1
|
Sandu-Bălan (Tăbăcariu) A, Ifrim IL, Patriciu OI, Ștefănescu IA, Fînaru AL. Walnut By-Products and Elderberry Extracts-Sustainable Alternatives for Human and Plant Health. Molecules 2024; 29:498. [PMID: 38276576 PMCID: PMC10819889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A current alternative for sustainable development through green chemistry is the replacement of synthetic compounds with natural ones through the superior capitalization of natural resources, with numerous applications in different fields. The benefits of walnuts (Juglans regia L.) and elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) have been known since ancient times, due to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, polyphenols, carotenoids, alkaloids, nitrogen-containing compounds, tannins, steroids, anthocyanins, etc. These active compounds have multiple biological activities for human health, including benefits that are antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, neuroprotective, etc. Like other medicinal plants, the walnut and the elderberry possess important phytosanitary properties (antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal) and their extracts can also be used as environmentally safe biopesticides, with the result that they constitute a viable and cheap alternative to environmentally harmful synthetic products. During recent years, walnut by-products and elderberries have attracted the attention of researchers, and investigations have focused on the species' valuable constituents and active properties. Comparing the information from the literature regarding the phytochemical profile and biological activities, it is highlighted that, apart from the predominant specific compounds, the walnut and the elderberry have common bioactive compounds, which come from six classes (phenols and derivatives, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, tannins, triterpenoids, and phytosteroids), and act on the same microorganisms. From this perspective, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the bioactive compounds present in the different constitutive parts of walnut by-products and elderberries, which present a specific or common activity related to human health and the protection of agricultural crops in the context of sustainable development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Sandu-Bălan (Tăbăcariu)
- Doctoral School in Environmental Engineering, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 157 Marasesti Str., 600115 Bacau, Romania;
| | - Irina-Loredana Ifrim
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 157 Marasesti Str., 600115 Bacau, Romania (A.-L.F.)
| | - Oana-Irina Patriciu
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 157 Marasesti Str., 600115 Bacau, Romania (A.-L.F.)
| | - Ioana-Adriana Ștefănescu
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 157 Marasesti Str., 600115 Bacau, Romania (A.-L.F.)
| | - Adriana-Luminița Fînaru
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 157 Marasesti Str., 600115 Bacau, Romania (A.-L.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Suri S, Khan SS, Naeem S, Majeed S, Sultana N, Khadim S, Khan RA. A two-generational reproductive study to assess the effects of Juglans regia on reproductive developments in the male and female rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e275534. [PMID: 38055579 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollutants and lifestyle severely threaten human and animal health, leading to disturbances of various functions, including infertility. So, exploring a safe treatment that could effectively reverse infertility remains a challenge. The current study was intended to explore the fertility-enhancing effect of Juglans Regia oil in two successive generations of rats; F0 and F1. J. Regia oil was initially tested for in vitro antioxidant assay via ROS and DPPH, followed by in vivo toxicity testing. In the fertility assessment, eighteen pairs of male and female rats (n=36, 1:1, F0 generation) were divided into three groups and dosed with 1 mL/kg and 2 mL/kg daily of J. Regia oil and saline, respectively, up to pre-cohabitation, cohabitation, gestation and lactation periods. The reproductive performance, including body weight, live birth index, fertility index, and litter size, was assessed. Hormonal and antioxidant markers of F1 generations were assessed with the histopathological evaluation of male and female organs. The oil of J. Regia showed great antioxidant potential (P < 0.05) in DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) methods (P<0.05). The continued exposure of the F0 and F1 generations to J. Regia oil did not affect body weight, fertility index, litter size, and survival index. We have found pronounced fertility outcomes in both genders of F0 and F1 generations with J. Regia 2 mL/kg/day in comparison to the control. Results showed that J. Regia significantly increased (P < 0.05) luteinizing hormone (LH), plasma testosterone, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in both generations. Histology of both generations reveals improved spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis with enhanced architecture. Altogether, the present results suggest that J. Regia improved fertility in both male and female rats by improving hormonal activities and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Suri
- University of Karachi, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Karachi, Pakistan
- Ziauddin University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S S Khan
- University of Karachi, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Naeem
- Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Majeed
- Ziauddin University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Sultana
- University of Karachi, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Khadim
- University of Karachi, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - R A Khan
- University of Karachi, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Altemimi AB, Al‐haliem SM, Alkanan ZT, Mohammed MJ, Hesarinejad MA, Najm MAA, Bouymajane A, Cacciola F, Abedelmaksoud TG. Exploring the phenolic profile, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of walnut leaves ( Juglans regia L.). Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6845-6853. [PMID: 37970415 PMCID: PMC10630819 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify phenolic compounds in walnut leaves from northern Iraq and evaluate their ability to act as antibacterial and antioxidant agents. Phenolic compounds were determined by reversed-phase HPLC. Antibacterial activity was tested against various bacteria. Antioxidant properties were evaluated by various assays, including reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The HPLC profiles of walnut leaf fractions revealed quercetin, hydroquinone, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and caffeic acid in three fractions. The inhibitory activity of DPPH was determined as 47.66, 32.41, and 51.90 μg/mL for fractions I, II, and III, respectively. For ferric reducing power activity, fraction II > fraction III > fraction I and the FRAP activity was observed as 64.43, 73.19, and 68.18 μg/mL for fractions I, II, and III, respectively. All extracted fractions had antibacterial properties against all bacterial strains tested. Observations showed that fraction I was able to produce similar zones of inhibition as streptomycin in most cases. These results suggest that the fractions of this plant extract are plausible natural antioxidants that could be used as prime candidates for the synthesis of antioxidant drugs that can be used for the treatment of many oxidative stress-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ammar B. Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of AgricultureUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq
| | - Siba Mouid Al‐haliem
- Department of Dental Basic Sciences, College of DentistryUniversity of MosulMosulIraq
| | - Zina T. Alkanan
- Department of Food Science, College of AgricultureUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq
| | - Muthanna J. Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure SciencesUniversity of MosulMosulIraq
| | | | - Mazin A. A. Najm
- Pharmaceutical chemistry department, College of PharmacyAl‐Ayen UniversityThi‐QarIraq
| | - Aziz Bouymajane
- Team of Microbiology and Health, Laboratory of Chemistry‐Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of SciencesMoulay Ismail UniversityMeknesMorocco
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging SciencesUniversity of MessinaMessinaItaly
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tociu M, Manolache F, Bălănucă B, Moroșan A, Stan R. Superior Valorisation of Juglans regia L. Leaves of Different Maturity through the Isolation of Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:7328. [PMID: 37959748 PMCID: PMC10648215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracts rich in bioactive compounds from natural sources have received great interest due to their great impact on human health. The aim of this research is focused on the obtaining and characterization of several extracts from Juglans regia L. leaves in four different maturity phases: young green leaves (YGL), green leaves (GL), mature green leaves (MGL), and yellow leaves (YL), using different solvents: ethanol (e), water (w), or water:ethanol (1:1 (v/v)-m) by employing several methods: magnetic stirring (MS), ultrasound-assisted (UA), as well as maceration (M). The obtained extracts were quantitatively evaluated through spectrophotometric methods: Total Polyphenol Content (TPC-Folin-Ciocalteu assay) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC assay). Phytochemical screening by means of Fourier-Transform Ion-Cyclotron-Resonance High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) indicated the presence of 40 compounds belonging to different phytochemical classes: phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavones, flavanones, flavonones, flavanols, vitamins, tereponoid, steroid, anthocyanidin, and other compounds. Based on TPC and TEAC assays, the water-ethanol mixture was found to be the proper extraction solvent, with the best results being obtained for YL plant material: 146.29 mg GAE/g DM (TPC) and 11.67 mM TE/g DM (TEAC). This type of extract may be used in various domains, such as the cosmetics industry, the biomedical field, and/or the design of functional foods, relying on their phytochemical composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Tociu
- Department of Organic Chemistry “Costin Neniţescu”, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (B.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Fulvia Manolache
- National Research and Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 6 Dinu Vintilă Street, 021101 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Brîndușa Bălănucă
- Department of Organic Chemistry “Costin Neniţescu”, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (B.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alina Moroșan
- Department of Organic Chemistry “Costin Neniţescu”, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (B.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Raluca Stan
- Department of Organic Chemistry “Costin Neniţescu”, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (B.B.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dragomanova S, Andonova V, Volcho K, Salakhutdinov N, Kalfin R, Tancheva L. Therapeutic Potential of Myrtenal and Its Derivatives-A Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2086. [PMID: 37895468 PMCID: PMC10608190 DOI: 10.3390/life13102086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of monoterpenes as natural products has gained significant attention in the search for new pharmacological agents due to their ability to exhibit a wide range in biological activities, including antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, antispasmodic, hypotensive, and vasodilating properties. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal their antidepressant, anxiolytic, and memory-enhancing effects in experimental dementia and Parkinson's disease. Chemical modification of natural substances by conjugation with various synthetic components is a modern method of obtaining new biologically active compounds. The discovery of new potential drugs among monoterpene derivatives is a progressive avenue within experimental pharmacology, offering a promising approach for the therapy of diverse pathological conditions. Biologically active substances such as monoterpenes, for example, borneol, camphor, geraniol, pinene, and thymol, are used to synthesize compounds with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsive, antidepressant, anti-Alzheimer's, antiparkinsonian, antiviral and antibacterial (antituberculosis) properties. Myrtenal is a perspective monoterpenoid with therapeutic potential in various fields of medicine. Its chemical modifications often lead to new or more pronounced biological effects. As an example, the conjugation of myrtenal with the established pharmacophore adamantane enables the augmentation of several of its pivotal properties. Myrtenal-adamantane derivatives exhibited a variety of beneficial characteristics, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective properties, which are worth examining in more detail and at length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stela Dragomanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 84 A Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 9002 Varna, Bulgaria;
| | - Velichka Andonova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 84 A Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 9002 Varna, Bulgaria;
| | - Konstantin Volcho
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Av., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.V.); (N.S.)
| | - Nariman Salakhutdinov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Av., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.V.); (N.S.)
