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Zhang L, Wu HZ, He PY, Cao HQ, Zhang WN, Peng YC, Sheng CW. Sublethal effect and detoxifying metabolism of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105879. [PMID: 38685245 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a highly polyphagous invasive pest that damages various crops. Pesticide control is the most common and effective strategy to control FAW. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of metaflumizone and indoxacarb against third-instar FAW larvae using the insecticide-incorporated artificial diet method under laboratory conditions. Both metaflumizone and indoxacarb exhibited substantial toxicity against FAW, with LC50 values of 2.43 and 14.66 mg/L at 72 h, respectively. The sublethal effects of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on parental and F1 generation FAW were investigated by exposing third-instar larvae to LC10 and LC30 concentrations of these insecticides. Sublethal exposure to these two insecticides significantly shortened adult longevity, extended pupal developmental times and led to reduced pupal weight, pupation rates, and adult fecundity in the treated parental generation and F1 generation at LC10 or LC30 concentrations, in comparison to the control group. The larval developmental times were shortened in the parental generation but prolonged in the F1 generation, after being treated with sublethal concentrations of metaflumizone. Furthermore, larvae exposed to LC10 or LC30 concentrations of indoxacarb exhibited elevated activity levels of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and glutathione S-transferase, which coincides with the observed synergistic effect of piperonyl butoxide and diethyl maleate. In conclusion, the high toxicity and negative impact of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on FAW provided significant implications for the rational utilization of insecticides against this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Hui-Zi Wu
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Zunyi Branch, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Pei-Yun He
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Wan-Na Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Ying-Chuan Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China.
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Hafeez M, Ullah F, Khan MM, Wang Z, Gul H, Li X, Huang J, Siddiqui JA, Qasim M, Wang RL, Imran M, Assiri MA, Rehman M, Fahad S, Lu Y. Comparative low lethal effects of three insecticides on demographical traits and enzyme activity of the Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:60198-60211. [PMID: 35414161 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many species of devastating insect pests have acquired a high degree of resistance to insecticides in the field during the last few decades. Spodoptera exigua, for example, is the most damaging pests of economic crops with a worldwide spread. In a present study, the comparative growth, reproduction, and detoxification enzyme activity were evaluated along with exposure to three insecticides at low lethal doses of lufenuron, indoxacarb, and spinosad as compared to the control. Results indicate that the larval developmental time was significantly extended on lufenuron (21.5 ± 29 days) followed by indoxacarb (20.28 ± 0.24 days) and spinosad (19.74 ± 0.23 days) as compared to that on the control (18.13 ± 0.13 days). Similarly, the lowest number of eggs of S. exigua females were recorded on lufenuron (328.75 ± 50.81 eggs) followed by spinosad (367 ± 36.4 eggs) and indoxacarb (411.58 ± 42.38 eggs) as compared to that on the control (560.2 ± 13.47). Interestingly, the lowest intrinsic rate of increase (r) (0.121 ± 0.009) and highest mean generation time (T) (36.2 ± 0.35 days) were observed when larvae were treated to a low lethal concentration (LC20) of lufenuron as compared to that of indoxacarb, spinosad, and control. In addition, considerably lower activity of all detoxification enzymes in larvae was recorded on lufenuron after control as compared to that on indoxacarb and spinosad. Our study serves as a reference and basis for the toxicity and low lethal evaluation of lufenuron, indoxacarb, and spinosad on life table parameters and enzymatic properties in S. exigua, which may contribute to identifying targets for effective control of S. exigua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Musa Khan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhangqian Wang
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hina Gul
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junaid Ali Siddiqui
- Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Kohsar University Murree, Punjab, 47150, Pakistan
| | - Rui-Long Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University Wushan, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.
- Department of Agronomy, University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Yaobin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Hafeez M, Ullah F, Khan MM, Li X, Zhang Z, Shah S, Imran M, Assiri MA, Fernández-Grandon GM, Desneux N, Rehman M, Fahad S, Lu Y. Metabolic-based insecticide resistance mechanism and ecofriendly approaches for controlling of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1746-1762. [PMID: 34709552 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16974-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The beet army worm, Spodoptera exigua, is a widely distributed polyphagous pest of economically important crops worldwide. The management of this pest insect continues to face many challenges. Despite synthetic chemicals posing a serious threat to the environment, these remain the conventional approach for controlling S. exigua in the field. An over-reliance on chemical control has not only led to selection for resistance to insecticides and to a reduction of natural enemies, but has also polluted various components of ecosystem. Given these increasing pressures on the ecosystem, there is a need to implement integrated pest management (IPM) approaches exploiting a wider range of tools (biotechnological approaches, microbial control, biological control, cultural control, and use of host plant resistance) for an alternative to chemical control. The IPM approach can not only reduce the hazard of chemical residues in the environment and associated health problems, but may also provide best strategies to control insect pests. This review synthesizes published information on insecticide resistance of S. exigua and explores alternative IPM approaches to control S. exigua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Musa Khan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Sakhawat Shah
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nicolas Desneux
- UMR ISA, Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, 06000, Nice, France
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.
- Department of Agronomy, University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 22620, Pakistan.
