases of human heart and skeletal muscle with a severe impact on life quality and expectancy of affected patients. Although recently several disease genes for myofibrillar myopathies could be identified, today most genetic causes and particularly the associated mechanisms and signaling events that lead from the mutation to the disease phenotype are still mostly unknown. To assess whether the zebrafish is a suitable model system to validate MFM candidate genes using targeted antisense-mediated knock-down strategies, we here specifically inactivated known human MFM disease genes and evaluated the resulting muscular and cardiac phenotypes functionally and structurally. Consistently, targeted ablation of MFM genes in zebrafish led to compromised skeletal muscle function mostly due to myofibrillar degeneration as well as severe heart failure. Similar to what was shown in MFM patients, MFM gene-deficient zebrafish showed pronounced gene-specific phenotypic and structural differences. In summary, our results indicate that the zebrafish is a suitable model to functionally and structurally evaluate novel MFM disease genes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Bührdel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sofia Hirth
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mirjam Kessler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sören Westphal
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Monika Forster
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Linda Manta
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Schessl
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- Institute for Biochemistry I, University of Cologne, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- Institute for Biochemistry I, University of Cologne, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Dieter O Fürst
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Rottbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Steffen Just
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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30
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Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) is a relatively newly recognized genetic disease that leads to progressive muscle deterioration. MFM has a varied phenotypic presentation and impacts cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscles. Affected individuals are at increased risk of respiratory failure, significant cardiac conduction abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, and sudden cardiac death. In addition, significant skeletal muscle involvement is common, which may lead to contractures, respiratory insufficiency, and airway compromise as the disease progresses. This study is the first report of anesthetic management of a patient with MFM. We report multiple anesthetic encounters of a child with genetically confirmed BAG3-myopathy, a subtype of MFM with severe childhood disease onset. A review of the anesthetic implications of the disease is provided, with specific exploration of possible susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, and sensitivity to other anesthetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Latham
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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31
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Hnia K, Ramspacher C, Vermot J, Laporte J. Desmin in muscle and associated diseases: beyond the structural function. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 360:591-608. [PMID: 25358400 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Desmin is a muscle-specific type III intermediate filament essential for proper muscular structure and function. In human, mutations affecting desmin expression or promoting its aggregation lead to skeletal (desmin-related myopathies), or cardiac (desmin-related cardiomyopathy) phenotypes, or both. Patient muscles display intracellular accumulations of misfolded proteins and desmin-positive insoluble granulofilamentous aggregates, leading to a large spectrum of molecular alterations. Increasing evidence shows that desmin function is not limited to the structural and mechanical integrity of cells. This novel perception is strongly supported by the finding that diseases featuring desmin aggregates cannot be easily associated with mechanical defects, but rather involve desmin filaments in a broader spectrum of functions, such as in organelle positioning and integrity and in signaling. Here, we review desmin functions and related diseases affecting striated muscles. We detail emergent cellular functions of desmin based on reported phenotypes in patients and animal models. We discuss known desmin protein partners and propose an overview of the way that this molecular network could serve as a signal transduction platform necessary for proper muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Hnia
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France,
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32
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Semmler AL, Sacconi S, Bach JE, Liebe C, Bürmann J, Kley RA, Ferbert A, Anderheiden R, Van den Bergh P, Martin JJ, De Jonghe P, Neuen-Jacob E, Müller O, Deschauer M, Bergmann M, Schröder JM, Vorgerd M, Schulz JB, Weis J, Kress W, Claeys KG. Unusual multisystemic involvement and a novel BAG3 mutation revealed by NGS screening in a large cohort of myofibrillar myopathies. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:121. [PMID: 25208129 PMCID: PMC4347565 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myofibrillar myopathies (MFM) are a group of phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous neuromuscular disorders, which are characterized by protein aggregations in muscle fibres and can be associated with multisystemic involvement. Methods We screened a large cohort of 38 index patients with MFM for mutations in the nine thus far known causative genes using Sanger and next generation sequencing (NGS). We studied the clinical and histopathological characteristics in 38 index patients and five additional relatives (n = 43) and particularly focused on the associated multisystemic symptoms. Results We identified 14 heterozygous mutations (diagnostic yield of 37%), among them the novel p.Pro209Gln mutation in the BAG3 gene, which was associated with onset in adulthood, a mild phenotype and an axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy, in the absence of giant axons at the nerve biopsy. We revealed several novel clinical phenotypes and unusual multisystemic presentations with previously described mutations: hearing impairment with a FLNC mutation, dysphonia with a mutation in DES and the first patient with a FLNC mutation presenting respiratory insufficiency as the initial symptom. Moreover, we described for the first time respiratory insufficiency occurring in a patient with the p.Gly154Ser mutation in CRYAB. Interestingly, we detected a polyneuropathy in 28% of the MFM patients, including a BAG3 and a MYOT case, and hearing impairment in 13%, including one patient with a FLNC mutation and two with mutations in the DES gene. In four index patients with a mutation in one of the MFM genes, typical histological findings were only identified at the ultrastructural level (29%). Conclusions We conclude that extraskeletal symptoms frequently occur in MFM, particularly cardiac and respiratory involvement, polyneuropathy and/or deafness. BAG3 mutations should be considered even in cases with a mild phenotype or an adult onset. We identified a genetic defect in one of the known genes in less than half of the MFM patients, indicating that more causative genes are still to be found. Next generation sequencing techniques should be helpful in achieving this aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Semmler
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Sacconi
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires, Nice Hospital and UMR CNRS6543, Nice University, Nice, France.