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Department of Healthcare, South-West University, 66 Ivan Mihailov St., 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
| | - Lyubka Tancheva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ashraf MV, Pant S, Khan MAH, Shah AA, Siddiqui S, Jeridi M, Alhamdi HWS, Ahmad S. Phytochemicals as Antimicrobials: Prospecting Himalayan Medicinal Plants as Source of Alternate Medicine to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:881. [PMID: 37375828 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Among all available antimicrobials, antibiotics hold a prime position in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has posed a serious threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality, and escalation in healthcare costs causing a global health crisis. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics in global healthcare setups have accelerated the development and spread of AMR, leading to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, which further limits treatment options. This creates a critical need to explore alternative approaches to combat bacterial infections. Phytochemicals have gained attention as a potential source of alternative medicine to address the challenge of AMR. Phytochemicals are structurally and functionally diverse and have multitarget antimicrobial effects, disrupting essential cellular activities. Given the promising results of plant-based antimicrobials, coupled with the slow discovery of novel antibiotics, it has become highly imperative to explore the vast repository of phytocompounds to overcome the looming catastrophe of AMR. This review summarizes the emergence of AMR towards existing antibiotics and potent phytochemicals having antimicrobial activities, along with a comprehensive overview of 123 Himalayan medicinal plants reported to possess antimicrobial phytocompounds, thus compiling the existing information that will help researchers in the exploration of phytochemicals to combat AMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Vikas Ashraf
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185 234, India
| | - Shreekar Pant
- Centre for Biodiversity Studies, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185 234, India
| | - M A Hannan Khan
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185 234, India
| | - Ali Asghar Shah
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185 234, India
| | - Sazada Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mouna Jeridi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shoeb Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185 234, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aguilar G, Calva J, Cartuche L, Salinas M, Armijos C. Chemical Constituents, Enantiomer Content, Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities of Valeriana microphylla Kunth Essential Oil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112155. [PMID: 37299143 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study of the essential oil (EO) from aerial parts (stems and leaves) of Valeriana microphylla Kunth (Valerianaceae), collected from the Saraguro community in the southern region of Ecuador, was analyzed for the first time. A total of 62 compounds were identified in V. microphylla EO by GC-FID and GC-MS on nonpolar DB-5ms and polar HP-INNOWax columns. The most abundant components (>5%) detected on DB-5ms and polar HP-INNOWax columns were α-gurjunene (11.98, 12.74%), germacrene D (11.47, 14.93%), E-caryophyllene (7.05, 7.78%), and α-copaene (6.76, 6.91%), respectively. In addition, the enantioselective analysis, carried out on a chiral column, showed (+)-α-pinene and (R)-(+)-germacrene as enantiomerically pure compounds (enantiomeric excess = 100%). The antioxidant activity was high for the radicals ABTS (SC50 = 41.82 µg/mL) and DPPH (SC50 = 89.60 µg/mL), and finally, the EO was shown to be inactive to the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), as both values were >250 µg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Aguilar
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - James Calva
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Luis Cartuche
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Melissa Salinas
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Chabaco Armijos
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Umam K, Feng CS, Yang G, Tu PC, Lin CY, Yang MT, Kuo TF, Yang WC, Tran Nguyen Minh H. Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Mode of Action of the Anti-Bacterial Artemisia Plants. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:633. [PMID: 37370564 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 70,000 people die of bacterial infections worldwide annually. Antibiotics have been liberally used to treat these diseases and, consequently, antibiotic resistance and drug ineffectiveness has been generated. In this environment, new anti-bacterial compounds are being urgently sought. Around 500 Artemisia species have been identified worldwide. Most species of this genus are aromatic and have multiple functions. Research into the Artemisia plants has expanded rapidly in recent years. Herein, we aim to update and summarize recent information about the phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of the Artemisia plants. A literature search of articles published between 2003 to 2022 in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science databases, and KNApSAcK metabolomics databases revealed that 20 Artemisia species and 75 compounds have been documented to possess anti-bacterial functions and multiple modes of action. We focus and discuss the progress in understanding the chemistry (structure and plant species source), anti-bacterial activities, and possible mechanisms of these phytochemicals. Mechanistic studies show that terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins and others (miscellaneous group) were able to destroy cell walls and membranes in bacteria and interfere with DNA, proteins, enzymes and so on in bacteria. An overview of new anti-bacterial strategies using plant compounds and extracts is also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khotibul Umam
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, and National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Biotechnology Department, Sumbawa University of Technology, Sumbawa Besar 84371, NTB, Indonesia
| | - Ching-Shan Feng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Greta Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chen Tu
- Sun Ten Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ting Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Fen Kuo
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, and National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Berganayeva G, Kudaibergenova B, Litvinenko Y, Nazarova I, Sydykbayeva S, Vassilina G, Izdik N, Dyusebaeva M. Medicinal Plants of the Flora of Kazakhstan Used in the Treatment of Skin Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:4192. [PMID: 37241933 PMCID: PMC10221907 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin shows the physiological condition of the body's organs and systems that prevent infections and physical damage. Throughout the ages, in folk medicine, phytotherapy was considered a primary form of treatment in all countries, including Kazakhstan, due to the abundance and availability of plant-based remedies. This paper discusses several medicinal plants that are traditionally used in the treatment of skin diseases in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The chemical composition of these plants was analyzed, with a particular focus on the biologically active basic compounds responsible for their therapeutic efficiency in treating skin ailments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulzat Berganayeva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Bates Kudaibergenova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Yuliya Litvinenko
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Irada Nazarova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Sandugash Sydykbayeva
- Higher School of Natural Sciences, Zhetysu University named after Ilyas Zhansugurov, 187A, Taldykorgan 040000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Gulzira Vassilina
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Nazerke Izdik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Moldyr Dyusebaeva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou YY, Liu NY, Zhang XJ, Sun YP, Liu Y, Fu QF, Yang BY, Kuang HX. Two new diarylheptanoids from the green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica Maxim. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 36748782 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2169918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation on the 95% ethanol extract of green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica Maxim. led to the isolation of two new diarylheptanoid compounds, including Juglanin K (1) and Myricananin I (2), together with ten known compounds (3-13). Their structures were elucidated by extensive analyses of comprehensive spectroscopic methods. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that compound 2 had moderate antibacterial activity with the MIC values of 0.313 and 0.156 mg/mL, respectively. compounds 1, 3-7 and 13 showed weakly antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with the MIC values of 0.625-2.5 mg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Ning-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- Academic Research Department, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Qi-Feng Fu
- The Experiment Center of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhat AA, Shakeel A, Rafiq S, Farooq I, Malik AQ, Alghuthami ME, Alharthi S, Qanash H, Alharthy SA. Juglans regia Linn.: A Natural Repository of Vital Phytochemical and Pharmacological Compounds. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020380. [PMID: 36836737 PMCID: PMC9962597 DOI: 10.3390/life13020380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Juglans regia Linn. is a valuable medicinal plant that possesses the therapeutic potential to treat a wide range of diseases in humans. It has been known to have significant nutritional and curative properties since ancient times, and almost all parts of this plant have been utilized to cure numerous fungal and bacterial disorders. The separation and identification of the active ingredients in J. regia as well as the testing of those active compounds for pharmacological properties are currently of great interest. Recently, the naphthoquinones extracted from walnut have been observed to inhibit the enzymes essential for viral protein synthesis in the SARS-CoV-2. Anticancer characteristics have been observed in the synthetic triazole analogue derivatives of juglone, and the unique modifications in the parent derivative of juglone have paved the way for further synthetic research in this area. Though there are some research articles available on the pharmacological importance of J. regia, a comprehensive review article to summarize these findings is still required. The current review, therefore, abridges the most recent scientific findings about antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-fungal, and anticancer properties of various discovered and separated chemical compounds from different solvents and different parts of J. regia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aeyaz Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Adnan Shakeel
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sadaf Rafiq
- Division of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar 190025, India
| | - Iqra Farooq
- CSIR—Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Azad Quyoom Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | | | - Sarah Alharthi
- Center of Advanced Research in Science and Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam Qanash
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (S.A.A.); Tel.: +966-165351752 (H.Q.); +966-555556291 (S.A.A.)
| | - Saif A. Alharthy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Toxicology and Forensic Sciences Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (S.A.A.); Tel.: +966-165351752 (H.Q.); +966-555556291 (S.A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Assessment of fresh Alpinia galanga (A. galanga) drying techniques for the chemical composition of essential oil and its antioxidant and biological activity. Food Chem 2022; 392:133314. [PMID: 35636195 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated drying characteristics, structure and essential oil chemical composition, and biological activity of A. galanga by hot air drying (HAD), vacuum drying (VD), freeze drying (FD). The results showed that HAD had the shortest drying time while FD could better maintain the microstructure and showed a higher essential oil yield than HAD and VD. In addition, E-nose, HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS could effectively distinguish the essential oil chemical composition of the four samples because different drying methods induced the changes in the profile and content of the compounds. HS-SPME-GC-MS detected 43 compounds, of which alcohols, alkenes, and esters were the main substances in fresh and dry samples. In comparison, HS-SPME-GC-IMS detected 80 compounds, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, alkenes. Overall, the FD samples showed more outstanding advantages by evaluating antioxidant properties and antibacterial activities. FD was more suitable for A. galanga drying as it maintains appearance and biological activity.