| | - Yaobin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Q, Rui C, Wang L, Nahiyoon SA, Huang W, Zhu J, Ji X, Yang Q, Yuan H, Cui L. Field-evolved resistance to 11 insecticides and the mechanisms involved in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:5086-5095. [PMID: 34231946 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To understand the ongoing resistance of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, the sensitivity of five field populations to commonly used insecticides, indoxacarb, abamectin, methoxyfenozide, chlorfenapyr, chlorantraniliprole, spinetoram, lambda-cyhalothrin, carbosulfan, metaflumizone, chlorpyrifos, and flufenoxuron, were evaluated. Furthermore, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of field-evolved resistance in H. armigera were also investigated. RESULTS Five field populations of H. armigera showed moderate resistance to indoxacarb, chlorantraniliprole, metaflumizone, methoxyfenozide, carbosulfan and lambda-cyhalothrin. The resistance ratio (RR) of indoxacarb was significantly correlated with glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) activity (r = 0.913, P = 0.011). Methoxyfenozide RR was largely correlated with cytochrome P450s activity (r = 0.860, P = 0.028). Besides, six cytochrome P450s genes of CYP4L5 in AQP, CYP6B7 and CYP9A14 in HDP and BDP, CYP9A17V2 in HDP and YSP, CYP332A1 in HDP, LFP, AQP and YSP, CYP337B1 in YSP, and two GSTs genes of GSTd1 and GSTs1 in HDP were overexpressed (>5-fold). Moreover, indoxacarb RR was positively correlated with the overexpression of GSTs1, GSTd1 and CYP9A14 genes (r = 0.880, 0.98 and 0.86, P = 0.021, 0.001 and 0.028, respectively). The transcript of CYP9A17V2 and CYP337B1 were found to be correlated with metaflumizone RR (r = 0.950, P = 0.004) and carbosulfan RR (r = 0.850, P = 0.033), respectively. CONCLUSION H. armigera can be effectively controlled using abamectin, chlorfenapyr, chlorpyrifos and spinetoram in Hebei and Shandong provinces. The present study demonstrated that the relative expression level of GSTs1, GSTd1, CYP9A14, CYP9A17V2 and CYP337B1 genes were significantly correlated with the resistance ratio to indoxacarb, metaflumizone and carbosulfan in field H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Changhui Rui
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Shahzad Ali Nahiyoon
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Weiling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Junshu Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Huizhu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Li Cui
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Barbosa MG, Souza SA, André TPP, Pontes ADS, Teixeira CS, Pereira FF, Pastori PL. Do fall armyworm's Metaflumizone resistante populations affect the activity of Trichogramma pretiosum? BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e245273. [PMID: 34669790 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.245273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible interference of resistant pest's populations to insecticides in natural enemies in the action thas not been clarified yet. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) performance on Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs with resistance frequency to the Metaflumizone over six generations of product exposure. Egg cards (2.0 x 7.0 cm) containing eggs from two populations of S. frugiperda, (resistant to Metaflumizone and the other susceptible), were exposed to T. pretiosum females for 24 hours in free-choice and no-choice testing in three generations (G1, G4, and G6). A completely randomized experimental design was used with 25 replications, each consisting of an egg card (experimental unit) containing 20 eggs. The parameters evaluated were: parasitism (%), emergence (%), sex ratio, number of emerged parasitoids per egg and males/females longevity. ANOVA and Tukey test (P≤ 0.05) were applied on the results. Results showed a reduction in parasitism [41.0% (G1) and 28.4% (G4)], egg emergence (17.5%) and parasitoids/egg [16.2 (G4) and 17.2 (G6)] in eggs originating from the population with resistance frequency. Females emerging from G6 populations eggs without exposure to Metaflumizone had greater longevity (3.5 days more) than the resistant population. The sex ratio and male longevity were not affected. The results indicate a reduction in T. pretiosum activity if S. frugiperda populations have some frequency of resistance to Metaflumizone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Barbosa
- IN Soluções Biológicas LTDA, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - S A Souza
- Universidade de São Paulo - UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Departamento de Proteção de Plantas, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - T P P André
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Laboratório de Entomologia Aplicada, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A D S Pontes
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Laboratório de Entomologia Aplicada, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - C S Teixeira
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Laboratório de Entomologia Aplicada, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - F F Pereira
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - P L Pastori
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Laboratório de Entomologia Aplicada, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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Bi Y, Yao W, Han L, Qiao C, Song S, Qin F, Dong Q, Hao X, Xu Y. Method validation and residue analysis of methoxyfenozide and metaflumizone in Chinese broccoli under field conditions by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3860-3869. [PMID: 34384003 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Methoxyfenozide and metaflumizone are insecticides used on Chinese broccoli to prevent insects and increase yield. However, the residues are potentially harmful to the environment and consumers. In this study, the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe method with high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was modified and validated for determination of methoxyfenozide and metaflumizone in Chinese broccoli. The clean-up efficiency of different sorbents including C18 , primary secondary amine, graphitized carbon black, and carbon nanofiber was compared. Recoveries of the validated method were 71.8-94.6% with relative standard deviations of 1.5-3.2% and the limits of quantification were 0.01 and 0.005 mg/kg for methoxyfenozide and metaflumizone, respectively. A storage stability test showed almost no degradation of methoxyfenozide in Chinese broccoli, however, the degradation rate of metaflumizone was 22.9% after 10-wk storage at -20°C. In field trials in four producing regions, the dissipation of both methoxyfenozide and metaflumizone in Chinese broccoli was fast, with half-lives of only 1.0-5.1 and 0.7-2.5 days, respectively. Terminal residues after application of the two pesticides were all below 1.0 mg/kg after 5 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Bi
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yao
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.,Basic Courses Department, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Han
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chengkui Qiao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyu Song
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fayi Qin
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qin Dong
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xianghong Hao
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
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7
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Gong C, Wang X, Huang Q, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhan X, Zhang S, Hasnain A, Ruan Y, Shen L. The fitness advantages of bistrifluron resistance related to chitin synthase A in Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3458-3468. [PMID: 33822459 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spodoptera litura is one of the major agricultural pests in China, and it has developed serious resistance to many traditional chemical insecticides. In the present study, the bistrifluron-resistant (Bis-SEL) strain accompanied by a higher oviposition, 113.8-fold RR compared to the bistrifluron-susceptible (Bis-UNSEL) strain, was obtained by bidirectional screening. A comparison of their gonad coefficiency and genes related to oviposition or resistance was used to elucidate the resurgence mechanism. RESULTS The ovarian index, oviposition, and potential egg production in the Bis-SEL strain of female adults were significantly higher than those in the Bis-UNSEL strain, and the length of ovariole in the Bis-SEL strain was also significantly elongated. The protein contents of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) in the Bis-UNSEL strain were lower than those in the Bis-SEL strain, consistent with their gene expressions levels, and there was a significantly positive linear correlation between Vg and VgR protein contents, further confirming that resistant strains have high reproductive fitness. Moreover, the chitin synthase A in the Bis-SEL strain was clearly up-regulated, and a mutation (H866Y) near the QRRRW in the catalytic domain caused a rise in the hydrogen bond between UDP-GlcNAc and chitin synthase, and its chitin content was higher than that in the Bis-UNSEL strain. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the Bis-SEL strain to bistrifluron was significantly recovered when it was knocked down though RNA interference. CONCLUSION The fitness advantages of bistrifluron resistance may be related to the up-regulation and mution of chitin synthase A. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Gong
