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Iskandar B, Mei HC, Liu TW, Lin HM, Lee CK. Evaluating the effects of surfactant types on the properties and stability of oil-in-water Rhodiola rosea nanoemulsion. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113692. [PMID: 38104466 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Different types and ratios of surfactant, co-surfactant, and oil phase, have a greater impact on nanoemulsion preparation. The presence of surfactants in the nanoemulsion can reduce surface tension and characteristic stability. In this study, four groups of oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions (NEs) with different ratios of surfactant and co-surfactant, and two oils were formulated as carriers of Rhodiola rosea. The variable optimization was investigated and then indicated as optimization group A (Opt A) with the formula of 10% of transcutol, 16.63% of tween 80, Opt B with 10% of tween 80, 29.87% of span 80, Opt C with 28.42% of transcutol, 30% of labrasol, and Opt D with 30% of transcutol, 30% of tween 80. Labrafac and soybean oil were used as the oil phase. The optimized formula using the response surface method (RSM) by design expert software showed the ideal conditions with a higher desirability score. Desirability score are 0.72% (Opt A), 0.81% (Opt B), 0.76% (Opt C) and 0.98% (Opt D), the desirability rating close to 1 indicates a high possibility that the projected values would closely match the experimental results for the optimum formula. All of the optimized formulation were also checked for the characteristics of nanoemulsion including particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, viscosity, encapsulation efficiency, transmission electron microscope (TEM), antioxidant activity, skin irritation test and stability studies. Our study provides a promising combination of surfactant-co-surfactant and oil phases to produce a stable nanoemulsion that can be used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benni Iskandar
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Riau College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (STIFAR), Pekanbaru 28292, Riau, Indonesia
| | - Hui-Ching Mei
- Department of Science Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Wei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Kuo Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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2
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Zhu ZD, Zhang M, Wang Z, Jiang CR, Huang CJ, Cheng HJ, Guan QY, Su TT, Wang MM, Gao Y, Wu HF, Wei W, Han YS, Wang QT. Chronic β-adrenergic stress contributes to cardiomyopathy in rodents with collagen-induced arthritis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1989-2003. [PMID: 37268711 PMCID: PMC10545746 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a much higher incidence of cardiac dysfunction, which contributes to the high mortality rate of RA despite anti-arthritic drug therapy. In this study, we investigated dynamic changes in cardiac function in classic animal models of RA and examined the potential effectors of RA-induced heart failure (HF). Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) models were established in rats and mice. The cardiac function of CIA animals was dynamically monitored using echocardiography and haemodynamics. We showed that cardiac diastolic and systolic dysfunction occurred in CIA animals and persisted after joint inflammation and that serum proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α) levels were decreased. We did not find evidence of atherosclerosis (AS) in arthritic animals even though cardiomyopathy was significant. We observed that an impaired cardiac β1AR-excitation contraction coupling signal was accompanied by sustained increases in blood epinephrine levels in CIA rats. Furthermore, serum epinephrine concentrations were positively correlated with the heart failure biomarker NT-proBNP in RA patients (r2 = +0.53, P < 0.0001). In CIA mice, treatment with the nonselective βAR blocker carvedilol (2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1, for 4 weeks) or the specific GRK2 inhibitor paroxetine (2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1, for 4 weeks) effectively rescued heart function. We conclude that chronic and persistent β-adrenergic stress in CIA animals is a significant contributor to cardiomyopathy, which may be a potential target for protecting RA patients against HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Duo Zhu
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chun-Ru Jiang
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chong-Jian Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Hui-Juan Cheng
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiu-Yun Guan
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tian-Tian Su
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Man-Man Wang
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hong-Fei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Wei Wei
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
| | - Qing-Tong Wang
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China.
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3
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Gao D, Cho CW, Yang Z, Li X, Kang JS. Identification and Quantitation of the Bioactive Components in Wasted Aralia elata Leaves Extract with Endothelial Protective Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:5907. [PMID: 37570877 PMCID: PMC10421206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aralia elata, a renowned medicinal plant with a rich history in traditional medicine, has gained attention for its potential therapeutic applications. However, the leaves of this plant have been largely overlooked and discarded due to limited knowledge of their biological activity and chemical composition. To bridge this gap, a comprehensive study was conducted to explore the therapeutic potential of the 70% ethanol extract derived from Aralia elata leaves (LAE) for the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Initially, the cytotoxic effects of LAE on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were assessed, revealing no toxicity within concentrations up to 5 μg/mL. This suggests that LAE could serve as a safe raw material for the development of health supplements and drugs aimed at promoting cardiovascular well-being. Furthermore, the study found that LAE extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in HUVECs by modulating the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. These findings are particularly significant as inflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of CVD. Moreover, LAE extract exhibited the ability to suppress the expression of adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, which are pivotal in leukocyte migration to inflamed blood vessels observed in various pathological conditions. In conjunction with the investigation on therapeutic potential, the study also established an optimal HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS method to identify and confirm the chemical constituents present in 24 samples collected from distinct regions in South Korea. Tentative identification revealed the presence of 14 saponins and nine phenolic compounds, while further analysis using PCA and PLS-DA allowed for the differentiation of samples based on their geographical origins. Notably, specific compounds such as chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, and quercitrin emerged as marker compounds responsible for distinguishing samples from different regions. Overall, by unraveling its endothelial protective activity and identifying key chemical constituents, this research not only offers valuable insights for the development of novel treatments but also underscores the importance of utilizing and preserving natural resources efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (D.G.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Chong-Woon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - Zemin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (D.G.); (Z.Y.)