Collapse
|
13
|
Tian Y, Jia X, Wang Q, Lu T, Deng G, Tian M, Zhou Y. Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Enzyme Inhibitory, and Anticancer Activities and Chemical Composition of Alpinia galanga Flower Essential Oil. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091069. [PMID: 36145290 PMCID: PMC9505801 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpinia galanga is widely cultivated for its essential oil (EO), which has been used in cosmetics and perfumes. Previous studies of A. galanga focussed mostly on the rhizome but seldom on the flower. Therefore, this study was designed to identify the chemical composition of A. galanga flower EO and firstly estimate its antioxidant, antibacterial, enzyme inhibitory, and anticancer activities. According to the results of the gas chromatography with flame ionization or mass selective detection (GC-FID/MS) analysis, the most abundant component of the EO was farnesene (64.3%), followed by farnesyl acetate (3.6%), aceteugenol (3.2%), eugenol (3.1%), E-nerolidol (2.9%), decyl acetate (2.4%), octyl acetate (2.0%), sesquirosefuran (1.9%), (E)-β-farnesene (1.7%), and germacrene D (1.5%). For the bioactivities, the EO exhibited moderate DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging effects with IC50 values of 138.62 ± 3.07 μg/mL and 40.48 ± 0.49 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the EO showed strong-to-moderate antibacterial activities with various diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) (8.79−14.32 mm), minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) (3.13−6.25 mg/mL), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) (6.25−12.50 mg/mL) values against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris. Interestingly, the EO possessed remarkable α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.16 ± 0.03 mg/mL), which was equivalent to that of the positive control acarbose (IC50 = 0.15 ± 0.01 mg/mL) (p > 0.05). It showed moderate tyrosinase inhibition (IC50 = 0.62 ± 0.09 mg/mL) and weak inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (IC50 = 2.49 ± 0.24 mg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (IC50 = 10.14 ± 0.59 mg/mL). Furthermore, the EO exhibited considerable selective cytotoxicity to K562 cells (IC50 = 41.55 ± 2.28 μg/mL) and lower cytotoxicity to non-cancerous L929 cells (IC50 = 120.54 ± 8.37 μg/mL), and it induced K562 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, A. galanga flower EO could be regarded as a bioactive natural product with great application potential in the pharmaceutical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jia
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tingya Lu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guodong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Minyi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bourais I, Elmarrkechy S, Taha D, Mourabit Y, Bouyahya A, El Yadini M, Machich O, El Hajjaji S, El Boury H, Dakka N, Iba N. A Review on Medicinal Uses, Nutritional Value, and Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antidiabetic, and Anticancer Potential Related to Bioactive Compounds of J. regia. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2094401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilhame Bourais
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Salma Elmarrkechy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modelling Materials, Nanomaterials Water and Environment–CERNE2D, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yassine Mourabit
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modelling Materials, Nanomaterials Water and Environment–CERNE2D, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meryem El Yadini
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modelling Materials, Nanomaterials Water and Environment–CERNE2D, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Omar Machich
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Souad El Hajjaji
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modelling Materials, Nanomaterials Water and Environment–CERNE2D, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Houria El Boury
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nadia Dakka
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naima Iba
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Srebro D, Rajković K, Dožić B, Vujović KS, Brkić BM, Milić P, Vučković S. Investigation of the Antinociceptive Activity of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Junglas nigra Leaf by the Tail-Immersion and Formalin Pain Tests in Rats. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221119877. [PMID: 36003322 PMCID: PMC9393677 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221119877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Juglans (J.) nigra leaf is obtained from a plant that is
used in traditional medicine in some countries to alleviate inflammatory
diseases. Aim The aim of this study was to compare the effects of J. nigra
extract on acute nociceptive and inflammatory pain in rats. Methods Antinociceptive activity was examined in Wistar rats by the tail-immersion
and formalin tests. Motor function was assessed using the rotarod test.
Plant extract was administered intraperitoneally. Results In the tail-immersion test, the maximal antinociceptive effect of the plant
extract (100–330 mg/kg) was about 24–30% and is the result of the effect of
a high concentration of ethanol. In the formalin test, the plant extract
(41.3–330 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently inhibited nociception in
both phases of the test with similar maximal effects of about 76% and 85%.
Only the plant extract at the dose of 330 mg/kg caused a significant
time-dependent reduction in time spent on the rotarod. Conclusions In rats, the preventive systemic administration of the hydroethanolic extract
of J. nigra leaf reduced chemically but not thermally
induced pain. Higher efficacy was obtained in pain associated with
inflammation and tissue injury. The antinociceptive effect is dose-dependent
and may be limited by motor impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Srebro
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Rajković
- Department of Kruševac, Academy of Educational and Medical Vocational Studies, Krusevac, Serbia
| | - Branko Dožić
- Department of Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Savić Vujović
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branislava Medić Brkić
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Petar Milić
- Department of Ćuprija, Academy of Educational and Medical Vocational Studies, Cuprija, Serbia
| | - Sonja Vučković
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bellioua S, Amari S, Warda K, Aghraz A, Dilagui I, Ouhaddou S, Sissi S, Bekkouche K, Larhsini M, Markouk M. Chemical profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of essential oil from the Moroccan endemic plant cladanthus scariosus (L.). JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2074556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bellioua
- Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Team of Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityLaboratory of Agri-Food, Marrakesh, Morocco
- 05), Cadi Ayyad UniversityCenter of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, CNRST Labelled Research Unit (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - S. Amari
- Laboratory of Microbiology and virology, department of medical biology, Faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - K. Warda
- Laboratory of Microbiology and virology, department of medical biology, Faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - A. Aghraz
- Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Team of Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityLaboratory of Agri-Food, Marrakesh, Morocco
- 05), Cadi Ayyad UniversityCenter of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, CNRST Labelled Research Unit (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - I. Dilagui
- Laboratory of Microbiology and virology, department of medical biology, Faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - S. Ouhaddou
- Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Team of Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityLaboratory of Agri-Food, Marrakesh, Morocco
- 05), Cadi Ayyad UniversityCenter of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, CNRST Labelled Research Unit (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - S. Sissi
- Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Team of Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityLaboratory of Agri-Food, Marrakesh, Morocco
- 05), Cadi Ayyad UniversityCenter of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, CNRST Labelled Research Unit (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - K. Bekkouche
- Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Team of Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityLaboratory of Agri-Food, Marrakesh, Morocco
- 05), Cadi Ayyad UniversityCenter of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, CNRST Labelled Research Unit (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - M. Larhsini
- Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Team of Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityLaboratory of Agri-Food, Marrakesh, Morocco
- 05), Cadi Ayyad UniversityCenter of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, CNRST Labelled Research Unit (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - M. Markouk
- Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Team of Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityLaboratory of Agri-Food, Marrakesh, Morocco
- 05), Cadi Ayyad UniversityCenter of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, CNRST Labelled Research Unit (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST, Marrakesh, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Besrour N, Oludemi T, Mandim F, Pereira C, Dias MI, Soković M, Stojković D, Ferreira O, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L. Valorization of Juglans regia Leaves as Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Bioactivity Evaluation and Final Formulation Development. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040677. [PMID: 35453361 PMCID: PMC9031312 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cosmetic industry is constantly searching for bioactive ingredients, namely, those obtained from natural sources with environmentally friendly connotations and less toxic effects. A previous study of our research group optimized the extraction of phenolic compounds from Juglans regia by heat-assisted extraction. Due to its richness in different phenolic compounds, the present work aimed to develop a formulation containing J. regia leaf extract. The extract’s antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, cytotoxicity, and photostability properties were evaluated. The extract was then incorporated into an O/W base cream, followed by characterization of the final formulation in terms of its antioxidant properties, phenolic composition, and stability over time and at different storage conditions. The most abundant compounds in the hydroethanolic extract were 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (18.30 ± 0.04 mg/g), quercetin-O-pentoside (9.64 ± 0.06 mg/g), and quercetin 3-O-glucoside (6.70 ± 0.19 mg/g). Besides those, the extract presented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound closure, and antibacterial effects against several skin pathogens. In addition, HaCaT cell viability was maintained up to 98% at 400 µg/mL. Within Proteus vulgaris-infected HaCaT cells, the extract also presented an over 40% bacterial mortality rate at its nontoxic concentration (200 µg/mL). After incorporating the extract, the obtained formulation presented a good physicochemical profile over time and at different storage conditions while also maintaining its antioxidant effect; as such, it can be considered stable for topical application. Future work to evaluate its performance in terms of skin permeation and detailed toxicological studies with a focus on regulatory requirements, involving skin irritation, eye irritation, genotoxicity, photo-irritation, and dermal absorption, should be conducted, as the prepared formulation demonstrated relevant properties that deserve to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nermine Besrour
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Taofiq Oludemi
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Univeridade de Vigo, 36310 Ourense, Spain
| | - Filipa Mandim
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Marina Soković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Olga Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (O.F.); (L.B.); Tel.: +351-273-303-285 (L.B.); Fax: +351-273-325-405 (L.B.)
