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Teng D, Wang W, Jia W, Song J, Gong L, Zhong L, Yang J. The effects of glycosylation modifications on monocyte recruitment and foam cell formation in atherosclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167027. [PMID: 38237743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The monocyte recruitment and foam cell formation have been intensively investigated in atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, as the study progressed, it was obvious that crucial molecules participated in the monocyte recruitment and the membrane proteins in macrophages exhibited substantial glycosylation modifications. These modifications can exert a significant influence on protein functions and may even impact the overall progression of diseases. This article provides a review of the effects of glycosylation modifications on monocyte recruitment and foam cell formation. By elaborating on these effects, we aim to understand the underlying mechanisms of atherogenesis further and to provide new insights into the future treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Teng
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Jia
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jikai Song
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Gong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Di Paola R, Marucci A, Mangiacotti D, Antonucci A, Fontana A, Wang X, Qi L, Menzaghi C, Trischitta V. Leveraging Genetics to Address the Role of GALNT2 on Atherogenic Dyslipidemia. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200319. [PMID: 36861373 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that downregulation of GALNT2 (Polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2), encoding polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2, decreases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increases triglycerides levels by glycosylating key enzymes of lipid metabolism, such as angiopoietin like 3, apolipoprotein C-III, and phospholipid transfer protein. GALNT2 is also a positive modulator of insulin signaling and action, associated with in vivo insulin sensitivity and during adipogenesis strongly upregulates adiponectin. Thus, the hypothesis that GALNT2 affects HDL-C and triglycerides levels also through insulin sensitivity and/or circulating adiponectin, is tested. In 881 normoglycemic individuals the G allele of rs4846914 SNP at the GALNT2 locus, known to associate with GALNT2 downregulation, is associated with low HDL-C and high values of triglycerides, triglycerides/HDL-C ratio, and theHomeostatic Model Assessment of insulin resistance HOMAIR (p-values = 0.01, 0.027, 0.002, and 0.016, respectively). Conversely, no association is observed with serum adiponectin levels (p = 0.091). Importantly, HOMAIR significantly mediates a proportion of the genetic association with HDL-C (21%, 95% CI: 7-35%, p = 0.004) and triglyceride levels (32%, 95% CI: 4-59%, p = 0.023). The results are compatible with the hypothesis that, besides the effect on key lipid metabolism enzymes, GALNT2 alters HDL-C and triglyceride levels also indirectly through a positive effect on insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Di Paola
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Antonella Marucci
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Davide Mangiacotti
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Alessandra Antonucci
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Biostatistics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1724, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1724, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Claudia Menzaghi
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Trischitta
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
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Qaddoumi M, Hebbar P, Abu-Farha M, Al Somaly A, Melhem M, Al-Kayal F, AlKhairi I, Cherian P, Alanbaei M, Al-Mulla F, Abubaker J, Thanaraj TA. GALNT2 rs4846914 SNP Is Associated with Obesity, Atherogenic Lipid Traits, and ANGPTL3 Plasma Level. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071201. [PMID: 35885984 PMCID: PMC9316564 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (GALNT2) is associated with serum lipid levels, insulin resistance, and adipogenesis. Additionally, angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL) proteins have emerged as regulators of lipoprotein lipase and lipid metabolism. In this study, we evaluated the association between GALNT2 rs4846914 variant, known for its association with lipid levels in European cohorts, with plasma levels of ANGPTL proteins, apolipoproteins, lipids, and obesity traits in individuals of Arab ethnicity. GALNT2 rs4846914 was genotyped in a cohort of 278 Arab individuals from Kuwait. Plasma levels of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8 were measured by ELISA and apolipoproteins by Luminex multiplexing assay. Allele-based association tests were performed with Bonferroni-corrected p-value thresholds. The GALNT2 rs4846914_G allele was associated with increased ANGPTL3 (p-values ≤ 0.05) but not with ANGPTL8 plasma levels. The allele was associated significantly with higher BMI and weight (p-values < 0.003), increased ApoC1 levels (p-values ≤ 0.006), and reduced HDL levels (p-values ≤ 0.05). Individuals carrying the GG genotype showed significantly decreased HDL and increased BMI, WC, ApoC1, and TG. Interactions exist between (AG+GG) genotypes and measures of percentage body fat, ApoA1A, ApoC1, and ApoB48-mediated HDL levels. GALNT2 is confirmed further as a potential link connecting lipid metabolism and obesity and has the potential to be a drug target for treating obesity and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Qaddoumi
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait; (M.Q.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Prashantha Hebbar
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (M.A.-F.); (I.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Aseelah Al Somaly
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait; (M.Q.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Motasem Melhem
- Special Services Facility, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Fadi Al-Kayal
- Advanced Genomic Technologies Laboratory, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Irina AlKhairi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (M.A.-F.); (I.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Preethi Cherian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (M.A.-F.); (I.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Muath Alanbaei
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait;
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
- Correspondence: (F.A.-M.); (J.A.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (M.A.-F.); (I.A.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence: (F.A.-M.); (J.A.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait;
- Correspondence: (F.A.-M.); (J.A.); (T.A.T.)