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuegui Wang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyue Zhang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhan
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuirong Zhang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ali Hasnain
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanwei Ruan
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Litao Shen
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Barbosa MG, André TPP, Pontes ADS, Souza SA, Oliveira NRX, Pastori PL. Insecticide Rotation and Adaptive Fitness Cost Underlying Insecticide Resistance Management for Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:882-892. [PMID: 32632568 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rotation of insecticide modes of action is recommended to delay selection for insecticide resistance. In this study, larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) were exposed alternately to spinetoram and metaflumizone with insecticidal and biological response determined. Five generations (G) were evaluated with at least 200 larvae assayed per treatment. The experiment consisted of rearing field-collected and untreated larvae (M-Control), larvae with successive applications of either metaflumizone (M-MET) or spinetoram (M-SPI), and alternation of these insecticides (M-Rotation treatment) consisting of the following treatments: G2 = exposure to SPI, G3 = exposure to MET, G4 = exposure to SPI, G5 = exposure to MET, and G6 = exposure to SPI. Four days after application, those surviving larvae were used to compose the following generations. In the G7, evaluations were made on the selected populations M-MET, M-SPI, M-Rotation, and control larvae to determine biological characteristics used to calculate the fertility life table parameters and further comparisons across treatments. The frequency of resistance was increased at rate of 49.5% and 29.2% after five generations of selection pressure with MET and SPI, respectively. However, rotation of insecticides reduced the frequency of resistance about 50% over the generations. Individuals originated from successive exposures to the insecticides exhibited delayed egg incubation, greater percentage of pupae with deformation, longer larval and pupal periods, and reduction in emergence rate and longevity of adults, suggesting adaptive costs associated with resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Barbosa
- IN Soluções Biológicas LTDA, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
- Univ. Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2.977, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60356-001, Brasil
| | - T P P André
- Univ. Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2.977, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60356-001, Brasil
| | - A D S Pontes
- Univ. Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2.977, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60356-001, Brasil
| | - S A Souza
- Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Univ. Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - N R X Oliveira
- Univ. Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2.977, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60356-001, Brasil
| | - P L Pastori
- Univ. Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2.977, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60356-001, Brasil.
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9
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Bo H, Miaomiao R, Jianfeng F, Sufang H, Xia W, Elzaki MEA, Chris B, Palli SR, Jianya S. Xenobiotic transcription factors CncC and maf regulate expression of CYP321A16 and CYP332A1 that mediate chlorpyrifos resistance in Spodoptera exigua. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122971. [PMID: 32512455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Insect cytochrome P450 s (P450 s) are associated with the metabolic detoxification of toxic xenobiotics and their constitutive upregulation is often associated with resistance to natural and synthetic toxicants. The P450 s CYP321A16 and CYP332A1 are constitutively overexpressed in an insecticide-resistant strain of beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua. However, the function and upstream regulation of these two P450 s remain unknown. Here, we investigated the function of CYP321A16 and CYP332A1 in resistance to the organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos and their regulation by the transcription factors CncC and Maf. Transgenic strains of Drosophila melanogaster expressing CYP321A16 or CYP332A1 showed higher levels of tolerance to chlorpyrifos than the control flies with the same genetic background. Furthermore, recombinant CYP321A16 and CYP332A1 proteins metabolized chlorpyrifos. Analysis of the putative promoter sequences of the genes coding for CYP321A16 and CYP332A1 revealed conserved CncC/Maf binding sites. Transfection of luciferase reporter plasmids containing the promoter of CYP450 gene together with CncC and Maf expression plasmids significantly enhanced the activity of the reporter. Promoter truncation identified a site in the promoter of CYP321A16 that is critical for the CncC/Maf binding. These data demonstrate that resistance to chlorpyrifos in S. exigua is conferred by the combined action of CYP321A16 and CYP332A1 and uncovered their regulation by the transcription factors CncC and Maf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Bo
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ren Miaomiao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fan Jianfeng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huang Sufang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wang Xia
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Bass Chris
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
| | - Su Jianya
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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10
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Shen J, Li Z, Li D, Wang R, Zhang S, You H, Li J. Biochemical Mechanisms, Cross-resistance and Stability of Resistance to Metaflumizone in Plutella xylostella. INSECTS 2020; 11:E311. [PMID: 32429053 PMCID: PMC7291261 DOI: 10.3390/insects11050311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) is an important pest of cruciferous crops worldwide. It has developed resistance to many conventional and novel insecticide classes. Metaflumizone belongs to the new chemical class of semicarbazone insecticides. To delay the development of metaflumizone resistance in P. xylostella and to guide insecticide use in the field, the biochemical mechanisms, cross-resistance spectrum, and stability of resistance to metaflumizone were studied in a laboratory-selected resistant strain (metaflu-SEL). Synergism tests with the carboxylesterase inhibitor triphenyl phosphate (TPP), the glutathione S-transferase depletor diethyl maleate (DEM), and the P450 inhibitor piperonyl butoxide(PBO) had no obvious effect on metaflumizone in the metaflu-SEL strain and the susceptible strain (SS) of P. xylostella, with synergism ratios that ranged from 1.02 to 1.86. Biochemical studies revealed that the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase increased only 1.13-fold in the metaflu-SEL strain compared with the UNSEL stain; meanwhile, carboxylesterase and glutathione S-transferase activity showed no difference. These results suggest that these detoxification enzymes may be not actively involved in metaflumizone resistance. Furthermore, the metaflu-SEL population showed a moderate level of cross-resistance to indoxacarb (11.63-fold), but only very low cross-resistance to spinosad (1.75-fold), spinetoram (3.52-fold), abamectin (2.81-fold), beta-cypermethrin (0.71-fold), diafenthiuron (0.79-fold), chlorantraniliprole (2.16-fold), BT (WG-001) (3.34-fold), chlorfenapyr (0.49-fold), and chlorfluazuron (0.97-fold). Moreover, metaflumizone resistance decreased from 1087.85- to 1.23-fold in the metaflu-SEL strain after 12 generations without exposure to metaflumizone. These results are useful for formulating insecticide resistance management strategies to control P. xylostella and to delay the development of metaflumizone resistance in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- College of Horticulture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang 464000, China;
| | - Zhao Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (D.L.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Dongyang Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (D.L.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Rumeng Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (D.L.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (D.L.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hong You
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (D.L.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jianhong Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (D.L.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Y.)
