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Zhang J, Yang Q, Wulu J, Zhang Z. Integrated multicomponent analysis based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry and network pharmacology to elucidate the effective constituents and potential mechanism of Zhibai Dihuang pill in treating childhood precocious puberty. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9831. [PMID: 38837506 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Childhood precocious puberty (CPP) is a common pediatric endocrine disorder with significant associated risks. Zhibai Dihuang pill (ZBDHP), a classic recipe of the Qing dynasty with its efficacy of nourishing yin and clearing heat, can downregulate the expression of ESR1 in the uterus and ovaries, thereby inhibiting CPP. However, as of now, the main active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of ZBDHP remain unclear. METHODS A comprehensive approach was proposed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS) and network pharmacology to explore the potentially active constituents of ZBDHP and reveal the underlying mechanisms against CPP. Molecular docking was used to verify the possible mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 214 constituents derived were identified via UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS, and 12 of them were definitely characterized using reference standards. Subsequently, compounds tetrahydropalmatine, alisol C, 25-anhydroalisol A 11-acetate, hispidone, cavidine, alisol E, melianone, neogitogenin, denudatin B, and 16β-hydroperoxyalisol B with related targets PIK3CA, HSD11B1, CYP19A1, AR, PTGS2, CDK2, NR3C1, MMP2, MMP1, and MAPK1 were regarded as key components and targets for ZBDHP treating CPP using the compound-target-pathway network. Besides, the results revealed that the pathways conduced obviously to therapeutic efficacy, including pathways in cancer, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) signaling pathways. Molecular docking indicated that PIK3CA, HSD11B1, and CYP19A1 exhibited high affinities to corresponding compounds. Overall, the study determined the multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway mechanisms of ZBDHP against CPP. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a new method for exploring the chemical constituents and pharmacology mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Zhang
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Qinzhou Provincial Health School, Qinzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiansang Wulu
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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Lin Y, Xu L, Lin H, Cui W, Jiao Y, Wang B, Li H, Wang X, Wu J. Network pharmacology and experimental validation to investigate the mechanism of Nao-Ling-Su capsule in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117958. [PMID: 38395179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nao-Ling-Su Capsule (NLSC) is a traditional prescription, which is composed of fifteen herbs such as epimedium, Polygala tenuifolia, and Schisandra chinensis. It has the effect of strengthening the brain, calming nerves, and protecting the kidney, which has been used clinically for many years to strengthen the brain and kidney. However, the effect of NLSC in the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aims to elucidate the pharmacological actions of NLSC in the treatment of AKI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molecular targets for NLSC and AKI were obtained from various databases, and then we built networks of interactions between proteins (PPI) by employing string databases. Additionally, we employed the DAVID database to conduct gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Molecular docking was conducted to analyze the interaction between core components and their corresponding core targets. Next, the C57BL male mice model of ischemia/reperfusion damage (IRI) was developed, and the nephridial protective effect of NLSC was evaluated. The accuracy of the expected targets was confirmed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The renal protective effect of NLSC was assessed using an immortalized human kidney tubular (HK-2) cell culture produced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). RESULTS Network pharmacology analysis identified 199 common targets from NLSC and AKI. STAT3, HSP90AA1, TP53, MAPK3, JUN, JAK2, and VEGFA could serve as potential drug targets and were associated with JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, etc. The molecular docking analysis confirmed significant docking activity between the main bioactive components and core targets, including STAT3 and KIM-1. Moreover, the AKI mice model was successfully established and NLSC pretreatment could improve renal function and alleviate renal damage. NLSC could alleviate renal inflammation and tubular cell apoptosis, and decrease the expression of STAT3 and KIM-1 in AKI mice. In vitro, both NLSC and drug-containing serum may protect HK-2 cells by inhibiting STAT3 signaling, especially STAT3-mediated apoptosis and KIM-1 expression. CONCLUSION NLSC could alleviate renal inflammation and apoptosis, exerting its beneficial effects by targeting the STAT3/KIM-1 pathway. NLSC is a promising candidate for AKI treatment and provides a new idea and method for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Lin
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Standard Innovation and Quality Evaluation, Shangdong Engineering Research Center for Generic Technologies of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Standard Innovation and Quality Evaluation, Shangdong Engineering Research Center for Generic Technologies of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250c55, Shandong, China
| | - Huibin Lin
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Weiliang Cui
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Standard Innovation and Quality Evaluation, Shangdong Engineering Research Center for Generic Technologies of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Standard Innovation and Quality Evaluation, Shangdong Engineering Research Center for Generic Technologies of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Standard Innovation and Quality Evaluation, Shangdong Engineering Research Center for Generic Technologies of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China