| | - J Elisa Bach
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Claus Liebe
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Jan Bürmann
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Rudolf A Kley
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Center Ruhrgebiet, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | | | | | - Peter Van den Bergh
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Reference Center, University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussel, Belgium.
| | | | - Peter De Jonghe
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium. .,Neurogenetics Group, VIB-Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium. .,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Eva Neuen-Jacob
- Institute of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Oliver Müller
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Marcus Deschauer
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
| | - Markus Bergmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Bremen, Germany.
| | | | - Matthias Vorgerd
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Center Ruhrgebiet, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich and Aachen, Germany.
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich and Aachen, Germany.
| | - Wolfram Kress
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Kristl G Claeys
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich and Aachen, Germany.
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Abstract
In this article, distal myopathy syndromes are discussed. A discussion of the more traditional distal myopathies is followed by discussion of the myofibrillar myopathies. Other clinically and genetically distinctive distal myopathy syndromes usually based on single or smaller family cohorts are reviewed. Other neuromuscular disorders that are important to recognize are also considered, because they show prominent distal limb weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen M Dimachkie
- Neuromuscular Section, Neurophysiology Division, Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Mail Stop 2012, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Richard J Barohn
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Mail Stop 2012, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are a heterogeneous group of skeletal and cardiac muscle diseases. In this review, we highlight recent discoveries of new genes and disease mechanisms involved in this group of disorders. RECENT FINDINGS The advent of next-generation sequencing technology, laser microdissection and mass spectrometry-based proteomics has facilitated the discovery of new MFM causative genes and pathomechanisms. New mutations have also been discovered in 'older' genes, helping to find a classification niche for MFM-linked disorders showing variant phenotypes. Cell transfection experiments using primary cultured myoblasts and newer animal models provide insights into the pathogenesis of MFMs. SUMMARY An increasing number of genes are involved in the causation of variant subtypes of MFM. The application of modern technologies in combination with classical histopathological and ultrastructural studies is helping to establish the molecular diagnosis and reach a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of each MFM subtype, thus putting an emphasis on the development of specific means for prevention and therapy of these incapacitating and frequently fatal diseases.
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Mahmood OA, Jiang XM. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies: where next after six decades from the first proposal (Review). Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:1515-32. [PMID: 24626787 PMCID: PMC4020495 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) are a heterogeneous group of disorders, which has led to certain investigators disputing its rationality. The mutual feature of LGMD is limb-girdle affection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), perioral skin biopsies, blood-based assays, reverse-protein arrays, proteomic analyses, gene chips and next generation sequencing are the leading diagnostic techniques for LGMD and gene, cell and pharmaceutical treatments are the mainstay therapies for these genetic disorders. Recently, more highlights have been shed on disease biomarkers to follow up disease progression and to monitor therapeutic responsiveness in future trials. In this study, we review LGMD from a variety of aspects, paying specific attention to newly evolving research, with the purpose of bringing this information into the clinical setting to aid the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this hereditary disease. In conclusion, substantial progress in our ability to diagnose and treat LGMD has been made in recent decades, however enhancing our understanding of the detailed pathophysiology of LGMD may enhance our ability to improve disease outcome in subsequent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Mahmood
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xin Mei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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36
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37
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Abstract
The distal myopathies are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders defined by a predominant distal weakness at onset or throughout the evolution of the disease and by pathological data supporting a myopathic process. The number of genes associated with distal myopathies continues to increase. Fourteen distinct distal myopathies are currently defined by their gene and causative mutations, compared to just five entities delineated on clinical grounds two decades ago. The known proteins affected in the distal myopathies are of many types and include a significant number of sarcomeric proteins. The useful indicators for clinicians to direct towards a correct molecular diagnosis are the mode of inheritance, the age at onset, the pattern of muscle involvement, the serum creatine kinase level and the muscle pathology findings. This review gives an overview of the clinical and genetic characteristics of the currently identified distal myopathies with emphasis on some recent findings.