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiwen Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (D.G.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Jong-Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
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Wang TK, Xu S, Fan Y, Wu J, Wang Z, Chen Y, Zhang Y. The Synergistic Effect of Proanthocyanidin and HDAC Inhibitor Inhibit Breast Cancer Cell Growth and Promote Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10476. [PMID: 37445654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) is a drug mainly used to treat hematological tumors and breast cancer, but its inhibitory effect on breast cancer falls short of expectations. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) with abundant proanthocyanidins (PAs) has been explored for its inhibition of HDAC activity in vitro and in vivo. To enhance HDACi's effectiveness, we investigated the potential of PA to synergistically enhance HDACi chidamide (Chi), and determined the underlying mechanism. We evaluated the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of PA and Chi using the cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), and analyzed drugs' synergistic effect with fixed-ratio combination using the software Compusyn. Breast cancer cell's phenotypes, including short-term and long-term proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, were assessed via CCK8, clone-formation assay, wound-healing test, Transwell Matrigel invasion assay, and flow-cytometry. Protein-protein interaction analysis (PPI) and KEGG pathway analysis were used to determine the underlying mechanism of synergy. PA + Chi synergistically inhibited cell growth in T47D and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Short-term and long-term proliferation were significantly inhibited, while cell apoptosis was promoted. Ten signaling pathways were identified to account for the synergistic effect after RNA sequencing. Their synergism may be closely related to the steroid biosynthesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction pathways. PA + Chi can synergistically inhibit breast cancer cell growth and proliferation, and promote apoptosis. These effects may be related to steroid biosynthesis or the ECM receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Ki Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaoting Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuanjian Fan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zilin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yunjian Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Nie F, Liu L, Cui J, Zhao Y, Zhang D, Zhou D, Wu J, Li B, Wang T, Li M, Yan M. Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins: An Updated Review of Their Natural Sources, Synthesis, and Potentials. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051004. [PMID: 37237870 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins (OPCs), as a class of compounds widely found in plants, are particularly abundant in grapes and blueberries. It is a polymer comprising many different monomers, such as catechins and epicatechins. The monomers are usually linked to each other by two types of links, A-linkages (C-O-C) and B-linkages (C-C), to form the polymers. Numerous studies have shown that compared to high polymeric procyanidins, OPCs exhibit antioxidant properties due to the presence of multiple hydroxyl groups. This review describes the molecular structure and natural source of OPCs, their general synthesis pathway in plants, their antioxidant capacity, and potential applications, especially the anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, cardiovascular disease prevention, and antineoplastic functions. Currently, OPCs have attracted much attention, being non-toxic and natural antioxidants of plant origin that scavenge free radicals from the human body. This review would provide some references for further research on the biological functions of OPCs and their application in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanxuan Nie
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Lili Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Jiamin Cui
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Yuquan Zhao
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Dinggang Zhou
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Jinfeng Wu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Bao Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Tonghua Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Mei Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Mingli Yan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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6
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Huang P. Proanthocyanidins may be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of carotid atherosclerosis: A review. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231167314. [PMID: 37096349 PMCID: PMC10134127 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231167314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease is one of the major causes of death in China, with associated serious risk of disability and burden on society and families. Therefore, the development of active and effective therapeutic drugs for this disease is of great significance. Proanthocyanidins are a class of naturally occurring active substances, rich in hydroxyl groups and from a wide range of sources. Studies have suggested that they have a strong potential for anti-atherosclerosis activity. In this paper, we review published evidence regarding anti-atherosclerotic effects of proanthocyanidins in different atherosclerotic research models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Huang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173 TaiShan North Road, DeYang, Sichuan 618000, China
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7
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Kocabas R. Effect of Vitamin D on YKL-40: Rat Hypercholesterolemia Model. Korean Circ J 2023; 53:92-102. [PMID: 36792559 PMCID: PMC9932220 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2022.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES YKL-40 is considered to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, the effect of serum 25(OH) vitamin D [25(OH)VitD] differences between groups on YKL-40 was evaluated on a hypercholesterolemia rat model. METHODS Thirty-two male rats (wistar albino) were equally divided into 4 groups. The first group was the control group; the second group was high-cholesterol (H-CH) adequate vitamin D (VitD) group (H-AdeVD). The third group was the H-CH deficient VitD group (H-DefVD), and the last group was designed with the H-CH supplement VitD (H-SupVD). The feeding process consisted of 2 stages. At the first stage (5 months), the H-DefVD group was fed on VitD deficient chow, while the other groups (control, H-AdeVD, H-SupVD) were fed on standard chow. At the second stage (3 months), the H-AdeVD and the H-SupVD groups were fed on the H-CH chow, whereas the H-DefVD group was fed on the H-CH-VitD deficient chow. Moreover, the H-SupVD group was given 100 IU/kg/day VitD along with the H-CH chow. RESULTS Compared with the control group, interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and YKL-40 values in the H-DefVD groups increased significantly (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.009, p=0.005; sequentially). CONCLUSION It can be concluded that VitD can suppress the YKL-40, thus, it will prevent CVD development in rat. Therefore, further clinical studies related with human will reveal the effect of VitD and YKL-40 on CVD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Kocabas
- Department of Biochemistry, Karamano\xc4\x9flu Mehmetbey University School of Medicine, Karaman, Turkey.