| | - Huifen Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250c55, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Jichao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Xie D, Quan J, Yu X, Liang Z, Chen Y, Wu L, Lin L, Fan L. Molecular mechanism of Jianpiyifei II granules in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, and experimental assessment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155273. [PMID: 38342020 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined by persistent airway and lung inflammation, excessive mucus production, remodeling of the airways, and damage to the alveolar tissue. Based on clinical experience, it has been observed that Jianpiyifei II (JPYF II) granules exhibit a significant therapeutic impact on individuals suffering from stable COPD. Nevertheless, the complete understanding of JPYF II's potential mode of action against COPD remains to be further clarified. PURPOSE To further investigate the underlying mechanism of JPYF II for treating COPD and clarify the role of the IL-17 pathway in the treatment. METHODS A variety of databases were utilized to acquire JPYF II's bioactive components, as well as related targets of JPYF II and COPD. Cytoscape was utilized to establish multiple interaction networks for the purpose of topological analyses and core-target screening. The Metascape was utilized to identify the function of target genes and crucial signaling pathways. To evaluate the interactions between bioactive ingredients and central target proteins, molecular docking simulations were conducted. Following that, a sequence of experiments was conducted both in the laboratory and in living organisms, which included analyzing the cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), examining lung tissue for histopathological changes, conducting immunohistochemistry, RT‒qPCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. RESULTS In JPYF II, 88 bioactive ingredients were predicted to have a total of 342 targets. After conducting Venn analysis, it was discovered that 284 potential targets of JPYF II were linked to the provision of defensive benefits against COPD. The PPI network yielded a total of twenty-four core targets. The findings from the analysis of enrichment and gene‒pathway network suggested that JPYF II targeted Hsp90, MAPKs, ERK, AP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, CXCL8, and MMP-9 as crucial elements for COPD treatment through the IL-17 pathway. Additionally, JPYF II might modulate MAPK signaling pathways and the downstream transcription factor AP-1 via IL-17 regulation. According to the findings from molecular docking, it was observed that the 24 core target proteins exhibited robust binding affinities towards the top 10 bioactive compounds. Furthermore, the treatment of COPD through the regulation of MAPKs in the IL-17 pathway was significantly influenced by flavonoids and sterols found in JPYF II. In vitro, these observations were further confirmed. In vivo results demonstrated that JPYF II reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in pulmonary tissues and the quantity of inflammatory cells in BALF obtained from LPS- and CS-stimulated mice. Moreover, the administration of JPYF II resulted in the inhibition of IL-17 mRNA and protein levels, phosphorylation levels of MAPK proteins, and expression of phosphorylated AP-1 proteins. It also suppressed the expression of downstream effector genes and proteins associated with the IL-17/MAPK/AP-1 signaling axis in lung tissues and BALF. CONCLUSION This research reveals that JPYF II improves COPD by controlling the IL-17/MAPK/AP-1 signaling axis within the IL-17 pathway for the first time. These findings offer potential approaches for the creation of novel medications that specifically target IL-17 and proteins involved in the IL-17 pathway to address COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuhua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Long Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
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Lv S, Wang Q, Zhang X, Ning F, Liu W, Cui M, Xu Y. Mechanisms of multi-omics and network pharmacology to explain traditional chinese medicine for vascular cognitive impairment: A narrative review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155231. [PMID: 38007992 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The term "vascular cognitive impairment" (VCI) describes various cognitive conditions that include vascular elements. It increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population and is the most common cognitive impairment associated with cerebrovascular disease. Understanding the etiology of VCI may aid in identifying approaches to target its possible therapy for the condition. Treatment of VCI has focused on vascular risk factors. There are no authorized conventional therapies available right now. The medications used to treat VCI are solely approved for symptomatic relief and are not intended to prevent or slow the development of VCI. PURPOSE The function of Chinese medicine in treating VCI has not yet been thoroughly examined. This review evaluates the preclinical and limited clinical evidence to comprehend the "multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway" mechanism of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It investigates the various multi-omics approaches in the search for the pathological mechanisms of VCI, as well as the new research strategies, in the hopes of supplying supportive evidence for the clinical treatment of VCI. METHODS This review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statements. Using integrated bioinformatics and network pharmacology approaches, a thorough evaluation and analysis of 25 preclinical studies published up to July 1, 2023, were conducted to shed light on the mechanisms of TCM for vascular cognitive impairment. The studies for the systematic review were located using the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect. RESULTS We discovered that the multi-omics analysis approach would hasten the discovery of the role of TCM in the treatment of VCI. It will explore components, compounds, targets, and pathways, slowing the progression of VCI from the perspective of inhibiting oxidative stress, stifling neuroinflammation, increasing cerebral blood flow, and inhibiting iron deposition by a variety of molecular mechanisms, which have significant implications for the treatment of VCI. CONCLUSION TCM is a valuable tool for developing dementia therapies, and further research is needed to determine how TCM components may affect the operation of the neurovascular unit. There are still some limitations, although several research have offered invaluable resources for searching for possible anti-dementia medicines and treatments. To gain new insights into the molecular mechanisms that precisely modulate the key molecules at different levels during pharmacological interventions-a prerequisite for comprehending the mechanism of action and determining the potential therapeutic value of the drugs-further research should employ more standardized experimental methods as well as more sophisticated science and technology. Given the results of this review, we advocate integrating chemical and biological component analysis approaches in future research on VCI to provide a more full and objective assessment of the standard of TCM. With the help of bioinformatics, a multi-omics analysis approach will hasten the discovery of the role of TCM in the treatment of VCI, which has significant implications for the treatment of VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Fangli Ning
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Mengmeng Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China.