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Romo EZ, Zivkovic AM. Glycosylation of HDL-Associated Proteins and Its Implications in Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis, Metabolism and Function. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:928566. [PMID: 35694676 PMCID: PMC9184513 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.928566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, long known for their critical role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), were recently identified to carry a wide array of glycosylated proteins, and the importance of this glycosylation in the structure, function and metabolism of HDL are starting to emerge. Early studies have demonstrated differential glycosylation of HDL-associated proteins in various pathological states, which may be key to understanding their etiological role in these diseases and may be important for diagnostic development. Given the vast array and specificity of glycosylation pathways, the study of HDL-associated glycosylation has the potential to uncover novel mechanisms and biomarkers of CVD. To date, no large studies examining the relationships between HDL glycosylation profiles and cardiovascular outcomes have been performed. However, small pilot studies provide promising preliminary evidence that such a relationship may exist. In this review article we discuss the current state of the evidence on the glycosylation of HDL-associated proteins, the potential for HDL glycosylation profiling in CVD diagnostics, how glycosylation affects HDL function, and the potential for modifying the glycosylation of HDL-associated proteins to confer therapeutic value.
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Antonucci A, Marucci A, Trischitta V, Di Paola R. Role of GALNT2 on Insulin Sensitivity, Lipid Metabolism and Fat Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:929. [PMID: 35055114 PMCID: PMC8781516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked glycosylation, the greatest form of post-translational modifications, plays a key role in regulating the majority of physiological processes. It is, therefore, not surprising that abnormal O-linked glycosylation has been related to several human diseases. Recently, GALNT2, which encodes the GalNAc-transferase 2 involved in the first step of O-linked glycosylation, has attracted great attention as a possible player in many highly prevalent human metabolic diseases, including atherogenic dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes and obesity, all clustered on the common ground of insulin resistance. Data available both in human and animal models point to GALNT2 as a molecule that shapes the risk of the aforementioned abnormalities affecting diverse protein functions, which eventually cause clinically distinct phenotypes (a typical example of pleiotropism). Pathways linking GALNT2 to dyslipidemia and insulin resistance have been partly identified, while those for type 2 diabetes and obesity are yet to be understood. Here, we will provide a brief overview on the present knowledge on GALNT2 function and dysfunction and propose novel insights on the complex pathogenesis of the aforementioned metabolic diseases, which all impose a heavy burden for patients, their families and the entire society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Antonucci
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013 Foggia, Italy; (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonella Marucci
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013 Foggia, Italy; (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Trischitta
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013 Foggia, Italy; (A.A.); (A.M.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Di Paola
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013 Foggia, Italy; (A.A.); (A.M.)
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Sallam M, Benotmane MA, Baatout S, Guns PJ, Aerts A. Radiation-induced cardiovascular disease: an overlooked role for DNA methylation? Epigenetics 2022; 17:59-80. [PMID: 33522387 PMCID: PMC8812767 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1873628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy in cancer treatment involves the use of ionizing radiation for cancer cell killing. Although radiotherapy has shown significant improvements on cancer recurrence and mortality, several radiation-induced adverse effects have been documented. Of these adverse effects, radiation-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD) is particularly prominent among patients receiving mediastinal radiotherapy, such as breast cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. A number of mechanisms of radiation-induced CVD pathogenesis have been proposed such as endothelial inflammatory activation, premature endothelial senescence, increased ROS and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, current research seems to point to a so-far unexamined and potentially novel involvement of epigenetics in radiation-induced CVD pathogenesis. Firstly, epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in CVD pathophysiology. In addition, several studies have shown that ionizing radiation can cause epigenetic modifications, especially DNA methylation alterations. As a result, this review aims to provide a summary of the current literature linking DNA methylation to radiation-induced CVD and thereby explore DNA methylation as a possible contributor to radiation-induced CVD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magy Sallam
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mohammed Abderrafi Benotmane
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Guns
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - An Aerts
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