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Li YJ, Jin X, Li D, Lu J, Zhang XN, Yang SJ, Zhao YX, Wu M. New insights into vascular aging: Emerging role of mitochondria function. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Di M, Zhang Q, Wang J, Xiao X, Huang J, Ma Y, Yang H, Li M. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuates inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis via silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1)/nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23203. [PMID: 36056792 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis in vivo and in vitro will be explored in this study. The endometritis model was induced in female BALB/c mice uterus by perfusion with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and EGCG were administered at 1 h before LPS induction. The primary bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) were treated with EGCG for 1 h before LPS stimulation. Uterine histopathological changes, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress markers were determined. The extent of Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1), nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and Caspase1 was detected by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR assays. The results showed that EGCG significantly reversed the LPS-induced uterine histopathological changes, MPO activity, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Additionally, EGCG decreased oxidative stress and reduced cell apoptosis by upregulating SIRT1 expression, downregulating the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These findings indicated that EGCG exerted its greatest protective effects by blocking inflammatory responses, lowering oxidative stress, and reducing apoptosis via the SIRT1/NLRP3, making its promising candidate treatment for endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Di
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital. Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xifeng Xiao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianlei Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongya Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mao Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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10
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Zhu H, Liu C, Qian H. Pharmaceutical Potential of High-Altitude Plants for Fatigue-Related Disorders: A Review. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152004. [PMID: 35956482 PMCID: PMC9370126 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural plants from plateaus have been the richest source of secondary metabolites extensively used in traditional and modern health care systems. They were submitted to years of natural selection, co-evolved within that habitat, and show significant anti-fatigue-related pharmacological effects. However, currently, no review on high-altitude plants with anti-fatigue related properties has been published yet. This study summarized several Chinese traditional high-altitude plants, including Rhodiola rosea L., Crocus sativus L., Lepidium meyenii W., Hippophaerhamnoides L., which are widely used in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and surrounding mountains, as well as herbal markets in the plains. Based on phytopharmacology studies, deeper questions can be further revealed regarding how these plants regulate fatigue and related mental or physical disease conditions. Many active derivatives in high-altitude medical plants show therapeutic potential for the management of fatigue and related disorders. Therefore, high-altitude plants significantly relieve central or peripheral fatigue by acting as neuroprotective agents, energy supplements, metabolism regulators, antioxidant, and inflammatory response inhibitors. Their applications on the highland or flatland and prospects in natural medicine are further forecast, which may open treatments to reduce or prevent fatigue-related disorders in populations with sub-optimal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.Z.); (C.L.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.Z.); (C.L.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.Z.); (C.L.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence:
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Evaluation of Proanthocyanidins from Kiwi Leaves ( Actinidia chinensis) against Caco-2 Cells Oxidative Stress through Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071367. [PMID: 35883858 PMCID: PMC9312280 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are considered to be effective natural byproduct and bioactive antioxidants. However, few studies have focused on their mode of action pathways. In this study, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress indices, real-time PCR, Western blotting, confocal microscopy, and molecular docking were used to investigate the protective effect of purified kiwi leaves PAs (PKLPs) on Caco-2 cells’ oxidative stress mechanisms. The results confirmed that pre-treatment with PKLPs significantly reduced H2O2-induced oxidative damage, accompanied by declining ROS levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in the Caco-2 cells. The PKLPs upregulated the expression of antioxidative enzymes (GSH-px, CAT, T-SOD) and the relative mRNA (Nrf, HO-1, SOD-1, CAT) of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) signaling pathway. The protein-expressing level of the Nrf2 and its relative protein (NQO-1, HO-1, SOD-1) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the PKLPs pre-treatment group compared to the model group. In conclusion, the novelty of this study is that it explains how PKLPs’ efficacy on the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway, in protecting vital cells from oxidative stress, could be used for cleaner production.
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12
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The Effectiveness of Rhodiola rosea L. Preparations in Alleviating Various Aspects of Life-Stress Symptoms and Stress-Induced Conditions-Encouraging Clinical Evidence. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123902. [PMID: 35745023 PMCID: PMC9228580 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L. has a long history of use in traditional medicine to stimulate the nervous system, treat stress-induced fatigue and depression, enhance physical performance and work productivity and treat gastrointestinal ailments and impotence. Apart from its well-established traditional use, a significant number of publications on the clinical efficacy of various R. rosea preparations can be found in the literature. The majority of these studies are related to the efficacy of R. rosea in terms of cognitive functions and mental performance, including various symptoms of life-stress, fatigue and burnout. The beneficial effects of this medicinal plant on enhancing physical performance have also been evaluated in professional athletes and non-trained individuals. Moreover, even though most evidence originates from pre-clinical trials, several clinical studies have additionally demonstrated the remediating effects of R. rosea on cardiovascular and reproductive health by addressing non-specific stress damage and reversing or healing the disrupted physiologies and disfunctions. Overall, in accordance with its aim, the results presented in this review provide an encouraging basis for the clinical efficacy of R. rosea preparations in managing various aspects of stress-induced conditions.
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13
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Huang GL, Liu TT, Ma JJ, Sun LX, Sui SY, Quan XY, Wang YN. Anti-polyphenol oxidase mechanism of oligomeric procyanidins and its application on browning control of “Baiyu” loquat during storage. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Targeting Reactive Oxygen Species in Atherosclerosis via Chinese Herbal Medicines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1852330. [PMID: 35047104 PMCID: PMC8763505 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1852330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) has become the leading cause of human mortality with the coming acceleration of global population aging. Atherosclerosis is among the most common pathological changes in CCVDs. It is also a multifactorial disorder; oxidative stress caused by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has become an important mechanism of atherosclerosis. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is a major type of natural medicine that has made great contributions to human health. CHMs are increasingly used in the auxiliary clinical treatment of atherosclerosis. Although their mechanism of action is unclear, CHMs can exert a variety of antiatherosclerosis effects by regulating intracellular ROS. In this review, we discussed the mechanism of ROS regulation in atherosclerosis and analyzed the role of CHMs in the treatment of atherosclerosis via ROS.