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Liu YM, Li XQ, Zhang XR, Chen YY, Liu YP, Zhang HQ, Chen Y. Uncovering the key pharmacodynamic material basis and possible molecular mechanism of extract of Epimedium against liver cancer through a comprehensive investigation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116765. [PMID: 37328080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver cancer is a worldwide malignant tumor, and currently lacks effective treatments. Clinical studies have shown that epimedium (YYH) has therapeutic effects on liver cancer, and some of its prenylflavonoids have demonstrated anti-liver cancer activity through multiple mechanisms. However, there is still a need for systematic research to uncover the key pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of YYH. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to screen the anti-cancer material basis of YYH via integrating spectrum-effect analysis with serum pharmacochemistry, and explore the multi-target mechanisms of YYH against liver cancer by combining network pharmacology with metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-cancer effect of the extract of YYH (E-YYH) was first evaluated in mice with xenotransplantation H22 tumor cells burden and cultured hepatic cells. Then, the interaction between E-YYH compounds and the cytotoxic effects was revealed through spectrum-effect relationship analysis. And the cytotoxic effects of screened compounds were verified in hepatic cells. Next, UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was employed to identify the absorbed components of E-YYH in rat plasma to distinguish anti-cancer components. Subsequently, network pharmacology based on anti-cancer materials and metabolomics were used to discover the potential anti-tumor mechanisms of YYH. Key targets and biomarkers were identified and pathway enrichment analysis was performed. RESULTS The anti-cancer effect of E-YYH was verified through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Six anti-cancer compounds in plasma (icariin, baohuoside Ⅰ, epimedin C, 2″-O-rhamnosyl icariside Ⅱ, epimedin B and sagittatoside B) were screened out by spectrum-effect analysis. Forty-five liver-cancer-related targets were connected with these compounds. Among these targets, PTGS2, TNF, NOS3 and PPARG were considered to be the potential key targets preliminarily verified by molecular docking. Meanwhile, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and arachidonic acid metabolism were found to be associated with E-YYH's efficacy in network pharmacology and metabolomics analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our research revealed the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism of E-YYH. This study also provided an experimental basis and scientific evidence for the clinical application and rational development of YYH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Research Center, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Xiao-Qi Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Research Center, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Xiao-Ran Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Research Center, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Research Center, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Yu-Ping Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Research Center, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Huang-Qin Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Research Center, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Research Center, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
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Liu S, Chen W, Zhao Y, Zong Y, Li J, He Z. Research Progress on Effects of Ginsenoside Rg2 and Rh1 on Nervous System and Related Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:7935. [PMID: 38067664 PMCID: PMC10708332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological-related disorders are diseases that affect the body's neurons or peripheral nerve tissue, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The development of neurological disorders can cause serious harm to the quality of life and functioning of the patient. The use of traditional therapeutic agents such as dopamine-promoting drugs, anticholinergic drugs, cholinesterase inhibitors, and NMDA receptor antagonists is often accompanied by a series of side effects such as drug resistance, cardiac arrhythmia, liver function abnormalities, and blurred vision. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a therapeutic drug with a high safety profile and few side effects. Herbal medicines are rich in active ingredients that are natural macromolecules. Ginsenoside is the main active ingredient of ginseng, which has a variety of pharmacological effects and is considered to have potential value in the treatment of human diseases. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that ginsenosides Rg2 and Rh1 have strong pharmacological activities in the nervous system, with protective effects on nerve cells, improved resistance to neuronal injury, modulation of neural activity, resistance to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, improvement of brain damage after eclampsia hemorrhage, improvement of memory and cognitive deficits, treatment of AD and vascular dementia, alleviation of anxiety, pain, and inhibition of ionic-like behavior. In this article, we searched the pharmacological research literature of Rg2 and Rh1 in the field of neurological diseases, summarized the latest research progress of the two ginsenosides, and reviewed the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Rg2 and Rh1, which provided a new way of thinking for the research of the active ingredients in ginseng anti-neurological diseases and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silu Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.L.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.L.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.L.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Ying Zong
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.L.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.L.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.L.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