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Toro C, Olivé M, Dalakas MC, Sivakumar K, Bilbao JM, Tyndel F, Vidal N, Farrero E, Sambuughin N, Goldfarb LG. Exome sequencing identifies titin mutations causing hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure (HMERF) in families of diverse ethnic origins. BMC Neurol 2013; 13:29. [PMID: 23514108 PMCID: PMC3610280 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-13-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure (HMERF) was described in several North European families and recently linked to a titin gene (TTN) mutation. We independently studied HMERF-like diseases with the purpose to identify the cause, refine diagnostic criteria, and estimate the frequency of this disease among myopathy patients of various ethnic origins. Methods Whole exome sequencing analysis was carried out in a large U.S. family that included seven members suffering from skeletal muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Subsequent mutation screening was performed in further 45 unrelated probands with similar phenotypes. Studies included muscle strength evaluation, nerve conduction studies and concentric needle EMG, respiratory function test, cardiologic examination, and muscle biopsy. Results A novel TTN p.Gly30150Asp mutation was identified in the highly conserved A-band of titin that co-segregated with the disease in the U.S. family. Screening of 45 probands initially diagnosed as myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) but excluded based on molecular screening for the known MFM genes led to the identification of a previously reported TTN p.Cys30071Arg mutation in one patient. This same mutation was also identified in a patient with suspected HMERF. The p.Gly30150Asp and p.Cys30071Arg mutations are localized to a side chain of fibronectin type III element A150 of the 10th C-zone super-repeat of titin. Conclusions Missense mutations in TTN are the cause of HMERF in families of diverse origins. A comparison of phenotypic features of HMERF caused by the three known TTN mutations in various populations allowed to emphasize distinct clinical/pathological features that can serve as the basis for diagnosis. The newly identified p.Gly30150Asp and the p.Cys30071Arg mutation are localized to a side chain of fibronectin type III element A150 of the 10th C-zone super-repeat of titin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Toro
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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39
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Goebel HH, Stenzel W. Practical Application of Electron Microscopy to Neuromuscular Diseases. Ultrastruct Pathol 2013; 37:15-8. [DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2012.670045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are rare, inherited or sporadic, progressive neuromuscular disorders with considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity. MFMs are defined morphologically by foci of myofibril dissolution that begins at the Z-disk, accumulation of myofibrillar degradation products, and ectopic expression of a large number of proteins including desmin. To date, mutations in six genes are known to cause MFMs, accounting for approximately half of the MFM patients identified. The causative genes encode mainly sarcomeric Z-disk(-related) proteins: desmin, αB-crystallin, myotilin, Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ motif containing protein (ZASP), filamin C and the antiapoptotic BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (Bag3). Although in most MFM patients the disease presents in adulthood and evolves slowly, some patients with desminopathy, αB-crystallinopathy or Bag3opathies have an infantile or juvenile disease onset. Cardiac involvement is very common in desminopathies and can sometimes be the initial or only symptom of the disease. Respiratory symptoms are noted during childhood in αB-crystallinopathies. Early severe cardiac and respiratory involvement is seen in Bag3opathies. Optical microscopic and immunohistochemical features are similar in MFMs; however, ultrastructural findings can be useful to differentiate between the distinct MFM subtypes. No curative treatment for MFMs is currently available. Careful follow-up, especially of cardiac and respiratory function, is important.