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (O.F.); (L.B.); Tel.: +351-273-303-285 (L.B.); Fax: +351-273-325-405 (L.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Khattak P, Khalil TF, Bibi S, Jabeen H, Muhammad N, Khan MA, Liaqat S. Juglans Regia (Walnut Tree) Bark in Dentistry. PAKISTAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 5. [DOI: 10.54393/pbmj.v5i2.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Juglans regia, commonly known as the Walnut tree, is a type of a deciduous tree. The tree has many important parts, the seed, bark, husk, leaves, oil, shell of the fruit and the kernel. The plant has been used in its crude form since ages. The kernel holds nutritional value. The leaves contain an essential oil which is extracted and used. The husk contains steroids and vitamins amongst other useful compounds. The leaves are used topically as antipyretic, analgesic, antidandruff and to heal burns. The bark is tough and has been used for mechanical tooth cleaning due to its tough fibrous texture. It contains Juglone as its main and most important constituent. Juglone works as an anti-viral, anti-parasitic, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancerous agent. In dentistry it poses as an effective anti-plaque, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-cariogenic and tooth whitening material. It was concluded that in recent years, scientists and researchers have shown increasing interest towards the in depth understanding of the chemicals and compounds of the bark and its utilization in dental products towards improving dental treatment.
The author would like to thank ORIC, Khyber Medical University for assistance in publication Reference No: KMU/ORIC/AR/005.
Collapse
|
19
|
Khattak P, Khalil TF, Bibi S, Jabeen H, Muhammad N, Khan MA, Liaqat S. Juglans Regia (Walnut Tree) Bark in Dentistry. PAKISTAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 5. [DOI: 10.54393/pbmj.v5i1.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Juglans regia, commonly known as the Walnut tree, is a type of a deciduous tree. The tree has many important parts, the seed, bark, husk, leaves, oil, shell of the fruit and the kernel. The plant has been used in its crude form since ages. The kernel holds nutritional value. The leaves contain an essential oil which is extracted and used. The husk contains steroids and vitamins amongst other useful compounds. The leaves are used topically as antipyretic, analgesic, antidandruff and to heal burns. The bark is tough and has been used for mechanical tooth cleaning due to its tough fibrous texture. It contains Juglone as its main and most important constituent. Juglone works as an anti-viral, anti-parasitic, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancerous agent. In dentistry it poses as an effective anti-plaque, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-cariogenic and tooth whitening material. It was concluded that in recent years, scientists and researchers have shown increasing interest towards the in depth understanding of the chemicals and compounds of the bark and its utilization in dental products towards improving dental treatment.
The author would like to thank ORIC, Khyber Medical University for assistance in publication Reference No: KMU/ORIC/AR/005.
Collapse
|
20
|
Keshavarzi Z, Ashekar A, Vatanchian M, Abbaspour A, Bibak B, Behnamfar M, Barzegar S, Shakeri F. The effect of woody endocarpium of walnut alcoholic extract on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zakieh Keshavarzi
- North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Bahram Bibak
- North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | | | - Farzaneh Shakeri
- North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ďurkovič J, Bubeníková T, Gužmerová A, Fleischer P, Kurjak D, Čaňová I, Lukáčik I, Dvořák M, Milenković I. Effects of Phytophthora Inoculations on Photosynthetic Behaviour and Induced Defence Responses of Plant Volatiles in Field-Grown Hybrid Poplar Tolerant to Bark Canker Disease. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7110969. [PMID: 34829256 PMCID: PMC8624009 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bark cankers accompanied by symptoms of decline and dieback are the result of a destructive disease caused by Phytophthora infections in woody plants. Pathogenicity, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and volatile responses to P. cactorum and P. plurivora inoculations were studied in field-grown 10-year-old hybrid poplar plants. The most stressful effects of P. cactorum on photosynthetic behaviour were found at days 30 and 38 post-inoculation (p.-i.), whereas major disturbances induced by P. plurivora were identified at day 30 p.-i. and also belatedly at day 52 p.-i. The spectrum of volatile organic compounds emitted at day 98 p.-i. was richer than that at day 9 p.-i, and the emissions of both sesquiterpenes α-cubebene and germacrene D were induced solely by the Phytophthora inoculations. Significant positive relationships were found between both the axial and the tangential development of bark cankers and the emissions of α-cubebene and β-caryophyllene, respectively. These results show that both α-cubebene and germacrene D are signal molecules for the suppression of Phytophthora hyphae spread from necrotic sites of the bark to healthy living tissues. Four years following inoculations, for the majority of the inoculated plants, the callus tissue had already closed over the bark cankers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Ďurkovič
- Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia; (A.G.); (P.F.); (D.K.); (I.Č.); (I.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tatiana Bubeníková
- Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia;
| | - Adriána Gužmerová
- Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia; (A.G.); (P.F.); (D.K.); (I.Č.); (I.L.)
| | - Peter Fleischer
- Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia; (A.G.); (P.F.); (D.K.); (I.Č.); (I.L.)
| | - Daniel Kurjak
- Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia; (A.G.); (P.F.); (D.K.); (I.Č.); (I.L.)
| | - Ingrid Čaňová
- Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia; (A.G.); (P.F.); (D.K.); (I.Č.); (I.L.)
| | - Ivan Lukáčik
- Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia; (A.G.); (P.F.); (D.K.); (I.Č.); (I.L.)
| | - Miloň Dvořák
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Ivan Milenković
- Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
- The Chair of Forest Protection, Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mineral Analysis, In Vitro Evaluation of Alpha-Amylase, Alpha-Glucosidase, and Beta-Galactosidase Inhibition, and Antibacterial Activities of Juglans regia L. Bark Extracts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1585692. [PMID: 34485509 PMCID: PMC8413037 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1585692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In traditional medicine, various parts of the plant Juglans regia L. are used to treat several pathological conditions including diabetes and infectious and periodontal diseases. This includes the bark of Juglans regia. The present study is aimed at evaluating for the first time the mineral composition, investigating the antidiabetic and antibacterial properties of Moroccan J. regia bark, and finally determining the correlations between the chemical composition of the tested extracts and their biological activities. The mineral composition was determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Then, nine extracts were prepared by different methods and modalities of extractions and investigated for their antidiabetic activities, via tests of inhibition of alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and beta-galactosidase enzymes, and for their antibacterial activities against six strains involved in infectious diseases and periodontology. Finally, the correlation between the chemical compositions of the different extracts prepared and their antidiabetic and antibacterial potencies was determined by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). J. regia is an important source of mineral elements, mainly Fe (19849.8), K (3487.8), Mg (2631.03), and P (691.02) mg/kg plant material. All the extracts of J. regia possess antidiabetic activity, and in particular, the macerated acetone extract gave the highest inhibitory activity against alpha-amylase (IC50 value of 5445.33 ± 82.58 μg/mL), alpha-glucosidase (IC50 value of 323.7 ± 1.71 μg/mL), and beta-galactosidase (IC50 value of 811.2 ± 8.32 μg/mL). For the results of antibacterial activity, the macerated acetone extract at the concentration of 80 mg/mL was found to be the most active by inducing inhibition diameters of 12, 17, 18, 11, 14.5, and 16 mm against Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Listeria innocua, respectively. PCA allowed us to deduce that the extracts richer in polyphenols, in particular, the two acetone and ethanol macerates, have a better antidiabetic activity against alpha-glucosidase as well as a better antibacterial activity. The results of the present study revealed that the aqueous and organic macerate extracts showed a better antidiabetic activity and justified the use of J. regia bark as an antibacterial and antiseptic agent in traditional Moroccan medicine in the treatment of dental affections.
Collapse
|
23
|
Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Analysis, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of the Needle Essential Oil of Abies pindrow growing wild in Kashmir, India. Microb Pathog 2021; 158:105013. [PMID: 34062229 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil composition of the leaves of Abies pindrow, growing in Kashmir, India, along with its antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activity is reported for the first time. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed the presence of 12 constituents, representing 99.9% of the total oil. The major constituents of the oil were limonene (38.9%), α-pinene (36.5%), β-pinene (6.9%), and α-selinene (4.4%). The essential oil was dominated by the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbons (90.2%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (6.761%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.096%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (0.942%). The monoterpene rich essential oil was subjected to antibacterial activity against 4 Gram negative bacteria and 2 Gram positive bacteria at three different concentrations using Agar Well Diffusion Method taking streptomycin sulphate as reference. The oil displayed significant and broad spectrum antibacterial activity against different bacteria used. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the active essential oil was determined using Agar Dilution Method. Highest antibacterial activity was shown by the oil against E. Coli (25 mm), and the lowest by Bacillus subtilis (14 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14 mm). The oil was subjected to cytotoxic activity by MTT assay against human mammary carcinoma (MCF), human ductal breast epithelial tumour (T47D), human lung adeno-carcinoma epithelial (A549) and rat glial (C6) cell lines at three different concentrations. The results revealed significant sensitization of the cell lines with highest inhibition against human ductal breast epithelial cell line (51%) and the lowest against rat glial cell line (33%) at a concentartion of 50 μg/mL. The oil displayed a significant free radical scavenging activity with DPPH.