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Wang X, Chen W, Yuan P, Xu H. RAGE acted as a new anti-inflammatory target for Icariin's treatment against vascular dementia based on network pharmacology-directed verification. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37768122 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2256409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) ranks as the second most prevalent form of dementia and poses a considerable global health challenge. Icariin has been recognized for its robust neuroprotective effects in combating VaD. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. An integrated approach involving network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) was employed to systematically investigate the potential pharmacological actions of Icariin in counteracting VaD. The AGE/RAGE pathway was identified as a promising anti-inflammatory pathway. A chronic cerebral hypoperfusion mouse model was utilized to establish VaD. Both Icariin and FP S-ZM1 (a RAGE inhibitor) were administered through oral gavage and intraperitoneal injection, respectively. The Morris water maze (MWZ) was used to evaluate cognitive functions. Moreover, immunofluorescence, RT-qP CR, and Western blot analyses were carried out to evaluate the effects of FP S-ZM1 on neuroinflammation. Network analysis identified 14 crucial targets and highlighted the AGE-RAGE signaling cascade in diabetic complications as the foremost KEGG pathway with potential anti-neuroinflammatory property. MDS results suggested a stable binding of the RAGE-Icariin complex. Remarkably, Icariin was found to effectively mitigate cognitive deficits in VaD mice, which was correlated with the upregulation of the P I3K/AKT pathway and downregulation of the JNK/cJUN signaling cascade. Critically, co-administration of FP S-ZM1 enhanced Icariin's ameliorative effects on cognitive deficits, owing to bolstered anti-neuroinflammatory action. This study unveils the potential of Icariin in alleviating cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation in VaD, which may be attributed to the modulation of the AGE/RAGE pathway.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongbei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
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Wen X, Xie W, Gao J, Zhang D, Yang M, Zhang Z, Du Y, Jin Y. Systematically uncovering the absorbed effective substances of Radix Scutellaria-licorice drug pair in rat plasma against COVID-19 using a combined UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis and target network pharmacology. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289121. [PMID: 37556490 PMCID: PMC10411761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Scutellaria-Licorice drug pair (RSLDP), a frequently used herbal pair with the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying, is the commonly employed drug pair in TCM prescriptions for the treatment of COVID-19. Until now, the metabolism feature and anti-COVID-19 mechanism of RSLDP have not been fully elucidated. In this study, a sensitive and rapid method was developed for the separation and identification of the absorbed constituents of RSLDP in the rat plasma by UHPLC-QTOF-MS. Additionally, we optimized the conventional methodologies of network pharmacology and proposed a new concept called target network pharmacology (T-NP). It used the absorbed constituents and the corresponding targets to generate a compound-target network, and compared to conventional network pharmacology, it could reduce false-positive results. A total of 85 absorbed constituents were identified or tentatively characterized in dosed plasma, including 32 components in the group of Radix Scutellaria, 27 components in the group of Licorice, and 65 components in the group of RSLDP. The results showed that the compatibility of Radix Scutellaria and Licorice increased the number of components in vivo. We found that 106 potential targets among the 61 active compounds in RSLDP were related to COVID-19. And 12 targets (STAT3, AKT1, EGFR, HSP9AA1, MAPK3, JUN, IL6, VEGFA, TNF, IL2, RELA, and STAT1) could be core targets for RSLDP in treating COVID-19. Results from these targets indicate that RSLDP treatment of COVID-19 mainly involves response to chemical stress, response to oxygenates, positive regulation of cytokines, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway for diabetic complications, virus-related pathways such as novel coronavirus and human cytomegalovirus infection, inflammatory immune-related pathways, and so on. The metabolism feature of RSLDP in vivo was systematically uncovered. The combined use of the T-NP method could discover potential drug targets and disclose the biological processes of RSLDP, which will clarify the potential mechanisms of RSLDP in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Dedong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Mengxin Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Yingfeng Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Yiran Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
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9
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Zhao L, Zhang H, Li N, Chen J, Xu H, Wang Y, Liang Q. Network pharmacology, a promising approach to reveal the pharmacology mechanism of Chinese medicine formula. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116306. [PMID: 36858276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Network pharmacology is a new discipline based on systems biology theory, biological system network analysis, and multi-target drug molecule design specific signal node selection. The mechanism of action of TCM formula has the characteristics of multiple targets and levels. The mechanism is similar to the integrity, systematization and comprehensiveness of network pharmacology, so network pharmacology is suitable for the study of the pharmacological mechanism of Chinese medicine compounds. AIM OF THE STUDY The paper summarizes the present application status and existing problems of network pharmacology in the field of Chinese medicine formula, and formulates the research ideas, up-to-date key technology and application method and strategy of network pharmacology. Its purpose is to provide guidance and reference for using network pharmacology to reveal the modern scientific connotation of Chinese medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literatures in this review were searched in PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar using the keywords "traditional Chinese medicine", "Chinese herb medicine" and "network pharmacology". The literature cited in this review dates from 2002 to 2022. RESULTS Using network pharmacology methods to predict the basis and mechanism of pharmacodynamic substances of traditional Chinese medicines has become a trend. CONCLUSION Network pharmacology is a promising approach to reveal the pharmacology mechanism of Chinese medicine formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ning Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinman Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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10