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Tasca G, Odgerel Z, Monforte M, Aurino S, Clarke NF, Waddell LB, Udd B, Ricci E, Goldfarb LG. Novel FLNC mutation in a patient with myofibrillar myopathy in combination with late-onset cerebellar ataxia. Muscle Nerve 2012; 46:275-82. [PMID: 22806379 DOI: 10.1002/mus.23349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in the gene that encodes filamin C, FLNC, represent a rare cause of a distinctive type of myofibrillar myopathy (MFM). METHODS We investigated an Italian patient by means of muscle biopsy, muscle and brain imaging and molecular analysis of MFM genes. RESULTS The patient harbored a novel 7256C>T, p.Thr2419Met mutation in exon 44 of FLNC. Clinical, pathological and muscle MRI findings were similar to the previously described filaminopathy cases. This patient had, in addition, cerebellar ataxia with atrophy of cerebellum and vermis evident on brain MRI scan. Extensive screening failed to establish a cause of cerebellar atrophy. CONCLUSIONS We report an Italian filaminopathy patient, with a novel mutation in a highly conserved region. This case raises the possibility that the disease spectrum caused by FLNC may include cerebellar dysfunction.
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42
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Strach K, Reimann J, Thomas D, Naehle CP, Kress W, Kornblum C. ZASPopathy with childhood-onset distal myopathy. J Neurol 2012; 259:1494-6. [PMID: 22619057 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-012-6543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We report on a German family presenting with a predominantly distal myopathy primarily affecting anterior compartments of lower legs in childhood. Proximal lower limb and hip girdle weakness developed later in early adulthood in the female index patient and likewise in her mother. Consecutive muscle biopsy findings were first attributed to a mild congenital myopathy and later on interpreted as neurogenic changes without clear signs of a myopathy. Molecular genetic analysis was performed because of the clinical impression of a distal myopathy combined with dominant inheritance. The heterozygous mutation c.349G>A (p.D117N) in the ZASP gene could be found. This mutation had been previously associated with an adult-onset, isolated, dilated left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (OMIM*605906.0007), which was not present in our patients. Our data show that this mutation can be associated with an isolated skeletal muscle phenotype. Second, mutation analysis of the ZASP gene is suggested for distal myopathies of any age, even in cases of uncharacteristic muscle biopsy findings on routine analysis.
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43
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Keduka E, Hayashi YK, Shalaby S, Mitsuhashi H, Noguchi S, Nonaka I, Nishino I. In vivo characterization of mutant myotilins. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1570-80. [PMID: 22349301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) is a group of disorders that are pathologically defined by the disorganization of the myofibrillar alignment associated with the intracellular accumulation of Z-disk-associated proteins. MFM is caused by mutations in genes encoding Z-disk-associated proteins, including myotilin. Although a number of MFM mutations have been identified, it has been difficult to elucidate the precise roles of the mutant proteins. Here, we present a useful method for the characterization of mutant proteins associated with MFM. Expression of mutant myotilins in mouse tibialis anterior muscle by in vivo electroporation recapitulated both the pathological changes and the biochemical characteristics observed in patients with myotilinopathy. In mutant myotilin-expressing muscle fibers, myotilin aggregates and is costained with polyubiquitin, and Z-disk-associated proteins and myofibrillar disorganization were commonly seen. In addition, the expressed S60C mutant myotilin protein displayed marked detergent insolubility in electroporated mouse muscle, similar to that observed in human MFM muscle with the same mutation. Thus, in vivo electroporation can be a useful method for evaluating the pathogenicity of mutations identified in MFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Keduka
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Tasca G, Ricci E, Monforte M, Laschena F, Ottaviani P, Rodolico C, Barca E, Silvestri G, Iannaccone E, Mirabella M, Broccolini A. Muscle imaging findings in GNE myopathy. J Neurol 2012; 259:1358-65. [PMID: 22231866 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
GNE myopathy (MIM 600737) is an autosomal recessive muscle disease caused by mutations in the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE) gene. Besides the typical phenotype, characterized by the initial involvement of the distal leg muscles that eventually spreads proximally with sparing of the quadriceps, uncommon presentations with a non-canonical clinical phenotype, unusual muscle biopsy findings or both are increasingly recognized. The aim of our study was to characterize the imaging pattern of pelvic and lower limb muscles in GNE myopathy, thus providing additional diagnostic clues useful in the identification of patients with atypical features. We retrospectively evaluated muscle MRI and CT scans of a cohort of 13 patients heterogeneous for GNE mutations and degree of clinical severity. We found that severe involvement of the biceps femoris short head and, to a lesser extent, of the gluteus minimus, tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis and digitorum longus, soleus and gastrocnemius medialis was consistently present even in patients with early or atypical disease. The vastus lateralis, not the entire quadriceps, was the only muscle spared in advanced stages, while the rectus femoris, vastus intermedius and medialis showed variable signs of fatty replacement. Younger patients showed hyperintensities on T2-weighted sequences in muscles with a normal or, more often, abnormal T1-weighted signal. Our results define a pattern of muscle involvement that appears peculiar to GNE myopathy. Although these findings need to be further validated in a larger cohort, we believe that the recognition of this pattern may be instrumental in the initial clinical assessment of patients with possible GNE myopathy.