Collapse
|
24
|
The Volatile Phytochemistry of Seven Native American Aromatic Medicinal Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061061. [PMID: 34070663 PMCID: PMC8229852 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As part of our evaluation of essential oils derived from Native American medicinal plants, we have obtained the essential oils of Agastache foeniculum (Pursch) Kuntze (Lamiaceae), Gaultheria procumbens L. (Ericaceae), Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet (Asteraceae), Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. (Asteraceae), Pycnanthemum incanum (L.) Michx. (Lamiaceae), Smallanthus uvedalia (L.) Mack. ex Mack. (Asteraceae), and Verbena hastata L. (Verbenaceae) by hydrodistillation. The essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The essential oil of A. foeniculum was dominated by estragole (88–93%), while methyl salicylate (91%) dominated the G. procumbens essential oil. Germacrene D was the major component in H. helianthoides (42%) and L. spicata (24%). 1,8-Cineole (31%) and α-terpineol (17%) were the main compounds in P. incanum essential oil. The essential oil of S. uvedalia showed α-pinene (24%), perillene (15%), and β-caryophyllene (17%) as major components. Verbena hastata essential oil was rich in 1-octen-3-ol (up to 29%) and palmitic acid (up to 22%). Four of these essential oils, H. helianthoides, L. spicata, P. incanum, and V. hastata, are reported for the first time. Additionally, the enantiomeric distributions of several terpenoid components have been determined.
Collapse
|
25
|
Jha NK, Sharma C, Hashiesh HM, Arunachalam S, Meeran MN, Javed H, Patil CR, Goyal SN, Ojha S. β-Caryophyllene, A Natural Dietary CB2 Receptor Selective Cannabinoid can be a Candidate to Target the Trinity of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation in COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:590201. [PMID: 34054510 PMCID: PMC8163236 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.590201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an ongoing pandemic and presents a public health emergency. It has affected millions of people and continues to affect more, despite tremendous social preventive measures. Identifying candidate drugs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 is crucial. The pathogenesis and the complications with advanced infection mainly involve an immune-inflammatory cascade. Therefore, therapeutic strategy relies on suppressing infectivity and inflammation, along with immune modulation. One of the most promising therapeutic targets for the modulation of immune-inflammatory responses is the endocannabinoid system, particularly the activation of cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2R), a G-protein coupled receptor which mediates the anti-inflammatory properties by modulating numerous signaling pathways. To pharmacologically activate the CB2 receptors, a naturally occurring cannabinoid ligand, beta-caryophyllene (BCP), received attention due to its potent anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties. BCP is recognized as a full selective functional agonist on CB2 receptors and produces therapeutic effects by activating CB2 and the nuclear receptors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). BCP is regarded as the first dietary cannabinoid with abundant presence across cannabis and non-cannabis plants, including spices and other edible plants. BCP showed tissue protective properties and favorably modulates numerous signaling pathways and inhibits inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, prostanoids, and eicosanoids. Based on its pharmacological properties, molecular mechanisms, and the therapeutic potential of BCP as an immunomodulator, anti-inflammatory, organ-protective, and antiviral, we hypothesize that BCP could be a promising therapeutic and/or preventive candidate to target the triad of infection, immunity, and inflammation in COVID-19. In line with numerous studies that proposed the potential of cannabinoids in COVID-19, BCP may be a novel candidate compound for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical development due to its unique functional receptor selectivity, wide availability and accessibility, dietary bioavailability, nonpsychoactivity, and negligible toxicity along with druggable properties, including favorable pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties. Based on reasonable pharmacological mechanisms and therapeutic properties, we speculate that BCP has potential to be investigated against COVID-19 and will inspire further preclinical and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hebaallah Mamdouh Hashiesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Seenipandi Arunachalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mf Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayate Javed
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandragouda R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- Shri Vile Parle Kelvani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Phytochemical Analysis and Study of Antioxidant, Anticandidal, and Antibacterial Activities of Teucrium polium subsp. polium and Micromeria graeca (Lamiaceae) Essential Oils from Northern Morocco. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6641720. [PMID: 33790978 PMCID: PMC7984889 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6641720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The protection of agricultural crops and the preservation of the organoleptic and health qualities of food products represent a major challenge for the agricultural and agro-food industries. Essential oils have received greater attention as alternatives to replace the control strategies based on pesticides against phytopathogenic bacteria and synthetic compounds in food preservation. The aims of this work were to study the chemical composition of Teucrium polium subsp. polium and Micromeria graeca essential oils and to examine their antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. To carry out this work, the chemical composition of the essential oil was determined using gas chromatography (GC) with the detection feature of mass spectrometry (MS). Subsequently, the antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH and FRAPS assays. The antimicrobial effect was studied against phytopathogenic and foodborne pathogenic bacteria using the disc and the microdilution methods. Our results showed that GC-MS analysis of EOs allowed the identification of 30 compounds in T. polium EO (TPpEO), while 5 compounds were identified in M. graeca EO (MGEO). TPpEO had as major compounds β-pinene (19.82%) and germacrene D (18.33%), while geranial (36.93%) and z-citral (18.25%) were the main components of MGEO. The most potent activity was obtained from MGEO (IC50 = 189.7 ± 2.62 µg/mL) compared to TPpEO (IC50 = 208.33 ± 3.51 µg/mL. For the FRAP test, the highest reducing power was obtained from 1.32 ± 0.1 mg AAE/g of TPpEO compared to MGEO 0.51 ± 0.13 mg AAE/g of EO. Both EOs exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activities against all the tested strains with inhibition zones in the range of 9.33 ± 0.57 mm to >65 mm and MIC values from 0.19 to 12.5 mg/mL. However, MGEO exhibits an interesting anticandidal effect with inhibition zone 44.33 ± 0.57 mm. The findings of this research establish the riches of EOs on volatile compounds, their important antioxidant activity, and their antimicrobial effect against the bacteria tested.
Collapse
|
27
|
de Veras BO, de Oliveira JRS, de Menezes Lima VL, do Amaral Ferraz Navarro DM, de Oliveira Farias de Aguiar JCR, de Medeiros Moura GM, da Silva JW, de Assis CRD, Gorlach-Lira K, de Assis PAC, de Souza Barbosa JI, de Melo MRCS, de Oliveira MBM, da Silva MV, de Souza Lopes AC. The essential oil of the leaves of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities and is toxicologically safe. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113248. [PMID: 32805356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake is a medicinal plant from South America, popularly known as "asa de peixe", "asa de peixe branco", "cambará branco" or "cambará guaçu", being used by traditional communities for its healing powers in the form of teas, infusions, liqueurs and extracts, for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts, such as kidney problems, bronchitis, inflammation and fever. However, none of the ethnopharmacological properties has been scientifically evaluated. AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the ethnopharmacological use of the species, this study investigated the chemical composition, and for the first time acute toxicity, hemolytic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the essential oil from leaves of V. macrophylla. MATERIAL AND METHODS The essential oil was obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation (HD), being characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution technique in bacteria and fungi that cause infections of the respiratory and urinary tract, and toxicological safety regarding hemolytic activity on human red blood cells (hRBCs), and acute toxicity in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the model carrageenan-induced peritonitis with quantification of the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the intraperitoneal fluid, and ear edema induced by croton oil. The antipyretic activity evaluated in mice with pyrexia induced by yeast. RESULTS The extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation (HD) showed a yield of 0.33 ± 0.04%, with its composition constituted mainly by sesquiterpenes of hydrocarbons (94.00%). The essential oil demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activity, with a low rate of hemolysis in human red blood cells (hRBCs) and no clinical signs of toxicity were observed in animals after acute treatment, which suggested that the LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg; p.o. The essential oil demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity reducing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (38.83%, 72.42% and 73.52%) and IL-1β (37.70%, 75.92% and 87.71%), and ear edema by 49.53%, 85.04% and 94.39% at concentrations of 4, 40 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The antipyretic activity presented by the essential oil is statistically similar to dipyrone. CONCLUSION The set of results obtained, validates the main activities attributed to the traditional use of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake. These data add industrial value to the species, considering that the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities present results similar to the drugs already used also presenting safety. The results suggest that essential oil from V. macrophylla may be used by industry for the development of drugs with natural antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Vera Lúcia de Menezes Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geovanna Maria de Medeiros Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Chemistry and Function of Bioactive Proteins, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - José Wellinton da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigo Dias de Assis
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Krystyna Gorlach-Lira
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Biology Molecular of Microorganisms, Federal University of Paraiba, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Anne Castro de Assis
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Laboratory of Immunology and Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jorge Irapuan de Souza Barbosa
- Department of Biology, Herbarium Professor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Cabral Sales de Melo
- Department of Biology, Herbarium Professor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina de Souza Lopes
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang H, Gan C, Guo Y, Qu L, Ma S, Ren Y, Wang X, Wang L, Huang J, Wang J. Two novel compounds from green walnut husks ( Juglans mandshurica Maxim.). Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:3389-3395. [PMID: 33342293 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1860976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation on the ethanol extract of green walnut husks (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.) led to the isolation of two previously unknown compounds, including a macrolide compound (13S)-8-oxo-(9E, 11E)-8-oxo-octadeca-9,11-dien-13-olide (1) and a diarylheptanoid compound 1-(3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(3″,4″-dimethoxyphenyl)heptan-3-one (2), together with 19 known compounds. The structures of these 21 compounds were elucidated by extensive analyses of NMR and HR-MS data, and the basis of spectroscopic analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Chunli Gan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yaping Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Liyuan Qu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Shuang Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yanbin Ren
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Plant Natural Sources of the Endocannabinoid ( E)-β-Caryophyllene: A Systematic Quantitative Analysis of Published Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186540. [PMID: 32906779 PMCID: PMC7554841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(E)-β-caryophyllene (BCP) is a natural sesquiterpene hydrocarbon present in hundreds of plant species. BCP possesses several important pharmacological activities, ranging from pain treatment to neurological and metabolic disorders. These are mainly due to its ability to interact with the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) and the complete lack of interaction with the brain CB1. A systematic analysis of plant species with essential oils containing a BCP percentage > 10% provided almost 300 entries with species belonging to 51 families. The essential oils were found to be extracted from 13 plant parts and samples originated from 56 countries worldwide. Statistical analyses included the evaluation of variability in BCP% and yield% as well as the statistical linkage between families, plant parts and countries of origin by cluster analysis. Identified species were also grouped according to their presence in the Belfrit list. The survey evidences the importance of essential oil yield evaluation in support of the chemical analysis. The results provide a comprehensive picture of the species with the highest BCP and yield percentages.