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Gao Y, Ma K, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Wang J, Guo X, Luo L, Wang H, Peng K, Liu M. Modified Erchen decoction ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia rats via inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 and JNK/BAX signaling pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154797. [PMID: 37037084 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dementia (VaD) is one of the most common clinical syndromes of progressive neurocognitive dysfunction with uncertain mechanisms. Modified Erchen decoction (MECD), developed from "Erchen decoction (ECD)" recorded in "Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang", showed a good effect in the treatment of VaD. However, its therapeutic mechanism is still unclear. PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the multi-target mechanisms of MECD against VaD in vivo and in vitro. METHODS VaD model was established by two-vessel obstruction (2-VO) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Six groups, including the control, 2-VO operation, MECD treatment (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 g kg-1 d-1), donepezil hydrochloride (positive control, 0.45 g kg-1 d-1) were designed in the whole experiment. After oral administration for 4 weeks, the effects of MECD were verified by behavioral experiments, histological observation, and biochemical index analysis. The chemical profiling of MECD was performed by UHPLC-Orbitrap Fusion-HRMS, and a "compound-target-pathway" multivariate network was constructed to validate and elucidate its pharmacological mechanisms. RESULTS Compared with 2-VO group, MECD treatment significantly alleviated anxiety and improved spatial memory in VaD rats according to the open field test (OFT) and Y-maze test. A significant increase in neuron number was observed from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained images in cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) of the hippocampal region after MECD treatment. On the one hand, MECD reduced the plasma levels of triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42), and inhibited mRNA expression of interleukin-1 beta (Il-1β) and Il-6 in the hippocampus. On the other hand, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were significantly increased after treatment with MECD. Moreover, MECD reduced the mRNA expression and protein expression of janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and BCL2-associated X (BAX) in the brain of 2-VO rats. Furthermore, 71 compounds were identified from the extract of MECD. Among them, liquiritin and isochlorogenic acid C gave inhibiting effects on the mRNA expression of Jnk. In addition, liquiritin and hesperetin were conformed with the inhibition of Jak2 transcription level in vitro experiments. CONCLUSION MECD has demonstrated a significant amelioration effect on cognitive dysfunction in VaD rats via JAK2/STAT3 and JNK/BAX signaling pathways, which represents an innovative insight into the "activate blood and eliminate phlegm" theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhuang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism Research and Evaluation of the State Drug Administration, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Peng Kang National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibo Zhu
- Peng Kang National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism Research and Evaluation of the State Drug Administration, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Peng Kang National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Guo
- Peng Kang National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liuting Luo
- Peng Kang National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism Research and Evaluation of the State Drug Administration, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kang Peng
- Peng Kang National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Menghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism Research and Evaluation of the State Drug Administration, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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11
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Wu P, Chang C, Zhu G, Zhai L, Zhang X, Huan Q, Gao Z, Deng H, Liang Y, Xiao H. Network Pharmacology Study of Bioactive Components and Molecular Mechanisms of the Glycoside Fraction from Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Against Experimental Colitis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1531-1546. [PMID: 37249930 PMCID: PMC10224697 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s407339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the potential mechanism of glycosidic fraction of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell (GPS) extract for the treatment of colitis using UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis, network pharmacology and experimental research. Methods The active components of GPS extract were identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis and extracted their targets from the databases, which was used for network pharmacology analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was performed to discover potential therapeutic mechanisms, and the network pharmacology results were then validated by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results The results showed that GPS extract significantly alleviated the clinical signs of colitis, including body weight, disease activity index, colon shortening, and colon tissue damage, and inhibited the transcription and production of colonic IL-1β and IL-6 in DSS-induced colitis mice. In vitro, GPS extract also significantly suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production, iNOS expression, IL-1β and IL-6 transcription of LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Network pharmacology integrated with experimental validation identified that GPS extract significantly suppressed Akt, p38, ERK, and JNK phosphorylation in vivo and in vitro, and luteolin, apocynin, caffeic acid, caffeic acid methyl ester, luteoloside, picroside II, aucubin, cinnamic acid, vanillic acid, and sweroside were the main components responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of GPS. These findings demonstrate that the potential anti-inflammatory effect of GPS extract against colitis is achieved through suppressing PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, and that the abovementioned active components mainly exerted its anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of GPS extract on colitis is related to PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, which is a promising remedy for colitis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peigen Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Churui Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanglin Zhu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Qijiang, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixiang Zhai