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11
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Mallott M, Hamm S, Troczka BJ, Randall E, Pym A, Grant C, Baxter S, Vogel H, Shelton AM, Field LM, Williamson MS, Paine M, Zimmer CT, Slater R, Elias J, Bass C. A flavin-dependent monooxgenase confers resistance to chlorantraniliprole in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 115:103247. [PMID: 31626952 PMCID: PMC6880784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is a damaging pest of cruciferous crops, and has evolved resistance to many of the insecticides used for control, including members of the diamide class. Previous work on the molecular basis of resistance to diamides has documented mutations in the target-site, the ryanodine receptor, in resistant populations of P. xylostella worldwide. In contrast the role of metabolic resistance to this insecticide class is significantly less clear. Here we show that overexpression of a flavin-dependent monooxgenase (FMO) confers resistance to the diamide chlorantraniliprole in P. xylostella. Transcriptome profiling of diamide resistant strains, with and without target-site resistance, revealed constitutive over-expression of several transcripts encoding detoxification enzymes compared to susceptible strains. Two of these, CYP6BG1, and PxFMO2 were particularly highly overexpressed (33,000 and 14,700-fold, respectively) in a resistant strain (HAW) lacking target-site resistance. After 17 generations without diamide selection the resistance of the HAW strain fell by 52-fold and the expression of PxFMO2 by > 1300-fold, however, the expression of CYP6BG1 declined by only 3-fold. Generation of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster expressing these genes demonstrated that PxFMO2, but not CYP6BG1, confers resistance in vivo. Overexpression of PxFMO2 in the HAW strain is associated with mutations, including a putative transposable element insertion, in the promoter of this gene. These enhance the expression of a reporter gene when expressed in a lepidopteran cell line suggesting they are, at least in part, responsible for the overexpression of PxFMO2 in the resistant strain. Our results provide new evidence that insect FMOs can be recruited to provide resistance to synthetic insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mallott
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Sarah Hamm
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Bartlomiej J Troczka
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Emma Randall
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Adam Pym
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Charles Grant
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Simon Baxter
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Heiko Vogel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Anthony M Shelton
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University AgriTech, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Linda M Field
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Martin S Williamson
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Mark Paine
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christoph T Zimmer
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Werk Stein, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein, Switzerland
| | - Russell Slater
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Werk Stein, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein, Switzerland
| | - Jan Elias
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Werk Stein, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein, Switzerland
| | - Chris Bass
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
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Sun XX, Li HY, Jiang YJ, Zhang JX, Gu HL, Gao B, Ma JJ, Wang F, Zhou JC, Tian XR, Su J, Wang K. Resistance Risk Evaluated by Metaflumizone Selection and the Effects on Toxicities Over Other Insecticides in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:2354-2361. [PMID: 31219572 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metaflumizone is a novel semicarbazone insecticide. It functions as a sodium channel blocker insecticide (SCBI) with excellent insecticidal activity on most economically important lepidopterous pests. This study assessed the resistance risk of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to metaflumizone in the laboratory and the effects of metaflumizone selection on toxicities to other insecticides. Spodoptera exigua collected from a field population at Huizhou in 2012 were successively challenged by metaflumizone to evaluate the risk of resistance evolution. Twelve generations of selection increased resistance to metaflumizone by 3.4-fold and threshold trait analysis revealed that the realized heritability (h2) of this resistance was 0.086. When h2 was equal to 0.086 and 90% of individuals were killed at each generation, LC50 to metaflumizone increased by 10-fold after 15 generations. The selection by metaflumizone did not increase the resistance to indoxacarb, chlorantraniliprole, spinosad, methomyl, or endosulfan, suggesting a lack of cross-resistance. However, metaflumizone challenge upheld the recession of resistance to emamectin benzoate, chlorfluazuron, and tebufenozide. The block of resistance drops by metaflumizone exposure implied a possible cross-resistance between metaflumizone and these three insecticides. These results contribute to integrated resistance management of S. exigua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Sun
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
- Institute of Modern Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Reclamation and Development Corporation, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Yang Li
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Ying-Jie Jiang
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Jun-Xi Zhang
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Hui-Ling Gu
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Jing-Jing Ma
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Jia-Chun Zhou
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Xiang-Rui Tian
- Institute of Modern Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Reclamation and Development Corporation, Nanjing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianya Su
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
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13
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Transcriptome Analysis of Sogatella furcifera (Homoptera: Delphacidae) in Response to Sulfoxaflor and Functional Verification of Resistance-Related P450 Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184573. [PMID: 31540185 PMCID: PMC6770238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The white-back planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera, is a major rice pest in China and in some other rice-growing countries of Asia. The extensive use of pesticides has resulted in severe resistance of S. furcifera to variety of chemical insecticides. Sulfoxaflor is a new diamide insecticide that acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in insects. The aim of this study was to explore the key genes related to the development of resistance to sulfoxaflor in S. furcifera and to verify their functions. Transcriptomes were compared between white-back planthoppers from a susceptible laboratory strain (Sus-Lab) and Sus-Lab screened with the sublethal LC25 dose of sulfoxaflor for six generations (SF-Sel). Two P450 genes (CYP6FD1 and CYP4FD2) and three transcription factors (NlE78sf, C2H2ZF1 and C2H2ZF3) with upregulated expression verified by qRT-PCR were detected in the Sus-Lab and SF-Sel strains. The functions of CYP6FD1 and CYP4FD2 were analyzed by RNA interference, and the relative normalized expressions of CYP6FD1 and CYP4FD2 in the SF-Sel population were lower than under dsGFP treatment after dsRNA injection. Moreover, the mortality rates of SF-Sel population treated with the LC50 concentration of sulfoxaflor after the injecting of dsRNA targeting CYP6FD1 and CYP4FD2 were significantly higher than in the dsGFP group from 72 h to 96 h (p < 0.05), and mortality in the CYP6FD1 knockdown group was clearly higher than that of the CYP4FD2 knockdown group. The interaction between the tertiary structures of CYP6FD1 and CYP4FD2 and sulfoxaflor was also predicted, and CYP6FD1 showed a stronger metabolic ability to process sulfoxaflor. Therefore, overexpression of CYP6FD1 and CYP4FD2 may be one of the primary factors in the development of sulfoxaflor resistance in S. furcifera.