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Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins and Bamboo Leaf Flavonoids Improve the Quality of Bull Semen Cryopreservation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031144. [PMID: 35164407 PMCID: PMC8838050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to inhibit oxidative stress to maintain sperm motility during cryopreservation. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of supplementing oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) and bamboo leaf flavonoids (BLF) or their combination as an extender for Simmental bull semen freezing. OPC, BLF, or their combination were added to the frozen diluent of bovine semen. Afterwards, computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA), detection of membrane functionality, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial integrity, CAT, SOD, GSH-PX, MDA, and ROS were conducted. The results showed that adding 50 mg/L OPC or 4 mg/L BLF could improve the quality of frozen sperm. Compared with 50 mg/L OPC alone, the combination of 50mg/L OPC and 2 mg/L BLF significantly increased the kinematic parameters of sperm, and sperm CAT, GSH-PX and SOD levels (p < 0.05), whereas the MDA of sperm was decreased (p < 0.05). These results indicated that compared to the addition of 50 mg/L OPC alone, a combination of 50 mg/L OPC and 2 mg/L BLF could further improve the quality of frozen semen. The results could provide theoretical data support for the development of a new protective agent and are significant for the cryopreservation of bovine semen in the future.
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Han X, Zhao W, Zhou Q, Chen H, Yuan J, Zhang XF, Zhang Z. Procyanidins from Hawthorn ( Crataegus Pinnatifida) Alleviates Lipid Metabolism Disorder via Inhibiting Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress, Normalizing Gut Microbiota Structure and Intestinal Barrier, Further Suppressing Hepatic Inflammation and Lipid Accumulation. Food Funct 2022; 13:7901-7917. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00836j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, lipid metabolism disorder (LMD) has been regarded as a risky factor leading to multiple diseases and affecting human health. Procyanidins have been reported to be the potential therapy for...
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17
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Molecular Mechanistic Pathways Targeted by Natural Antioxidants in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010015. [PMID: 35052518 PMCID: PMC8772744 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the progressive loss of renal function and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Despite optimal therapy, many patients progress to ESRD and require dialysis or transplantation. The pathogenesis of CKD involves inflammation, kidney fibrosis, and blunted renal cellular antioxidant capacity. In this review, we have focused on in vitro and in vivo experimental and clinical studies undertaken to investigate the mechanistic pathways by which these compounds exert their effects against the progression of CKD, particularly diabetic nephropathy and kidney fibrosis. The accumulated and collected data from preclinical and clinical studies revealed that these plants/bioactive compounds could activate autophagy, increase mitochondrial bioenergetics and prevent mitochondrial dysfunction, act as modulators of signaling pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and renal fibrosis. The main pathways targeted by these compounds include the canonical nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), canonical transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), autophagy, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE). This review presented an updated overview of the potential benefits of these antioxidants and new strategies to treat or reduce CKD progression, although the limitations related to the traditional formulation, lack of standardization, side effects, and safety.
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Silva DHADA, Barbosa HM, Silva JFDA, Moura CA, Gomes DA, Almeida JRGS, Lira EC. Antidiabetic properties of oral treatment of hexane and chloroform fractions of Morus nigra leaves in streptozotocin-induced rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20210744. [PMID: 34909830 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120210744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Morus nigra L. has been widely used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes. We evaluate the chemical composition and antidiabetic properties of the hexane (Hex-Mn) and chloroform (Chlo-Mn) fractions obtained by partition of the crude ethanolic extract from the leaves in rats. Chemical composition analysis of Hex-Mn and Chlor-Mn was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS). In vivo and in vitro studies were carried out to compare the antidiabetic activities of the Hex-Mn and Chlor-Mn fractions. Most of the compounds identified in Hex-Mn were α-linolenic acid, stigmast-5-en-3-ol and linolenic acid ethyl ester, while in Chlor-Mn, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, palmitic acid and α-linolenic acid were mainly identified. Only Hex-Mn treatment reduced both fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia. Additionally, Hex-Mn preserved body weight gain, preserved the hepatic glycogen content, and also reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitrite levels, as well as restored the superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, digestion of complex carbohydrates and intestinal glucose absorption was prevented by Hex-Mn treatment. Our results suggest that the antidiabetic activity of Hex-Mn may be explained, at least in part, by the insulin sensitivity increase, antioxidant properties and reduction in carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionísio H A DA Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Humberto M Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - July F DA Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Celuane A Moura
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais, Campus Petrolina/Centro, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, s/n, 56304-205 Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Dayane A Gomes
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Jackson R G S Almeida
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais, Campus Petrolina/Centro, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, s/n, 56304-205 Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Lira
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais, Campus Petrolina/Centro, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, s/n, 56304-205 Petrolina, PE, Brazil