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuchan Huan
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengxian Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haitao Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Wang Z, Zhang Z, Liu J, Guo M, Li H. Panax Ginseng in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. J Ginseng Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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13
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Xia X, Zeng H, Wang H, Li X, Zhang S, Yang L, He J. Revealing the Active Constituents and Mechanisms of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang Roots against Rheumatoid Arthritis through Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and in Vivo Experiment. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200916. [PMID: 36424369 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang roots (SC) are traditional Chinese medicine for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effect and potential mechanism of SC remain unclear. This study aims to reveal the anti-RA constituents and mechanisms of SC based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model rat experiment. In this work, 9 potential active constituents, including kaempferol, quercetin, naringenin, paeoniflorin, catechin, fraxin, gentianin, hesperetin, and ellagic acid 3,3',4-trimethyl ether, in SC crossed 65 target genes of RA. In addition, 28 core targets were enriched in inflammation and others, among which interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were the major targets. The binding of bio-constituents with IL-17 and TNF were performed using molecular docking. Rat experiment demonstrated that the extract of SC restored body weight loss, reduced arthritis score and the indices of thymus and spleen, alleviated ankle joint histopathology, decreased the levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-17, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), whereas elevated the levels of IL-4 and IL-10. Collectively, it was the first time to comprehensively reveal the anti-RA efficacy and mechanism of SC via suppressing the inflammatory pathway based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification, which provide chemical and pharmacological evidences for the clinical application of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Xia
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China
| | - Huang Zeng
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514031, P. R. China
| | - Huilei Wang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China
| | - Shengyuan Zhang
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514031, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China
| | - Junwei He
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China
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14
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Liang P, Ma Y, Yang L, Mao L, Sun Q, Sun C, Liu Z, Mazhar M, Yang S, Ren W. Uncovering the Mechanisms of Active Components from Toad Venom against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Untargeted Metabolomics. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227758. [PMID: 36431859 PMCID: PMC9694973 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Toad venom, a dried product of secretion from Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor or Bufo melanostictus Schneider, has had the therapeutic effects of hepatocellular carcinoma confirmed. Bufalin and cinobufagin were considered as the two most representative antitumor active components in toad venom. However, the underlying mechanisms of this antitumor effect have not been fully implemented, especially the changes in endogenous small molecules after treatment. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the intrinsic mechanism on hepatocellular carcinoma after the cotreatment of bufalin and cinobufagin based on untargeted tumor metabolomics. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was performed to identify the absorbed components of toad venom in rat plasma. In vitro experiments were determined to evaluate the therapeutic effects of bufalin and cinobufagin and screen the optimal ratio between them. An in vivo HepG2 tumor-bearing nude mice model was established, and a series of pharmacodynamic indicators were determined, including the body weight of mice, tumor volume, tumor weight, and histopathological examination of tumor. Further, the entire metabolic alterations in tumor after treating with bufalin and cinobufagin were also profiled by UHPLC-MS/MS. Twenty-seven active components from toad venom were absorbed in rat plasma. We found that the cotreatment of bufalin and cinobufagin exerted significant antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo, which were reflected in inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of HepG2 cells and thereby causing cell necrosis. After cotherapy of bufalin and cinobufagin for twenty days, compared with the normal group, fifty-six endogenous metabolites were obviously changed on HepG2 tumor-bearing nude mice. Meanwhile, the abundance of α-linolenic acid and phenethylamine after the bufalin and cinobufagin intervention was significantly upregulated, which involved phenylalanine metabolism and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Furthermore, we noticed that amino acid metabolites were also altered in HepG2 tumor after drug intervention, such as norvaline and Leu-Ala. Taken together, the cotreatment of bufalin and cinobufagin has significant antitumor effects on HepG2 tumor-bearing nude mice. Our work demonstrated that the in-depth mechanism of antitumor activity was mainly through the regulation of phenylalanine metabolism and α-Linolenic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 853, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yining Ma
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Luyin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Linshen Mao
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Changzhen Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zengjin Liu
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Maryam Mazhar
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sijin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 853, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (W.R.)
| | - Wei Ren
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (W.R.)