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14
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Hu B, Huang H, Wei Q, Ren M, Mburu DK, Tian X, Su J. Transcription factors CncC/Maf and AhR/ARNT coordinately regulate the expression of multiple GSTs conferring resistance to chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in Spodoptera exigua. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2009-2019. [PMID: 30610747 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a superfamily of multifunctional dimeric proteins existing in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. They are involved in the detoxification of both endogenous and exogenous electrophiles, including insecticides. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of GST genes in insects are poorly understood. RESULTS We first identified at least three GST genes involved in resistance to the insecticides chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin. Analysis of upstream sequences revealed that three GSTs (SeGSTo2, SeGSTe6 and SeGSTd3) harbor the same cap 'n' collar C/muscle aponeurosis fibromatosis (CncC/Maf) binding site, and SeGSTo2 and SeGSTe6 contain the aryl hydrocarbon receptor/aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (AhR/ARNT) binding site. Luciferase reporter assay showed co-transfection of reporter plasmid containing the SeGSTe6 promoter with CncC and/or Maf expressing constructs significantly boosted transcription. Similarly, AhR and/or ARNT expressing constructs also significantly increased the promoter activities. The co-transfection of mutated reporter plasmid with CncC/Maf or AhR/ARNT did not increase transcription activity anymore. Constitutive over-expression of CncC, Maf and AhR was also found in the HZ16 strain, which might be the molecular mechanism for up-regulated expression of multiple detoxification genes conferring resistance to insecticides. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CncC/Maf and AhR/ARNT coordinately regulate the expression of multiple GST genes involved in insecticide resistance in Spodoptera exigua. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - He Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaomiao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - David K Mburu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangrui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianya Su
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Knock-Down of Gossypol-Inducing Cytochrome P450 Genes Reduced Deltamethrin Sensitivity in Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092248. [PMID: 31067723 PMCID: PMC6539524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants employ an intricate and dynamic defense system that includes physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms to counteract the effects of herbivorous attacks. In addition to their tolerance to phytotoxins, beet armyworm has quickly developed resistance to deltamethrin; a widely used pyrethroid insecticide in cotton fields. The lethal concentration (LC50) required to kill 50% of the population of deltamethrin to gossypol-fed Spodoptera exigua larvae was 2.34-fold higher than the control group, suggesting a reduced sensitivity as a consequence of the gossypol diet. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) treatment was found to synergize with deltamethrin in gossypol-fed S. exigua larvae. To counteract these defensive plant secondary metabolites, beet armyworm elevates their production of detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s). Gossypol-fed beet armyworm larvae showed higher 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD) activities and exhibited enhanced tolerance to deltamethrin after 48 and 72 h when compared to the control. Moreover, gossypol pretreated S. exigua larvae showed faster weight gain than the control group after transferring to a deltamethrin-supplemented diet. Meanwhile, gossypol-induced P450s exhibited high divergence in the expression level of two P450 genes: CYP6AB14 and CYP9A98 in the midgut and fat bodies contributed to beet armyworm tolerance to deltamethrin. Knocking down of CYP6AB14 and CYP9A98, via double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA) in a controlled diet, rendered the larvae more sensitive to the insecticide. These data demonstrate that generalist insects can exploit secondary metabolites from host plants to enhance their defense systems against other toxic chemicals. Impairing this defense pathway by RNA interference (RNAi) holds a potential to eliminate the pest’s tolerance to insecticides and, therefore, reduce the required dosages of agrochemicals in pest control.