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Hsieh SL, Wang JC, Huang YS, Wu CC. Ethanol extract of Gynura bicolour reduces atherosclerosis risk by enhancing antioxidant capacity and reducing adhesion molecule levels. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:504-512. [PMID: 33905670 PMCID: PMC8081304 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1912116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gynura bicolour (Roxb. and Willd.) DC (Asteraceae) leaf is a common vegetable. Ethanol extracts of fresh G. bicolour leaves (GBEE) have several physiological effects, but studies on atherosclerosis are limited. OBJECTIVE We investigated the oxidant scavenging ability and vascular adhesion molecule expression of these extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antioxidant effects of 0.05-0.4 mg/mL GBEE were analyzed in vitro. Intracellular antioxidant capacity and adhesion molecule levels were detected in EA.hy926 cells pre-treated with 10-100 μg/mL GBEE for 8 h, then TNF-α for 3 h. The antioxidant capacity of red blood cells and the adhesion molecule levels in the thoracic aorta were detected in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed Sprague-Dawley rats treated with GBEE for 12 weeks. RESULTS The in vitro EC50 values of GBEE based on its DPPH radical-scavenging ability, reducing power, and ferrous ion-chelating ability were 0.20, 3.21 and 0.49 mg/mL, respectively. In TNF-α-treated EA.hy926 cells, the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels were decreased after 10, 50, or 100 μg/mL GBEE treatments (IC50: 19.1 mg/mL). When HFD-fed rats were co-treated with GBEE, the GBEE-H group exhibited 25% higher glutathione levels than the HFD group (p < 0.05). E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion protein-1 levels were decreased in TNF-α-treated EA.hy926 cells after GBEE treatment (by approximately 11-73%; p < 0.05), and the above three adhesion molecules levels were decreased in HFD-fed rats with combined GBEE treatment (by approximately 30-77%; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS GBEE can protect the vascular endothelium by reducing adhesion molecule expression and regulating antioxidants. It may have the potential to prevent atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Chyi Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Shan Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Wu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
- CONTACT Chih-Chung Wu Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, No. 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung43301, Taiwan
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20
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Sun H, Feng J, Ma Y, Cai D, Luo Y, Wang Q, Li F, Zhang M, Hu Q. Down-regulation of microRNA-342-5p or Up-regulation of Wnt3a Inhibits Angiogenesis and Maintains Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability in Atherosclerosis Mice. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:165. [PMID: 34807315 PMCID: PMC8609054 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03608-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has demonstrated that microRNA-342-5p (miR-342-5p) is implicated in atherosclerosis (AS), but little is known regarding its intrinsic regulatory mechanisms. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of miR-342-5p targeting Wnt3a on formation of vulnerable plaques and angiogenesis of AS. ApoE-/- mice were fed with high-fat feed for 16 w to replicate the AS vulnerable plaque model. miR-342-5p and Wnt3a expression in aortic tissues of AS were detected. The target relationship between miR-342-5p and Wnt3a was verified. Moreover, ApoE-/- mice were injected with miR-342-5p antagomir and overexpression-Wnt3a vector to test their functions in serum lipid levels, inflammatory and oxidative stress-related cytokines, aortic plaque stability and angiogenesis in plaque of AS mice. miR-342-5p expression was enhanced and Wnt3a expression was degraded in aortic tissues of AS mice and miR-342-5p directly targeted Wnt3a. Up-regulating Wnt3a or down-regulating miR-342-5p reduced blood lipid content, inflammatory and oxidative stress levels, the vulnerability of aortic tissue plaque and inhibited angiogenesis in aortic plaque of AS mice. Functional studies show that depleting miR-342-5p can stabilize aortic tissue plaque and reduce angiogenesis in plaque in AS mice via restoring Wnt3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Sun
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Jinhua Feng
- Department of General Practitioner, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, Qinghai, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, Haixi People's Hospital, Delingha, 817099, Qinghai, China
| | - Ding Cai
- Department of Neurology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, No. 2 Gonghe Road, East District, Xining, 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Yulu Luo
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Qinggong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Quanzhong Hu
- Department of Neurology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, No. 2 Gonghe Road, East District, Xining, 810007, Qinghai Province, China.
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21
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Sun P, Zhao L, Zhang N, Zhou J, Zhang L, Wu W, Ji B, Zhou F. Bioactivity of Dietary Polyphenols: The Role in LDL-C Lowering. Foods 2021; 10:2666. [PMID: 34828946 PMCID: PMC8617782 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of the death around the world. An elevation of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. To achieve optimal plasma LDL-C levels, clinal therapies were investigated which targeted different metabolism pathways. However, some therapies also caused various adverse effects. Thus, there is a need for new treatment options and/or combination therapies to inhibit the LDL-C level. Dietary polyphenols have received much attention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases due to their potential LDL-C lowering effects. However, the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of polyphenols in lowering LDL-C is not comprehensively summarized. This review focused on dietary polyphenols that could reduce LDL-C and their mechanisms of action. This review also discussed the limitations and suggestions regarding previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.S.); (N.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Liang Zhao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China;
| | - Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.S.); (N.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.S.); (N.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Liebing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.S.); (N.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Baoping Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.S.); (N.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.S.); (N.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (B.J.)
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22
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He X, Yang F, Huang X. Proceedings of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Synthesis of Biflavonoids. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196088. [PMID: 34641631 PMCID: PMC8512048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Biflavonoids, composed of two monoflavonoid residues, occur naturally in angiosperms, bryophytes, ferns, and gymnosperms. More than 592 biflavonoids have been structurally elucidated, and they can be classified into two groups of C-C and C-linear fragments-C, based on whether the linker between the two residues contains an atom. As the linker can be established on two arbitrary rings from different residues, the C-C type contains various subtypes, as does the C-linear fragment-C type. Biflavonoids have a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, antidiabetic, antitumor, and cytotoxic properties, and they can be applied in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This review mainly summarizes the distribution and chemistry of biflavonoids; additionally, their bioactivities, pharmacokinetics, and synthesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqian He
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.H.); (F.Y.)
| | - Fan Yang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.H.); (F.Y.)
| | - Xin’an Huang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.H.); (F.Y.)