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45
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Udd B. Distal myopathies – New genetic entities expand diagnostic challenge. Neuromuscul Disord 2012; 22:5-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Selcen D, Bromberg MB, Chin SS, Engel AG. Reducing bodies and myofibrillar myopathy features in FHL1 muscular dystrophy. Neurology 2011; 77:1951-9. [PMID: 22094483 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31823a0ebe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some pathologic features of the FHL1 myopathies and the myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) overlap; we therefore searched for mutations in FHL1 in our cohort of 50 patients with genetically undiagnosed MFM. METHODS Mutations in FHL1 were identified by direct sequencing. Polymorphisms were excluded by using allele-specific PCR in 200 control subjects. Structural changes in muscle were analyzed by histochemistry, immunocytochemistry, and electron microscopy. RESULTS We detected 2 novel and 1 previously identified missense mutation in 5 patients. Patients 1-4 presented before age 30, display menadione-nitro blue tetrazolium-positive reducing bodies, and harbor mutations in the FHL1 LIM2 domain. Patient 5 presented at age 75 and has no reducing bodies, and his mutation is not in a LIM domain. The clinical features include progressive muscle weakness, hypertrophied muscles, rigid spine, and joint contractures, and 1 patient also has peripheral neuropathy. High-resolution electron microscopy reveals the reducing bodies composed of 13-nm tubulofilaments initially emanating from Z-disks. At a more advanced stage, abundant reducing bodies appear in the cytoplasm and nuclei with concomitant myofibrillar disintegration, accumulation of cytoplasmic degradation products, and aggregation of endoplasmic reticulum and sarcotubular profiles. CONCLUSIONS FHL1 dystrophies can be associated with MFM pathology. Mutations in the LIM2 domain are associated with reducing bodies composed of distinct tubulofilaments. A mutation extraneous to LIM domains resulted in a mild late-onset phenotype with MFM pathology but no reducing bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Selcen
- Department of Neurology and Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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47
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Sacconi S, Féasson L, Antoine JC, Pécheux C, Bernard R, Cobo AM, Casarin A, Salviati L, Desnuelle C, Urtizberea A. A novel CRYAB mutation resulting in multisystemic disease. Neuromuscul Disord 2011; 22:66-72. [PMID: 21920752 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the CRYAB gene, encoding alpha-B crystallin, cause distinct clinical phenotypes including isolated posterior polar cataract, myofibrillar myopathy, cardiomyopathy, or a multisystemic disorder combining all these features. Genotype/phenotype correlations are still unclear. To date, multisystemic involvement has been reported only in kindred harboring the R120G substitution. We report a novel CRYAB mutation, D109H, associated with posterior polar cataract, myofibrillar myopathy and cardiomyopathy in a two-generation family with five affected individuals. Age of onset, clinical presentation, and muscle abnormalities were very similar to those described in the R120G family. Alpha-B crystallin may form dimers and acts as a chaperone for a number of proteins. It has been suggested that the phenotypic diversity could be related to the various interactions between target proteins of individual mutant residues. Molecular modeling indicates that residues D109 and R120 interact with each other during dimerization of alpha-B crystallin; interestingly, the two substitutions affecting these residues (D109H and R120G) are associated with the same clinical phenotype, thus suggesting a similar pathogenic mechanism. We propose that impairment of alpha-B crystallin dimerization may also be relevant to the pathogenesis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sacconi
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires, Nice Hospital and UMR CNRS6543, Nice University, Nice, France.