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16
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Hafeez M, Jan S, Nawaz M, Ali E, Ali B, Qasim M, Fernández-Grandon GM, Shahid M, Wang M. Sub-lethal effects of lufenuron exposure on spotted bollworm Earias vittella (Fab): key biological traits and detoxification enzymes activity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:14300-14312. [PMID: 30864030 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spotted bollworm, Earias vittella, is one of the most serious and devastating insect pests of vegetables and cotton. Currently, insecticides are necessary for its control in nearly all crop systems. In this paper, we evaluate the sub-lethal effects of lufenuron on biological traits and activity of detoxification enzymes: cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, esterase, and glutathione S-transeferase (GST) in second instar larvae of E. vittella. Results showed that sub-lethal concentrations (LC15 and LC40 of lufenuron), prolonged larval period (at LC40 = 13.86 ± 1.22 day, LC15 = 13.14 ± 1.15 day, control = 12.28 ± 0.7), pupal duration (LC40 = 11.1 ± day, LC15 = 11.8 ± 0.28 day, control = 9.40 ± 0.52), and extended mean generation time (LC40 = 27.3 ± 0.43 LC15 = 29.0 ± 1.19 day, control = 26.0 ± 0.65). Sub-lethal exposure significantly prolonged the pre-adult stage, decreased pupal weight, and reduced adult longevity in the parent (F0) and F1 generation. Moreover, the fecundity and egg viability were significantly lowered in parental and F1 generations at both sub-lethal concentrations compared to the control. While no significant effects were noted on reproductive parameters such as the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproduction rate (R0) of F1 generation when compared to the control. Only mean generation time (T) in F1 at LC15 was significantly longer compared to the LC40 and control (LC40 = 3.79 ± 0.37, LC15 = 32.28 ± 1.55 day, control = 29.79 ± 0.55). Comparatively, the activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and esterase were higher than GST in treated populations. The increase in resistance development against insecticides may possibly because of elevated activity of detoxification enzymes. These results provide useful information for monitoring resistance in integrated pest management (IPM) programs for E. vittella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hafeez
- Hube Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Saad Jan
- Department of Agriculture Entomology section, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Pirsabak, Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ehsan Ali
- Hube Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Bahar Ali
- Hube Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | | | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mo Wang
- Hube Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Hu B, Zhang S, Ren M, Tian X, Wei Q, Mburu DK, Su J. The expression of Spodoptera exigua P450 and UGT genes: tissue specificity and response to insecticides. INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 26:199-216. [PMID: 28881445 PMCID: PMC7379962 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucosyltransferase (UGT) as phase I and phase II metabolism enzymes, respectively, play vital roles in the breakdown of endobiotics and xenobiotics. Insects can increase the expression of detoxification enzymes to cope with the stress from xenobiotics including insecticides. However, the molecular mechanisms for insecticide detoxification in Spodoptera exigua remain elusive, and the genes conferring insecticide metabolisms in this species are less well reported. In this study, 68 P450 and 32 UGT genes were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed gene expansions in CYP3 and CYP4 clans of P450 genes and UGT33 family of this pest. P450 and UGT genes exhibited specific tissue expression patterns. Insecticide treatments in fat body cells of S. exigua revealed that the expression levels of P450 and UGT genes were significantly influenced by challenges of abamectin, lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, metaflumizone and indoxacarb. Multiple genes for detoxification were affected in expression levels after insecticide exposures. The results demonstrated that lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, metaflumizone and indoxacarb induced similar responses in the expression of P450 and UGT genes in fat body cells; eight P450 genes and four UGT genes were co-up-regulated significantly, and no or only a few CYP/UGT genes were down-regulated significantly by these four insecticides. However, abamectin triggered a distinct response for P450 and UGT gene expression; more P450 and UGT genes were down-regulated by abamectin than by the other four compounds. In conclusion, P450 and UGT genes from S. exigua were identified, and different responses to abamectin suggest a different mechanism for insecticide detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Shu‐Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Miao‐Miao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiang‐Rui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - David Kibe Mburu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jian‐Ya Su
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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Hafeez M, Liu S, Jan S, Ali B, Shahid M, Fernández-Grandon GM, Nawaz M, Ahmad A, Wang M. Gossypol-induced fitness gain and increased resistance to deltamethrin in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:683-693. [PMID: 30094908 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plant-insect interactions, phytotoxins such as gossypol, exert a defensive role on behalf of the plant by interfering with the essential metabolic, biochemical and physiological pathways of herbivorous insects. The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), is a key pest for many important crops including a range of vegetables, ornamentals, and cotton. In this study, we investigated how resistance to deltamethrin relates to enzyme activity in gossypol-pretreated larvae of S. exigua. RESULTS Following selection with deltamethrin insecticides on gossypol-pretreated larvae for 10 generations, the Gos-SEL population developed a 113.29-fold resistance. Under the same conditions, the Delta-SEL selected population showed a 69.76-fold increase in resistance along with corresponding levels of xenobiotic defense enzyme activity. Similarly, the fecundity of the Delta-SEL population together with male and female longevity were found to be significantly lower when compared with the Gos-SEL population and the laboratory susceptible-strain group (SS-Strain). In addition, the activities of cytochrome P450s in S. exigua were significantly enhanced when the insects were fed on a deltamethrin and gossypol-pretreated diet compared with being fed on deltamethrin alone. CONCLUSION The reproductive capacity of S. exigua is significantly reduced in Delta-SEL and Gos-SEL populations compared with the control group (SS-Strain). Elevation of the major detoxification enzyme cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and esterase might have an important role in inducing tolerance to deltamethrin in gossypol-fed S. exigua populations. This study enhances our understanding of detoxification enzyme pathways for S. exigua gene expression and their role in responses to insecticides and plant secondary metabolites. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hafeez
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University
| | - Sisi Liu
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Saad Jan
- Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Department of Agriculture Entomology
| | - Bahar Ali
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Guandong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University
| | - Aqeel Ahmad
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University
| | - Mo Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University
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Samantsidis GR, O'Reilly AO, Douris V, Vontas J. Functional validation of target-site resistance mutations against sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) via molecular modeling and genome engineering in Drosophila. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 104:73-81. [PMID: 30572019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) like indoxacarb and metaflumizone offer an alternative insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategy against several pests that are resistant to other compounds. However, resistance to SCBIs has been reported in several pests, in most cases implicating metabolic resistance mechanisms, although in certain indoxacarb resistant populations of Plutella xylostella and Tuta absoluta, two mutations in the domain IV S6 segment of the voltage-gated sodium channel, F1845Y and V1848I have been identified, and have been postulated through in vitro electrophysiological studies to contribute to target-site resistance. In order to functionally validate in vivo each mutation in the absence of confounding resistance mechanisms, we have employed a CRISPR/Cas9 strategy to generate strains of Drosophila melanogaster bearing homozygous F1845Y or V1848I mutations in the para (voltage-gated sodium channel) gene. We performed toxicity bioassays of these strains compared to wild-type controls of the same genetic background. Our results indicate both mutations confer moderate resistance to indoxacarb (RR: 6-10.2), and V1848I to metaflumizone (RR: 8.4). However, F1845Y confers very strong resistance to metaflumizone (RR: >3400). Our molecular modeling studies suggest a steric hindrance mechanism may account for the resistance of both V1848I and F1845Y mutations, whereby introducing larger side chains may inhibit metaflumizone binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- George-Rafael Samantsidis
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion Crete, Greece; Laboratory of Molecular Entomology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR-700 13, Heraklion Crete, Greece
| | - Andrias O O'Reilly
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Vassilis Douris
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion Crete, Greece.