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-36585450
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23
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Yang S, Zhang Y, Li W, You B, Yu J, Huang X, Yang R. Gut Microbiota Composition Affects Procyanidin A2-Attenuated Atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- Mice by Modulating the Bioavailability of Its Microbial Metabolites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6989-6999. [PMID: 34142543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Procyanidin A2 (PCA2) has been shown to improve lipid metabolism. However, it remains to know whether it can play a role in preventing atherosclerosis (AS) through gut microbiota. This study examined the effect of PCA2 on high fat diet (HFD)-induced AS in ApoE-/- mice with an intact and antibiotic-depleted microbiota. PCA2 administration for 12 weeks attenuated HFD-induced AS in ApoE-/- mice, evidenced by obviously alleviating the histological abnormalities of the aorta, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which were accompanied by downregulating the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and upregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1. Moreover, PCA2 treatment reshaped the gut microbiota imbalance caused by HFD, especially reducing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and increasing the abundance of Verrucomicrobia. However, antibiotic intervention almost offset the alleviation of AS by PCA2 and prevented the biotransformation of PCA2 by gut microbiota, thus resulting in a 2327.21-6.27-fold decrease in its microbial metabolites of plasma. There was a marked correlation among the microbiota composition, the bioavailability of PCA2-derived microbial metabolites, and AS indicators. The findings indicate that the gut microbiota robustly influences the bioavailability of microbial metabolites that may partially drive the AS resilience property of PCA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wu Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Bangyan You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiawen Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruili Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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24
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Bioactive procyanidins from dietary sources: The relationship between bioactivity and polymerization degree. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Kirenol Inhibits B[a]P-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Endothelial Cells via Modulation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5585303. [PMID: 33981385 PMCID: PMC8088375 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5585303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a persistent inflammatory disorder specified by the dysfunction of the arteries, the world's leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. We sought to determine the effectiveness of KRL in B[a]P-induced oxidative stress and programmed cell death in endothelial cells. Western blotting, real-time PCR, DCFH2-DA, and TUNEL staining were performed to detect pPI3K, pAKT, Nrf2, HO-1, NQO-1, Bcl2, Bax, and caspase-3 on the HUVECs. Through the pretreatment of KRL, a drastic enhancement was observed in the cell viability of HUVECs, whereas DNA damage and generation of reactive oxygen species induced by B[a]P was suppressed. KRL's potential use as an antioxidant was observed to have a direct correlation with an antioxidant gene's augmented expression and the nuclear translocation activation of Nrf2, even during the event when B[a]P was found to be absent. In addition, this study proved that the signaling cascades of PI3K/AKT mediated Nrf2 translocation. Activation of suppressed nuclear Nrf2 and reduced antioxidant genes across cells interacting with an LY294002 confirmed this phenomenon. In addition, knockdown of Nrf2 by Nrf2-siRNA transfection abolished the protective effects of KRL on HUVECs cells against oxidative damage. Finally, the expression of apoptotic proteins also supported the hypothesis that KRL may inhibit endothelial dysfunction. This study showed that KRL potentially prevents B[a]P-induced redox imbalance in the vascular endothelium by inducing the Nrf2 signaling via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Wang G, Pan R, Liang X, Wu X, Wu Y, Zhang H, Zhao J, Chen W. Perfluorooctanoic acid-induced liver injury is potentially associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129004. [PMID: 33279240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), an environmental pollutant, is widely engaged in industrial products and tends to accumulate in the liver. Emerging evidence has suggested that the gut microbiome is a pivotal player in maintaining animal health and can potentially altered by xenobiotic. However, few studies explored whether PFOA-induced liver injury is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. In the present study, the effects of subacute and subchronic PFOA exposure on liver and gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice were investigated. Our findings showed that both subacute and subchronic exposure to PFOA induced the liver inflammation, disrupted antioxidative homeostasis and caused liver histological abnormalities with detectable hepatomegaly, ultimately triggering liver injury. Besides, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that subacute PFOA exposure caused significant changes in the abundances of intestinal flora known to contribute to liver inflammation and oxidative stress, such as the Dehalobacterium and Bacteroides genera. Exposure to subchronic toxicity mainly induced the decrease in commensal probiotics including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, which are potentially beneficial to liver damage, compared with that in the untreated group. They also resulted in disturbed functional capabilities of the microbial communities by a Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis. Additionally, the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyric acid, were significantly reduced by PFOA administration. Collectively, our observations suggested that liver damage induced by both subacute and subchronic PFOA exposures probably partly related to the gut microbiota dysbiosis and provided a new insight into the role of PFOA in liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Ruili Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Xi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Yanmin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, 225004, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, 225004, PR China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, PR China
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Suppressive Effects of the Gynura bicolor Ether Extract on Endothelial Permeability and Leukocyte Transmigration in Human Endothelial Cells Induced by TNF- α. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2020:9413724. [PMID: 33425001 PMCID: PMC7772037 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9413724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gynura bicolor (Roxb. and Willd.) DC (G. bicolor) is generally used as a dietary vegetable and traditional herb in Taiwan and the Far East. G. bicolor exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and regulates blood lipids and cholesterol. However, the effects of G. bicolor on endothelial transmigration and atherosclerosis are not clear. The present study investigated the effects of G. bicolor on endothelial permeability and transmigration in human endothelial cells. We prepared G. bicolor ether extract (GBEE) for use as the experimental material. Under TNF-α stimulation, HL-60 cell adherence to EA.hy926 cells, the shape of EA.hy926 cells, and the expression of adhesion molecules and transmigration-related regulatory molecules were analysed after pretreatment with GBEE for 24 h. GBEE inhibited leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, reduced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) expressions, and decreased endothelial monolayer permeability. GBEE also reduced paracellular transmigration by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), Src phosphorylation, and vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) phosphorylation. GBEE reduced transcellular migration via inhibition of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) expression and phosphorylation of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) protein. Incubation of EA.hy926 cells with GBEE for 8 h and stimulation with TNF-α for 3 h reduced the phosphorylation of the inhibitor of kappa B (IĸB) and DNA-binding activity of nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-ĸB). These results suggest that GBEE has a protective effect against endothelial dysfunction via suppression of leukocyte-endothelium adhesion and transmigration.
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Correlation between Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Traditional Chinese Medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2902136. [PMID: 33101442 PMCID: PMC7568168 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2902136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one threat that seriously endangers human health. However, the mechanism of their occurrence is not completely clear. Increasing studies showed that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to CVD. Possible causes of mitochondrial dysfunction include oxidative stress, Ca2+ disorder, mitochondrial DNA mutations, and reduction of mitochondrial biosynthesis, all of which are closely related to the development of CVD. At present, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used in the treatment of CVD. TCM has the therapeutic characteristics of multitargets and multipathways. Studies have shown that TCM can treat CVD by protecting mitochondrial function. Via systematic literature review, the results show that the specific mechanisms include antioxidant stress, regulation of calcium homeostasis, antiapoptosis, and regulation of mitochondrial biosynthesis. This article describes the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and CVD, summarizes the TCM commonly used for the treatment of CVD in recent years, and focuses on the regulatory effect of TCM on mitochondrial function.