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48
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Bevilacqua JA, Monnier N, Bitoun M, Eymard B, Ferreiro A, Monges S, Lubieniecki F, Taratuto AL, Laquerrière A, Claeys KG, Marty I, Fardeau M, Guicheney P, Lunardi J, Romero NB. Recessive RYR1 mutations cause unusual congenital myopathy with prominent nuclear internalization and large areas of myofibrillar disorganization. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2011; 37:271-84. [PMID: 21062345 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2010.01149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To report the clinical, pathological and genetic findings in a group of patients with a previously not described phenotype of congenital myopathy due to recessive mutations in the gene encoding the type 1 muscle ryanodine receptor channel (RYR1). METHODS Seven unrelated patients shared a predominant axial and proximal weakness of varying severity, with onset during the neonatal period, associated with bilateral ptosis and ophthalmoparesis, and unusual muscle biopsy features at light and electron microscopic levels. RESULTS Muscle biopsy histochemistry revealed a peculiar morphological pattern characterized by numerous internalized myonuclei in up to 51% of fibres and large areas of myofibrillar disorganization with undefined borders. Ultrastructurally, such areas frequently occupied the whole myofibre cross section and extended to a moderate number of sarcomeres in length. Molecular genetic investigations identified recessive mutations in the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) gene in six compound heterozygous patients and one homozygous patient. Nine mutations are novel and four have already been reported either as pathogenic recessive mutations or as changes affecting a residue associated with dominant malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Only two mutations were located in the C-terminal transmembrane domain whereas the others were distributed throughout the cytoplasmic region of RyR1. CONCLUSION Our data enlarge the spectrum of RYR1 mutations and highlight their clinical and morphological heterogeneity. A congenital myopathy featuring ptosis and external ophthalmoplegia, concomitant with the novel histopathological phenotype showing fibres with large, poorly delimited areas of myofibrillar disorganization and internal nuclei, is highly suggestive of an RYR1-related congenital myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Bevilacqua
- Institut de Myologie, Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Groupe Hospitalier-Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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49
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Olivé M, Odgerel Z, Martínez A, Poza JJ, Bragado FG, Zabalza RJ, Jericó I, Gonzalez-Mera L, Shatunov A, Lee HS, Armstrong J, Maraví E, Arroyo MR, Pascual-Calvet J, Navarro C, Paradas C, Huerta M, Marquez F, Rivas EG, Pou A, Ferrer I, Goldfarb LG. Clinical and myopathological evaluation of early- and late-onset subtypes of myofibrillar myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2011; 21:533-42. [PMID: 21676617 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFM) are a group of disorders associated with mutations in DES, CRYAB, MYOT, ZASP, FLNC, or BAG3 genes and characterized by disintegration of myofibrils and accumulation of degradation products into intracellular inclusions. We retrospectively evaluated 53 MFM patients from 35 Spanish families. Studies included neurologic exam, muscle imaging, light and electron microscopic analysis of muscle biopsy, respiratory function testing and cardiologic work-up. Search for pathogenic mutations was accomplished by sequencing of coding regions of the six genes known to cause MFM. Mutations in MYOT were the predominant cause of MFM in Spain affecting 18 of 35 families, followed by DES in 11 and ZASP in 3; in 3 families the cause of MFM remains undetermined. Comparative analysis of DES, MYOT and ZASP associated phenotypes demonstrates substantial phenotypic distinctions that should be considered in studies of disease pathogenesis, for optimization of subtype-specific treatments and management, and directing molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montse Olivé
- Institute of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, IDIBELL-Hospital de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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50
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Lee HC, Cherk SW, Chan SK, Wong S, Tong TW, Ho WS, Chan AY, Lee KC, Mak CM. BAG3-related myofibrillar myopathy in a Chinese family. Clin Genet 2011; 81:394-8. [PMID: 21361913 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the usual slow disease progression in myofibrillar myopathies, patients with Bag3opathy often have a rapidly progressive and more severe phenotype with a worse prognosis. We describe a Chinese patient, born to non-consanguineous parents, who first presented at age 6 with clumsy walking and difficult climbing staircase. With a history of restrictive lung disease previously diagnosed as asthma, she progressed rapidly with proximal myopathy, rigid spine and bilateral tightening of the Achilles tendons requiring surgical elongation. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with restrictive physiology was shown by echocardiogram. Moreover, prolonged QT interval was also noted in the patient. Family history was unremarkable yet her father was incidentally found to have prolonged QT interval. Mutation analysis with genomic DNA of the proband showed heterozygous de novo known mutation c.626C>T (p.Pro209Leu) and a germline variation c.772C>T (p.Arg258Trp) in BAG3. Her father was found to be a carrier of c.772C>T. Muscle biopsy findings were suggestive of myofibrillar myopathy on light microscopy and ultrastructural studies. To our knowledge, this is the first Chinese case of Bag3opathy so far reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Lee
- Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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