Collapse
|
30
|
Iimura K, Hattan JI, Misawa N, Shindo K. cDNA Cloning and Functional Analyses of Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) Sesquiterpene Synthase Genes. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:711-718. [PMID: 32612020 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelica keiskei (ashitaba) is an edible plant belonging to the Apiacea family. We focused on sesquiterpenes in the leaves eaten by humans (specifically, in the Japanese population), and confirmed the presence of several sesquiterpenes by GC-MS. Thus, total RNA was extracted from the ashitaba leaves, reverse transcribed, and the resultant cDNAs were used for degenerate PCR followed by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. Consequently, we were able to isolate two full-length Tps genes (designated AkTps1 and AkTps2). Functional analysis of these two genes was carried out with Escherichia coli cells that expressed mevalonate pathway genes to increase the substrate (farnesyl diphosphate) amount of sesquiterpene synthase, revealing that AkTps1 encodes germacrene D synthase, and AkTps2 codes for an enzyme that catalyzes the generation of germacrene B and smaller amounts of germacrene D (a germacrene B and D synthase). We proposed biosynthetic routes of these two sesquiterpenes from farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) via farnesyl cation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurin Iimura
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University
| | - Jun-Ichiro Hattan
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chau DTM, Chung NT, Huong LT, Hung NH, Ogunwande IA, Dai DN, Setzer WN. Chemical Compositions, Mosquito Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Leaf Essential Oils of Eleven Species of Lauraceae from Vietnam. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9050606. [PMID: 32397613 PMCID: PMC7284511 DOI: 10.3390/plants9050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Lauraceae is a family rich in aromatic and medicinal plants. Likewise, essential oils derived from members of this family have demonstrated a myriad of biological activities. It is hypothesized that members of the Lauraceae from Vietnam will yield essential oils that may be useful in controlling mosquito populations and treating microbial infections. In this work, the leaf essential oils of eleven species of Lauraceae (Beilschmiedia erythrophloia, B. robusta, B. yunnanensis, Cryptocarya concinna, C. impressa, C. infectoria, Litsea viridis, Machilus balansa, M. grandifolia, Neolitsea ellipsoidea, and Phoebe angustifolia) have been obtained by hydrodistillation and the chemical compositions analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The essential oils were screened for larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, and for antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and Candida albicans. The leaf essential oil of N. ellipsoidea, rich in (E)-β-ocimene (87.6%), showed excellent larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti with a 24 h LC50 of 6.59 μg/mL. The leaf essential oil of C. infectoria, dominated by germacrene D (55.5%) and bicyclogermacrene (11.4%), exhibited remarkable larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus (48 h LC50 = 0.40 μg/mL). N. ellipsoidea leaf essential oil also demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and B. cereus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16 μg/mL, while the leaf essential oil of C. impressa showed excellent anticandidal with an MIC of 16 μg/mL. Leaf essential oils from the Lauraceae should be considered for utilization as alternative agents for controlling mosquito populations and as antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dao Thi Minh Chau
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Environment, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 4300, Nghệ An Province, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Thanh Chung
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay 10072, Hanoi, Vietnam;
| | - Le Thi Huong
- School of Natural Science Education, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 4300, Nghệ An Province, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Huy Hung
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 5000, Vietnam;
| | - Isiaka A. Ogunwande
- Foresight Institute of Research and Translation, University Road, Aleku Area, Osogbo 230271, Nigeria;
| | - Do Ngoc Dai
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay 10072, Hanoi, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Nghe An College of Economics, 51-Ly Tu Trong, Vinh City 4300, Nghe An Province, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (D.N.D.); (W.N.S.)
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
- Correspondence: (D.N.D.); (W.N.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
An NTG, Huong LT, Satyal P, Tai TA, Dai DN, Hung NH, Ngoc NTB, Setzer WN. Mosquito Larvicidal Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, and Chemical Compositions of Essential Oils from Four Species of Myrtaceae from Central Vietnam. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040544. [PMID: 32331486 PMCID: PMC7238417 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes are important vectors of several diseases, and control of these insects is imperative for human health. Insecticides have proven useful in controlling mosquito populations, but insecticide resistance and environmental concerns are increasing. Additionally, emerging and re-emerging microbial infections are problematic. Essential oils have been shown to be promising mosquito larvicidal agents as well as antimicrobial agents. In this work, the essential oils from four species of Myrtaceae (Baeckea frutescens, Callistemon citrinus, Melaleuca leucadendra, and Syzygium nervosum) growing wild in central Vietnam have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The essential oils have been screened for mosquito larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, and for antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Callistemon citrinus fruit essential oil, rich in α-pinene (35.1%), 1,8-cineole (32.4%), limonene (8.2%), and α-terpineol (5.8%) showed good larvicidal activity with 24-h LC50 = 17.3 μg/mL against both Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, and good antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 16 μg/mL) The 48-h larvicidal activities of M. leucadendra leaf essential oil, rich in α-eudesmol (17.6%), guaiol (10.9%), linalool (5.1%), (E)-caryophyllene (7.0%), and bulnesol (3.6%) were particularly notable, with LC50 of 1.4 and 1.8 μg/mL on Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Similarly, M. leucadendra bark essential oil, with α-eudesmol (24.1%) and guaiol (11.3%), showed good antibacterial activity against. E. faecalis. Both B. frutescens and C. citrinus leaf essential oils demonstrated anti-Candida activities with MIC values of 16 μg/mL. The results of this investigation suggest that essential oils derived from the Myrtaceae may serve as "green" alternatives for the control of mosquitoes and/or complementary antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Giang An
- School of Natural Science Education, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 43000, Nghe An Province, Vietnam; (N.T.G.A.); (L.T.H.)
| | - Le Thi Huong
- School of Natural Science Education, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 43000, Nghe An Province, Vietnam; (N.T.G.A.); (L.T.H.)
| | - Prabodh Satyal
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA;
| | - Thieu Anh Tai
- Department of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 50000, Vietnam;
| | - Do Ngoc Dai
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Nghe An College of Economics, 51-Ly Tu Trong, Vinh City 4300, Nghe An Province, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hung
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (N.H.H.); (W.N.S.); Tel.: +84-967-036-828 (N.H.H.); +1-256-824-6519 (W.N.S.)
| | - Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc
- Pedagogical Institute of Science, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 43000, Vietnam;
| | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Correspondence: (N.H.H.); (W.N.S.); Tel.: +84-967-036-828 (N.H.H.); +1-256-824-6519 (W.N.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chung NT, Huong LT, Hung NH, Hoi TM, Dai DN, Setzer WN. Chemical Composition of Actinodaphne pilosa Essential Oil From Vietnam, Mosquito Larvicidal Activity, and Antimicrobial Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20917792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves of Actinodaphne pilosa were collected at 2 different seasons from the Pù Hoạt Nature Reserve, Vietnam. The leaf samples were hydrodistilled to give essential oils, which were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry and GC-flame ionization detection. The major components in the essential oils were α-pinene, ( Z)-β-ocimene, ( E)-β-ocimene, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, and spathulenol. The essential oils were screened for antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, as well as mosquito larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus. Actinodaphne pilosa leaf essential oils showed broad antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration = 32, 64, 64, 16, and 16 μg/mL against E. faecalis, S. aureus, B. cereus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans, respectively) and excellent larvicidal activity (24-hour 50% lethal concentration = 19.0, 24.7, and 48.1 μg/mL against A. aegypti, A. albopictus, and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thanh Chung
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Huong
- School of Natural Science Education, Vinh University, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hung
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Tran Minh Hoi
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Ngoc Dai
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Vinh City, Vietnam
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, USA
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, Lehi, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mazzei R, Leonti M, Spadafora S, Patitucci A, Tagarelli G. A review of the antimicrobial potential of herbal drugs used in popular Italian medicine (1850s-1950s) to treat bacterial skin diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112443. [PMID: 31790819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Before the advent of modern antibiotics, microbial infections were treated with herbal medicine or cauterization. Literature from the latter half of the nineteenth to the early mid-twentieth century, when antibiotics became widely available, arguably holds the most progressive information about herbal remedies to treat bacterial skin diseases. The corpus of literature produced in Italy during that period is not easily accessible and mostly out of print. MATERIAL AND METHODS Plant-based remedies utilized in popular Italian medicine to treat anthrax, boils, erysipelas, impetigo, pustules, and whitlow were sourced from literature indexed in and available through the National Library Service website of the Italian Libraries Network. The remedies are assessed for their antimicrobial potential based on a detailed search of the herbal drug species in scientific databases. RESULTS A considerable part of the reviewed recipes included specific excipients (41 out of 139) and others were produced with fresh plant material (48 out of 139). Out of the 52 identified herbal drug species used in popular Italian medicine against dermatologic infections, extracts of 43 were shown to have moderate in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. CONCLUSION The antibacterial activity of the extracts and pure compounds as reported in the reviewed literature is mostly based on in vitro assays and generally does not encourage follow up studies. The effectiveness of the reported recipes, which include fresh plant material and excipients can only be assessed through in vivo studies. Those remedies including herbal drugs with reported antimicrobial activity might have the potential as complementary therapies. The reviewed plant based antimicrobial recipes might serve as inspirations in the search for alternative topical antibacterial strategies and the search for their synergistic and potentiating ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalucia Mazzei
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council, Via Cavour 4-6, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Marco Leonti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Santo Spadafora
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Dermatologia -Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Patitucci
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council, Via Cavour 4-6, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tagarelli
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council, Via Cavour 4-6, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Effect of drying on the essential oil traits and antioxidant potential J. regia L. leaves from Kumaun Himalaya. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
36
|
Orchard A, van Vuuren SF. Carrier oils in dermatology. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 311:653-672. [PMID: 31321504 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01951-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Wounds are a common medical infliction. With the increase in microbial resistance and a shift of interest towards complementary medicines, essential oils have been shown to be beneficial in suppressing microbial growth. However, in practice, essential oils are more often diluted into a base due to the risk of topical adverse effects, such as dermatitis. There is a lack of collated evidence-based information on toxicity and efficacy of carrier oils. The current information on the subject matter is restricted to generic, aroma-therapeutic books and pamphlets, based on anecdotal evidence rather than an experimental approach. Therefore, this review aimed at identifying the recommended carrier oils used in dermatology and thereafter collating the scientific evidence to support the use of carrier oils together with essential oils recommended for dermatological use. Aloe vera gel had multiple studies demonstrating the ability to enhance wound healing; however, several other carrier oils have been largely neglected. It was observed that the extracts for certain plant species had been used to justify the use of the carrier oils of the same plant species. This is an inaccurate cross assumption due to the difference in chemical composition and biological activities. Lastly, despite these carrier oils being recommended as a base for essential oils, very little data was found on the interactive profile of the carrier oil with the essential oil. This review provides a platform for further studies, especially if essential oils are to receive credence in the scientific field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ané Orchard
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Sandy F van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Chen L, Li YY, Shao KM. A Practical Technique for Electrophysiologically Recording from Lamellated Antenna of Scarab Beetle. J Chem Ecol 2019; 45:392-401. [PMID: 30825039 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-019-01059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Host-plant volatiles play a key role in finding mate and suitable host plants of phytophagous scarab beetles. Hence it is immensely important to collect and identify these volatiles. The gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) technique has been used as a rapid and convenient tool for the identification of physiologically active components from plants. Here, we describe a practical method for electrophysiologically recording from lamellated antenna of scarab beetles. This method enables direct electroantennogram (EAG) recordings from antennal club without damage to the antenna in a similar manner to the conventional cut-tip EAG recording technique for clavate antenna. The headspace volatiles from walnut (Juglans regia L.) trees were collected with a Poropak-Q trap at dusk and then analyzed with GC-EAD. Those volatile compounds that elicited electrophysiological responses on the antennae of a scarab beetle, Metabolus flavescens Brenske (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae: Melolonthinae) were determined by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The lamella directly connected to the recording electrode was held apart from the other two lamellae on the antenna with a minuten pin and a disposable syringe needle. In order to improve electrical contact, a surfactant, Tween® 80, was used to lower the surface tension of Beadle-Ephrussi Ringer solution. This study demonstrated that addition of 0.05% Tween® 80 to the Beadle-Ephrussi Ringer solution suppressed baseline noise and assured significantly greater EAG response in general. Due to its simplicity and efficiency, this method may also be useful for studying the electrophysiology of other insect species having club-like antennae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.,Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Min Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.,School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pasandi Pour A, Farahbakhsh H. Lawsonia inermis L. leaves aqueous extract as a natural antioxidant and antibacterial product. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:3399-3403. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1569006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Pasandi Pour
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
- Young Research Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hassan Farahbakhsh
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
- Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nasiry D, Khalatbary AR, Ahmadvand H, Talebpour Amiri F. Juglans Regia L. Leaf Extract Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy Progression in Experimental Diabetes: An Immunohistochemical Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 44:44-52. [PMID: 30666075 PMCID: PMC6330519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is accumulating evidence that Juglans regia L. (GRL) leaf extract has hypoglycemic and antioxidative properties. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of GRL leaf extract against diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS In total, 28 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The DN rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of a single 55 mg/kg dose of streptozotocin (STZ). A subset of the STZ-induced diabetic rats received intragastric administration of GRL leaf extract (200 mg/kg/day) starting 1 week (preventive group) and 4 weeks (curative group) after the onset of hyperglycemia up to the end of the 8th week, whereas other diabetic rats received only isotonic saline (diabetic group) as the same volume of GRL leaf extract. To evaluate the effects of GRL leaf extract on the diabetic nephropathy, various parameters of apoptosis and inflammation were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software, version 15.0. The data were compared between the groups using the Tukey's multiple comparison test and the analysis of the variance. P values ˂0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels (P=0.001) and histopathological changes in the kidney of diabetic rats attenuated after GRL leaf extract consumption. Greater caspase-3 (P=0.004), COX-2 (P=0.008), PARP (P=0.007), and iNOS (P=0.005) expression could be detected in the STZ-diabetic rats, which were significantly (P=0.009) attenuated after GRL leaf extract consumption. In addition, attenuation of lipid peroxidation in the diabetic rats was detected after GRL consumption (P=0.01). CONCLUSION GRL leaf extract exerts preventive and curative effects against diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davood Nasiry
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;
| | - Ali Reza Khalatbary
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;
| | - Hassan Ahmadvand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran;
,Razi Herbal Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Panth N, Paudel KR, Karki R. Phytochemical profile and biological activity of Juglans regia. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018; 14:359-73. [PMID: 27641607 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(16)60274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Juglans regia Linn. (Juglandaceae), popularly known as English or Persian walnut, is a valuable medicinal plant with a potency to cure various diseases in traditional medicine. Since ancient time, different local ethnic groups have used various part of J. regia for a wide array of ailments including helminthiasis, diarrhea, sinusitis, stomach ache, arthritis, asthma, eczema, scrofula, skin disorders, diabetes mellitus, anorexia, thyroid dysfunction, cancer and infectious diseases. Biological activities of J. regia have been reported in several peer review journals and scientific attention is increasing. The present review attempts to provide comprehensive information on plant description, ethnobotanical use, toxicity, phytochemical profile, pharmacology, clinical studies and current research prospective of the J. regia. Currently, there is an immense interest on isolation/identification of active constituents from walnut and screening those active compounds for pharmacological activities. In addition, researchers are performing clinical trials as well as screening various solvent extracts or fractions of J. regia in several animal diseases models to identify promising therapeutic benefits. In the present work, we review the latest information based on published scientific investigations of J. regia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Panth
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun 58554, South Korea
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resource, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun 534-729, South Korea
| | - Rajendra Karki
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resource, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun 534-729, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Soussi A, Gargouri M, Akrouti A, El Feki A. Antioxidant and nephro-protective effect of Juglans regia vegetable oil against lead-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and its characterization by GC-MS. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:492-504. [PMID: 30034312 PMCID: PMC6046624 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) intoxication remains a major health hazard causing various deleterious effects especially on renal and hematologic system. The current study elucidated the potential protective effect of JRVO against nephrotoxicity induced by lead. Male rats were randomly divided into three groups: group one (control) received ad libitum distilled water and 1 mL of saline solution (0.9 %) given by intra-peritoneal (i.p) injection, group two (Pb) was kept on tap distilled water and animals were i.p, injected daily with lead every two days from day five until day ten, namely the sacrifice day, and group three (Pb+J) was administered by intra-peritoneal injection of Pb with the same dose and same way with Group two, while JRVO extract was administered daily by gavage during ten days. The exposure of lead reduced the number of red and white blood cells. Besides, plasma biomarkers (urea, uric acid, creatinine, LDH and ALP) levels were reduced. Lipid and protein per-oxidations increased and objectified by high TBARS and PCOs levels, while glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities showed a significant decline after ten-day treatment. Conversely, the JRVO prevented kidney biomarker changes by improving hepatotoxicity induced by lead as evidenced by restoring the biochemical markers cited above to near normal levels. Kidney histoarchitecture confirmed the biochemical parameters and the beneficial role of JRVO. It can be concluded that the administration of JRVO alleviates Pb-induced toxicity, thus demonstrating its potent antioxidant efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Soussi
- Animal Eco-physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manel Gargouri
- Animal Eco-physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amel Akrouti
- Animal Eco-physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Animal Eco-physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Psidium cattleianum fruits: A review on its composition and bioactivity. Food Chem 2018; 258:95-103. [PMID: 29655760 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Psidium cattleianum Sabine, commonly known as araçá, is a Brazilian native fruit, which is very juicy, with sweet to sub acid pulp and a spicy touch. The fruit can be eaten fresh or processed into juice, jellies and ice creams. Araçás are source of vitamin C, minerals, fatty acids, polysaccharides, volatile compounds, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, which can provide nutrients and phytochemical agents with different biological functions. Different pharmacological studies demonstrate that P. cattleianum exerts antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antiaging effects. Thus, this article aims to review the chemical composition and biological effects reported for araçá fruit in the last years.