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Loaeza-Reyes KJ, Zenteno E, Moreno-Rodríguez A, Torres-Rosas R, Argueta-Figueroa L, Salinas-Marín R, Castillo-Real LM, Pina-Canseco S, Cervera YP. An Overview of Glycosylation and its Impact on Cardiovascular Health and Disease. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:751637. [PMID: 34869586 PMCID: PMC8635159 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.751637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular system is a complex and well-organized system in which glycosylation plays a vital role. The heart and vascular wall cells are constituted by an array of specific receptors; most of them are N- glycosylated and mucin-type O-glycosylated. There are also intracellular signaling pathways regulated by different post-translational modifications, including O-GlcNAcylation, which promote adequate responses to extracellular stimuli and signaling transduction. Herein, we provide an overview of N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation, including O-GlcNAcylation, and their role at different levels such as reception of signal, signal transduction, and exogenous molecules or agonists, which stimulate the heart and vascular wall cells with effects in different conditions, like the physiological status, ischemia/reperfusion, exercise, or during low-grade inflammation in diabetes and aging. Furthermore, mutations of glycosyltransferases and receptors are associated with development of cardiovascular diseases. The knowledge on glycosylation and its effects could be considered biochemical markers and might be useful as a therapeutic tool to control cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Julissa Loaeza-Reyes
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rafael Torres-Rosas
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Liliana Argueta-Figueroa
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Conacyt - Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Roberta Salinas-Marín
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Lizet Monserrat Castillo-Real
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Socorro Pina-Canseco
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Yobana Pérez Cervera
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
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Guan L, Fan P, Liu X, Zhou M, Wu Y, Liu R, Liu Y, Bai H. Maternal GALNT2 Variations Affect Blood Pressure, Atherogenic Index, and Fetal Growth, Depending on BMI in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:690229. [PMID: 34267728 PMCID: PMC8276310 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.690229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background GALNT2 is a GalNAc transferase that regulates serum lipid fractions, insulin signaling, and lipogenesis. Genetic variants are implicated in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The objective of this study was to investigate the association of GALNT2 rs2144300 and rs4846914 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of GDM and related traits. Methods Two SNPs were genotyped, and clinical and metabolic parameters were determined in 461 GDM patients and 626 control subjects. Genetic associations with related traits were also analyzed. Results The genotype distributions of the two SNPs in GDM patients were similar to those in normal controls. However, significant differences were noted across the three groups of genotypes with respect to the examined variables in subjects in a BMI-dependent manner. The rs4846914 and rs2144300 SNPs of GALNT2 were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure and/or diastolic blood pressure levels in nonobese GDM patients and atherogenic index (AI) in overweight/obese GDM patients. The rs4846914 SNP was also associated with fetal growth in overweight/obese GDM patients, and apo A1 and pregnancy weight gain in overweight/obese control women (all P<0.05). Conclusions The two polymorphisms in the GALNT2 gene are associated with variations in blood pressure, atherogenic index, and fetal growth in GDM, depending on BMI, but not with GDM. Our findings highlight a link between related phenotypes in GDM mothers and their fetuses and the genetic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Guan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinghui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Division of peptides related with human disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huai Bai
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Chen J, Guan L, Liu H, Liu Q, Fan P, Bai H. GALNT2 Gene Variant rs4846914 Is Associated with Insulin and Insulin Resistance Depending on BMI in PCOS Patients: a Case-Control Study. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1122-1132. [PMID: 33171515 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
GALNT2 is a GalNAc transferase that regulates insulin signaling, lipogenesis, and serum lipid fractions. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of GALNT2 rs2144300 and rs4846914 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and related traits. The two SNPs were genotyped in 616 PCOS patients and 482 control subjects. Genetic associations with related traits were also analyzed. The genotype distributions of the two SNPs in PCOS patients were similar to those of normal controls. However, significant differences were noted across the three groups of genotypes with respect to the examined variables. In the PCOS group, subjects with genotype AA at the rs4846914 SNP exhibited an increased fasting serum insulin and homeostasis model insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index compared with that of corresponding GG or GA genotype carriers (all P < 0.05). When PCOS patients were further separated into obese and non-obese subgroups, the genotype-related effects on insulin and HOMA-IR were more obvious, and variations in BMI and FSH levels were exclusively observed in obese PCOS subjects (all P < 0.05). In addition, fasting plasma glucose levels were affected by the genotypes of the rs2144300 SNP in normal control women (P < 0.05). rs4846914 and rs2144300 polymorphisms in the GALNT2 gene are associated with insulin and HOMA-IR, BMI, and FSH levels in obese PCOS patients and glucose levels in normal control women, respectively, but not with PCOS. GALNT2 rs4846914 AA carrier status may be associated with insulin resistance and related traits in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Chen