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Han X, Bai B, Zhou Q, Niu J, Yuan J, Zhang H, Jia J, Zhao W, Chen H. Dietary supplementation with polysaccharides from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Pozao intervenes in immune response via regulating peripheral immunity and intestinal barrier function in cyclophosphamide-induced mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:5992-6006. [PMID: 32697211 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00008f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Pozao has been consumed as a traditional fruit with regional characteristics in China for a long time; however, fewer studies on polysaccharides from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Pozao (JP) have been documented. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of JP on cyclophosphamide-induced ICR mice for 28 days. The results showed that oral administration of JP could significantly improve the lymphocyte proliferation in the spleen and decrease the proportion of CD3+ and CD4+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in cyclophosphamide-induced mice in a dose-dependent manner. JP treatment also increased the levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in serum and the intestine, and the improvement effects were proportional to the dose of JP. Similarly, JP significantly increased the levels of IgA and SIgA, as well as the expressions of Claudin-1 and Occludin in the intestine. Particularly, the expressions of Claudin-1 and Occludin were the best in the M-JP group. Furthermore, JP positively regulated the gut microbiota as indicated by the enriched microbiota diversity. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly decreased by JP, while that of Bacteroidetes was increased by JP treatment. More importantly, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was significantly increased. And a high dose of JP is the most effective. At the genus level, the abundances of the Bacteroidales-S24-7-group, Lachnospiraceae, Alloprevotella, Alistipes and Bacteroides were increased by JP treatment. These results provided evidence for the regulating effect of JP on the peripheral immunity and intestinal barrier function in cyclophosphamide-induced hypoimmune mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Department of Nutritional and Food Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, P. R. China.
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Tie F, Wang J, Liang Y, Zhu S, Wang Z, Li G, Wang H. Proanthocyanidins Ameliorated Deficits of Lipid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Via Inhibiting Adipogenesis and Improving Mitochondrial Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2029. [PMID: 32188147 PMCID: PMC7139784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins are the major active compounds extracted from Iris lactea Pall. var. Chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz (I. lactea). Proanthocyanidins exhibit a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, and lowering blood lipids. However, the underlying mechanism of its regulating effect on lipid metabolism in diabetic conditions remains unclear. The present study investigated the effects of I. lactea-derived proanthocyanidins on lipid metabolism in mice of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Results demonstrated a beneficial effect of total proanthocyanidins on dysregulated lipid metabolism and hepatic steatosis in high-fat-diet/streptozocin (STZ)-induced T2DM. To identify the mechanisms, six flavan-3-ols were isolated from proanthocyanidins of I. lacteal and their effects on adipogenesis and dexamethasone (Dex)-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in 3T3-L1 adipocytes were determined. In vitro studies showed flavan-3-ols inhibited adipogenesis and restored mitochondrial function after Dex-induced insulin resistance, being suggested by increased mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular ATP contents, mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduced reactive oxygen species. Among the six flavan-3-ols, procyanidin B3 and procyanidin B1 exhibited the strongest effects. Our study suggests potential of proanthocyanidins as therapeutic target for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Tie
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; (F.T.); (J.W.); (Z.W.)
- Institutes of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; (F.T.); (J.W.); (Z.W.)
- Institutes of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuexin Liang
- Center for Mitochondrial and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shujun Zhu
- Center for Mitochondrial and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; (F.T.); (J.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Gang Li
- Center for Mitochondrial and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Honglun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; (F.T.); (J.W.); (Z.W.)
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Mohd Ariff A, Abu Bakar NA, Abd Muid S, Omar E, Ismail NH, Ali AM, Mohd Kasim NA, Mohd Nawawi H. Ficus deltoidea suppresses endothelial activation, inflammation, monocytes adhesion and oxidative stress via NF-κB and eNOS pathways in stimulated human coronary artery endothelial cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:56. [PMID: 32066426 PMCID: PMC7076839 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2844-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ficus deltoidea (FD) has been shown to have antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant properties. However, its effects on key events in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are unknown. Aim To investigate the endothelial activation, inflammation, monocyte-endothelial cell binding and oxidative stress effects of four FD varieties. Methods Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) were incubated with different concentrations of aqueous ethanolic extracts of FD var. trengganuensis (FDT), var. kunstleri (FDK), var. deltoidea (FDD) and var. intermedia (FDI), together with LPS. Protein and gene expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (E-selectin), interleukin-6 (IL-6), Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p50 and p65 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were measured using ELISA and QuantiGene plex, respectively. Adhesion of monocyte to HCAEC and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by Rose Bengal staining and 2′-7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. Results FDK exhibited the highest inhibition of biomarkers in relation to endothelial activation and inflammation, second in reducing monocyte binding (17.3%) compared to other varieties. FDK (25.6%) was also the most potent at decreasing ROS production. Conclusion FD has anti-atherogenic effects, possibly mediated by NF-κB and eNOS pathways; with FDK being the most potent variety. It is potentially beneficial in mitigating atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirah Mohd Ariff
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Ain Abu Bakar
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suhaila Abd Muid
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Effat Omar
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hadiani Ismail
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Manaf Ali
- Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), 20300, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Noor Alicezah Mohd Kasim
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hapizah Mohd Nawawi
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
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32
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Candidate SNP Markers of Atherogenesis Significantly Shifting the Affinity of TATA-Binding Protein for Human Gene Promoters show stabilizing Natural Selection as a Sum of Neutral Drift Accelerating Atherogenesis and Directional Natural Selection Slowing It. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031045. [PMID: 32033288 PMCID: PMC7037642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) regards atherosclerosis-related myocardial infarction and stroke as the main causes of death in humans. Susceptibility to atherogenesis-associated diseases is caused by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). (2) Methods: Using our previously developed public web-service SNP_TATA_Comparator, we estimated statistical significance of the SNP-caused alterations in TATA-binding protein (TBP) binding affinity for 70 bp proximal promoter regions of the human genes clinically associated with diseases syntonic or dystonic with atherogenesis. Additionally, we did the same for several genes related to the maintenance of mitochondrial genome integrity, according to present-day active research aimed at retarding atherogenesis. (3) Results: In dbSNP, we found 1186 SNPs altering such affinity to the same extent as clinical SNP markers do (as estimated). Particularly, clinical SNP marker rs2276109 can prevent autoimmune diseases via reduced TBP affinity for the human MMP12 gene promoter and therefore macrophage elastase deficiency, which is a well-known physiological marker of accelerated atherogenesis that could be retarded nutritionally using dairy fermented by lactobacilli. (4) Conclusions: Our results uncovered SNPs near clinical SNP markers as the basis of neutral drift accelerating atherogenesis and SNPs of genes encoding proteins related to mitochondrial genome integrity and microRNA genes associated with instability of the atherosclerotic plaque as a basis of directional natural selection slowing atherogenesis. Their sum may be stabilizing the natural selection that sets the normal level of atherogenesis.