Collapse
|
44
|
Muzaffer U, Paul V, Prasad NR, Karthikeyan R. Juglans regia L. protects against UVB induced apoptosis in human epidermal keratinocytes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2018; 13:109-115. [PMID: 29556565 PMCID: PMC5857159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the photoprotective effect of the male flower of J. regia L. (MEJR) against ultraviolet-B induced apoptosis in human skin cells. Human skin epidermal keratinocytes were pretreated with the MEJR (80 µg/ml, has been selected after MTT assay), prior to 30 min UVB-irradiation at a dose of 20 mJ/cm2. Mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated using Rhodamine-123 staining; the % apoptosis by Hoechst staining and acridine orange staining; DNA damage was measured by comet assay. The levels of p53, Bax, Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, Cytochrome c, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 expression in HaCaT cells were analyzed by western blotting and RT-PCR. Pretreatment with MEJR 80 µg/ml prior to UVB-irradiation significantly prevents apoptotic characteristics, DNA damage and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Thus, MEJR protects UVB-mediated human skin cells, by modulating the expression of apoptotic markers and UVB-induced DNA damage in HaCaT cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umar Muzaffer
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - V.I. Paul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Karthikeyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tomičić R, Čabarkapa I, Varga A, Tomičić Z. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Listeria monocytogenes. FOOD AND FEED RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/ffr1801037t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|
46
|
Antibacterial activity of Artemisia asiatica essential oil against some common respiratory infection causing bacterial strains and its mechanism of action in Haemophilus influenzae. Microb Pathog 2017; 114:470-475. [PMID: 29241769 PMCID: PMC7127219 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the current study was to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oil of Artemisia asiatica together with investigating the antibacterial effects it exerts on several common respiratory infection causing bacteria including Haemophilus influenzae. Its mechanism of action was studied using various state-of-the-art assays like scanning electron microscopy, DNA, RNA and protein leakage assays, growth curve assays etc. The essential oil was extracted from the leaves of A. asiatica by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction technology. Chemical composition of essential oils was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activity was evaluated against 6 bacteria by the paper disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) values of the essential oil were estimated by agar dilution method. The antibacterial mechanism was evaluated by growth curve, the integrity of cell membrane and scanning electronmicroscope (SEM). Gas chromatographic analysis of the A. asiatica essential oil led to the identification of 16 chemical constituents accounting for 97.2% of the total oil composition. The major components were found to be Piperitone, (z)-davanone, p-cymene and 1, 8-cineole. The essential oil showed maximum growth inhibition against Haemophilus influenzae with a zone of inhibition of 24.5 mm and MIC/MBC values of 1.9/4.5 mg/mL respectively. Bacteria treated with the essential oil led to a rapid decrease in the number of viable cells. On adding the essential oil of A. asiatica to the bacterial culture, the constituents of the bacterial cell got released into the medium and this cell constituent release increased with increasing doses of the essential oil. SEM showed that the bacterial cells treated with the essential oil showed damaged cell wall, deformed cell morphology and shrunken cells. Antibacterial activity of Artemisia asiatica essential oil evaluated. The antibacterial mechanism evaluated by scanning electron microscope. 16 chemical constituents were identified in the essential oil. Essential oil caused damage to the bacterial cell membrane. The essential oil was found to be most potent against Haemophilus influenzae.
Collapse
|
47
|
Nasiry D, khalatbary AR, Ahmadvand H, Talebpour Amiri F, Akbari E. Protective effects of methanolic extract of Juglans regia L. leaf on streptozotocin-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:476. [PMID: 28969623 PMCID: PMC5625610 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1983-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), the most common and debilitating complications of diabetes mellitus. There is accumulating evidence that Juglans regia L. (GRL) leaf extract, a rich source of phenolic components, has hypoglycemic and antioxidative properties. This study aimed to determine the protective effects of Juglans regia L. leaf extract against streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy in rat. Methods The DPN rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of a single 55 mg/kg dose of streptozotocin (STZ). A subset of the STZ-induced diabetic rats intragastically administered with GRL leaf extract (200 mg/kg/day) before or after the onset of neuropathy, whereas other diabetic rats received only isotonic saline as the same volume of GRL leaf extract. To evaluate the effects of GRL leaf extract on the diabetic neuropathy various parameters, including histopathology and immunohistochemistry of apoptotic and inflammatory factors were assessed along with nociceptive and biochemical assessments. Results Degeneration of the sciatic nerves which was detected in the STZ-diabetic rats attenuated after GRL leaf extract administration. Greater caspase-3, COX-2, and iNOS expression could be detected in the STZ-diabetic rats, which were significantly attenuated after GRL leaf extract administration. Also, attenuation of lipid peroxidation and nociceptive response along with improved antioxidant status in the sciatic nerve of diabetic rats were detected after GRL leaf extract administration. In other word, GRL leaf extract ameliorated the behavioral and structural indices of diabetic neuropathy even after the onset of neuropathy, in addition to blood sugar reduction. Conclusion Our results suggest that GRL leaf extract exert preventive and curative effects against STZ-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats which might be due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. Graphical abstract Protection against neuropathy![]()
Collapse
|
48
|
Valorisation of softwood bark through extraction of utilizable chemicals. A review. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:726-750. [PMID: 28739505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Softwood bark is an important source for producing chemicals and materials as well as bioenergy. Extraction is regarded as a key technology for obtaining chemicals in general, and valorizing bark as a source of such chemicals in particular. In this paper, properties of 237 compounds identified in various studies dealing with extraction of softwood bark were described. Finally, some challenges and perspectives on the production of chemicals from bark are discussed.
Collapse
|
49
|
Bouzenna H, Hfaiedh N, Giroux-Metges MA, Elfeki A, Talarmin H. Potential protective effects of alpha-pinene against cytotoxicity caused by aspirin in the IEC-6 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:961-968. [PMID: 28724214 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-pinene is a key compound of the essential oils extracted from many species of coniferous trees. It is known for its biological activities. The aim of the present study was to determine the preventive effect of alpha-pinene on aspirin-induced toxicity in vitro, using IEC-6 cells, and to investigate its antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activities were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The cytotoxicity and oxidative stress were detected by cell viability, antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and GSH production, and the activation of MAPK pathways. The results indicated that alpha-pinene revealed an important antioxidant activity. It was evaluated by DPPH test (EC50=310±10μg/mL) and FRAP test (EC50=238±18.92μg/mL). The co-exposure of alpha-pinene with aspirin on cells significantly increased the survival of cells and the level of GSH, and decreased the levels of MDA and total SOD and the activity of Mn-SOD. In addition, the activation of p38 and JNK was blocked by alpha-pinene. Therefore, these findings suggest that alpha-pinene can protect IEC-6 cells against aspirin-induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafsia Bouzenna
- Laboratory ORPHY EA4324, UFR Sciences et Technique, Université de Bretagne, Occidentale 6 Avenue Le gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France; Laboratory of Environmental Physiopathology, Valorization of Bioactive Molecules and Mathematical Modeling, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Road Soukra km 3.5 - PB n° 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Animal Eco Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112, Tunisia.
| | - Najla Hfaiedh
- Laboratory of Environmental Physiopathology, Valorization of Bioactive Molecules and Mathematical Modeling, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Road Soukra km 3.5 - PB n° 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Animal Eco Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112, Tunisia
| | - Marie-Agnès Giroux-Metges
- Laboratory ORPHY EA4324, UFR Sciences et Technique, Université de Bretagne, Occidentale 6 Avenue Le gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Abdelfattah Elfeki
- Laboratory of Environmental Physiopathology, Valorization of Bioactive Molecules and Mathematical Modeling, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Road Soukra km 3.5 - PB n° 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hélène Talarmin
- Laboratory ORPHY EA4324, UFR Sciences et Technique, Université de Bretagne, Occidentale 6 Avenue Le gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Byerley LO, Samuelson D, Blanchard E, Luo M, Lorenzen BN, Banks S, Ponder MA, Welsh DA, Taylor CM. Changes in the gut microbial communities following addition of walnuts to the diet. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 48:94-102. [PMID: 28797931 PMCID: PMC5775887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Walnuts are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, phytochemicals and antioxidants making them unique compared to other foods. Consuming walnuts has been associated with health benefits including a reduced risk of heart disease and cancer. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked to several chronic diseases. One potential mechanism by which walnuts may exert their health benefit is through modifying the gut microbiome. This study identified the changes in the gut microbial communities that occur following the inclusion of walnuts in the diet. Male Fischer 344 rats (n=20) were randomly assigned to one of two diets for as long as 10 weeks: (1) walnut (W), and (2) replacement (R) in which the fat, fiber, and protein in walnuts were matched with corn oil, protein casein, and a cellulose fiber source. Intestinal samples were collected from the descending colon, the DNA isolated, and the V3-V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene deep sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq for characterization of the gut microbiota. Body weight and food intake did not differ significantly between the two diet groups. The diet groups had distinct microbial communities with animals consuming walnuts displaying significantly greater species diversity. Walnuts increased the abundance of Firmicutes and reduced the abundance of Bacteriodetes. Walnuts enriched the microbiota for probiotic-type bacteria including Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae, and Roseburia while significantly reducing Bacteroides and Anaerotruncus. The class Alphaproteobacteria was also reduced. Walnut consumption altered the gut microbial community suggesting a new mechanism by which walnuts may confer their beneficial health effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauri O Byerley
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112.
| | - Derrick Samuelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112.
| | - Eugene Blanchard
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112.
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112.
| | - Brittany N Lorenzen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112.
| | - Shelia Banks
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112.
| | - Monica A Ponder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, 401-D HABB1, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States 24061.
| | - David A Welsh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112.
| | - Christopher M Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112.
| |
Collapse
|