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South People's Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linbo Guan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South People's Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South People's Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Fan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South People's Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huai Bai
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South People's Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Marucci A, Antonucci A, De Bonis C, Mangiacotti D, Scarale MG, Trischitta V, Di Paola R. GALNT2 as a novel modulator of adipogenesis and adipocyte insulin signaling. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 43:2448-2457. [PMID: 31040393 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES A better understanding of adipose tissue biology is crucial to tackle insulin resistance and eventually coronary heart disease and diabetes, leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. GALNT2, a GalNAc-transferase, positively modulates insulin signaling in human liver cells by down-regulating ENPP1, an insulin signaling inhibitor. GALNT2 expression is increased in adipose tissue of obese as compared to that of non-obese individuals. Whether this association is secondary to a GALNT2-insulin sensitizing effect exerted also in adipocytes is unknown. We then investigated in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes the GALNT2 effect on adipogenesis, insulin signaling and expression levels of both Enpp1 and 72 adipogenesis-related genes. METHODS Stable over-expressing GALNT2 and GFP preadipocytes (T0) were generated. Adipogenesis was induced with (R+) or without (R-) rosiglitazone and investigated after 15 days (T15). Lipid accumulation (by Oil Red-O staining) and intracellular triglycerides (by fluorimetric assay) were measured. Lipid droplets (LD) measures were analyzed at confocal microscope. Gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR and insulin-induced insulin receptor (IR), IRS1, JNK and AKT phosphorylation by Western blot. RESULTS Lipid accumulation, triglycerides and LD measures progressively increased from T0 to T15R- and furthermore to T15R+. Such increases were significantly higher in GALNT2 than in GFP cells so that, as compared to T15R+GFP, T15R- GALNT2 cells showed similar (intracellular lipid and triglycerides accumulation) or even higher (LD measures, p < 0.01) values. In GALNT2 preadipocytes, insulin-induced IR, IRS1 and AKT activation was higher than that in GFP cells. GALNT2 effect was totally abolished during adipocyte maturation and completely reversed at late stage maturation. Such GALNT2 effect trajectory was paralleled by coordinated changes in the expression of Enpp1 and adipocyte-maturation key genes. CONCLUSIONS GALNT2 is a novel modulator of adipogenesis and related cellular phenotypes, thus becoming a potential target for tackling the obesity epidemics and its devastating sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Marucci
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Antonucci
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta De Bonis
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Davide Mangiacotti
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Scarale
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Trischitta
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Rosa Di Paola
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
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Hu Y, Feng J, Wu F. The Multiplicity of Polypeptide GalNAc-Transferase: Assays, Inhibitors, and Structures. Chembiochem 2018; 19:2503-2521. [PMID: 30152088 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mucin-type O-glycosylation is the dominant form of glycosylation in eukaryotes and plays an important role in various physiological processes. The polypeptide GalNAc-transferase (GalNAc-T) catalyzes the first step in the attachment of mucin-type O-glycosylation. GalNAc-T was recently uncovered to be linked with cancer, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. Therefore, it has attracted increasing interest as a new target for exploring the underlying mechanism and developing new treatments for related diseases. Decades of studies on GalNAc-T have laid a stable foundation for understanding the catalytic mechanism, determining atom-resolution three-dimensional structures, and developing various types of biochemical assays as well as small-molecule inhibitor leads. Here, we systematically summarize this invaluable knowledge on GalNAc-T and cultivate new perspectives to foster breakthrough points for mucin-type O-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youtian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Xiao HB, Liang L, Luo ZF, Sun ZL. Paeoniflorin regulates GALNT2-ANGPTL3-LPL pathway to attenuate dyslipidemia in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 836:122-128. [PMID: 30096295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2-Angiopoietin-like protein 3-lipoprotein lipase (GALNT2-ANGPTL3-LPL) pathway may be a useful pharmacologic objective for dyslipidemia. The present study was conducted to test the effect of paeoniflorin, a monoterpene Glycoside, on dyslipidemia in mice. Fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): three groups of apolipoprotein E-null (ApoE-/-) mice treated with paeoniflorin (10 or 20 or 30 mg/kg/day), untreated ApoE-/- mice group, and C57BL/6J control group. Six weeks after treatment, expression of hepatic ANGPTL3, hepatic GALNT2 and adipose tissue LPL, lipid levels in the liver and blood were quantified. Treatment with paeoniflorin (10 or 20 or 30 mg/kg) obviously down-regulated expression of ANGPTL3 and up-regulated expressions of GALNT2 and LPL concomitantly with elevated plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, reduced plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, malonaldehyde, and 8-isoprostane. The present results suggest that paeoniflorin regulates GALNT2-ANGPTL3-LPL pathway to attenuate dyslipidemia in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Lin Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Luo
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, Changsha 410128, China
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