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion Crete, Greece; Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
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20
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Cui L, Wang Q, Qi H, Wang Q, Yuan H, Rui C. Resistance selection of indoxacarb in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): cross-resistance, biochemical mechanisms and associated fitness costs. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:2636-2644. [PMID: 29707889 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera is a worldwide insect pest with the ability to develop resistance to many insecticides. Indoxacarb, a sodium channel blocker, is an important insecticide that is used to control H. armigera. Cross-resistance, metabolic mechanisms and life history traits were established for an indoxacarb-selected (IND-SEL) population of H. armigera. RESULTS After 11 generations of selection, the susceptibility to indoxacarb was decreased by 4.43-fold and the estimated realized heritability (h2 ) was only 0.072. Interestingly, the IND-SEL population was more susceptible to methoxyfenozide and abamectin than the susceptible population. The activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) and carboxyl esterase (CarE) were significantly increased in IND-SEL H. armigera. Thus, susceptibility to indoxacarb was increased by piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorothioate, showing synergistic ratios of 2.54- and 1.82-fold, respectively. Moreover, the IND-SEL population had a reduced relative fitness (0.67), with a lower growth rate and fecundity than the susceptible population. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from this study suggests that decreased susceptibility to indoxacarb may be associated with fitness costs in H. armigera and enhanced activities of P450 and CarE may be important detoxification mechanisms in the development of indoxacarb resistance. Methoxyfenozide and abamectin can be rotationally used to manage indoxacarb resistance. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cui
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haoliang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huizhu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changhui Rui
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Tian X, Zhao S, Guo Z, Hu B, Wei Q, Tang Y, Su J. Molecular characterization, expression pattern and metabolic activity of flavin-dependent monooxygenases in Spodoptera exigua. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 27:533-544. [PMID: 29749684 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced detoxification is one of the important mechanisms for insecticide resistance. Most research in this field to date has focused on the role of cytochrome P450s. Our previous work revealed that flavin-dependent monooxygenases (FMOs) were involved in metabolic resistance of Spodoptera exigua. In the present study we investigated the molecular characteristics, expression patterns and oxidative activities of SeFMO on insecticides. Three FMO genes, which encode proteins with the typical FMO motifs, were cloned from S. exigua. The oxidative activities of eukaryotically expressed SeFMO enzymes were verified with the model substrate of FMO. Importantly, the SeFMOs had significantly higher oxidative activities on metaflumizone and lambda-cyhalothrin than on model substrates and other insecticides tested. The three SeFMOs were mainly expressed in the midgut, fat body and Malpighian tubules. The tissues responsible for xenobiotic metabolism and their expression characteristics were similar to those of P450s acting as detoxification genes. The study also revealed that the expression of SeFMOs could be induced by insecticide exposure, and that SeFMOs were over-expressed in a metaflumizone-resistant strain of S. exigua. These results suggest that SeFMOs are important insecticide detoxifying enzymes, and that over-expression of FMO genes may be one of the mechanisms for metabolic resistance in S. exigua.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Tian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Zhao
- Zoonbio Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - B Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Tang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Su
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Saddiq B, Ejaz M, Shad SA, Aslam M. Assessing the combined toxicity of conventional and newer insecticides on the cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1240-1249. [PMID: 28865048 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduced susceptibility to insecticides often results in failure of insect pest control and repetitive use of broad-spectrum insecticides, which could have detrimental effects on beneficial arthropods and surrounding agro-ecosystems. The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is a pest of worldwide importance that can be effectively controlled using a number of insecticides. This insect has developed resistance due to injudicious use and repeated exposure to insecticides throughout the year. The aim of the present study was to investigate the toxicity of the insecticides chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, spinosad, emamectin benzoate and indoxacarb tested either singly or in combination on laboratory susceptible (Lab-PK) and field population (Field Pop) of P. solenopsis. In the Field Pop, combination of chlorpyrifos with either spinosad or emamectin benzoate or indoxacarb showed a synergistic effect at 1:1, 1:10 and 1:20. The combination of deltamethrin with either emamectin benzoate or indoxacarb at all ratios showed synergistic effect, while the combination of deltamethrin with spinosad at 1:1 and 1:20 ratios showed antagonistic effects and that at 1:10 ratio showed synergistic effect against Field Pop. The results of synergism experiments using piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF) enzyme inhibitors, when combined with insecticides against the Field Pop, toxicities of all tested insecticides were significantly increased. The present study suggests that insecticide combinations and synergism could help achieve effective control of less susceptible populations of P. solenopsis. This would contribute to suitably managing resistance of this pest to insecticides with reduced negative impacts on the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Saddiq
- University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Masood Ejaz
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Sarfraz Ali Shad
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
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Tak JH, Jovel E, Isman MB. Effects of rosemary, thyme and lemongrass oils and their major constituents on detoxifying enzyme activity and insecticidal activity in Trichoplusia ni. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 140:9-16. [PMID: 28755700 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been many reports on the synergistic interactions among the major constituents of plant essential oils regarding insecticidal activity, their underlying mechanism of synergy is poorly understood. In our previous studies, we found each of the two most abundant constituents of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.) essential oils can be synergistic against the larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni at their natural proportion or equivalent blending ratios. In the present study, we investigated whether the enhanced toxicity between the major constituents could be the result of inhibited enzyme activity of cytochrome P450s, general esterases or glutathione S-transferases which are highly related to the development of insecticide resistance. Overall, although some combinations showed mild inhibitory activity, at least for these essential oils and their major constituents, inhibition of detoxication enzyme activity is unlikely to be a direct cause of increased toxicity in the cabbage looper. The results point to other factors, such as multiple modes-of-action or enhanced penetration through the cuticular layer, playing important roles in the elevated insecticidal activity. Moreover, application of enzyme inhibitors sometimes resulted in decreased activity when mixed with the target compounds, but these antagonistic interactions disappeared when they were applied separately, suggesting that the enzyme inhibitors can sometimes influence the penetrations of toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyung Tak