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15
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Wang YX, Yang Z, Wang WX, Huang YX, Zhang Q, Li JJ, Tang YP, Yue SJ. Methodology of network pharmacology for research on Chinese herbal medicine against COVID-19: A review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 20:477-487. [PMID: 36182651 PMCID: PMC9508683 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine, as a complementary and alternative medicine, has been practiced for thousands of years in China and possesses remarkable clinical efficacy. Thus, systematic analysis and examination of the mechanistic links between Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and the complex human body can benefit contemporary understandings by carrying out qualitative and quantitative analysis. With increasing attention, the approach of network pharmacology has begun to unveil the mystery of CHM by constructing the heterogeneous network relationship of "herb-compound-target-pathway," which corresponds to the holistic mechanisms of CHM. By integrating computational techniques into network pharmacology, the efficiency and accuracy of active compound screening and target fishing have been improved at an unprecedented pace. This review dissects the core innovations to the network pharmacology approach that were developed in the years since 2015 and highlights how this tool has been applied to understanding the coronavirus disease 2019 and refining the clinical use of CHM to combat it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China,Department of Scientific Research, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-xi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jia-jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shi-jun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China,Corresponding author
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Antistroke Network Pharmacological Prediction of Xiaoshuan Tongluo Recipe Based on Drug-Target Interaction Based on Deep Learning. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6095964. [PMID: 35959347 PMCID: PMC9363221 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6095964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease that threatens human health, and the search for therapeutic drugs is the key to treatment. New drug discovery was driven by many accidental factors in the early stage. With the deepening of research, disease-related target discovery and computer-aided drug design constitute a more rational drug discovery process. The deep learning model was constructed by using recurrent neural network, and then, the classification and prediction of compound-protein interactions were studied. In this study, the network pharmacological prediction of stroke based on deep learning is obtained. (1) In the case of discrete time, a distributed optimization algorithm with finite time convergence is applied. A distributed exact first-order algorithm for the case where the objective function is smooth. On the basis of the DGD algorithm, an additional cumulative correction term is added to correct the error caused by the fixed step size of DGD. Solve multiple optimization problems with equality constraints by using Lagrangian functions. Alternately update the original variable and the dual variable to get the solution of a large global problem. It converges to the optimal solution in an asymptotic or exponential way; that is, the node can reach the optimal solution more accurately when the time tends to infinity. (2) Deep learning, also sometimes called representation learning, has a set of algorithms that can automatically discover the desired classification or detection by feeding it into a machine using raw datasets. Multiple levels of abstraction are abstracted through the use of nonlinear models. This simplifies finding solutions to complex and nonlinear functions. Based on the automatic learning function, it provides the functions of modularization and transfer learning. Deep architectures, which usually contain hidden layers, differ from traditional machine learning, which requires a large amount of data to train the network. There are many levels of modules that are nonlinear and transform the information present on the first level into higher levels which are more abstract in nature and are basically used for feature extraction and transformation. (3) The accuracy rate of the framework based on the multitask deep learning algorithm is 91.73%, and the recall rate reaches 96.13%. The final model was predicted and analyzed using real sample data. In the inference problem, it has the advantages of fast training and low cost; in the generation problem, it also has the advantages of fast training, high stability, high diversity, and high quality of image reconstruction.
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Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Model to Investigate the Mechanism of Biheimaer in the Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8773527. [PMID: 35668782 PMCID: PMC9166952 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8773527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Biheimaer (BHM) is a hospital formulation for clinical treatment of dyspepsia and acid reflux, based on Compatibility Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine. This study anticipated to elucidate the molecular mechanism of BHM against Functional dyspepsia via combined network pharmacology prediction with experimental verification. Methods. Based on network pharmacology, the potential active components and targets of BHM in the treatment of functional dyspepsia were explored by prediction and molecular docking technology. The results of protein–protein interaction analysis, functional annotation, and pathway enrichment analysis further refined the main targets and pathways. The molecular mechanism of BHM improving functional dyspepsia mice induced by L-arginine + atropine was verified on the basis of network pharmacology. Results. In this study, 183 effective compounds were screened from BHM; moreover, 1007 compound-related predicted targets and 156 functional dyspepsia-related targets were found. The results of enrichment analysis and in vivo experiments showed that BHM could regulate intestinal smooth muscle contraction to play a therapeutic role in functional dyspepsia by reducing the expression of NOS3, SERT, TRPV1, and inhibiting the inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α) to intervene the inflammatory response in mice. Conclusions. This study revealed the molecular biological mechanisms of the Traditional Chinese Medicine formulation of BHM in functional dyspepsia by network pharmacology and experimental verification, meanwhile provided scientific support for subsequent clinical medication.