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Li X, Jiang H, Pu Y, Cao J, Jiang W. Inhibitory Effect of Condensed Tannins from Banana Pulp on Cholesterol Esterase and Mechanisms of Interaction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:14066-14073. [PMID: 31762280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the inhibitory effect of condensed tannins (CTs) on cholesterol esterase (CEase) was studied. The underlying mechanisms were evaluated by reaction kinetics, turbidity and particle size analyses, multispectroscopy methods, thermodynamics, and computer molecular simulations. CTs showed potent CEase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 64.19 μg/mL, and the CEase activity decreased with increasing CT content in a mixed-competitive manner, which was verified by molecular docking simulations. Fluorescence and UV-vis measurements revealed that complexes were formed from CEase and CTs by noncovalent interaction. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicated that the interaction between CEase and CTs occurred through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Circular dichroism analysis suggested that CTs inhibited the activity of CEase by altering the secondary structure of CEase. The inhibition of CTs on CEase in the gastrointestinal tract might be one mechanism for its cholesterol-lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxin Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Yijing Pu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Jiankang Cao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
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New Insights for Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: Herbal Medicine as Potential Therapeutic Approach. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4598167. [PMID: 31915506 PMCID: PMC6930799 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4598167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a progressive disease affecting around 900 million people worldwide, and in recent years, the mechanism of aging and aging-related diseases has been well studied. Treatments for aging-related diseases have also made progress. For the long-term treatment of aging-related diseases, herbal medicine is particularly suitable for drug discovery. In this review, we discuss cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and aging-related diseases, including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy and exosome interactions, mitochondrial injury, and telomerase damage, and summarize commonly used herbals and compounds concerned with the development of aging-related diseases, including Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, Panax notoginseng, Radix astragali, Lycium barbarum, Rhodiola rosea, Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, resveratrol, curcumin, and flavonoids. We also summarize key randomized controlled trials of herbal medicine for aging-related diseases during the past ten years. Adverse reactions of herbs were also described. It is expected to provide new insights for slowing aging and treating aging-related diseases with herbal medicine.
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Tang T, Duan Z, Xu J, Liang J, Zhang S, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang Y. Pterostilbene reduces endothelial cell injury in vascular arterial walls by regulating the Nrf2-mediated AMPK/STAT3 pathway in an atherosclerosis rat model. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:45-52. [PMID: 31853271 PMCID: PMC6909712 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury in vascular arterial walls is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Pterostilbene (Pts) has been shown to have an anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effect in numerous diseases via regulation of intracellular metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect and possible mechanism of Pts against endothelial cell apoptosis in an atherosclerotic rat model. An atherosclerotic rat model was established using a high-fat, high glucose and high cholesterol diet. The effects of Pts on apoptosis and oxidative stress injury were measured using atherosclerotic lesion analysis, western blot analysis, hematoxylin and eosin straining, TUNEL assay and immunohistochemistry. In vivo results in an atherosclerosis rat model showed that Pts administration decreased the inflammatory response. Pts administration attenuated atherogenesis, reduced aortic plaque size, reduced macrophage infiltration, and suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis of vascular arterial walls. In vitro assays using cultured human endothelial cells showed that Pts administration decreased hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress injury and apoptosis via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation in endothelial cells. Additionally, Pts administration increased the expression level of Nrf2 and 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the phosphorylation level of AMPK and decreased signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression in these cells. Furthermore, knockdown of Nrf2 prevented Pts-decrease oxidative stress injury and apoptosis. In conclusion, these data suggest that Pts can protect endothelial cells in the vascular arterial walls against atherosclerosis-induced injury through regulation of the Nrf2-mediated AMPK/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieyu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Zuowei Duan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China.,Department of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Xinjiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Yingge Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
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36
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Yuan Y, Liu Q, Zhao F, Cao J, Shen X, Li C. Holothuria Leucospilota Polysaccharides Ameliorate Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat Diet-Induced Rats via Short-Chain Fatty Acids Production and Lipid Metabolism Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194738. [PMID: 31554265 PMCID: PMC6801986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Holothuria leucospilota polysaccharides (HLP) are expected to become potential resources for the treatment of hyperlipidemia because of their various bioactivities. In the study, the treatment of HLP on improving hyperlipidemia in rats was explored. Oral administration of HLP at 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight effectively alleviated serum lipid levels and liver histological abnormalities in high-fat-diet rats. HLP regulated abnormal mRNA, lipogenesis-related hormones and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-12) levels. HLP improved the ability of gut microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs have been found to ameliorate liver lesions. Therefore, HLP alleviated hyperlipidemia by improving the levels of SCFAs to regulate lipid metabolism. These results indicated that HLP could be used as beneficial polysaccharides to alleviate hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiong Yuan
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Qibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Fuqiang Zhao
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xuanri Shen
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Chuan Li
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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