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Eduardo Jovel
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Murray B Isman
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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24
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Shen J, Li D, Zhang S, Zhu X, Wan H, Li J. Fitness and inheritance of metaflumizone resistance in Plutella xylostella. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 139:53-59. [PMID: 28595922 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) has developed resistance to many types of insecticides in the field. To study inheritance and fitness cost of metaflumizone resistance, a susceptible strain of diamondback moth was continuously selected with metaflumizone during 37 generations under laboratory conditions. The resistance to metaflumizone was at a high level (resistance ratios from 250.37 to 1450.47-fold). We investigated a metaflumizone resistance strain (G27) and a susceptible strain of P. xylostella, using the age-stage, two-sex life table approach. Compared to the susceptible strain, egg duration, the developmental time of the first and second instar larvae, pupae duration, adult preoviposition period (APOP), total preoviposition period (TPOP), egg hatchability, the survival rate of second instar larva and the mean generation time (T) were significantly differences in the resistant strain. The resistant strain had a relative fitness of 0.78. The inheritance of metaflumizone resistance was also studied by crossing the metaflumizone resistant and susceptible populations. Results revealed an autosomal and incompletely recessive mode of inheritance for metaflumizone resistance in the resistant population of P. xylostella. The present study provided useful information for planning potential management strategies to delay development of metaflumizone resistance in P. xylostella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hu Wan
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jianhong Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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25
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Wei Q, Hu B, Xue Y, Mburu DK, Tao X, Su J. Effects of methimazole on Drosophila glucolipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 196:54-60. [PMID: 28341216 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Methimazole (MMI) is an antithyroid agent widely used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, and metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes and flavin-containing monooxygenases in mammals. However, drug overdose and the inadequate detoxification of the metabolite(s) are responsible for hepatocellular damage and organ dysfunction. Depending on the desired properties, Drosophila melanogaster has recently emerged as an ideal model organism for the study of human diseases. Here we investigated the changes in metabolic profiles and mRNA expressions related to glucolipid metabolism in response to treatment with MMI in Drosophila. Remarkable loss of lifespan occurred in fruit flies fed on the diets containing 10 or 30mM MMI compared to unsupplemented controls. To examine whether MMI affects glucolipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo, fruit flies were fed diets containing 30mM MMI for two weeks and Drosophila S2 cells were incubated with 300μM MMI for 48h. Measurements of metabolites showed that triglyceride content dramatically decreased (30.56% in vivo and 18.13% in vitro), and glycogen content significantly increased (10.7% in vivo and 126.8% in vitro). Quantitative analyses indicated that mRNA expression levels of Dmfmo1, s6k, dilp2, acc and dilp5 genes involved in metabolic homeostasis were remarkably down-regulated in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile, the addition of MMI could significantly reduce the lipid droplet content in S2 cells by approximately 25% compared to control subjects. These data may provide a biological basis for the study of MMI on disease symptoms and complications, and discovery of therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wei
- Department of Pesticide Sciences, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Pesticide Sciences, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Pesticide Sciences, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - David Kibe Mburu
- Department of Pesticide Sciences, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Tao
- Department of Pesticide Sciences, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianya Su
- Department of Pesticide Sciences, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, China.
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Ullah S, Ejaz M, Ali Shad S. Study of Synergism, Antagonism, and Resistance Mechanisms in Insecticide-Resistant Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:615-623. [PMID: 28158628 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) is an economic and key pest of the Malvaceae family widely distributed in the world. Significant field resistance to cypermethrin (26.69-fold), chlorpyrifos (32.60-fold), methomyl (10.87), acetamiprid (20.63-fold), fipronil (5.84-fold), and spirotetramat (116.02-fold) has been reported. Cypermethrin combined with methomyl and spirotetramat, methomyl with spirotetramat, acetamiprid with spirotetramat, and fipronil with spirotetramat had synergistic effects (combination index, (CI) in a laboratory population of O. hyalinipennis named Lab-PK. Methomyl combined with acetamiprid and acetamiprid with fipronil had synergistic effects on O. hyalinipennis in a field in Multan named Field-POP. Cypermethrin combined with methomyl and spirotetramat; chlorpyrifos with methomyl, acetamiprid, and spirotetramat; methomyl with acetamiprid and spirotetramat; and fipronil with spirotetramat also had synergistic effects on O. hyalinipennis in Field-POP. Enzyme inhibitors piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-tri-n-butyl phosphorotrithioate significantly increased the toxicity of chlorpyrifos, methomyl, acetamiprid, and spirotetramat to O. hyalinipennis in Field-POP, suggesting a monooxygenase- and esterase-based resistance mechanism. However, fipronil did not synergize with PBO and DEF. This study suggests that insecticide mixtures showing synergism must be determined for insecticide resistance management and other strategies such as rotations, mosaics, and cultural control should also be considered for the management of O. hyalinipennis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ullah
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab 60800, Pakistan (; ; )
| | - Masood Ejaz
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab 60800, Pakistan (; ; )
| | - Sarfraz Ali Shad
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab 60800, Pakistan (; ; )
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Chipiso K, Simoyi RH. Electrochemistry-coupled to mass spectrometry in simulation of metabolic oxidation of methimazole: Identification and characterization of metabolites. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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