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Qu J, Ke F, Liu Z, Yang X, Li X, Xu H, Li Q, Bi K. Uncovering the mechanisms of dandelion against triple-negative breast cancer using a combined network pharmacology, molecular pharmacology and metabolomics approach. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153986. [PMID: 35183931 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taraxacum mongolicum, also called dandelion, has been used for thousands of years as a remedy for mammary abscess, mammary gland hyperplasia, and various other diseases afflicting the breast. In modern pharmacological research, dandelion has been proven to be effective against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the mechanisms of this anti-tumor effect have not been fully elucidated. PURPOSE The aim of this investigation was to understand the multi-target mechanisms through which dandelion counteracts TNBC via a network pharmacology strategy as well as to validate its effectiveness by means of molecular pharmacology and metabolomics assessments. METHODS A liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LC-Q-TOF/MS) was employed to identify the absorbed components of dandelion in rat plasma. The network pharmacology-based prediction was utilized to uncover the potential mechanisms through which dandelion counteracts TNBC, during which potential targets were identified and pathway enrichment analysis was performed. Subsequently, TNBC cells and 4T1 tumor-bearing mice were used to further verify the molecular mechanisms of dandelion. RESULTS Twelve active compounds were identified in rat plasma, which were connected with 50 TNBC-related targets. The pathway enrichment showed that dandelion could treat TNBC through regulating a series of biological processes involving cell cycle and metabolism. Experimentally, flow cytometry analysis revealed that dandelion could arrest the G0/G1 and G2/M cell cycles in 4T1 cells. Further western blot analysis evidenced that the protein expression of kinase 6 (CDK6) as well as cyclins B1 and B2 in mice tumor tissue were suppressed by dandelion. In addition, cell metabolomics analysis revealed the changes in the endogenous metabolite levels that result from dandelion treatments, such as the downregulation of arginine and spermine levels. All these findings were consistent with the predicted targets and pathways. CONCLUSION This study comprehensively demonstrates the multi-target mechanisms of dandelion against TNBC using network pharmacology, molecular pharmacology, and metabolomics approaches. These findings will provide important stepping stones for further mechanism investigations and may lead to the development of highly effective dandelion-based treatments for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Qu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fan Ke
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ziru Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xianzhe Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huarong Xu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Metabolomics Deciphering the Potential Biomarkers of Hengqing I Prescription against Vascular Dementia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1636145. [PMID: 35399642 PMCID: PMC8986386 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1636145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the aging of population, vascular dementia (VaD) seriously threatens people's health and quality of life. It is of great significance to explore biomarkers of VaD from the perspective of metabolomics and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Therefore, VaD was divided into kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (KDBS) and non-KDBS according to TCM. Then, some patients received the treatment of Hengqing I (HQI) prescription. The urine of six groups (VaD group, normal group, KDBS group, non-KDBS group, HQI group, and control group) was detected on LC-MS/MS. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that the metabolic profiles of the three comparisons were significantly different. The top analysis-ready molecules of downregulated histamine and upregulated biotin, methionine, pantothenic acid, SAH, histidine, and kaempferol may be the most related metabolites. These putative biomarkers play an important role in the regulation of key metabolic processes linked to VaD. Additionally, pathway analysis showed aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and amino acids metabolic pathways were highly correlated with the occurrence of VaD. In this present paper, vitamins, amino acids, and their derivatives were selected as the basis for VaD diagnosis and treatment monitoring, and the significance of TCM classification and Hengqing I prescription in the treatment of VaD was discussed.
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Singla RK, Dhir V, Madaan R, Kumar D, Singh Bola S, Bansal M, Kumar S, Dubey AK, Singla S, Shen B. The Genus Alternanthera: Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:769111. [PMID: 35479320 PMCID: PMC9036189 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.769111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: The genus Alternanthera (Amaranthaceae) comprises 139 species including 14 species used traditionally for the treatment of various ailments such as hypertension, pain, inflammation, diabetes, cancer, microbial and mental disorders. Aim of the review: To search research gaps through critical assessment of pharmacological activities not performed to validate traditional claims of various species of Alternanthera. This review will aid natural product researchers in identifying Alternanthera species with therapeutic potential for future investigation. Materials and methods: Scattered raw data on ethnopharmacological, morphological, phytochemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and clinical studies of various species of the genus Alternanthera have been compiled utilizing search engines like SciFinder, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Open J-Gate for 100 years up to April 2021. Results: Few species of Alternanthera genus have been exhaustively investigated phytochemically, and about 129 chemical constituents related to different classes such as flavonoids, steroids, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, glycosides, and phenolic compounds have been isolated from 9 species. Anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, CNS depressive, antidiabetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulator effects have been explored in the twelve species of the genus. A toxicity study has been conducted on 3 species and a clinical study on 2 species. Conclusions: The available literature on pharmacological studies of Alternanthera species reveals that few species have been selected based on ethnobotanical surveys for scientific validation of their traditional claims. But most of these studies have been conducted on uncharacterized and non-standardized crude extracts. A roadmap of research needs to be developed for the isolation of new bioactive compounds from Alternanthera species, which can emerge out as clinically potential medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K. Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Dhir
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University Punjab, Rajpura, India
| | - Reecha Madaan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University Punjab, Rajpura, India
- *Correspondence: Bairong Shen, ; Reecha Madaan,
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Health and Family Welfare, Civil Hospital, Rampura Phul, India
| | - Simranjit Singh Bola
- Akal College of Pharmacy and Technical Education, Mastuana Sahib, Sangrur, India
| | - Monika Bansal
- Akal College of Pharmacy and Technical Education, Mastuana Sahib, Sangrur, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | | | - Shailja Singla
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Bairong Shen, ; Reecha Madaan,
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